Category: English Grammar

This grammar section explains English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used.

Prefix and Suffix for Class 4 CBSE Format, Topics, Examples, Samples PDF

A prefix is a letter or a group of letters that appears at the beginning of a word and changes the word’s original meaning.
An easy example would be the word ‘prefix’ itself! It begins with the prefix pre-( which means ‘before’.

Some prefix words are as follows.

Prefix	Meaning	Example
Dis-	Not	Dislike
Im-	Not	Impossible
In-	Not	Inactive
Mis	Incorrectly	Mis-understood
Pre	Before	Prepay
Re	Again	Redo
Un	Not	Untied

Prefix and Suffix Exercises with Answers for Grade 4 CBSE PDF

A. Add a prefix to each word in brackets to complete the sentences.

1. Rita was ___________ to visit her friend because she had a lot of homework to do. (able)
2. Thomas’ teacher told him to ___________ his essay, (write)
3. He had spelled dozens of words ___________. (correctly)
4. Mrs. Saluja was ___________ with the low Social Studies test scores, (happy)
5. Christian ___________ his jacket when he came inside the house. (buttoned)
6. Please help you mother ___________ the groceries from the car. (load)

B. Write a single word with dis- or un- as a prefix to complete each sentence.

1. My shoe is ___________. (not tied)
2. Sumit ___________ with Amit. (does not agree)
3. Anne is ___________ to beat me in the video game, (not able)
4. Mohit ___________ his parents, (does not obey)
5. Mrs. Mathur said that she did not want ___________ works to be handed in. (not finished)

C. Write single words with prefix having the same meaning as the words given below.
Example:
to pay back – repay

1. not polite – ___________
2. charge again – ___________
3. not safe – ___________
4. spell wrong – ___________
5. behave badly – ___________
6. tie again – ___________

D. Highlight the prefix in each word. Then write a definition for each word.
Example:
refill – to fill again

1. unusual – ______________________
2. misunderstand – ______________________
3. reheat – ______________________
4. preview – ______________________

Suffix Exercises for Grade 4

A suffix is a letter or a group of letters that is added at the end of a word.

Depending on whether it is a noun, verb, adjective or adverb, a different suffix would be required. For example, the verb ‘read’ can be altered to become the noun ‘reader’ by adding the suffix- ‘er’. The same verb can also be turned into the adjective ‘readable’ by adding the suffix- ‘able’.

(As an adjective) The suffix -ful means full of. Rohan takes his time and paints with care. Rohan is a careful painter.	(As an adjective) The suffix -less means without. Jimmy paints in a hurry. Jimmy is a careless painter.
The suffixes -er, -or, and -ist mean “the person who.” sail + or = sailor A sailor is a person who sails boats. bake + er = baker A baker is a person who bakes. bicycle + ist = bicyclist A bicyclist is a person who rides a bicycle.
The suffixes -tion, -sion and -ment are usually used to change verbs into nouns. Examples: Verb – Suffix – Noun to cancel – tion – cancellation to expand – sion – expansion to advertise – ment – advertisement

Prefixes and Suffixes Exercises with Answers Pdf Grade 4 CBSE PDF

A. Write a single word with -ful or -less to complete each sentence.

1. I am ___________ to have such a loving parents, (full of thanks)
2. Sahilsawa ___________ cat wandering around town, (without a home)
3. Reena, you look ___________ in that dress, (full of beauty)
4. The squirrels in the backyard are ___________. (without harm)
5. Did you see the ___________ rainbow in the sky? (full of colour)

B. Unscramble the letters in brackets to make a word with a suffix. Write the word on the line next to each sentence. Be sure each word is spelled correctly.
1. Sandy likes to draw and paint pictures. He is an ___________ (i t r a t s)
2. Sara travels around the world. She is a ___________ ( a e r v r t e I)
3. Gagan won the contest. He is the ___________ ( n e w r n i)
4. Sunny Deol is a movie star. He is an ___________ ( c o a r t)
5. Anjali enjoys reading novels. She is an avid ___________ ( e a r r d e )
6. Reena just got a license to operate a car. She is a safe ___________ (r v e d r i)
7. Dr. Paul studies science. He is a ___________ ( c n e s s i i 11)
8. Ms. Pooja arranges flowers for a living. She is a ___________ (r i t f s I o )
9. Rehaan plays the piano. He is a ___________ (i i p n a t s )

C. Add the correct suffix (-tion,-sion,-ment) to each verb to make a noun.

Educate ___________ Subtract ___________ Persuade ___________
Protect ___________ Decide ___________ Suggest ___________
Ship ___________ Pay ___________ Amuse ___________

This grammar section explains English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used.

Transitive and Intransitive Verbs Exercises for Class 5 CBSE with Answers PDF

Fundamentals
Verbs can be classified as transitive or intransitive. Transitive verbs have or need an object to make complete sense. Examples: She broke the window. (Here, the verb ‘broke’ needs the object ‘window’ to make complete sense.) She is going to the market. They will be arriving tomorrow.

Intransitive verbs do not need an object to make complete sense.
Examples:
She reads.
(Here, the verb ‘reads’ does not require any object to make complete sense.)
Grandmother was sleeping.
We will work.

Presentation
Read the picture story.

