Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Geography with Solutions and marking scheme Term 2 Set 1 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Geography Term 2 Set 1 with Solutions
Time Allowed: 2 Hours
Maximum Marks: 35
Roll No. ___________
General Instructions:
- Question paper is divided into 5 sections A, B, C, D & E
- In section A, question number 1 to 3 are Very Short Answer type questions. Attempt any 3 questions.
- In section B, question number 4 is Source based question.
- In section C, question number 5 & 6 are Short Answer type questions.
- In section D, question number 7 to 9 are Long Answer type questions.
- In section E, question number 10 is a Map based question.
Section – A
Very Short Answer Questions
Question 1.
Explain the prominent features of traditional large scale industrial regions. (2)
Answer:
The prominent features of traditional large scale industrial regions are
- High proportion of employment in manufacturing industry.
- Problems of unemployment, emigration and ruined land areas caused by closure of factories.
Question 2.
Define Tertiary Activities. (2)
Answer:
Tertiary activities involve the commercial output of services rather than the production of tangible goods. Here skilled people are needed who provide services to people against payment of fees. Common examples of tertiary activities are the work of a plumber, electrician, technician, launderer, barber shopkeeper, driver, cashier, teacher, doctor, lawyer, publisher, etc.
Question 3.
Differentiate between retail trading and wholesale trading. (2)
Or
Differentiate between departmental stores and chain stores.
Answer:
The business activities concerned with the sale of goods directly to the consumers are known as retail trading, while wholesale trading constitutes bulk business through numerous intermediary merchants except retail stores. Or In departmental system, there is one store with many departments while in chain system, there are several shops and the shops are scattered over several places. Departmental stores deals in a large variety of goods while chain stores deals only in one commodity.
Section – B
Source Based Question
Question 4.
Read the source given below and answer the following questions by choosing the correct option.
‘Manufacturing Industry’
Manufacturing literally means ‘to make by hand. However, now it includes goods ‘made by machines’. It is essentially a process which involves transforming raw materials into finished goods of higher value for sale in local or distant markets. Conceptually, an industry is a geographically located manufacturing unit maintaining books of accounts and records under a management system.
As the term industry is comprehensive, it is also used as synonymous with ‘manufacturing’. When one uses terms like ‘steel industry’ and chemical industry’, one thinks of factories and processes. But there are many secondary activities which are not carried on in factories such as what is now called the ‘entertainment industry’ and ‘Tourism industry’, etc. So for clarity, the longer expression ‘manufacturing industry’ is used.
i. What do you understand by the term Manufacturing? (1)
Answer:
The conversion of raw material into finished goods through application of power is called manufacturing
ii. “Manufacturing involves value addition.” Explain with any one suitable example. (1)
Answer:
Manufacturing is a process which involves transforming raw materials into finished goods of higher value. Example, raw cotton is transformed to more valuable threads and then threads are further transformed into more valuable fabric.
iii. Name two industries which provide services rather than production of goods. (1)
Answer:
The ‘entertainment industry’ and ‘tourism industry’ are two industries which provides services rather than production of goods.
Section – C
Short Answer Questions
Question 5.
Road transport plays a vital role in the promotion of trade and tourism in the world. Support this statement with three suitable arguments. (3)
Answer:
Road transport plays a vital role in the promotion of trade and tourism in the world. It can be supported with the following examples
- Modern society requires speedy and efficient road transport system to assist in the production, distribution and consumption of goods.
- The opening-up of tourist areas has been aided by improvement in transport facilities. Road transport provides link between the origin and destination of tourist places.
- Road transport facilitates the movements of holiday makers, business travellers, people visiting relatives and those undertaking educational and health tourism.
Question 6.
Satellites and computers have brought revolutionary changes in the present life of the people. Elaborate the statement with three suitable examples. (3)
Or
Evaluate the role and importance of roads in the economic development of India?
Answer:
Satellites and computers have brought revolutionary changes in the present life of people. It can be elaborated with the help of following examples
i. Satellites are a part of human lives in many ways. Every time we use a cell phone to call a friend, send SMS or watch a popular programme on cable television, we are using satellite communication.
ii. Today weather forecasting through television is helpful in saving the loss of life and property. It is possible through artificial satellites which are successfully installed in the earth’s orbit and these can connect even the remote corners of the globe with limited on-site verification.
iii. As many people use the Internet via computers each year, cyberspace will expand the contemporary economic and social space of humans through email, e-commerce, e-leaming and e-governance.
