Class 10 Civics Chapter 6 Extra Questions and Answers Political Parties

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Online Education for Political Parties Class 10 Extra Questions Civics Chapter 6

Question 1.
What do you understand by a political party?
Answer:
A political party is a group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government. They agree On the some policies and programmes for the society with a view to promote the collective good.

Question 2.
What are the three main components of a political party
Answer:
A political party has three components:

1. The leaders
2. The active members, and
3. The followers.

Question 3.
“Parties play a decisive role in law-making for country. ” Discuss.
Answer:

• Parties play a decisive role in making laws for a country Formally, laws are debated and passed in legislature.
• But since most of the members belong to a party, they go by the direction of the party leadership, irrespective of their personal opinions.

Question 4.
Explain any four functions of the political parties.
Answer:

• Parties contest elections.
• Parties form and run government.
• Parties play a decisive role in making laws for a country.
• Parties shape public opinion.

Question 5.
How do parties form and run government?
Answer:

• Different political parties take part in elections. A party winning maximum number of seals in the election is invited to form the government.
• The big policy decision are taken by political executive that comes from political parties.
• Parties recruit leaders, trains them and then make them ministers to run the government in the way they want.

Question 6.
“Parties shape public opinion. ” How?
Answer:

• Parties shape public opinion. They and highlight issues. Parties have lakhs of members and activities spread all over the country.
• Many of the pressure groups are the extension of political parties among different sections of society.
• Parties sometimes also launch movements for the resolution of problems faced by people.

Question 7.
Describe the role of opposition party in a democracy?
Answer:

• Those parties that lose in the election play the opposition to the power, by voicing different views and criticizing government for its failures or wrong policies.
• Opposition parties also mobilize opposition to the government.

Question 8.
Define one-party system.
Answer:
In some countries, only one party is allowed to and run government. These ore called one-party systems. Ex. – China, Cuba, North Korea.

Question 9.
What is meant by two-party?
Answer:
In the two-party system there two major parties in the political sphere There parties also but they partner with the parties. To win the elections winning party has to get the maximum votes This is followed Great Britain and the USA.

Question 10.
Is one-party system good for democracy?
Answer:

• We cannot consider one System as a good option because this is not democratic option.
• Any democratic system must allow at least two parties compete in elections and provide a fair chance for the competing parties to come to power.

Question 11.
Explain the meaning of an alliance or a front with suitable example.
Answer:
When several parties in a multi-party system join hands for the purpose contesting elections and winning power it is called an alliance or front. For example, in India, there were three such major alliances in 2004 parliamentary elections the National Democratic Alliance, the United Progressive Alliance and the left Front.

Question 12.
Give one positive and one negative point about the multi-party system.
Answer:

1. Negative point: The multi-party system often appears very messy and leads to political instability.
2. Positive Point: At the same time, this system allows a variety of interests and opinions to enjoy political representation.

Question 13.
What is meant by a National Party?
Answer:
A political party that wins at least six per cent of the votes in the Lok Sabha elections or Assembly elections in four states and win at least four seats in the Lok Sabha, is recognized as a National party.

Question 14.
What is meant by the state party?
Answer:
A political party that secures at least six per cent of votes in an election to legislative assembly of a state and wins at least two seats in recognized as state party.

Question 15.
What kind of political parties are found in a federal democratic system?
Answer:
Democracies that follow a federal system all over the world tend to have two kins of polt parties.

• Parties that are present in only one of the federal units and
• Parties that are present in several or all units of the federation.

Question 16.
Name one regional party each from the following states of India: UP, Manipur, Mizoram, Goa, Kerala and Orissa.
Answer:

• UP- Samajwadi Party (SP)
• Manipur- Manipur People’s (MPP)
• Mizoram – Mizo National Front (MNF)
• Goa – United Goans Democratic Party (UGDP)
• Kerala – Indian Federal Democratic Party (IFDP)
• Orissa- Biju Janta Dal (BJD).

Question 17.
What are the major challenges before the political parties?
Answer:
There are four major challenges before the political parties:

• Lack of internal democracy
• Dynastic succession
• Role of money and muscle power and
• No meaningful choice of parties among the voters.

Question 18.
Describe the efforts made by the Election Commission to bring internal democracy in political parties.
Answer:

1. The election commission passed an order making it necessary for political to hold their organizational election and file their income tax returns
2. The parties have starting doing so, sometimes only informality. It is not clear if this step has led to greater internal democracy in political parties.

Question 19.
What do you mean by multi-party system?
Answer:
In this system, there are three or more Parties. Every party has the capacity to win the elections and form the government. Each party competes and contests the elections. Sometimes no party gets the majority and several parties join together to form the government. This system is followed in Denmark and India.