A. Answer the following questions as per the story.

1. Who is a bookworm in the story? ___________
2. What does Ditya like to do? ___________
3. What does she learn at the end of the story? ___________

B. Write whether the verbs in the following sentences are Transitive or Intransitive verbs.

1. Ditya is a bookworm. ___________
2. Ditya likes dance. ___________
3. Ditya is learning from books. ___________
4. Ditya works and plays together now. ___________

Transitive and Intransitive Verbs Worksheets for Grade 5 with Answers CBSE PDF

A. Write whether each sentence contains a Transitive or Intransitive verb.
Example:

• I sing. → Intransitive

1. We laughed. → __________
2. He opened the door. → __________
3. She crossed the street. → __________
4. We drove to India Gate. → __________
5. They talked. → __________
6. He rang the doorbell. → __________
7. I called my mother. → __________
8. You learned Spanish. → __________
9. She made spaghetti. → __________
10. You slept for three hours. → __________

B. Read the following sentences and underline the transitive verb and circle their objects. The first one has been done for you.

1. The driver stopped the car. The driver stopped the car
2. You must speak the truth. __________
3. The boy is flying a kite. __________
4. The woodcutter felled a huge tree. __________
5. The explosion sank the ship. __________

C. Underline the verbs in the following sentences. Say whether they are transitive (T) or intransitive (I). In case of transitive verbs, circle their objects.

1. The Ganga flows into the Bay of Bengal. __________
2. The sun rose. __________
3. Your hands are dirty. __________
4. She is reading her mail. __________
5. He has set his hair with gel. __________
6. Both my parents are chartered accountants. __________
7. This child is happy. __________
8. I slept. __________
9. He laughed loudly. __________
10. I coughed. __________
11. The cat will lick up all the milk. __________
12. The glass fell __________
13. My cat ran. __________
14. I am sure about the answer. __________
15. We worked the entire day. __________

D. Fill in the blanks with appropriate objects of the verbs, in the following sentences.

1. My brother has polished his __________
2. I bought a __________ for my sister.
3. The boy threw a __________ at the window.
4. Frustrated with the official’s call, Alok kicked the __________
5. The student guessed the __________ correctly.
6. My brother is good at both __________
7. He looked at the __________ on the first day of the term.
8. Books are lying __________
9. We staged a __________ on Parents’ Day.
10. His mother helped him __________

This grammar section explains English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used.

Composition Based on Visual Input for Class 5 CBSE Format, Examples, Topics, Exercises Pdf

The visual stimulus could be in the form of pictures, diagrams, graphs, cartoons, or flowchart. We have to prepare notes through visual presentations.

Picture Composition for Class 5 with Answers CBSE Pdf

Sample :
The pictures given below show some good habits every child must learn. Write a short paragraph on good habits with the help of visual stimulus given below.

Good Habits It is said that early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. Going early to bed and waking up early is a good habit. A habit means repetition of the same action. There are other habits like brushing our teeth, taking a bath, wearing clean clothes, combing our hair etc., which helps us to look neat and healthy. A walk in the morning is a good habit for everyone. Man is a social animal and he cannot live in isolation. Respecting elders, wishing ‘Good morning’, ‘Good evening’ and ‘Good night’ are good habits. Serving the cause of poor and needy, and respecting the social laws like observing queue are good habits. Education is based on the principle of habit formation. Repetition makes learning easy. Learning a language i.e. speaking, reading and writing is based on habit. Similarly education helps in the development of good habits like punctuality, attention, concentration, cooperation, discipline etc. Good habits lead to good manners. Good manners give us good friends; good friends means good environment; good environment leads to a happy and peaceful life.

Picture Composition Practice Example for Class 5 CBSE Pdf

Look at the poster of Traffic rules. Imagine you are Juhi. While returning from school you saw a road accident. You are very upset. Write a paragraph giving reasons why road accidents occur and how they can be avoided. Take help from the points
given.

Causes: Breaking traffic rules, fast driving, animals on roads, Cyclists moving on the wrong lane.
Safety Rules: Traffic light signals should be followed, speed limit maintained, no music/mobile phones when driving.

How to cross the road

• Hold your mother’s dad’s hand.
  
• Find a safe place to cross.
  
• Stop at the road sign.
  
• Think carefully.
  
• Look left.
  
• Look right and all around you.
  
• Listen to the horns of the cars.
  
• Cross safety and remember these rules.
  

Accidents are Tragic

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

This grammar section explains English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used.

Picture Story Writing for Class 4 CBSE Format, Topics, Examples, Samples PDF

It is a form of writing in which we make stories using the given pictures.

Picture Story Writing for Class 4 with Answers PDF

Sample: Write a short story about what you think is happening in the given picture.

The Festival of Lights

Reshma, Zahid and Irfan were happy. It was festival of Diwali and one of their friends had secretly bought a lot of fireworks He gave them some fireworks. Both Zahid and Irfan jumped with excitement when they lit the fire-crackers. The coloured sparks went high up in the air. Little Reshma was quite happy playing with a sparkler nearby.

She did not notice Irfan who was standing close to her. Suddenly, the sparks from her sparkler got into his hair and it caught fire. How frightened they were! Irfan screamed loudly and shouted for help. Their father, who was in the house, came out and managed to put out the fire.

Irfan was hurt and had to see a doctor. The children learned a lesson from what happened that night. They learned that it is not safe to play with fire in the absence of adults.

Picture Story Writing for Class 4 Worksheets CBSE PDF

Write a short story about what you think is happening in the given pictures.

