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CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Hindi Paper 2 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Hindi. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Hindi Paper 2.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Hindi Paper 2

Board	CBSE
Class	XII
Subject	Hindi
Sample Paper Set	Paper 2
Category	CBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 2 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Hindi is given below with free PDF download solutions.

समय :3 घंटे
पूर्णांक : 100

सामान्य निर्देश

• इस प्रश्न-पत्र के तीन खंड हैं-क, ख और ग।
• तीनों खंडों के प्रश्नों के उत्तर देना अनिवार्य है।
• यथासंभव प्रत्येक खंड के उत्तर क्रमशः दीजिए।

प्रश्न 1.
निम्नलिखित गद्यांश को ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए (15)

जिस प्रकार हमारे शरीर के लिए भोजन आवश्यक है, उसी प्रकार हमारे मस्तिष्क को भी भोजन की आवश्यकता होती है। मस्तिष्क का सर्वोत्तम भोजन पुस्तकें हैं। इनका अपना ही आनंद है, जो किसी अन्य वस्तु से नहीं मिल सकता। अध्ययन करते सुमय हम जीवन की चिंताओं और दुःखों को भूल जाते हैं।

अध्ययन कई प्रकार का होता है। पहला प्रकार, हल्का-फुल्का अध्ययन अर्थात् समाचार-पत्रों, पुत्र-पत्रिकाओं आदि की पढ़ाई करना होता है, जिनसे वर्तमान घटनाओं के विषय में विस्तृत ज्ञान प्राप्त होता है। इनके द्वारा हमें विश्व के प्रत्येक भाग की घुटनाओं और क्रियाकलापों के विषय में सब कुछ पता चलता रहता है। आज के युग में हम इस प्रकार के हल्के-फुल्के अध्ययन से अलग नहीं रह सकते। बिना समाचार-पत्रों के हम कुएँ के मेंढक के समान हो जाएँगे। इसलिए ऐसे अध्ययन को, जो आनंदमय हो और शिक्षाप्रद भी, अनदेखा नहीं किया जा सकता। इसके बाद यात्रा और साहसिक कार्यों से संबद्ध पुस्तकें आती हैं। सामान्यतया व्यक्ति दैनिक जीवन की कठोर वास्तविकताओं से दूर भागना चाहता है, किंतु साहसिक कार्य करने की भावना मानव के रक्त में होती है। यात्रा और साहसिक कार्यों का वर्णन करने वाली पुस्तकें हमारे मन में भी साहस और निर्भीकता की भावना पैदा करती हैं। खाली समय को आनंद से बिताने का सबसे अच्छा साधन है, उपन्यास। शाम के समय अथवा गाड़ी में यात्रा करते समय उपन्यास पढ़ने से बेहतर कोई मनोरंजन नहीं है। कुछ समय के लिए पाठक अपने व्यक्तित्व और सत्ता को ही भूल जाता है। वह उपन्यास के किसी चरित्र के साथ एकाकार हो जाता है।

इससे उसे अपार सुख मिलता है। इनके अलावा गंभीर अध्ययन की पुस्तकें होती हैं। इनमें साहित्य, इतिहास, दर्शन आदि की पुस्तकें भी आती हैं, जो सभी काल में पढ़ी जाने योग्य कृतियाँ होती हैं। ऐसी पुस्तकें गंभीर और विचारशील व्यक्तियों के लिए होती हैं। साहित्य का विद्यार्थी सभी युगों के सर्वोत्कृष्ट विद्वानों के संपर्क में आता है और अपने चिंतन के लिए उपयोगी आहार प्राप्त करता है। वे उसे जीवन के आध्यात्मिक मूल्यों की पूरी जानकारी देते हैं। इस प्रकार वह अपने जीवन को श्रेष्ठ और मुहान् बना सकता है। उसका दृष्टिकोण व्यापक हो जाता है और मानव के प्रति उसकी सहानुभूति बढ़ जाती है।

बेकन ने कहा था कि- “कुछ पुस्तकों का केवुल स्वाद चखना चाहिए, कुछ को निगल जाना चाहिए और कुछ को अच्छी प्रकार से चबाकर पुचा लेना चाहिए। किसी पुस्तक को पाठ्य-पुस्तक के रूप में पढ़ने में अनिवार्यता की भावना आ जाती है। यह अनिवार्यता उपयोगी हो सकती है, परंतु उससे रुचि का हनन हो जाता है। पुस्तकों का वास्तविक प्रेमी तो हर समय इनकी संगति में आनंद का अनुभव करता है। पढ़ने की आदत मनुष्य के सभ्य होने का चिह्न है। यह मनोरंजन का अच्छा साधन है। और खाली समय को व्यतीत करने का सबसे अच्छा उपाय है। पुस्तकों का खज़ाना किसी भी राजा के खज़ाने से बड़ा होता है। पुस्तकें कला, साहित्य, विज्ञान और ज्ञानरूपी सोने की खाने हैं।

(क) प्रस्तुत गद्यांश का सर्वाधिक उपयुक्त शीर्षक बताइए।
(ख) प्रस्तुत गद्यांश में प्रयुक्त पंक्ति “मस्तिष्क का सर्वोत्तम भोजन पुस्तकें हैं” का आशय स्पष्ट कीजिए।
(ग) अध्ययन करते समय मनुष्य किस मनोदशा में पहुँच जाता है?
(घ) समाचार-पत्रों के अभाव में मनुष्य की क्या दशा हो सकती है?
(ङ) साहसिक साहित्य पढ़ने से क्या लाभ है?
(च) लेखक के अनुसार, खाली समय को आनंद से बिताने का सबसे अच्छा साधन क्या है और क्यों?
(छ) गद्यांश के केंद्रीय भाव को लगभग 20 शब्दों में लिखिए।
(ज) पाठ्य-पुस्तक पढ़ने एवं सामान्य पुस्तक पढ़ने में क्या अंतर देखा जाता है?

प्रश्न 2.
निम्नलिखित काव्यांश को ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए (1 × 5 = 5)

टूटता है तनु तड़प
मुगुर रुक मेघ मत बरस
खड़ा है सूर्य ऊपुर
धूरा है वुज्र मेरा पाँव
कूटता है स्वर्ण घुनु से
कोई दोनों हाथ मेरे

ज़मीं पर बीज अपने
किरण चुम-चुम
घहरता स्वर्ण घने घुनु-घून
पिघुलकर रक्तु दोनों पुत्थरों से चूमता भू
मृदा से गंध उठती सोंधी-सोंधी
और उग आते सने मिट्टी सहस्रों हाथ

(क) प्रस्तुत काव्यांश में स्वर्ण घन किसका प्रतीक है? उसके द्वारा क्या किया जा रहा है?
(ख) कविता का वर्ण्य-विषय स्पष्ट कीजिए।
(ग) मिटटी से सोंधी-सोंधी गंध कब उठने लगती है?
(घ) भूमि पर किसने बीज गाड़ रखे हैं? उनके क्या परिणाम होते हैं?
(ङ) ‘पिघलकर रक्त दोनों पत्थरों से चूमता भू’ पंक्ति का आशय स्पष्ट कीजिए।

प्रश्न 3.
निम्नलिखित में से किसी एक विषय पर अनुच्छेद लिखिए (5)

(क) कन्या भ्रूण हत्या
(ख) नारी समाज के सम्मुख चुनौतियाँ
(ग) जल संरक्षण
(घ) शिक्षा का अधिकार

प्रश्न 4.
मानव संसाधन विकास मंत्रालय, भारत सरकार की ओर से उत्तर प्रदेश के शिक्षा सचिव को एक पत्र लिखिए, जिसमें राष्ट्र की भावात्मक एकता को संवर्धित करने हेतु शिक्षण संस्थानों के योगदान के संबंध में प्रत्येक राज्य में एक-एक समिति का गठन करने संबंधी निर्णय की जानकारी हो।

अथवा

आवश्यक एवं भ्रामक प्रचार करने वाले विज्ञापनों से ग्राहकों एवं उपभोक्ताओं को होने वाली परेशानी का उल्लेख करते हुए किसी समाचार-पत्र के संपादक को इस संबंध में दो सुझाव देते हुए पत्र लिखिए। (5)

प्रश्न 5.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर संक्षेप में दीजिए (1 × 5= 5)

(क) पत्रकारीय लेखन और साहित्यिक सृजनात्मक लेखन में अंतर बताइए।
(ख) स्तंभ लेखन से क्या तात्पर्य है?
(ग) ‘इंटरनेट’ किसे कहते हैं?
(घ) संपादकीय’ किसे कहते हैं?
(ङ) ‘इन डेप्थ रिपोर्ट के विषय में बताइए।

प्रश्न 6.
‘महानगरों में अतिक्रमण की समस्या’ विषय पर एक आलेख लिखिए।

अथवा

हाल ही में पढ़ी गई किसी पुस्तक की समीक्षा लिखिए। (5)

प्रश्न 7.
‘किशोर और अपराध’ अथवा ‘मीडिया की विश्वसनीयता पर लगते प्रश्न चिह’ में से किसी एक विषय पर फ़ीचर लेखन तैयार कीजिए।

प्रश्न 8.
निम्नलिखित काव्यांश को ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए। (2 × 4 = 8)

नभ में पाँति-बँधे बगुलों के पंख,
चुराए लिए जातीं वे मेरी आँखें।
कजरारे बादलों की छाई नभ छाया,
तैरती साँझ की सतेज श्वेत काया।

हौले हौले जाती मुझे बाँध निज माया से।
उसे कोई तृनिक रोक रखो।
वह तो चुराए लिए जाती मेरी आँखें
नभ में पाँती-बँधी बगुलों की पाँखें।

(क) आशय स्पष्ट कीजिए।
कजरारे बादलों की छाई नभ छाया,
तैरती साँझ की सतेज श्वेत काया।

(ख) कवि स्वयं को माया से बँधा क्यों महसूस करता है?
(ग) कवि किसे तनिक रोक रखने की बात करता है और क्यों?
(घ) काव्यांश का केंद्रीय भाव समझाइए।

अथवा

धूत कहौ,अवधूत कहौ, रजपूतु कहौ, जोलहा कहौ कोऊ।
काहू की बेटीसों बेटा न ब्याहब,काहूकी जाति बिगार न सोऊ।।
तुलसी सरनाम गुलामु है राम को, जाको रुचै सौ कुहै कछु ओऊ।
माँगि के खैबो, मुसीत को सोइबो,लैबोको एकु न दैबको दोऊ।।

(क) तुलसीदास अपना जीवन-निर्वाह कैसे करना चाहते हैं?
(ख) तुलसीदास ने समाज के प्रति अपना क्षोभ किन शब्दों में व्यक्त किया है?
(ग) ‘काहू की बेटीसों बेटा न ब्याहब’ के द्वारा तुलसीदास समाज के लोगों से क्या कहना चाहते हैं?
(घ) तुलसीदास राम के कैसे भक्त हैं? काव्यांश के आधार पर स्पष्ट कीजिए।

प्रश्न 9.
निम्नलिखित काव्यांश को ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए (2 × 3= 6)

प्रातः नभ था बहुत नीला शंख जैसे
भोर का नभ।
राख से लीपा हुआ चौका
(अभी गीला पड़ा है)
बहुत काली सिल ज़रा से लाल केसर से
कि जैसे धुल गई हो।
स्लेट पर या लाल खड़िया चाक

मल दी हो किसी ने
नील जुल में या किसी की
गौर झिलमिल देह
जैसे हिल रही हो।
और ……………….
जादू टूटता है इस उषा का अब
सूर्योदय हो रहा है।

(क) प्रस्तुत कविता के शिल्प सौंदर्य पर प्रकाश डालिए।
(ख) कविता की भाषा पर टिप्पणी कीजिए।
(ग) “अभी गीला पड़ा है”- पंक्ति का भाव स्पष्ट कीजिए।

अथवा

मुझसे मिलने को कौन विकल?
मैं होऊँ किसके हित चंचल?
यह प्रश्न शिथिल करता पद को,

भुरता उरे में विह्वलता है।
दिनु जल्दी-जुल्दी ढलता है।

(क) प्रस्तुत काव्यांश के भाव सौंदर्य पर टिप्पणी कीजिए।
(ख) काव्यांश के शिल्प सौंदर्य को स्पष्ट कीजिए।
(ग) काव्यांश में कवि ने किस भाव को स्पर्श किया है?

प्रश्न 10.
निम्नलिखित में से किन्हीं दो प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए (3 × 2= 6)

(क) ‘आत्म परिचय’ कविता में प्रयुक्त काव्य-पंक्ति “मैं और, और जग और, कहाँ का नाता’ में प्रयुक्त ‘और’ शब्द की विशेषता बताइए।
(ख) तुलसीदास की संकलित चौपाइयों के आधार पर लक्ष्मण के प्रति राम के स्नेह संबंधों पर प्रकाश डालिए।
(ग) ‘छोटा मेरा खेत’ कविता में कवि किस प्रकार की रोपाई और कटाई करने की बात करता है?

प्रश्न 11.
निम्नलिखित गद्यांश को ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए (2 × 4 = 8)

दंगल में ढोल की आवाज़ सुनते ही वह अपने भारी-भरकम शरीर का प्रदर्शन करना शुरू कर देता था। उसकी जोड़ी तो मिलती ही नहीं थी, यदि कोई उससे लड़ना भी चाहता तो राजा साहब लुट्नु को आज्ञा नहीं देते। इसलिए वह निराश होकर, लंगोट लगाकर देह में मिट्टी मल और उछालकर अपने को साँड या भैंसा साबित करता रहता था। बूढ़े राजा साहब देख-देखकर मुस्कुराते रहते। यो ही पंद्रह वर्ष बीत गए। पहलवान अजेय रहा। वह दंगल में अपने दोनों पुत्रों को लेकर उतुरता था। पहलवान की सास पहले ही मर चुकी थी, पहलवान की स्त्री भी दो पहलवानों को पैदा करके स्वर्ग सिधार गई थी। दोनों लड़के पिता की तरह गठीले और तगड़े थे। दंगल में दोनों को देखकर लोगों के मुँह से अनायास ही निकल पड़ता “वाह! बाप से भी बढ़कर निकलेंगे ये दोनों बेटे!”

(क) ढोल की आवाज़ सुनते ही लुट्टन सिंह की क्या प्रतिक्रिया होती थी?
(ख) कुश्ती के दंगल में लुट्न पहलवान निराश ही क्यों रह जाता था?
(ग) राजा साहब अपने प्रिय पहलवान लुट्टन सिंह को दंगल में कुश्ती लड़ने की आज्ञा क्यों नहीं देते थे?
(घ) राजा साहब लुट्टन सिंह की किन गतिविधियों पर मुस्कुराते रहते थे?

प्रश्न 12.
निम्नलिखित में से किन्हीं चार प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए (3 × 4 = 12)
(क) ‘बाज़ार-दर्शन’ पाठ का लेखक बाज़ार को किस रूप में देखता है? क्या आप उसके निष्कर्ष से सहमत हैं?

(ख) “चैप्लिन ने न सिर्फ फ़िल्म कला को लोकतांत्रिक बनाया, बल्कि दर्शकों की वर्ग एवं वर्ण व्यवस्था को भी तोड़ा।” इस पंक्ति में लोकतांत्रिक बनाने और वर्ण व्यवस्था तोड़ने का क्या अभिप्राय है? क्या आप इससे सहमत हैं?

(ग) ‘गगरी फूटी बैल पियासा’ इंदर सेना के इस खेल गीत में बैलों के प्यासा रहने की बात क्यों मुखरित हुई है?

(घ) सर्वग्रासी काल की मार से बचते हुए वही दीर्घजीवी हो सकता है, जिसने अपने व्यवहार में जडता छोइकर नित बदल रही। स्थितियों में निरंतर अपनी गतिशीलता बनाए रखी है। ‘शिरीष के फूल’ पाठ के आधार पर स्पष्ट करें।

(ङ) जाति-प्रथा को श्रम विभाजन का ही एक रूप न मानने के पीछे डॉ. आंबेडकर के क्या तर्क हैं?

प्रश्न 13.
सिल्वर वैडिंग कहानी के आधार पर पीढ़ियों के अंतराल के कारणों पर प्रकाश डालिए। क्या इस अंतराल को कुछ पाटा जा सकता है? कैसे, स्पष्ट कीजिए।

प्रश्न 14.
(क) “सिंधु सभ्यता ताकत से शासित होने की अपेक्षा समझ से अनुशासित थी।” कैसे?
(ख) ‘डायरी के पन्ने’ के आधार पर सिद्ध कीजिए कि ऐन फ्रैंक बहुत प्रतिभाशाली तथा परिपक्व व्यक्तित्व की लड़की थी।

उत्तर

उत्तर 1.
(क) प्रस्तुत गद्यांश का सर्वाधिक उपयुक्त शीर्षक’ पुस्तकों का महत्त्व’ हो सकता है।

(ख) प्रस्तुत गद्यांश में पुस्तकों को मस्तिष्क का सर्वोत्तम भोजन मानने का अर्थ यह हुआ कि पुस्तकें पढ़ने से मस्तिष्क को एक नई ऊर्जा मिलती है, एक नई शक्ति मिलती है, जिसके कारण व्यक्ति अपने अन्य सभी कार्यों को सही ढंग से संपन्न कर पाता है। यदि शरीर को भोजन न मिले, तो शरीर शिथिल और रुग्ण हो जाता है। इसी तरह यदि मस्तिष्क को भी उचित खुराक नहीं मिलेगी, तो वह शिथिल हो जाएगा, रुग्ण हो जाएगा। यही कारण है कि कई लोग पुस्तकें पढ़ने को ही अपने मनोरंजन का साधन मानते हैं।

(ग) अध्ययन करते समय मनुष्य उच्च मनोदशा में पहुँच जाता है। जहाँ वह अपने जीवन की चिंताओं एवं दुःखों को भूल जाता है। वह आनंद की एक ऐसी दुनिया में पहुँच जाता है, जहाँ सांसारिक यथार्थ की उसे कोई सुध नहीं होती। वह अपने व्यक्तित्व एवं सत्ता को भूलकर अध्ययन की विषय-वस्तु के साथ इतना एकाकार हो जाता है कि कुछ समय के लिए उसका बाहरी दुनिया से नाता टूट जाता है। इस समूची प्रक्रिया में उसे अपार सुख प्राप्त होता है।

(घ) समाचार-पत्र के माध्यम से वर्तमान घटनाओं तथा देश-दुनिया में घटित होने वाली विभिन्न घटनाओं एवं क्रियाकलापों के विषय में जानकारी प्राप्त होती है। यदि समाचार-पत्रों का अध्ययन नहीं किया जाए, तो व्यक्ति कूप-मंडूक अर्थात् कुएँ का मेंढक बनकर रह जाएगा। वह अपने घर को ही दुनिया समझकर शेष दुनिया से अलग हो जाएगा। यह स्थिति उसके व्यक्तित्व एवं जीवन के विकास के लिए अत्यंत घातक सिद्ध होगी।

(ङ) साहसिक साहित्य मनुष्य में व्याप्त साहसिक कार्य करने की भावना को और अधिक उभार देता है। साहसिक पुस्तकें व्यक्ति के मन में साहस एवं निर्भीकता की भावना पैदा करती हैं। व्यक्ति एक नए उत्साह एवं प्रेरणा से भर जाता है और उच्च आकांक्षाओं की पूर्ति हेतु प्रयासरत् हो जाता है।

(च) लेखक के अनुसार, खाली समय को आनंद से बिताने का सबसे अच्छा साधन उपन्यास है, क्योंकि शाम के समय या यात्रा के दौरान उपन्यास पढ़ने से बेहतर कोई मनोरंजन नहीं है। इसके पाठन से पाठक कुछ समय के लिए अपने व्यक्तित्व और सत्ता को ही भूल जाता है। वह उपन्यास के किसी चरित्र के साथ एकाकार हो जाता है, जिससे उसे अपार सुख की प्राप्ति होती है।

(छ) गद्यांश का केंद्रीय भाव पुस्तकों के महत्त्व पर प्रकाश डालना है। लेखक ने पुस्तकों की तुलना भोजन से करते हुए उसे मस्तिष्क के लिए अनिवार्य माना है। पुस्तक पढ़ने से मनुष्य को कई लाभ होते हैं। पुस्तकें मनुष्य में साहस और निर्भीकता की भावना पैदा करती हैं।

(ज) पाठ्य-पुस्तक पढ़ने एवं सामान्य पुस्तक पढ़ने में सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण अंतर यह है कि पाठ्य-पुस्तक के साथ अनिवार्यता की भावना जुड़ जाती है, जबकि सामान्य पुस्तकों के अध्ययन में ऐसी कोई बात नहीं होती। पाठ्य-पुस्तक अनिवार्य होने के कारण उपयोगी हो सकती है, लेकिन उसके प्रति पाठक की रुचि कम हो जाती है, जबकि सामान्य पुस्तकों के अध्ययन में पाठक की स्वाभाविक रूप से अधिक रुचि बनी रहती है।

उत्तर 2.
(क) प्रस्तुत काव्यांश में स्वर्ण घन पूँजीपति वर्ग के कुचक्र अथवा षड्यंत्र का प्रतीक है, उसके द्वारा शोषित वर्ग पर अत्याचार किया जा रहा है।

(ख) प्रस्तुत कविता का वर्ण्य-विषय पूँजीपति वर्ग तथा शोषित वर्ग के बीच के संघर्ष को उजागर करना है।

(ग) पूँजीपतियों के क्रूर अत्याचारों से त्रस्त होने के कारण जब शोषित वर्ग की आँखों से रक्त मिश्रित अश्रु बहकर भूमि पर गिरते हैं, तब मिट्टी से सोंधी-सोंधी गंध उठने लगती है।

(घ) प्रस्तुत कविता का नायक शोषित वर्ग का प्रतिनिधित्व करने वाला एक मज़दूर है। उसी ने अपने हाथों से भूमि पर अपने बीज गाड़े हैं और उन बीजों से सहस्रों मज़दूरों अर्थात् सर्वहारा वर्ग के सदस्यों का जन्म होता है।

(ङ) प्रस्तुत काव्य पंक्ति का आशय यह है कि पूँजीपति द्वारा एक मज़दूर के साथ क्रूर व्यवहार किया जा रहा है, जिससे उसकी शुष्क आँखों से रक्त मिश्रित आँसू निकलकर भूमि पर गिरने लगते हैं।

उत्तर 3.

(क) कन्या भ्रूण हत्या

गर्भस्थ शिशु के लिंग की जाँच कराकर कन्या भ्रूण होने की स्थिति में उसकी हत्या करना कन्या भ्रूण हत्या कहलाती है। कन्या भ्रूण हत्या आज एक ऐसी अमानवीय समस्या का रूप धारण कर चुकी है, जो कई और गंभीर समस्याओं की भी जड़ है। इसके कारण महिलाओं की संख्या दिन-प्रतिदिन घट रही है। जिसके फस्वरूप वर्ष 2011 की जनगणना के अनुसार, भारत को लिंगानुपात प्रति हज़ार पुरुषों पर 940 महिलाएँ हैं। भारत में कन्या भ्रूण हत्या के कई कारण हैं। कन्या भ्रूण हत्या का एक बड़ा कारण दहेज प्रथा है। लोग लड़कियों को पराया धन समझने तथा उसके विवाह में दहेज देने के लिए बाध्य होने के कारण इस सामाजिक अभिशाप को बढ़ावा देने लगे हैं। निर्धनता एवं अशिक्षा महत्त्वपूर्ण कारण होते हुए भी पर्याप्त कारण नहीं हैं। आजकल शिक्षित एवं आर्थिक रूप से समृद्ध परिवारों में भी कन्या भ्रूण हत्या की घटनाएँ सामान्य रूप से देखी जा रही हैं और इसके पीछे कारण है-वंश परंपरा का निर्वाह करने संबंधी मान्यता एवं सोच या मानसिकता। पढ़े-लिखे लोगों में भी यह धारणा व्याप्त है कि वंश पुरुष से ही चलता है। समाज को अपनी यह रूढ़िवादी मानसिकता बदलनी होगी अन्यथा जब पुरुषों को जन्म देने वाली माँ ही नहीं रहेगी, तो पुरुषों का अस्तित्व कैसे बच सकेगा? कन्या भ्रूण हत्या सामाजिक एवं नैतिक दृष्टि से एक अमानवीय कृत्य है, जिसे रोका जाना अत्यंत आवश्यक है। इसके लिए लोगों को शिक्षित एवं जागरूक करना अनिवार्य है। कोई भी कानून तब तक कारगर नहीं हो सकता है, जब तक उसे जनसामान्य का सहयोग न प्राप्त हो। इसमें सरकारी एवं गैर-सरकारी संगठनों की भी भूमिका अत्यंत महत्त्वपूर्ण है। कन्या भ्रूण हत्या की सामाजिक कुरीति को रोकने में मीडिया की भूमिका अत्यधिक उल्लेखनीय है। आज आवश्यकता इस बात की है कि समाज के सभी पक्ष इस संबंध में अपने दायित्व को समझें तथा इस भीषण सामाजिक कलंक को समाप्त करने में प्रत्येक नागरिक अपना सहयोग दे।

(ख) नारी समाज के सम्मुख चुनौतियाँ

नारी ईश्वर की सर्वश्रेष्ठ कृति है। यह धैर्य, सहिष्णुता तथा सृष्टि की जीती-जागती प्रतिमूर्ति है। अनेक कष्टों को झेलती-सहती नारी मनुष्यता का नया इतिहास प्रतिदिन रचती है, किंतु समाज से उसे प्रेम तथा रागात्मकता के बदले केवल कष्ट ही मिलता है। नारियों की स्थिति समाज में उनकी गरिमा के अनुरूप नहीं है। वे शोषित तथा प्रताड़ित हैं। नारी-समाज के समक्ष कई चुनौतियाँ हैं, जिसके निवारण के बिना सामाजिकता के निर्माण की संकल्पना को पूरा करना संभव नहीं। भारत में नारियों की स्थिति चिंताजनक है। समाज में अंतर्निहित कुरीतियों, रूढ़ियों तथा अंध-आस्थाओं का केंद्र महिलाओं को बनाया गया है। उनकी शिक्षा तथा उन्नति की ओर कम ध्यान दिया जाता है। पितृप्रधान समाज में विभेद का आधार पारिवारिक ढाँचा ही है।

‘दहेज प्रथा’ एक ऐसी सामाजिक विकृति है, जो नारियों के समक्ष प्रमुख चुनौती के रूप में आई है। विवाह के समय लड़की के पिता अथवा परिजनों से मोटी रकम की माँग की जाती है। दहेज की माँग समाज की सबसे असंगत माँग है, जो विवाह के बाद युवती के जीवन को नारकीय बना देती है।

शिक्षा तथा पोषण के स्तर पर पुरुष तथा महिलाओं के बीच भारी अंतर है। लड़कियों को घर के काम-काज से जोड़ दिया जाता है। उनकी पढ़ाई-लिखाई यां तो कराई नहीं जाती अथवा बीच में ही छुड़ा दी जाती है। नौकरी-पेशा इत्यादि में महिलाओं की संख्या पुरुषों के मुकाबले काफ़ी कम है। राजनीति के क्षेत्र में भी पुरुषों ने ही अपना वर्चस्व बना रखा है।

नारी समाज के समक्ष अनेक चुनौतियाँ हैं, लेकिन नारी ने अपनी प्रतिभा के दम पर अपनी उपस्थिति दर्ज की है। उच्चस्थ पदों पर अब उनकी नियुक्तियाँ हो रही हैं। खेल के मैदानों से लेकर राजनीति के गलियारों तक महिलाओं ने अपनी भूमिका को पूरी क्षमता के साथ निभाया है। बावजूद इसके आज भी यह आधी आबादी अपने अधिकार को प्राप्त करने में पूर्णतः सक्षम नहीं हुई है। चुनौतियाँ अत्यधिक हैं, किंतु आने वाले समय में महिलाओं की भूमिका निर्णायक होगी, ऐसी अपेक्षा की जा सकती है।

(ग) जल संरक्षण

कहा जाता है–जल ही जीवन है। जल के बिना न तो मनुष्य का जीवन संभव है और न ही वह किसी कार्य को संचालित कर सकता है। जल मानव की मूल आवश्यकता है। यूँ तो पृथ्वी के धरातल को 71% भाग जल से भरा है, किंतु इनमें से अधिकतर हिस्से का पानी खारा अथवा पीने योग्य नहीं है। पृथ्वी पर मनुष्य के लिए जितना पेयजल विद्यमान है, उसमें से अधिकतर अब प्रदूषित हो चुका है, इसके कारण ही पेयजल की समस्या उत्पन्न हो गई है।

जल-संकट के कई कारण हैं। पृथ्वी पर जल के अनेक स्रोत हैं; जैसे-वर्षा जल, नदियाँ, झील, पोखर, झरने, भूमिगत जल इत्यादि। पिछले कुछ वर्षों में सिंचाई एवं अन्य कार्यों के लिए भूमिगत जल के अत्यधिक प्रयोग के कारण भूमिगत जल के स्तर में गिरावट आई है। औद्योगीकरण के कारण नदियों का जल प्रदूषित होता जा रहा है। इन्हीं कारणों से पेयजल की समस्या उत्पन्न हो गई है।

मनुष्य ने अपने स्वार्थ के लिए प्रकृति का संतुलन बिगाड़ा है और अपने लिए भी खतरे की स्थिति उत्पन्न कर ली है। अब प्रकृति का श्रेष्ठतम प्राणी होने के नाते उसका कर्तव्य बनता है कि वह जल-संकट की समस्या के समाधान के लिए जल-संरक्षण पर ज़ोर दे। जल-संकट को दूर करने के लिए जल के अनावश्यक खर्च से बचना चाहिए। जल के उपयोग को कम करने एवं उसके संरक्षण के लिए जनसंख्या पर नियंत्रण भी आवश्यक है।

वृक्ष वर्षा लाने एवं पर्यावरण में जल के संरक्षण में सहायक होते हैं। इसके अतिरिक्त वृक्ष वायुमंडल में नमी बनाए रखते हैं और तापमान की वृद्धि को भी रोकते हैं। अतः जल-संकट के समाधान के लिए वृक्षों की कटाई पर नियंत्रण कर वृक्षारोपण को प्रोत्साहित करने की आवश्यकता है। वृक्षारोपण से पर्यावरण के प्रदूषण को भी कम किया जा सकता है।

(घ) शिक्षा का अधिकार

किसी भी देश के शिक्षित नागरिक ही उस देश को नई ऊँचाइयों तक पहुँचाने में सक्षम होते हैं।

शिक्षा के महत्त्व को देखते हुए भारत सरकार ने सभी के लिए शिक्षा को अनिवार्य करने के उद्देश्य से शिक्षा का अधिकार अधिनियम पारित किया। वर्ष 2002 में संविधान के 86वें संशोधन द्वारा अनुच्छेद 21 ए के भाग 3 के माध्यम से 6 से 14 वर्ष तक के सभी बच्चों को मुफ्त एवं अनिवार्य शिक्षा उपलब्ध करने का प्रावधान किया गया तथा 1 अप्रैल, 2010 से इसे पूरे देश में लागू किया और इसी के साथ भारत, शिक्षा को मौलिक अधिकार का दर्जा देने वाला विश्व का 135वाँ देश बन गया।

‘शिक्षा का अधिकार’ अपने आप में भी एक प्रगतिवादी दृष्टिकोण को दर्शाता है। इसका मुख्य उद्देश्य प्रारंभिक शिक्षा से संबंधित है। यह अधिकार 6 से 14 वर्ष तक की आयु के सभी बच्चों के लिए 8वीं कक्षा तक मुफ़्त व अनिवार्य शिक्षा को सुनिश्चित करना है। इस उद्देश्य की पूर्ति के लिए बच्चों से किसी प्रकार का कोई शुल्क नहीं लिया जाएगा और न ही उन्हें शुल्क अथवा किसी खर्च की वजह से आधारभूत शिक्षा से वंचित किया जाएगा। इसके तहत विद्यार्थी-शिक्षक अनुपात (40 : 1) भी निश्चित किया गया है। यह अधिनियम आर्थिक दृष्टि से पिछड़े वर्ग के लिए गैर-सरकारी स्कूलों में 25% सीटों के आरक्षण का प्रावधान भी करता है। कुल मिलाकर यह अधिनियम शिक्षा के केंद्र में बच्चों को संलग्न करता है तथा उन्हें हर प्रकार से गुणवत्तापूर्ण शिक्षा प्रदान करने के लिए प्रतिबद्ध है। शिक्षा का अधिकार अधिनियम की एक अन्य तथा महत्त्वपूर्ण विशेषता यह भी है कि यह माता-पिता तथा अभिभावकों को निर्देश देता है कि वह अपने बच्चों को विद्यालय में प्रवेश दिलवाएँ।

एक ओर जहाँ शिक्षा के अधिकार अधिनियम में अनेक खूबियाँ हैं, वहीं दूसरी ओर इसकी सबसे बड़ी खामी यह है कि इसमें 0-6 वर्ष के आयु वर्ग तथा 14-18 वर्ष के आयु वर्ग के बच्चों पर ध्यान नहीं दिया गया है। इससे कक्षा 8वीं के बाद पढ़ाई जारी रखने वाले विद्यार्थियों के भविष्य पर प्रश्नचिह्न लगता है।

‘शिक्षा का अधिकार अधिनियम शिक्षा के क्षेत्र में सबसे महत्त्वपूर्ण तथा क्रांतिकारी कदम है। आशा है कि आने वाले समय में इस अधिनियम की सहायता से सबको समान रूप से शिक्षा प्राप्ति के अवसर उपलब्ध होंगे और सर्वसाधारण के विकास को अपेक्षित गति प्रदान की जा सकेगी।

उत्तर 4.

पत्र संख्या 53/231/2015
प्रेषक,
उपसचिव,
मानव संसाधन विकास मंत्रालय,
नई दिल्ली।

दिनांक 14 सितंबर, 20××

सेवा में,
शिक्षा सचिव,
उत्तर प्रदेश सरकार,
लखनऊ।

विषय शिक्षण संस्थानों के योगदान संबंधी समिति का गठन्।

महोदय,

उपरोक्त विषय में आपके पत्र संख्या 973/2015 शिक्षा, 12 मई, 20×× के उत्तर में मुझे यह सूचित करने का निर्देश प्राप्त हुआ है कि मंत्रालय द्वारा राष्ट्र की भावात्मक एकता को संवर्धित करने हेतु शिक्षण संस्थानों के योगदान के संबंध में प्रत्येक राज्य में एक-एक समिति गठित करने का निर्णय लिया गया है।

समिति में कम-से-कम 10 सदस्य होने चाहिए, जो शिक्षा एवं जन-सेवा से संबद्ध हों। आप अपने राज्य में ऐसी समिति का गठन कर मंत्रालय को सूचित करने की कृपा करें।

सधन्यवाद!
भवदीय
क.खे.ग.

अथवा

परीक्षा भवन
दिल्ली।

दिनांक 16 अगस्त, 20××

सेवा में,
संपादक महोदय,
दैनिक जागरण,
गाजियाबाद।

विषय भ्रामक विज्ञापन के संबंध में।

महोदय,

विनम्र निवेदन है कि आजकल भ्रामक विज्ञापनों के कारण आम जनता परेशान है। इसी विषय में मेरे विचार प्रकाशित करने की कृपा करें। नि:संदेह आज विज्ञापनों का बोलबाला है। अख़बार, टीवी, रेडियो, समाचार-पत्र, पत्रिकाएँ, दीवारें, गलियाँ, बाज़ार सब विज्ञापनों से भरे पड़े हैं। विज्ञापनों की इस भीड़ में सत्य को छिपाकर असत्यता का भ्रामक प्रचार किया जाता है, जो अपने माल को जितना आकर्षक बनाकर दिखाता है, वह उतना ही अधिक बिकता है। इस तथ्य को जानने के बाद उत्पादकों का सारा ज़ोर अपने माल को उत्तम बनाने में नहीं, बल्कि उसके झूठे-सच्चे प्रचार-प्रसार में लगने लगा। यही कारण है कि आज का उपभोक्ता परेशान है। वह सोचता है कि अमुक साबुन या पाउडर से उसके दाग-धब्बे बिलकुल धुल जाएँगे, किंतु जब मोटी राशि खर्च करके उसे इस्तेमाल करता है, तो निराशा ही हाथ लगती है। वह अपनी इस परेशानी को कहीं कह भी नहीं सकता।

विज्ञापनों के माध्यम से लोगों को धोखा देना ऐसा अपराध है, जिसे आसानी से एक व्यक्ति सिद्ध नहीं कर सकता, न ही यह लड़ाई अकेले लड़ी जा सकती है। इसे रोकने के लिए या तो सरकारें अपने अधिकारियों की सहायता से अथवा सामाजिक संस्थाएँ मिलकर मोर्चा खोल सकती हैं। मेरा सरकार और स्वयंसेवी संस्थाओं से आग्रह है कि भ्रष्टाचार की इस खुली लूट को रोकने के लिए वे सार्थक प्रयास करें, ताकि आम जनता को लूटा न जा सके।

सधन्यवाद।
भवदीय
क.ख.ग.

