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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 3 The Midnight Visitor are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 3 The Midnight Visitor.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 10
Subject	English Footprints Without Feet
Chapter	Chapter 3
Chapter Name	The Midnight Visitor
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 3 The Midnight Visitor

TEXTUAL EXERCISES

Read and Find Out (Pages 14 & 15)

Question 1.
How is Ausable different from other secret agents ?
Answer:
Ausable was not an alert and smart secret agent as Fowler had expected. He was very fat. He spoke French and German with a slight American accent. He used ordinary telephones to make calls. He lived in a mediocre and dark French hotel. This way he did not fit the description of any secret agent.

Question 2.
Who is Fowler and what is his first authentic thrill of the day ?
Answer:
Fowler is a writer. He wants to meet Ausable to cover him up for writing for his publication. His first authentic thrill of the day is quite clear. It is that he outwitted Ausable in a simple way.

Question 3.
How has Max got in ?
Answer:
Max has used a passkey to enter Ausable’s room in his absence. He wants to get a ‘report’ on some new missiles.

Question 4.
How does Ausable say he got in ?
Answer:
Ausable says that Max got in his room through an ordinary window. It was in the balcony. He would complain against it (balcony) to the hotel authorities. It needed to be closed.

Think About It (Page 18)

Question 1.
“Ausable did not fit any description of a secret agent Fowler had ever read”. What do secret agents in books and films look like, in your opinion ? Discuss in groups or in class some stories or movies featuring spies, detectives and secret agents, and compare their appearance with that of Ausable in this story. (You may mention characters from fiction in languages other than English. In English fiction you may have come across Sherlock Holmes. Hercule Poirot, or Miss Marple. Have you watched any movies featuring James Bond ?)
Answer:
In my opinion, secret agents in books and films look differently. They wear flowing . robes. These are like long overcoats and a hat on their head. This hat hides their faces. Then they have very keen and sharp eyes.

The comparison with prominent secret agents can be done at class level. These secret agents can be Sherlock Holmes, Hercule Poirot or Miss Maple. This may be done with the guidance and supervision of the class teacher.

I saw some movies featuring James Bond. It is titled : 007 James Bond, The Golden Eye, Tomorrow Never Dies, etc.

Question 2.
How does Ausable manage to make Max believe that there is a balcony attached to his room ? Look back at his detailed description of it. What makes it a convincing story ?
Answer:
First Ausable says that there is a balcony before his room. It is also before the other room adjoining it. It is the next room. Ausable tells Max that there is police at the door when knocking is heard. Max is frightened at this. He asks Ausable to send the police back. He would go and wait on the balcony. But there is no balcony. Max falls down.

Question 3.
Looking back at the story, when do you think Ausable thought up his plan for getting rid of Max ? Do you think he had worked out his plan in detail right from the beginning ? Or did he make up a plan taking advantage of events as they happened ?
Answer:
Ausable saw Max in his room when he switched on the light. Max had a small automatic pistol in his hand. Ausable felt shocked to see him. He decided there and then to get I rid of Max.

No, he had not worked out his plan in detail right from the beginning. He made the plan there and then when he saw Max there. Max had a pistol in his hand.

Talk About It

Question 1.
In this story, Ausable shows great ‘presence of mind’, or the ability to think quickly, and act calmly and wisely, in a situation of danger and surprise. Give examples from your own experience, or narrate a story, which shows someone’s presence of mind.
Answer:
I remember one similar incident that happened to me. Once as a small boy, I was sleeping in the house. I was very afraid of ghosts or thieves. At midnight there was some sound of utensils from the kitchen. It was quite near my room. I was greatly scared. But the sound continued. After a few moments I heard the movement of footsteps on the floor. I do not know what happened to me then. I got up silently. I held the leg of the thief tightly. I dug my teeth into his calf. Actually I had come out of my bed. Then I saw the leg in the moonrays there. I do not know what had made me do so. My parents came crying “A thief! A thief!” They declared me ‘a hero’.

Question 2.
Discuss what you would do in the situations described below. Remember that presence of mind comes out of a state of mental preparedness. If you have thought about possible problems or dangers, and about how to act in such situations, you have a better chance of dealing with such situations if they do arise.

• A small fire starts in your kitchen.
• A child starts to choke on a piece of food.
• An electrical appliance starts to hiss and gives out sparks.
• A bicycle knocks down a pedestrian.
• It rains continuously for more than twenty-four hours.
• A member of your family does not return home at the usual or expected time.

You may suggest other such situations.

Answer:

For discussion at class level with the supervision, advice and direction of the teacher.

• If there is a small fire in the kitchen, a blanket should be put over it at once. Water may be thrown on it. In case of a short circuit, all members should go out at once.
• When a child starts choking on a piece of food, his or her back should be thumped slowly. This way the piece of food may be thrown out. He or she should at once be hospitalised if the condition worsens.
• If an electrical appliance starts to hiss and gives out sparks, the current should be stopped. The appliance should be got repaired or its use be stopped.
• The pedestrian should at once be attended to. If there is a serious mishap, calling for an ambulance is desirable. Public help may be sought.
• In that case one should go to the roof and contact the neighbours. Necessary things like food articles, medicines etc, should be collected at one place. Distress signals may be sent.
• His places of visit, his office, his friends, etc, should be contacted at once. One shouldn’t be panicky. One should think about the hurdles that could have withheld him. If he comes, it is O.K. If not police should be contacted.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 3 The Midnight Visitor help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 3 The Midnight Visitor drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 4 Introduction are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 4 Introduction.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 10
Subject	English Main Course Book
Chapter	Unit 4
Chapter Name	Introduction
Category	NCERT Solutions

CBSE Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 4 Environment Introduction

INTRODUCTION

Question 1.
Complete the following statements by choosing answers from the box given below and check your awareness about environment.

1. This animal is hunted for its under wool, shahtoosh, which is used to make shawls and scarves. This is the …………….
2. The key threat to tigers is …………….
3. The Sumatran Rhino is possibly the most critically endangered of the Asian Rhinos. The rhinos are hunted primarily because of their horn, which is used in ………..
4. The tiger has few enemies. The main predator of the tiger is the …………..
5. The largest endangered land mammal is the …………..
6. The name given to the list of endangered/threatened species is …………..
7. The major environmental factor thought to cause the loss of habitat for the polar bear is …………..
8. One of the reasons the WWF (World Wildlife Foundation) was created was to …………..

Answer:

1. Chiru/Tibetan Antelope
2. loss of habitat
3. traditional Asian medicine
4. human being
5. Asian elephant
6. The Red List of Threatened Species
7. global warming
8. educate and encourage conservation

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 4 Introduction help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 4 Introduction, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 5 Chapter 1 Land of All Seasons are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 5 Chapter 1 Land of All Seasons.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 10
Subject	English Main Course Book
Chapter	Unit 5 Chapter 1
Chapter Name	Land of All Seasons
Category	NCERT Solutions

CBSE Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 5 Travel and Tourism Chapter 1 Land of All Seasons

TEXTUAL EXERCISES

Question 1.
Fill in information from the text to complete the notes on the passage.
India : Destination of the Millennium

I. To a tourist it offers

(a) ………….. topography
(b) ………….. beauty
(c) ………….. diversity

II. Traditional yet modern

(a) shopping : …………..
(b) family structure : …………..
(c) medicine : …………..

III. indian hospitality

(a) belief : …………..
(b) attitude : …………..
(c) unique selling point (USP) : …………..

IV. Ministry of Tourism, GO! proposal

(a) name of the prog : …………..
(b) train people to : …………..
(c) boost : …………..
(d) effort to preserve : …………..
(e) inculcating sense of : …………..

Answer:

I.

(a) wide
(b) scenic
(c) cultural

II.