Title: ______________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Diary writing is the writing down of events, transactions and observations in a highly personalized manner. It is wrapped around creative thoughts and is basically the outpouring of what one feels or has experienced with regard to a particular stimulus. A diary can be written on a daily basis or at intervals, depending on the inclination of the writer.

This grammar section explains English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used.

Diary Entry for Class 4 CBSE Format, Topics, Examples, Samples PDF

Fundamentals

• A diary entry is a way to connect with our own experiences.
• It is a personal piece of writing which reflects a person’s thoughts about a person, an incident or a place.
• A diary should be written in a chronological order, starting with the events that happened earlier in the day and ending with the events that took place later in the evening.
• A basic diary entry is always written in first-person narrative.
• The style of a diary entry should be informal and relaxed.

Diary Entry Exercises for Class 4 with Answers CBSE PDF

Sample: Imagine that you are Mehul/Meena. You reside in Jammu and Kashmir. It was the first snowfall after the onset of winter. Write a diary entry in 50 words.

25th Nov, Friday 9.00 pm Dear Diary, Today I feel like celebrating as I saw the first snowfall of the season. The snow has covered the trees, rooftops, and vehicles. It has been snowing since morning. Looking through the window, the snow appears extraordinarily beautiful. It is biting cold, but my family and I are enjoying it. Mother has just served hot tomato soup. I am loving it! Meena

Diary Entry Practice Questions for Class 4

1. You were off to school this morning. On the way you saw an ailing puppy beside the road. You helped it in your own way. Write a diary entry expressing your own feelings.

Date: _____________ Time: _____________ Dear Diary, _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

2. You were asking for a bicycle from your father since long. Without your knowledge he bought you a new bicycle. You loved the surprise. Write a diary entry expressing your feelings.

Date: _____________ Time: _____________ Dear Diary, _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

Essays are common in elementary, middle, high school and college, and one may even need to write essays in the business world. An essay is defined as “a short piece of writing that expresses information as well as the writer’s opinion.” An essay is, generally, a piece of writing that gives the author’s own argument — but the definition is vague, overlapping with those of a paper, an article, a pamphlet, and a short story. Essays have traditionally been sub-classified as formal and informal.

This grammar section explains English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used.

Paragraph Writing Topics for Class 4 CBSE Format, Samples, Examples

Fundamentals

• A paragraph consists of several sentences that are grouped together.
• This group of sentences together discusses one subject.

Paragraph Writing Exercises With Answers for Class 4 CBSE PDF

Do follow five steps to write a paragraph.

• Step 1: Introduce the topic.
• Step 2: Develop topic sentence 1
• Step 3: Develop topic sentence 2
• Step 4: Develop topic sentence 3
• Step 5: Conclude the topic.

Sample: Write three-four paragraphs on the topic ‘Picnic Fun’. The picture will help you to write this prompt.

Draft Main Idea Map

Para 1- Introduction

I think picnics are fun. Everyone likes to spend their time outdoors. I have been to many picnics with my family and friends.

Para 2- Topic Sentence -1
Topic → Location and about Place

Develop → Our last school picnic was the best I have ever been to. We went to Sundrjal. My friends and I had packed a lot of tasty snacks for our trip.

Para 3- Topic Sentence – 2
Topic → Fun at picnic place

Develop → We arrived at Sundrijal after a long journey. We spent the next few hours climbing up steep slopes and jumping from boulder to boulder. We took off our shoes and socks and played in the water but made sure not to get our clothes wet. The water was ice-cold and we could not stop shivering. But that did not stop us from splashing around in the water.

Para 4- Topic Sentence – 3
Topic Departure Time

Develop →We took a break from our playing at around 12: 30 p.m. and sat down to eat all the tasty food that our mothers had packed for us. The momos and potato pickles were the tastiest. Some of us had soft drinks with us and we shared them with our friends. We all had a good feast.

Para 5- Conclusion

After eating, our teachers made sure that we picked up all the empty packets. We put them into a big bag and threw it into a big garbage bin nearby. We played around some more and soon it was time to leave.

Picnic Fun

I think picnics are fun. Everyone likes to spend their time outdoors. I have been to many picnics with my family and friends.

Our last school picnic was the best picnic I have ever been to. We went to Sundrijal. My friends and I had packed a lot of tasty snacks for our trip.

The bus left our school at 8 a.m. How excited we were! We sang songs and made quite a noise in the bus. Our teachers could not keep us quiet.

At last our long journey was over and we got off the bus. We spent the next few hours climbing up steep slopes and jumping from boulder to boulder. We took off our shoes and socks and played in the water but made sure not to get our clothes wet. The water was ice-cold and we could not stop shivering. But that did not stop us from splashing around in the water.

We took a break from our playing at around 12: 30 p.m. and sat down to eat the tasty food our mothers had packed for us. The momos and potatos pickles were the tastiest. Some of us had soft drinks with us and we shared them with our friends. We all had a good feast.

After eating, our teachers made sure that we picked up all the empty packets. We put them into a big bag and threw it into a big garbage bin nearby. We played around some more and soon it was time to leave.

Paragraph Writing Practice Questions for Class 4 CBSE PDF

Practice 1: Write a short paragraph on the topic ‘Visit to a Hill Station’.
Practice 2: Write a paragraph about how you spent an interesting weekend with your friends.

The factual text deals with facts and everyday situations. It involves information in a straightforward, direct manner about a particular subject. Factual passages may give instructions or description or report of an event or a new finding.