उत्तर 5.
(क) पत्रकारीय लेखन में पत्रकार पाठकों, दर्शकों व श्रोताओं तक सूचनाएँ पहुँचाने के लिए लेखन के विभिन्न रूपों का इस्तेमाल करते हैं, जबकि साहित्यिक सृजनात्मक लेखन में चिंतन के ज़रिए नई रचना का उद्भव होता है।

(ख) महत्त्वपूर्ण लेखकों के लेखों की नियमित श्रृंखला को स्तंभ लेखन कहा जाता है। इनमें विचारपरक लेख होते हैं।

(ग) इंटरनेट आधुनिक जनसंचार का सबसे सुदृढ़, व्यापक और बहुआयामी माध्यम है। इसके द्वारा कम समय में देश-विदेश की जानकारी को प्राप्त किया जा सकता है। इसमें मुद्रण, ध्वनि, दृश्य आदि सभी संचार माध्यम मिले होते हैं।

(घ) समाचार से संबंधित तथ्य, समाचार की पृष्ठभूमि, समाचार का दूरगामी प्रभाव, घटनाओं के कारणों की व्याख्या, आलोचना, प्रशंसा, सुझाव आदि पर पत्रिका के संपादक द्वारा लिखे गए विचार ‘संपादकीय’ कहलाते हैं।

(ङ) ‘इन डेप्थ रिपोर्ट में सार्वजनिक तौर पर उपलब्ध तथ्यों, सूचनाओं और आँकड़ों की छानबीन करके किसी घटना, समस्या या मुद्दे से जुड़े महत्त्वपूर्ण पहलुओं को सामने लाया जाता है।

उत्तर 6.
महानगरों में अतिक्रमण की समस्या

लोग अपने घरों, दुकानों, दफ्तरों आदि के सामने की ज़मीन पर अवैध निर्माण कर लेते हैं और उस सार्वजनिक ज़मीन को अपने घर, दुकान या दफ़्तर का स्थायी हिस्सा बना लेते हैं। इसी को अतिक्रमण कहते हैं। इस समस्या के लिए लोग व्यक्तिगत रूप से ज़िम्मेदार हैं, परंतु यह बात भी 100% सही है कि इसके कारण सबसे ज्यादा परेशानी भी उन्हीं लोगों को उठानी पड़ती है। इसका नतीजा सबके सामने है। कम व्यस्त जगहों पर भी भारी जाम का सामना करना पड़ता है। इससे उस स्थान से गुज़रने वाले सभी व्यक्तियों का बहुमूल्य समय व्यर्थ में बर्बाद होता है। प्रायः यह देखने-सुनने में आता है कि सरकारी अधिकारी अपनी जेब गरम करने के लिए इस तरह की गतिविधियों को बढ़ावा देते हैं। यदि किसी व्यक्ति को अपने फ्लैट का क्षेत्र बढ़ाना है, तो वह सरकारी अधिकारी को थोड़े पैसे देकर अपना काम करवा लेता है। अतिक्रमण से निपटने के लिए सरकार को कड़ी नज़र रखनी होगी और इस प्रक्रिया में संलग्न व्यक्तियों के प्रति कठोर कदम उठाने होंगे। साथ ही, सभी सरकारी कार्यालयों में पारदर्शिता को बढ़ावा देना होगा और भ्रष्टाचार में लिप्त अधिकारियों को दंडित करना होगा। इस काम में हम दूसरे देशों से सहायता तथा सीख ले सकते हैं।

दिल्ली जैसे महानगर पहले ही जगह की कमी से जूझ रहे हैं, उस पर अतिक्रमण ने रही-सही कसर भी पूरी कर दी है। महानगरों में अतिक्रमण की समस्या आम हो गई है। सरकारी एजेंसियाँ कई बार कठोर कार्रवाई भी करती हैं, किंतु बार-बार चेतावनी जारी किए जाने के बावजूद लोगों की गतिविधियों में बदलाव नहीं आता।

अथवा

प्रसिद्ध साहित्यकार मोहन शकेश द्धारा रचित
नाटक ‘आषाढ़ का एक दिन की समीक्षा

प्रसिद्ध साहित्यकार मोहन राकेश द्वारा लिखित नाटक ‘आषाढ़ का एक दिन’ (वर्ष 1959) हिंदी नाटक-लेखन में एक क्रांतिकारी प्रयोग था, जिसे संगीत नाटक अकादमी का पुरस्कार भी मिला।

‘आषाढ़ का एक दिन’ महान् कवि कुलगुरु कालिदास को केंद्र में रखकर लिखा गया है, लेकिन वस्तुतः कालिदास इस नाटक में एक ऐसे आधुनिक कलाकार का मूर्तिमान रूप हैं, जो अपनी सृजनात्मक समस्याओं से ग्रस्त होने के साथ-साथ राज्यव्यवस्था द्वारा किए गए अपमान से भी क्षुब्ध हैं। ऊपर से देखने में किसी बीते युग का नाटक लगने पर भी उसमें आधुनिक युग के अनेक संदर्भ और ऐसे सुगठित चरित्र हैं, जिनसे सामान्य व्यक्ति का भी तादात्म्य हो सकता है।

‘आषाढ़ का एक दिन’ निःसंदेह एक उच्चस्तरीय नाटक है। इसका प्रदर्शन प्रबुद्ध दर्शकों के समक्ष ही अधिक सार्थक सिद्ध हो सकता है। इस अर्थ में भी नाटक अत्यंत सफल है कि संस्कृतनिष्ठ भाषा का निर्वाह करते हुए भी नाटककार अपनी बात को सामान्य दर्शकों तक पहुँचा सका है। भाषा बाधक न बनकर नाटक की खूबी बन गई है। आधुनिक काल की विडंबनाओं को समझने हेतु चिंतन की प्रचुर सामग्री प्राप्त करने की दृष्टि से यह नाटक अत्यंत समृद्ध है, जिसे एक बार सभी को देखना या पढ़ना चाहिए।

उत्तर 7.
किशोर और अपराध

हमारे देश में कानूनी रूप से अठारह वर्ष से अधिक आयु के व्यक्ति को वयस्क और इससे कम आयु वाले को किशोर माना गया है। हर देश में किशोरों की आयु अलग-अलग निर्धारित की गई है, हमारे देश में यह आयु 18 वर्ष तक है। बीते दिनों में कुछ संगठनों ने इसका विरोध करते हुए कहा कि किशोर आयु घटाकर 15 वर्ष कर देनी चाहिए। इस तरफ अवश्य ही ध्यान दिया जाना चाहिए कि अचानक ही किशोर आयु को तीन वर्ष घटाकर 15 वर्ष करने की माँग क्यों की गई है। यदि आप नियमित रूप से समाचार-पत्र का अध्ययन करते हैं, तो संभवतः इसका कारण समझने में आपको देर नहीं लगेगी। गंभीर श्रेणी के अंतर्गत आने वाले अपराधों में किशोरों की सक्रियता बहुत बढ़ गई है। कई बार उनके द्वारा किए गए अपराध पूरे समाज को न केवल दहलाकर रख देते हैं, बल्कि यह सोचने के लिए मजबूर कर देते हैं कि इसको कारण क्या है? आखिर क्या वजह है कि हमारे नैतिक मूल्य इतने कमजोर और प्रभावहीन हो रहे हैं? क्यों हमारे देश में बच्चे समय से पहले बड़े हो रहे हैं? निस्संदेह हमारे देश में बच्चे समय से पहले परिपक्वता की ओर बढ़ रहे हैं। इसका कारण यह है कि वैश्वीकरण के इस दौर में पुराने नैतिक मूल्य टूट रहे हैं, लेकिन उनकी जगह नए मूल्यों की संरचना नहीं हो पा रही है। कंप्यूटर, इंटरनेट, मोबाइल फ़ोन आदि के आने से उनका क्रियाक्षेत्र अपेक्षाकृत बहुत बढ़ गया है, जिससे वे स्वयं ही अपने मूल्यों का निर्माण कर रहे हैं। माता-पिता इसे समझ नहीं पा रहे हैं। पिछले कुछ वर्षों में देखा गया है कि निम्न वर्ग के किशोरों के साथ-साथ, समाज के उच्च वर्ग के शिक्षित माता-पिता की संतानें भी गंभीर अपराधों में लिप्त पाई गई हैं। इससे यह स्पष्ट हो जाता है कि यह समस्या किसी वर्ग विशेष से नहीं, बल्कि पूरे समाज से जुड़ी हुई है।

इस समस्या की गंभीरता को देखते हुए सामाजिक स्तर पर गहन चिंतन और चर्चा की आवश्यकता है, जिससे बच्चों को कम उम्र में ही अपराधों की ओर प्रवृत्त होने से रोका जा सके।

अथवा

मीडिया की विश्वसनीयता पर लगते प्रश्न चिह्न

मीडिया को लोकतंत्र का चौथा स्तंभ माना जाता है। विश्व के महान् सम्राट नेपोलियन ने कहा था

”मैं लाखों संगीनों की अपेक्षा तीन विरोधी
समाचार-पत्रों से अधिक डरता हूँ।”

अर्थ और विज्ञान के इस दौर की यह कड़वी सच्चाई है कि आज पत्रकारिता, सेवा से ज़्यादा व्यवसाय बन गई है। इलेक्ट्रॉनिक मीडिया में ग्लैमर और पीत पत्रकारिता में वृद्धि होने से मीडिया का स्तर दिनों-दिन गिरता जा रहा है। इधर कुछ वर्षों से धन देकर समाचार प्रकाशित करवाने एवं व्यावसायिक लाभ के अनुसार समाचारों को प्राथमिकता देने की घटनाओं में भी तेज़ी से वृद्धि हुई है। फलस्वरूप इनकी विश्वसनीयता पर भी प्रश्न उठने शुरू हो गए हैं। इसका कारण यह है कि भारत के अधिकतर समाचार-पत्रों एवं न्यूज़ चैनलों का स्वामित्व किसी-न-किसी स्थापित उद्यमी घराने के पास है।

जनहित एवं देशहित से अधिक इन्हें अपने उद्यमों के हित की चिंता रहती है, इसलिए ये अपने हितों को प्राथमिकता देते हैं। सरकार एवं विज्ञापनदाताओं का प्रभाव भी समाचार-पत्रों एवं टेलीविज़न प्रसारण में देखा जा सकता है। प्रायः समाचार-पत्र अपने विज्ञापनदाताओं के विरुद्ध कुछ छापने से बचते हैं। इस प्रकार की पत्रकारिता किसी भी देश के लिए घातक है। पत्रकारिता, व्यवसाय से कहीं अधिक सेवा है। व्यावसायिक प्रतिबद्धता पत्रकारिता के मूल्यों को नष्ट करती है। आज पत्रकारिता के माध्यम से आर्थिक हितों को साधने वाले लोग जिम मॉरिसन की इस पंक्ति को गलत अर्थों में प्रयोग कर रहे हैं-”जनसंचार माध्यम पर नियंत्रण करना बुद्धि पर नियंत्रण करना है।”

आज आवश्यकता है स्वतंत्रता सेनानी, कवि व पत्रकार श्री माखनलाल चतुर्वेदी की कही गई उस बात को व्यवहार में लाने की जिसे उन्होंने वर्ष 1925 में ‘कर्मवीर’ के लेख में अंतिम वाक्य के रूप में लिखा था-“प्रभु करे सेवा के इस पथ में मुझे अपने दोषों का पता रहे और आडंबर, अभिमान एवं आकर्षण मुझे पथ से भटका न सके।” सचमुच यदि मीडिया के क्षेत्र में इस आदर्श का सभी लोग अनुसरण करने लगें, तो वह दिन दूर नहीं कि इसे समाज में फिर से पहले की तरह विश्वसनीयता प्राप्त होने लगेगी।

उत्तर 8.
(क) प्रस्तुत पंक्तियों का आशय यह है कि आकाश में काले-कजरारे बादलों की घटा उमड़ी हुई है। ऐसा लगता है मानो साँझ की श्वेत काया सजीव होकर आकाश में तैर रही है। अभिप्राय यह है कि काले बादलों पर संध्याकालीन सूर्य की श्वेत किरणेंपड़ने से साँझ सजीव हो उठी है।

(ख) प्रस्तुत काव्यांश के अनुसार, आकाश में काले-काले बादलों ने अपना डेरा जमा रखा है। इन बादलों के नीचे से गुज़रते बगुलों
की श्रृंखला जादू की तरह कवि को सम्मोहित करती है। इस सौंदर्य के कारण वह स्वयं को माया से बँधा महसूस करता है।

(ग) कवि आकाश में उपस्थित मोहक दृश्य को देखकर उसके जादू से बँध गया है। बादलों के बीच गुज़रते बगुलों की श्रृंखला को । वह अपलक निहारना चाहता है। इस रमणीक सौंदर्य को वह अपनी आँखों से ओझल नहीं होने देना चाहता। इसीलिए कवि इसे तनिक रोके रखने को कहता है।

(घ) काव्यांश का केंद्रीय भाव सौंदर्य है। सौंदर्य का अपेक्षित प्रभाव उत्पन्न करने के लिए कवि ने चित्रात्मक वर्णन को महत्त्व दिया है। यह चित्र तथा कवि के मन पर पड़ने वाला प्रभाव कविता का वर्ण्य-विषय बन गया है। वस्तुगत तथा आत्मगत प्रवृत्तियों के संयोग पाठक को सौंदर्य के स्वाभाविक संसार में प्रवेश दिलाते हैं।

अथवा

(क) तुलसीदास लिखते हैं-‘मॉगि कै खैबो, मसीत को सोइबो’ अर्थात् वे भिक्षावृत्ति से और मस्जिद में सोकर अपना जीवन-निर्वाह करना चाहते हैं। उन्हें लोगों के कुछ भी कहने की परवाह नहीं है, उन्हें किसी से कुछ भी लेना-देना नहीं। वे तो बस जगत पिता श्रीराम के दास हैं।

(ख) तुलसीदास ने समाज के प्रति अपना क्षोभ व्यक्त करते हुए कहा है कि चाहे कोई मुझे धूर्त कहे, योगी कहे, राजपूत कहे या जुलाहा कहे अर्थात् किसी भी वर्ग या जाति से जोड़कर देखे, मुझे इसकी कोई चिंता नहीं है, क्योंकि न तो मुझे। किसी की बेटी से अपने बेटे का ब्याह करना है और न ही दूसरों की जाति-बिरादरी में शामिल होकर उसे बिगाड़ना है। वास्तव में, तुलसीदास यहाँ जाति-पॉति पर आधारित सामाजिक व्यवस्था के पोषकों पर गहरा व्यंग्य करते हैं।

(ग) प्रस्तुत कथन के माध्यम से तुलसीदास यह बताना चाहते हैं कि उन्हें न तो किसी की बेटी से अपने बेटे का ब्याह रचाना है। और न किसी की जाति-बिरादरी में शामिल होकर उसे बिगाड़ना है; वे संत हैं, जिसकी कोई समाज निर्मित जाति नहीं होती। उनकी जाति एवं धर्म केवल मनुष्य एवं मनुष्यता है। इस प्रकार, जाति की शुद्धता की बात करने वाले परंपरा के ठेकेदारों पर जिन्होंने समाज को विभिन्न संकीर्ण आधारों पर विभाजित कर रखा है, उनपर तीखी टिप्पणी की है।

(घ) काव्यांश के आधार पर कहा जा सकता है कि तुलसीदास स्वयं को राम का गुलाम अर्थात् दास बताते हैं। वे राम के अनन्य भक्त हैं। वे कहते हैं कि मेरी प्रसिद्धि राम के दास के रूप में ही इस संसार में है। मुझे किसी और से कोई लेना-देना नहीं है, जिसे जो समझ में आए, वह मेरे विषय में कहे। वस्तुतः यह राम के प्रति तुलसीदास जी की अनन्य भक्ति ही है।

उत्तर 9.
(क) शिल्प के स्तर पर कविता विशिष्ट प्रवृत्ति को दर्शाती है। कवि शिल्पों के प्रयोग में सचेत है। नए बिंब, नवीन प्रतीक तथा नए उपमानों के माध्यम से कविता नई चमक के साथ सामने आई है। ‘उषा’ कविता में प्रकृति के परिवेश में होने वाला परिवर्तन मानवीय जीवन का चित्र बनकर सामने आया है। शमशेर ने प्रकृति की गति को बाँधने के लिए अपनी बिंबधर्मिता का कुशल प्रयोग किया है। कवि का चित्रकार मन भी मोम की भॉति पिघलकर शब्दों में फैल गया है।

(ख) कविता की भाषा सहज है, किंतु कविता के अंतर्गत विस्तृत बिंब का सृजन करने के कारण भाषा ध्वन्यात्मक एवं बिंबात्मक बन गई है। देशज तथा तत्सम शब्दों के सुंदर समन्वय के साथ कवि ने कविता को अद्भुत गति प्रदान करने में सफलता पाई है।

(ग) “अभी गीला पड़ा है” पंक्ति का भाव यह है कि सूर्योदय से पहले के आकाश में नमी होती है। ऐसा आभास होता है कि शाम को भोजन बनाने के बाद किसी गृहिणी ने अपने चूल्हे को राख से लीपा हो, जो अब तक गीला है। अत: भाव यह है कि भोर के नभ में सजलता का गुण विद्यमान है।

अथवा

(क) प्रस्तुत काव्यांश में कवि ने समय व्यतीत होने के क्रम में अपने लक्ष्य को प्राप्त करने की आतुरता का चित्रण किया है। प्रियजन से मिलने की आतुरता समय बीतने के साथ प्राणियों की मनोदशा एवं उसकी गतिविधियों को प्रभावित करती है। इसी की अत्यंत सहज एवं मार्मिक अभिव्यक्ति इन पंक्तियों में हुई है।

(ख) काव्यांश की भाषा सहज, सरस एवं प्रभावोत्पादक है। जल्दी-जल्दी’ में पुनरुक्तिप्रकाश अलंकार ‘कौन, किसके’ आदि के प्रयोग के कारण प्रश्नालंकार विद्यमान है। ‘जल्दी-जल्दी’ में ‘ई’ वर्ण की निरंतर आवृत्ति से स्वर-मैत्री उत्पन्न हुई है। काव्यांश में गेयता का गुण है।

(ग) प्रस्तुत काव्यांश में कवि ने अपनी निराशा, उदासी एवं व्यर्थता-बोध के भाव संबंधी मर्म को सफलतापूर्वक स्पर्श किया है। चिड़ियों के अपने बच्चों की चिंता करने में वात्सल्य भाव दृष्टिगोचर होता है। इन पंक्तियों का सहृदय पाठक पर अत्यंत जीवंत प्रभाव पड़ता है।

उत्तर 10.
(क) प्रस्तुत काव्य-पंक्ति में कवि ने’और’ शब्द का प्रयोग तीन अर्थों में किया है। इस शब्द की अपनी ही विशेषता है, जिसे विशेषण के रूप में प्रयुक्त किया गया है। मैं और’ का अर्थ है कि मेरा अस्तित्व बिलकुल अलग है। मैं तो कोई अन्य ही अर्थात् विशेष व्यक्ति हूँ। ‘जग और’ से आशय है कि यह जगत भी कुछ अलग ही है। इन दोनों के बीच प्रयुक्त तीसरे ‘और’ का अर्थ है-के साथ अर्थात् यह दोनों को संयुक्त करने वाला पद है। कवि कहता है कि जब मैं और मेरा अस्तित्व बिलकुल अलग है, यह जगत भी बिलकुल अलग है, तो मेरा इस जगत के साथ संबंध कैसे स्थापित हो सकता है? यहाँ यमक अलंकार का चमत्कार प्रदर्शित हुआ है। कवि ने आश्चर्य व्यक्त करते हुए कहा है कि इस संसार से आसक्ति की बात तो सोची भी नहीं जा सकती है।

(ख) पुरुषोत्तम श्रीराम अपने अनुज लक्ष्मण से अत्यधिक स्नेह करते थे। उन्हें मूर्च्छित देखकर वे विलाप करने लगते हैं। वे लक्ष्मण के वन आने का कारण स्वयं को मानते हुए स्वयं को ही इस दुर्घटना के लिए दोषी मानते हैं। वे नारी-हानि को भ्रातृ-हानि से कमतर मानते हैं। लक्ष्मण को बिछड़ते देखकर राम आत्मग्लानि एवं शोक से भर जाते हैं। वे स्वयं को शक्तिहीन-सा महसूस कर रहे हैं। इन सभी अवतरणों के आधार पर स्पष्टतः कहा जा सकता है कि राम और लक्ष्मण के स्नेह संबंध अद्वितीय हैं।

(ग) कवि रचना एवं साहित्य के संदर्भ में ‘क्षण की रोपाई’ तथा ‘अनंतता की कटाई’ की बात करता है। जिस प्रकार कृषि में फ़सल की रोपाई और कटाई की जाती है, उसी प्रकार साहित्य क्षेत्र में कवि किसी क्षण विशेष में उपजे मन के भावों को आधार ग्रहण करके अपनी रचना को मूर्त रूप देता है। एक क्षण का वह समय कालांतर में कालजयी साहित्यिक कृति का रूप ग्रहण करती है, जो अपने प्रभाव के स्तर पर काल की सीमाओं का अतिक्रमण कर निरंतर जीवन-रस प्रदान करती रहती है।

उत्तर 11.
(क) ढोल की आवाज़ लुट्टन सिंह के शरीर में बिजली जैसी सिहरन दौड़ा देती थी। उसका मन ढोल की ताल पर कुश्ती का प्रदर्शन करने के लिए उतावला हो जाता था। वह कुश्ती के लिए मचलने लगता था।

(ख) कुश्ती के दंगल में लुट्टन सिंह चाहता था कि वह कुश्ती लड़े तथा अन्य पहलवानों को चित्त कर दे, परंतु राजा साहब इसकी आज्ञा नहीं देते थे, इसलिए वह निराश ही रह जाता था।

(ग) राजा साहब जानते थे कि लुट्टन सिंह का सामना करने की शक्ति किसी भी पहलवान में नहीं है, बावजूद इसके वह उसे कुश्ती लड़ने की आज्ञा इसलिए नहीं देते थे, क्योंकि वह राज पहलवान था। यदि किसी भी कारण वह पराजित हो जाता, तो राजा साहब को शर्मिंदा होना पड़ता और पहलवान लुट्टन को भी हमेशा ग्लानि रहती।

(घ) राजा साहब जब लुट्टन सिंह को कुश्ती लड़ने की आज्ञा नहीं देते थे, तो वह निराश होकर कुश्ती के लिए लंगोट पहनकर मैदान में मिट्टी से ही कुश्ती लड़ता रहता। मिट्टी को कभी वह अपने शरीर पर मलता, तो कभी उछल-उछलकर उसके साथ खेलता रहता। इन्हीं सब गतिविधियों को देखकर राजा साहब मुस्कुराते रहते।

उत्तर 12.

(क) लेखक बाज़ार को एक जादू के रूप से देखता है। वह कहता है कि जिस प्रकार चुंबक का जादू लोहे पर ही चलता है, वैसे ही इस जादू का असर तब भरपूर मात्रा में होता है, जब व्यक्ति की जेब भरी हो और मन खाली हो या फिर जेब खाली हो और मन भरा न हो। यदि मन खाली है, तो अनेक प्रकार की वस्तुएँ व्यक्ति को आमंत्रित करती रहेंगी। यह सब बाज़ार के जादू का ही असर है। लेखक ने जादू की जकड़ से बचने के लिए बिलकुल सही रास्ता बताया है कि व्यक्ति को बाज़ार तभी जाना चाहिए, जब उसे अपनी आवश्यकता के बारे में पूर्ण जानकारी हो, बिलकुल भगत जी की तरह, क्योंकि अपनी आवश्यकता का ज्ञान होने पर ही हम बाज़ार को तथा बाज़ार हमें, दोनों एक-दूसरे को सच्चा लाभ दे पाएँगे।

(ख) फ़िल्म कला को लोकतांत्रिक बनाने का अर्थ है-फ़िल्म सामान्य लोगों के लिए उपयोगी बनाना यानी सामान्य लोगों की अनुभूति को प्रकट करना अर्थात् किसी विशेष वर्ग या वर्ण का प्रतिनिधित्व न करना| लोकतांत्रिक कला अधिक-से-अधिक जनसामान्य को प्रभावित एवं प्रसन्न करती है। चार्ली ने ऐसा ही किया। चार्ली चैप्लिन की फ़िल्में किसी भी वर्ग या वर्ण के लोगों को समान रूप से प्रभावित करती थीं, जबकि अन्य फ़िल्मों के विशेष दर्शक वर्ग हुआ करते हैं। चार्ली एक ऐसे कलाकार थे, जो वर्ग एवं वर्ण की सीमा को तोड़कर अपनी फ़िल्मों में अभिनय करते थे। यहाँ तक कि उनकी फ़िल्में देश की सीमा को भी लॉघ गईं। उन्होंने सिर्फ मानव जाति की भावनाओं को तरजीह दी तथा करुण एवं हास्य का सम्मिश्रण करके मूल मानवीय भावनाओं को जीवंत बनाए रखा।

(ग) वर्षा, पानी, बैल, भोजन सबका पारस्परिक संबंध है। वर्षा के रूप में जब पानी मिलता है, तो बैल पानी पीकर खेतों पर जाते हैं। उसके बाद ही फ़सल आने पर सभी को भोजन मिलता है। ग्रीष्म ऋतु की असहनीय लू में प्रत्येक जीव-जंतु और पेड़-पौधे व्याकुल हो जाते हैं। बैल भी प्यासे ही रह जाते हैं और बैलों के काम नहीं करने के कारण ही खेतों में अन्न नहीं उगता है। इसी कारण वर्षा के अभाव में सारी खेती के नष्ट होने का खतरा पैदा हो जाता है। इसलिए इंदर सेना के इस खेल गीत में बैलों की प्यास की बात मुखरित हुई है। लोग इंदर को भेंट करने के लिए पानी देंगे, तभी इंदर भगवान प्रसन्न होंगे। इंदर भगवान के प्रसन्न होने पर ही बैलों की प्यास बुझेगी और सुचारु ढंग से खेती हो पाएगी।

(घ) परिवर्तन संसार का नियम है। मनुष्य को समयानुसार परिवर्तन करते रहना चाहिए। मृत्यु तो अटल है, जो लोग समय के साथ चलते हैं, नए को स्वीकार करते हुए अपने जीवन में आगे बढ़ते हैं, उनको समाज भी अपना मानने लगता है और वे कुछ समय के लिए काल के कोड़ों से भी बचे रहते हैं। इसके विपरीत, जो एक ही स्थान पर जमे रहते हैं, उनको समाज भी पुराना, जीर्ण-क्षीण समझकर अस्वीकार कर देता है। जरा (वृद्धावस्था) और मृत्यु अतिपरिचित और अतिप्रामाणिक सत्य है, जिसे सभी को स्वीकार करते हुए जीवन व्यतीत करना चाहिए।

(ङ) जाति-प्रथा को श्रम विभाजन का ही एक रूप मानने से डॉ. आंबेडकर इनकार करते हैं। उनके अनुसार यह विभाजन अस्वाभाविक है, क्योंकि

• यह मनुष्य की रुचि पर आधारित नहीं है।
• इसमें व्यक्ति की क्षमता की उपेक्षा की जाती है।
• यह केवल माता-पिता के सामाजिक स्तर का ध्यान रखती है।
• व्यक्ति के जन्म से पहले ही श्रम विभाजन निर्धारित हो जाना अनुचित है।
• जाति-प्रथा व्यक्ति को जीवनभर के लिए एक ही व्यवसाय से बाँध देती है। व्यवसाय उपयुक्त हो या अनुपयुक्त, व्यक्ति को उसे अपनाने के लिए बाध्य किया जाता है।
• विपरीत परिस्थितियों में भी पेशा बदलने की अनुमति नहीं दी जाती, भले ही किसी को भूखा क्यों न मरना पड़े?

उत्तर 13.
‘सिल्वर वैडिंग’ कहानी में पीढ़ियों के अंतराल की समस्या को समाज के सामने रखा गया है। अंतराल का कारण है कि पुरानी पीढ़ी नए बदलाव को समझना ही नहीं चाहती, स्वीकार करना तो दूर की बात है। पंतजी यानी यशोधर बाबू भी इस बात को मानते हैं कि उनके बच्चे, दुनियादारी उनसे ज़्यादा अच्छी तरह समझते हैं। फिर भी वे पुराने विचारों में रहना पसंद करते हैं। रहन-सहन, पहनावा, आपसी रिश्तेदारी सभी यशोधर जी को अपने पुराने विचारों या सोच के कारण ‘समहाउ इंप्रापर’ ही लगते हैं।

इस पूरी कहानी में नई पीढ़ी और पुरानी पीढ़ी के अंतराल को दर्शाया गया है। इस अंतर को कम करने का एक ही तरीका हैबदलाव। पुरानी पीढ़ी के लोगों को समझना चाहिए कि नई पीढ़ी बदलाव चाहती है। वह संसार में अपने नियमों के साथ जीना चाहती है और नई पीढ़ी को भी पुराने विचारों को उसी सीमा तक बदलना चाहिए, जिससे पुरानी पीढ़ी दुःखी न हो और नई पीढ़ी को उससे लाभ मिले। समय के साथ सामंजस्य करके ही हम स्वयं को तथा अन्यों को प्रसन्न रख सकते हैं।

उत्तर 14.
(क) जब सिंधु सभ्यता की खुदाई हुई, तब वहाँ मिट्टी के बर्तन, सिक्के, मूर्तियाँ, पत्थर और मिट्टी के उपकरण मिले थे। इन चीज़ों का मिलना यह बताता है कि उस समय लोग इन चीज़ों को प्रयोग में लाते थे। सड़कों, नालियों तथा गलियों को साफ़-सुथरा रखना उनकी समझदारी को दर्शाता है। मुअनजोदड़ो के अजायबघर में प्रदर्शित वस्तुओं में भी कलाकृतियाँ हैं, औजार हैं, किंतु कोई हथियार नहीं है। समूची सिंधु सभ्यता में कहीं भी हथियार के दर्शन नहीं होते, जो स्पष्ट संकेत करता है कि शक्ति से इस सभ्यता का संबंध नहीं के बराबर रहा होगा। इसके अतिरिक्त, कहीं भी न तो राजा या सेनापति का कोई चित्र मिलता है और न ही किसी की समाधि। इन सबसे स्पष्ट होता है कि इस सभ्यता में सत्ता का कोई केंद्र नहीं था। राजा या सेना का अस्तित्व अत्यंत संदिग्ध है। अतः यहाँ आत्म अनुशासित राजनीतिक एवं सामाजिक व्यवस्था की संभावना अधिक प्रबल लगती है।

(ख) ऐन फ्रैंक की प्रतिभा एवं धैर्य का परिचय हमें उसकी डायरी से ही मिलता है। उसमें किशोरावस्था का अक्खड़पन कम तथा सहज शालीनता अधिक है, जबकि उसकी अवस्था में अन्य कोई लड़की अपनी विचलित मानसिकता एवं बेचैनी का आभास करा देती। ऐन ने अपने स्वभाव एवं अवस्था पर नियंत्रण पा लिया था। वह एक सकारात्मक, परिपक्व एवं सुव्यवस्थित विचारों वाली लड़की थी, जिसमें अद्भुत सहनशक्ति थी। बुरी लगने वाली अनेक बातों को भी वह शालीन चुप्पी के साथ बड़ों का सम्मान करने के लिए सहन कर जाती थी। पीटर के प्रति अपने अंतरंग भावों को भी वह सहेजकर केवल डायरी में ही व्यक्त करती है। अपनी भावनाओं को वह किशोरावस्था में भी जिस परिपक्वता के साथ नियंत्रित करती है, वह वास्तव में सराहनीय है। इसी परिपक्व सोच का परिणाम उसके डायरी लेखन में सामने आता है। यदि ऐन में सधी हुई परिपक्वता न होती, तो मानव-समाज को तत्कालीन युद्धकाल की यथार्थ दास्तान पढ़ने को प्राप्त नहीं होती।

We hope the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Hindi Paper 2 help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Hindi Paper 2, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 5 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 5.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 5

Board	CBSE
Class	XII
Subject	Chemistry
Sample Paper Set	Paper 5
Category	CBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 5 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Chemistry is given below with free PDF download solutions.

Time Allowed : 3 Hours
Max. Marks : 70

General Instructions

• All questions are compulsory.
• Question number 1 to 5 are very short answer questions and carry 1 mark each.
• Question number 6 to 10 are short answer questions and carry 2 marks each.
• Question number 11 to 22 are also short answer questions and carry 3 marks each.
• Question number 23 is a value based question and carry 4 marks.
• Question number 24 to 26 are long answer questions and carry 5 marks each.
• Use log table, if necessary. Use of calculators is not allowed.

Questions

Question 1.
The limiting ionic conductivity of NH⁺₄ ion and CO^2-₃ ion is 60 S cm² mol^-1 and 80 S cm² mol^-1 respectively. Find the limiting molar conductivity of ammonium carbonate.

Question 2.
Adsorption is an exothermic process. Explain

Question 3.
Write one ion of lanthanoids which acts as an oxidising agent.

Question 4.
During the extraction of Cu from low grade copper ore, which metal may be used to reduce copper ion to give Cu?

Question 5.
Write the formula of the co-ordination compound- Diammine dimethanamine dicarbonyl platinum (IV) chloride.

Question 6.
Analysis shows that iron oxide has the formula Fe_0.93 O_1.00 What fraction of Fe exists as Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions?

Question 7.
Account for the following:

1. Ferric hydroxide sol coagulates on addition of aqueous solution of K₂SO₄.
2. A delta is formed at the point where river water enters the sea.

Question 8.

1. Why do copper matte put in silica lined converter during the extraction of iron from its ore?
2. What is the role of cryolite in the metallurgy of aluminium?

OR
Write down the reactions taking place in different zones in the blast furnace during the extraction of iron.

Question 9.
Complete the following reactions:
(a) MnO^–₄ + H₂S \(\underrightarrow { { H }^{ + } } \)
(b) Cr₂O^2-₇ + NO^–₂ \(\underrightarrow { { H }^{ + } } \)

Question 10.
Discuss briefly the role of co-ordination compounds in:

1. Analytical chemistry
2. Medicinal chemistry

Question 11.
Explain the following terms:

1. Frenkel defect
2. Ferrimagnetism
3. Paramagnetism

Question 12.

1. Define reverse osomosis.
2. What happens when a peeled egg is placed in a 10% aqueous solution of NaCl?
3. Why do mechanics suggest to add coolant in car radiators instead of pure water?

Question 13.
Three electrolytic cells A, B & C containing molten NaNO₃, ZnSO₄ and AlF₃ repectively are connected in series. A steady current of 5 ampere flows through cells until 1.15 g of sodium is deposited at the cathode of the cell ‘A’. How long did the current flow? What mass of Zn & Al were deposited in the respective cells?

Question 14.
Calculate the freezing point of an aqueous solution having 10.5 g MgBr₂ (90% dissociated) in 200 g water
(Molar mass of MgBr₂ = 184 g/mol & K_f = 1.86 K Kg mol^-1).
OR
Henry’s law constant for CO₂ dissolving in water is 1.67 × 10⁸ Pa at 298 K. Calculate the quantity of CO₂ in 360 g of soda water when packed under 2.5 atm of CO₂ pressure at 298 K.

Question 15.
Account for the following:

1. Transition metals acts as good catalyst.
2. The enthalpy of atomisation is minimum for zinc in 3d series of transition metals.
3. For titanium +4 oxidation state is more stable as compared to +2 & +3 states.

Question 16.
(a) Write chemical reactions for the preparation of n-hexane from propan-1-ol.
(b) What are ambidient nucleophiles? Explain with a suitable example.
(c) p-dichlorobenzene has higher melting point as compared to its ortho & meta isomer.

Question 17.
Explain the following name reactions with suitable chemical reactions:
(a) Wurtz fitting reaction
(b) Reimer-Tiemann reaction
(c) Friedel craft acetylation

Question 18.

1. How do you explain the amphoteric behaviour of amino acids?
2. Which base of DNA is not present in RNA?
3. On reaction with which compound D-glucose will produce n-hexane?

Question 19.
(a) Write the monomer of a condensation homopolymer.
(b) What are monomeric units of PHBV?
(c) Name an elastomer.

Question 20.
Name the class of drugs for each of the following:

1. Biothional
2. Morphine
3. Iproniazid

Question 21.
(a) Distinguish the following pairs with suitable chemical test:
(i) Anisole and phenol
(ii) Propan-l-ol and ethanol
(b) Phenol on reaction with dilute HNO₃ yields ortho & para nitrophenol, give reason

Question 22.
Explain the following:
(a) pK_b of aniline is more than that of methylamine.
(b) Methylamine in water reacts with ferric chloride to precipitate hydrated ferric oxide.
(c) Aniline cannot be prepared by Gabriel phthalimide reaction.

Question 23.
A businessman Mr. Ram Naresh was planing to start a copper extraction plant from copper pyrite ore. His son Raman a class XII student of science stream suggested him to start a sulphuric acid manufacturing plant side by side. Answer the following questions according to the above paragraph.