(a) haats and malls
(b) nuclear and joint
(c) ayurveda and modem medical tourism

III.

(a) honounng guests is honouring gods
(b) cheerful
(c) tradition—Atithi Devo Bhavah

IV.

(a) Atithi Devo Bhavah
(b) be sensitive to tourists
(c) tourism in India
(d) rich heritage and culture
(e) responsibility towards tourists

Question 2.
Following are some web links to the most creative advertisements that are a part of the ‘Incredible India’ Campaign. Watch them and then discuss in class which one you liked best and the reason for your choice.

(a) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-T2qtEu9e5o&feature=related
(b) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ruJvV7Tb6Mw&feature=related
(c) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rNWeBVBqo2c&feature=related
(d) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rLZ9eMNezQY&feature=related
(e) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dro_oER2iDU&feature=fvw

Comment on the contents of each of them. Your comments should include your opinion about the message and the visuals. Discuss in class which one you liked best and the reason for your choice. Speak about the features of the advertisement which made it more attractive than the others. Alternatively prepare a scrap book of advertisements related to the promotion of tourism in India. Discuss in class which one you liked best and the reason for your choice. Speak about the features of the advertisement which made it more attractive than the others.

Answer:

Following are the advertisements in web-links :

(a) Aamir Khan’s Incredible India Commercial—2
— Aamir speaks out against harassment of foreign tourists and vandalism of our ancient monuments by anti-social elements.

(b) Aamir Khan’s Incredible India Commercial—1
— Aamir speaks out against harassment of foreign tourists and vandalism of our ancient monuments.

(c) The Latest Incredible India Commercial, Directors Cut
— The 2 minute version of the newest Incredible India and featuring yours truly.

(d) Incredible India !
— Incredible India Promo.

(e) Aamir Khan’s Incredible India TV CF 2010
— Atithi Devo Bhavah

This campaign is aimed at Indians to help foreign tourists and to make tourists feel at home.

Comments

Students may have seen all these advertisements in different T.V. channels from time to time. Liking depends on individuals.

However, I like the last advertisement. This campaign is aimed at Indians to help make foreign tourists feel at home. Japanese actress Nobuko is one of the precious gems.

Question 3.
As an employee of the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India prepare an advertisement to promote tourism in India. You can promote tourism in your state or the country.

Answer:

Question 4.
Guest is God—Atithi Devo Bhavah

SUMMARY

‘Atithi Devo Bhavah’ is the essence of an old saying: ‘Treat others as you would like to be treated yourself. It implies that we shall be treated well by others if we treat them well. So we must behave better with others. It is the essence of Atithi Devo Bhauah (Guest is God). The number of foreign tourists in Intha is very small compared to those of ot her Asian countries. We can easily increase this number to 100%. This will only be a first step because the possibilities are much greater. For all this we need to change our attitude and behaviour towards the tourists. It is known that if some one is rude to you, you won’t encourage your friends to visit him.

Respect has always been an integral part of the Indian soul. We have always respected our teachers, elders, parents and guests. In the past, India was visited by travellers for enlightenment. We can bring back this golden age again through our culture of‘our visitor is God’.

The seven-point programme

To attract and assure the tourists the Government of India has launched a programme. This seven-point programme is named Atithi Devo Bhavah.

The first point is to make the people of tourism industry sensitive to the tourists. They should be told how this will benefit them also. For this these people will be given proper training and induction course. This will be the second step. The third step is to motivate these people by various incentives. Certification to ensure standards is the fourth step.

The other three steps are connected with these four. The fifth is to get a feedback from the tourists. This will help in further improvement in the tourism industry. The sixth step is to create awareness among the masses through mass media. The last is to urge all the people connected with tourism to make it their own programme.

The Charter of the Programme

The charter is also of seven points. First of them is hygiene and cleanliness. This includes not only roads and hotels but also vehicles and shops. The service providing persons should also be neat and clean.

The personal conduct and behaviour of the service provider is important. They must be courteous and polite. These people such as taxi drivers and hotel owners must be honest. Safety and security of the tourists is of utmost importance. They should display honesty and integrity.

To do these things, the government is organizing public-relation shows and using mass-media communication to create a general awareness. It is through newspapers, TV, cinema etc.

Question 5.
On the basis of your reading of the passage above, answer the following questions :
1. List the factors that you think inhibit tourists from coming to India. Find practical solutions to each of them. Give reasons to support your solutions.

2. Cultural Tourism is travel to experience the arts or history of a location or travel to immerse oneself in the language, society, or culture of a region.

This brings people into contact with each other and can foster understanding between different people and cultures. This helps people to develop mutual sympathy and understanding and to reduce prejudices. The jobs created by tourism can act as a very important motivation to reduce emigration from rural areas.

However, this causes cultural and environmental destruction. Moreover, at times tribes do not survive infections that are got into the area by the tourists.

Write an article on “The Two Sides of Tourism Industry”.

3 .Prepare a Road Show to sensitize people towards the responsibility of being good hosts in order to ensure that India becomes a safe and preferred destination for foreign tourists. Your road show must include a talk, jingles, street play etc. Prepare banners, backdrop and posters to create a suitable effect. For this activity divide your class into five groups.

Answers:

1. The following factors inhibit tourists from coming to India.

(a) our attitude
(b) mistreatment
(c) cheating
(d) rude behaviour
(e) dirty streets and places
(f) bad road conditions

The reasons are obvious. Inspite of our great wealth of tourist spots and cultural attractions we are not able to attract enough number of tourists. The truth is that our bad behaviour spreads like wildfire and inhibits foreign tourists to visit our great country. When one foreign lady tourist was killed, we got such a bad name all over the world. Then, the tourists who come here complain about the conditions when they return to their respective countries.

The solution is to bring about change.

Our attitude should be that guests are no burden but a blessing and God-send. They should be treated well. Let us remember to treat others as we want to be treated. Taxi drivers and such other people often cheat these tourists. The public should keep an eye on these things. The police should assure speedy action on the culprits. Common men are not always very kind to the tourists, particularly if they are from an undeveloped country. We should remember that a guest is a guest whatever the colour, creed or nationality. Our behaviour should be polite to everyone but specially to a foreign tourist. The way we treat with such a tourist with enhances or lowers the great name of our country abroad.

2. The Two Sides of Tourism Industry

Tourism, specially cultural tourism has two sides. First let us be clear what it means. It means coming in contact of people whose culture is different from your own. Obviously, the people who come as tourists do not want to experience much inconvenience. So for, the host country it means an investment and a commitment. This country has to invest in improving the infrastructure and maintaining its heritage. Thus valuable national resources are spent in becoming good hosts.

But it can also be a powerful economic development tool. Countries like Malaysia have survived basically on tourism. Tourism creates millions of jobs, provides new business opportunities and strengthens the local economy. If properly used, it can help to protect nation’s natural and cultural treasures. It can help also to improve the quality of life for residents and visitors alike.

However, the destruction of local culture as a result of tourism is well-documented. To attract more and more tourists, some governments and organizations offer the visitors stage culture instead of the real street culture. Thus the visitors have a lop-sided view of the country’s culture. In a multi-ethnic society like that of India, it causes a lot of heart-burning in those groups which are ignored. For example, in India the government advertises to the tourists much about the Mughal monuments. This clearly irritates other people whose ancestors’ monuments are equally important. Last but not least, * the chain of visitors causes damage to the heritage cities. So the basic purpose of cultural tourism is itself defeated.

3. Answer in Hints

(i) You should prepare a talk on the basis of the representation entitled Ecotourism. You can add more points from your own reading of the text and by learning from ; internet. Think about these on your own too.

