Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Political Science with Solutions and marking scheme Term 2 Set 2 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Political Science Term 2 Set 2 with Solutions
Time: 2 Hours
Maximum Marks: 40
General Instructions:
- The question paper has 3 Sections A, B &C.
- Section A has 8 questions of 2 marks each. Answer to these questions should be completed within 50 words each.
- Section B has 3 questions of 4 marks each. Answer to these questions should be completed within 100 words each.
- Section C has 2 questions of 6 marks each. Answer to these questions should be completed within 170 words each.
Section – A
(2 x 8 = 16)
Question 1.
Write two special powers of Rajya Sabha. [2]
Answer:
The two special powers of Rajya Sabha are:
- It can declare a any matter of state list as a subject of National importance by 2/3 majority resolution.
- It can declare a service as All-India Service by 2/3 majority resolution.
Question 2.
How the President of India is elected? [2]
The President of India is elected for a period of five years. The President of India is not elected directly by the people. Instead, the President of India is elected by MLAs and MPs. This election takes place in accordance with the principle of proportional representation with single transferable vote.
Question 3.
What are the benefits of positive freedom? [2]
Answer:
Positive freedom ensures:
- End of oppression and injustice to minorities.
- Equal opportunities across all sections of the society.
Question 4.
What is equality of opportunities? [2]
Answer:
Equality of opportunities implies that all the people are entitled to get rights and opportunities to develop their talent, skill and potentialities without any discrimination and to achieve their desired goal in different areas of life.
Question 5.
Is freedom necessary for progress of human beings?[2]
Answer:
Yes, freedom is a prerequisite for growth of the human beings. Human beings can grow only if they are provided adequate freedom of activities. However, such freedom needs to be refrained when it starts hurting the freedom of fellow being. As a result, refrained and not absolute freedom is necessary for growth of human beings.
Commonly Made Error:
starts hurting the freedom of fellow being. As a result, refrained and not absolute freedom is necessary for growth of human beings.
Answering Tip:
- Some students are not able to link freedom with progress/growth.
- Freedom is the prerequisite for growth of human beings.
Question 6.
Do liberty and authority coexist? Give reasons for your views. [2]
Answer:
Yes, there is a striking relationship between liberty and authority. Liberty in absence of authority leads to conflicts and corruption. Over-authority curtails individual liberty. The two are separated by thin line, yet they are bound to coexist.
Question 7.
What do you mean by Feminism? [2]
Answer:
Feminism is a movement, either it is a thinking or philosophy which indicates the change of understanding about the capabilities and capacities of women and about her place in the society.
Question 8.
“Sometimes, it is necessary to treat people differently in order to ensure that they can enjoy equal rights”. Explain this statement with one example. [2]
Answer:
Yes, sometimes it is necessary to treat people differently in order to ensure that they can enjoy equal rights. For example, disabled people may justifiably demand special ramps in public spaces. These should not be seen as infringements of equality but as enhancement of equality.
Section – B
(4 x 3 = 12)
Question 9.
Explain the composition of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. [3]
Answer:
Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha are two houses of the Indian Parliament. Lok Sabha is the Lower house and Rajya Sabha is the upper house. Lok Sabha has a maximum capacity of 552 members which are elected by the people by direct elections. A person of a minimum of 25 years of age can be a member of the Lok Sabha. Every person who is of 18 years of age or above, is eligible to cast his or her vote in this election. Rajya Sabha is the Permanent house and cannot be dissolved. The capacity of Rajya Sabha is 250 members and the members are indirectly elected. Every member enjoys the tenure of 6 years. Its one- third of members are retired after every second year and new members are elected by the respective state assembly by a single transferable vote system.
Question 10.
Why did India adopt a Parliamentary system? [3]
Answer:
There was a debate in Constituent Assembly whether to adopt a Parliamentary system of government or Presidential system. Some members were in favour of the Parliamentary system and others were for the Presidential system. ‘But ultimate constitution-makers took the decision in favour of Parliamentary system as we had already experience of running a Parliamentary system under the Government of India Act 1919 and 1935. This experience had shown that in the Parliamentary system executive is effectively controlled by the legislature. Constitution makers wanted a responsible and responsive Government for India which can be answerable to the people and could serve the need of the people. The Parliamentary System provides an effective mechanism to check the executives by the people in the Parliamentary System
Question 11.
Map Based Question
In the given outline political map of India, four states have been marked as (A), (B), (C) and (D). Identify these states on the basis of the information given below and write their correct names in your answer book along with their respective serial number of the information used and the concerned alphabets as per format that follows: [3]
(i) The city where the Supreme Court in India located.
Answer:
New Delhi.
(ii) The state to which Minister for Communications in the first ministry of free India belonged.
Answer:
Uttar Pradesh.
(iii) Mahatma Gandhi belongs to this state.
Answer:
Gujarat.
(iv) Lokmanya Tilak belongs to this state.
Answer:
Maharashtra.
Section – C
(6 x 2 = 12)
Question 12.
What do you mean by Judicial Activism? Discuss its Negative Impacts. [6]
OR
Write the composition and role of the Supreme Court of India. [6]
Answer:
The term Judicial Activism is much talked about in legal, political and academic circle in India. On the basis of Judicial Activism, the courts have given revolutionary decisions is different areas which have demoralized the legislature and executive who are particularly vocal infusing the concept of Judicial Activism. However, it is found to be more people-friendly. Judicial Activism means working of Judiciary beyond its limit, which is permitted under the principle of procedure established by law which says –
Under this jurisdiction, the Supreme Court listens to the case related to:
(a) Dispute between the Centre and State.
(b) The dispute between two states.
(c) Fundamental Rights.
(d) Interpretation of the Constitution.
Also, there is the negative side of Judicial Activism which are as under:
- It is the violation of principle separation of power.
- It is an attack on the autonomy of executive and legislative.
- An ultimate representative of the people of the interest of the people is legislative which are elected by the people.
- It will lead to high handedness of Judiciary.
- It will lead to conflict between the legislature and judiciary and will be a hindrance in the working of the government.
OR
Judiciary in India occupies the place of dignity and prestige. We have an independent, impartial and powerful judiciary. It is an integrated one. At its apex is Supreme Court which has administrative and supervisory control on the Lower Courts. The Supreme Court consists of 34 Judges including the Chief Justice of India. The Chief Justice of India is appointed by the President of India by the principle of seniority. Other Judges are appointed by the President with the consultation of Chief Justice of India. The Judges of the Supreme Court enjoy long tenure. They get retirement at the age of 65 years. They can be removed from the office by way of impeachment by Parliament. Supreme Court of India has a power of Judicial review and exercises the jurisdiction in the following areas:
- Original Jurisdiction.
- Appellate Jurisdiction.
- Advisory Jurisdiction.
Supreme Court of India has assumed more and more powers and role in Indian Political System. It is working beyond its/jurisdiction and has the renowned name of Judicial activism. L.N. Bhagwati has filter done revolutionary step by accepting the principle of PIL (Public Interest Litigations) which means by filing the case by anothers the aggrieved person who an unable to move to the courts themselves. Judiciary has played’ important role in the following manners:
- Checking the arbitrations of executive in India.
- It is defending the democracy in India.
- It is protecting the Fundamental Rights of the people.
- It is working as guardian of the Constitution.
Question 13.
Explain social justice? How does the Indian Constitution seek to achieve social justice? [6]
OR
Give the arguments in favor of State intervention for the promotion of social justice. How a democratic framework is more favorable for social justice? [6]
Answer:
Social justice has been considered as the most important and necessary condition for human life, justice has other aspects also like economic, political, and social. The very essence of justice has been the just system and just relationship and just place of every man in the society. Just means that everyone should occupy one’s position. Another important feature of justice has been the equality of treatment so that everyone could lead a dignified life. The third important requirement of social justice is the availability of minimum needs to everyone and also the fair distribution of resources.
Indian Constitution is considered as the embodiment of social justice because the objective of the Constitution laid down in the preamble indicates that the entire Constitution seeks the total transformation of Indian society for the promotion of social justice. The dignity of man is placed on the top. The mechanism has been provided for the transformation of society and the economy. Polity has been made responsible, responsive, and participatory. The common man is given due place in the decision-making process at different levels. Social evils like untouchability have been abolished. Weaker sections and women have been given a place of preference in the matter of development and welfare. All these measures and features are meant for social justice.
OR
Although there are a number of arguments in favour of a free-market economy that show certain negative tendencies also which are violative of the basics of social justice. Free market leads to competition and concentration of powers in few hands only which generates the classes-of haves and haves not which creates the situation of injustice. To check this inhuman competition and concentration of resources in few hands only, the state intervention is considered useful and desirable to create balances for social justice. State intervention will ensure that basic facilities are made available to all the members of society.
The state acts as an arbiter in the matter of management of the resources and their fair distribution for the promotion of social justice. The democratic framework of society and policy is considered more conducive for the availability of social justice because it tends to respect human dignity and seeks to improve the quality of life by ensuring fair and equitable distribution of minimum basic needs for the people.