This grammar section explains English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used. Read all classes unseen passage with questions and answers in English

Unseen Passage for Class 9 Factual CBSE With Questions And Answers PDF

Such a passage does not call for an imaginative, personal, or creative response.

Reading Comprehension for Grade 9 With Questions And Answers PDF (Solved)

1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1 The most beautiful humming birds are found in the West Indies and South America. The crest of the tiny head of one of these shines like a sparkling crown of coloured light. The shades of colour that adorn its breast are equally brilliant. As the bird flits from one object to another, it looks more like a bright flash of sunlight than it does like a living being.

2 But, you ask, why are they called humming birds? It is because they make a soft, humming noise by the rapid motion of their wings—a motion so rapid, that as they fly, you can hardly see that they have wings. One day when walking in the woods, I found the nest of one of the smallest humming birds. It was about half the size of a very small hen and lays egg, and it was attached to a twig no thicker than a steel knitting needle. It seemed to have been made of cotton fibres and was covered with the softest bits of leaf and bark. It had two eggs in it, and each was about as large as a small sugarplum.

3 When you approach the spot where one of these birds has built its nest, it is necessary to be careful. The mother bird will dart at you and try to peck your eyes. Its sharp beak may hurt your eyes most severely and even destroy your sight.

4 The poor little thing knows no other way of defending its young, and instinct teaches it that you might carry off its nest if you find it.

(a) The most beautiful ………………………………… birds are found in the West Indies and South America.
Answer:
humming

(b) They are called humming birds because they make humming noise by the rapid ………………………………… of their wings.
Answer:
motion

(c) The nest of the humming bird was about ………………………………… the size of a very small hen.
Answer:
half

(d) The shades of colour that adorn the breast of the humming bird is quite brilliant. (TVue/False)
Answer:
True

(e) The nest of the humming bird is made of silk fibres and covered with bits of hay and bark. (TVue/False)
Answer:
False

(f) Pick from the passage the synonym for ‘dash’ (para 3)
Answer:
‘dart’

(g) You can hardly see that the humming birds have wings because of the:
(i) rapid motion of their wings as they fly.
(ii) humming noise as they fly.
(iii) shining colour of their wings.
(iv) invisible wings due to a bright flash of sunlight.
Answer:
(i) rapid motion of their wings as they fly.

h. The mother bird will dart at you and try to peck your eyes when you:
(i) throw stones at her nest.
(ii) approach the spot where the nest is built.
(iii) try to steal her eggs from the nest.
(iv) threaten the bird near her nest.
Answer:
(ii) approach the spot where the nest is built.

2. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Harry and Annie lived a mile from town, but they went there to school every day. It was a pleasant walk down the lane and through the meadow by the pond. I hardly know whether they liked it better in summer or in winter.

2. They used to pretend that they were travellers exploring a new country and would scatter leaves on the road so that they might find their way back again. When the ice was thick and firm, they walked across the pond. But their mother did not like to have them do this unless someone was with them. Don’t go across the pond today, children, she said as she kissed them and bade them goodbye.

3. One morning it is beginning to thaw. “All right, mother,” said Harry, not very good-naturedly because he was very fond of running and sliding on the ice. When they came to the pond, the ice looked hard and safe. “There”, said he to his sister. “I knew it hadn’t thawed any”. Mother is always afraid we will drown.

4. Come along, we will have a good time sliding. The school bell will not ring for an hour at least. But you promised mother, said Annie. No, I didn’t I only said; All right and it is all right. I didn’t say anything, so I can do as I like said Annie.

5. So they stepped on the ice, and started to go across the pond. They had not gone far before the ice gave way, and they fell into the water. A man who was at work near the shore heard the screams of the children and plunged into the water to save them.

6. Harry managed to get to the shore without any help, but poor Annie was nearly drowned before the man could reach her. Harry went home almost frozen and told his mother how disobedient he had been. He remembered the lesson learned that day as long as he lived

(a) Harry and Annie used to pretend that they were travellers exploring a new country because they felt that their pleasant journey:
(i) down the lane and through the meadow by the pond, will lead them to their dreamland.
(ii) to their school through the meadow by the pond, is the source of their untold happiness.
(iii) is more important to them than going to school every day.
(iv) explores a new way to go to a new school.
Answer:
(i) down the lane and through the meadow by the pond, will lead them to their dreamland.

(b) “Don’t go across the pond today, children,” she said as she kissed them, is a warning to Harry and Annie for getting them:
(i) careful to cross the icy pond.
(ii) alert if they go for sliding on the ice in the pond.
(iii) cautious lest they be drowned in the pond.
(iv) frightened to cross the pond unless somebody was with them.
Answer:
(ii) alert if they go for sliding on the ice in the pond.

(c) When the ice was thick and ………………………………… they walked across the pond.
Answer:
firm

(d) Mother is always afraid we will ……………………………….. .
Answer:
drown

(e) Harry went home almost frozen and told his mother how ………………………………… he had been.
Answer:
disobedient

(f) Harry and Annie went to school, walking down the lane and through the meadow by the pond. (Ihie/False)
Answer:
True

(g) Mother of Harry and Annie liked them to practise sliding on the ice in the pond. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(h) Annie was nearly drowned in the icy pond. (True/False)
Answer:
True

3. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1 Many a time people feel fatigue because of poorly designed workspaces. Your desk, your chair, your computer and keyboard the placement, height, and angle of each of them – play a crucial role in preventing muscle and eye strain. That is what has given rise to an interest in the study of ergonomics. It is the applied science of equipment design at the workplace. Ergonomics is intended to reduce fatigue and discomfort for people sitting and working in offices.