Ladies and Gentlemen

This road show is our attempt to create an awareness about the tourism. Many persons in our country are unaware of its need and benefits. Perhaps, you know that each year lakhs of Indians go out for tours of different type and size. Thus a lot of money goes into foreign hands. On the other hand, the number of tourists who visit our country is very small. Thus we are losing the valuable foreign exchange which can work wonders to our developing economy.

To get it back, we have to make an effort. This road show is being organized to give you an idea of what we should do in this direction.

(ii) Jingles are to be brought from the market. They are to be used in your road-show when there is a change of scene. They will also be used when the tone of your play changes.

(iii) Prepare banners with various slogans. For example,

(iv) Posters are like big banners. Look at the examples below.

Backdrop : Backdrop should be a cloth which should be painted in the colour of environment. This colour should be preferably light blue or green as these are the colours of the sky and nature and obviously symbolise environment.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 5 Chapter 1 Land of All Seasons help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 5 Chapter 1 Land of All Seasons, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 2 The Thief’s Story are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 2 The Thief’s Story.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 10
Subject	English Footprints Without Feet
Chapter	Chapter 2
Chapter Name	The Thief’s Story
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 2 The Thief’s Story

TEXTUAL EXERCISES

Read and Find Out (Pages 8 & 10)

Question 1.
Who does T refer to in this story ?
Answer:
“I” in this story refers to the narrator.

Question 2.
What is he “a fairly successful hand” at ?
Answer:
He is ‘a fairly successful hand’ at stealing things (because he is a thief).

Question 3.
What does he get from Anil in return for his work ?
Answer:
He gets from Anil in return for his work, a place and food. It is for sleeping and food to eat.

Question 4.
How does the thief think Anil will react to the theft ?
Answer:
The thief thinks that Anil would be sad when he would discover the theft.

Question 5.
What does he say about the different reactions of people when they are robbed ? (V. Imp.)
Answer:
He says that a greedy man shows fear. A rich man shows anger. A poor man shows acceptance. There are different reactions of people when they are robbed.

Question 6.
Does Anil realise that he has been robbed ? (V. Imp.)
Answer:
I think Anil does realise that he has been robbed. Persons like Anil have a large heart. They do not attach importance to money. Anil reviews the situation. Then he decides to overlook Hari Singh’s, theft.

Think About It (Page 13)

Question 1.
What are Hari Singh’s reactions to the prospect of receiving an education ? Do they change over time ? (Hint. Compare for example, the thought, “I knew that once I could write like an educated man there would be no limit to what I could achieve” with these later thoughts: “Whole sentences, I knew, could one day bring me more than a few hundred rupees. It was a simple matter to steal—and sometimes just as simple to be caught. But to be a really big man, a clever and respected man, was something else.”) What makes him return to Anil ?
Answer:
Hari Singh’s reactions to the possibility of receiving an education -undergo a change. In the beginning he thinks one thing. It is that if he wrote like an educated man he could achieve success (or money). His later thoughts prove this change. Later he feels that if he wrote whole sentences, he would get more than a few hundred rupees. Money doesn’t hold much attraction for him now.

He wants from education to become a big man, a clever and respected man. May be Anil is his idol in that. This makes him return to Anil. It is because only Anil could teach him as he wants.

Question 2.
Why does not Anil hand the thief over to the police ? Do you think most people would have done so ? In what ways is Anil different from such employers ?
Answer:
I feel that Anil is a large-hearted person. First, he does realise that he has been robbed. But he reviews the whole situation. He thinks that if he gives the thief to the police, he may become a criminal. He decides to reform the thief differently. It is showing grace, kindness and sympathy.

Most people could not do so like Anil. They could have handed over such persons to the police after first beating them themselves. Anil is different because he decides to reform the thief through kindness and sympathy.

Talk About It

Question 1.
Do you think people like Anil and Hari Singh are found only in fiction, or are there such people in real life ?
Answer:
I think people like Anil and Hari Singh are found in real life also. But their number is very very small.

Question 2.
Do you think it a significant detail in the story that Anil is a struggling writer ? Does this explain his behaviour in any way ?
Answer:
It is a significant detail in the story that Anil is a struggling writer. His getting little money and getting some from time to time shows this. Then he has a heart of gold as mostly the writers have. When they get money, they spend it lavishly. They are in fact, the gems of humanity.

Question 3.
Have you met anyone like Hari Singh ? Can you think and imagine the circumstances that can turn a fifteen-year-old boy into a thief ?
Answer:
Yes, I have also met a boy like Hari Singh. I think the circumstances make one a thief. For example, if one’s family has sources of livelihood its member can’t be a thief. But if it is a family of thieves, the children shall surely be thieves later. Food and its lack make a human being a thief.

Question 4.
Where is the story set ? (You can get clues from the names of the persons and places mentioned in it.) Which language or languages are spoken in these places ? Do you think the characters in the story spoke to each other in English ?
Answer:
The story is set in Delhi, capital of India. The clues are : ‘The Jumna Sweet Shop’, ‘railway station’, ‘The Lucknow Express was just moving out’. Hindi, English and other Indian languages are spoken in it.

I do not think the characters in the story spoke to each other in English. However, they might have used some English words. These could be like ‘time’, ‘train’, ‘clock tower’. These are now parts of Hindi language as a whole.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 2 The Thief’s Story help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 2 The Thief’s Story drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 1 Chapter 2 Laughter – The Best Medicine are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 1 Chapter 2 Laughter – The Best Medicine.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 10
Subject	English Main Course Book
Chapter	Unit 1 Chapter 2
Chapter Name	Laughter – The Best Medicine
Category	NCERT Solutions

CBSE Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 1 Health and Medicine Chapter 2 Laughter – The Best Medicine

TEXTUAL EXERCISES

Question 1.
Read the following poem. Take turns in reading them aloud with your partner and ensure that you put in the right sort of feelings and emotions and voice modulations and intonation to make your partner laugh heartily.
Answer:
Students to read the text on their own.

Question 2.
Discuss with your partner which part of the poem you liked the most and give reasons for your preference.
Answer:
Classroom activity. The following information shall he useful in assessing the poem.

In a way, the entire poem is beautiful seeing the subject and its musical aspects. However, the last part is the most likable. It is the climax and underlines the fact that the narrator has been riding all the time, yet he is where he had begun from. This is also because of his realizing that whatever he had been doing was a crime though a muddle-head he was. It means that he regains some sensibility. This redeems his muddle-headedness.

Question 3.
Humor is infectious. The sound of roaring laughter is far more contagious than any cough, sniffle, or sneeze. When laughter is shared, it binds people together and increases happiness and intimacy. In addition to the domino effect of joy and amusement, laughter also strengthens your immune system, boosts energy, and protects you from the damaging effects of stress. Best of all, this priceless medicine is fun, free, and easy to use. Given below the table are the benefits of laughter in a jumbled form. Complete the table by putting them in the relevant column.
Answer:

	The Benefits of Laughter
Physical Health Benefits:A Boosts immunity Lowers stress hormones Decreases pain Relaxes your muscles Prevents heart disease	Mental Health Benefits:B Relieves stress Helps defuse conflict Eases anxiety and fear Improves mood Adds joy and zest to life Enhances resilience	Social Benefits:C Strengthens relationships Enhances teamwork Promotes group bonding Attracts others to us

Question 4.
Read the following article Fundamentals of Laughter Yoga
Answer:
Students to read the text on their own.

FUNDAMENTALS OF LAUGHTER YOGA
SUMMARY

The most important principle behind Laughter Yoga and the driving force behind Laughter Clubs is the theory that Motion Creates Emotion. Some persons wonder how a person can laugh when he is in no mood to laugh. The answer is simple. It is : what happens to the mind happens to the body as well. Also there is a link between the body and the mind.