1. Write the molecular formula of copper pyrite.
2. Which gas is released during the process of extraction of Cu?
3. Why did Raman suggested for setting of sulphuric acid plant?
4. What are the values associated with Raman’s suggestion?

Question 24.
(a) Write IUPAC name of

(b) Explain the mechanism of nucleophilic addition reaction for a carbonyl compound.
(c) There are two -NH₂ groups in semicarbazide, however, only one is involved in the formation of semicarbazone. Explain.
(d) Out of phenol and carboxylic acids which is more acidic and why?
(e) Give chemical reaction for Ketal formation.
OR
Fill in the blanks:

(d) Arrange according to the increase in the given property:

1. HCOOH, CH₃COOH, C₆H₅COOH (Acidic strength)
2. Butanal, Butanone & Butan-1 ol (Boiling point)

Question 25.
(a)

1. XeO₂F₂ + H₂O →
2. NaOH + Br₂ →
3. Zn₃P₂ + H₂O →

(b) Draw shapes of XeF⁺₅ & ICl⁺₄

OR
Give reason for the following:

1. Noble gases are mostly inert.
2. Halogens are strong oxidising agents.
3. F₂ is more reactive than Cl₂.
4. Phosphorous shows greater tendency for catenation than nitrogen.
5. SeF₆ easily get hydrolysed as compared to SF₆.

Question 26.
(a) Thermal decomposition of methanoic acid is a first order reaction with a rate constant of 2.4 × 10^-1 s^-1 at a certain temperature. Calculate how long will it take for three fourth of the initial quantity of it to decompose.
(b) Write the order of reaction for the following reactions if K is given as

1. 2 × 10^-4 s^-1
2. 3.8 × 10^-2 mol dm^-3 s^-1

OR
(a) The rate constant for the first order decomposition of H₂O₂ is given by the following equation:
log K = 14.34 – 1.25 × 10⁴ K/T
Calculate E_a for this reaction and at what temperature will its half life period be 256 minutes?
(b) Mention the factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction.

Answers 

Answer 1.

= 2 × 60 + 80 = 200 S cm² mol^-1

Answer 2.
Adsorption is a phenomenon of attracting and retaining the molecules of a substance on the surface of a liquid or solid, leading to higher concentration on the surface as compared to bulk. Such force of attraction leads to the release in energy as well as the decrease in kinetic energy of free molecules. As a result adsorption is an exothermic process.

Answer 3.
Ce⁴⁺.

Answer 4.
Iron metal in the form of iron scraps.

Answer 5.
[Pt(NH₃)₂(CH₃NH₂)(CO)₂]Cl₄.

Answer 6.
For 100 molecules of Fe_0.93 O_1.00 there will be 93 Fe atoms and 100 oxygen atoms
If Fe²⁺ ions are x then
Fe³⁺ ions = 93 – x
Total charge on x ions of Fe²⁺ and (93 – x) ions of Fe³⁺ will be equal to 200, i.e. the charge on 100 O^2- ions.
Hence 2x + 3(93 – x) = 200
x = 79, i.e. Fe²⁺ ions = 79 and Fe³⁺ ions = 93 – 79 = 14.
% of Fe²⁺ ion = \(\frac { 79 }{ 93 }\) × 100 = 85%
% of Fe³⁺ ion = \(\frac { 14 }{ 93 }\) × 100 = 15%

Answer 7.

1. Fe(OH)₃ sol possesses positive charge on the dispersed phase, which is neutralised by the SO^2-₄ ions of K₂SO₄ and as a result coagulation takes place.
2. River water is a colloidal solution of various types of soil, clay, silt which gets coagulated by the electrolytes (various salts) present in sea water. As a result, silt get deposited at the meeting point of river water and sea in the form of delta.

Answer 8.

1. Copper matte consists of Cu₂S and FeS, which on oxidation in the presence of hot air converts FeS to FeO, which combines with silica, SiO₂ to form the slag (FeSiO₃).
   2FeS + 3O₂ → 2FeO + 2SO₂ ↑
   FeO + SiO₂ → FeSiO₃
2. Role of cryolite:
   • It lowers the melting point of the mixture (Al₂O₃ + Na₃AlF₆) to about 1140 K.
   • It increases the electrical conductivity of the mixture (as compared to the less ionisable Al₂O₃).

OR
Reactions taking place at higher temperature zone (900-1500 K):

• CaCO₃ \(\underrightarrow { heat } \) CaO + CO₂
• C + CO₂ → 2CO
• FeO + CO → Fe + CO₂
• CaO + SiO₂ → CaSiO₃

Reactions taking place at lower temperature zone (500 – 800 K):

• Fe₂O₃ + CO → Fe₃O₄ + Fe₃O₄ + CO₂
• Fe₃O₄ + CO → Fe + CO₂
• Fe₂O₃ + CO → FeO + CO₂

Answer 9.

1. 2MnO^–₄ + 5H₂S + 6H⁺ → 2Mn²⁺ + 5S + 8H₂O
2. Cr₂O^2-₇ + 3NO^–₂ + 8H⁺ → 2Cr³⁺ + 3NO^–₃ + 4H₂O

Answer 10.
In analytical chemistry co-ordination compounds play an important role in both qualitative as well as quantitative analysis:

1. Qualitative analysis : Detection of Cu²⁺ ions by addition of NH₃ to form deep blue complex.
   Quantitative analysis : EDTA is used to find the hardness of water (e.g. metal ions like Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Zn²⁺ Fe²⁺ etc. can be estimated).
2. Medicinal chemistry :
   • Cis platin → [Pt(NH₃)₂ Cl₂] is used for the treatment of cancer.
   • EDTA for complexing with Pb during lead poisoning.

Answer 11.

1. Frenkel defect : It occurs in ionic compounds when there is large difference in the size of cation and anion, smaller ion occupies (get displaced) the interstitial space. In this defect, density of solid and formula does not get changed.
2. Ferrimagnetism : It is observed when the magnetic moments of the domains in the substance are aligned in parallel and antiparallel direction in unequal numbers. These substances are weakly attracted towards the magnetic field.
3. Paramagnetism : Such substances are weakly attracted by a magnet and possesses unpaired electrons. This phenomena of being attracted by magnetic field due to the presence of unpaired electrons is called paramagnetism.

Answer 12.

1. Reverse osmosis : It is the movement of solvent particles from higher concentration of a solution to lower concentration of the solution through a semi-permeable membrane.
2. Peeled egg will start shrinking due to osmosis of water present in the egg that will come out through its membrane.
3. Coolant (ethylene glycol) needs to be added in car radiators to rim the vehicles at higher temperature by elevation of boiling point and in case of hill stations by depression in freezing point that prevents water from freezing

Answer 13.
From question, I = 5 amp, mass of Na = 1.15 g, t = ?
Mass of Zn and Al needs to be calculated from Faraday’s second law.

From Faraday’s first law,
m = ZIt where Z = \(\frac { M }{ nF } \) (Z = Chemical equivalence)
(m = Molar mass, n = change in No. of electrons)
so m = \(\frac { MIt }{ nF } \), 1.15 = \(\frac { 23\times 5\times t }{ 1\times 6500 } \)
t = 965 seconds = 16.08 minutes.

Answer 14.
From question:

OR

Answer 15.

1. Transition metals exhibit variable oxidation state and hence acts as good catalyst.
2. In case of zinc there is no impaired electrons in its valence shell as well as its size is large, so its enthalpy of atomisation is minimum.
3. In Ti⁴⁺, it has noble gas electronic configuration, so +2, and +3 state posses 3d² or 3d¹ configuration which is unstable and +4 oxidation state is quite stable.

Answer 16.

(b) The nucleophile having two nucleophilic centres but at time only one get attached with electrophilic centre. For example -CN can attach through ‘C’ as well as N.
(c) p-dichrobenzene has symmetrical arrangement, hence closer packing of such molecules is possible in solid state as compared to ortho and meta isomer. As a result its melting is higher.

Answer 17.

Answer 18.

1. Amino acids consists of amine group as well as carboxylic group in the same compound, as a result it will be amphoteric in nature.
   
2. Thyonine
3. HI

Answer 19.
(a) Nylon-6 is an example of condensation homopolymer, its monomer is

(b) Monomers of PHBV

(c) Buna-N or Buna-S

Answer 20.

1. Antiseptic (imparts antiseptic property in soaps)
2. Analgesic (steroid-habit forming analgesic)
3. Tranquilizer (Antidepressant drug)

Answer 21.
(a) (i)

Reagent used	Anisole	Phenol
Neutral FeCl3	No dark colour complex formation	Forms dark coloured (Violet grey complex)

(ii)

Reagent	Propan-1-ol	Ethanol
I2 + NaOH + heat	Yellow ppt. does not form	Gives yellow ppt. of CHl3

(b) The OH group present on benzene ring activates it for S_E (substitution, electrophilic) reaction at ortho and para positions due to the following resonance structures, as a result ortho and para substituted nitrophenol will form.

Answer 22.
(a) pK_b of aniline is more, it means it is a weaker base than methyl amine.
In case of aniline due to resonance nitrogen acquires positive charge, hence donation of electron is less likely. Secondly, phenyl group is an electron withdrawing group while methyl group is an electron donating group.

(b) In H₂O, methyl amine gives OH^– ions which reacts with FeCl₃ to give hydrated ferric oxide.

(c) There is partial double bond character in halobenzene, hence it cannot be broken down easily and that is why aromatic amines cannot be prepared by Gabriel phthalimide synthesis.

Answer 23.

1. CuFeS₂
2. SO₂
3. The released SO₂ during this process causes environmental pollution. It is better if it can be used in the preparation of H₂SO₄.
4. Knowledge of science, concern for environment as well as businessman’s thinking:

Answer 24.
(a) 4-Hydroxy-3-oxo cyclohex-5-ene carbaldehyde
(b) Example of a Nucleophilic addition reaction :

(c) The lone pair of electrons on NH₂ group attached to the carbonyl group is involved in resonance and hence is not available for the reaction.

(d) Carboxylic acids are more acidic than phenol, reason being is resonance stabilised structure of carboxylic acids in which negative charge lies on ‘O’ atom. On the other hand, in phenol the negative charge lies on more positive carbon atom, hence contribution of such resonance structures is negligible.

(e) When ketone reacts with two moles of alcohol in the presence of HCl (g) ketal is formed.

OR

(d)

1. C₆H₅COOH < CH₃COOH < HCOOH
2. Butanone < Butanal < Butan-1-ol

Answer 25.
(a)

1. XeO₂F₂ + 2H₂O → XeO₃ + 2HF
2. NaOH + Br₂ → NaBr + NaBrO₃
3. Zn₃P₂ + 6H₂O → 3Zn(OH)₂ + 2PH₃

(b)

OR

1. Noble gases possess completely filled octet electronic configuration and have high ionisation energy, hence they are mostly inert.
2. Halogens have high electron gain enthalpy and high reduction potential, so these are strong oxidising agents.
3. Bond dissociation enthalpy for F₂ is much less than Cl₂, so F₂ is more reactive.
4. P-P single bond is more stronger than N-N single bond. There is lone pair-bond pair repulsions between two nitrogen atoms, hence there is a weaker single bond in phosphorous and much less catenation property.
5. S is sterically surrounded by 6 F atoms, hence cannot approach by lone pair of H₂O, but due to larger size of selenium, hydrolysis is possible.

Answer 26.
(a) From question K = 2.4 × 10^-1 s^-1
If [A]₀ = 1 then [A]_t =1 – 3/4 = \(\frac { 1 }{ 4 } \)
For first order reaction

(b)

1. first order
2. Zero order

OR
(a) From Arrhenius equation

(b)

• Concentration
• Temperature
• Pressure
• Catalyst

We hope the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 5 help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 5, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 7 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 7.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 7

Board	CBSE
Class	XII
Subject	Chemistry
Sample Paper Set	Paper 7
Category	CBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 7 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Chemistry is given below with free PDF download solutions.

Time Allowed : 3 Hours
Max. Marks : 70

General Instructions

• All questions are compulsory.
• Question number 1 to 5 are very short answer questions and carry 1 mark each.
• Question number 6 to 10 are short answer questions and carry 2 marks each.
• Question number 11 to 22 are also short answer questions and carry 3 marks each.
• Question number 23 is a value based question and carry 4 marks.
• Question number 24 to 26 are long answer questions and carry 5 marks each.
• Use log table, if necessary. Use of calculators is not allowed.

Questions

Question 1.
Which of the 3d series element of the transition metals exhibits the largest number of oxidation state?

Question 2.
Write IUPAC name of the following compound:
PhCH = CHCHO

Question 3.
In a reaction, 2A → Products, the concentration of reactant-‘A’ decreases from 0.5 mol L^-1 to 0.4 mol L^-1 in 10 minutes. Calculate the average rate during this time interval.

Question 4.
Write the structure and reaction for preparation of semicarbazone of cylcobutanone.

Question 5.
Write Freundlich’s relation for adsorpion in solution.

Question 6.
Complete the following reactions

1. AgCl (s) + NH₃ (aq) →
2. XeF₂ + H₂O →

OR

1. S + HNO₃ (conc.) →
2. P₄ + NaOH →

Question 7.
Define the following terms:

1. Isotonic solutions
2. Azeotropic solutions

Question 8.
Draw the structures of the following:
(a) IF^–₄
(b) PF⁺₄

Question 9.
For the following reaction,find the standard Gibbs energy.

Question 10.
Write the equation involved in the following reactions:

1. Coupling reaction
2. Ammonolysis

Question 11.
420 g of liquid A (molar mass 140 g mol^-1) was dissolved in 900 g of liquid B (molar mass 180 g mol^-1). The vapour pressure of pure liquid B was found to be 500 torr. Calculate the vapour pressure of pure liquid A and its vapour pressure in the solution, if the total vapour pressure of the solution is 487.5 torr.

Question 12.
The electric resistance of a column of 0.05 mol L^-1 NaOH solution of diameter 1 cm and length 50 cm is 5.55 × 10³ ohm. Calculate its resistivity, conductivity and molar conductivity.

Question 13.
Explain [Fe(CN)₆]^4- and [Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺ are of different colours in dilute solution.

Question 14.
Discuss the effect of temperature and pressure on the physisorption & chemisorption, in case of adsorption of gases on solid surface. Describe its applications in controlling humidity.

Question 15.
The initial concentration of N₂O₅ in the following first order reaction:
N₂O₅ (g) → 2NO₂ (g) + \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) O₂ (g) was 1.24 × 10^-2 mol L^-1 at 318 K
The concentration of N₂O₅ after 60 minutes was 0.20 × 10^-2 mol L^-1. Calculate the rate constant of the reaction at 318 K.

Question 16.
Arrange according to the given instruction in increasing order:
(a) CH₃CH₂CH₂Br, CH₃CH₂ – CH₂ – Cl, CH₂ = CH – CH₂F (for S_N2 reaction)
(b) CH₃ = CH CH(Br) CH₃, CH₃CH₂CH (Br) CH₃, CH₂ = CH – Br (for S_N1 reaction)
(c) C₆H₅Cl, p-C₆H₄Cl(NO₂), C₆H₁₁Cl (cyclohexyl chloride) (for S_E reaction)

Question 17.
Write the reaction involved in the following process:
(a) Leaching of bauxite ore to prepare pure Alumina
(b) Refining of zirconium by Van-Arkel method
(c) Recovery of gold from its leached ore with NaCN solution.

Question 18.
Give the structures of A,B and C in the following reactions

Question 19.
Write the structures of the monomers of the following polymers:
(a) Nylon 6, 6
(b) PHBV
(c) Nylon, 2, 6

Question 20.
Answer the following questions:

1. Why do soap not work in hard water?
2. What are analgesics?
3. What are antacids?

Question 21.
Assign suitable reason for the following:

1. N₂ is less reactive at room temperature.
2. H₂S is less acidic than H₂Te.
3. Halogens are strong oxiding agents.

Question 22.
Carry out the following conversions in not more than 2 steps:
(a) Ethanol to 3-Hydroxybutanal
(b) Benzaldehyde to Benzophenone
(c) Benzaldehyde to 3-phenyl propar -1-ol

Question 23.
Seeing the growing cases of diabetes and depression among young children, Mr. Lugani, the principal of a reputed school organised a seminar in which he invited parents and principals. They all resolved this issue by strictly banning junk food in schools and introducing healthy snacks and drinks like soup, lassi, milk etc. in school canteens. They also decided to make compulsory half an hour of daily physical activities for the students in the morning assembly. After six months Mr. Lugani conducted the health survey in most of the schools and discovered a tremendous improvement in the health of the students. After reading the above passage, answer the following question:

1. What are the values [at least two] displayed by Mr. Lugani?
2. As the student how can you spread awareness about such issues?
3. What are antidepressant drugs? Give one example.
4. Name the sweetening agent used in the preparation of sweets for a diabetic patient.

Question 24.
Account for the following:
(a) La³⁺ (Z = 57) and Lu³⁺ (Z = 71) do not show any colour in the solution.
(b) There are irregularities in the electronic configuration of actinoids.
(c) There is great horizontal similarity in the properties of the transition elements than those of the main group elements.
(d) Write the reactions involved in preparation of KMnO₄ from pyrolusite ore.
OR

1. Compare the chemistry of actinoids with that of lanthanoids with reference to:
   1. atomic size
   2. oxidation state
   3. chemical reactivity
2. Indicate the steps in the preparation of K₂Cr₂O₇ from chromite ore.

Question 25.
(a) Niobium (93 amu) crystallises in bcc structure. Its density is 8.55 g cm^-3. Calculate the atomic radii of niobium.
(b) What are the two main non stoichiometric defects? Name these defects and explain with a suitable example.
OR
(a) What is meant by intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors?
(b) If KCl is doped with 5 × 10^-2 mol % of TlCl₃, what is the concentration of cation vacancies.

Question 26.

(b) Nitration of phenol gives only o and p-product. Give reason
OR
(a) Identify A,B & C:

(b) (i) Anisole is treated with HI, what are the resultant products?
(ii) Write IUPAC name of salicylaldehyde.

Answers

Answer 1.
Mn (Manganese)

Answer 2.
3-Phenyl prop-2-enal

Answer 3.
Rate = \(\frac { 0.4-0.5 }{ 10 } =-\frac { 0.1 }{ 10 } \) = – 0.01 mol L^-1 minute^-1

Answer 4.

Answer 5.

where \(\frac { x }{ m }\) = mass of adsorbate per unit mass of adsorbent m
n = number of layers of adsorption
C = concentration (mol L^-1)
K = Constant for adsorption

Answer 6.

1. AgCl (s) + NH₃ (aq) → [Ag(NH₃)₂]Cl
2. 2XeF₂ + 2H₂O → 2Xe(g) + 4HF + O₂ (g)

OR

1. S + HNO₃ (conc.) → H₂SO₄ + NO₂ + H₂O
2. P₄ + NaOH → PH₃ + NaH₂PO₂

Answer 7.

1. Isotonic solutions : Two solutions having same osmotic pressure at a given temperature are called isotonic solutions.
2. Azeotropic solutions : Some liquids on mixing form azeotropes which are the binary mixtures having the same composition in liquid and in the vapour phase and boils at a constant temperature. Such solutions are known as azeotropic solutions.

Answer 8.

Answer 9.
The reaction is
2Cr(s) + 3Cd²⁺ (aq) → 2Cr³⁺(aq) + 3Cd(s)

= -0.40 V – (- 0.74 V) = + 0.34 V
Change in number of electrons = +6
ΔG° = – nFE°
= -6 × 96500 × 0.34 = 196860 J/mole

Answer 10.

1. Coupling reaction : When benzene diazonium chloride reacts with aniline or phenol, orange azo dye in formed. This reaction is known as coupling reaction.
   
2. Ammonolysis : When alkyl halide reacts with NH₃, amines are formed. Such reactions are known to be ammonolysis.
   C₂H₅Cl + NH₃ → C₂H₅NH₂ + HCl

Answer 11.

Answer 12.

Answer 13.
Fe (28) = [Ar] 3d⁶ 4s²
Fe²⁺ → [Ar] 3d⁶
Arrangement of electrons in [Fe(CN)₆]^4- and [Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺ is as follows:

It does not have any unpaired electron so it is white in colour.

There are 4 unpaired electrons which makes this complex coloured.

Answer 14.
Effect of Temperature on physisorption and Chemisorption : On increasing the temperature, physisorption decreases due to increase in kinetic energy of adsorbate. On the other hand chemisorption increases initially with increase in temperature. The reason being it provides activation energy for the chemical adsorption and after that desorption takes place like physisorption.

Effect of pressure : On increasing the pressure physisorption increases initially with a very fast rate and slowly it decreases.
But in case of chemisorption initial increase in pressure increases the extent of adsorption, but after that the extent of adsorption becomes constant.

Applications of adsorption in controlling humidity : Silica gel adsorbs moisture from air which helps control humidity.

Answer 15.
From question: At 318 K,
At t = 0, [N₂O₅] = 1.24 × 10^-2 mol L^-1
At t = 60 minutes, [N₂O₅] = 0.20 × 10^-2 mol L^-1
Calculate K = ?
For a first order reaction

K = 0.03 min^-1

Answer 16.
(a) CH₃CH₂CH₂-Cl < CH₃CH₂CH₂Br < CH₂ = CH-CH₂F

Answer 17.
(a) Al₂O₃ + NaOH(aq) → Na[Al(OH)₄] (aq)
Na[Al(OH)₄ ] \(\xrightarrow [ { CO }_{ 2 } ]{ dilution }\) Al₂O₃ . xH₂O (s) + NaHCO₃
Al₂O₃ . xH₂O(s) \(\underrightarrow { 1470K } \) Al₂O₃ (s) + xH₂O
(b) Van Arkel process :

Answer 18.

Answer 19.

Answer 20.

1. Soap forms scum with hard water:
   
2. Analgesics : Class of drugs used to reduce pain without causing impairment of consciousness, mental confusion etc.
3. The drug which curtails excess acid formation in stomach, which causes irritation and pain are known as antacids.

Answer 21.

1. Due to strong triple bond (pπ-pπ multiple bonding) between two nitrogen atoms, it is less reactive at room temperature.
2. E-H bond length increases down the group, hence H₂Te is more acidic than H₂S.
3. Due to high electron gain enthalpy and lower bond dissociation enthalpy of halogens, these acts as strong oxidising agents.

Answer 22.

Answer 23.

1. Concern for health and well being of students, creating awareness, social responsibility, sense of belongingness etc.
2. As a student one can talk to friends, share it on social media, placing posters etc. on classroom and school notice board.
3. Tranquilizers are the antidepressant drugs. A few examples are → Iproniazid, phenelzine etc.
4. Sucralose

Answer 24.
(a)

1. Electronic configuration. La³⁺ → [Xe] 4f⁰ and Lu³⁺ → [Xe] 4f¹⁴
   Since in both of these ions there is no unpaired electron, so they do not show any colour in the solution.
2. Due to comparable energy of 5f, 6d and 7s orbitals, there is more irregularity in electronic configuration of actinoids.
3. In transition elements, electrons are filled in the same atomic orbital which has the poor shielding effect and hence there is not much difference in properies in a series. On the other hand, there is all together different properties of main group elements due to lack of d-orbitals, multiple bond formation, different bond enthalpy etc.

(b) Reactions involved in the preparation of KMnO₄ :

OR
(a) Comparison of Lanthanoids and Actinoids:

1. Atomic size : Atomic size of both the series decreases from left to right but decrease is more in case of actinoids from element to element due to poorer shielding effect of 5if electrons.
2. Oxidation state : Lanthanoids show +3 as general oxidation state except +2(Eu, Yb) and +4 (Ce etc.) for some elements. But actinoids show variable oxidation state from +3 to +7, (Although +3 and +4 are most common).
3. Chemical reactivity : Actinoids are more reactive than lanthanoids due to bigger atomic size and lower ionisation energy as well as comparable energy of 5f, 6d and 7s orbitals, variable oxidation is also responsible for their more reactivity.

(b) Preparation of K₂Cr₂O₇ :
Step I: Chromite ore is mixed with Na₂CO₃ and heated to melt as O₂ gas is passed to give sodium chromate

Step II : Acidification of sodium chromate

Step III : Treatment with KCl

Answer 25.
(a) For bcc arrangement, Z = 2 and √3a = 4r.
density (d) – 8.55 g cm^-3, atomic mass = 93 g mol^-1 atomic radii = ?
d = \(\frac { ZM }{ { a }^{ 3 }{ N }_{ A } } \)

(b) Non stoichiometric defects are of two types, depending upon whether positive or negative ions are in excess. These defects are known as:

1. metal excess defect;
2. metal deficiency defect

1. Metal excess defect : When negative ion is missing from its lattice site and creates a hole which is occupied by the electron to maintain the electrical neutrality, e.g. NaCl crystals , turns yellow if excess of Na is present.
2. Metal deficiency defect : In many solids due to variable oxidation state it is difficult to prepare them in pure state and as a result there is a metal deficiency, e.g. due to Fe⁺² and Fe³⁺ state of iron, there are always chances of formation of compounds like Fe_0.95O, Fe_0.98O etc.
OR

(a) Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors : Pure substances like silicon and germanium shows an increase in electrical conductivity with increase in temperature and they are called intrinsic semiconductors.
On the other hand small quantity of arsenic boron, etc. when introduced in substances like silicon, germanium the conductivity of the substance is significantly increased and such substances are known as extrinsic semiconductors. These are the two types: n-type and p-type semiconductors.

(b) In TlCl₃, Tl³⁺ ions are there, to accomodate such ions in KCl lattice three K⁺ ions needs to be replaced for electrical neutrality. It means there will be two vacancies for each Tl³⁺ ion. Hence for
5 × 10^-2 mol % TlCl₃ doping → 2 × 5 × 10^-2 cation vacancies will be generated.
Concentration of cation Vacancies = 2 × \(\frac { { 5\times 10 }^{ -2 } }{ 100 } \) × 6.002 × 10²³ = 6.022 × 10²⁰

Answer 26.

(b) In resonance structures of phenol, negative charge appears on ortho and para position, hence electrophilic substitution reaction is possible only on these two positions.

OR

We hope the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 7 help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 7, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 7 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 7.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 7

Board	CBSE
Class	XII
Subject	English Core
Sample Paper Set	Paper 7
Category	CBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 7 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Englsih Core is given below with free PDF download solutions.

Time Allowed: 3 hours
Maximum Marks: 100

General Instructions

• This paper is divided into three sections: A, B and C. All the sections are compulsory.
• Separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary. Read these instructions very carefully and follow them faithfully.
• Do not exceed the prescribed Word limit while answering the questions.

SECTION A
READING (30 MARKS)

Question 1.
Read the following passage carefully. (12 Marks)
“It is impossible to think about the welfare of the world unless the condition of women is improved. It is impossible for a bird to fly on only one wing.” — Swami Vivekananda

1. Women are not born, but made. What is better than India to exemplify this statement by Simone de Beauvoir. With the whole world celebrating International Women’s Day with great pomp and show, it would be only apt to analyze the position and space Indian women occupy today, and comparing it to the times 60 years ago when the country had just gained independence. With the women participating in nationalist movements to being pushed into the domestic household space, to their resurgence as the super-women today, women in our country have seen it all.

2. There have been innumerable debates about gender in India over the years. Much of it includes women’s position in society, their education, health, economic position, gender equality, etc. What one can conclude from such discussions is that women have always held a certain paradoxical position in our developing country. On the one hand, the country has seen an increased percentage of literacy among women, and women are allowed to enter into professional fields, while on the other hand the practices of female infanticide, poor health conditions and lack of education still persist. Even the patriarchal ideology of the home being women’s real domain and marriage being her ultimate destiny hasn’t changed much. The matrimonial advertisements, demanding girls of the same caste, with fair skin and slim figure, or the much criticized fair and lovely ads, are indicators of the slow changing social mores. If one looks at the status of women then and now, one has to look at two sides of the coin; one side which is promising, and one side which is bleak.

3. When our country got its independence, the participation of women nationalists was widely acknowledged. When the Indian Constitution was formulated, it granted equal= rights to women, considering them legal citizens of the country and as an equal to men in terms of freedom and opportunity. The sex ratio of women at that time was slightly better than what it is today, standing at 945 females per 1000 males. Yet the conditions of women screamed a different reality.

4. They were relegated to their households, and made to submit to the male-dominated society, as has always been prevalent in our country. Indian women, who fought as an equal to men in the nationalist struggle, were not given that free public space anymore. They became homemakers, and were mainly meant to build a strong home to support their men who were to build the new independent country. Women were reduced to being secondary citizens. The national female literacy rate was an alarmingly low 8.9 per cent. The Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) for girls was 24.8 per cent at primary level and 4.6 per cent at the upper primary level (in the 11-14 years age group). There existed insoluble social and cultural barriers to education of women and access to organized schooling.

(Extract from ‘Here’s How The Status Of Women Has Changed In India [Since 1950 Till Date]’posted on March 11, 2012 in Society By Tanima Banerjee)

I. On ftieToasis of your understanding of the passage, answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option. (1 × 4 = 4 Marks)

(a) The writer says that the women have seen it all because:

1. they participated in nationalist movements.
2. they were pushed into household space.
3. they have become superwomen today.
4. all of the above.

(b) Pick one statement which brings out the paradoxical nature of women’s position in society today:

1. They are entering professional fields and becoming literate.
2. They lack education and female infanticide is still rampant.
3. They are still victims of patriarchal mindset.
4. While they are allowed to enter professional fields they are still victims of patriarchal mindset.

(c) The Indian Constitution did not ensure:

1. that women get equal rights.
2. that they were considered equal to men.
3. that the sex ratio would be 945 females to 1000 males.
4. that they were legal citizens of India.

(d) Despite the provisions of the Constitution:

1. women were relegated to the household.
2. women were not allowed free space.
3. women were dictated by patriarchy.
4. all of the above.

II. Answer the following questions as briefly as possible. (1 × 5 = 5 Marks)

(e) What is the patriarchal ideology about women?
(f) What are the areas of concern about women?
(g) Who said that ‘Women are not born, but made’. What did he mean by it?
(h) Cite one example to show that our social mores are changing very slowly?
(i) What are the ‘insoluble barriers’ to women’s education?

III. Find words from the passage which mean the same as: (1 × 3 = 3 Marks)

(a) recognized (para 3) (b) ironic, absurd (para 2)
(c) countless (para 2)

Question 2.
Read the following passage carefully. (10 Marks)

1. One day Pahom was sitting at home, when a peasant passing through the village, happened to call in. He was allowed to stay at the night, and supper was given to him. Pahom had a talk with this peasant and asked him where he came from. The stranger answered that he came from beyond the Volga, where he had been working. One word led to another, and the man went on to say that many people were settling in those parts. He told how some people from his village had settled there. They had joined the Commune, and had twenty-five acres of land per man granted. The land was so good, he said, that the rye sown on it grew as high as a horse, and so thick that five cuts of a sickle made a sheaf. One peasant, he said, had brought nothing with him but his bare hands, and now he had six horses and two cows. Pahom’s heart kindled with desire. He thought:

2. “Why should I suffer in this narrow hole, if one can live so elsewhere? I will sell my land and my homestead here, and with the money I will start afresh over there and get everything new. In this crowded place one is always having trouble. But I must first go and find out all about it myself.”

3. Towards summer he got ready and started. He went down the Volga on a steamer to Samara, then walked another three hundred miles on foot, and at last reached the place. It was just as the stranger had said. The peasants had plenty of land: every man had twenty-five acres of Communal land given him for his use, and any one who had money could buy, besides, at fifty-cents an acre as much freehold land as he wanted. Having found out all he wished to know, Pahom returned home as autumn came on, and began selling off his belongings. He sold his land at a profit, sold his homestead and all his cattle, and withdrew from membership of the Commune. He only waited till the spring, and then started with his family for the new settlement.

4. As soon as Pahom and his family arrived at their new abode, he applied for admission into the Commune of a large village. He stood treat to the Elders, and obtained the necessary documents. Five shares of Communal land were given him for his own and his sons’ use: that is to say-125 acres (not altogether, but in different fields) besides the use of the Communal pasture. Pahom put up the buildings he needed, and bought cattle. Of the Communal land alone he had three times as much as at his former home, and the land was good corn-land. He was ten times better off than he had been. He had plenty of arable land and pasturage, and could keep as many head of cattle as he liked.

(Source: How Much Land Does a Man Need? by Leo Tolstoy)

I. Answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option: (1 × 2 = 2 Marks)

(a) The stranger did not tell Pahom that:

1. many people had been settling in those parts.
2. some people from his village had settled there.
3. they had been given 125 acres of land.
4. the land was very good.

(b) Pahom thought of leaving his home as:

1. it was a crowded place.
2. he did not like it.
3. he wanted to start afresh and get everything new.
4. both (i) and (ii)

II. Answer the following questions as briefly as possible. (1 × 6 = 6 Marks)

(c) Where had the stranger come from?
(d) How had the farmer acquired six horses of his own?
(e) How did Pahom reach the place?
(f) What was the rate of land at the new settlement?
(g) What was Pahom busy doing in autumn?
(h) What did Pahom undertake as soon as he reached his new abode?

III. Find words from the passage which are similar in meaning to the following. (1 × 2 = 2 Marks)

(a) bundle (para 1)
(b) accommodation (para 4)

Question 3.
Read the following passage carefully. (8 Marks)

Ayurveda is one of the oldest sciences of medicines whose origin can be dated back to 3000-5000 years.

Ayurveda is a method of holistic healing and is based on prevention rather than cure of the illness. The approach to healing is done on a personalized basis and people of all ages and following different occupations are known to have benefited both personally and spiritually owing to Ayurveda’s wisdom of healing.

Ayurvedic medicines heal your spirit and minds instead of just treating the affected body parts. It is based on purification of the body in a natural way and the environment created helps remove all toxins and help regain body’s natural tolerance or resistance from the diseases and help rejuvenate your body and regain your good health.

The metaphysics of the five elements that make up this universe namely: earth (prithvi), water (jal), fire (agni), air (vayu) and space (akash) form the basis of the science of Ayurveda. Ayurveda explains the constitution of human to be of three forms which are known as ‘doshas’ or the life forces. These three doshas: Vat a, Pitta, Kapha determine physical characteristics and personality traits of a person.

Pitta dosha is believed to control the hormone function and digestion, thus an increased pitta dosha in a person will create indigestion and overheating. Such people will have heated emotional reactions.

Vata dosha controls the heart and breathing functionality in addition to the excretory function. Skin conditions are more common in people suffering from Vata dosha.

Kapha dosha is what governs your immune system and overall strength. Diseases like cancer and diabetes are likely to arise in people with aggravated kapha dosha. An Ayurvedic doctor or practitioner will analyze the dosha based on the systems of your disease or illness and suggest an individualized treatment to heal your body and strengthen your personality.

Vat a dosha is constituted from Ether and air and thus nerve impulses, respiration and elimination are known to be regulated by this dosha. The process of transformation and metabolism is controlled by Pitta dosha which is composed of fire and water. Kapha dosha t contains water and earth elements and is responsible for growth, adding of body structure unit by unit and also offers protection.

Ayurveda has its popularity to the use of natural, non-invasive components used in medicines unlike the other ways of treatment which use only chemicals and toxins into your body.

Ayurveda is not only based on medicines but focuses on lifestyle changes, change in diet patterns, suggesting yogic exercises, and meditation, breathing or relaxation exercises. It is known that certain chronic ailments can be treated by means of Ayurvedic way of natural healing avoiding the need for any surgery. Herbal remedies are also a part of Ayurvedic medicines which can be recommended for healing. Ayurvedic supplements help ‘ pacify one or more increased doshas in your bodies.

Thus, Ayurveda aims at aligning your body, mind and spirit in order to achieve a sound health. Yoga and meditation are known to have a positive impact on your physical condition and help relax your mind and muscles. Ayurveda insists on a spiritual way of living and gives importance to self-realization to bring real health and energy, in whatever tasks we perform. Ayurveda is a rational system of medicine and is sensitive to nature and Earth. Ayurveda has gained popularity in the West also as yoga ashrams and Ayurvedic classes and programmes are being introduced in many parts of the West.

A. On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it, using headings and sub-headings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary—minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it. (5 Marks)
B. Write a summary of the passage in about 80 words. (3 Marks)

SECTION B
ADVANCE WRITING SKILLS (30 MARKS)

Question 4.
You are Kala/Lalit. You lost your briefcase containing important documents while travelling in a DTC bus. Write an advertisement in not more than 50 words for the LOST column of a local daily giving relevant details. (4 Marks)
OR
You are Lalit/Lalita. You have just cleared your NIFT admission test and wish to throw a party for your friends. Write an informal invitation for your friends giving all details.

