Population Class 9 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 6
Question 1.
Name the states with positive sex ratio.
Answer:
- Kerala,
- Pondicherry.
Question 2.
How can the population be divided?
Answer:
The population can be divided according to the categories of people of various age groups.
Question 3.
Which age group is mainly responsible for the high dependency ratio of India?
Answer:
0-14.
Question 4.
Who can be taken as a literate person?
Answer:
A person who can read and Write with certain understanding and more than seven years old is known as a literate person.
Question 5.
In which year the population policy in India has been implemented?
Answer:
In 1952.
Question 6.
What is the average per capita calory consumption is urban areas?
Answer:
2100 approximately.
Question 7.
What is the per capita calorie consumption in the rural areas?
Answer:
2400.
Question 8.
Which, part of the population suffers from anaemia? ,
Answer:
Adolescent girls.
Question 9.
What is the current birth rate of the our country?
Answer:
42.2 per thousand.
Question 10.
What is the current death rate of our country?
Answer:
87 per thousand.
Question 11.
How many million. plus cities are there in our country?
Answer:
23.
Question 12.
What was percentage of the urban population of our country in 1951?
Answer:
17.29%.
Question 13.
What was the percentage of the urban population of our country in 1991?
Answer:
25.72%.
Question 14.
Has the urban sector of our country grown uniformly?
Answer:
No.
Question 15.
Name the cities which have shown a large share of migration.
Answer:
Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata.
Question 16.
Which cities in India are known as the megacities?
Answer:
Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata.
Question 17.
What was the population of the world in 1830?
Answer:
1000 million.
Question 18.
How much part of the total geographical area of the world is shared by India?
Answer:
About 2.4%.
Question 19.
What is the share of India in total world population?
Answer:
16.7%.
Question 20.
What is the sex ratio in Uttar Pradesh?
Answer:
898.
Question 21.
What do you understand by the productive population?
Or
Differentiate between productive population and dependent population.
Or
What is understood by the dependent population?
Answer:
Productive Population: It is the part of the population engaged in productive activities. The people of this group generally fall in the age group of 15-59 years.
Dependent Population: This is the part of the population which is not engaged in productive work. In other words, this part of the population does not contribute in increasing income. Generally, this is the part of population which falls below the 15 years of age and above the 59 years. India has a high dependency ratio with regard to the age group of 0-14 years.
Question 22.
Why is India’s consumption is higher than production?
Answer:
India has a high dependency ratio. Because of this fact, a large proportion of country’s resources are diverted towards satisfying the consumption need of the dependent population.
Therefore, consumption is higher than production. This situation is adversely affecting the development of the country.
Question 23.
Why the sex ratio in India is unfavourable?
Or
Point out the main reasons responsible for unfavourable sex ratio in India.
Answer:
The sex ratio is meant by the number of females on per 1000 males. In India, except Kerala and Pondicherry, sex ratio is unfavourable, meaningless number of females in comparison to males.
The main responsible reason behind the unfavourable sex ratio are the following:
- A large portion of the Indian population provide less care to the female children as compared to male children.
- Women face greater risks to their lives especially at the time of childbirth.
- Dowry system and female infanticide take many women lives.
- Illiteracy and poverty lead them to die earlier.
Question 24.
What is meant by the child labour? Why is it banned?
Answer:
Child labour is the term which indicates the children who are below 14 years old and employed in factories or business establishments.
The article 390 (f) of the Indian constitution lays down that the State should ensure that the children are given opportunities and facilities to develop in a healthy manner and in the conditions of freedom and dignity hence the children must be protected against exploitation.
Acting on these guidelines of the Directive Principles of our Constitution, the government of India has banned child labour so that children may be protected against exploitation and moral and material abandonment.
Again the child labour has been banned to enable the children to receive proper education so that they may develop into healthy citizens of future.
Question 25.
What do you understand by the dependency ratio? Why dependency ratio in our country is much higher than the countries like Japan?
Or
Point out the reasons behind the high dependency ratio of India.
Answer:
Dependency ratio is the number of the dependent persons per hundred on working persons. The dependency ratio is calculated by dividing dependent population by the active population and multiplying it by 100.
In 1991, the dependency ratio in India was 78% which was much high as compared to the countries like Japan where it was only about 48.8%.
The Reasons Behind High Dependency Ratio of India:
- The number of the population below 14 years is quite high in India.
- The persons above 59 years old form a large part of the population of India.
- Due to lack of work opportunity, a large number of people are unemployed or underemployed. They also increase the number of dependency ratio.
Question 26.
Why rural migration could hot be controlled even after adopting modem techniques in agriculture?