A simple thing between a father and his son proves it. The father told his son that if he was sad, he should not sit idle. But he should do some physical work or go for a walk. He would feel better and it happened. It means in a sad mood if we behave happily we shall start feeling happy.

Laughter Yoga aims to use the two-way body-mind link to change the state of mind. It is through clapping, chanting or some body movements like breathing exercises. The result has been positive. Laughter Yoga has been seen to overcome severe and chronic depression in thousands of people across the globe. Several Laughter Clubs have adopted the motto : If your Mind can’t laugh, bring your Body to our Club’.

Laughter is all about playfulness. Children laugh 300 to 400 times a day. This is because of the brain. Adults first use their brains to understand humour to decide if they have to laugh. This is linked to the LKK syndrome, that is, ‘Log Kya Kahenge’. This is called the ‘Mind-to-Body Model of Humour. But children do not bother about it. Even if they fall into mud they laugh even at the spoiling of their clothes. Their laughter comes straight from their bodies and not brains. They exhibit the ‘Body-to-Mind Model of Humour’. It is this playfulness that Laughter Yoga aims at cultivating in people who are stressed. More and more people are becoming the members of Laughter Clubs.

Laughter distinguishes between Happiness and Joy. Happiness is a conditional response of the mind. It depends solely on the fulfilment of certain desires of the mind. It is related to how one’s life had been in the past and how it will be in the future ! It is a sad fact that even if some goals or dreams have been obtained, happiness disappears quickly. It is because the mind starts searching for new goals like a new house, a car etc. On the other hand, joyfulness is the unconditional commitment to be happy each moment despite the problems of life. It is the promise that the Body makes to the mind to indulge in playfulness. This playfulness is caused by dancing, singing, playing and laughing. Physiological and biochemical changes occur within the body. This gives us a sense of well-being which changes the negative outlook towards life into positive one.

In Laughter Clubs members develop positive conditioning of joy. In chanting ‘Ho Ho Ha Ha’ and “Very Good Very Good Yay Yay’ the brain develops new neuronal connections to produce neuropeptides and hormones in the body. This gives a new life and rejuvenates the members.

Finally, Laughter Yoga rectifies irregular breathing. It is the direct consequence of stress and negative mental state. According to Dr. Otto Warburg, a Nobel Laureate, one reason for falling sick is the lack of oxygen in the body cells. It is due to incorrect breathing. So let us laugh together and get oxygen back into our cells !

Question 5.
Given below in jumbled form are the sub-headings for the paragraphs of the article that you just read. Arrange the headings in the right order against the paragraph numbers :

(para 4) The unconditional nature of joy
(para 6) Healing power of laughter yoga
(para 2) Laughter-Positive Impact-making members refreshed
(para 5) The conditioned Mind
(para 1) The link between Body and Mind
(para 3) Spontaneous laughter

Answer:

(para 1) The conditioned Mind
(para 2) Laughter-Positive Impact-making members refreshed
(para 3) The link between Body and Mind
(para 4) The unconditional nature of joy
(para 5) Spontaneous laughter
(para 6) Healing power of laughter yoga

Question 6.
Now write an e-mail to your overstressed sister who is preparing for her Class XII exams suggesting her to join a laughter club to combat her anxiety. Youmay use the following points along with your own.

Answer:

Date : 10 January, 20 —
From : praveenl2@gmail.com
Subject : joining laughter club to combat anxiety
To : romal3@yahoo.com

Dear Roma

I hope all at your side are fine. I felt a little distressed to know that you are under stress due to your preparing for your class XII examinations. You’ll agree with me that stress is more because of a worrying nature and a tendency to be sad and fallen. Just imagine if you tend to be more stressed what gain you will get ! No gains except more sadness and frustration. So stop worrying about those things that are to happen in future. We, you know, can’t foresee future happenings. What is important is cheerfulness and happiness. We should not spoil our present for the sake of future as we can’t see it.

I, therefore, advise you to feel light in every way. Join a laughter club as it is a panacea for these modern diseases. Laughing lowers blood pressure. It reduces stress hormones and cleanses lungs and body tissues. It also increases blood circulation and boosts immune function. In a way, laughing produces a general sense of well-being. One feels fresh zest and enthusiasm thereafter. You yourself will see a sea change in your body after a few days on joining this club. All of us here are already the members of this club.

With best wishes
Yours affectionately
praveen

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 1 Chapter 2 Laughter – The Best Medicine help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 1 Chapter 2 Laughter – The Best Medicine, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 3 Chapter 4 Letters from the planet Aurigae II are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 3 Chapter 4 Letters from the planet Aurigae II.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 10
Subject	English Main Course Book
Chapter	Unit 3 Chapter 3
Chapter Name	Space Travel
Category	NCERT Solutions

CBSE Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 3 Science Chapter 4 Letters from the planet Aurigae II

TEXTUAL EXERCISES

Question 1.
Have you read novels or short stories about life on other planets ? What is this type of writing called ?
Answer:
Yes, I have read the novel Brave New World written by Aldous Huxley. This type of writing is called ‘Science Fiction’.

1. What does the letter suggest about its writer ?
2. What do you think may happen between the writer and Pen Pal ?

Answer:

1. The letter suggests that the writer is a living being of a planet other than the earth. This planet is in the galaxy. This living being does not know anything about the Earth, its inhabitants, etc.
2. I think that there may develop a ‘friendship’ between the writer and Pen Pal.

Question 2.
Now find out what happens, in this exciting Science Fiction story. The letter to Pen Pal continues…

1. What does “a hydrocarbon form of life” mean ?
2. What would a non-hydrocarbon form of life look like ?
3. Why cannot Skander hold ordinary paper {from Earth) ?
4. Why do you think Skander is in prison ? .

Answer:

1. It means a form of life that is composed of water and carbons as life on the Earth is made of.

2. Since till date no non-hydrocarbon form of life is known to the human race, it can be imagined to be of any form. Some examples are given below :
(i) It may be a giant form or a tree-like body in which Mercury is flowing instead of blood.
(ii) It may be a giant-like shape having no eyes and no ears, living on Helium instead of Oxygen.

Both of these forms may or may not be radioactive but these should look like the modern-day robots.
Note: Students might have seen some Hollywood movies like Antz or The Planet of the Apes which f deal with such creatures.

3. He cannot hold ordinary paper (from the Earth) because it will burn at his contact, since his body temperature is 250 degrees Celsius.

4. Skander is in prison because he has committed some crime or any unlawful experiment. However, he doesn’t mention what exactly he has done.

Question 3.

1. From the first two letters, what have we so far learned about Skander ?
2. What have we learned about the Planet Aurigae II ?
3. Why do you think Skander started this correspondence with Pen Pal ?
4. What impression do you have of Skander ?

Answer:

1. From the first two letters we have so far learned that Skander is a scientist. He lives on the Planet Aurigae II. He is not a hydrocarbon form of life like us. He is in jail for performing forbidden experiments on his body. He communicates with other planets by intercepting letters from the interstellar correspondence club. He has a longer life expectancy than that of humans.

2. The Planet Aurigae II is inhabited. Its average temperature is more than 250 degrees Celsius. Its inhabitants live for a very long period. Also, they are very much advanced in science, technology, etc.

3. Skander had been amusing himself at intercepting communications between the planets in his galaxy. He developed systems for intercepting these communications and intercepted Pen Pal’s letter out of curiosity. The description of the Earth sounded exciting and he developed a liking to live on it for a while. So he started the correspondence with Pen Pal.

4. Skander is of a high mental calibre. He has a deep desire to know everything possible about other planets. His system for intercepting communications between the planets reveals this fact. His experimenting upon his own body means that he is curious to acquire every kind of knowledge even at a great risk to his body.