Or
Importance and role of roadways in the economic development in India are
→ Roads provides better connectivity between rural and urban areas and hence advancement of rural India occurs.
→ Road connectivity is very important in linking intra-state urban areas and inter-states for better transportation of various goods and services and hence for overall development in terms of saving time, money etc and reduction in pollution and CO2 emission level.
→ Rural economy would be connected with urban economy through a dense road network.
→ A good road network helps to improve import and export in the country.
Section – D
Long Answer Questions
Question 7.
How do quaternary services differ from tertiary services? Give three reasons why the service sector in developing and developed countries is growing faster than the manufacturing sector? (5)
Answer:
The activities concerning knowledge such as education, information, research and development and more intellectual activities where the major task is to think, research and develop ideas are quaternary activities. For example, as a medical transcription and a CEO of an MNC work under quaternary sector. Tertiary activities are related to service sector.
These activities include the segment of economy that provides services to consumers such as transport, communication, education, health, etc. Here skilled people are needed who provide services to people against payment of fees. Such as doctors, lawyers, publishers, electrician, technician and so on. The service sector in developing and developed countries is growing faster than the manufacturing sector due to following reasons
- The rising per capita income in both, developed and developing countries has generated proportionately larger increase in the many kinds of services such as trade, transport, real estate financial banking etc.
- There is also demand for educational services at all levels with the increase in the demand for literacy and computer skills at the workplace.
- The increasing living standard of people has resulted in rising demand for services such as transport, tourism, sports, etc.
Question 8.
How is the use of plastic bags harmful for environmental degradation? Evaluate it by citing suitable reasons. (5)
Or
The disposal of urban waste has become a serious concern for the local authorities. Analyze the statement with suitable examples.
Answer:
Use of plastic bags is harmful for environmental degradation in the following ways
- The major impact of plastic bags on the environment is that it takes many years to for them to decompose.
- Waste from plastic bags poses serious environmental danger to human and animal health. If plastic bags are not properly disposed of, they can impact the environment by causing littering and stormwater drain blockages.
- Animals often confuse the plastic bags for food and consume them, therefore blocking their digestive processes.
- Plastic buried deep in landfills can drain harmful chemicals that spread into groundwater.
- If plastic bags are burned, they release a toxic substance into the air causing ambient air pollution. Or The disposal of urban waste has become a serious concern for the local authorities in the following ways
- Tons of waste come out daily in metropolitan cities and are burnt. The smoke released from the waste pollutes the air.
- Lack of sewers or other means to dispose of human excretes safely and the inadequacy of garbage collection sources adds to water pollution.
- The concentration of industrial units in and around urban centres gives rise to a series of environmental problems.
- Dumping of industrial waste into rivers is the major cause of water pollution. The solid waste generation continues to increase in both absolute and per capita in cities.
The improper disposal of solid waste attracts rodents and flies which spread diseases. The thermal plants release a lot of smoke and ash in the air. For example, a plant producing 500MW electricity releases 2000 tons of ash which is difficult to manage.
Question 9.
Attaining sustainable development in the command area requires major thrust upon the measures to achieve ecological sustainability. Highlight the measures proposed to promote sustainable development in the command area of Indira Gandhi Rajasthan Canal (5)
Answer:
The measures proposed to promote sustainable development in the Indira Gandhi Rajasthan Canal Command Area are
→ Strict implementation of water management policy is required. The canal project envisages protective irrigation in Stage-1 and extensive irrigation of crops and pasture development in Stage-II.
→ In general, the cropping pattern shall not include water intensive crops. It shall be adhered to and people shall be encouraged to grow plantation crops such as citrus fruits. The CAD (Common Area Development) programmes such as lining of water courses, land development and leveling and warabandi system (equal distribution of canal water in the command area of outlet) shall be effectively implemented to reduce the conveyance loss of water.
→ The areas affected by water logging and soil salinity shall be reclaimed.
→ The eco-development through afforestation, shelterbelt plantation and pasture development is necessary particularly in the fragile environment of Stage II.
→ The social sustainability in the region can be achieved only if the land allottees having poor economic background are provided adequate financial and institutional support for cultivation of land.
Section – E
Map Based Question
Question 10.
On the outline map of India indicate and mark the following features (Attempt any 5). (1 × 5 = 5)
(a) Iron ore mines of Chhattisgarh
(b) Oil refinery located in Uttar Pradesh
(c) The largest lignite coal mines
(d) Easternmost terminal of East-West Corridor
(e) Southernmost metropolitan city connected by Golden Quadrilateral
(f) Oldest copper mines of Rajasthan
Answer:
