Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Political Science with Solutions and marking scheme Term 2 Set 1 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Political Science Term 2 Set 1 with Solutions
Time: 2 Hours
Maximum Marks: 40
General Instructions:
- The question paper has 3 Sections A, B &C.
- Section A has 8 questions of 2 marks each. Answer to these questions should be completed within 50 words each.
- Section B has 3 questions of 4 marks each. Answer to these questions should be completed within 100 words each.
- Section C has 2 questions of 6 marks each. Answer to these questions should be completed within 170 words each.
Section – A
(2 x 8 = 16)
Question 1.
What is Legislature? [2]
OR
Which is more powerful and why-Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha? [2]
Answer:
The legislature is one of the three organs of the Government of the modern state. Although, its main function is to make a law but it performs a number of other functions like representational and deliberate functions. The legislature has financial and administrative control over the executive.
OR
Lok Sabha is more powerful than Rajya Sabha as it controls the executive.
Commonly Made Error:
Also, a money bill can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha and sent to the Rajya Sabha for recommendation. If the Rajya Sabha does not return the bill within 14 days, it is assumed to be approved.
Answering Tip:
- A few students answered as both the Houses are equally powerful which is not correct.
- Since India is a democracy, the House of the People is more powerful than the Council of States.
Question 2.
Write any two features of Parliamentary Democracy. [2]
Answer:
The two features of Parliamentary Democracy are: (Any two)
- The leadership of Prime – Minister as a real head.
- Executive individually and collectively responsible replace for with to the legislature.
- Political homogeneity.
- Uncertain Tenure.
Question 3.
What does Aung San Suu Kyi, in her book of essays bearing the title ‘Freedom from Fear’, states? [2]
Answer:
Aung San Suu Kyi, in her book of essays bearing the title ‘Freedom from Fear’, states that living a ‘dignified human life’ requires us to be able to overcome fear.
Question 4.
State any two essentials of the positive aspect of equality? [2]
Answer:
Essentials of the positive aspect of equality are as under: (Any two)
- Equal opportunities.
- Acess to minimum needs.
- Equal treatment with all.
- Fulfilment of basic needs.
- Availability of resources.
Question 5.
Name any two dimensions of equality.[2]
Answer:
The two dimensions of equality are: (Any two)
- Political.
- Economic.
- Social.
Question 6.
Who argued that the root cause of economic inequality was private ownership of important economic resources? [2]
Answer:
Marx was an important nineteenth century thinker who argued that the root cause of economic inequality was private ownership of important economic resources. He stated that to tackle inequality in society, try and ensure public control over essential resources and forms of property.
Question 7.
What is the ideology behind “Long Walk to Freedom”? [2]
Answer:
The ideology behind “Long Walk to Freedom” is based around the resistance of the Black Majority against the White Minority in South Africa on account of their segregating policies. It is an autobiography narrating excerpts about the struggle against Apartheid by Nelson Mandela.
Question 8.
List any two phases of positive liberty. [2]
Answer:
The two phases of positive liberty are:
- It averts conflicts that may arise between the citizens and the society.
- They form a apart of various measures that help in ensuring freedom of citizens.
Section – B
(4 x 3 = 12)
Question 9.
What are the qualifications for the person to be a member of Legislative Assembly? [3]
The person must be:
- Citizen of India.
- Not less than 25 years of age.
- Of a sound mind.
- Not holding any office of profit under the government.
Question 10.
What does the executive of India comprise of? [3]
India has adopted a parliamentary system of executive which includes the following officers:
- President.
- Vice-President.
- Prime Minister.
- Council of Ministers.
- Civil Servants (Bureaucracy)
Question 11.
Map Based Question
In the given outline political map of India, four states have been marked as (A), (B), (C) and (D). Identify these states on the basis of the information given below and write their correct names in your answer book along with their respective serial number of the information used and the concerned alphabets as per format that follows: [3]
(i) The state having a bicameral legislature.
Answer:
Karnataka.
(ii) The city where Cabinet Secretariat is located.
Answer:
New Delhi.