Question 4.
1. Why (D.4) do you think Pen Pal showed Skander’s photographic plate to a doctor at the hospital ?

2. In all the last four letters, Skander is insistent that Pen Pal sends a photograph of himself Why do you think Skander is so insistent ?

3. Why (D.5) do you think Pen Pal’s government warned him against continuing the correspondence ?

Answer:

1. Perhaps Pen Pal got suspicious of the uncommon photographic plate. So he showed it to a doctor at the hospital to know what it actually was.

2. Firstly, Skander, in my opinion, is so insistent because he, perhaps, needs a photograph of his friend. It is so because we are generally keen to keep the photographs of our friends.

Secondly, he may also be keen to have the photograph of a living being of the Earth which, for him and others on the Aurigae II, may be a novel and unique thing. Thirdly, he, being very inquisitive and being a scientist, may have a desire to know more about the human species.

3. Pen Pal’s government was afraid that if he continued the correspondence any longer, something dangerous might happen, eg some epidemic might come. Or because of ‘spying’, some other problem may come to the Earth from some other planet in the galaxy.

Question 5.

1. What exactly did Skander do ?
2. Why did he do this ?
3. Might this ever be really possible, at some stage in the future ?
4. Would there be advantages and/or disadvantages in doing so ?
5. Were there any clues in earlier letters that warned us of what Skander was planning to do ?

Answer:

1. Skander simply played a trick. He placed Pen Pal’s photograph near him and activated the sub-space energy flow between the two photographic plates. He now lived in Pen Pal’s body and the Pen Pal in his body with their memories intact.

2. Skander did this because he had been fascinated by the description of the Earth. Due to that he had developed a desire to live there for some time. Secondly, he wanted to escape from the prison and ‘tour the universe’.

3. This may be possible in the future. No one can predict what man can do with computer- aided knowledge in this age of science.

4. There would be both advantages and disadvantages in doing so. Advantages would be in the sense that man would get new knowledge and experiences by changing his body. Also, humanity would be benefited a lot if the mind of a great scientist on death bed is transferred into a young man’s body with a weak and dull mind.

The disadvantages would be more horrible in the sense that an evil mind might be transferred into the body of a virtuous man. In that case, there would be an utter confusion and chaos. Unimagined difficulties and problems would arise as is being thought of these days in relation to human cloning. Consequently, there might be many disadvantages of various kinds in the atmosphere or environment etc.

5. Yes, there were ‘clues’, that warned us of what Skander was planning. These were :
(D.1) × ‘Earth ……. I would like to live there for a while ………. ’
(D.3) × ‘ ……… how I plan to visit Earth ………… ’
(D.3, D.4, D.5, D.6) × Skander asks Pen Pal to send a photograph of himself.
(D.3) × ‘ It would be pleasant to leave my body behind and tour the universe.’

Question 6.
1. Who has written the letter ? (Original Pen Pal ? original Skander ? “New Pen Pal” ?) ‘

2. Which planet does he live on ?

3. When Skander and Pen Pal exchanged bodies and personalities, each received certain benefits. Write words or phrases in the scales under their names, to indicate the advantages to each. Decide who profited most from the exchange. (Copy and complete.)

4. Imagine that five years have passed since the last letter. Skander and Pen Pal are both still alive. Write another letter from Skander to Pen Pal, outlining what has happened in the intervening years. What is your present situation ? What are your thoughts ? What are your plans for the immediate future ?

(NB : Decide : Are you the “original Skander” or the “New Skander” ?)

Answer:
1. Original Pen Pal (now in the body of the original Skander). The reasons for this are :
(a) Original Pen Pal is now enjoying a disease-free life. The original Skander has now realized that man on the Earth suffers heart attacks and paralysis.
(b) It is clear from the last line of the body of the final letter that its writer is becoming ‘accustomed’ with a new name ‘Skander’ as signed in the letter. It means the writer’s old name is Pen Pal.

2. Aurigae

3.

Decide who profited most… ?

This is for class discussion. In our opinion, both are benefited and both are at a loss. Students can discuss and can write about the profit from the words and phrases given in the boxes above.

4. We are giving here two letters. First is written by new Skander and second by original Skander.

(i) Dear Pen Pal

You will be amazed to receive my letter after five years. Well, there has not happened anything special in the intervening period. Life has been going on as usual. I enjoyed, at first, my coming over to Aurigae II. But it was not for long.

As regards my present situation, I am still in jail. I have tried my level best to correspond with other planets. But I have not yet got the knowledge of how to do it. Doing experiments without the mental capability and knowledge is as useless as trying to swim without knowing how to.

At present, I have neither any plan nor any new thoughts. In fact, life has become a hell in jail. I am in your body but my mind and thoughts are of an Earth’s man. So there is no compatibility between them. I am not confident of doing any successful experiments without the knowledge equal to that of yours. Thus I am really trapped for ever in your body. I can’t transfer myself because I have no knowledge of it. However, all facilities about equipments and laboratories exist here. You played a trick but didn’t think what would happen. Now it has happened. We both are to suffer long.

Skander

(ii) Dear Skander

I hope you recollect something about me that happened five years before.

You may be startled to know that I am in a very bad condition. While I was there on Aurigae, the Earth sounded exciting. But it is not now. At first, everything looked fascinating. But soon I found that my mind was not compatible with the body. There, then, started a series of troubles. I suffered the weaknesses of the body. Some time there was an acute pain in it due to some injury.

Really my thoughts have remained imprisoned for ever. I have, you know, a very active mind. But it can’t do anything for me. It is because I have no equipment and no facilities of laboratories here. So my future plans are nothing. If there is anything here, it is the tale of suffering and suffering. In this way, my future is bleak. How I regret my curiosity to tour the world ! I am waiting only to die because I just struggle to live here. Really, the earth is a strange place and human body another strange thing.

Pen Palt

Question 7.
Writing a science fiction story : Do you think life exists on other planets ?
If there is life on other planets, what would these aliens look like ? Draw your idea of an alien in the box below.
Answer:

Students to write their own stories on their own keeping the points given above in mind. Some more information given below may help them in this project work.

• The setting may or can be of the earth, the sky or wilderness suiting the occasion.
• Characters can both be humans and aliens.
• The plot can be about a visit of the alien to the earth as it happens in Hindi film KOI MIL GAYA. Or it can be the one given in the film KRISH. Or it is PK.
• Students can draw both audio and video help from these pictures.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 3 Chapter 4 Letters from the planet Aurigae II help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 3 Chapter 4 Letters from the planet Aurigae II, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 1 A Triumph of Surgery are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 1 A Triumph of Surgery.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 10
Subject	English Footprints Without Feet
Chapter	Chapter 1
Chapter Name	A Triumph of Surgery
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 1 A Triumph of Surgery

TEXTUAL EXERCISES

Read and Find Out (Pages 1 & 3)

Question 1.
Why is Mrs. Pumphrey worried about Tricki ? (V. Imp.)
Answer:
Mrs. Pumphrey is worried and shocked about Tricki. It has become hugely fat. It looks like a bloated sausage. Its eyes are blood red and rheumy. Its tongue lolls down its jaws.

Question 2.
What does she do to help him ? Is she wise in this ?
Answer:
She at once calls Mr. Herriot for Tricki. Mr. Herriot is a veterinary doctor. She is wise in this. No one can know about animals except the veterinary doctor.

Question 3.
Who does “I” refer to in this story ?
Answer:
“I” in this story, refers to James Herriot, the veterinary surgeon.

Question 4.
Is the narrator as rich as Tricki’s mistress ?
Answer:
No, the narrator is not as rich as Tricki’s mistress.

Question 5.
How does he treat the dog ?
Answer:
He takes the dog Tricki to his surgery. There he does not give much food to it. He instead cuts its food. He keeps it on a strict diet. He keeps it under observation. At the end of the second day Tricki changes. It starts showing some interest in the surroundings. On the third day it whimpers.