2 So why does it make sense for organizations to follow ergonomic principles? In a recent study, it has been found that over 60% of individuals diagnosed with Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) had received no training in strain injury at their offices and another 30% had received incorrect ergonomic advice.

3 Another interesting find has been that employees who turn up to work in spite of being in pain can cause massive productivity losses amounting to thousands of dollars annually. Research findings have shown that most offices in India are operating with furniture that is a mismatch to the highly networked work culture that exists and there is hardly any awareness among employees about ergonomics and how it impacts them. This has resulted in an alarming 71% of employees suffering from rapidly spreading Musculo Skeletal Disorders (MSD). The symptoms are back pain, shoulder pain of varying intensity, leading to lowering of productivity of employees at work.

4 To counter this problem, some companies have created volunteers who are part of a ‘train and trainers’ initiative. They act as custodians of their bays and monitor their colleagues’ postures and advise them on a day-to-day basis.

5 Talking about the part that employees can do to make their workplaces comfortable, some experts say that from an employee’s perspective having knowledge of what is a safe working position, and what are the right ways of relieving fatigue, how the current set-up can be optimized, what simple solutions can be incorporated, can go a long way in creating a stress-free environment with healthy employees.

(a) The study of ergonomics is essential in workplaces because it:
(i) plays a crucial role in preventing muscle and eye strain.
(ii) is intended to increase fatigue.
(iii) causes massive productivity gains.
(iv) cannot create a stress-free environment.
Answer:
(i) plays a crucial role in preventing muscle and eye strain.

(b) To create a stress-free environment with healthy employees, organisations:
(i) need to follow ergonomic principles.
(ii) must train the employees the science of ergonomics.
(iii) should engage specialist to detect the MSD (Musculo Skeletal Disorders).
(iv) are intended to look into the poorly designed workspaces.
Answer:
(i) need to follow ergonomic principles.

(c) Ergonomics is the applied science of ………………………………… design at the workplace.
Answer:
equipment

(d) The symptoms of MSD (Musculo Skeletal Disorders) are back ………………………………… pain.
Answer:
shoulder

(e) To counter the problem of ergonomics, some organisations have created ………………………………… who are part of a ‘train and trainers’ initiative.
Answer:
volunteers

(f) Your desk, your chair, your computer and keyboard are the indispensable components of ergonomics. (The/False)
Answer:
True

(g) Individuals diagnosed with RSI (Repetitive Strain Injury) and MSD (Musculo Skeletal Disorders) have a congenial, stress-free environment in the organisation. (Thie/False)
Answer:
False

(h) The right ways of relieving fatigue and discomfort for people sitting and working in offices is to design workspaces ergonomically. (Thw/False)
Answer:
True

4. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1 The Amazon is the world’s largest tropical rainforest. It covers an area of nearly 2.8 million square miles, which is nearly the size of the continent of Australia. The Amazon rainforest gets its life from the majestic Amazon river, the world’s second largest river, which runs directly through the heart of the region. The rainforest itself is simply the drainage basin for the river and its many tributaries. The vast forest itself consists of four layers, each featuring its own ecosystems and specially adapted plants and animals.

2 The forest floor is the lowest region. Since only two per cent of the sunlight filters through the top layers to the understory, very few plants grown here. The forest floor, however, is rich with rotting vegetation and the bodies of dead organisms, which are quickly broken down into nutrients and decomposers such as millipedes and earth worms use nutrients for food.

3 The understory is the layer above the forest floor. Much like the forest floor, only about 2-5 per cent of the sunlight reaches this shadowy realm. Many of the plants in the understory have large, broad leaves to collect as much sunlight as possible. The understory is so thick that there is very little air movement. As a result, plants rely on insects and animals to pollinate their flowers.

4. The layer above the understory is the canopy. This is where much of the action in the rainforest occurs. Many canopy leaves have specially adapted leaves which form “drip tips”. Drip trips allow water to flow off the leaves which prevents mosses, fungi, and lichens from occupying the leaves. Leaves in the canopy are very dense and filter about 80 per cent of the sunlight. The canopy is where the wealth of the rainforest’s fruits and flowers grow. Bromeliads, cut-like plants, provide drinking pools for animals and breeding locations for tree frogs.

(a) The Amazon rainforest gets its life from the majestic ………………………………… river, the world’s second largest river.
Answer:
Amazon

(b) The vast rainforest consists of ………………………………… layers, each featuring its own ecosystem.
Answer:
Four

(c) Bromeliads are cut-like plants that provide drinking ………………………………… for animals.
Answer:
pool

(d) The Amazon is the world’s largest tropical rainforest. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(e) Plants never rely on insects and animals to pollinate their flowers. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(f) The forest floor is rich with rotting vegetation and the bodies of dead organism.
Answer:
True

(g) Very few plants grow on the top layers of the forests floor because:
(i) only two per cent of the sunlight filters through it.
(ii) hardly any light falls on it.
(iii) enough sunlight passes through it.
(iv) no sunlight filters through it. ‘
Answer:
(i) only two per cent of the sunlight filters through it.