Question 5.
You are interested in doing a course in fashion designing. For this you wish to get admission in NIFT. NIFT holds a competitive examination for admission. Sapphire Academy, Dadar, Mumbai gives coaching for the admission test. Write a letter in 120-150 words to the Director, Sapphire Academy requesting him to provide you with all necessary information. You are Karan/Kirti, 48 Fort Apartments, Pune. (All India (C) 2015) (6 Marks)
OR
You recently had your first trip in a Delhi Metro Train. You were quite impressed with its services and decided to write a letter to the editor of The Times of India. Write this letter as Karan/Kirti of 1-90, Jungpura, Delhi. (120-150 words)

Question 6.
A landslide in your area has caused untold destruction. Write an article in 150-200 words on the destruction caused by natural calamities and the precautions to be taken to prevent them. You are Jai Kant/Jai Kanta. (Delhi 2014) (10 Marks)
OR
You are the sports captain of your school. The Annual Sports Day was conducted last month. Write a report in 150-200 words on the conduct of the same. You are Manish/ Mita of Hind Public School, Mall Road, Amritsar. (Delhi 2014)

Question 7.
It is said that if you educate a boy, you educate a person and if you educate a girl you educate a family. As member of the NGO, Shiksha, write a speech on the importance of educating girls in 150-200 words. (10 Marks)
OR
The Prime Minister’s campaign, ‘Swachh Bharat’ has become popular throughout India. Inspired by this you, the Principal of a reputed school, decide to address the students on ‘The value of cleanliness’. Write your speech in 150-200 words. (All India (C) 2015)

SECTION C
TEXTBOOKS AND EXTENDED READING TEXT (40 MARKS)

Question 8.
Read the following extract carefully and answer the questions that follow: (1 × 4 = 4 Marks)

Far far from gusty waves these children’s faces.
Like rootless weeds, the hair torn around their pallor.
The tall girl with her weighed-down head. The paper-
seeming boy, with rat’s eyes.

(a) Name the poet?
(b) Who appears to be like ‘rootless weeds’ and why?
(c) What does the phrase ‘paper-seeming’ suggest to you?
(d) Identify a figure of speech and cite the line.

OR

doze, open mouthed, her face
ashen like that
of a corpse and realised with pain
that she was as old as she
looked but soon
put that thought away

(a) Who is the speaker? Who is the speaker referring to?
(b) Why is the person being referred to as ‘ashen’?
(c) What did the speaker realize?
(d) Why did the speaker put away the thought?

Question 9.
Answer any four of the following questions in about 30-40 words each: (3 × 4 = 12 Marks)

(a) What do you think is the colour of ‘sour cream’? Why do you think the poet has used this expression to describe the classroom walls? (NCERT)
(b) Why has the poet brought in the image of the merry children ‘spilling out of their homes’? (NCERT)
(c) Franz thinks, “Will they make them sing in German. Even the pigeons?” What could this mean?
(d) How was the YMCA pool safer than the Yakima river?
(e) Why did the ironmaster speak kindly to the peddler and invite him home? (NCERT)
(f) Do you think that Dr Sadao’s final solution to the problem was the best possible one under the circumstances?

Question 10.
Dr Sadao faced a dilemma. Should he use his surgical skills to save the life of a wounded person or hand an escaped American prisoner of war over to the Japanese police? How did he resolve this clash of values? (120-150 words) (All India 2015) (6 Marks)
OR
While we condemn the crime, we are sympathetic to the criminal. Is this the reason why prison staff often develop a soft corner for those in custody? (NCERT)

Question 11.
Why do you think Gandhi considered the Champaran episode to be the turning point in his life? (120-150 words) (NCERT) (6 Marks)
OR
How would you describe the character and temperament of Sophie’s father? (120-150 words) (NCERT)

Question 12.
Attempt a character sketch of Dr. Kemp. (120-150 words) (6 Marks)
OR
Eppie is a character in her own right but also has symbolic significance in the novel Silas Mamer. Discuss. (120-150 words)

Question 13.
What is the theme of the novel The Invisible Man? (120-150 words) (6 Marks)
OR
Chance and coincidence have much role in the novel Silas Marner. Discuss. (120-150 words)

ANSWERS

Answer 1.

I. (a) (iv) all of the above.
(b) (iv) while they are allowed to enter professional fields they are still victims of patriarchal mindset.
(c) (iii) that the sex ratio would be 945 females to 1000 males.
(d) (iv) all of the above.

II. (e) The patriarchal ideology regarding women is that home is women’s real domain and marriage is her ultimate destiny.

(f) The areas of concern about women are their education, health, economic position, gender equality.

(g) Simone de Beauvoir said this. He meant that women do not have a voice of their own. They are led by ideologies created for them.

(h) The matrimonial advertisements, demanding girls of the same caste, with fair skin and slim figure, or the much criticized fair and lovely ads, are indicators of the slow changing social mores.

(i) The insoluble social and cultural barriers to education of women and access to organized schooling are the patriarchal ideas which earmark a secondary role to women and push them into the household.

III. (a) acknowledged (b) paradoxical (c) innumerable

Answer 2.

I. (a) (iii) They had been given 125 acres of land.
(b) (iv) both (i) and (iii)

II. (c) The stranger had come from beyond the Volga.

(d) The farmer had started working in the new settlement where the land was very fertile. Soon he had become rich enough to acquire six horses of his own.

(e) He went down the Volga on a steamer to Samara, then walked another three hundred miles on foot, and at last reached the place.

(f) The rate of land at the new settlement was fifty cents an acre.

(g) As autumn came on, Pahom began selling off his belongings. He sold his land at a profit, homestead and all his cattle, and withdrew from membership of the Commune.

(h) As soon as Pahom and his family arrived at their new abode, he applied for admission into the Commune of a large village. He stood treat to the Elders, and obtained the necessary documents.

III. (a) sheaf (b) abode

Answer 3.

A. TITLE: Ayurveda: An Ancient Science of Medicine

NOTES:

(a) Introduction — ayu:

(i) 3000-5000 yrs old
(ii) method of healing by prevention
(iii) heals body and soul
(iv) removes toxins thus purifying the body
(v) the five elements-fundamntl to ayu
(vi) spiritual way of healing
(vii) gives imp’ce to self realizn :

(b) theory of ayu:
(i) human constn composed of 3 doshas
(x) vata-controls hrt, breathing, excretion, skin
(y) pitta-controls hormone, digestion
(z) kapha-controls immunity, strength

(ii) doshas determine personality
(iii) Dr analyses dosha to prescribe cure and lifestyle changes

(c) popularity of ayu:
(i) natural, non invasive ways
(ii) no chem.

Key to Abbreviations
ayu : ayurvedic
fundamntl : fundamental
imp’ce : importance
realizn : realization
con.stn : constitution
hrt : heart
chem : chemical
chngs : changes
nati : natural
invsiv : invasive

B. SUMMARY

Ayurveda is 3000-5000 years old healing system which focuses on prevention rather than cure. It aims to heal the body and the mind. It removes toxins thus purifying the body. The five elements are fundamental to its theory. It believes in self-realization. The human body is composed of Vata which controls heart, breathing and skin. Pitta controls digestion and hormonal functions. Kapha controls personality and strength. A doctor analyses the dosha and then prescribes medicines and lifestyle changes. Ayurveda is popular as it is non-invasive, natural and free of chemicals.

Answer 4.

Answer 5.

48 Fort Apartments,
Pune 7th October, 20××
The Director
Sapphire Academy
Dadar, Mumbai

Sub: Enquiry regarding coaching for NIFT Dear Sir

I have come to know that your institute offers excellent coaching for NIFT entrance test. Since I wish to pursue this course I want to join your reputed coaching for the same. would be obliged if you kindly provide the following information regarding the coaching classes:

• Duration of the course
• Frequency, timing of the classes
• Whether classes are held in the evenings
• Fee and the mode of payment
• Is there any fee concession?

You are requested to provide the information at your earliest convenience to enable me to decide about joining the earliest batch.

Thank you
Yours sincerely
Karan

OR

1-90, Jungpura
Delhi
6th October, 20××
The Editor
Times of India
Barakhamba Road
Delhi

Sub: Appreciation of Delhi Metro

Dear Sir

I recently had my first journey by Delhi Metro Train from Dwarka to Akshardhaam. I wish to put on record the memorable experience that I had of the metro service.

The punctuality and frequency of the trains is commendable. It was heartening to see that Delhi Metro is fully committed towards safety and security of women passengers. Delhi Metro understands the needs of women passengers and has reserved a coach especially for lady passengers. The first coach of a train in moving direction is reserved for ladies. Delhi Metro is perhaps India’s first public transport system with adequate features for 1 differently-abled persons. The spacious, clean and fully air-conditioned interiors make the journey restful and comfortable. In fact I noted so many passengers reading a book or listening to their favourite music.

Security is a high priority with the DMRC as was evident by the scanner and the many police personnel moving about vigilantly at the station.

Facilities like clean toilets, metro card, and lost and found facility have made Delhi Metro a world class facility. I request you to give space to my letter so that it will reach the public and authorities.

Thank you
Yours sincerely
Karan

Answer 6.

Natural Disasters
By Jai Kanta

Natural calamities have been a cause of great destruction and devastation on Earth. Natural calamities are unpredictable in nature and often occur all of a sudden. Due to this nature, avoiding them is almost impossible. However, we can take certain precautions that will help keep the level of devastation down and save precious human lives.

For disasters like floods and landslides, plantation of trees is a good long-term solution. Floods and landslides are hard to avoid. These could include passing of laws that prohibit cutting down of trees and building of houses in regions that are flood prone. Disasters like drought can be avoided by proper planning and allocation of resources. Measures can be taken at community level so that no one is misusing or overusing their share of resources like water and food.

As far as earthquakes are concerned, people should calmly leave the building they are in when the quake strikes. In case of damage, people are encouraged and taught to help pull out other people from the debris. On a larger scale, buildings can be constructed in a way that ensures they are less likely to collapse during an earthquake. In Japan for instance, there are shock absorbers installed at the base of the buildings which enables the building to move with the earthquake and prevent collapse.

OR

Annual Sports Day Celebrated At Hind Public School

Amritsar, 10th March: The Annual Sports Day in Hind Public School was held on 3rd October, 20xx at the school grounds. The programme commenced with the school choir reciting the prayer. The Chief Guest of the day Mr. Jagannath Shetty-a National level athlete and weight lifter, along with the other dignitaries received the salute during the parade. During the flag raising ceremony worthy sports persons Pratvik Sama, Sougandh, Nitin Desa and Prateek Roy were the flag bearers.

Vice Principal, Ms Lalita Mason delivered the welcome address. The Chief Guest received the torch and declared the sports meet open.

During the oath taking ceremony, Hon’ble Sports Minister Jitendra Singh recited the pledge. This was followed by a spectacular Mass drill display by students of Opal House, Coral House, Jade House and Amber House.

Various sports events like 100m race, 200m playing, 800m race and 4 x 100 m relay were organised. Winners were awarded with certificates and medals.

The Chief Guest during his address stated “Sports is very important. Everyday children should spare some time for sports.”

Answer 7.
Good morning respected principal, teachers and my dear friends! Today I wish to talk to you about the importance of educating girls. Educated women are capable of bringing socio-economic changes. The constitution of almost all democratic countries, including India, guarantees equal rights to both men and women. Education will empower women to come forward and contribute towards the development and prosperity of the country. So long as women remain backward and economically dependent on men, the helpless condition of them cannot be changed. Education helps a woman to lead a good life. Her identity as an individual would never get lost. She can read and learn about her rights. Educated girls and women are aware of the importance of health and hygiene. Educated mothers can take better care of both herself and her baby.

Educated women are now looked upon with dignity and honor. Educated women are more informed of their rights for justice. It would eventually lead to decline in instances of violence and injustice against women such as dowry, forced-prostitution, child-marriage, female foeticide, etc.

A girl-child should get equal opportunity for education, so that, she can plan to become a successful doctors, engineer, nurse, or choose any other profession of her choice.

Thank you

OR

Good morning, respected Principal, teachers and my dear friends! As you know the Prime Minister’s campaign, ‘Swachh Bharat has become popular throughout India. I wish to take this opportunity to talk to you about the value of cleanliness. Cleanliness is important for healthy mind, body and spirit. Our first duty is to be clean. Every morning, as soon as you get up, you must clean your teeth, and wash your face, hands and feet. Many boys and girls, when they write with ink and pen soil their fingers. With a little care and effort they can avoid it.

If possible, you may bathe and wash your whole body. Bathing is necessary for good health. If you allow dirt to accumulate on your body, you very soon get itch or other diseases of the skin.

After your body, you must look into your clothes. You should always wear clean clothes. Now, do not mistake rich clothes for clean clothes. You do not require any money at all to keep your body clean, and you want very little to keep your clothes tidy. We should get into the habit of being clean.

Besides, we should keep our surroundings clean. We should not throw garbage here and there. Instead, we should throw it only into a dustbin.

Hence, you should always maintain cleanliness and join hands to make ‘Swachh Bharat” campaign a success.

Thank you

Answer 8.

(a) The poet is Stephen Spender.
(b) The children sitting in the elementary classroom of the slum school are like the rootless weeds as they appear malnourished, sad and dispirited.
(c) The phrase ‘paper-seeming’ suggests a thin malnourished boy who is as thin as paper.
(d) Like ‘Rootless weeds,’ the hair torn around their pallor the second line is an example of simile.

OR

(a) The speaker is the daughter, Kamla Das. The speaker is referring to her mother.
(b) The word ‘ashen’ means like ash. The mother appears to be old and grey.
(c) She comes to realize that her mother was not young any longer, and that her appearance had caught up with her age. .
(d) The painful thought of the mother’s death made her determined to focus her attention on something else.

Answer 9.
(a) Sour cream indicates the colour cream or dirty white. The poet has used this expression to describe the poor dull and ill-equipped environment of the classroom in the slums. The walls were painted long ago and since then no attention has been given to them. We see the neglect that these children face. It adds to the dull ambiance.

(b) The contrast between the ageing mother and the merry children enhances the poetic effect. The poet’s mother who is sitting beside her is dozing. Her ‘ashen’ face looks lifeless and pale like a corpse. She is an image of ageing, decay and passivity. On the other hand, the children are gay and happy. They are moving out of their homes in large numbers. Here is an image of happiness and spontaneous overflow of life.

(c) Franz innocently wonders whether the Germans will make the pigeons speak German too. It highlights the foolishness and high-handedness of the Germans who presumed to think that a mere order could make people lose their language. Language is a part of one’s identity. Germans can impose German language on the people of Alsace and Lorraine powerfully but their power cannot make the pigeons speak German.

(d) William’s mother continually warned him against his going to the Yakima River for swimming. The river was treacherous. Many persons had drowned in it. But the YMCA pool was safe. It was only two or three feet at the shallow-end and nine feet at the deeper-end. The slope was also gradual.

(e) The ironmaster of the Ramsjo ironworks watched both night and day that the work at the mills was being done well. On his nightly round for inspection, he saw the ragged fellow, near the furnace. He walked near to him to look closely. Taking him to be his old acquaintance, Nils Olof, he invited him home. It would be pleasant to have him for Christmas. So he spoke kindly to the peddler and invited him home.

(f) Dr. Sadao knew that the wounded American sailor could be arrested anytime. He washed his wound, brought the bullet out of his body and gave a new lease of life to the American prisoner of war. He didn’t want to throw him into the jaws of death again. He asked the young soldier to take his private boat at night. He should row in the cover of darkness to a little deserted island nearby. If he harboured the prisoner longer, he himself could be prone to danger. The general had quite forgotten to help him. So his solution was the best one.

Answer 10.
Dr Sadao and his wife Hana remained in a state of conflict for quite a long time. They couldn’t throw a wounded man again into the sea. If they gave shelter to him in their house, they could be arrested. Handing him over to the police, would have meant throwing him into the jaws of death. They were in a fix. Ultimately, the duty of a doctor overpowered all other petty considerations. The servants revolted at the idea of serving a white man. Hana herself washed the wound. Dr Sadao had decided to operate on Tom.

Hana obeyed her husband without a word. Hana was to give the anaesthetic if the patient needed it. The doctor made a clean and precise incision. The bullet was out. Thus love for humanity and the ethics of a doctor won over petty racial considerations.

OR

The Bible says that one should condemn the sin and not the sinner. Even the worst of criminals have a small core of humanity in their hearts. Prison staff are responsible for the criminals in their custody. Nevertheless, being humans, they often become friendly and lenient towards them often permitting them things which are strictly disallowed according to rules. This is amply supported in the story Evans Tries an O-Level. Evans pleaded with Jackson that he was like a ‘lucky charm’ for him. Jackson relented and allowed Evans to wear his hat on his head. This proved to be a lapse on the part of Jackson as later on Evans used it cleverly to change his appearance.

Answer 11.
Rajkumar Shukla apprised Gandhi about the injustice done to sharecroppers by the landlords in Bihar. He knew the atrocities of the landlord. The sharecroppers were to plant 15 per cent of their holding with indigo and surrender the entire harvest to them as rent. Germany had developed synthetic indigo. Thus the price of the natural indigo would fall in the market sharply. The landlords had obtained agreements from the sharecroppers to pay compensation. Some signed while others engaged lawyers. Gandhi fought against the cruel injustice of the landlord. An official commission declared to refund the money to the sharecroppers. As per agreement 25 per cent of the money was paid to the sharecroppers. This movement encouraged Indian peasants to know their rights. He made the British realise that the Indians are self reliant and the foreigners cannot order them on their land. Thus the Champaran episode was a turning point in his life.

OR

Sophie’s father is a dominating personality. He is a typical representative of the lower middle class family. He is poor but somehow manages to pull on with his family. He lacks refined manners or sophistication. The way he eats the pie exposes his rough eating habits. He tosses one of little Derek’s shoes from his chair on to the sofa. He doesn’t seem to be much interested in the family. Watching football on the television is his favourite pastime. Sophie’s father has passion for football. He is an old admirer of Tom Finny, a great footballer. He adores the upcoming young footballer Casey. So he makes a ‘weekly pilgrimage’ to watch United and Casey in action.

Sophie’s father doesn’t seem to be very sympathetic towards his daughter. But he understands his daughter well. He doesn’t believe in her meeting with Casey. He considers it another of her “wild stories”.

Answer 12.
Kemp is referred to as “the doctor,” but his degree seems to be an academic one rather than a medical one. He continues his own study in the hope of being admitted to “the Royal Fellows.” His own experiments and fascination with science enable him to listen sensibly to Griffin, but in spite of being rather contemptuous of his fellow citizens, his common sense and decency prevent him from being a part of Griffin’s schemes. Kemp is also the only “cool headed” person in the town once the final attack begins. He runs to escape Griffin, but as soon as Griffin catches him, he has the presence of mind to turn the capture around. He is also the first to realize that even though Griffin is invisible, he is injured, and, ultimately, dead. He is a conscientious person in contrast to Griffin who though a genius, is a depraved man.

OR

A symbol is an object that not only demands attention in itself but also refers to another object or to a concept. Often there is no one concept attached to a given object. Instead, a whole range of ideas may be brought into play.

The tale of Silas Marner certainly must be understood symbolically as well as literally. Eppie is cute golden haired toddler when she wanders into Silas’ cottage. Silas is then in the throes of a fit. When he wakes he sees a lock of gold which belongs to Eppie. He adores her and gradually she brings meaning into his life. Eppie is explicitly put forward as a substitute for Silas’ treasure, and this raises questions of the nature of treasures-literal and spiritual. Eppie is a symbol of treasure—a compensation for the real gold that he had lost earlier. Thus she operates at a literal and also symbolic level.

Answer 13.
The theme of corruption in the absence of social law is embodied in the character of Griffin. The narrator uses the invisible man to experiment with the depth to which a person can sink when there are no social restrictions to suppress his behaviour. When Griffin first kills his father, he excuses it by saying that the man was a “sentimental fool”. On the contrary, he resorts to committing atrocities because they are necessary to his survival. The novel also explores the theme of Science without Humanity. The theme is represented in the character of Kemp as well as in Griffin himself. Kemp wants to stop Griffin more out of fear for himself than out of concern for the community, but he is nonetheless fascinated by the accomplishment of this misguided college student. Griffin pursued the idea of invisibility in order to unleash a reign of terror.

OR

Chance and coincidence influence the action in this novel. The novelist, George Eliot has shown how chance and coincidence contribute a lot to the development in the life of the protagonist Silas Marner. The villagers at Lantern Yard arrange draw of lots to pick-up the identity of thief who had stolen the deacon’s money. This is done following an article of their religion. The result of this draw is a matter of chance. Also Eppie’s entry into Silas’ life happens purely by chance. The entry of Eppie the little girl reanimates him. Thus Eppie is the best compensation for his loss of gold. Godfrey’s orders for the stone- pits to the drained of all their waters and the discovery of Dunstan’s skeleton along with Mamer’s lost gold guineas are matter of co-incidence but crucial events and revelations hinge on them.

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CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 6 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 6.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 6

Board	CBSE
Class	XII
Subject	Chemistry
Sample Paper Set	Paper 6
Category	CBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 6 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Chemistry is given below with free PDF download solutions.

Time Allowed : 3 Hours
Max. Marks : 70

General Instructions

• All questions are compulsory.
• Question number 1 to 5 are very short answer questions and carry 1 mark each.
• Question number 6 to 10 are short answer questions and carry 2 marks each.
• Question number 11 to 22 are also short answer questions and carry 3 marks each.
• Question number 23 is a value based question and carry 4 marks.
• Question number 24 to 26 are long answer questions and carry 5 marks each.
• Use log table, if necessary. Use of calculators is not allowed.

Questions

Question 1.
Which of the 3d series element is not considered as a transition element?
OR
Which transition element of group XII shows two different oxidation states?

Question 2.
Write IUPAC name of the following compound:
CH₃COCH2-CH = CH-CHO

Question 3.
For a reaction in 10 minutes concentration of reactant reduced from 0.12 µ to 0.06 µ and in next 10 minutes it becomes 0.03 µ. Find order of reaction for this reaction.

Question 4.
Draw structure of the methyl hemiacetal of formaldehyde.

Question 5.
Why does physisorption decrease with the increase of temperature?

Question 6.
Complete the following reactions:

1. Pb(NO₃)₂ \(\underrightarrow { Heat }\)
2. XeOF₄ + H₂O →

OR

1. P₄ + HNO₃ (Conc.) →
2. PCl₃ + 3H₂O →

Question 7.
Define the following terms:

1. Mole fraction
2. Reverse osmosis

Question 8.
Draw the structures of the following:
(a) (HPO₃)₃
(b) XeF₂

Question 9.
Calculate the equilibrium constant of the following reaction at 298 K:
Cu(s) + 2Ag⁺(aq) → Cu²⁺(aq) + 2Ag(s), E_Cell° = 0.46 V

Question 10.
Write the equation involved in the following reaction

1. Sandmeyer’s reaction
2. Hinsberg’s reagent with 1° amine

Question 11.
Henry’s law constant for the molality of CH₄ in benzene at 298 K is 0.562 k atm. Calculate the solubility of methane in benzene at 298 K under 760 mmHg.

Question 12.
Resistance of a conductivity cell filled with 0.1 M KCl solution is 100 Ω. If the resistance of the same cell when filled with 0.02 M KCl solution is 520 Ω, calculate the conductivity, molar conductivity of the cell having 0.02 M KCl solution. (The conductivity of 0.1 M KCl solution is 1.29 S/m).

Question 13.
(a) Using VBT predict the geometry and magnetic behaviour of [CoF₆]^3-.
(b) Draw the structures of geometrical isomers of [Fe(CN)₄(NH₃)₂]^–.

Question 14.
Define lyophilic and lyophobic colloids. Give one example of each type. Which one of these two types of sol is easily coagulated and why?

Question 15.
The following data were obtained during the first order thermal decomposition of N2Os(g) at constant volume:

Calculate the rate constant.

Question 16.
Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C₅H₁₂, identify the one that on photochemical chlorination yields:
(a) A single monochloride which does not gives elimination reaction.
(b) Three isomeric monochloride
(c) Four isomeric monochloride

Question 17.
State briefly the principle involved in the following processes:

1. Froth flotation process
2. Chromatography
3. Magnetic separation

Question 18.
Give the structures of A, B and C in the following reactions

Question 19.
Write the structures of the monomers used for the following polymer:
(a) PVC
(b) Nylon-6
(c) Teflon

Question 20.
Give reason for the following:

1. Aspartame is limited to cold food only.
2. Allergic action is caused by histamine.
3. Medicines should not be taken without consulting doctors.

Question 21.
Assign suitable reason for the following:
(a) Bond angle of NO^–₂ is less than NO⁺₂.
(b) Sulphur in vapour phase shows paramagnetic behaviour.
(c) Noble gases have very low Boiling point.

Question 22.
Give reasons for:

1. Aldehydes are more reactive towards addition nucleophilic reaction as compared to ketones.
2. Phenol is less acidic than carboxylic acid though it has more number of resonating structures.
3. During the preparation of ester from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst, ester should be distilled off as soon as it forms.

Question 23.
Sapna a domestic helper of Mrs. Sheela had a wound on her arm but she was not caring for it. Sheela applied dettol on her wound and asked her to show it to a doctor if it does not heal.

1. What type of drugs are applied on wounds to prevent the growth of micro-organisms?
2. Name the components of dettol.
3. Name two other chemical substances of this category.
4. What values are associated with Mrs. Sheela?

Question 24.

1. 1. Name a member of the lanthanoid series which is well known to exhibit +4 oxidation state.
   2. Actinoid contraction is greater from element to element them lanthanoid contraction. Give reason.
2. Complete the following chemical reactions
   1. MnO^–₄ + I^– (aq) \(\underrightarrow { { OH }^{ – } } \)
   2. NO^–₂ + MnO^–₄ + H⁺ →
   3. Cr₂O^2-₇ + Fe²⁺ + H⁺ →

OR
On the basis of lanthanoid contraction, explain the following:

1. Nature of bonding in La₂O₃ and Lu₂O₃.
2. Trends in the stability of oxosalts of lanthanoid as from La to Lu.
3. Stability of the complexes of lanthanoids.
4. Radii of 4d and 5d block elements.
5. Trends in acidic character of lanthanoid oxides.

Question 25.
(a) A compound is formed by two elements M & N. The element N form ccp array and atoms
of the element M occupy 1/3 rd the tetrahedral void. What is the formula of the compound?
(b) An element has a ccp structure with radii of atom 141.4 pm. The density of the element is 8 g/cm³. How many atoms are present in 220 g of this element?
OR
(a) Describe the two main types of semiconductors and contrast their conduction mechanism.
(b) An element with molar mass 2.7 × 10^-2 kg/mol forms a cubic unit cell with edge length 405 pm. It its density is 2.7 kg/m³, what is the nature of the cubic unit cell?

Question 26.
(a) Give the mechanism for formation of ethoxyethane from the ethanol.
(b) Distinguish the following pairs:
(i) Ethanol and propan-l-ol
(ii) Anisole and phenol
(iii) Ethoxyethane and ethanol

OR
(a) Arrange according to the given instruction:
(i) Methoxy phenol, o-chlorophenol and o-nitrophenol (Acidic strength)
(ii) Ethanol, propane, methoxy methane (Boiling point)
(iii) Butan-1-ol, 2-methyl propan-2-ol, Butan-2-ol (elimination reaction)
(b) (i) Phenol is more acidic than ethanol. Why?
(ii) Write the chemical reaction for the preparation of phenol from cumene

Answers

Answer 1.
Zinc (Zn) element of 3d-series is not considered as a transition element.
OR
Hg (Hg⁺ and Hg²⁺)

Answer 2.
5-oxohex-2-enal

Answer 3.
Since in every 10-minutes concentration becomes half, so it is a first order reaction.

Answer 4.

Answer 5.
Physiosorption is an exothermic process. Thus with increase in temperature, the tendency of physiosorbed molecules to be retained on the surface of adsorbent decreases.

Answer 6.

1. 2Pb(NO₃)₂ \(\underrightarrow { Heat }\) 4NO₂ + 2PbO
2. XeOF₄ + H₂O → XeO₂F₂ + 2HF

OR

1. P₄ + 20HNO₃ (Conc.) → 4H₃PO₄ + 20NO₂ + 4H₂O
2. PCl₃ + 3H₂O → H₃PO₃ + 3HCl

Answer 7.

1. Mole fraction : It is fraction of a component present in each mole of solution
   
2. Reverse osmosis : It is the movement of pure solvent molecules from solution through semi-permeable membrane on application of pressure greater than osmotic pressure to the higher concentration side.

Answer 8.

Answer 9.
Cu(s) + 2Ag⁺(aq) → Cu²⁺(aq) + 2Ag (s) n = 2
Since ΔG° = – nFE_Cell° = – 2.303 RT log K_c

Answer 10.

1. Sandmeyer’s reaction : Freshly prepared diazonium salt on mixing with cuprous chloride or bromide gives chloro or bromo benzene respectively. Such a reaction is known as Sandmeyer’s Reaction.
   
2. Hinsberg’s reagent with 1° amine :
   Benzene sulphonyl chloride is known as Hinsberg’s reagent:
   

Answer 11.
K_H = 0.562 k atm = 0.562 × 10³ atm
Pressure of gas P(g) = 760 mm Hg = 1 atm
from Henry’s law

Answer 12.
Since,
Cell constant (G*) = Conductivity (K) × resistance (R)
= 1.29 S/m × 100 Ω = 129 m^-1 = 1.29 cm^-1
∴ K for 0.02 M KCl solution

Answer 13.
(a) According to V.B.T the electronic arrangement of [COF₆]^3-.
Co(27) → [Ar] 3d⁷4s²
Co³⁺ → [Ar] 3d⁶

It’s Geometry is octahedral, and it is paramagnetic in nature.
(b) Geometrical isomers of [Fe(CN)₄ (NH₃)₂]^– :

Answer 14.

• Lyophilic colloids : In these, there are attracting forces acting between particles of dispersion medium and dispersed phase and hence these are known as lyophilic colloids. These are reversible in nature.
• Lyphobic Colloids : There is no interaction or have very little interactions between the particles of dispersed phase and dispersion medium, i.e. these are solvent repelling colloids. Hence they known lyophobic colloids and they are irreversible in nature.
  Example of Lyophilic colloids -Starch sol, gum, gelatine.
  Lyophilic colloids -Arsenic sulphide sol, Au sol, sulphur sol etc.
  Lyophobic sols can easily get coagulated.
• Reason : Due to very less interactions between dispersed phase and dispersion medium, coagulation takes place easily.

Answer 15.
If pressure of N₂O₅ (g) decrease by 2x atm, then

Total pressure P_t = 0.5 + x = 0.512
So x = 0.012
Pressure of N₂O₅ at time t = 100 s is 0.5 – 2x
i.e. P_t = 0.5 – 2 × 0.012 0.476 atm
Since for a first order reaction

K = 4.98 × 10^-4 s^-1

Answer 16.

Answer 17.

1. Froth floatation process : Different wettability of ore and gangue particles is the principle involved.
2. Chromatography : The principle involved in this process is different adsorbability of various components of a mixture.
3. Magnetic separation : This is based on the principle of different magnetic properties of the ore components. If either the ore or the gangue particles is capable of being attracted by a magnetic field, then such separation can be carried out.

Answer 18.

Answer 19.

Answer 20.

1. Aspartame gets decomposed at cooking temperature, hence limited to cold food only.
2. When foreign proteins, flower pollens or any disease causing pathogens attached to mast cell it produces histamine for allergic action to act against these foreign particles.
3. Drugs are the chemicals which produces a biological response (pharmacological effect) even when taken in very small dose and may prove fatal. Doctors are aware of all sorts of useful and ill effects of such drugs. Therefore, doctors must be consulted before taking any medicine.

Answer 21.

(b) In vapour phase, sulphur exists as S₂ molecule like O₂ and posses impaired electrons in antibonding molecular orbitals (π^*_3Px and π^*_3Py).
(c) There is weak vander wall’s forces exist among noble gas molecules, hence they have low boiling points.

Answer 22.

1. There is more +I-effect from the two alkyl group of ketones, hence carboxyl carbon has less positive charge and so it will be less reactive than an aldehyde.
2. Phenoxide ion has more number of resonating structures but the negative charge lies on less electronegative carbon atoms, hence contribution of such structures is negligible as compared to the resonating structure of carboxylate ion where negative charge lies on the oxygen atom. So the contribution of resonance structures is much more in case of carboxylate ion.
3. Esterification reaction is a reversible reaction, hence ester is distilled off as soon as it is formed.
   

Answer 23.

1. Antiseptics
2. Chloroxylenol, isopropanol, castor oil, soap and pine oil.
3. Iodoform, Tincture iodine
4. Care for all human beings, knowledge of science, concern for maid servant.

Answer 24.

1. 1. Cerium (Ce) (others Gd, Ho, Dy etc)
   2. 5f orbital has poorer shielding than 4f orbital, as a result element to element actinoid contraction is greater than lanthanoid contraction.
   1. MnO^–₄ + I^– \(\underrightarrow { { OH }^{ – } } \) MnO₂ + IO^–₃
   2. NO^–₂ + MnO^–₄ + H⁺ → NO^–₃ + Mn²⁺
   3. Cr₂O^2-₇ + Fe²⁺ + H⁺ → Cr³⁺ + Fe³⁺ + H₂O

OR

1. La₂O₃ is ionic because ‘La’ has largest atomic size and largest ionisation enthalpy among the lanthanoids, whereas Lu₂O₃ is covalent because Lu has smaller size and higher ionisation enthalpy.
2. As the size decreases from La to Lu, therefore the stability of oxo-cations also decreases.
3. The stability of complexes increases as the size of lanthanoids decreases.
4. Radii of 4d and 5d elements are almost same due to lanthanoid contraction.
5. Acidic character of oxides of lanthanoids increases from La to Lu because metallic character decreases due to decrease in atomic size and increase in ionisation enthalpy.

Answer 25.
(a) Since element N is in CCP array there will be 4 ‘N’ atoms and 8 tetrahedral voids, out of which 1/3 is occupied by m atoms, hence formula of the compound:
M_{4×\(\frac { 1 }{ 4 }\)} N₃ ⇒ M₂N₃ is the formula for the given compound.
(b) From question:
Z = 4 for ccp arrangement
radii = 141.4 pm, d = 8 g/cm³
mass of sample = 220 g
No. of atoms in sample (n) = ?

OR
(a) Two main types of semiconductors are:
(i) n-type semiconductor
(ii) p-type semiconductor
n-type semiconductors are formed when an element of higher valency is doped in element of lower valency, e.g. Si is doped with Arsenic (As). The extra electron not involved in covalent bond formation increases the conductivity of doped element, p-type semiconductors are formed when element of higher valency is doped with element of lower valency, e.g. Si is doped with Gallium (Ga). It leads to the formation of holes or electron vacancy in doped element.

Conduction mechanism :
n-type semiconductors-Conduction is due to delocalisation of free electrons in the element lattice.
p-type semiconductors-Conduction is due to movement of holes in doped element lattice.
(b) From the given information
Molar mass (M) = 2.7 × 10^-2 g mol^-1 = 27 g/mol
Edge length (a) = 405 pm = 405 × 10^-10 cm
density (d) = 2.7 × 10³ kg/m³ = 2.7 g/cm³

Alternately: in CGS unit
Z = 4

Answer 26.

(b) (i)

Reagent	Ethanol	Propan-1-ol
NaOH + I2 (heat)	Yellow ppt of CHI3 forms	No reaction for yellow ppt formation

(ii)

Reagent	Anisole	Phenol
Neutral FeCl3	No colour change	Dark green,grey-violet coloured complex will form

(iii)

Reagent	Ethoxy ethane	Ethanol
Na metal	No H2 gas formation	Bubbles of H2 gas will come out.

OR

(ii) Propane < methoxy methane < ethanol
(iii) Butan-1-ol < Butan-2-ol < 2-methyl propan-2-ol
(b) (i) Phenoxide ion is resonance stablised, hence phenol is more acidic than ethanol.

We hope the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 6 help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 6, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 4 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 4.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 4

Board	CBSE
Class	XII
Subject	English Core
Sample Paper Set	Paper 4
Category	CBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 4 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Englsih Core is given below with free PDF download solutions.

Time Allowed: 3 hours
Maximum Marks: 100

General Instructions

• This paper is divided into three sections: A, B and C. All the sections are compulsory.
• Separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary.Read these instructions very carefully and follow them faithfully.
• Do not exceed the prescribed Word limit while answering the questions.

SECTION A
READING (30 MARKS)

Question 1.
Read the following passage carefully. (12 Marks)

1. Too many parents these days can’t say no. As a result, they find themselves raising ‘children’ who respond greedily to the advertisements aimed right at them. Even getting what they want doesn’t satisfy some kids; they only want more. Now, a growing number of psychologists, educators and parents think it’s time to stop the madness and start teaching kids about what’s really important: values like hard work, contentment, honesty and compassion. The struggle to set limits has never been toughter—and the stakes have never been higher. One recent study of adults who were overindulged as children, paints a discouraging picture of their future: when given too much too soon, they grow up to be adults who have difficulty coping with life’s disappointments. They also have distorted sense of entitlement that gets in the way of success in the work place and in relationship.