Question 6.
Why is he tempted to keep Tricki on as a permanent guest ? (V. Imp.)
Answer:
It was a temptation to keep Tricki as a permanent guest. It was because Mrs Pumphrey started sending fresh eggs, two dozen at a time. The staff of Mr Herriot ate these eggs. There came bottles of wine etc. It was really a great thing for them. Mr. Herriot does not give these to Tricki.

Question 7.
Why does Mrs. Pumphrey think the dog’s recovery is “a triumph of surgery” ?
Answer:
She thinks so because it is the surgery, that is, hospital. It has made Tricki all right. Its stay at the surgery has cured it of its illness.

Think About It (Page 6)

Question 1.
What kind of a person do you think the narrator, a veterinary surgeon, is ? Would you say he is tactful as well as full of common sense ? (Imp.) (CBSE 2012)
Answer:
I think the narrator, a veterinary surgeon is a very practical man. He is also tactful and has a lot of common sense. He is kind-hearted and jovial kind of fellow. He, at once, understands Tricki’s illness. He wants to keep Tricki for a longer period. It may be his selfishness because he gets Jiuge supplies from Mrs. Pumphrey for Tricki. But it is not a mean quality.

Question 2.
Do you think Tricki was happy to go home ? What do you think will happen now ?
Answer:
Yes, Tricki was happy to go home. It is seen in one fact. When Mrs. Pumphrey comes to the surgery to take Tricki home, it jumps into her lap. It swarms over her. It also licks her face out of great excitement.

I think that Mrs. Pumphrey will again give Tricki a lot of food. It would grow sick again due to overeating and no exercise.

Question 3.
Do you think this is a real-life episode, or mere fiction ? Or is it a mixture of both ?
Answer:
I think it is a real-life episode with some part of fiction. But it is not mere and whole fiction. In fact it is a mixture of both.

Talk About It

Question 1.
This episode describes the silly behaviour of a rich woman who is foolishly indulgent, perhaps because she is lonely. Do you think such people are merely silly, or can their actions cause harm to others ?
Answer:
I think that persons like Mrs. Pumphrey are over-indulgent because she is lonely. She can be called silly also because she lacks in common sense. All know that overeating and no physical exercise can make even an elephant ill. Such people can cause harpa to others as Mrs. Pumphrey does to Tricki.

Question 2.
Do you think there are also parents like Mrs. Pumphrey ?
Answer:
Yes, there are parents like Mrs. Pumphrey. They are doting on their children or pet animals. Later when things get out of their control they repent much. But losses can’t be made up.

Question 3.
What would you have done if you were : (i) a member of the staff in Mrs. Pumphrey’s household (ii) a neighbour ? What would your life have been like, in general ?
Answer:
If I were in the staff of Mrs. Pumphrey. I could have politely advised her in the matter. The advice would be : cut down Tricki’s food. Give it light food, if it had a liking for it. If I had been her neighbour, I could have advised her more emphatically. Tricki was not ill. But it was the effect of rich food given to it.

My life would have been all right. A man or a woman should have some practical common sense also.

Question 4.
What would you have done if you were in the narrator’s place ?
Answer:
If I had been in the narrator’s place, I would have done the same thing as he did. He did not exploit Mrs. Pumphrey, nor would I do. Eating a part of Mrs. Pumphrey’s food meant for Tricki was not bad in taste. It was playful.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 1 A Triumph of Surgery help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet Chapter 1 A Triumph of Surgery drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 2 Chapter 3 Inclusive Education are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 2 Chapter 3 Inclusive Education.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 10
Subject	English Main Course Book
Chapter	Unit 2 Chapter 3
Chapter Name	Inclusive Education
Category	NCERT Solutions

CBSE Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 2 Education Chapter 3 Inclusive Education

TEXTUAL EXERCISES

Question 1.
Discuss in groups of four, the following questions :

• What was wrong with Fox’s school initially ?
• What were the reasons for improvement in the results ?
• Do you think the schools in the present day resemble Fox’s school ? If yes / no say how ?
• Can the Bat’s advice be extended to present day schools ? If yes, how ? If no, why ?

Answer:

Students to discuss in groups as desired as directed by their class teacher. Some
information is given below on the above points to help them in their discussion :

• The wrong with Fox’s school initially was that he introduced many things in his curriculum. These were not liked at all by the students. Also they didn’t have an inherent interest for them.
• The reasons for improvement in the results were that despite teachers’ doing their best the students failed and failed. The teachers were very unhappy with the results. They tried all methods and conducted classes regularly. But no improvement was there.
• Yes, the schools in the present day resemble Fox’s school. The subjects taught to the students fail to excite them to learn. They are boring and not related to real-life situations. School education doesn’t make them competent to face the problems of life. There is no coordination between what one learns at school and what he has to learn to lead a happy life later.
• The wise Bat’s advice deserves to be extended to present day schools. It is so because students shall learn those things quickly for which they have a liking and an aptitude, or an inherent curiosity. When the students of Fox’s school were given the subjects of their liking and in relation to natural instincts they excelled in them. This should be the way to give education to all.

Question 2.
Discuss within your group in what way is the story of the Fox’s school applicable to your classroom. How can the issue of inclusion of students with different abilities be addressed in the best possible way ?
Answer:
Group activity at classroom level. Some additional information is given below to enable the students to discuss the point in detail and with conviction :

The story of the Fox’s school is fully applicable to the classroom. If the students have a liking for a particular subject, they will learn it in the best manner. For instance, a student likes to study sports as he excels in it. He will do best in it if he is given sports as the main subject. But if he is forced to learn or study Sanskrit, he will miserably fail.

In such a backdrop, students must be identified as per their liking and inherent traits. Then they should be sent to those classes or subjects which cater to their talent and traits. Thus the issue of inclusion of students with different abilities can be addressed in this way.

Additionally, students identified with different abilities can be groomed by specialised courses. These should be relating to their inherent abilities and talents from the beginning. For instance, a student showing a potential for cricket can be sent to a cricket school to brighten in cricket. Going this way would bring in great results.

Question 3.
What does the term “inclusive education” mean to you ?
To me the term “inclusive education” means …………………………….
Answer:
…. the education which is singly and totally devoted to one subject or one goal. Though ‘inclusive’ means including all things related to one particular aspect, it, here, means a different kind of education. It comprises the things which have an inherent connection with the students’ tastes, likings, talents and abilities.

Question 4.
Read the poem given below :
I am SPECIAL, and so are You
___________________________________
Answer:
Students to read the poem on their own

SUMMARY

The poet says that he and all others are special. He asks the reader to think what could have happened if Mother Nature had been uniform and all living beings had been the same. If ants, apes, leopards, bears, birds, clouds, leaves fish etc, had been uniform, life could have been tragic.

God is to be thanked that we all have different shapes and sizes, looks, talent etc. Friends are fat, skinny, graceful, slow, funny, helpful, intelligent, dance-lovers etc. This gives uniqueness.

The poet says further that his friends are intelligent. They are winners in dancing, music, painting and sports. Then there are others who are full of other surprises. This is because each of us is one of a kind specially created and specially designed.

Each of us has a purpose, a role, a goal and a dream. Each of us is different, special and rare. Therefore, the poet advises that we should love one another as life has an aim. This is to be happy being special. We should do what we do as we all are special.