Question 20.
Write a short note on Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP).
Answer:
Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) was formed in 1984 under the leadership of Kanshi Ram. It seeks to represent and secure power for the Bahujan Samaj which includes the Dalits, Adivasis OBCs and religious minorities. It draws inspiration from the ideas and teachings of Sahu Maharaj, Mahatma Pule, Periyar Ramaswami Naicker and Babasaheb Ambedkar. It stands for the cause of securing the interest and welfare of the Dalits and oppressed people.

It has been its main base in the state of Uttar Pradesh and -substantial presence in neighbouring states like Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Punjab. It formed government in Uttar Pradesh several times by taking support of different parties at different times. In the Lok Sabha elections held in 2004, it polled about 5 per cent votes and secured 19 seats in the Lok Sabha.

Question 21.
Describe the policies and programmes of Communist Party of India- Marxist (CPI-M).
Answer:
Communist party of India – Marxist (CPIM) was founded in 1964. It believes in Marxism Leninism. It supports socialism Secularism and democracy and opposes imperialism and communalism. Its enjoys strong support in West Bengal, Kerala and Tripura, especially among the poor, factory workers, farmers, agricultural labourers and intelligentsia.

This party is critical of the new economic policies that allows free flow of foreign capital and goods into the country. It has been in power in West Bengal without a break for 30 years. In 2004 elections, it won about 6 percent of votes and 43 seats in the Lok Sabha. Currently, it supports the UPA government from outside, without joining the government.

Question 22.
How does dynastic succession affect party and democracy?
OR
Dynastic succession is a great challenge to political parties. Illucidate with suitable example.
Answer:

• Since most political parties do not practice open and transparent procedures for their functioning, there are very few ways for ordinary worker to rise to the top in a party.
• Those who happen to be the leaders are in a position of unfair advantage to favour people close to them or even their family members.
• In many parties, the top position are always controlled by members of one family.
• This is unfair to other members of that party. This is also bad for democracy since people who do not have adequate experience or popular support come to occupy positions of power.

Question 23.
Discuss the role of money and muscle power in democracy
Answer:

• Nowadays, the growing role of money and muscle power in political parties, especially during the election during the election has increased. It has posed a great challenge to democracy.
• Since parties are focused only on winning election, they tend to use short- cuts to win
  elections. They tend to nominate those candidates who have or can raise lots of money. Later on such People influence the policies of the party, spread corruption and Damage the image of the party they belong to.
• Some rich people and companies who give funds to the Parties tend to have influence on the policies and decisions of the Party.
• In some cases, parties support criminals who can win Elections. Democrats all over the world are worried about the Increasing role of rich people and big companies in democratic Because such trends prove unhealthy both for the party And democracy on the long run.

Question 24.
The quality of the democracy depends on the degree of Public Participation. Justify.
Answer:

• Since the democracy is people’s own government so greater Public participation will strengthen democracy.
• People’s greater participation ensures better quality Politics.
• To choose the right kind of representatives is in the self-interest of the people. For this, they must take active part in politics.
• The degree of public participation. It is difficult to reform Politics if ordinary citizens do not take part in it and simply criticise. lt from outside. The problems of bad policies can be solved by more and better politics.

Question 25.
Parties are necessary conditions for a democracy. Discuss.
OR
What is the necessity of a political party?
Answer:
We can understand the necessity of political party by Imaging a situation without parties.

Every candidate in the election will be independent. So no one will be able to make any promises to the people about any Major policy changes.

The government may be formed, but its utility will remain ever uncertain.

Elected representatives will be accountable to their constituency for what they do in the locality. But no one will be responsible for how the country run.

We can also think about it by looking at the non – party-based elections to the panchayat in many states. Although the parties do not contest formally, it is generally noticed that the village gets split into more than one faction, each of which puts up a ‘panel’ of its candidates.

This is exactly what the party does. That is the reason we find political parties in almost all countries of the world, whether these countries are big or small, old or new, developed or developing.

Question 26.
How can you say that the future of popular participation in political parties in India is bright?
Answer:
Generally, it is said that political parties are facing a crisis because they are very unpopular and the citizens are indifferent to political parties. The available evidence, based shows that this belief is only partly true for India.

The evidence-based on a series of large sample surveys conducted over several decades show that:

• Political parties do not enjoy much trust among the people in South Asia. The proportion of those who say their trust in political parties is ‘not much’ or ‘not at all’ is more than those have ‘some’ or ‘great 7 trust.
• The same is true of most other democracies as well. Political parties are one of the least trusted institutions all over the world.
• Yes the level of participation in the activities of political parties was fairly high. The proportion of those who said they were members of any political party was higher in India than many advanced countries like Canada, Japan and South Korea.
• Over the last three decades, the proportion of those who report to be members of Political parties in India has gone up steadily.
• The proportion of those who say they feel ‘close to a political party 7 has gone up to in India in this period. So, we certainly say that the future of popular participation in political parties in India is bright.

