On this page, you will find NCERT Class 8 Civics Chapter 8 Notes Pdf free download. CBSE Class 8 Social Science Notes Civics Chapter 8 SST Confronting Marginalisation will seemingly, help them to revise the important concepts in less time.
Confronting Marginalisation Class 8 Notes Social Science Civics Chapter 8
CBSE Class 8 Civics Chapter 8 Notes Understanding the Lesson
1. The choice of struggle depended upon on the circumstances that the marginalized found themselves in.
2. The Fundamental Rights in the Constitution are available to all Indians equally. As far as the marginalized are concerned, they deserve these rights in two ways:
3. Marginalized have forced the government to recognise the injustice done to them.
4. Marginalized people have insisted that the government enforces these laws.
5. Article 17 of the Constitution states that untouchability has been abolish. In vital sense to society, untouchability is a punishable crime.
6. Article 15 of the Constitution states that no citizen of India shall be discriminated on the basis of religion, race, sex or place of birth.
7. The above-mentioned articles from the Constitution help to strengthen the argument against untouchability.
8. Dalits have used these to seek equality where it has been denied to them. They have drawn the attention of the government of India to the Constitution, demanding that the government abide by it and do justice to them.
9. Dalits and other minority groups have particularly drawn upon the right to freedom of religion and cultural and educational rights.
10. By granting different forms of cultural rights, the Constitution tries to ensure cultural justice to the people from different culture.
11. There are specific laws and policies for the marginalized, in our country. There are policies and schemes that emerge through other means like setting up of committee or by undertaking a survey etc. The government then makes an effort to promote such policies in order to give opportunities to the specific groups.
12. Both State and central governments create specific schemes for implementation in tribal areas or in areas that have a high Dalit population.
13. In addition to providing certain facilities, the government also operates through laws to ensure that concrete steps are taken to end inequality in the system.
14. The reservation policy works as Governments across India have their own list of Scheduled Castes, Schedule Tribes and backward and most backward castes. The central government too has its list. The students or person seeking benefits from government are expected to furnish proof of their caste or tribe status in the form of caste and tribes certificates.
15. Our country also has specific laws that guard against the discrimination and exploitation of marginalized communities.
16. The Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 was framed in 1989 in response to demands made by Dalits and others that the government must take seriously the ill treatment and humiliation Dalits and tribals face in an everyday sense.
17. The Act contains a very long list of crimes, some of which are too horrible even to contemplate.
18. The Act does not only describe horrible crimes, but also lets people know what dreadful deeds human being are capable. Laws such as these seek to both punish as well as influence the way we think and act.
19. The Act distinguishes several levels of crimes.
20. Firstly: It lists made of humiliation that are both physically horrible and morally reprehensible and seeks to punish those who:
- force member of a SC’or a ST to drink or >eat any inedible or obnoxious substance.
- forcibly removes clothes from the person of a member of a SC or a ST or parades him or her naked or with painted face or body or commits any similar act which is derogatory to human dignity.
21. Secondly: The Act lists the actions that dispossess Dalits and Adivasis of their meagre resources or which force them into performing slave labour. The Act sets out to punish anyone who:
- wrongfully occupies or cultivates any land owned by, or allotted to a member of a SC or a ST or gets the land allotted to him transferred.
22. At another level, the Act recognizes that the crimes against Dalit and tribal women are of a specific kind and, therefore, seeks to penalise anyone who:
- assaults or uses force on any woman belonging to a SC or a ST with intent to dishonour her.
23. The 1989 Act is important for another reason-Adivasis activist refer to it to defend their right to occupy land that was traditionally theirs.
24. Constitution guarantees the right of tribal people to repose their land.
25. The government must draw up plans and policies for the tribals to live and work elsewhere in case tribals have been evicted and cannot go back to their lands.
26. Desire for dignity, equality and respect is not new. It has existed in different forms throughout our history. In a democratic society, similar process of struggle, writing, negotiation and organising need to continue.
Confronting Marginalisation Class 8 CBSE Notes Important Terms
Assertive: An assertive group or person is one that can express themselves and their views strongly.
Confront: to come face to face or to challenge someone or something.
Dispossessed: to possess is to own something and to be dispossessed is to have to give up ownership or to give up authority.
Ostracise: This means to exclude or banish an individual or a group.
Policy: A Stated course of action that provides direction for the future, set goals to be achieved or lays out principles or guidelines to be followed and acted upon.