2. Psychologists say that parents who overindulge their kids, set them up to be more vulnerable to future anxiety and depression. Today’s parents themselves raised on values of thrift and self-sacrifice, grew up in a culture where no was a household word. Today’s kids want much more, partly because there is so much more to want. The oldest members of this generation were born in the late 1980s, just as PCs and video games were making their assault on the family room. They think of MP3 players and flat screen TV as essential utilities, and they have developed strategies to get them. One survey of teenagers found that when they crave for something new, most expect to ask nine times before their parents give in. By every measure, parents are shelling out record amounts. In the heat of this buying blitz, even parents who desperately need to say no find themselves reaching for their credit cards.

3. Today’s parents aren’t equipped to deal with the problem. Many of them, raised in the 1960s and 1970s, swore they’d act differently. Many even wear the same designed clothes as their kids and listen to the same music. And they work for more hours; at the end of a long wee, it’s tempting to buy peace with ‘yes’ and not mar precious family time with conflict. Anxiety about future is another factor. How do well intentioned parents say no to all the sports gear and arts and language lessons they believe will help their kids thrive in an increasingly competitive world? Express agree: too much love won’t spoil a child. Too few limits will.

4. What parents need to find, is a balance between the advantages of an affluent society and the critical life lessons that come from waiting, saving and working hard to achieve goals. That search for balance has to start early. Children need limits on their behaviour because they feel better and more secure when they live within a secured structure. Older children learn self-control by watching how others, especially parents act. Learning how to overcome challenges is essential to become a successful adult. Few parents ask kids to do chores. They think their kids are already overburdened by social and academic pressure. Every individual can be of service to others, and life has meaning beyond one’s own immediate happiness. That means parents eager to teach values have to take a long, hard look at their own. (Delhi 2014)

I. Answer the following questions as briefly as possible. (9 Marks)

(a) What values do parents and teachers want children to learn? 2
(b) What are the results of giving the children too much too soon? 2
(c) Why do today’s children want more? 1
(d) What is the balance which the parents need to have in today’s world? 2
(e) What is the necessity to set limits for children? 2

II. Find words from the passage which mean the same as: (1 × 3 = 3 Marks)

(a) a feeling of satisfaction (para 1)
(b) valuable (para 3)
(c) important (para 4)

Question 2.
Read the following poem carefully. (10 Marks)

To the Men of England

1. Men of England, wherefore plough
For the lords who lay ye low?
Wherefore weave with toil and care
The rich robes your tyrants wear?

2. Wherefore feed and clothe and save
From the cradle to the grave
Those ungrateful drones who would
Drain your sweat—nay, drink your blood?

3. Wherefore, Bees of England, forge
Many a weapon, chain, and scourge,
That these stingless drones may spoil
The forced produce of your toil?

4. Have ye leisure, comfort, calm,
Shelter, food, love’s gentle balm?
Or what is it ye buy so dear
With your pain and with your fear?

5. The seed ye sow, another reaps;
The wealth ye find, another keeps;
The robes ye weave, another wears;
The arms ye forge, another bears.

6. Sow seed—but let no tyrant reap:
Find wealth—let no imposter heap:
Weave robes—let not the idle wear:
Forge arms—in your defence to bear.

7. Shrink to your cellars, holes, and cells—
In hall ye deck another dwells.
Why shake the chains ye wrought? Ye see
The steel ye tempered glance on ye.

8. With plough and spade and hoe and loom
Trace your grave and build your tomb
And weave your winding-sheet—till fair
England be your Sepulchre.

By Percy Bysshe Shelley

I. Answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option : (1 × 2 = 2 Marks)

(a) ‘Lords’ in the second line refers to :

1. god
2. money lenders
3. rich masters
4. headman

(b) The figure of speech in the phrase ‘Bees of England’ is :

1. simile
2. metaphor
3. repetition
4. personification

II. Answer the following questions as briefly as possible. (1 × 6 = 6 Marks)

(c) What is the theme of the poem ‘To the Men of England’?
(d) Why must the workers revolt?
(e) Why are the idle rich called ‘drones’?
(f) Why is the worker’s lot sad?
(g) Which phrase strongly conveys the idea of the worker’s entire life?
(h) What does the poet wish to convey by the phrase ‘nay, drink your blood’?

III. Find words from the passage which are similar in meaning to the following. (1 × 2 = 2 Marks)

(a) to decorate (line 26)
(b) tomb (line 32)

Question 3.
Read the following passage carefully. (8 Marks)

I remember my childhood as being generally happy and can recall experiencing some of the most carefree times of my life. But I can also remember, even more vividly, moments of being deeply frightened. As a child, I was truly terrified of the dark and getting lost. These fears were very real and caused me some extremely uncomfortable moments. Maybe it was the strange way things looked and sounded in my familiar room at night that scared me so much. There was never total darkness, but a street light or passing car lights made clothes hung over a chair take on the shape of an unknown beast. Out of the comer of my eye, I saw curtains move when there was no breeze. A tiny creak in the floor would sound a hundred times louder than in the daylight and my imagination would take over, creating burglars and monsters. Darkness always made me feel helpless. My heart would pound and I would lie very still so that ‘the enemy’ wouldn’t discover me. Another childhood fear mine was that I would get lost, especially on the way home from school. Every morning, I got on the school bus right near my home — that was no problem. After school, thought, when all the buses were lined up along the curve, I was terrified that I would get on the wrong one and be taken to some unfamiliar neighbourhood. I would scan the bus for the faces of my friends, make sure that the bus driver was the same one that had been there in the morning, and even then ask the others over and over again to be sure I was in the right bus. On school or family trips to an amusement park or a museum, I wouldn’t let the leaders out of my sight. And of course, I was never very adventurous when it came to taking walks or hikes because I would go only where I was sure I would never get lost.

Perhaps, one of the worst fears I had as a child was that of not being liked or accepted by others. First of all, I was quite shy. Secondly, I worried constantly about my looks, thinking people wouldn’t like me because I was too fat or wore braces. I tried to wear ‘the right clothes’ and had intense arguments with my mother over the importance of wearing flats instead of saddled shoes to school. Being popular was very important to me then and the fear of not being liked was a powerful one.

One of the processes of evolving from a child to an adult is being able to recognize and overcome our fears. I have learnt that darkness does not have to take on a life of own, that others can help me when I am lost and that friendliness and sincerity will encourage people to like me. Understanding the things that scared us as children helps to cope with our lives as adult. (Delhi 2014)

A. On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it, using headings and sub-headings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary—minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it. (5 Marks)

B. Write a summary of the passage in about 80 words. (3 Marks)

SECTION B
ADVANCE WRITING SKILLS (30 MARKS)

Question 4.
You are the secretary of the welfare association of your colony. An unfortunate incident of dowry death has occurred in your colony. Design a poster in not more than 50 words highlighting the evils of the dowry system to create awareness among the people. (Delhi 2014) (4 Marks)
OR
You are a businessman who wants to set up a small garment shop in your city. Draft an advertisement seeking a suitable space for rent, to be published in the ‘Wanted Accomodation’ column of a local newspaper. Write the advertisement in not more than 50 words. (Delhi 2014)

Question 5.
You are Ketan Panday of 63, Civil Lines, Delhi. You saw an advertisement in the Hindu for the post of accountant in a reputed firm. Write an application in 120-150 words to the Area Manager of Gayatri Consultants, 2 Barakhamba Road, New Delhi, giving your detailed biodata. (Delhi (C) 2015) (6 Marks)

OR

You are awaiting your class 12 results. Meanwhile you would like to do a short term course on personality development. Write a letter to the Director, Personal Care, Hyderabad, enquiring about the course details. You are Kailash/Kusum of 148, Model Town, Delhi. (120-150 words)

Question 6.
In all big cities road rage has become a serious problem. A minor scratch, a little push, or a small brushing past can lead to a scuffle sometimes resulting even in murder. Write an article in 150-200 words on road rage. You are Ketan/Karuna. (10 Marks)

OR

Education has always been a noble profession. Our ancestors received their learning at gurukuls and ashrams. Even In the past pathshalas (schools) were associated with places of worship. Today, education is fasts becoming commercialised. Parents have to shell out a lot of money on coaching classes, tuition fees, etc. Write an article in 150-200 words on ‘The State of Education Today’. You are karun/karuna. (All India 2016)

Question 7.
The Lions Club and Apollo Hospital, Chennai organised a blood donation camp in your school. You reached there as a reporter. Write a report to be published in your school magazine in 150-200 words. (10 Marks)
OR
You are Nishant/Nisha, a student of class-XII. You are asked to participate in the debate competition and speak in favour of motion — Joint Family is the most appropriate way of life. Your debate should not exceed 200 words.

SECTION C
TEXTBOOKS AND EXTENDED READING TEXT (40 MARKS)

Question 8.
Read the following extract carefully and answer the questions that follow : (Delhi 2014) (1 × 4 = 4 Marks)

When Aunt is dead, her terrified hands will lie
Still ringed with ordeals she was mastered by.
The tigers in the panel that she made
Will go on prancing, proud and unafraid.

(a) Who is the aunt mentioned here?
(b) Why is she ringed with ordeals?
(c) What is the difference between her and the tigers?
(d) Name the poet.

OR

It would be an exotic moment (Delhi (C) 2015)
without rush, without engines;
we would all be together
in a sudden strangeness.

(a) Which exotic moment is referred to in these lines?
(b) Why would the moment be strange?
(c) What does the poet advocate in the poem?
(d) What does the poet mean by the word ‘engines’?

Question 9.
Answer any four of the following questions in about 30-40 words each: (4 × 3 = 12 Marks)

(a) What is the misadventure that William Douglas talks about? (NCERT)
(b) Is Saheb happy working at the tea stall? Explain. (NCERT)
(c) What were the poet’s feelings as she drove to Kochi airport? (Delhi (C) 2015)
(d) Why are Aunt Jennifer’s hands ‘terrified’?
(e) Why did Jackson ask Stephens to take Evans’s razor and nail-scissors out of the cell after he finished shaving?
(f) What was the fate of the man who locked himself up in his room? Why does Mr. Lamb give this example? (All India 2016)

Question 10.
Douglas fully realized the truth of Roosevelt’s statement ‘All we have to fear is fear itself.’ How did this realization help him brush aside his fear and become an expert swimmer? (120-150 words) (Delhi 2014) (6 Marks)
OR
Do you think truth prevails against all odds? Why do you think Gandhi considered the Champaran episode to be a turning point in his life?

Question 11.
Reflecting on the story what did you feel about Evans’ having the last laugh. (120-150 words) (NCERT) (6 marks)
OR
Why js an adult’s perspective on life different from that of a child’s? (NCERT)

Question 12.
Why did Mrs. Hall think that her conversational advances were ill-timed? (120¬150 words) (6 Marks)
OR
Marvel is the only character in ‘The Invisible Man, who interacts with Griffin and gains something. Comment. (120-150 words) (All India 2016)

Question 13.
Silas Mamer lost his hoard of gold. Describe the circumstances under which his ‘gold’ is restored to him in the form of Eppie. (120-150 words) (Foreign 2015) (6 Marks)
OR
How did Griffin make himself completely invisible at coach and horses? (120-150 words) (Foreign 2015)

ANSWERS

Answer 1.
I. (a) Parents and teachers want the children to learn the values like hardwork, contentment, honesty, compassion and setting limits.
(b) If children are given too much too soon, they would not be able to cope with life’s disappointments.
(c) Today’s children want more as there are more goods available in the market.
(d) The parents have to balance the advantages of an affluent society and critical life lessons.
(e) Living within limits make the children feel safe and in a secured structure.

II. (a) contentment (b) precious (c) critical

Answer 2.
I. (a) (iii) rich masters (b) (iv) metaphor
II. (c) The poem is a passionate plea for social justice.
(d) The workers must revolt against their rich masters as they exploit and bring them down.
(e) The idle rich are called drones because they live off the labour of others.
(f) The worker’s lot is sad because they are deprived of the fruit of their labour.
(g) The phrase ‘cradle to the grave’ conveys this idea.
(h) The phrase conveys the heartlessness, and savagery of the rich masters who are impervious to the plight of the masses whom they exploit incessantly.

III. (a) deck (b) sepulchre

Answer 3.

A. TITLE: My Childhood Fears

NOTES :

1. narrator’s childhood

1. generally happy
2. often marked by fear

2. foremost fear due to overactive imagintn.

1. strange appearance of familiar things
2. strange sounds
3. darkness
4. creaking doors

3. fear of getting lost

1. feared boarding wrong bus
2. made sure that the driver and frnds. were the same
3. remained close to group leaders on trips

4. fear of being unpop.

1. was shy
2. worried about looks

5. lessons learnt

1. overcoming fears—part of growing up
2. understanding our fears imp. to ovrcm. them

Key to Abbreviations

imagintn : imagination
frnds : friends
unpop : unpopular
imp : important
ovrcm : overcome

B. SUMMARY

The narrator had a generally happy childhood though it was not without some fears. His foremost fear was due to an overactive imagination . He feared the strange sounds and appearance of things. Darkness, creaking doors frightened him much. He also feared getting lost. He feared boarding the wrong bus, and would check the faces of the driver and his friends to ensure that he was on the right bus. He was shy and feared being unpopular. He has learnt the needs to understand one’s fears to overcome them.

Answer 4.

Answer 5.

63, Civil Lines
Delhi
19th September, 2016
Gayatri Consultants
2 Barakhamba Road
New Delhi

Sub: Application for the post of a librarian

Dedr Sir,

With reference to your advertisement in ‘The Hindu’ dated 7th September, 20×× inviting applications for the position of an accountant, I hereby offer my candidature for the same. As regards my qualifications and experience, I am enclosing my bio-data to enable you to make an assessment of my suitability for the given post. In case my application is considered, I will be available for the interview at any time suitable to you.

If selected, I assure you that I shall work with utmost dedication and sincerity to your full satisfaction.

Hoping for a favourable response.
Yours faithfully
Ketan Panday
Enclosure: Bio-Data

OR

148, Model Town
Delhi
7th April, 20××
The Director
Personal Care
Hyderabad

Sub: Enquiry regarding personality development course.

Sir

I am waiting for my class 12 board results which are due around the end of May. I am keenly interested in pursuing a course in personality development in this intervening time, from your prestigious institution.

You are requested to address the following queries regarding the course :

• When can I join?
• What is the duration of the course?
• What is the batch strength?
• What is the number of classes per week?
• What is the duration of the classes?
• What is the fees?

You are requested to reply at your earliest convenience to enable me to enroll for the course at the earliest.

Thank you

Yours sincerely
Kailash

Answer 6.

Road Rage: A Growing Menace
By Karuna

Any emotion of violence while driving can be called road rage or driver fury. Everyone knows the perils of road rage. It has been featured on TV shows, in movies, and even in video games. But what’s really the psychology behind the road rage phenomenon and what causes road rage and aggressive driving? A predisposition to road rage is cultivated as early as childhood. Drivers grow up being socialized into a culture of hostility rather than mutual support and peace.

Road rage can be controlled by cognitive therapy. One can immediately make loud funny noises or wailing, or if you prefer, burst out singing in a loud voice. These are the ways drivers can distract themselves from feelings of road rage. After a few seconds start talking to yourself. Give yourself all the rational reasons for not doing anything and to just forget the situation counting yourself lucky. Convince yourself you are more of a human being if you forgive, forget, and live to get to your destination without a side stop at the hospital or police station.”

Such avoidance techniques and proper education can work to help most drivers avoid road rage.

OR

The State of Education Today
By Karan

Education was something that was always driven by devotion and thought. Helped by their own volition, teachers were successful potters moulding men and women into good citizens. Sadly, today the department of education has been corrupted by the commercialization of education that manufactures solipsists but doesn’t nurture altruists. While it is true that education must evolve as time passes but commercialization of education is the worst thing that could ever have happened. In a race to excel more than most of one’s competitors, coaching classes along with other institutions have become a resort for the ‘betterment’ of students’ academic performances. They are perceived as simultaneously a compulsion, and criticized a lot for spoiling education, students’ lives, standard of schools, etc. Due to the attending of coaching classes by almost all students in cities, the interest of school teachers to impart knowledge to students has now started dipping gradually.

It is sad how the poor parents have been doubly- burdened. They have to shell out the exorbitant school fees along with the hefty, hourly charges of tuition classes. In fact taking extra tuitions is a matter of pride among the student group. Students are in fact relying on the tuition centers and not their own ability to study the books. They need to understand that there is no substitute for self study, not even tuition classes.

Answer 7.
Blood Donation Camp At Parag International School

Reported by Jaya Prakash

Nagpur, 20th March, 20××: A one day medical camp was organised in the school with the help of Lions Club and Apollo Hospital. 75 people were benefited in the one-day medical camp organised jointly by the Lion Club and Apollo Hospitals, Chennai. 50 Doctors with an equal number of Paramedical staff arrived at the school at 10 a.m. Students had already lined up to donate blood. Around 20 staff members were also ready to donate blood. The team was welcomed by the school principal Ms. Murti and her team of staff members. First of all they were served tea and a light breakfast. Then they set about collecting blood. The students had already been briefed about it. The team of doctors was happy to see the enthusiasm among the school children. Few parents had also arrived by the end of the day. The head doctor, Dr. Satish appreciated the efforts made by the school for this noble cause and thanked everybody for putting their share in this noble cause. Lions Club had made elaborate arrangements and the medical staff was provided by the Apollo Hospital, Chennai. The blood donation camp was a huge success.

OR

Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, members of staff and friends!

I, Nishant stand before you to speak for the motion on ‘Joint Family is the most appropriate way of life’ in the context of our age-old culture. We know that our culture lays much emphasis on human values of love, affection, pity, mercy, sympathy, help, compassion etc. Human life and survival are the most important aspects of life. Such a way of life is possible only in a joint family. In a joint family, the eldest member has all the worries of caretake of his entire family. In return he is respected and is honourable for all. Children and women are paid due attention as they are the future of the family lineage. Duties are shared as the joint family becomes a fine example of the division of labour. The weak and the old are equally looked after. Thus the joint family becomes the most desirable way of life in which members progress and are helped by all. Cooperation, sharing of work, taking care of the children, the weak and the elderly are its important aspects. The old don’t become victims of negligence as they become in a nuclear family

Answer 8.

(a) The aunt mentioned here is the narrator’s aunt Jennifer.
(b) She will be ringed with ordeals as she is surrounded by the problems of her married life. It seems that she will get no respite even after her death.
(c) Jennifer’s ‘tigers’ will go on jumping ahead, proud and unafraid. While the aunt will remain caught up in the mental and social shackles of matrimony.
(d) The poet is Adrienne Rich.

OR

(a) When we will be silent and still, it would be an exotic moment.
(b) For some time all humanity will be at a stand still. It will thus be strange as such a thing is unusual.
(c) The poet advocates peace, silence and rest for all human beings.
(d) ‘Engines’ refers to all the machines that humans have created to make lives easier.

Answer 9.

(a) At the age of ten or eleven William O. Douglas decided to learn how to swim at the Y.M.C.A pool because it was only two or three feet deep at the shallow end. He had an aversion to water but he felt comfortable when he paddled with his new water wings in the water. One day he went to the pool when no one else was there. He was waiting for others to come. Then there came a big bruiser of a boy and yelled; “Hi, skinny! How’d you liked to be ducked?” With that he picked Douglas and ducked him into the deep land. He landed in a sitting position, swallowed water and went at once to the bottom. He feared to be drowned. This misadventure caused a lot of trouble to Douglas.

(b) Saheb now works in a tea stall down the road. He is paid 800 rupees and all his meals. Bpt even then he doesn’t seem to be happy. The steel canister he carries now is heavier than the plastic bag he used to carry on his shoulders. He is ‘no longer his own master’. He is just a servant. So he is not happy working at the tea stall.

(c) The poetess realised the deep pain in her heart to see her mother’s face like that of a corpse. The poetess put that thought away by looking at the outside world.

(d) Aunt Jennifer’s hands are ‘terrified’ as she still bears the cruel burdens of her not so happy wedded life.

(e) The senior prison officer Jackson didn’t want to take any chance with ‘Evans the Breaker’. He asked Stephens to take away his razor and nail scissors after he had finished shaving. With the razor Evans could cut his throat. He could also use the razor and the nail-scissors as weapons against the invigilator McLeery.

(f) There was a man who was afraid of everything. A bus might run over him. A donkey might kick him to death. So he went into his room. He locked the door and stayed there. A picture fell off the wall on to his head and killed him. Mr Lamb doesn’t want Derry to alienate himself. He wanted Derry to embrace life fearlessly.

Answer 10.
Roosevelt has appropriately said, “All we have to fear is fear itself.” It implies that we fear from fear. Those who have undergone this experience of fear, can only appreciate its worth. William O. Douglas has faced it twice in life. He had a terrible fear of water. He could not go for swimming, canoeing, boating and rafting, etc. He realised that it would ruin his life since it was following and haunting him wherever he went. Fear is our hard core enemy. We must get rid of it at the earliest like Douglas. He hired an instructor to train himself properly. When he got rid of his fear, he checked his training repeatedly by swimming alone several times. When he was sure that no shred of fear remained in his psyche, he finally celebrated his victory over his fear.

OR

It is true that truth will always win despite all odds. Gandhiji was a great believer of truthful living and his handling of the Champaran case amply proved this point.

The Champaran episode proved to be a turning point in the life of Gandhi. He knew the atrocities of the landlord and the share croppers were to plant 15 percent of their holding with indigo and surrender the entire harvest to them as rent. In the meantime, Germany had developed synthetic indigo. Thus the price of the natural indigo would fall in the market sharply. The landlords had obtained agreements from the sharecroppers to pay compensation. Gandhi took up the cause of the poor peasants and he fought against the cruel injustice of the landlord.

Immediately Gandhi proceeded to investigate the facts but an official notice ordered him to quit Champaran immediately. As a result of this struggle, an official commission was set up that declared to refund the money to the sharecroppers. 25 percent of the money was to be paid to the sharecroppers. The British realised that the Indians are self-reliant and the foreigners could not order them in their land. Thus the Champaran episode was a turning point in his life as well in India.

Answer 11.
In ‘Evans Tries An O-Level’ we see a battle of patience and nerves. The Governor and his staff are outwitted by the wily Evans. In this tug of war, Evans proves to be the natural winner. He easily slips out of the net that had been laid to arrest him.

All precautions had been taken to ensure that Evans would not escape. No one wanted to take any chance with ‘Evans the Breaker’. The examination was to be conducted in the cell itself. One of the parsons Mr McLeery was to invigilate. The senior officer Jackson and Stephens had made all necessary arrangements. Evans’s razor and nail-scissors were also taken away. They could be used for cutting his throat or injuring McLeery.

But Evans frustrated all their plans. He could hide a false beard, a pair of spectacles, and some weapon in his cell. Actually, he managed to keep McLeery securely bound and gagged in his study in Broad Street. He had been there since 8.15 a.m. This meant that McLeery never went to prison. Secondly, it was Evans who impersonated McLeery and stayed in the cell. The last act of folly of the Governor was enough to let Evans slip out of their custody.

OR

Children look at this world from a different perspective. Their perspective on life reflects simplicity and innocence and anxiety to be accepted by peers. Jo has a deep sympathy for Roger Skunk. Roger’s bad smell kept all little animals away from him. The wizard made Roger smell of roses. He was happy. Other little animals were now attracted towards him. Jo’s main anger is against the “stupid mommy” of Roger Skunk. It was she who forced the wizard to make Roger Skunk smell very bad again. The hero of the story is always a role model for children. The tender-hearted Jo is shocked at the attitude of that ‘stupid’ mommy. She wants that Roger’s mommy must be punished. The wizard must hit on her head hard with his magic wand.

According to Jack, Roger’s mother doesn’t deserve such a bad punishment. For her Roger must smell like her son. For her the natural identity of Roger is priceless.

Answer 12.
When Mrs. Hall came to the visitor’s room to lay the table, she was surprised to see her visitor still wore his hat and coat, staring out of the window. She noticed that the melting snow from his shoulders dripped upon the carpet. She offered to take his coat and hat for drying but the visitor refused without turning himself. She tried to extend her conversation by saying that the room would be warmer soon. But the visitor made no answer and turned his face away from her. Mrs. Hall felt that the visitor must be tired and would like to be left alone. So she felt that her conversational advances were ill-timed and she whisked out of the room.

OR

Though marvel is the fat, local tramp, who appears to be good for nothing, he is not without intelligence. He is smart enough to realize when he stands to gain. In fact he alone truly gains due to his association with Griffin. His stories that he tells to the press bring him sympathy. In the end, after Griffin dies he finds himself in possession of Griffin’s research recorded in his books and all his stolen money. He also purchases an inn. He regales his customers by narrating to them the stories of the invisible man. He is shrewd enough to keep the books under wraps, perhaps waiting for the right customer. It is ironical that while a genius like Griffin met an undignified death, Marvel once a lazy idler \ comes into money and a respectable life.

Answer 13.

Silas had come to distrust people after his bitter experience in Raveloe. In Lantern Yard he immerses himself in weaving and the money thus earned gave much solace to him. After Dunstan steals Silas’ gold in Lantern Yard, Silas is heartbroken. He would often open his door in the unreasonable hope that it would return to him or some news of it would come to him, but to no avail. On the night of Christmas after Molly poisons herself, her little daughter, strays her towards the light that comes from Silas’s house. Silas saw her as a Christmas gift, the stolen ‘gold’ that was restored to him. He named her Eppie. To convey how invaluable Eppie was to Silas, George Eliot symbolically equates Silas’ lost gold with Eppie.

OR

At the Coach and Horses, Griffin had a showdown with Mrs. Hall on the issue of nonpayment of her dues. Griffin was forced to tell the gathering that he was indeed invisible. He removed the bandage from his head and as he proceeded further, Hall brought Jaffers, the police constable, into Coach and Horses. Jaffers tried to handcuff him. Griffin misled him by promising to surrender himself without the handcuff. In the meanwhile he quickly took off his shoes, socks, coat and trousers. Now he was completely invisible. In a naked state he had the advantage over all others, though he was chilled to the bone in the freezing cold of February.

We hope the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Englsih Core Paper 4 help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 4, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 3 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 3.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 3

Board	CBSE
Class	XII
Subject	Chemistry
Sample Paper Set	Paper 3
Category	CBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 3 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Chemistry is given below with free PDF download solutions.

Time Allowed : 3 Hours
Max. Marks : 70

General Instructions

• All questions are compulsory.
• Question number 1 to 5 are very short answer questions and carry 1 mark each.
• Question number 6 to 10 are short answer questions and carry 2 marks each.
• Question number 11 to 22 are also short answer questions and carry 3 marks each.
• Question number 23 is a value based question and carry 4 marks.
• Question number 24 to 26 are long answer questions and carry 5 marks each.
• Use log table, if necessary. Use of calculators is not allowed.

Questions 

Question 1.
Define zeta potential.

Question 2.
Name an oxoanion having oxidation number of metal equal to its group number.

Question 3.
Draw structure of 4-methoxy, N, N-dimethyl aniline.

Question 4.
Arrange according to increasing acidic strength- phenol, 2-methyl phenol, benzoic acid.

Question 5.
Name the type of semiconductor formed when Cu₂O having metal deficiency defect.

Question 6.
[Fe(CN)₆]^4- and [Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺ are of different colours in dilute solutions. Why?
OR
What is the co-ordination entity formed when excess of aqueous KCN is added to an aqueous solution of copper sulphate? Why is it that no precipitate of copper sulphide is obtained, when H₂S(s) is passed through this solution?

Question 7.
(a) Draw the shape of BrF^–₄.
(b) Arrange according to increasing boiling point HF, HCl, HI, HBr.

Question 8.
Define osmosis & osmotic pressure.

Question 9.
Show that in a first order reaction, time required for completion of 99.9% of reaction is 10 times of the half life (t_1/2) of the reaction.

Question 10.
Write chemical reaction to affect the following change:
(a) Benzene to m-bromophenol
(b) Benzoic acid to aniline

Question 11.
X-ray diffraction studies show that copper crystallises in fee unit cell with cell edge of 3.6 x 10^-8 cm and its density is 8.92 g/cm³. Calculate the atomic mass of copper.

Question 12.

1. What is the significance of leaching in the extraction of Al?
2. Describe a method for refining of nickel.
3. Which possesses more carbon-pig iron or cast iron?

Question 13.
Complete the following chemical equations:

1. XeF₂ + H₂O →
2. H₂O + F₂ →
3. Zn + HNO₃ (dil.) →

Question 14.

1. Find co-ordination number of metal ion in [Co(ox)₂Cl₂]⁺?
2. Which will react with ethylene diamine-ris [Pt(NH₃)₂Cl₂] or trans [Pt(NH₃)₂Cl₂]?
3. What is the role of co-ordination compounds in analytical chemistry. Give one example.

Question 15.
(a) Chlorobutane has higher boiling point than f-butyl chloride. Explain
(b) Arrange according to increasing SN2 reactivity

(c) Give reason, why do alcoholic KOH gives alkene on reaction with haloalkane?

Question 16.

1. Why do all digestive tablets contain salt?
2. Arrange according to increasing coagulating power-Na₃PO₄, NaCl, sugar.
3. Define electrophoresis.

Question 17.
Calculate the mass of a non volatile solute AB₂ (molar mass 60 g/mol) which should be dissolved in 5 litre of water to boil it at 108°C, if K_b for water is 0.52 K Kg mol^-1. (The solution is 80% dissociated in H₂O).
OR
Calculate the osmotic pressure in pascals exerted by a solution prepared by dissolving 1.0 g of polymer of molar mass 1,85,000 g per mole in 450 ml of water at 37°C.

Question 18.
Distinguish between the following pair with a suitable chemical test:

1. Phenol and benzyl alcohol
2. Propanmine and propanal
3. Methanol and propanal

Question 19.
Illustrate the following reaction with a suitable chemical reaction:

1. Carbylamine reaction
2. Crossaldol condensation
3. Sandmeyer reaction

Question 20.

1. Name three type of RNA.
2. Define peptide linkage.
3. Name the deficiency disease caused by vitamin ‘D’.

Question 21.
(a) If slope of this line is -1.25 × 10⁴ K, what will be value of E_a?
(b) If intercept of the line on Y-axis is 14.34 find arrhenius constant ‘A’.

Question 22.
Write monomer units with structure and name for the following polymers:
(a) PTEE
(b) Buna-N
(c) Dacron

Question 23.
In a holiday, Neelam wanted to prepare some halwa for her husband who is diabetic. She does not want to add sugar to halwa, so she wants to use aspartame as artificial sweetner. Her daughter Tanya, a student of class XII chemistry suggested not to use aspartame.

1. Why do Tanya suggested her not to use aspartame?
2. Suggest a suitable artificial sweetner for making Halwa.
3. In which type of food aspartame can be used.
4. Mention the values associated with the suggestion of Tanya.

Question 24.
(i) State the relationship amongst cell constant of a cell, resistance of the solution in the cell and conductivity of the solution. How is molar conductivity of a solution related to conductivity of its solution?
(ii) A voltaic cell is set up at 25°C with the following half cell Al/Al³⁺ (0.001 M) and Ni/Ni²⁺ (0.50M). Calculate the cell voltage

OR
(i) Calculate the potential of hydrogen electrode in contact with a solution whose pH is 10.
(ii) State Faraday’s laws of electrolysis. How much charge in terms of Faraday, F is required for reduction of 1 mol Cr₂O^2-₇ to Cr³⁺.

Question 25.
(i) Complete the following chemical reactions:
(a) kMnO₄ \(\underrightarrow { Heat } \)
(b) Cr₂O^2-₇ + H₂S + H⁺ →
(ii) Describe the preparation of potassium dichromate from chromate ore with chemical equations involved. What is the effect of increasing pH on a solution of potassium dichromate?
OR
Explain the following:

1. Copper (I) ion is not stable in an aqueous solution.
2. Transition metals in general acts as good catalysts.
3. Lanthanoid contraction is less than actinoid contraction.
4. Melting point of Fe is more than Mn.
5. Name the lanthanoid having +4 oxidation state and which acts as oxidising agent.

Question 26.
Two moles of an organic compound ‘A’ (C₇H₆O) on treatment with a strong base gives two compound ‘B’ and ‘C’. ‘B’ on oxidation with alkaline KMnO₄ gives ‘C’. B on reaction with ‘C’ in the presence of cone. H₂SO₄ gives fruity smelling compound ‘D’. Write all the reactions and draw structures of A, B, C & D.
OR

Answers 

Answer 1.
Zeta potential: Adsorption of ions on particles of dispersed phase leads to the formation of electrical double layer. The potential difference between the fixed layer and the diffused layer of opposite charges is called zeta potential or electrokinetic potential.

Answer 2.
MnO^–₄, Cr₂O^2-₇, CrO^2-₄ (any one).

Answer 3.

Answer 4.
2-methyl phenol < phenol < benoic acid (Increasing acidic strength)

Answer 5.
p-type semiconductor

Answer 6.
Explanation according to VBT : Iron is in + 2 state and have 3d⁶ configuration in both the complexes, but [Fe(CN)₆]^4- is an inner orbital-complex so no unpaired electron is there and as a result it is colourless

On the other hand [Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺ is an outer orbital-complex, hence there is unpaired electrons and the complex is coloured.

According to crystal field theory, CN^– is a strong field ligand but H₂O is a weak field ligand, hence t_2g e_g configuration is as follows

OR

since Cu is within the co-ordination sphere, so it will not get precipitated as CuS on passing H₂S(s).

Answer 7.

(b) HCl < HBr < HI < HF (Increasing boiling point)

Answer 8.

• Osmosis : Movement of solvent particles from low concentration solution to higher concentration solution through a semipermeable membrane is known as osmosis.
• Osmotic pressure : The pressure applied on higher concentration side of a semipermeable membrane separating solutions of different concentration, so that there is no net flow of solvent on either side of membrane is known as osmotic pressure.

Answer 9.
For a first order reaction

for 99.9% completion of a reaction, if [A]0 = 100, then
[A]_t = 100 – 99.9 = 0.1

Answer 10.
(a) Benzene to m-bromophenol

(b) Benzoic acid to aniline

Answer 11.
From question Z = 4, a = 3.6 x 10^-8 cm, d = 8.92 g/cm³, λ = ?

Answer 12.

1. Leaching with NaOH(aq) makes soluble complex Al₂O₃ and leaving behind all the impurities.
   Al₂O₃ . xH₂O + NaOH (aq) → Na [Al(OH)₄]
   [from this soluble complex on passing CO₂, Al(OH)₃ gets precipitated from which pure Al₂O₃ can be obtained]
2. Mond’s process is used for refining of nickel in this method Ni converted to volatile complex which breaks down on further heating.
   
3. Pig iron (4% C) possesses more carbon content than cast iron (3% C)

Answer 13.

1. 2XeF₂ (s) + 2H₂O(l) → 2Xe(g) + 4HF(aq) + O₂(g)
2. 2H₂O (l) + 2F₂(g) → 4HF (aq) + O₂(g)
3. Zn + HNO₃ (dil) → 4Zn(NO₃)₂ + 5H₂O + N₂O

Answer 14.

1. Co-ordination number = 6 (∵ ox(Oxilato-bidentate ligand)
2. Ethylene diamine, a bidentate ligand can react only with cis isomer, so cis is [Pt(NH₃)₂ Cl₂] is the correct answer.
3. Role of co-ordination compound in analytical chemistry
   • EDTA for estimation of hardness of water
   • DMG for analysis/confirmation of Ni²⁺ ion
   • Confirmation of chloride ion by dissolving AgCl in NH₃ solution.

Answer 15.
(a) Chlorobutane has larger surface area than compact butyl chloride and as a result, more intermolecular forces in chlorobutane and it has higher boiling point.

(c) KOH + C₂H₅OH → C₂H₂O^–K⁺ + H₂O
Ethoxide ion forms in presence of alcohol is a stronger base than OH^– (hydroxyl) ion, hence it can remove β-hydrogen and leads to the formation of alkene.

Answer 16.

1. Salt is a strong electrolyte, hence coagulate food particles easily and so helps in easy digestion.
2. Sugar < NaCl < Na₃PO₄
3. The movement of colloidal particles under an applied electric potential is called electrophoresis.

Answer 17.
From question
ΔT_b = 108° – 100° = 8°C
= 381 – 373 = 8 K
mass of solvent = 5 litre = 5000 g
K_b = 0.52 K kg mol^-1, molar mass of solute = 60 g/mol
AB₂ is 80% dissociated, so

OR
It is given that
w_B= 1 g, m_B = 1,85,000 g/mol, w_A = 450 mL
T = 37 + 273 = 310K, π = ?

Answer 18.
(a)

Reagent	Phenol	Benzyl alcohol
Neutral FeCl3	Dark grey/violet colour appears	No reaction

(b)

Reagent	Propanmine	Propanal
I2 + NaOH heat	Yellow precipitate will form	No yellow Precipitation

(c)

Reagent	Methanol	Propanal
KMnO4(alk)	HCHO + KMnO4 → CO2 + H2O + Mn2+ CO2 gas is evolved	Acid will form, evolve CO2 on adding NaHCO3

Answer 19.

1. Carbylamine reaction :
   
2. Cross aldol condensation:
   
3. Sandmeyer reaction:
   

Answer 20.

1. Three type of RNA
   • m-RNA
   • t-RNA
   • r-RNA
2. Peptide linkage :
   
   The linkage (amide linkage) present between two amino acids is known as peptide linkage in protein chemistry.
3. Deficiency disease caused by vitamin-D → Rickets and osteomalacia.

Answer 21.
(a) From Arrhenius relation


(b) Since intercept on y-axis is log A, so
log A = 14.34
A = antilog 14.34
A = 2.188 x 10¹⁴ s^-1.

Answer 22.
(a) PTEE

(b) Buna-N

(c) Dacron :

Answer 23.

1. Since aspartame is unstable at cooking temperature, so Tanya suggested her mother not to use it.
2. Sucralose or Alitame
3. Aspartame can be used for cold food items.
4. Knowledge of chemistry, concern for family.

Answer 24.
(i) Relationship between cell constant, resistance and conductivity of a cell:

(ii) Since Al³⁺/Al reduction potential has more -ve value as it will act as anode and nickel will act as cathode. The cell will be

OR
Since pH of solution is 10, so [H⁺] = 10
From Nemst equation at 298 K

(ii) Faraday’s first law : The amount of chemical reaction which occurs at any electrode during electrolysis by a current is proportional to the quantity of electricity passed through the electrolytic solution or melt.
Faraday’s second law : The amount of different substances liberated by the same quantity of electricity passing through the electrolytic solution are proportional to their chemical equivalent weights.
Number of Faraday’s required for Cr₂O^2-₇ to Cr³⁺ is 6 F.

Answer 25.
(i) (a) 2KMnO₄ \(\underrightarrow { Heat } \) K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂
(b) Cr₂O^2-₇ + 3H₂S + 8H⁺ → 2Cr³⁺ + 3S + 7H₂O
(ii) Preparation of potassium dichromate:

Effect of increasing pH :
Dichromate ion will convert to form chromate ion as follows :

OR

1. Cu⁺ in aqueous solution undergoes disproportionation, i.e.
   2Cu⁺(aq) → Cu²⁺(aq) + Cu(s)
   The E° value for this reaction is favourable (due to high hydration energy for Cu²⁺ ion)
2. Catalytic property of transition metals is due to their ability of adopting multiple oxidation state and to form complexes.
3. Shielding effect of 4f electrons is more as compared to 5f orbital electrons and hence lanthanoid contraction is less than actinoid contraction.
4. The size of iron is smaller than manganese which compensate for one less impaired electron present in iron in comparison to manganese, hence M-M bond in iron is stronger than Mn and as a result iron has higher melting point than Mn.
5. Lanthanoids with +4 oxidation state are → Ce⁴⁺, Gd⁴⁺, HO⁴⁺, Dy⁴⁺.
   These acts as oxidising agent to acquire +3 oxidation state like other elements of their group.

Answer 26.
Since compound (A) C₇H₆O gives B and C on treatment with a strong base and they combine together in the presence of cone. H₂SO₄ to give fruity smelling it means ester formation takes place and C and B are acid and alcohol. B on oxidation gives ‘C’ it means ‘B’ is alcohol and C is an acid. There is 5 unsaturation in compound A, so the compound must be benzaldehyde having no a hydrogen and gives disproportionation reaction with cone, alkali.

OR

We hope the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 3 help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 3, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 3 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 3.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 3

Board	CBSE
Class	XII
Subject	English Core
Sample Paper Set	Paper 3
Category	CBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 3 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Englsih Core is given below with free PDF download solutions.

Time Allowed: 3 hours
Maximum Marks: 100

General Instructions

• This paper is divided into three sections: A, B and C. All the sections are compulsory.
• Separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary. Read these instructions very carefully and follow them faithfully.
• Do not exceed the prescribed Word limit while answering the questions.

SECTION A
READING (30 MARKS)

Question 1.
Read the following passage carefully. (12 Marks)

1. Suspense was over when my high school results finally came out. But I was upset. I hadn’t done as well as I had expected. My father tried to console me. “Why are you worried? You have done very well my dear.” “No, I haven’t, Baba,” I protested, controlling my tears, and wondering if I had disappointed him. “It doesn’t really matter,” he assured me. “Do you know what I got when I finished high school ?” I looked into Baba’s face and waited for the answer to his own question. ‘You know,” he told me. “I’ve never told you this. I got just a third division. But, look at me, I’ve done quite well.” Baba got a third division! I was almost in shock, but the thought of my having done a lot better than that made me realize that I had no reason to complain. I certainly felt better! “Everything is under control!” said Baba, smiling. That was his favourite phrase. Posted in Kolkata, my father was then a senior official in the Indian Railway Service, and an expert in goods traffic operations. He was soon to become a director with the Railway Board. By the time he retired in 1981, he was general manager of the Central Railways. By the time Baba passed away in November 2000, his name had found place in several hearts as well. He was open, easy to know, and full of life. We were extremely close, but I had so much more to learn about him from many things I came to know after his death.

2. In September 2000, he was in hospital for treatment of cancer and given just two months to live. When he found out, his reaction was an extremely rational one. He asked me to fetch files from his cupboard, so that he could explain the details of my mother’s pension. He also dictated his will from his hospital bed. “Everything is under control!” After Baba’s death, Satish, our old family retainer, was inconsolable. We tried to cheer him up. “Your Baba had scolded me only once in all these years!” he cried. Satish pointed to the watch on his left hand. “I had been coming late for work and everyone in the family was complaining about it,” said Satish. “Then, one day, your Baba gave me this watch and told me, ‘now that you have a watch, you can’t be late’.” That was the scolding Satish received. On the fourth day after Baba’s death, my sister and I had to perform a ceremony. Since several relatives were expected, we decided to order lunch from a caterer in our locality, reputed for his home cooked food. But, when we went to pay the owner, we got a surprise. He refused to accept any money! “When I wanted to start my catering business, it was your father who lent me money,” he told us. It seems Baba never asked for it back. Now, after four or five years, the caterer wanted to repay that debt. Of course, we made him accept the full payment for the fine food and service. ‘It was Baba’s gift and it ought to remain so,” I told him.

3. Some days later, there was yet another piece of information as we were preparing for the main ceremony. Vikram, my brother drove me to the local market. On recognizing our car, the parking assistant, in his twenties, came running towards us and asked why he had not seen its owner for long. We had to break the news to him and to our utter surprise, he started crying. We were really surprised by this reaction from a stranger – until the man told us that Baba used to pay his daughter’s school fees and buy her books. It seems, it was on my father’s advice that he’d even started sending the child to school. More than three years after Baba’s death, as we were looking into Baba’s personal things, we came across an old file with Baba’s certificates and I found among them, his high school diploma from 1937, the one he’d told me about 30 years earlier, about the third division that had made no difference in his life or career. It had made me see beyond mere marks and first classes as the main road to success. But there was one more fact. Baba had actually got a first division, a rare achievement in his day. Today, . years after his passing, when I think of Baba, I see a man who was able to sympathise with others so easily and touch their lives in such a special way. (Delhi (C) 2015)

I. On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option. (1 × 4 = 4 Marks)

(a) Why was the narrator in tears when her school results came out?

1. She did better than she expected.
2. She did not do as expected.
3. Her Baba had not done well.
4. Her Baba had done better than her.

(b) On knowing the result, how did the narrator’s father react?

1. He scolded her.
2. He beat her.
3. He consoled her.
4. He made fun of her.

(c) Why did the narrator say that she had nothing to complain?

1. She had done better than her father.
2. She had done as well as her father.
3. She had topped in her school.
4. She had not worked hard at all.

(d) Choose the option that is not correct.

1. Baba was a senior official in the Indian Railway Service.
2. Baba was to become a director with the Railway Board.
3. Baba was the general manager of the Central Railways.
4. Baba had got a third division in high school.

II. Answer the following questions as briefly as possible. (1 × 6 = 6 Marks)

(e) Why did the narrator’s sick father want her to fetch files from his cupboard ?
(f) Why did Baba buy Satish a watch ?
(g) Why did the caterer not want to take money from the narrator ?
(h) Why were the narrator and her brother surprised on meeting the parking assistant?
(i) Today years after his passing away what has the narrator realized about her Baba?
(j) What was the story that Baba had invented on the day the narrator’s results were published ?

III. Find words from the passage which mean the same as: (1 × 2 = 2 Marks)

(a) tension/anxiety (para 1)
(b) servant (para 2)

Question 2.
Read the following passage carefully. (10 Marks)

1. We often make all things around us the way we want them. Even during our pilgrimages we have begun to look for whatever makes our heart happy, gives comfort to our body and peace to the mind. It is as if external solutions will fulfil our needs, and we do not want to make any special efforts even in our spiritual search. Our mind is resourceful- it works to find shortcuts in simple and easy ways.

2. Even pilgrimages have been converted into tourism opportunities. Instead, we must awaken our conscience and souls and understand the truth. Let us not tamper with either our own nature or that of the Supreme.

3. All our cleverness is rendered ineffective when nature does a dance of destruction. Its fury can and will wash away all imperfections. Indian culture, based on Vedic treatises, assists in human evolution, but we are now using our entire energy in distorting these traditions according to our convenience instead of making efforts to make ourselves worthy of them.

4. The irony is that humans are not even aware of the complacent attitude they have allowed themselves to sink to. Nature is everyone’s Amma and her fierce blows will sooner or later corner us and force us to understand this truth. Earlier, pilgrimages to places of spiritual significance were rituals that were undertaken when people became free from their worldly duties. Even now some seekers take up this pious religious journey as a path to peace and knowledge. Anyone travelling with this attitude feels and travels with only a few essential items that his body can carry. Pilgrims traditionally travelled light, on foot, eating light, dried chickpeas and fruits, or whatever was available. Pilgrims of olden days did not feel the need to stay in special AC bedrooms, or travel by luxury cars or indulge themselves with delicious food and savouries.

5. Pilgrims traditionally moved ahead, creating a feeling of belonging towards all, conveying a message of brotherhood among all they came across whether in small caves, ashrams or local settlements. They received the blessings and congregations of yogis and mahatmas in return while conducting the dharma of their pilgrimage. A pilgrimage is like penance or sadhana to stay near nature and to experience a feeling of oneness with it, to keep the body healthy and fulfilled with the amount of food, while seeking freedom from attachments and yet remaining happy while staying away from relatives and associates.

6. This is how a pilgrimage should be rather than making it like a picnic by taking a large group along and living in comfort, packing in entertainment, and tampering with environment. What is worse is giving a boost to the ego of having had a special darshan. Now alms are distributed, charity done while they brag about their spiritual experiences!

7. We must embark on our spiritual journey by first understanding the grace and significance of a pilgrimage and following it up with the prescribed rules and rituals — this is what translates into the ultimate and beautiful medium of spiritual evolution. There is no justification for tampering with nature.

8. A pilgrimage is symbolic of contemplation and meditation and acceptance, and is a metaphor for the constant growth or movement and love for nature that we should hold in our hearts.

9. This is the truth! (Delhi 2015)

I. On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option. (1 × 2 = 2 Marks)

(a) How can a pilgrim keep his body healthy?

1. By travelling light
2. By eating small amount of food
3. By keeping free from attachments
4. Both (i) and (ii)

(b) How do we satisfy our ego?

1. By having a special darshan
2. By distributing alms
3. By treating it like a picnic
4. Both (i) and (ii)

II. Answer the following questions as briefly as possible. (1 × 6 = 6 Marks)

(c) What change has taken place in our attitude towards pilgrimages?
(d) What happens when pilgrimages are turned into picnics?
(e) Why are we complacent in our spiritual efforts?
(f) How does nature respond when we try to be clever with it?
(g) In olden days with what attitude did people go on a pilgrimage?
(h) What message does the passage convey to the pilgrims?

III. Find words from the passage which are similar in meaning to the following. (1 × 2 = 2 Marks)

(a) made / turned (para 3)
(b) very satisfied (para 4)

Question 3.
Read the following passage carefully. (8 Marks)

More than a century ago, some countries had no police force. Local leaders devised their own methods of ensuring that their orders were carried out and fulfilled. The offender was not given a second chance to repeat his mistake for he was either killed or hunted out of the district.

In England the modern police force grew largely from an unofficial body gathered together by a London magistrate. He found that it was practically impossible to apprehend any of the criminals in his area unless he deployed some men secretly to detect and hunt the culprits.

These unofficial constables had to patrol one large district. They looked upon their position largely as an honorary one and had very little power. Worse still they were sometimes corrupt men themselves for they would conveniently look the other way round in times of trouble, like theft, hooliganism and vandalism.

Magistrate fielding enrolled a few men whom he could explicitly trust and employed them to catch the thieves and other undesirable persons. The majority of the people resented what they thought was a threat to their liberties, intrusion on their privacies and above all spying on them. They maintained that they should have every right to drink themselves to death with any form of alcohol, as so many of them did. They thought too that they should be allowed to quarrel, to fight and even kill amongst themselves. The situation was made worse by the fact that the penalties for offences were very heavy in those days and man could be hanged for the theft of some unimportant thing. Arrest by the magistrate’s men could bring disastrous results.

Contrary to general feeling, the authorities gradually admitted that these early policemen were vitally necessary, after much discussion, argument and persuasion, the government secretly agreed to re-imburse the magistrate for the men he employed. This step was not made public lest it should be thought that the government was planting spies amidst its people. Eventually the public came to look upon the police with a more friendly spirit as the benefits became more noticeable. At long last, men and women could walk along the streets by day and even by night without fear of robbery and other acts of violence. Hitherto, the people were free to do practically anything-good or bad, irrespective of the possible consequences, as the police force built up. The people gave up their freedom to commit evil deeds so that they might have a greater freedom to do good so as to enable one and all to enjoy life peacefully and harmoniously.

A. On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it, using headings and sub-headings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary—minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it. (5 Marks)

B. Write a summary of the passage in about 80 words. (3 Marks)

SECTION B
ADVANCE WRITING SKILLS (30 MARKS)

Question 4.
An inter class drama competition is to be held in St. Stephens School, Vishakhapatnam. As Akash, head boy of the school, draft a notice to be put up on the school notice board inviting entries in about 50 words. Provide all necessary details. (Delhi (C) 2015) (4 Marks)
OR
You are Varsha/Varun, Secretary, Inlingua Institute. The institute is going to start fresh batches in foreign languages shortly. Write a classified advertisement for a local daily announcing the courses in not more than 50 words. Give relevant details.

Question 5.
Along with air and water pollution, our cities are also under attack of noise pollution. Marriage, DJ’s during wedding receptions, loud music from neighbourhood flats, etc. are all sources of noise which is not good for the old, the ailing and students. Write a letter in 120-150 words to the editor of a local newspaper describing the problem and making a request to the concerned authorities to solve it. You are Karan/Karuna, M 114, Mall road, Delhi. (All India 2016) (6 Marks)
OR
You are Karan/Karuna, pursuing a course in tourism from YMCA, Delhi. You recently saw an advertisement offering a limited period discounted trip to Paris. Write a letter to Thomas Cook Travels enquiring about the trip and giving your requirements.

Question 6.
Brain drain is a bane for India. Write an article on it for the school magazine in 150- 200 words. You are the head boy of Salwan Public School, Delhi. (10 Marks)
OR
On Teacher’s Day your principal has asked you to deliver a speech in the morning assembly on ‘The Role of Teachers in a Society’. Write a speech in 150¬200 words. You are Navtej/Navita. (Foreign 2015)

Question 7.
You are Nitin/Navya. You have to participate in a debate for the motion, ‘Westernization has eroded Indian culture’. Write this debate in 150-200 words. (10 Marks)
OR
You are Pari/ Rakesh of Bluebells Academy, Delhi. As the reporter for your school magazine write a report on the Annual Inter School English Debate that was organized in your school recently in about 150 -200 words. Include relevant points like inauguration, venue, participants, etc.

SECTION C
TEXTBOOKS AND EXTENDED READING TEXT (40 MARKS)

Question 8.
Read the following extract carefully and answer the questions that follow: (1 × 4 = 4 Marks)

At back of the dim class
One unnoted, sweet and young. His eyes live in a dream,
Of squirrel’s game, in the tree room, other than this. (Foreign 2015)

(a) Why is the class dim?
(b) Why is the child called ‘sweet and young’?
(c) What does the child want to enjoy?
(d) What is the significance of the phrase ‘other than this’?

OR

And such too is the grandeur of the dooms
We have imagined for the mighty dead;
All lovely tales that we have heard or read:
An endless fountain of immortal drink,
Pouring unto us from the heaven’s brink. (Delhi (C) 2015)

(a) Name the poem.
(b) Who are the ‘mighty dead’ referred to here?
(c) What is the endless fountain of immortal drink?
(d) What does the word ‘brink’ mean?

Question 9.
Answer any four of the following questions in about 30-40 words each : (4 × 3 = 12 Marks)

(a) What does the line ‘Therefore are we wreathing a flowery band to bind us to earth’ suggest to you? (NCERT)
(b) What symbol from nature does the poet involve to say that there can be life under apparent stillness? (NCERT)
(c) What is the misadventure that William Douglas speaks about?
(d) Garbage to them is gold. Why does the author say so about the rag pickers? (Delhi 2008)
(e) Why is Rajkumar Shukla described as being ‘resolute’? (NCERT)
(f) What precautions and arrangements were made for the smooth conducting of the examination and providing Evans with no means of escape?

Question 10.
To be grateful is the virtue of a gentleman. How did the peddler show his gratitude to Edla? (Delhi (C) 2015) (6 Marks)
OR
“It is his Karam, his destiny that made Mukesh’s grandfather go blind.” How did Mukesh disprove this belief by choosing a new vocation and making his own destiny? (Delhi (C) 2015)

Question 11.
How did Jack end Roger Skunk story? How and why did Jo want to change it? (120-150 words) (All India 2016) (6 Marks)
OR
What change took place in Derry when he met Mr. Lamb?(120-150 words) (Delhi (C) 2015)

Question 12.
After reading the novel, The Invisible Man, what opinion do you form of Dr. Kemp? (120-150 words) (6 Marks)
OR
How do William Dane’s deceit and Sara’s desertion affect Silas? (120-150 words) (All India 2016)

Question 13.
Describe Dolly Winthrop as the most lovable character in George Eliot’s ‘Silas Mamer’. (120-150 words) (Delhi 2015) (6 Marks)
OR
Attempt a character sketch of Marvel. (120-150 words) (Delhi 2015)

ANSWERS

Answer 1.

I. (a) (ii) She did not do as expected.
(b) (iii) He consoled her.
(c) (i) She had done better than her father.
(d) (iv) Baba had got third division in high school.

II. (e) The narrator’s sick father wanted her to fetch files from the cupboards as he wanted to explain to her the details of her mother’s pension. if) Baba bought a watch for Satish so that he would never be late.
(g) The caterer did not want to take money from the narrator because he felt indebted to Baba as he had helped him financially to start his business.
(h) The narrator and her brother were surprised on meeting the parking assistant as he started crying on hearing about Baba’s demise. Actually, Baba had been helping him by paying his daughter’s school fees and buying her books.
(i) Years after passing away of Baba, the narrator realized that baba was a deeply sympathetic man and touched people’s lives in a special way.
(j) On the day the narrator’s results were published Baba had invented the story that he had got third division and yet had done so well in his career.

III. (a) suspense (b) retainer

Answer 2.

I. (a) (ii) By eating small amount of food
(b) (iv) Both (i) and (ii)

II. (c) Today we see pilgrimages as picnics.
(d) When pilgrimage is seen as a picnic, spiritual significance is not understood. Comforts, food, AC rooms and entertainment become more important than spiritual activities.
(e) We are complacent in our spiritual efforts because we are materialistic and listen to our ego.
(f) Nature responds with fury and natural disasters can wipe away humans.
(g) In olden days people went on pilgrimages with humility and grace. They understood the spiritual significance of the pilgrimage and respected nature.
(h) The passage conveys the message that pilgrimage should be done for contemplation, meditation and acceptance.

III. (a) rendered (b) complacent

Answer 3.

A. TITLE: Rise of Police Force in England
NOTES :

1. A century ago
(a) no police force
(b) local leaders devised their own methods for law and order
(c) extreme punishments
(i) death (ii) exile

2. Modern police force
(a) by effrts of fielding a magistrt
(b) deployed trustworthy men secretly to catch culprits

3. Duties of constables
(a) patrolling
(b) catch undesirable men

4. Reaction of the people
(a) resented constables as
(i) threat to their freedom
(ii) threat to their rights

5. Authorities’ decision
(a) constle role crucial
(b) secretly agreed to pay them

6. Effects of the decision
(a) ppl became friendly to police
(b) law and order became better
(c) less fear of vio
(d) led to peaceful life for citizens

B. SUMMARY

A century ago there was no police force in England. Leaders devised their own methods to curb crime. Culprits were either killed or exiled. Trustworthy men employed by a magistrate were fielded to keep vigilance on culprits. These men would patrol and nab undesirable men. People saw these constables as impinging on their rights and liberties. However the authorities upheld the practice recognizing that constables were crucial for peace. Gradually when the law and order bettered and people led safer lives, they became friendly to the police.

Key to Abbreviations
effrts : efforts
magistrt : magistrate
constle : constable
ppl : people
vio : violence

Answer 4.

Answer 5.

M 114
Mall Road
Delhi
September 5, 20××
The Editor
Times of India
New Delhi

Sub: Noise pollution caused by excessive noise.

Dear Sir

I beg to draw your kind attention to the fact that along with air and water pollution, our cities are also under attack of noise pollution. Marriage, DJ’s during wedding receptions, loud music from neighbourhood flats, etc. are all sources of noise. Nobody seems to realize that noisy activities are not only stressful but against the norms of civic behaviour.

High levels of noise may cause dull hearing and ringing in the ears. Regular high level noise exposures lead to loss of hearing and other adverse health effects.

Noise is very harmful for the old and the ailing who are in need of peace and quiet. Excessive noise also distracts the students especially during examination days. Recently I had to take my preboard class 12 examinations. I had immense problem concentrating at night because our neighbours had organized a ‘jagrata’ lasting the entire night.Every year a prohibitory order is issued for banning the use of loudspeakers at late night but the question is that who will enforce it?

I request you to ban the use of loudspeakers totally for a period of two months so that the students can prepare well for their examination. I also wish that the law is enforced strictly at all times. Lastly the people need to be sensitized to the harms of noise pollution I request you to publish this letter in your prestigious daily so that the concerned authorities will take note of the distressing rise in noise pollution.

Thank you
Yours sincerely
Karan

OR

YMCA
Rajiv Chowk
Delhi
9 th September, 20××
The Manager
Thomas and Cook
Barakhamba Road

Sub: Inquiry about a trip to Paris

Dear Sir/Madam,

We are doing a vocational course in tourism from YMCA, Delhi. We were surfing on the internet when we came across an advertisement offering a limited period offer of a trip to Paris in your website. We are a group of five and are very interested in visiting Paris because we have Christmas holidays from 25th December to 5th January. We haven’t got a lot of information about the trip and we would like to know more about it. Our queries are listed below:

What does the tour include?

What kind of accommodation will we have?

Will there be a guide on the tour?

In particular, we would like to visit the most important monuments such as the Eiffel Tower or Versailles.

We will be grateful if you send us a brochure at your earliest.

Yours faithfully
Karan

Answer 6.
According to a UN definition, the flight of talent that is required for a country’s development, to another country is called brain drain. It was with great effort and high hopes that we set up our institutes of higher education. It is unfortunate that thousands of our doctors and engineers are leaving the country every year.

We have a large pool of scientific and technical manpower that is waiting for respectable assignments. Several thousand engineering graduates are waiting for employment. Some feel that they are under-employed, so they migrate to countries wherever they find better opportunities. It is also the grievance of some of them that they do not have adequate facilities and a congenial environment for work or research in this country.

The human resources department of the government has laid stress on the evolution of suitable mechanism to bring back and woo talent from other countries. The government must think in terms of instituting a compulsory national service for a limited period of time. The basic facilities congenial for research and education should be provided in the institutions so that our technical graduates do not feel ill-at-ease in their own set-up. Let every graduate realize that he has a duty towards the country that educated him.

OR

A very good morning to the Principal, respected teachers and my dear friends.

We are here today to celebrate a most revered occasion of Teacher’s Day. It is an honorable occasion for the students of India. It is observed every year to pay respect to the teachers. So, dear friends come on and join this celebration to pay a hearty respect to our own teachers. Teachers are the backbone of our society because they contribute to building our characters, shaping our future and help us to be ideal citizens of the country. Teacher’s Day is celebrated all across the India every year on 5th of September to pay tribute to teachers. Teacher’s Day is an occasion to pay tribute and gratitude to teachers for their continuous, selfless and precious efforts in shaping the future. They enrich the quality of education system in the country and improve it. Our teachers teach us from their hearts. As students we need inspiration and motivation which we get amply from our teachers.

They prepare us to tackle life through knowledge and patience.

Dear teachers, we are and will be always grateful to you!

Thank you

Answer 7.
Indian culture, which is one of the oldest and richest cultures, is nowadays posing a serious threat as western culture is establishing its strong base in India and slowly and gradually wiping the Indian culture.

One of the esteemed members of the jury I, Navya stand before you to debate for the motion that westernization has eroded Indian culture.

Westernization has affected our traditions, customs, family and our respect and love for others. The concept of joint families is fast declining and everyone wants to remain aloof from others. Nobody now bothers about others which is totally contradictory to our Indian culture which teaches us to love and share. Westernization has given rise to single families. Marriages are fast breaking and our tolerance and patience are at an end. In today’s scenario where both husband and wife are working, there is no one at home to look after their children or to instill ‘sanskaras’ in them. In majority of case the children prefer to remain away from their parents which is very unfortunate. It is unfortunate that today’s generation has little knowledge about their culture and their roots. This is the mistake of their parents who fail to enlighten their children.

Contradictory to it, parents feel proud in giving the western sanskaras to their children. Unless adults initiate educating their children, they will remain miles away from Indian culture.

OR

Bluebells Academy Hosts Inter-School English Debate
By Rakesh

Delhi, 13th September: Bluebells Academy organized an annual interschool debate competition on 12th September, 20xx. The programme was organized in the spacious auditorium of the school. Twenty four prestigious schools of Delhi and NCR participated enthusiastically in the much awaited debate.

The programme began with the lighting of the lamp. The principal Ms Navya Doshi introduced the chief guest and the three esteemed judges. The chief guest for the programme was Mr. J.M Goel, former ambassador to Thailand. The judges were Mr. M.K. Rana, a professor of English at JNU, Ms Kajal Banneiji, renowned columnist and Ms Lalitha Lalwani, professor at Jamia Milia University.

The participants debated enthusiastically on the motion-Examinations are not a true reflection of a student’s ability’. They also interjected other speakers. The best team prize was bagged by Rajmal Pubilc School. The first two prizes were bagged by Nitin and Mohan of Rajmal Public School, while the third was secured by Suhana of SLF Public School, Noida. They received attractive prizes. The judges congratulated the winners heartily. The chief guest remarked, “It was an honour to be part of such a prestigious debate.” The programme ended with a vote of thanks proposed by-the principal.

Answer 8.

(a) ‘The class is dimly and insufficiently lit. That’s the reason that it has been referred to as ‘dim’.
(b) The child is innocent and indeed young as he belongs to an elementary class.
(c) The child wishes to enjoy watching the squirrel’s play outside. Perhaps he too wishes to be outside in a tree house.
(d) The child dreams of being outside, anywhere except in the confines of the dull and dim classroom.

OR

(a) The poem is A Thing of Beauty by John Keats
(b) The mighty dead are the ancient powerful and brave men who did noble deeds in the past. But now they are dead.
(c) The beautiful things mentioned in the poem are the endless fountain of immortal drink.
(d) The word ‘brink’ means ‘edge’ of heaven.

Answer 9.

(a) We know that this world is often not a happy planet to stay on. From birth to death, it is full of suffering and pain. These things depress our spirits. But God has provided us several things of beauty that pour love and happiness to our depressed feelings. These objects of beauty are like a ‘flowery band’ that keeps us bound to the earth.

(b) The poet does not want us to confuse stillness with total inactivity. There is life under apparent stillness. He quotes the example of the Earth which is active round the clock. Thus the poet involves the Earth as a living symbol to prove his point. When everything seems dead, the Earth proves to be alive under apparent stillness, the nature remains at work and thus keeps the Earth alive.

(c) The narrator was at the Y.M.C.A. pool. He had decided to learn to swim. Suddenly a strongly built boy of eighteen came. He teased the narrator and finally tossed him into water. Very soon he went to the bottom. He struggled to come up but couldn’t. He felt paralysed and suffocated. He was nearly drowned.

(d) For the ragpickers of Seemapuri, garbage is nothing less than gold. It is their ‘daily bread’. For the children it is wrapped in wonder. Sometimes they find a ten-rupee note or even a silver coin in a heap of garbage. For the elders it is a means of survival.

(e) Rajkumar Shukla is described as being ‘resolute’ because he was fully determined to take Gandhi to Bihar. Being an illiterate and poor share cropper from Champaran, he had come to apprise and complain to Gandhi about the injustice of the landlord system in Bihar. He met Gandhi in the Lucknow session of the Congress. He was committed to accompany Gandhi everywhere. Gandhi was very much impressed by his tenacity and fixed time for him in Calcutta. Months passed in waiting. Shukla was sitting at the haunches at the fixed place in Calcutta, till Gandhi was free. Finally both boarded a train to Patna.

(f) The prison-staff and the Governor made all precautions for the smooth conduct of the examination. A parson, Mr. McLeery was to invigilate. Stephens and Jackson were to stand outside the locked cell. Evans’s cell was thoroughly searched for two hours. The Governor himself coordinated and supervised all the activities.

Answer 10.
It is true that thankfulness is the mark of a gentleman. Miss Willmansson had been kind to the peddler all day long, as if he were a captain. For the first time he had received such compassion and trust. He would have been caught in this world’s rattrap if he had not been raised to a captain. That gave power to him to redeem himself. Miss Willmansson found a rattrap and in it lay three wrinkled ten kroner notes. In the rattrap lay a letter. It was addressed to her. She was praised for being so nice to the peddler. Miss Willmansson was full of joy. The peddler returned the stolen 30 kronors to be given to the rightful owner. She also got a rattrap as a Christmas present from him. Thus in showing his gratitude to Edla he proved how he could be as dignified as a captain.

OR

Despite long years of hard labour, Mukesh’s father couldn’t renovate his house nor was he able to send his two sons to school. Mukesh’s grandmother said that it was in his ‘karam’ or destiny to suffer in poverty. But still they couldn’t change their ‘God-given lineage’. Born in the caste of bangle-makers they learnt nothing else except making bangles. Though Mukesh belonged to a poor family of bangle-makers, he dared to challenge his fate. He was determined to be a motor mechanic. He didn’t dream of flying a machine but a car on the roads of Firozabad. It is heartening to see that at least somebody tried to break the shackles of the debilitating mentality of the older generation. With hard work and focus Mukesh could indeed be successful.

Answer 11.
In Jack’s story Roger Skunk’s mommy was very furious that the wizard had made Roger smell like roses. She went straight to the wizard. She took an umbrella and hit that wizard right over his head. Then the wizard was ready to do what she wanted. Roger Skunk did not smell of roses any more. He smelled very bad again, just like a skunk. Jo was unhappy that the hero of the story Roger Skunk was made to smell very bad again. Roger’s mommy wanted it to happen. Jo wanted that the stupid mommy should have been punished. The wizard should have taken the magic wand and hit it very hard on her head. Jo wanted her little hero to smell of roses. The conflict arose because of different perspectives of an adult and a child. While Jack felt compelled to show loyalty to his own mother, Jo felt loyalty for the baby skunk’s peer group with which she identified.

OR

Derry is withdrawn and defiant. He hates people. Acid had burnt one side of his face . This creates an inferiority complex in his mind. When he looks in the mirror and sees it, he is afraid of himself. He thinks that no one will ever kiss him. Only his mother kisses him and that too on the other side of his face. Mr Lamb is a physically challenged man. He has a tin leg. Children call him ‘Lamey Lamb’. But Mr Lamb never minds such things. He has a positive attitude towards life. Mr Lamb’s meeting with Derry brings a turning point in Derry’s life. He gives confidence to Derry. He counsels him that he can get better than rest of the people and that hatred burns one’s inside. Mr Lamb brings a change in Derry’s life. He develops confidence to face the world in a more positive way.

Answer 12.
Dr Kemp is the perfect foil for the maniacal Griffin. Kemp continues his own study in the hope of being admitted to “the Royal Fellows.” His own experiments and fascination with science enable him to listen sensibly to Griffin, but his common sense and decency prevent him from being a part of Griffin’s scheme as he is able to see the evil in them. He betrays Griffin to the police. Kemp is also a calm and practical person in the town once the final attack begins. He runs to escape Griffin, but as soon as Griffin catches him, he has the presence of mind to turn the capture around. He is also the first to realize that even though Griffin is invisible, he is injured, and, ultimately, dead Griffin hopes that Kemp would help him spread the reign of terror, but Kemp is too ethical to join him.

OR

The deceit of William Dane, his close friend leaves Silas disillusioned. On top of that Sarah’s desertion leaves him heartbroken and bitter. He shuts himself up and makes no effort to defend himself in front of Sarah. His faith in God was shaken . He took refuge in his work and devoted himself to it. When he receives the message that Sarah has broken his engagement to him, he responds with silence and resumes his work of weaving. Within a month he gets news of Sarah’s marriage to William Dane. Thus heartbroken and faithless he left for Raveloe where he remains a mystery.

Answer 13.
Dolly is the wheelwright’s wife who helps Silas with Eppie. Dolly later becomes Eppie’s godmother and mother-in-law. She is a kind, patient woman who aids Silas greatly. She first visits him in Raveloe, bringing him a plate of cakes with the initials I.H.S. on them and begging him to at least give up weaving on Sunday. When Silas starts caring for Eppie, Dolly advises him how to care for a child. Later, she becomes Eppie’s godmother and Silas’s trusted advisor in religion and life. Silas goes to seek her advice whenever he has a problem, whether it concerns Eppie’s welfare or his past. Dolly makes him see that he should trust the world. She represents Raveloe’s community spirit and has real concern for others. She is not a stereotyped character. Through her discussions with Silas, she comes across as a convincing personality, slow in thought but steady in faith.

OR

Marvel is a tramp whom Griffin frightens into aiding him. Marvel is short, fat, and a loner. Marvel is something of a stock comical character when we first meet him. He’s a poor, homeless, jobless wanderer, in other words, he’s a vagabond. He wears a shabby, old-fashioned clothes, like his “obsolete hat”, and he has buttons replaced by pieces of string to tie his coat. He is the area tramp. The narrator goes so far as to tell us that he does everything in a leisurely manner. He doesn’t seem to like work or excitement Griffin tries to use as an accomplice. Mr. Griffin perhaps also thinks that he is a little stupid and will thus not be able to resist and will not be believed even if he tries to tell anyone about his predicament. He even thinks of resigning from his job but in vain. Surprisingly he ends up owning an inn and in possession of Griffin’s money and books.

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CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 6 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 6.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 6

Board	CBSE
Class	XII
Subject	English Core
Sample Paper Set	Paper 6
Category	CBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 6 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Englsih Core is given below with free PDF download solutions.

Time Allowed: 3 hours
Maximum Marks: 100

General Instructions

• This paper is divided into three sections: A, B and C. All the sections are compulsory.
• Separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary. Read these instructions very carefully and follow them faithfully.
• Do not exceed the prescribed Word limit while answering the questions.

SECTION A
READING (30 MARKS)

Question 1.
Read the following passage carefully. (12 Marks)

1. Pollution has been defined as the addition of any substance or form of energy to the environment at a rate faster than the environment can accommodate its dispersion, breakdown, recycling or storage in some harmless form. In simpler terms, pollution means the poisoning of the environment by man.

2. Pollution has accompanied mankind ever since groups of people settled down in one place for a long time. It was not a serious problem during primitive times when there was more than ample space available for each individual or group’. As the human population boomed, pollution became a major problem and has remained as one ever since. Cities of ancient times were often unhealthy places, fouled by human wastes and debris. Such unsanitary conditions favored the outbreak of diseases that killed or maimed many people living in those times.

3. The rapid advancement of technology and industrialization today is something that man can be proud of. However, it has brought along with it many undesirable results, one of which is the pollution of our environment. Humanity today is threatened by the dangers of air, water, land and noise pollution.

4. The air that we breathe is heavily polluted with toxic gases, chemicals and dust. These consist of the discharge from industrial factories and motor vehicles. The emission of tetraethyl lead and carbon monoxide from exhaust fumes is a major cause for concern too. Outdoor burning of trash and forest fires has also contributed to air pollution. They cause the smarting of the eyes, bouts and coughing and respiratory problems. Owing to the burning of fossil fuels, the level of carbon monoxide in the air is more than desirable. Too high a level of carbon dioxide will cause the Earth’s temperature to rise. The heat will melt the polar caps, thus raising the sea level and causing massive floods around the world. The burning of fuels also produces gases which form acid rain. Acid rain has a damaging effect on water, forest and soil, and is harmful to our health.

5. Man has reached the moon and invented supersonic crafts that can travel faster than the speed of sound. However, these inventions emit pollutants which contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer. This depletion of ozone, which absorbs the harmful rays of the sun and prevents them from reaching the Earth, will have drastic effects on all living things. It will lead to a rise in the number of people suffering from skin cancer.

6. Water pollution has become widespread too. Toxic waste has found its way into our lakes, streams, rivers and oceans. This waste is released by factories and sea-going vessels. Spillage of oil by tankers and during the recent Gulf War has caused irreparable damage to marine life. Thousands of sea animals have died or were poisoned by the pollutants in their natural habitat. As such, it is dangerous for humans to consume sea food caught in polluted waters.

7. Dumping of used cars, cans, bottles, plastic items and all other kinds of waste material is an eyesore. Much of the refuse is not biodegradable and this interferes with the natural breakdown process of converting substances from a harmful form to a non harmful one. As such, it becomes a hazard to one’s health.

8. We are often faced with noises from construction sites, jet planes and traffic jam. we may be unaware of it but noise pollution has been attributed to causing a loss of hearing, mental disturbances and poor performance at work.

9. To control environmental pollution, substances which are hazardous and can destroy life must not be allowed to escape into the environment. This calls for united decision¬making among world leaders and a public awareness of the dangers of pollution.

I. On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option. (1 × 4 = 4 Marks)

(a) Pollution was not a serious problem in ancient times because:

1. people were unsettled.
2. lot of space was available.
3. population was less.
4. all of the above.

(b) Acid rain does not cause:

1. smarting of eyes.
2. water pollution.
3. soil pollution.
4. damage to forest.

(c) The number of people suffering from skin cancer will rise because :

1. man has invented supersonic aircrafts
2. ozone layer is depleting.
3. no efforts are being made to repair the ozone layer.
4. inventions emit pollutants that deplete the ozone layer which absorbs cancer- causing rays.

(d) If the refuse is not biodegradable it:

1. becomes an eyesore.
2. interferes with natural breakdown.
3. remains a health hazard.
4. both (ii) and (Hi).

II. Answer the following questions as briefly as possible.

(e) Explain how recycling can help prevent pollution.
(f) Briefly explain what you understand by the term ‘acid rain’.
(g) What are the hazards of exposure to excessive noise?
(h) How can pollution be controlled?
(i) How is marine life under threat?

III. Find words from the passage which mean the same as:

(a) Faster than the speed of sound (para 5)
(b) house or lodge (para 1)
(c) ugly, blot on the landscape (para 7)

Question 2.
Read the following passage carefully. (10 Marks)

1. One of the principal values of travelling is that, it breaks the monotony of life and work. Life, for most people, is a mad rush from one place to another, from one activity to another, trying to gather as much as possible.

2. In this process, people tend to forget, who they are and what they are. There is no time to ponder and wonder. They tend to forget the values of life. Travelling is a time when people relax, reflect and ponder. Most people, after a pleasant travel, return home with a fresh outlook, new zeal and a better determination.

3. Travelling has also a great informative value. It widens the grasp of our knowledge of geography, different cultures and people, etc. For example, when people of Assam visit South India, they learn a great deal. They come to know about the geographical features of South India, such as the existence of numerous rivers, coconut groves, backwaters, spice gardens, rubber plantations, oceans, seas, factories, cities, etc.

4. They also learn many things about the Dravidian culture which characterize the people’s style of living there. They come to know about their mode of living, social life, agriculture, worship, beliefs, art forms, etc. Such a visit is bound to enlighten the visitor and make him/her more appreciative of other cultures.

5. Travelling has a special importance to students. Many of the things they learn in textbooks can be practically understood when they visit various places. When they visit cities, such as, Kolkata, Mumbai, Delhi, etc, or the famous lakes such as Chilka Lake in Odisha, Logtak Lake in Manipur, Dal lake in Kashmir, etc., their grasp of geography is deepened. Visits to industrial centres, such as, Jamshedpur, Kharagpur, Ranchi, Bangalore, Coimbatore, or important places like Cape Comorin, Madurai, Pondicherry, Goa, Kovalam, Cochin, Bhopal, Srinagar, Chandigarh, etc. open their minds beyond their world. Therefore, travelling has a great academic and scholastic value.

6. Another significant value of travelling is that it has the potential to improve one’s health. A visit to places like Nainital, Darjeeling, Shillong, Panchmarhi, Goa, Kovalam, Ooty, etc. can have tremendous effect on our physical and mental health.

7. The beauty and cold of the hills, the charm of the valleys, the chirping of birds, the song of the rivers, the howling of animals, pleasant air, quiet places, etc., can heal many of our mental and physical problems. In the Indian context, travelling and visiting places have another important value that of understanding other’s traditions and cultures.

8. A visit to various parts of India will make us realize that India is a mosaic of cultures, races and creed and that diversity is the chief hallmark of our land. In this context, travelling can help national integration and unity to a great extent.

9. Thus, travelling has tremendous educative, informative and social value. It widens people’s mental horizon, improves health, adds thrill and relaxation to life, dispels boredom and helps promoting national integration. Therefore educational tour should become an integral part of modern education. Travelling also boosts our national economy and the development of tourism industry.

I. Answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option: (1 × 2 = 2 Marks)

(a) In the mad rush of life people forget:

1. Who they are
2. To wonder and ponder
3. Forget their values
4. All of these

(b) The example of Nainital has been given to prove that:

1. travelling can improve our mental and physical health
2. travelling is informative
3. travelling introduces us to different states
4. travelling has scholastic value

II. Answer the following questions as briefly as possible. (1 × 6 = 6 Marks)

(c) What can be learnt by visiting South India?
(d) How can travelling help students?
(e) How does the charm of the hills impact one’s health?
(f) What does the writer mean by the phrase ‘mosaic of cultures’?
(g) How can travelling promote national integration?
(h) What makes people forget the values of life?

III. Find words from the passage which are similar in meaning to the following.

(a) repetitiveness, boredom (para 1)
(b) tell, explain (para 3)

Question 3.
Read the following passage carefully. (8 Marks)

Although stupidity is commonly defined as ‘a lack of normal intelligence’, stupid behaviour is not the behaviour of a person lacking in intelligence but the behaviour of a person not using good judgement or sense. In fact, stupidity comes from the Latin word that means ‘senseless’. Therefore, stupidity can be defined as the behaviour of a person of normal intelligence who acts in a particular situation as if he or she isn’t very bright. Stupidity exists at three levels of seriousness.

First is the simple, relatively harmless level. Behaviour at this level is often amusing. It is humorous when someone places the food from a fast food restaurant on the roof of the car while unlocking the door and then drives away with the food still on the roof. We call this absent-minded. The person’s good sense or intelligence was temporarily absent. At this level, other than passing inconvenience or embarrassment, no one is injured by the stupid behaviour.

The next type—serious stupidity—is more dangerous. Practical jokes such as putting sugar in the salt shakers are at this level. The intention is humorous, but there is a chance of harm. Irresponsible advice given to others is also serious stupidity. An example is the person who plays psychiatrist on the basis of an introductory psychology course or doing a TV program on psychiatry. The intention may be to help, but if the victim really needs psychiatric help, an amateur will only worsen the situation.

Even worse is the third kind of stupidity. Kind people, who would never injure another living being, stupidly throw away a box of six-week-old kittens along a country road. Lacking the heart to kill the poor things, they sentence them to almost certain death from wild animals, infections, exposure or the wheels of a passing vehicle. Yet they are able to tell themselves that ‘they will find nice homes’ or ‘animals can get along in the wild’. Another example of this kind of stupidity is the successful local businessman who tries to have as many office affairs as he can get away with. He risks the loss  of his business and his home. He fails to see that what he is doing is wrong. This is the true moral stupidity of a person not willing to think about the results of his actions or take responsibility for them. The common defence of a person guilty of stupidity is—‘But I didn’t think ’ This, however, is not a proper excuse, especially when serious or harmful stupidity is involved. (All India (C) 2015)

A. On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it, using headings and sub-headings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary—minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it. (5 Marks)
B. Write a summary of the passage in about 80 words. (3 Marks)

SECTION B
ADVANCE WRITING SKILLS (30 MARKS)

Question 4.
Your club is going to organize an interclass singing competition. Write a notice in about 50 words inviting names of the students who want to participate in it. Give all necessary details. You are Navtej/ Navita, secretary, Music Club, Akash Public School, Agra. (All India 2015) (4 Marks)
OR
You have cleared your class 12 CBSE Examination and so want to sell off the reading material you have with you. Write an advertisement to be placed in the ‘For Sale’ columns of a local daily giving all necessary details of the material you have in not more than 50 words. You are Mohan/Mohini, Contact No. 9811111111.

Question 5.
You are Mohit/ Malini living at C-10, Ghaziabad. You recently came across beggars both adults and little children begging at red lights. Write a letter to the Editor of Times of India expressing your views about it. (120-150 words) (6 Marks)
OR
You are the Principal, Akash Public School, Ajmer. Yesterday you received a letter of enquiry from Mr. P.L. Sharma resident of 12, Abu Bakr Road, Dubai who wants his daughter, Navita, at present studying in class VIII, Indian School next year, in class IX. He wants to know all about your school. Write a letter in 120-150 words to Mr. Sharma. (120-150 words) (Foreign 2015)

Question 6.
You are Karun/ Karuna. Write a speech in 150-200 words on ‘The Importance of Sports’ to be delivered in the school assembly. (10 Marks)
OR
Outside the school gate there are a few food carts. They don’t observe strict hygienic standards. You have observed that so many of your school students go to them immediately after the school is over. This can create health problems. As Principal write a speech in 150-200 words on ‘Healthy Food’, to be delivered in the morning assembly. (Delhi (C) 2015)

Question 7.
Within a few months you will be joining college. How do you look at college life? Is it freedom from strict discipline imposed on you by the school? A carefree life with no worries of completing assigned homework? Or, is it the beginning of responsible preparation for brilliant career? Write an article in 150-200 words on what you think of college life? You are Navtej/Navita. (Foreign 2015) (10 Marks)
OR
You are Navtej/ Navita of Akash Public School, Agra. Recently your school had an Inter House English Debate. Write a report on it in 150-200 words for a local newspaper.

SECTION C
TEXTBOOKS AND EXTENDED READING TEXT (40 MARKS)

Question 8.
Read the following extract carefully and answer the questions that follow: (1 × 4 = 4 Marks)

and (All India 2015)
looked out at Young
Trees sprinting, the merry children spilling
out of their homes, but after the airport’s
security check, standing a few yards
away, I looked again at her, wan, pale
as a late winter’s moon and felt that old familiar ache

(a) How can the trees sprint?
(b) Why did the poet look at her mother again?
(c) What did she observe?
(d) Identify the figure of speech used in these lines. ‘

OR
On their slag heap, these children
Wear skins peeped through by bones and spectacles of steel
With mended glass, like bottle bits on stones.

(a) Who are these children?
(b) What is their slag heap?
(c) Why are their bones peeping through their skins?
(d) What does ‘with mended glass’ mean?

Question 9.
Answer any four of the following questions in about 30-40 words each: (3 × 4 = 12 Marks)

(a) What did garbage mean to the adults of Seemapuri and to their children? (All India 2015)
(b) How did Rajkumar Shukla establish that he was resolute? (All India 2015)
(c) Why did Sophie like her brother Geoff more than any other person? From her perspective what did he symbolize?
(d) Bama’s experience is that of a victim of the caste system. What kind of discrimination does Zitkala-Sa’s experience depict? What are their responses to their respective situations? (NCERT)
(e) What is it that draws Derry towards Mr. Lamb? (NCERT)
(f) What or whom is aunt Jennifer terrified with in the third stanza? {NCERT1}

Question 10.
Education is the most effective tool in erasing discrimination and inequality. Discuss with reference to the chapter ‘Memories of Childhood’. (120-150 words) (6 Marks)
OR
Even today so many among us believe in superstitions. An astrologer predicted about ‘the tiger king’ that he would be killed by a tiger. He killed one hundred tigers yet was himself killed by a tiger. How did the superstitious belief prevail? (All India 2015)

Question 11.
Everybody during the last lesson is filled with regret .Comment. (The Last Lesson) (120-150 words) (All India 2015) (6 Marks)
OR
Sophie lives in a world of impossible dreams. Comment.

Question 12.
How does William Dane betray Silas Mamer? (120-150 words) (6 Marks)
OR
Describe the burglary at Mr. Bunting’s house. (120-150 words)

Question 13.
Evil can give rise to only evil. Describe the character of Dunstan Cass in the light of this remark. (120-150 words) (6 Marks)
OR
Write a short note on Mr. and Mrs. Hall. (120-150 words)

ANSWERS

Answer 1.

I(a) (iv) all of these
(b) (i) smarting of eyes
(c) (iv) inventions emit pollutants that deplete the ozone layer which absorbs cancer- causing rays
(d) (iv) both (ii) and (iii)

II. (e) In recycling, we get natural products back from used material by treating it. For example, when we recycle old newspaper, we treat the used material so that it can be used again. This prevents the used products from polluting the environment.

(f) The burning of fuels also produces gases which form acid rain. Acid rain has a damaging effect on water, forest and soil, and is harmful to our health.

(g) Noise pollution has been found to cause loss-of hearing, mental disturbances and poor performance at work.

(h) To control environmental pollution, substances which are hazardous and can destroy life must not be allowed to escape into the environment. This calls for united decision-making among world leaders and a public awareness of the dangers of pollution.

(i) Toxic waste has found its way into our lakes, streams, rivers and oceans. This waste is released by factories and sea-going vessels. Spillage of oil by tankers and during the recent Gulf War has caused irreparable damage to marine life.

III. (a) Supersonic (b) Accommodate (c) Eyesore

Answer 2.

I. (a) (iv) All of these
(b) (i) travelling can improve our mental and physical health

II. (c) We can learn about the features of south India, such as the existence of numerous rivers, coconut groves, backwaters, spice gardens, rubber plantations, oceans, seas, factories, cities, etc.

(d) Travelling has a special importance to students. Many of the things they learn in textbooks can be practically understood when they visit various places.

(e) The beauty and cold of the hills, the charm of the valleys, the chirping of birds, the song of the rivers, the howling of animals, pleasant air, quiet places, etc., can heal many of our mental and physical problems.

(f) The phrase ‘mosaic of cultures’ means assortment of diverse cultures. He wishes to point out how travelling exposes one to a mixture of diverse cultures.

(g) By travelling the traveler gets exposure to diverse lands and cultures which are all beautifully united under one nation.

(h) Today people lead a hectic life in pursuit of getting as much as possible. They have no time to ponder and wonder and thus tend to forget the values of life.

III. (a) monotony (b) enlighten

Answer 3.

A. TITLE : Stupidity

NOTES :

(a) What is stupidity?

1. comes from the latin word = senseless
2. lack of normal int’ce
3. not using commn judgement

(b) STU-three types
1. first type

1. harmless
2. caused due to absentmindedness
3. Causes inconv, embarsmnt

2. second type:
(i) may be called serious stu
(ii) occurs due to

(a) practical but harmful jokes
(b) harmful advice

3. 3rd type- moral stu
(i) occurs due to

(a) unwillingness to think about result of one’s actions
(b) unwillingness to hold oneself responsible

Key to Abbreviations
int’ce : intelligence
commn : common
stu : stupidity
inconv : inconvenience
embarsmnt : embarrassment

B. SUMMARY

Stupidity comes from the Latin word meaning ‘senseless’. It means lack of common sense and not using good judgement. There are three types of stupidity. The first type is essentially harmless and is caused due to absent-mindedness. It may cause embarrassment and inconvenience. The second type results from giving harmful advice or making practical and harmful jokes. Moral stupidity results from unwillingness to hold oneself responsible for one’s actions or to think about the consequences of one’s actions.

Answer 4.

Answer 5.

C-10, Ghaziabad
8th September, 20××
The Editor
The Times of India
Delhi

Sub: Problem of Begging in India Sir,

I would like to request you to kindly give a little space to my letter in your esteemed newspaper.

The problem of beggars in India is a matter of great shame and concern. Both adults and children are seen at the bus-stop, at red lights, near temples, at market, etc. A beggar is a stigma. He is a burden on society. Begging neither involves physical labour nor mental exertion. Some beggars earn more than most of the low paid persons. They get used to a life of leisure.

Some people deceive others pretending to be handicapped and beg in the name of God. God-fearing and charitable people give them alms. They pose to be deaf and dumb in order to arouse the sentiments of the passerby and evoke their sympathy. They do not spare even foreign tourists and these foreigners get a bad image about our country due to these beggars. They even push their little children into this menace.

It is a sin against humanity to patronize beggars. With our help we are spoiling a person and are creating a problem for the society by adding to the number of beggars. The authorities should put a ban on begging so that the pursuers and perpetrators of begging should be dealt with an iron hand.

Yours faithfully
Mohit

OR

Akash Public School,
Ajmer
6th September, 20××
P.L Sharma
Abu Bakr Road,
Dubai

Sub: Facilities offered by Akash Public School, Ajmer

Sir

I am delighted to receive your letter of enquiry about the various facilities offered by our school and am happy to give you an overview of our school.

Akash Public School offers excellent educational facilities which are continually being extended and developed. A successful programme of building development has occurred at the school over recent years.

The Sports Centre has a magnificent 25 meter indoor heated swimming pool. The centre also includes squash courts, weight-training room, large sports hall, complete with 7.5m high climbing wall, and a smaller multi-purpose gymnasium.

The Music Department includes a recital room, keyboard room and several practice rooms. The Science Centre opened recently provides some of the best facilities for teaching science of any school in Ajmer.

The building has a floor dedicated to each of the Biology, Chemistry and Physics departments and includes four spacious laboratories.

We follow the CBSE Curriculum. Cultural activities are given equal time in the curriculum. I sincerely hope that this overview of our school will persuade you to admit your daughter in our progressive school.

Regards
Madan Sood
Principal

Answer 6.
Good morning, respected Principal, teachers and students! I, Karuna, am here to deliver a speech on the importance of sports and games in one’s life. Games and sports are an integral part of a student’s life. A student should study hard to be successful in competitive examinations. But, he should also play games and sports to enjoy the health and vigour of life.

Along with bookish learning, a student should spend his time on games and sports. There are many people who give importance only to bookish knowledge. Indeed, there is often no provision for games at all. There are many benefits of games and sports in education. Outdoor games such as football, cricket, badminton, tennis, etc. gradually build our personality. It is completely optional for the students to participate in games and sports and as a matter-of-fact very few take part in school or college games. The training for different branches of games and sports should be given in a scientific way under a good coach, according to the ability and interest of the student.

Inclusion of games in the curriculum of studies is, therefore, very important in modern times. Remember, ‘All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy’. ‘

Thank you

OR

Good morning, respected Principal, teachers and students! Today I am going to speak on ‘Hygiene’ as a way of life. It is a habit that needs to be focused on and inculcated in children at an early age. And it need not be restricted to our bodies alone; it needs to be maintained through our diet and surroundings as well. Let’s see how we can go about this.

Do not eat food from roadside stalls. Such roadside food stalls are the main causes of stomach disorders and water-borne diseases. There is no surety of the quality of the materials that they use.Your favourite samosas can give you a terrible stomach ache! A proverb says that health is wealth. It is truly said that of all things in the world, health is the most valuable that one can possess. Money is no doubt a pleasant thing. However, it can give no pleasure to a man of ruined health. As body and mind are closely connected, the mind cannot be sound and cheerful without sound health. Wholesome food gives good health. Vegetables and many other things that we generally take are nutritious food. A mixed diet is the best food for us. Stale and rotten food is dangerous for health. I hope you will adopt healthy eating habits for your good health.

Thank you

Answer 7.

College Life
By Navtej

Many young adults seem to believe that college life is filled with parties and typically a laid-back lifestyle. They imagine a lifestyle with no other worries besides occasional tasks. It is often said that college is the greatest time of one’s life; many high school students believe this and look forward to it. Some enjoy the idea of being able to come to class late, leave when they want, and pretty much have say-so of their own lives now that their parents are out of the picture. The majority of freshmen enter college picturing it an easy and fun-filled ride.

College is a very important part of your life because it is going to prepare you mentally and physically for your future. Higher studies equip you with knowledge, skills that give you the required leverage for a fulfilling career. It is the time for greater exposure to a variety of people, and different ideas. It is truly the time for building one’s personality, understanding oneself, exercising independence and realizing one’s potential.

No doubt college life is exciting but it also comes with its share of responsibilities.

OR

Akash Public Scool Hosts English Debate
By Navita

Agra, 8th September: An Inter house English Debate competition for the juniors (standard IX and X) was held on 7th September, 20xx. The format of the debate was a bit different as the day witnessed the prelims wherein Narmada and Cauvery had to debate on the topic, ‘Does the Present Education System Provide Holistic Education?’ Whereas the other two houses Ganga and Godavari exhibited their debating skills on the topic, ‘RTE: A Boon for the Underprivileged’.

The competition was judged by Mrs. Prabhjot and Mrs. Shanti Sateesh and moderated by Monisha C S and Deeksha Arora. It was very evident that the teams were well prepared and they used various skills like overstatement, definition, irony, etc. to convince the audience. The participants, armed with statistics and data made their arguments more emphatic with their facial expressions, body movement and gestures. All the four teams exhibited great oratorical skills but finally the two teams that were declared winners were Ganga and Narmada. Mrs. Prabhjot said, “The standard of the debate was awesome.” The final will be held shortly and it is expected to be laced with more nail biting moments and an intense face off.

Answer 8.

(a) Trees appear to be sprinting because of the relative motion of the moving car in which the poet is seated.
(b) The poet looked at her mother again because she was leaving and wanted to see her pale and weak face lest this should be the last time.
(c) She observed how wan and pale her mother had become.
(d) The figure of speech is simile. The pale and dull visage of the mother has been compared to the late winter moon.

OR

(a) The children belong to the slums in which the elementary school is situated.
(b) Their frail, undernourished bodies are like garbage heaps or slag.
(c) The children are so weak and thin that it appears as if their bones are visible through their skins.
(d) This refers to the broken and mended lenses of the spectacles they are wearing.

Answer 9.

(a) Garbage was a means of survival to the adult ragpickers of Seemapuri. Their daily bread depended on it. While for the children it was like gold, since they sometimes found money in it. So they were motivated to scrounge in the garbage heaps.

(b) Rajkumar Shukla is being described as being ‘resolute’ because he was fully determined to take Gandhi to Bihar. Being an illiterate and poor share-cropper from Champaran, he had come to apprise and complain to Gandhi about the injustice of the landlord system in Bihar. He met Gandhi in the Lucknow session of the Congress. He was too committed to accompany Gandhi everywhere. Gandhi was very much impressed by his tenacity and fixed time for Calcutta. Months passed in waiting. Shukla was sitting at the haunches at the fixed place in Calcutta, till Gandhi was free. Finally both boarded a’ train to Patna.

(c) Geoff spoke little. Words had to be prized out of him like stones out of the ground. Sophie was jealous of his silence. She knew when he was not speaking, he was away somewhere. He was out in the world in those places she had never been. She wanted to share her brother’s affections. He was more tolerant of her wild stories than her father. He did not believe her but wasn’t harsh to her.

(d) In spite of Zitkala-Sa’s hard struggle for not letting her hair be shingled, her long hair is forcefully removed. In ‘The Cutting of My Long Hair’ She describes how she suffered extreme indignities. She tried to maintain her identity and her distinct culture of native America. The British colonizers wanted to stamp their own ways on her personality. This is an example of racial discrimination. Bama a dalit, on the other hand suffered due to caste system prevalent in India. Both fight discrimination through education and spreading awareness about it through their writings.

(e) Mr Lamb is a physically challenged man. He has got a tin leg. The real one got blown off, years back. Children tease him calling him “Lamey – Lamb”. But Mr Lamb never minds such things. He has a positive attitude towards life. He likes to talk and have company. He is open and never shuts himself in.

Mr Lamb’s meeting with Derry brings a turning point in Derry’s life. He gives confidence to Derry. He persuades him that he can get better than rest of the people. He should stop hating people. Hatred burns oneself away inside. Derry should take life as it is. This leaves a deep impression on Derry.

(f) Aunt Jennifer’s terrified hands are referred to in the third stanza. The old unhappy memories are still fresh in her mind. During her married life, she had passed through difficult times. These ordeals have crushed and suppressed her. Aunt Jennifer is still ringed with those ordeals that dominated her life.

Answer 10.

Education brings and prosperity, honour, equality and dignity. Bama was inspired by her elder brother’s words on education. She studied hard and stood first in the class. Then many friends came to her on their own accord. Education is the only tool to end discrimination as it subscribes to the principles of merit and sincerity. It can rise above the considerations of caste, race, creed, religion and gender which have been plaguing our world since time immemorial. Thus it is secular and progressive and open for all. Both Bama and Zitkala-Sa took recourse to education as an antidote to the discrimination and humiliation that they experienced in their lives. They grew up to be noted writers spreading awareness against discrimination through their writing.

OR

Superstition is blind belief. It is irrational yet it exists in the human mind in varying degrees. It hampers the progress of society and compels people to commit foolish and dangerous actions. In the story ‘The Tiger King1 the astrologer predicted that the tiger king would be killed by the hundredth tiger.

So the Maharaja began his campaign of tiger-hunting with rare single-mindedness. Within a span of ten years he killed 70 tigers. It was his master strategy to marry a girl of a state which had a large tiger population. So he was able to kill 99 tigers in all.

The tiger king could pay any price to maintain his kingdom. He had to give a bribe worth three lakh rupees to a high ranking British official to retain his kingdom. He could be hot-headed and doubled the tax on the people. It is ironical that the King met his death by a tiger, albeit a wooden one. At last, the hundredth tiger took revenge upon him and the superstition prevailed.

Answer 11.
Two French speaking districts of Alsace and Lorraine came under German occupation. German language was imposed on the people of Alsace. M. Hamel, a school teacher, broke this shocking news to his students. He declared that a new teacher would replace him to teach German. The news aroused regret and patriotic feelings in students as well as the villagers. The villagers were filled with regret that when they had all the time in the world they procrastinated learning their language under many pretexts. Now they had lost that opportunity to learn their own language. So the village elders came to the school to listen to the last lesson in French. The small children were extraordinarily n attentive to their learning that day. Franz regretted not valuing M. Hamel’s teaching. Hamel described French the most beautiful language in the world. Everyone listened to him with rapt attention and respect.

OR

Sophie is a school going girl. She lives in a dream world which has distant relation with the harsh realities of life. She dreams of big and beautiful things beyond her reach or her means. She thinks of having a boutique. Then she entertains the idea of being an actress and a fashion designer too. Here she is poles apart from her classmate and friend i Jansie. Jansie is realistic and practical. Sophie’s romantic and dreamy disposition leads her to hero-worship. The hero of her dreams is the young Irish wonder-footballer Danny Casey. She has developed a romantic fascination for him. Even Geoff cautions her that Casey is a celebrity. She sits for hours imagining Danny Casey coming to her. She knows that he will never come. She becomes sad but helpless. She lives with all her dreams and disappointments. They are not real. They are all the creations of her mind.

Answer 12.
In Lantern Yard, Silas had a close friend named William Dane. One day the elder deacon fell ill and had to be tended day and night by members of the congregation, as he was a childless widower. During Silas’ watch, a bag of money disappeared from a drawer by the deacon’s bed. Silas’ knife was found in the drawer, but Silas swore that he was innocent 1 and asked that his room be searched. The empty bag is found there by William Dane. William had deliberately placed Silas’s knife in the drawer when he stole the money. Silas remembers that he had last used the knife to cut a strap for William. Thus Silas is framed by William for stealing the money. In order to find out the truth, the church members resorted to prayer and drawing of lots, and found Silas guilty. A month later William Dane married Silas’ fiancee.

OR

The burglary occurs in the house of Mr. Bunting in the small hours of the morning. Mrs. Bunting, the vicar’s wife, wakes up at the sound of bare feet walking through her house. She .wakes her husband and the two watch and listen as a candle is lit and papers are rustled in the study. When they hear the telltale clink of money, Rev. Bunting rushes into the study with a raised poker, but the room appears to be empty. Their money disappears and at one point they hear a sneeze in the hallway but are unable to locate or see the intruder. The Buntings are astonished that there.is so much movement yet there is no sign of the agent of these amazing happenings. They have no explanation for what they witness in their house.

Answer 13.
It is true that one who does evil will be surely visited by evil. The example of Dunstan Cass in the novel Silas Mamer amply proves this.

Dunstan Cass is a reckless, manipulative man who will do anything or say anything to get what he wants. Godfrey’s younger brother, Dunsey, as he is usually called, is cruel, lazy, and unscrupulous, and he loves gambling and drinking. He is attracted to greed and wealth, and has no conscience whatsoever. He blackmails Godfrey with the secret of Godfrey’s marriage to Molly who is a drunkard and steals poor Silas Marner’s money. In most part of his life, Dunstan gets away with being very nasty to almost everyone never having to face the consequences. However, this luck is quickly reversed when he dies by falling into a stone pit shortly after stealing Silas’ money. It is true that one reaps what one sows.

OR

Mr. Hall and Mrs. Hall are two interesting minor characters in the novel The Invisible Man. They have married recently. Of the two Mrs. Hall is the bolder and more enterprising. She runs the Coach and Horses Inn. Her business skills are on full display when Griffin comes to the inn. She offers him every possible service. She is talkative and appreciates getting a customer in the freezing cold of February. Mr. Hall on the other hand runs a cart. He is much dominated over by Mrs. Hall. He is slow and dense that why is not much trusted by his wife. However he gets the better of her once, when he points out that she had given lodgings to the queer stranger without ascertaining his identity. Mrs. Hall has a show down with the stranger over nonpayment of bills, following which the stranger is compelled to reveal his identity. Her tough stand in this regard brings out her business minded and shrewd nature, once more.

We hope the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Englsih Core Paper 6 help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 6, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 4 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 4.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 4

Board	CBSE
Class	XII
Subject	Chemistry
Sample Paper Set	Paper 4
Category	CBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 4 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Chemistry is given below with free PDF download solutions.

Time Allowed : 3 Hours
Max. Marks : 70

General Instructions

• All questions are compulsory.
• Question number 1 to 5 are very short answer questions and carry 1 mark each.
• Question number 6 to 10 are short answer questions and carry 2 marks each.
• Question number 11 to 22 are also short answer questions and carry 3 marks each.
• Question number 23 is a value based question and carry 4 marks.
• Question number 24 to 26 are long answer questions and carry 5 marks each.
• Use log table, if necessary. Use of calculators is not allowed.

Questions 

Question 1.
Name the compound which shows frenkel as well as schottky defect.

Question 2.
Arrange the following according to increasing boiling point: 2-Bromobutane, 2-Bromo-2- methyl propane, 1-Bromopropane and 1-Bromobutane.

Question 3.
A gas is passed through suspension of AgCl in water leads to dissolution of AgCl. Name the gas.

Question 4.
What causes Brownian movement?

Question 5.
Write structure of toluidine.

Question 6.
Give the magnetic behaviour of the following complexes
(a) [CO(NH₃)₆]³⁺
(b) [Ni(CN)₄]^2-

Question 7.
Write the chemical reaction for the following preparations:
(a) Sodium chromate from chromite ore
(b) Potassium permangnate from potassium mangnate
OR
Complete the following chemical equations:

1. MnO^–₄ (aq) + S₂O^2-₃ →
2. Cr₂O^2-₇ + I^– \(\underrightarrow { { H }^{ + } } \)

Question 8.
Write the mechanism of the following reaction:
CH₂ = CH₂ \(\underrightarrow { { dil.H }_{ 2 }{ SO }_{ 4 } } \) CH₃CH₂OH

Question 9.
From the given cells:
Ni-Cd cell, Mercury cell, Fuel cell and Dry cell. Answer the following:

1. Which can be used in transistor?
2. Which can be used to produce energy most efficiently?
3. Which cell has longer life?
4. Which cell is used in quartz watches?

Question 10.
Distiniguish between order and molecularity of a chemical reaction.

Question 11.
The rate constant for a first order reaction becomes eight times when the temperature is increased from 360 K to 400 K. Calculate the activation energy for the reaction.

Question 12.
Complete the following reactions:

Question 13.
An element crystallises in f.c.c. lattice with cell edge of 250 pm. Calculate the density of 300 g of this element that contains 2 x 10²⁴ atoms.

Question 14.
Explain the following terms:

1. Electrophoresis
2. Dialysis
3. Tyndall effect

Question 15.
Give reasons for:

1. Cd²⁺ salts are white in colour.
2. Out of Mn³⁺ and Cr³⁺, Mn³⁺ is a stronger oxidising agent.
3. Actinoids are known as rare earth elements.

Question 16.
Carry out the following conversions:
(a) Benzene to m-nitro acetophenone
(b) Benzaldehyde to benzophenone
(c) Propanone to propene

Question 17.

1. Why is froth floatation process selected for the concentration of sulphide ores?
2. What is the role of NaCN in froth floatation process?
3. Discuss the role of SiO₂ in extraction of Cu from copper matte?

Question 18.
Write the Nemst equation and calculate the emf of the following cell at 298 K.
Sn/Sn²⁺ (0.050 M) || H+(0.020 M) | H₂(s) (1 bar) | Pt(s)

Question 19.

1. Name the water soluble component of starch.
2. Define peptide linkage
3. Name an amine hormone

Question 20.

1. How is double salt different from co-ordination compounds?
2. What are primary and secondary valencies according to Werner’s theory?
3. Write the IUPAC name for ionisation isomer of [Co(CH₃NH₂)₂(NH₃)₃Br] SO₄.

Question 21.
Give the structure of A, B and C in the following reactions:

Question 22.
(a) Write the monomer of
(i) Glyptal
(ii) Neoprene
(b) Arrange the following according to increasing intermolecular forces: Elastomers, fibres, thermoplastics.

Question 23.
Shilpa, a domestic helper of Mrs. Reeta, had a wound on her leg but she was negligent for the same. Reeta applied dettol on her wound and asked her to go to the doctor if it does not get cured. Answer the following questions:

1. What type of substance can be used for external injuries (like cuts, currents etc.)?
2. Name the components of dettol.
3. Name two more substance used for the same purpose.
4. What are values displayed by Mrs. Reeta?

Question 24.
(a) Why is there a larger difference in the boiling points of butanal and butan-l-ol?
(b) Distinguish between
(i) Ethanal and propanal
(ii) methanamine and N-methylmethanamine
(c) Arrange according to the increasing order of their acidic strength:
C₆H₅COOH, FCH₂COOH, NO₂CH₂COOH
(d) Carboxylic acid does not give nucleophilic addition reaction like carbonyl compounds. Explain.

OR
An organic compound having molecular formula (C₉H₁₀O) forms 2, 4-DNP derivative, reduces tollen’s reagent and undergoes cannizaro reaction. On vigrous oxidation it gives 1, 2, 4 benzene tricarboxylic acid. Identify the compound and write all reactions involved in this process.

Question 25.
(a) When 1.92 g of sulphur was dissolved in 100 grams of CS₂, the freezing point will be lowered by 0.383 K. Calculate the formula of S_x associated in CS₂.
(K_f for CS₂ = 3.83 K kg mol^-1, Atomic mass of S = 32 g mol^-1)
(b) Define Van’t Hoff factor. What is its value for dimerisation of ethanoic acid in benzene?

OR
The vapour pressures of pure liquids ‘A’ and ‘B’ are 450 and 700 mm. Hg at 350 K respectively. Find out the composition of the liquid mixture if total vapour pressure is 600 mm Hg. Also find the composition of the vapours of these liquids in vapour phase.

Question 26.
(a) Account for the following:
(i) H₃PO₃ is a diprotic acid
(ii) Decomposition of O₃ molecule is a spontaneous process
(iii) Noble gases have low boiling point.
(b) Draw the structure of
(a) XeF₄
(b) PCl^–₄
OR

1. Why are halogens coloured?
2. What inspired M. Bartlett for carrying out reactions with xenon?
3. Arrange the following in the order of property indicated against each set:
   1. HF, HCl, HBr, HI (Increasing B. Pt)
   2. H₃PO₂, H₃PO₄, H₃PO₃ (Increasing acidic nature)
   3. NH₃, PH₃, AsH₃ (Increasing Bond angle)

Answers

Answer 1.
AgBr.

Answer 2.
1-Bromopropane < 2-Bromo-2-methyl propane < 2-Bromopropane < 1-Bromobutane

Answer 3.

Answer 4.
Unbalanced bombardment of particles of dispersion medium with particles of dispersed phase causes Brownian movement.

Answer 5.

Answer 6.

Answer 7.

OR

1. MnO^–₄ + S₂O^2-₃ → MnO₂ + SO^2-₄ + 2OH^–
2. Cr₂O^2-₇ + I^– \(\underrightarrow { { H }^{ + } } \) Cr³⁺ + I₂ + H₂O

Answer 8.
H₂SO₄ + H₂O → H₃O⁺ + HSO^–₄
Protonation of ethene

Addition of water

Answer 9.

1. Dry cell
2. Fuel cell
3. Ni-Cd cell
4. Mercury cell

Answer 10.