(iii)Justice V Ramaswami, was accused of misappropriating funds while he was Chief Justice of this state.
Answer:
Punjab.
(iv) The state related to former Congress President K. Kamraj.
Answer:
Tamil Nadu.
Section – C
(6 x 2 = 12)
Question 12.
Explain the original and appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of India. [6]
OR
What is the importance and impact of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) Court? [6]
Answer:
Original Jurisdiction:
Original jurisdiction means cases that can be directly considered by the Supreme Court without going to the Lower Courts. The Original Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court establishes it as an umpire in all disputes regarding federal matters. In any federal country, legal disputes are bound to arise between the Union and the States; and among the States themselves. The power to resolve such cases in entrusted to the Supreme Court of India. It is called original jurisdiction because the Supreme Court alone has the power to deal with such cases. Neither the High Courts nor the Lower Courts can deal with such cases. In this capacity, the Supreme Court not just settles disputes but also interprets the powers of Union and State Government as laid down in the Constitution.
Appellate Jurisdiction:
The Supreme Court is the highest court of appeal. A person can appeal to the Supreme Court against the decisions of the High Court. However, High Court must certify that the case is fit for appeal, that is to say that it involves a serious matter of interpretation of law of Constitution. Additionally, in criminal cases, if the Lower Court has sentenced a person to death then, an appeal can be made to the High Court or Supreme Court. Of course, the Supreme Court holds the powers to decide whether to admit appeals even when appeal is not allowed by the High Court.
Appellate jurisdiction means that the Supreme Court will reconsider the case and the legal issues involves in it. If the Court thinks that the law or the Constitution has a different meaning from what the Lower Courts understood, then the Supreme Court will change the ruling and along with that also give new interpretation of the provision involved. The High Courts too, have appellate jurisdiction over the decision given by courts below them.
OR
PIL is a revolutionary development in Indian Judiciary and is the consequence of Judicial Activism and is an indicator of the changes which are taking place in social and economic set up in India. Through the PIL, the courts have expanded the idea of rights, clean air, pure drinking water, decent living and dignified living are accepted as the essential rights of every man in the society. It was therefore, felt by the courts that the individuals are part of the society must have the right to seek Justice when such rights are involved.
Through PIL Judiciary has become more liberal and humane, Judicial activism has a manifold impact on Indian Political System. People have largely found it and accepted as people-friendly. It has also made the executive more conscious and accountable to the people. Transparency in official working is the impact of Judicial activism. In fact, through Judicial activism, Judiciary has put the executives on their toes.
Question 13.
How the principle of equal treatment for equals serves as the cause of social justice? [6]
OR
Discuss the idea of ‘veil of ignorance’ as given by John Rawls in his theory of social justice. [6]
Answer:
In modern society, the principle of equal treatment is considered to be the essential condition for the realization of social justice. However, it is not easy to calculate, how much a person should get or what exactly is one’s due. For this treating equals equally is considered a necessity. It is considered that all individuals share certain characteristics as human beings. Therefore, they deserve equal rights and similar treatment and equal dignified behaviour at least in similar conditions.
Besides equal rights, the principle of treating equals equally would require that people should not be discriminated against on grounds of caste, color, race, and gender. A person’s due place in society should be judged on the basis of one’s abilities, talent, words, and actions and not on the basis of class, caste, or group one belongs to. For example, if a male or female worker is performing the same work in a similar situation, both should be given equal wages and no discrimination should be made between male and female workers in terms of wages and behaviour, only then the cause of justice will be served.
OR
John Rawls imagines a situation of uncertainty about the composition of society and different roles to be given to the different people or the class of the people. He is of the view that future society would be fair to all. In fact, this uncertain and imaginative situation is referred to by John Rawls as ‘Veil of ignorance’. He says that it will be the situation of complete ignorance about our possible position and status and role. Each person will behave in terms of their own interests as human beings generally do.
Since, it is a situation of uncertainty, each will accept the future society from the point of view of the worst off. In this situation, justice will be constituted to see that important resources like education, health, shelter are available to all irrespective of their status in the society. The merit of the veil of ignorance is that it expects people to be just, fair and rational.