Question 5.
Based on your understanding of the poem, have a group discussion on the topic : ‘Inclusion means acceptance of diversity in a classroom. ’ After having the discussion, a member of each group will make a brief presentation to the class, giving the views and opinions of the group.
Answer:
Classroom activity. Group discussion on the topic to proceed as desired. The following points will help in the discussion :

1. analysis of the comprehensive meaning of Inclusive Education vis-a-vis present-day situation. Meaning of diversity in a classroom like—a classroom has students having different tastes, talents, skills, backgrounds, inherent likes and dislikes.
2. Physical conditions suiting getting Inclusive Education in the face of non-availability of infrastructural support.
3. Curriculum and its viability suiting the provision of Inclusive Education.
4. Diversity can’t be overlooked or ignored as it is the spice of life.
5. Diversity—a force of character—to be recognised and ways and means to be explored to sharpen a student’s personal interests, likes and dislikes.
6. Drawbacks, if any, of the present-day system of education and suggestions for further diversification or improvements in consonance with the ground truths.

Question 6.
Working in groups, illustrate the poem. Put up your illustrations on the class notice board under catchy titles.
Answer:
Students to draw their illustrations on their own as desired.

Question 7.
Now read the news story given below.
West Bengal Boy is World’s Youngest Headmaster
Answer:
Students to read the news story on their own.

SUMMARY

At 16 years of age Babar Ali is, perhaps, the youngest headmaster in the world. He is incharge of teaching hundreds of students in his family’s backyard. These students are, indeed, poor and from his village. This young man is from Murshidabad in West Bengal.

Babar Ali’s day starts early. He jumps on an auto-rickshaw after doing household chores and reaches the Raj Govinda School. It is at a distance of ten kms. Babar Ali has to walk two kms to reach it. The school is neat and clean. It is fully equipped with furniture and dedicated teachers.

Babar Ali sits in the middle in the front row. He is a tall, slim, smart and studious teenager wearing a blue and white uniform. He is a model student and first member of his family to get a proper education.

Raj Govinda school is govt, run and so it is free. Babar Ali has to pay for his uniform, books and rickshaw. It costs around 1800 rupees a year to send him to school. Many poor families can’t afford to send their children to the school.

Chumki Hajra, 14-years old, has never been to school. She lives in a tiny shack. Every morning she scrubs the dishes instead of going to school. She has bee^ doing this work since she was five. Her father is handicapped and can’t work. But Chumki is getting education with hundreds of other poor children, thanks to Babar Ali. Babar Ali rushes back to his school from Raj Govinda school after it is over. He reaches it at 4 O’clock. A bell summons all children to his house. He now acts as head¬master of his own unofficial school.

Babar Ali gives the lessons the way he gets from his teachers. The children sit in the mud, some on rickety benches while family chickens scratch around here and there. His school has 800 students all from poor families, all taught free. He was just nine when he began teaching a few friends as a game. He says that in the beginning he play-acted. But later he realised that they won’t learn to read and write if they didn’t have proper lessons. He calls it his duty to educate them to help our country build a better future.

There are ten teachers at his school. They volunteer their services free. Ali doesn’t charge for anything. Books, food etc, are free and funded by donations. He admits that without his school they won’t be ever literate.

There are about twelve other girls besides Chumki Hajra. Her dedication is incredible as she works, in homes in the village from six in the morning till 2 pm. Then she heads for Ali’s school. She dreams to become a nurse one day. With that in her mind she is attending Ali’s school. The school has been recognized by the local authorities as it has helped increase literacy rates in the area. Babar Ali has won many awards for his work.

The youngest children are just four or five. There are a couple of electric bulbs to give light when it is dark. There are little problems when seasons change. The monsoon comes and children hurry for cover. They crowd under a piece of plastic sheeting. Babar Ali shouts an order. Lessons are cancelled as rain disrupts the working. The children hurry home through the downpour. Tomorrow they will be back though.

Question 8.
On the basis of your reading of the above text complete the following sentences:

1. What makes Babar Ali’s tale extraordinary is ___________
2. That Babar Ali values his education is evident ___________
3. In spite of the fact that he studies in a government school, receiving an education is not easy because : (a) ___________ (b) ___________
4. Chumki is likely to achieve her dream of becoming a nurse because she has the qualities of : (a) ___________ (b) ___________
5. The poor infrastructure that the students of Babar Ali’s school study in is obvious from ___________
6. It is ironical that though the poor children are hungry for knowledge ___________

Answer:

1. his being at the age of 16 the youngest headmaster in the world
2. in his giving out to the poor children what he has been learning from his school teachers. It is in his hardwork to teach the poor children and in running his school.
3. (a) it is far away and (b) it is very costly
4. (a) working very hard in scrubbing the dishes and cleaning the homes of her neighbours and,(b) her deep ambition to be a nurse
5. the absence of furniture. His ‘school’ has rickety benches. It is under a rough, is homemade shelter and with family chickens scratching around nearby.
6. no government or non-govt, organizations come to the real help of Babar Ali, the youngest headmaster in the world.

Question 9.
Find one word or phrase from the passage that means the same as the following :

(a) extremely serious, bad or terrible (para 1-3)
(b) to give enthusiastic support (para 4-5)
(c) lanky (para 6-8)
(d) to leave to go to another place (para 13-14)
(e) wobbly (para 16-17) .
(f) to write something hastily or untidily (para 22-23)
(g) very difficult to believe (para 23-25)
(h) scamper (para 27-28)
(i) heavy shower (para 28)

Answer:

(a) direst
(b) pitches in
(c) gangly
(d) heads off
(e) rickety
(f) scribbling
(g) incredible
(h) scurry
(i) downpour

Question 10.
Smt. Anju Kar, Minister (Mass Education), West Bengal comes across BBC’s story of Babar Ali’s remarkable achievements transforming the lives of hundreds of poor children.
She writes a letter to him lauding his extraordinary efforts and undeterred spirit of reform in the face of adversity. She also promises support, both financial and academic to him. As Anju Kar, write the letter to Babar Ali.
Answer:

Minister (Mass Education)
Govt, of West Bengal Kolkata
5 October, 20 – –
My dear Babar Ali

I have come across BBC’s story of you and your remarkable achievements in transforming the lives of hundreds of poor children through teaching them even in adverse conditions. My heart goes with you when I realize how wonderfully you have contributed to the cause of govt’s, mass education campaign. This makes it more creditable without any govt, assistance. The country feels proud of you and the people of West Bengal bow their heads in gratitude to your determined efforts in educating the poor population. Despite difficulties and other adverse circumstances you have riicely been discharging your social responsibilities towards the educationally deprived. in a way, you are helping the underprivileged to fulfil their dreams through literacy. You are a pathfinder tor the youth of the country irl doing something useful for it. In this way you are an inspirer for thousands of such children.

I, as Minister of Education, am exploring all possible avenues to provide you every possible financial and other assistance. It is to ensure that you do not face any problem in your great duties. I am also recommending your case for a special grant to the Hon’ble Chief Minister.

Wishing all success in your great efforts.
Yours sincerely
(Smt.) Anju Kar

Question 11.
Writing a Biosketch
Answer:

Bama, alias Karukku Bama

Bama, popularly known as Karukku Bama, was born in 1958. She is a creative Tamil woman writer, a committed teacher and a social activist. She has a penname in Faustina Mary Fatima Rani. She has written novels with the titles Karukku, Sangati and Vanman. She has translated them into other Indian languages, English and French. Bama has also written twenty short stories which have not yet been published in book form. She was awarded a Honorary doctorate degree. She was honoured with a Crossword Award for her semi-fictional autobiography Karukku. She was invited by universities in India and abroad. She also lectured at various conferences held in the country and abroad.

Bama is a multi-faceted personality. She is a woman with extraordinary courage and conviction. She resists any form of oppression. She has a keen eye for beauty in nature and profound insight into the issues pertaining to caste, religion and women. She is endowed with clear thoughts and expression. Bama is dedicated to the uplift of the downtrodden. Her passion is teaching and mission of life is building a casteless society.