Order	Molecularity
(i) It is the sum of powers of all the reactants present in the rate law equation.	(i) It is the sum of powers of all the reactants present in the law of mass action equation.
(ii) It is based on experiment.	(ii) It is based on balanced chemical reaction.
(iii) It can be zero, fraction, positive and a negative integer	(iii) It cannot be zero or fraction, only positive integral value is possible.
(iv) Applicable for all types of reactions.	(iv) Applicable only for elementary reactions.

Answer 11.
If rate constant at 360 K is K, then at 400 K it will be 8K.
From Arrhenius equation

Answer 12.

Answer 13.
From question:
Z = 4
a = 250 pm = 250 × 10^-10 cm
mass of sample = 300 g
Number of particles in sample = 2 × 10²⁴ atoms
Since d = \(\frac { Zm }{ { a }^{ 3 }n } \)
where m = mass of sample, n = no. of particles in the sample

d = 38.4 g/cm³

Answer 14.

1. Electrophoresis : The movement of colloidal particles towards oppositely charged electrode in an electric field is called electrophoresis.
2. Dialysis : It is the process of eliminating dissolved substances from a colloidal solution by means of diffusion through a suitable membrane.
3. Tyndall effect : When a beam of light is passed through a colloidal solution placed in dark, the path of light becomes visible on viewing from right angle to the direction of passage of light. It is due to scattering of light by particles of dispersion phase and this effect is known as Tyndall effect.

Answer 15.

1. Cd²⁺ ion posses 4d¹⁰ electronic configuration it means there is no unpaired electron and due to this Cd²⁺ salts are white in colour.
2. Mn²⁺ has 3d⁵, half filled stable electronic configuration. As a result Mn³⁺ acts as a stronger oxidising agent than Cr³⁺ which has half filled f configuration which makes Cr³⁺ more stable and it does not act as an oxidising agent.
3. Other than first five elements belonging to actinoide series all are prepared in laboratory by nuclear transmutation, so they are known as rare earth elements.

Answer 16.

Answer 17.

1. Sulphide ores are preferentially wetted by oil and easily come out as froth, so froth floatation process is used for such ores.
2. NaCN prevents the formation of undesirable froth, hence it acts as a depressent during froth floatation process.
   For example, during the concentration of PbS, ZnS is prevented to come as the froth by NaCN by making a complex.
   NaCN + ZnS → Na₂[ZnCN)₄] + Na₂S
3. SiO₂ combines with FeO present in copper matte to form the slag.
   FeO + SiO₂ → FeSiO₃

Answer 18.
For the given cell
Reaction at anode: Sn → Sn²⁺ + 2e^–
Reaction at cathode: 2H⁺ + 2e^– → H₂(g)
Net reaction: Sn(s) + 2H⁺(aq) → Sn²⁺(aq) + H₂(g)

Answer 19.

1. Amylase is the water soluble part of starch. (It is a straight chain polymer of a-glucose attached with a-glycosidic linkage)
2. The amino acids are linked with one another through
   
   linkage (amide linkage) which is known as peptide linkage in protein chemistry.
3. Thyroxine

Answer 20.

1. Double salts as well as co-ordination compounds are formed by the combination of two or more stable compounds in stoichiometric ratio. But double salt get dissociated into constituent simple ions completely when dissolved in water. On the other hand complex ions present in co-ordination compounds do not get dissociated into constituent ions. Examples- double salt- Mohr salt, Potash atom
   Complexes – [Fe(CN)₆]⁴ and K₂[PtCl₆]
2. Ionisable valencies are normally known as primary valency. On the other hand non ionisable valencies are known as secondary valencies.
3. Ionisation isomer of given complex is [Co(CH₃NH₂) (NH₃)₃Br] SO₄
   IUPAC Name : Triammine dimethanminebromocobalt (III) sulphate

Answer 21.

Answer 22.
(a) (i) Glyptal

(ii) Neoprene

(b) Elastomers < Thermoplastics < fibres

Answer 23.

1. Antiseptics
2. Chloroxylenol, pine oil, isopropanol, castor oil, soap and water.
3. Iodoform, Tincture of iodine (2-3% I₂ solution in ethanol-water mixture), soframycine, furacine etc. (any two)
4. Concern for others, knowledge of chemistry, helping and advising nature, equality for all etc.

Answer 24.
(a) There is intermolecular hydrogen bonding in butan-1-ol which is a stronger attracting force than simple dipole-dipole interatomic interactions of butanal. Hence boiling point of butanol is much higher.
(b) (i)

Reagent	Ethanal	Propanal
NaOH + I2 heat	Yellow ppt. of CHI3 will form	No such precipitation

(ii)

Reagent	Methanamine	N-methylmethanamine
CHCl3 + KOH Heat	Foul smelling substance will form	No such smell

(c) C₆H₅COOH < NO₂CH₂COOH < FCH₂COOH (acidic strength)
(d) In carboxylic acids there is no carbonyl group like aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic group is altogether a different group due to the following resonance structures.

OR
Since compound (C₄H₁₀O)gives 2, 4-DNP derivative and reduces tollen’s reagent, it means it is an aldehyde. On vigrous oxidation it gives 1, 2, 4 benzene tricarboxylic acid, it means other than CHO group there will be two alkyl (methyl) groups on 2 and 4 position w.r.t. CHO on benzene ring. So, the given compound is:

Answer 25.
(a) mass of solute (w_B) = 1.92 g, mass of solvent (w_A) = 100 g
∆T_f = 0.383 K
K_f = 3.83 K Kg mol^-1 for CS₂
To find the formula of S
So the formula of sulphur will be S_x.

(b) Van’t Hoff factor: It is represented by i and it is to account for the extent of dissociation or association of a solute in a solution. This factor i is defined as

For ethanoic acid in benzene:
i = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)

OR
From question
P_A° = 450 mm Hg,
P_B° = 700 mm Hg
P_Total = 600 mm Hg
It is to be found that x_A = ?, x_B = ?
If mol fraction in vapour phase is y_A and y_B respectively, they also need to be found,
From Raoult’s law

Answer 26.
(a) (i) H₃PO₃ posses 2 OH^– groups, so it is diprotic

(iii) Among noble gas molecules, there is weak intermolecular van der waals forces only.

OR

1. Halogens absorb light in visible region, hence they are coloured.
2. On the basis of his experiment of O₂ and PtF₆ in which O₂ form 0²⁺ ions in which ionisation energy of O₂ equal to 1175 kJ/mol, hence same reaction may be possible with xenon having ionisation energy 1170 kJ. This thought inspired N. Bartlett to carry out experiments between Xe and PtF₆ to form Xe[PtF₆].
   Xe + PtF₆ → Xe [PtF₆]
3. 1. HCl < HBr < HI < HF
   2. H₃PO₄ < H₃PO₃ < H₃PO₂
   3. ASH₃ < PH₃ < NH₃

We hope the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 4 help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Chemistry Paper 4, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 5 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 5.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 5

Board	CBSE
Class	XII
Subject	English Core
Sample Paper Set	Paper 5
Category	CBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 5 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Englsih Core is given below with free PDF download solutions.

Time Allowed: 3
hours Maximum Marks: 100

General Instructions

• This paper is divided into three sections: A, B and C. All the sections are compulsory.
• Separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary.Read these instructions very carefully and follow them faithfully.
• Do not exceed the prescribed Word limit while answering the questions.

SECTION A
READING (30 MARKS)

Question 1.
Read the following passage carefully. (12 Marks)

1. For four days, I walked through the narrow lanes of the old city, enjoying the romance of being in a city where history still lives — in its cobblestone streets and in its people riding asses, carrying vine leaves and palm as they once did during the time of Christ.

2. This is Jerusalem, home to the sacred sites of Christianity, Islam and Judaism. This is the place that houses the church of the Holy Sepulchre, the place where Jesus was finally laid to rest. This is also the site of Christ’s crucifixion, burial and resurrection.

3. Built by the Roman Emperor Constantine at the site of an earlier temple to Aphrodite, it is the most venerated Christian shrine in the world. And justifiably so. Here, within the church, are the last five stations of the cross, the 10th station where Jesus was stripped of his clothes, the 11th where he was nailed to the cross, the 12th where he died on the cross, the 13th where the body was removed from the cross, and the 14th, his tomb.

4. For all this weighty tradition, the approach and entrance to the church is nondescript. You have to ask for directions. Even to the devout Christian pilgrims walking along the Via Dolorosa — the Way of Sorrows — first nine stations look clueless. Then a courtyard appears, hemmed in by other buildings and a doorway to one side. This leads to a vast area of huge stone architecture.

5. Immediately inside the entrance is your first stop. It’s the stone of anointing: this is the place, according to Greek tradition, where Christ was removed from the cross. The Roman Catholics, however, believe it to be the spot where Jesus’ body was prepared for burial by Joseph.

6. What happened next? Jesus was buried. He was taken to a place outside the city of Jerusalem where other graves existed and there, he was buried in a cave. However, all that is long gone, destroyed by continued attacks and rebuilding; what remains is the massive — and impressive — Rotunda (a round building with a dome) that Emperor Constantine built. Under this, and right in the centre of the Rotunda, is the structure that contains the Holy Sepulchre.

7. “HQW do you know that this is Jesus’ tomb ?” I asked one of the pilgrims standing next to me. He was clueless, more interested, like the rest of them, in the novelty of it all and in photographing it, than in its history or tradition.

8. At the start of the first century, the place was a disused quarry outside the city walls. According to the gospels, Jesus’ crucifixion occurred ‘at a place outside the city walls with graves nearby ’. Archaeologists have discovered tombs from that era, so the site is compatible with the biblical period.

9. The structure at the site is a marble tomb built over the original burial chamber. It has two rooms, and you enter four at a time into the first of these, the Chapel of the Angel. Here the angel is supposed to have sat on a stone to recount Christ’s resurrection. A low door made of white marble, partly worn away by pilgrims’ hands, leads to a smaller chamber inside. This is the ‘room of the tomb’, the place where Jesus was buried.

10. We entered in a single file. On my right was a large marble slab that covered the original rock bench on which the body of Jesus was laid. A woman knelt and prayed. Her eyes were wet with tears. She pressed her face against the slab to hide them, but it only made it worse. (Delhi, All India, Foreign 2015)

I. On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option. (1 × 4 = 4 Marks)

(a) How does Jerusalem still retain the charm of the ancient era?

1. There are narrow lanes.
2. Roads are paved with cobblestones.
3. People can be seen riding asses.
4. All of the above.

(b) Holy Sepulchre is sacred to:

1. Christianity.
2. Islam.
3. Judaism.
4. Both (i) and (iii).

(c) Why does one have to constantly ask for directions to the church?

1. Its lanes are narrow.
2. Entrance to the church is nondescript.
3. People are not tourist-friendly.
4. Everyone is lost in enjoying the romance of the place.

(d) Where was Jesus buried? ‘

1. In a cave
2. At a place outside the city
3. In the Holy Sepulchre
4. Both (i) and (ii)

II. Answer the following questions as briefly as possible. (1 × 6 = 6 Marks)

(e) What is the Greek belief about the ‘stone of anointing’?
(f) Why did Emperor Constantine build the Rotunda?
(g) What is the general attitude of the pilgrims?
(h) How is the site compatible with the biblical period?
(i) Why did the pilgrims enter the ‘room of the tomb’ in a single file?
(j) Why did ‘a woman’ try to hide her tears?

III. Find words from the passage which mean the same as: (1 × 2 = 2 Marks)

(а) A large grave (para 3)
(b) Having no interesting features/dull (para 4)

Question 2.
Read the following passage carefully. (10 Marks)

1. Dussehra and Diwali leave us in a mess-physically speaking. After all the lavish indulgences, our body literally sends signals that it is time we slowed down. And there is a way out—remove the toxins.

2. Most people believe that going on a detox trip is like suffering a crash diet and a method to lose weight, which is wrong notion. Nutrition head of Gold’s Gym, Ashwini Sukumar explains that detoxification has its roots in traditional Chinese medicines that has also been used in ancient India, Asia and Egypt. It is the body’s natural, ongoing process if neutralizing or eliminating toxins from the body. “A detox diet post Diwali blast is for those who want to bring their bodies back to its original condition following festival fun. You may decide to use a detox plan as a regular thing when you begin to feel the benefits and can use the principles again, depending on the extent of detox you are looking to achieve,” she explains.

3. She also explains that it is necessary and important to go on a detox diet after binging on your favourite food. “Many chemicals we ingest daily, through food, water and air, are deposited as fat cells in our bodies. A diet that lacks certain nutrients may also impair our natural ability to detoxify chemicals, which further leads to their build-up in the body. So, it is necessary to go on a detox diet to cleanse all that.” states Ashwini. The benefits include improved digestion, and increased concentration and clarity.

4. Many people also go on such diets to lose weight, is it a good thing? We ask. “If you fast for several days, you will shed weight, no question. But typically, most of the weight loss is water loss and some of it may be muscle tissue. Fasting or detoxing for longer periods can also slow down your metabolism, making it harder to keep the weight off or lose weight later.

5. While, director of Wellness Chi-health, Sheela Krishnaswamy says, “Modern medicine has no scientific belief in detox diets because the liver, kidneys, colon and skin remove waste products from our body on a daily basis, irrespective of what we may eat. But alternate therapists endorse detox diets very strongly, especially after a season of dietary excesses.”

6. She also points out that working on such diets is a new concept. “Earlier women used to prepare sweets and snacks at home. They always knew what ingredients they would use and the preparation would also involve tedious work. Even if they binge, the physical ‘ work that was involved during the preparation of these festivals would help them to cut down on the fat. But now everything is available on the shelf and of late, people prefer buying sweets at stores, where the calorie content is high,” she states.

7. So what does a typical detox process entail? “Cut back on sugary stuff. Have lot of vegetables, fruit juices, coconut water and exercise if you have gained weight. But, remember to detox only for a day or two. “Don’t go on a continuous crash, it will harm your body,” she warns.

I. Answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option: (1 × 2 = 2 Marks)

(a) Detoxing should be done for :

1. weight loss
2. religious reasons around festivals
3. eliminating toxins
4. bringing the body back to its original condition

(b) The writer gives the example of the practice of making sweets at home to prove :

1. homemade sweets are better than the ones available in the market.
2. women loved to make them at home.
3. the tedious and physical work required to make them balanced the calorie intake.
4. that detox is much needed in today’s sedentary lifestyle.

II. Answer the following questions as briefly as possible. (1 × 5 = 5 Marks)

(c) What is the wrong notion harboured by most people about detox diets?
(d) Is it a good to go on an extended diet to lose weight? Why?
(e) Why is it necessary to go on a detox diet?
(f) What comprises the detox process ?
(g) Why does modern science not believe in detox diet?

III. Find words from the passage which are similar in meaning to the following. (1 × 3 = 3 Marks)

(a) intake (para 3)
(b) slow or dull (para 6)
(c) weaken (para 3)

Question 3.
Read the following passage carefully. (8 Marks)

Stress is arguably the greatest killer in the world today. Stress per se does not kill but it leads to several other medical conditions that are killers such as diabetes, hypertension, heart problems, and ulcers. It is important to understand that stress does not occur overnight. It builds up over a period of time. Second, stress knows no gender bias. It affects both men and women. Third, stress has begun to strike early. Youngsters and school students  also fall prey early and this affects them for a very long time. Fourth, stress also has no industry bias. Lastly, stress has begem to take its toll even in areas like sports earlier considered stress busters.

Stress is a mental condition, not one of the body. From a behavioural disease in the past, it has now become pathological since it causes stress changes in the normal physiology of the body. Regardless of how stress is viewed in other systems of medicine, acupuncture tends to classify stress in three ways. First are what can be called over-anticipators— perfectionists and workaholics. These are inveterate chasers of work and when they do not hdve anything to do, they start worrying. The second category is hyperactive people, either children or adults. The third can be called the “doubting Thomases”. They are among the high-risk category of the stress-prone people.

All systems of medicine say the thinking, memory and ‘mind’ are seated in the brain. But in acupuncture, the mind is situated in the Heart Meridian. The heart houses the mind. So anything concerned with behavioural problems, that too in a stressed stage, will see the Heart Meridian being hyperactive, which naturally leads to a stressed state in the brain. For, such people, either adults or children, the Heart Meridian is stimulated for 15 days (30 minutes a day). After a gap of two to eight days, the procedure has to be repeated. After about 90 days, the patient generally becomes normal. Over-anticipators remain mentally active during nights leading to insomnia. Stimulation of their Pericardium Meridian along their Heart Meridian eases their mind and they get a good night’s sleep after 60 sittings. Sometimes over anxiety leads to nightmares and dreams. Disturbance in the Liver Meridian may cause this. This problem is also solved by a 60-day session.

Acupuncture says that when the Gall Bladder Meridian is not working properly, the person will become indecisive. The more they are indecisive, the more confused they become and they go into a state of unidentified stress. For such patients, the Gall Bladder Meridian will be stimulated for 15 days and after a gap of 2-8 days, the procedure will be repeated. A total of 60 days treatment will be required.

Most medical systems work at how to “manage” stress. Consequently it is kept at minimal levels without it being eliminated. However, in Acupuncture, because of superior etiology, causes for the conditions are known. Thus, for these vulnerable groups, Acupuncture is a pure definitive and time bound system.

A. On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it, using headings and sub-headings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary—minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it. (5 Marks)

B. Write a summary of the passage in about 80 words. (3 Marks)

SECTION B
ADVANCE WRITING SKILLS (30 MARKS)

Question 4.
Very soon your school is going to be the center for CBSE examinations. You have seen that during lunch break students of junior classes keep going around the examination halls and make all kinds of noises. You are Navtej/Navita, Head Boy / Head Girl, Akash Public School, Ajmer. Write a notice in 50 words warning such students not to go near the examination rooms. (Foreign 2014) (4 Marks)
OR
Fireworks and crackers are known to create pollution during festivals. As an environmentalist design a poster in about 50 words to create awareness of their ill effects. (All India (C) 2015)

Question 5.
You are Arun/Arti, Raja Road, Kanpur. You had placed an order with Ram Book Depot, 4 Mall Road, Delhi for the supply of two books. You wanted to give them as a gift to a friend of yours. On receiving them you were disappointed to find that the books were damaged. Write a complaint letter in 120-150 words to the manager, about your problem. (All India (C) 2015) (6 Marks)
OR
You are Sudhir/ Sita. The Head Boy/Head Girl of ABC Public School, Jayanagar, Bangalore. An excursion has been planned from your school to Mysore. Write a letter to the Secretary, Ace Youth Hostel, Mysore requesting him to provide accommodation for 15 girls and 20 boys for three days. (120-150 words) (Delhi 2014)

Question 6.
Students can contribute significantly to socially useful productive activities like tree plantation, cleanliness, adult literacy, etc. Write an article in 150- 200 words on ‘Students and Social Service’ to be published in the local magazine. You are Jagriti/Jagan. (Delhi 2014) (10 Marks)
OR
You are Jagriti/Jagan, a student of Arunodaya Academy. Your first term examinations are approaching. Write a speech to be delivered in the school assembly on tips for success in examinations.

Question 7.
The social service league of your school celebrated Diwali in a novel way by collecting money and discarded clothes and distributing them along with sweets and crackers to the children at a local orphanage. Write a report in about 150¬200 words for your school magazine as Praneet / Preeti, Secretary of your club. (10 Marks)
OR
You are Winnie/William. The Book Fair which lasted for a month in your city was the topic of all book lovers. Write a report on it for a local daily in about 150-200 words.

SECTION C
TEXTBOOKS AND EXTENDED READING TEXT (40 MARKS)

Question 8.
Read the following extract carefully and answer the questions that follow : (1 × 4 = 4 Marks)

Spite of despondence, of the inhuman dearth (All India (C) 2015)
Of noble natures, of the gloomy days,
Of all the unhealthy and o’er-darkened ways
Made for our searching: yes, in spite of all,
Some shape of beauty moves away the pall
From our dark spirits.

(a) Name the poem.
(b) Give one cause of human suffering.
(c) What moves the pall away from our lives?
(d) What does the word ‘gloomy’ mean?

OR

and felt that
old
familiar ache, my childhood’s fear,
but all I said was, see you soon,
Amma,
all I did was smile and smile and
smile.

(a) Name the poem.
(b) What was the poet’s childhood fear?
(c) What does her smile signify?
(d) What does the word ‘ache’ mean?

Question 9.
Answer any four of the following questions in about 30-40 words each: (4 × 3 = 12 Marks)

(a) At the dining table why did Zitkala- Sa begin to cry when others started eating? (All India 2016)
(b) What will happen when aunt Jennifer is dead? (Foreign 2015)
(c) What does the poem ‘Keeping Quiet’ teach us? (All India (C) 2015)
(d) What was the bulletin board news that caused a change in the school (The Last Lesson)? (All India (C) 2015)
(e) Why did the servants leave Dr. Sadao’s household?
(f) What explanation did ‘McLeery’ give for carrying the rubber tube in Evans’ cell?

Question 10.
Giving bribe is an evil practice. How did the tiger king bribe the British officer to save his kingdom? How do you view this act of his? (120-150 words) (Delhi, Foreign 2015) (6 Marks)
OR
How did Dr. Sadao help the POW to escape? What humanitarian values do you find in his act? (Delhi, Foreign 2015)

Question 11.
Describe the difficulties the bangle makers of Firozabad have to face in their lives? (120-150 words) (Delhi 2015) (6 Marks)
OR
The order from Berlin aroused a particular zeal in the school. Comment. (Foreign 2015)

Question 12.
As a scientist, how is Kemp different from Griffin? (120-150 words) (Foreign 2015) (6 marks)
OR
Bring out the character of Priscilla in the novel, Silas Marner. (120-150 words)

Question 13.
What disadvantages did Griffin face due to invisibility? (120-150 words) (6 Marks)
OR
In what way did Godfrey change in the novel, Silas Marner? (120-150 words)

ANSWERS

Answer 1.

I. (a) (iv) All of the above
(b) (i) Christianity
(c) (ii) Entrance to the church is nondescript
(d) (iv) Both (i) and (ii)

II. (e) According to the Greek belief, the stone of anointing is the place where Christ was removed from the cross.
(f) The graves were destroyed by continued attacks and rebuilding. So, Emperor Constantine converted the cave, where Jesus was buried, into the Rotunda to save , the Holy Sepulchre.
(g) The general pilgrims are more interested in the novelty of Jesus’ tomb and in photographing it. They have no interest in its history or tradition.
(h) As per the gospel, Jesus’ crucifixion took place at place outside the city walls. There were graves nearby. In the beginning of the first century, this place was a disused quarry outside the city walls. The archaeologists have discovered tombs from that era.
(i) The ‘room of tomb’ was a smaller chamber inside the Rotunda. It has a low door made of white marble. It is the place where Jesus was buried.
(j) Jesus sacrificed his life to make this world a happy place to live in. The woman did not want to show that she was sad and miserable.

III. (a) Tomb (b) Nondescript

Answer 2.

I. (a) (iii) eliminating toxins
(b) (iv) that detox is much needed in today’s sedentary lifestyle.

II. (c) The wrong notion harboured by most people about detox diets is that a detox trip is like suffering a crash diet and a method to lose weight.
(d) Most weight that is shed during the extended diet period is that due to water.
(e) It is good to go on a detox diet as the benefits include improved digestion, and increased concentration and clarity.
(f) The detoxing process involves cutting back on sugary stuff, having a lot of vegetables, fruit juices, coconut water and exercising.
(g) Modern science has no belief in detox diets because it believes that the liver, kidneys, colon and skin remove waste products from our body on a daily basis, irrespective of what we eat.

III. (a) ingest (b) tedious (c) Impair

Answer 3.
A TITLE: Acupuncture: A Sure Shot Panacea for Stress

NOTES:

1. stress—alarming facts :

(a) greatest killer
(b) cause of dibts., ulcer
(c) striking youngsters too
(d) does not occur overnight

2. Acupuncture:
(a) an antidote to stress
(b) superior etiology, causes of stress known
(c) reliable, time bound system
(d) classifies humans into three groups:

1. over-anticipators, perfectionists
2. hyperactive people
3. doubting Thomases

3. How acupuncture works for perfectionists:

(a) heart meridian stimltd for 15 days
(b) procedr reptd after 8 days
(c) cures in 90 days

4. For over-anticipators:

(a) Pericardium meridian hrt meridian stmltd
(b) nightmares and dreams cured by stmltn of liver meridian

5. Cure for doubt and confusion:

(a) gall bladder stmltd
(b) cure in 60 days

Key to Abbreviations
hrt : heart
Dibts : diabetes
Stmltd : stimulated
stmltn : stimulant
Procedr : procedure
Reptd : repeated

B. SUMMARY

Stress builds up gradually and is the cause of hypertension and diabetes. Today it is striking even the young. Acupuncture helps cure stress in a reliable and time bound way. It classifies humans into perfectionists, hypertensive and doubters. To cure perfectionists their heart meridian is stimulated. For over-anticipators the pericardium and heart meridian are stimulated and cure is possible in ninety days. Liver meridian is stimulated to cure nightmares and dreams. To cure confusion, and doubt the gall bladder is stimulated for sixty days.

Answer 4.

Answer 5.

A-4, Raja Road
Kanpur
8th September, 20××

Sub: Receipt of damaged books

Dear Sir,

I regret very much to inform you that the books sent by you in execution of my order dated 27 August, (‘River of Smoke’ by Amitav Ghosh) is in a damaged condition and (Word Power by Norman Lewis ) is wanting in 8 pages (pp. 113-120). These are therefore, returned to you in a registered cover.

May I request you to replace them at your convenience and to enclose in your order the cost of the postage stamps I had to buy in sending them back?

Soliciting early compliance.

Yours sincerely
Arun

OR

ABC Public School
Jayanagar, Bangalore
15th September, 20××
The Secretary
Ace Youth Hostel
Mysore

Sub : Accommodation required Dear Sir

Our school has planned an excursion to Mysore in the coming autumn break from 7- 10 October. We are a group of 15 girls and twenty boys. We need separate accommodation for boys and girls on a twin- sharing basis. You are requested to book clean, comfortable rooms with all facilities as per our requirement. Kindly ensure that the rooms are on the same floor, adjacent to each other and have a balcony.

You are requested to intimate the charges and confirm the booking by 20th September. Thank you

Yours sincerely
Sudhir
Head Boy

Answer 6.

Students and Social Service
By Jagan

Students are not separate from society. They are also social beings like other classes of people. So it should not be assumed that students should just study, play and appear for examinations. In India where the poor and underprivileged are so many, social service has a great importance and a very large scope too. They can help the nation in multiple ways. They can work for the removal of illiteracy. Cleanliness is a big challenge in our nation. Students can teach the masses about healthcare and sanitation. They can even look into the sanitation of their own area. They can take active part in the national scheme of afforestation. Students should keep in mind one thing—Charity begins at home. It is a student’s first and foremost duty to serve his parents, brothers and sisters, his kith and kin. Then serve the masses. By doing social service students can give back to society what they have received from it. Social service also elevates one spiritually.

Thank you.

OR

Good morning, respected Principal, teachers and my dear friends! Today, I am going to give some tips for success in examinations. If you’re one of the those people who get stressed out when it comes to taking exams then I have a few tips for you that will help you to succeed well in the upcoming first term examinations. Firstly, look after your health. It’s stressful to cram so much information into your brain and also try to get on with the rest of your life. You’ll end up burning the candle at both ends, so to speak, and this can seriously damage your health. Looking after your health means that you should be getting adequate rest. Eat and drink sensibly and in moderation, exercise your body and spend quality time on yourself. I suggest that you set yourself a program and stick to it as much as possible. Studying for 20 minutes at a time and then a 10 minute break is ideal for optimum learning. If you find your mind begins to wander then it’s time for a rest. Do one thing at a time. Plan beforehand which subject you’re going to study and don’t waver. If you get interrupted, put it to one side until you’re ready to deal with it. I am sure with these tips you will pass the exams with flying colours.

Thank you.

Answer 7.

Diwali Celebrations at Sanmati Bal Niketan
By Praneet

10th October, Delhi,

In the month of October, ‘Diwali Fest’ was organized under the Social Service Club of ABC Public School. The students were asked to donate clothes, sweets crackers and money for the inmates of Sanmati Bal Niketan. The collection carried on for a whole week from October 3 to October 9. The funds and goods collected from this activity were donated to the orphanage. 30 students of the social service club visited the orphanage on October 10 , with the goods. They were welcomed by the students of the orphanage.

They presented a short cultural programme for the visitors. Then they interacted with our students on a variety of issues. They happily ate the sweets that the club members had taken with them.

A 12 year old orphan, Jeetu said, “We need a water purifier as the water here is quite dirty.” The visit brought big smiles on the faces of the underprivileged children. It also sensitized our club members to the problems of the less privileged.

OR

Visit to a Book Fair
By Winnie

Delhi, 2nd February, 20xx: Delhi Book Fair at Pragati Maidan was inaugurated by the Prime Minister on 1st February, 20xx. The book fair lasted for a month. There were a lot of beautifully decorated bookstalls. All book stalls were full of various kinds of books. Thousands of book-lovers were looking for their favorite books. Some popular writers like Arundhati Roy, were present at some book stalls and their fans surrounded them. Some of the book-lovers were taking autographs from their favorite writers. Free buses made it easy for the visitors to reach the stalls of their choice.

This year books on tourism were in great demand. Besides, novels, science fictions, travelogues and children’s books were in great demand too. Attractive discounts delighted the book lovers.

There was a food corner in the fair. The tired visitors easily got relief by taking food and spending some time there.

A visitor remarked “I am a regular visitor but this time the arrangements are really good”. The overall arrangement of the book fair was very enjoyable. It proved to be enriching for all book lovers.

Answer 8.

(a) The poem is ‘A thing of Beauty’.
(b) One cause of human suffering is lack of noble natures.
(c) A thing of beauty lifts the pall from our lives.
(d) ‘Gloomy’ means dark, depressing and dull.

OR

(a) The poem is ‘My mother at Sixty-Six’.
(b) The poet’s childhood fear was separation from the mother.
(c) Her smile signifies how she hides her pain and fear from the mother hoping to convey to her that all is well.
(d) The word ‘ache’ means a dull pain, pang.

Answer 9.

(a) Zitkala-sa, the narrator felt quite uncomfortable in the dining room. A small bell was tapped by the white woman. She pulled her chair out and sat on it. She was the only one seated there as she could not remember the instructions. A second bell was sounded. All were seated. A ‘paleface woman’ watched her disapprovingly. Then everyone started eating. All these activities confused her. She felt quite uncomfortable and uneasy as she was not used to such mannerisms.

(b) Even after aunt Jennifer’s death she will not get freed from the mental shackles imposed on her by marriage. In contrast the tigers in the panel will go on jumping proud and unafraid as before.

(c) The poem Keeping Quiet teaches human beings to stop all worldly activities for a while and spend few moments in quiet introspection. It will help us to understand ourselves. We are in troubles because we always remain in hurry and rush. We should withdraw ourselves from all undesirable actions and remain quiet. It will bring all together and a feeling of understanding will develop.

(d) The bulletin board displayed a German order that from the next day the citizens of Alsace shall not be permitted to speak French. German would become the official language as Alsace had been conquered by the Germans. So the teaching of French had been discontinued.

(e) All the servants including the gardener didn’t like Sadao’s efforts to save an American. America was at war with Japan. Tom was their enemy. The two servants were frightened at what their master had told them. They thought that their master should not heal the wound of that white man. The white man must die. If their master healed what the gun and the sea did, they would take revenge on them. Yumi refused to wash a white man. They feared that they may be arrested for conniving with Dr. Sadao to save a traitor.

(f) When the wily McLeery, who had come to the prison to invigilate the examination, was asked to explain the rubber tube that he carried, he explained that since he suffered from haemorrhoids he needed the tube to sit on and thus relieve the discomfort.

Answer 10.
Bribery is indeed a social evil which degrades society. At one time the tiger king was in danger of losing his throne. A high ranking British officer visited Pratibandapuram. He was very fond of hunting tigers and being photographed with them. He was refused permission to hunt tigers in Pratibandapuram as the king needed them to disprove the prophecy. Since he had prevented such a high ranking officer from fulfilling his desire, the Maharaja stood in danger of losing his kingdom itself. The Maharaja had to please the high ranking British officer. Samples of expensive diamond rings of different designs were brought from a famous jeweler in Calcutta. The Maharaja sent all the 50 rings to the British officer’s good lady. The lady accepted the whole lot. The Maharaja lost three lakh rupees but managed to retain his kingdom. This act was evil as well as foolish on the part of the king. Had he been less superstitious he would never have seen this day.

OR

Dr. Sadao had given a new lease of life to the American prisoner of war. He didn’t want to throw him into the jaws of death again. He asked the young soldier to take his private boat at night. He should row in the cover of darkness to a little deserted island nearby. The young American could live there until he saw a Korean fishing boat pass by. Food, bottled water and two quilts were put inside the boat. If the food ran out, he could signal two flashes.

He was not to signal in darkness because he could be seen. The young American came down into the darkness of the garden and escaped. Sadao was a doctor. And for a doctor saving a dying man is the foremost priority. Despite his dislike of American people and ways he rose above all narrow prejudices and responded to the call of his duty and above all, humanity. Besides, he was very pragmatic and intelligent.

Answer 11.
Firozabad is famous for its bangles. Every other family in the town is engaged in this profession. Bangle-making is not confined to adults only. Over 20,000 children join their parents in this job. They work illegally in the glass furnaces with high temperatures. They are exposed to all health-hazards. These factories are in stinking lanes choked with garbage. They work in dingy rooms with no windows and outlets for fresh air. Their eyes are more adjusted to the dark than to the light outside. That is why many of them end up losing their eyesight before they become adults.

The bangle-workers have fallen in a web of poverty. They can’t organise themselves into a cooperative. They have fallen into a vicious circle of ‘sahukars’, middlemen and the police. It seems the bangle-workers of Firozabad are condemned to poverty and perpetual exploitation.

OR

A shocking order had come from Berlin. Two French speaking districts of Alsace and Lorraine were under German occupation. German language was imposed on the people of Alsace. It hurt the pride of the people. M. Hamel, a school teacher, declared that it was his last lesson in French. He would leave the place for good. A new master would replace him to teach German. The news aroused patriotic feelings in students as well as the villagers. The village elders came to the school to listen to the last lesson in French. He called French the most beautiful, clearest and the most logical language. He expressed his dismay that the people of Alsace were quite indifferent to the learning of French. He called upon them to guard it among themselves and never forget it. Everyone listened to him with rapt attention and respect.

Answer 12.
Both Griffin and Dr. Kemp were scientists who had attended the same institution, however they differ in their temperaments, attitudes towards scientific research, life, and humanity. While for Dr. Kemp scientific research is about contributing towards the welfare of all humanity, for Griffin it is however a means of self-aggrandizement and showing to others who is in control of the world! For Griffin, invisibility is a way of taking revenge on a world that did not recognize his brilliance. This obsession with power invests his character with a violent streak which keeps appearing throughout the novel. For example his hitting the landlord in chapter 24, and his setting fire to his lodgings at Oxford street. Griffin has no scruples about robbing his own father when he runs out of money to fund his research without any remorse for his father who commits suicide. While Kemp is the voice of conscience and ethics, Griffin symbolizes-ambition devoid of ethics.

OR

Priscilla, Nancy’s sister, is likeable for her good sense and strong character. She seems happily resigned to a life of caring for their father, and encourages Nancy’s marriage and happiness. Nancy wishes that Priscilla’s clothes and her own always match because they are sisters, and Priscilla unselfishly has them in the colors that will favor Nancy, rather than herself. Priscilla is rather plain and frumpy. She is “Square-shouldered, clumsy, high featured”. She is loyal and loving to her family. Priscilla is “good-natured self forgetful” and has a lot of common sense. She is a cheerful person. Priscilla is a spinster and therefore decides to take over her father’s farm. She loves farming. This also implies that she is bored of normal life. She buries herself in farming because she has no children.

Answer 13.
Once he became invisible, Griffin realized that it had serious drawbacks that he had never forseen. He found that it was hard for him even to walk, for he could not see his legs. Even though people could not see him, dogs were attracted to him. They would bark at him. He could not walk in crowds, for he would be felt. He often got hurt unknowingly by people. It was really hard for him in every season other than summer. In rain and snow, there would be an outline of him and it was very difficult to remain naked in cold weather. Ironically, if he wore clothes, he became visible and if he didn’t, he ran the risk of dying due to the chill of England.

OR

Godfrey is weak-willed and usually unable to think of much beyond his immediate material comfort. As a young man he married an opium addict, Molly Farren, with whom he had a daughter. This secret marriage and Godfrey’s handling of it demonstrate the mixture of guilt and moral cowardice that keep him paralyzed. Godfrey consented to the marriage largely out of guilt and keeps the marriage. Godfrey is generally passive and selfish. Godfrey is subject to constant blackmail from Dunsey, who knows of Godfrey’s secret marriage, and Godfrey is finally freed of his malicious brother simply by an accident. He is delivered from Molly when she freezes to death while on her way to Raveloe to expose their marriage to Godfrey’s family. Godfrey’s eventual confession to Nancy that Eppie is his daughter, is motivated simply by his fright after the discovery of Dunsey’s remains. By the time Godfrey changes and is finally ready to take responsibility for Eppie, she has already accepted Silas as her father.

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