Answer:
It is a fact that inspite of adopting modern agricultural techniques, rural migration could not be stopped.
The main reasons behind this fact are the following:
- Due to small land-holdings and non-availability of finance and marketing facilities, agriculture is unable to hold any charm among the rural people.
- Agriculture is unable to provide the regular good jobs to the overgrowing rural population. Hence the migration towards the cities from the rural areas cannot be stopped.
Question 27.
Why has there been such a sudden abrupt rise in population of India after 1921?
Or
Point out the responsible reasons behind the steep rise in India’s population since 1921.
Answer:
1921 A.D. is an important landmark in the population history of India. Before 1921, the population of India was almost stable. One the other hand, after the year 1921, the rise in population was constant and very high. It is the reason that the year 1921 is called as great divide between two trends of halting population and constantly increasing population.
The main responsible factors behind this situation are the following:
- Steady fall in the death rate.
- New discoveries in the field of medicine.
- Public health services have been extended to more and more people.
- After independence stress was laid on better lying conditions.
- Measures have been successfully taken to check epidemics like plague, smallpox, malaria etc.
Question 28.
What is Census?
Answer:
Census is meant by the count of population of a country. In our India, census takes place every ten years. The last census was held in 2001. The census is in fact an enquiry based on a questionnaire. In this questionnaire, the questions relate the various kinds of information about the members of the household.
These questions are not only related to age and occupations of people, but also to the type of facilities available in the households. On the basis of these studies, the government provides details about births, deaths, migration, literacy, sex ratio etc. The first census, in India, was held in 1872, the first complete census in 1887.
Question 29.
Define sex-ratio.
Answer:
Sex ratio is meant by the number of females per thousand males in the population. Sex ratio in our country has remained favourable to the males. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the sex ratio in India was 972. But is deteriorated over the decades.
During the last decade, there has been light improvement in this ratio, as it increased from 929 in 1991 to 933 in 2001. In this regard, the encouraging factor is Kerala and Pondicherry as these are the only states with sex ratio in favour of females.
Question 30.
Explain birth rate and death rate.
Answer:
Birth rate: It is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year. It is different from actual number of births during that particular year. Death rate: It is the number of deaths pert thousand persons in a year.
Question 31.
Discuss one factor that causes growth of population in India.
Answer:
there are many factors that cause over-growth of population in India:
However, among all of them illiteracy is major factor because of the following reasons :
- Because of the illiteracy, a large part of the population remain unaware of the harms of the over-population.
- Illiteracy keep the persons with lack of knowledge about the family planning measures.
- Women are not aware of their rights and health factors due to illiteracy.
- It keeps the people bound with the customs of years ago which tells them that the children are the gifts from God.
- Because as the illiterates, they give undue importance to have a male child.
This illiteracy is a big factor causing over¬population. Hence, making the people aware and literate the population can be controlled.
Question 32.
How does occupational structure reflect the levels of growth of a country?
Answer:
There are three types of occupational structure in a society:
- Primary,
- Secondary,
- Tertiary.
1. The Primary Activities: These are the activities in which the natural products are produced. Or these activities are purely nature-based. Agriculture, fisheries, mining are the these kind of activities.
2. The Secondary Activities: These are the activities which are dependent on the primary activities. Cotton mills, textile industries, jute mills, are the examples of this kind of activities.
3. The Tertiary Activities: These are the occupations which are service-based. For example, the banking, the railways, the transport,-the teaching, medical, engineering etc, are the tertiary activities. As a country makes progress it moves toward the secondary and tertiary activities. The more developed economy it is, the more is engaged with the tertiary activities.
Question 33.
Explain female literacy and population growth.
Answer:
A person who can read and write with certain understanding and is more than seven years old is taken as a literate person. The present literacy level of India is 65.35%. 54% of the Indian females are literate. It means about half of the female population of our country is literate. It is a good signal for checking the overgrowth of the population.
Question 34.
Point out the reasons behind the rapid overgrowth of the population in the metropolitan cities in India:
Answer:
It is a fact that the population of India is growing very rapidly. In the same time, the population of the metropolitan cities is giving a cause for concern.
Reasons behind this overgrowth :
- Metropolitan cities of India are developing themselves as the world-class cities. Hence, they attract people from all over the country.
- These cities provide more work opportunities. Hence, the victims of unemployment come here to find work.
- Most of the Indian parts are poorly undeveloped. Hence the people come over these cities to find out more developed life opportunities.
- Many of the people migrate to these cities to lead luxurious lifestyles.
- For many people living in a metropolitan city is a symbol of high status.
All of the above factors and many more are responsible for the rapid growth of population in these cities.
Question 35.