Question 12.
Listen carefully to a speech by Steven Jobs.
Answer:
No questions asked

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 2 Chapter 3 Inclusive Education help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 2 Chapter 3 Inclusive Education, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 5 Introduction are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 5 Introduction.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 10
Subject	English Main Course Book
Chapter	Unit 5
Chapter Name	Introduction
Category	NCERT Solutions

CBSE Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 5 Travel and Tourism Introduction

INTRODUCTION

THE TRAVEL AGENT’S NIGHTMARE

Question 1.

Two couples, Mr. and Mrs. apple and Mr. and Mrs. Banana, are going on individual vacations. One person wants to fly on Kathmandu, one to London, one to Frankfurt, and one to Hong kong.

Of these four, only two can fly on a weekend.

One of those two is going to London.

One woman wants to fly to Hong kong on a weekend. Her husband wants to go to Kathmandu. Mrs. Banana must leave on a weekday.

1. Where does Mrs. Banana want to go ?

(a) Kathmandu
(b) London
(c) Frankfurt
(d) Hongkong

2. Where and when does Mr. Banana want to go ?

(a) to London on a weekend
(b) to Kathmandu on a weekend
(c) to Frankfurt on a weekend
(d) to Hong Kong on a weekday
(e) to London on a weekday

3. Who wants to fly to Kathmandu ?

(a) Mrs. Banana
(b) Mr. Banana
(c) Mrs. Apple
(d) Mr. Apple

Answer:

1. → (c)
2. → (o)
3. → (d)

Note :

1. Mr. Apple wants to fly to Kathmandu on a weekday.
2. Mr. Banana wants to fly to London on a weekend.
3. Mrs. Banana wants to go to Frankfurt on a weekday.
4. Mrs. Apple wants to go to Hong kong on a weekend.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 1 introduction are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 1 introduction.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 10
Subject	English Main Course Book
Chapter	Unit 1
Chapter Name	Introduction
Category	NCERT Solutions

CBSE Class 10 English Main Course Book Unit 1 Health and Medicine Introduction

INTRODUCTION

Question 1.
In groups of 4-5, discuss and make a list of things that, according to you, contribute towards good health and wellness in an individual.

(a) a balanced diet
(b) ________ ()
(c) ________ ()
(d) ________ ()
(e) ________ ()
(f) ________ ()
(g) ________ ()
(h) ________ ()
(i) ________ ()
(j) ________ ()
(k) ________ ()

Source-Reader’s Digest (August 2006)

Put a tick against the five most popular choices made by the groups in your class. How many groups included “A good night’s sleep” as an important contributor to good health and well-being ?

Answer :

To be discussed in groups at class level.

The things that contribute towards good health and wellness in an individual are given below :

(b) sleeping and rising in time (a good night’s sleep)
(c) playing
(d) eating healthy food/avoiding junk food
(e) positive outlook
(f) avoiding negative thoughts/unnecessary fears
(g) viewing not much television
(h) sitting before computer for a limited time and in right posture
(i) doing regular homework
(j) avoiding eating street food or too much fried food
(k) avoiding bad habits like backbiting etc.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English First Flight Poem Chapter 11 For Anne Gregory are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English First Flight Poem Chapter 11 For Anne Gregory.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 10
Subject	English First Flight Poem
Chapter	Chapter 11
Chapter Name	For Anne Gregory
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English First Flight Poem Chapter 11 For Anne Gregory

TEXTUAL QUESTIONS
(Page 141)

Thinking About the Poem

Question 1.
What does the young man mean by “great honey-coloured / Ramparts at your ear ?” Why does he say that young men are “thrown into despair” by them ?
Answer:
By these the poet means golden outer parts of the young woman’s ears. He says that young men are “thrown into despair” by them. It is because they look ugly.

Question 2.
What colour is the young woman’s hair ? What does she say she can change it to ? Why would she want to do so ?
Answer:
The colour of the young woman’s hair is ‘white’. She can colour it ‘brown, black or carrot’. She can change it to brown, black or carrot. She would want to do so as per the latest fashion. It would be for looking attractive and beautiful.

Question 3.
Objects have qualities which make them desirable to others. Can you think of some objects (a car, a phone, a dress…) and say what qualities make one object more desirable than another ? Imagine you were trying to sell an object: what qualities would you emphasise ?
Answer:
These objects can be ‘shoes, ornaments, hair dyes, hair styles’ etc. Wearing costly ornaments and behaving in an affected manner etc, can make one more desirable than another. But these are momentary and ‘die’ after some time. It is because they emphasize the physical aspect of beauty. Physical beauty is external. Internal aspects of beauty are lasting. These are : affectionate or sympathetic attitude or behaviour, compassion, pity, love etc.

If I were to sell an object I would emphasize the useful and durable qualities. I wouldn’t favour artificial, temporary and unreal ones.

Question 4.
What about people ? Do we love others because we like their qualities, whether physical or mental ? Or is it possible to love someone “for themselves alone” ? Are some people ‘more lovable’ than others ? Discuss this question in pairs or in groups, considering points like the following.

(i) a parent or caregiver’s love for a newborn baby, for a mentally or physically challenged child, for a clever child or a prodigy
(ii) the public’s love for a film star, a sportsperson, a politician, or a social worker
(iii) your love for a friend, or brother or sister
(iv) your love for a pet, and the pet’s love for you.

Answer:
Such an attitude can and can’t be applied because human society is as such. We have to overlook certain weaknesses of the human beings seeing different situations. Essentially, we love others because of their physical and mental qualities. We also love them ‘for themselves alone’. For example, a mother loves her child whether he or she is or is not beautiful. There are some people ‘more lovable’ than others. It is because of their qualities of head and heart.

The following to be discussed in pairs in groups :

(i) A parent’s love for a newborn baby, or a mentally or physically challenged child, etc, will almost be the same. It would be more for a clever or a prodigy because of his or her inborn traits. However, the love of a caregiver .will not be of that level. That would be determined by the relationship.

(ii) The public’s love for a film star, a sportsperson, a politician or a social worker is situational. It will be there till that person works as the public expects. Players, sportspersons, filmstars and politicians are out once they fail to meet the public aspirations. Politicians get defeated. Filmstars, sportspersons etc, are abused. Rotten tomatoes are thrown at them. They are shown black flags if they fail to come up to the public’s estimate. They are also abused in the social media.

(iii) My love for a friend or brother or sister can’t be the same. A friend is a friend. A brother or sister are a brother or sister. But my love gets shaken if they fail to act what they are. A friend in that case may be ‘defriended’. But a brother or sister can’t be done with so.

(iv) My love for a pet will be less affected by the pet’s behaviour. Her or his being not a human being will continue to get my love. Her or his winning my heart by tricks/ feats etc, shall determine my love.

Question 5.
You have perhaps concluded that people are not objects to be valued for their qualities or riches rather than for themselves. But elsewhere Yeats asks the question: How can we separate the dancer from the dance ? Is it possible to separate ‘the person himself or herself from how the person looks, sounds, walks, and so on 1 Think of how you or a friend or member of your family has changed over the years. Has your relationship also changed ? In what way ?
Answer:
It is rather difficult to separate ‘the person himself or herself from how the person behaves. But a certain distinction can be made. Actually man or woman must understand that he or she is not one man. He or she hides several persons in them. She or he must behave in keeping with those things in mind.

Yes, I have seen how a member of my family has changed over the years. It is due to stupid and artificial reasons. It is also due to her not taking the relationships seriously, t Seeing that my relationship has also changed. She has abused the faith that we had in her earlier. Now we do not have any faith in her. We are conscious of her every time. Our relationship is not deep. It has become showy and artificial. It mustn’t be this way.

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