(h) Drip-tips adapted by canopy leaves, are very useful as they:
(g) filter about 80 per cent of the sunlight.
(ii) allow water to flow off the leaves that prevent mosses, fungi and lichens.
(iii) help to grow the rainforest’s fruits and flowers.
(iv) can collect as much sunlight as possible.
Answer:
(ii) allow water to flow off the leaves that prevent mosses, fungi and lichens.

5. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. On 3 August 1996, Leander Paes became the first Indian to win an individual medal in 44 years when he defeated Fernando Meligeni of Brazil in an exciting match in the Centennial Olympic Games at Atlanta. Paes ranked 31 places below the Brazilian, played with gusto and determination against a player who has two ATP tour titles under his belt, and clinched the bronze medal. He was given a standing ovation when Paes raised his hand in triumph and said a silent prayer.

2 Leander’s father had won a bronze medal in the Munich Olympics 1972 as a member of the Indian hockey team. It is creditable to Leander Paes as he got it in an individual event.

3. Later he dedicated the medal to his coach and his doubles teammate. “They have helped me out and given me advice and kept me in good frame of mind. This medal doesn’t just show my efforts; it shows the efforts of the whole team.”

4. Paes was recognised as a prodigy by Vijay Amritraj in the ’80s. Even so, Paes’ true mentor has been Naresh Kumar, the former Indian Davis Cup Captain. His incredible Davis Cup record speaks for itself. While it may be said that some of his Davis Cup victories were achieved because he was playing on his favourite surface, grass and enjoyed home support. But at Atlanta, Paes had none of these advantages except his coach, close family members and the, expatriates.

5. While Davis Cup victories bring in good cash rewards and ATP (Association of Tennis Professionals) points, there he was playing for just a medal. Paes explains it all when he says, “When I am playing for my country I don’t expect anything.” That straightaway sets him apart. He succeeds because of his willingness to take his chances, swift reflexes and mental strength, and the fact that he does not accept defeat easily.

(a) Leander’s victory at Atlanta is significant because ………………………………… .
Answer:
He played against the player who has two ATP tour titles under his belt.

(b) His father’s Olympic triumph in 1972 was different from his own because it was
Answer:
a team game and he won individually.

(c) Leander gave credit to his coach and his teammate in doubles for his victory. How did they help him?
Answer:
They helped him by advising him and keeping in good frame of mind.

(d) If you are required to sum up Leander’s qualities as a player, which one would you like to highlight and why?
Answer:
His dedication towards his country. He doesn’t want any money or prize; he just wants to bring laurel to his country by performing well through the support of his loved ones.

(e) In India, while registering his victories in Davis Cup one could say that he won because ……………………………….. .
Answer:
he was playing on his favourite surface, grass and enjoyed home support.

(f) At Atlanta, he won because ……………………………….. .
Answer:
he was playing just for a medal.

6. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Crop plants and animals created for human consumption using latest molecular biology techniques can generally be termed GM foods or GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms). It has been possible to infuse the desired genetic traits such as disease and/or pest resistance and cold/draught tolerance into important crops to get better yield and nutritional content.

2. Similarly, GM technology is employed on farm animals to improve milk yield and meat quality. Traditionally, the enhancement of desired traits has been undertaken through breeding of plants and animals. The newer methods serve to relace or complement the traditional breeding processes that are not so precise besides being time-consuming.

3 The potential benefit arising from the use of GM technology in agriculture is increased food production, ensuring food security for the abounding millions. GM foods promise to meet the challenge of evolving cereal varieties with pest/disease resistance and those having tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress.

4. Crop losses due to pests can be staggering, leading to enormous loss and even starvation, particularly in developing countries. Chemical pesticides and herbicides, used in huge quantities, have health hazards like pesticide contamination and poisoning of water resources. Growing GM foods such as B.t. (Bacillus turengenesis) corn can eliminate the application of chemical pesticides and reduce the cost of cultivation. GM plants can also withstand resistance to diseases caused by viruses, fungi and bacteria. New developments are seen on transgenic fruits and vegetables having extended storage life, delayed and uniform ripening time, etc. The transgenic varieties of tomato are more robust, possess more solid and 2 to 5 times more lycopene content.

5. To date, no human health problems associated specifically with the ingestion of transgenic crops or their products have been reported. However, concerns have been raised on the potential for allergic reactions of food products consumed, the possible introduction or increase in the levels of toxic compounds and the anti-biotic resistance as markers used in the transformation process.

(a) GM (Genetically Modified) technology is employed on farm animals to ………………………………… milk yield and meat quality.
Answer:
improve

(b) The potential benefit that arises from the use of GM technology in ………………………………… is increased food production.
Answer:
agriculture

(c) Chemical pesticides and herbicides, if used in huge quantities, have ………………………………… hazards.
Answer:
health

(d) Crop losses due to pests can be staggering, leading to enormous loss and even starvation. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(e) Latest molecular technology such as GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms) does not help to get better yields of crops. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(f) GM plants cannot withstand resistance to diseases caused by viruses, fungi and bacteria. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(g) On farm animals, GM technology is employed because it can:
(i) improve milk yield and meat quality.
(ii) defend diseases of the animals.
(iii) help to breed farm animals of better quality.
(iv) decrease the mortality rate of farm animals.
Answer:
(i) improve milk yield and meat quality.

(h) The newer methods of GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms) is beneficial to farm animals as they:
(i) boost up the growth of farm animals.
(ii) serve to replace or complement the traditional breeding processes.
(iii) are good to create healthy environment for farm animals.
(iv) save the animals from the epidemic.
Answer:
(ii) serve to replace or complement the traditional breeding processes.

7. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

The Future Cars

1. The story ‘The Fun They Had takes us to the world of the future where children study in a virtual classroom. The learning is through computer software or the Internet, or by a robotic teacher. Many exciting new technologies would continue to transform the world and improve human welfare. Here are two of them. When these become reality, the then generation may ask with surprise, “People were driving the cars!”

Self-driving Cars

2. Self-driving cars exist today that are safer than human-driven cars in most driving conditions. Over the next 3 – 5 years they will get even safer and be in the mainstream.

3. Just as cars reshaped the world in the 20th century, so will self-driving cars in the 21st century. In most cities, about 20 – 30% of usable space is taken up by parking spaces, and most cars are parked about 95% of the time. Self-driving cars will be in almost continuous use (most likely hailed from a smartphone app), thereby, dramatically reducing the need for parking. Cars, will communicate with each other to avoid accidents and traffic jams, and riders will be able to spend commuting time on other activities like work, education and socialising.

Drones and Flying Cars

4. “Roads? Where we’re going we don’t need… roads?” Dr Emmet Brown.
GPS (Global Positioning System) which started out as a military technology is now being used to hail taxis, get mapping directions, etc. Likewise, drones had started out as a military technology, but are increasingly being used for a wide range of consumer and commercial applications.

5. For example, drones are being used to inspect critical infrastructure like bridges and power lines, to survey areas struck by natural disasters, and many other creative uses like fighting animal poaching. There are startups that use drones to deliver medical supplies to remote villages that can’t be accessed by road.

6. There is also a new wave of startups working on flying cars including two funded by the cofounder of Google, Larry Page. Flying cars use the same advanced technology used in drones but are large enough to carry people. Due to advances in materials, batteries and software, flying cars will be significantly more affordable and convenient than today’s planes and helicopters.

(Adapted from ’11 reasons to be excited about the future of technology, by Chris Dixon, 19 Aug. 2016, Business Insider India)

(a) How will the self-driving cars or driverless cars be safe?
Answer:
Self driving cars will be in continuous use and using their smart phone app, communicate with each other to avoid accidents and traffic jams, thus will be safer than human-driven cars.

(b) What do you understand by ‘cars will communicate with each other’?
Answer:
‘Self-driven cars will have smart phone apps that will make sending messages easier to each other, i.e. communicating with each other.

(c) What are the advantages of self-driving cars?
Answer:
Self-driving cars will reduce the need for parking due to being in use continuously. They will help riders to save time for other activities like work, education and socializing.

(d) What is the use of GPS?
Answer:
GPS or Global Positioning System started as a military technology to keep track of the vehicles used in war or to track the enemy’s movement. It is now used to trace the location of almost anything that is important to us.

(e) What is a drone? What are its advantages?
Answer:
Drone is a military technology developed to send things in far off places in case of a calamity, etc. These are used to inspect critical infrastructure like bridges and power lines, and to spy illegal activities like animal poaching, etc.

(f) Which technology will be used in flying cars?
Answer:
Flying cars will use the same technology as the drones but these will be larger than drones.

(g) How will the flying cars be more convenient than planes and helicopters?
Answer:
Flying cars are larger and can carry more persons or supplies than a helicopter or plane. These will be more affordable and convenient due to advances in material, batteries and software.

8. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Mount Abu’s chief claims to fame are the Jain temple architecture at Dilwara, about 5 km from Nakki lake. Dilwara Temples are one of the finest Jain temples and many even consider them architecturally superior to the Taj Mahal. Built between 11th and 13th century, the most outstanding feature is its exquisite carvings in marble. The two temples, Vimala Vasahi and Luna Vasahi, are singled out by experts as superb examples of architecture.

2. The architecture is marked by carvings that are not just aesthetically beautiful in form but are often presented in a highly poetic context. For instance, one of the marble nayikas (maidens) is depicted as having just emerged from her bath. Droplets falling from her long hair are shown being drunk by a swan sitting by her feet. Perhaps the most outstanding feature of Jain temple architecture is at is an understatement. Wherever one looks, be it pillars, ceilings, walls and floor, Jain temples go to the extreme – and beyond it – when it comes to adorning their temples with the very stone they work with. Jain mythology, saints, gods and goddesses, monks, devotees or just good old religious motifs all find their way in a spectacular rendezvous in marble and rock.

3. Each nook and corner of the Jain temples is so diligently carved that it’s a wonder that the edifice was created out of plain stone. Carving is perhaps not the right word for Jain temples – chiselling would be more appropriate. Their fragile delicacy merged with an architectural lexicon is what constitutes the basis of these amazing temples. Simply put, there is not an inch where one can place one’s hand and not encounter a spectacular frieze.

4. In the temples in Mount Abu even chiselling was put aside, and artisans adopted the sedulous task of thinning the marble into carved images, a worth-noticing architectural splendour. This was done by gently scraping away the surface till a figure eventually emerged, so intricate and fine that it was intelligibly magnificent. This is the reason why the temples in Mount Abu and Ranakpur are said to be the finest Jain temples in the world.

