NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Understanding Laws

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Understanding Laws

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Understanding Laws

Question 1.
Write in your own words what you understand by the term the ‘rule of law’. In your response include a fictitious or real example of a violation of the rule of law.
Answer:
Rule of law means that all laws apply equally to all citizens of the country and no one can be above the law. Neither a government official nor a wealthy person. Even the President of the country is not above the law.. For example,

• While driving the car, if a person crosses the red light, it means he has broken the traffic rule. It is a case of violation, of law.
• Last month a person entered our neighbour’s house in their absence and stole all the gold ornaments and money. That person has committed a crime. It is also a case of violation of the law.

Question 2.
State two reasons why historians refute the claim that the British introduced the rule of law in India.
Answer:
Historians refute the claim that the British introduced the rule of law in India on the following basis :

• The colonial rule was arbitrary.
• The Indian nationalists played a prominent role in the development of the legal sphere in British India.

Question 3.
Re-read the storyboard; on how a new law on domestic violence got passed. Describe in your own words the different ways in which women’s groups worked to make this happen.
Answer:
Domestic violence against women was very common in India in the early 1990s. Throughout the 1990s, the need for a new law was raised in different forums like Public meetings and women’s organizations. In 1999, Lawyers Collective, a group of lawyers, law students and activists, after nation-wide consultations took the lead in drafting the Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Bill. This draft bill was widely circulated. Meetings were held all over the country supporting the introduction of this Act.

The Bill was first introduced in Parliament in 2002, but it was not to the satisfaction of all. Several women’s organizations, like the National Commission for Women, made submissions to the Parliamentary Standing Committee requesting changes in the Bill. In December 2002, after reviewing the request made by the National Commission for Women, the Parliamentary Standing Committee submitted its recommendations to the Rajya Sabha and these were also tabled in the Lok Sabha. The Committee’s report accepted most of the demands of the women’s groups.

Finally, a new Bill was reintroduced in Parliament in 2005. After being passed in both houses of Parliament, it was sent to the President for his assent. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act came into effect in 2006.

Question 4.
Write in your own words what you understand by the following sentence.
‘They also began fighting for greater equality and wanted to change the idea of law from a set of rules that they were forced to obey, to the law as including ideas of justice.’
Answer:
The Britishers ruled India for a long period of time. Their law was arbitrary. They used to introduce any law at any time which they deemed correct. But the fact was that the laws were applied to harass or humiliate Indians.

For example, Rowlatt Act was passed which allowed the British government to imprison people without due trial. Britishers discriminated against Indians on the basis of their colour and race. Different laws were made for Whites (Britishers) and Blacks (Indians).

Indian nationalists began protesting and criticizing the arbitrary use of authority by the British. They asked for a greater share of Indians in the government. They fought for their identity and self-respect. They asked the British government to make some rules for both the Britishers and the Indians. Nationalists defy to obey their set of rules and openly broke several laws made by the Britishers. Masses came on roads to follow their leaders and asked the Britishers to do justice with them by making proper and rational laws.

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