Question 27.
Describe the rise of Indian National Congress (INC) as one of the most important political party in India.
Answer:
Indian National Congress (INC) is popularly known as the Congress Party. It is one of the oldest parties the world. It was founded in 1885 and has experienced many splits. It played dominant role in Indian politics at the national and state level for several decades after India’s independence. Under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru, the party sought to build a modem secular, democratic republic in India. It was a single ruling party at the centre till 1977 and then from 1980 to 1989.

After 1989 its support declined, but it continues to be present throughout the country, cutting across social divisions. A centrist party ( neither rightist nor leftist) in its ideological orientation, the party espouses secularism and welfare for weaker sections and minorities. This party supports new economic reforms but with a human face. It emerged as the largest party with 145 members in the Lok Sabha elections held in 2004. It currently leads the ruling United Progressive Alliance coalition government at the centre.

Question 28.
Discuss the policies and programmes of Bhartiya Janta Party (BJP).
Answer:
Bhartiya Janta Party (BJP) was founded in 1980 by reviving the erstwhile Bhartiya Jana Sangh. It wants to build a strong and modem India by drawing inspiration from India’s ancient culture and values.
Cultural nationalism (or ‘Hindutva’ ) is a important element in its conception of Indian national hood and politics.

It wants full territorial and political integration of Jammu & Kashmir with India, a common civil code for all people living in the country irrespective of religion, and ban on religious conversion. Its support base increased substantially in the 1990s.

Earlier it was limited to north and west and to urban areas, the party expanded its support in the South, east the northeast and no rural areas n. It came to power in 1998, as the leader the of National Democracy Alliance including several state and regional parties. It lost election in 2004 and is the main opposition party in Lok Sabha.

Question 29.
Explain the contribution of regional parties in strengthening of federalism and democracy in our country.
Answer:
Other than six national parties, most of the major parties of India are classified as ‘Statearties’ commonly referred to as regional parties by the election commission.

Yet these parties need not be regional in their ideology or outlook. Some of these parties are all – India parties that happen to have succeeded only in some states.

Parties like the Samajwadi Party and Rashtriya Janata Dal have national-level political organizations with units in several states. Some of these parties like Biju Janata Dal, Sikkim Democratic Front and Mizo National Front are conscious about their state identify.

At the same time this has made any dissent even more difficult. MPs and MLAs have to accept whatever the party leaders decide.

The Supreme Court has passed an order to reduce the influence of money and criminals. Now, it is mandatory for every candidate who contests elections to file an affidavit giving details of his property and criminal cases pending against him.

The new system has made a lot of, information available to the public.

Objective Type Questions
Four choices are given to the following questions.
Choose the correct answer:

Question 1.
A group of people coming together to contest elections and hold power in the government is called:
(a) Political party
(b) Social group
(c) Cult
(d) Seal.
Answer:
(a) Political party

Question 2.
One of the three components of a political party is:
(a) People
(b) Students
(c) Teachers
(d) Leaders
Answer:
(d) Leaders

Question 3.
In which country, members and supporters of a party choose candidates for contesting elections?
(a) India
(b) USA
(c) Russia
(d) Pakistan
Answer:
(b) USA

Question 4.
In which country, top party leaders choose candidates for contesting elections?
(a) USA
(b) Pakistan
(c) Greenland
(d) India
Answer:
(d) India

Question 5.
Which institutions debates and passes laws?
(a) Legislature
(b) Executive
(c) A and B both
(d) none of these
Answer:
(a) Legislature

Question 6.
Who mobilises opposition to the government?
(a) Political parties
(b) NGO
(c) Opposition parties
(d) B and C both
Answer:
(c) Opposition parties

Question 7.
How many parties are registered with Election Commission of India?
(a) More than 750
(b) more than 650
(c) more than 500
(d) more than 150
Answer:
(a) More than 750

Question 8.
China has:
(a) Two-party system
(b) multi-party system
(c) one-party system
(d) none of these.
Answer:
(c) one-party system

Question 9.
India has:
(a) Multi-party system
(b) One-party system
(c) Two-party system
(d) b and c both
Answer:
(a) Multi-party system

Question 10.
England has :
(a) One-party system
(b) Two-party system
(c) Multi-party system
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Two-party system.

Question 11.
Countrywide political parties known as
(a) Regional parties
(b) National parties
(c) State parties
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) National parties

Question 12.
Which institution registers the party in India?
(a) UPSC
(b) Law commission
(c) Home ministry
(d) Election commission
Answer:
(d) Election commission

Question 13.
How many recognized national parties were there in 2006 in india?
(a) 4
(b) 5
(c) 6
(d) 8
Answer:
(c) 6

Question 14.
INC was formed in:
(a) 1885
(b) 1895
(c) 1905
(d) 1982.
Answer:
(a) 1885.

Extra Questions for Class 10 Social Science