What is meant by the birth rate and the growth rate? How would you differentiate between them?
Answer:
Birth rate is meant by the number of live bom children on per thousand persons in a given period. The Growth rate indicates the difference between the birth rate and death, rate at a given period. Growth rate also indicates the rate at which the population in a region grows at a given time.
Growth rate is algo related with the difference between the number of the ‘immigrants’ and emigrants. Though this factor is not very prominent in normal times yet is becomes very prominent due to special circumstances. For example; in 1947 and again in 1971, the growth rate in India jumped due to the refugees.
Question 36.
Give an account of the areas which are known as the sparsely populated areas in India.
Answer:
The areas with sparse populations are the following:
1. The Hilly States of the North-East India: The northeast of India is not conducted by die overgrowth of population. Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, Tripura etc. are the states with very low number of persons. The difficult climatic setup and dense forest areas make these areas remain sparsely populated areas.
2. The Himalayan Region: This region is sparsely populated because of the following facts:
- The whole of the area of this region is mountainous.
- It is’ very difficult to develop the transportation facilities over here.
- Cultivating is also equally difficult in these areas.
- These areas are also covered with thick forests.
- Rivers flowing in these areas are very swift and not suitable for navigation.
3. The Tarai Areas: These are the area lying at the foot of the Himalayas. These are sparsely populated because of the uneven land, dense forests, heavy rainfall and also lack of transport means.
4. Desert Areas: The Thar and the Rann of Kachcha are sparsely populated because of their unhealthy climatic positions.
Objective Type Questions
1. Put (✓) before the correct sentence and (✗) before the incorrect ones.
(i) Migration means movement of people across the regions and territories.
Answer:
(✓)
(ii) The average density of population is India is about 400.
Answer:
(✗)
(iii) The bulk of the peninsular blocks have moderate density of population.
Answer:
(✓)
(iv) The year 1921 is called the year of great divide.
Answer:
(✗)
(v) Madhya Pradesh has a low population density.
Answer:
(✓)
(vi) The world population at present in near about 10 billion.
Answer:
(✗)
(vii) It is projected that India will overtake China in population in 2045.
Answer:
(✗)
(viii) India’s population almost doubled between 1951-1981.
Answer:
(✓)
2. Fill in the following blanks with the most suitable words:
(i) Birth rate is different from actual number of ……………………… .
Answer:
Births
(ii) The present birth rate of our country is ……………………… .
Answer:
26%
(iii) Internal migration does not change the size of ………………………
Answer:
Population
(iv) Sex-ratio is meant by the number of females per ……………………… males.
Answer:
Thousand
(v) There are ……………………… cities in our country with a population of one million.
Answer:
3. Match the following Lists:
| List I | List II |
| (i) Stabilization of Population | 1952 |
| (ii) National Population Policy | 2045 |
| (iii) 2100 calories | Urban areas |
| (iv) 2400 calories | 2000 |
| (v) Adolescents | Rural areas |
| (vi) Anaemia | Girls |
| (vii) Population Policy Implemented. | 10-19 years old. |
Answer:
| List I | List II |
| (i) Stabilization of Population | 2045 |
| (ii) National Population Policy | 2000 |
| (iii) 2100 calories | Urban areas |
| (iv) 2400 calories | Rural areas |
| (v) Adolescents | 10-19 years old |
| (vi) Anaemia | Girls |
| (vii) Population Policy Implemented. | 1952. |
4. Match the following two lists:
| List I (States) | List II (% of literacy) |
| 1. Kerala | 88.49% |
| 2. Mizoram | 87.52% |
| 3. Lakshadweep | 90.92% |
Answer:
| List I (States) | List-II(% of literacy) |
| 1. Kerala | 90.92% |
| 2. Mizoram | 88. 52% |
| 3. Lakshadweep | 87.52% |
5. Choose the correct answer from the four alternatives given below:
(i) The following year is known as the year of the great divide:
(a) 1921
(b) 1981
(c) 1941
(d) 1951
Answer:
(a) 1921
(ii) The following state, is India, is the biggest state of India:
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Rajasthan
(c) Uttar Pradesh
(d) Bihar.
Answer:
(b) Rajasthan
(iii) When is India likely to overtake China in population?
(a) 2025
(b) 2035
(c) 2045
(d) 2055
Answer:
(c) 2045
(iv) The following state in India, has the highest literacy rate:
(a) Bihar
(b) Rajasthan
(c) West Bengal
(d) Kerala.
Answer:
(d) Kerala.
(v) The following is not among India’s five states constituting India’s half population:
(a) Sikkim
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Bihar
(d) Maharashtra.
Answer:
(a) Sikkim.