(a) Many people consider Dilwara Temples architecturally superior to the:
(i) Lal Qila
(ii) Taj Mahal
(iii) Madurai temple (Meenakshi)
(iv) Akshardham temple
Answer:
(ii) Taj Mahal

(b) The most outstanding feature of Jain temple architecture is its:
(i) structure
(ii) grandeur
(iii) internal decoration
(iv) carvings
Answer:
(iv) carvings

(c) Dilwara Temples were built between 11th and 14th century. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(d) The edifice was created out of a plain stone. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(e) Mount Abu is in Madhya Pradesh. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(f) The ……………………………. process was adopted by scraping the surface of the marble till a fine figure emerged.
Answer:
thinning

(g) The chief motifs carved on these temples are …………… motifs.
Answer:
religious

(h) Write the synonym of the word ‘eye-catching from the passage. (para 2)
Answer:
spectacular

9. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Thomas Alva Edison was an American inventor and businessman who developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world. He lit up the world with his invention of electric light. Without him, the world might still be a dark place.

2. However, the electric light was not his only invention. He also invented phonograph, motion picture camera, and over 1,200 other things. About every two weeks he created something new. 3 Thomas A. Edison was born in Milan, Ohio, on February 11, 1847. His family moved to Port Huron, Michigan, when he was seven years old. Surprisingly, he attended school for only two months. His mother, a former teacher, taught him a few things, but Thomas was mostly self-educated. His natural curiosity led him to start experimenting at a young age with electrical and mechanical things at home.

4. When he was 12 years old, he got his first job. He became a newsboy on a train that ran between Port Huron and Detroit. He set up a laboratory in a baggage car of the train so that he could continue his experiments in his spare time. Unfortunately, his first work experience did not end well. Thomas was fired when he accidentally set fire to the floor of the baggage car.

5. Thomas then worked for five years as a telegraph operator, but he continued to spend much of his time on the job conducting experiments. He got his first patent in 1868 for a voice recorder run by electricity. However, the voice recorder was not a success. In 1870, he sold another invention, a stock-ticker, for $40,000. A stock-ticker is a machine that automatically prints stock prices on a tape. He was then able to build his first shop in Newark, New Jersey.

6. Thomas Edison was totally deaf in one ear and hard of hearing in the other, but thought of his deafness as a blessing in many ways. It kept conversations short, so that he could have more time for work.

(a) Thomas Alva Edison invented the:
(i) electric bulb
(ii) motion picture camera
(iii) phonograph
(iv) all of these
Answer:
(iv) all of these

(b) Thomas Edison accepted his deafness and hard of hearing disability as a blessing because:
(i) it kept the conversations short.
(ii) he had to keep quiet.
(iii) it kept him away from gossip.
(iv) none of these
Answer:
(i) it kept the conversations short.

(c) Without Thomas Edison, the world might have been a …………….. place today.
Answer:
dark

(d) Thomas was mostly ……………….. He attended school for only two months.
Answer:
self-educated

(e) Edison got his first patent in 1868, for a ……………… run by electricity.
Answer:
voice recorder

(f) Edison got his first job at the age of 12. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(g) Edison was a British inventor and a businessman. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(h) Write the antonym of the word “powerlessness’ from the passage. (para 1)
Answer:
influenced

10. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Much of the information we have today about chimpanzees comes from the ground breaking, long-term research of the great conservationist, Jane Goodall.

2. Jane Goodall was born on April 3, 1934 in London, England. On her second birthday, her father gave her a toy chimpanzee named Jubilee. From an early age, Jane was fascinated by animals and animal stories. By the age of 10, she was talking about going to Africa to live among the animals there, At the time, in the early 1940s, this was a radical idea because women did not go to Africa by themselves.

3. Once in Kenya, she met Dr Louis Leakey, a famous paleontologist and anthropologist. He was impressed with her thorough knowledge of Africa and its wildlife, and hired her to assist him and his wife on a fossil-hunting expedition to Olduvai Gorge. Dr Leakey soon realized that Jane was the perfect person to complete a study he had been planning for some time.

4. Dr Leakey and Jane began planning a study of a group of chimpanzees who were living on the shores of Lake Tanganyika in Kenya. Jane faced many challenges as she began her work. The chimpanzees did not accept her right away, and it took months for them to get used to her presence in their territory. But she was very patient and remained focused on her goal. Little by little, she was able to enter their world.

5. At first, she was able to watch the chimpanzees only from a great distance, using binoculars. As time passed, she was able to move her observation point closer to them while still using camouflage. Eventually, she was able to sit among them, touching, patting, and even feeding them. It was an amazing accomplishment for Jane, and a breakthrough in the study of animals in the wild. Jane named all of the chimpanzees that she studied, stating in her journals that she felt they each had a unique personality.

(a) Jane was gifted on her second birthday:
(i) a teddy bear
(ii) a toy gun
(iii) a toy chimpanzee
(iv) a doll
Answer:
(iii) a toy chimpanzee

(b) What challenge did Jane face initially while working for chimpanzees?
(i) They accepted her only after a few months.
(ii) They did not accept her at all.
(iii) It took them a year to accept her.
(iv) They were hostile towards her all through
Answer:
(i) They accepted her only after a few months.

(c) Jane, at 10, was talking about going to Africa. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(d) Jane was born in New York, America. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(e) Dr. Louis hired Jane to assist him and his wife on a fossil-hunting expedition… (True/False)
Answer:
True

(f) Jane, initially watched the chimpanzees from a distance using ……………….
Answer:
binoculars

(g) Jane named each chimpanzee as she thought each had a unique …………………….
Answer:
personality

(h) Identify the word from the passage that is similar to ‘concealment. (para 5)
Answer:
camouflage

11. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

The World as I See It

In my opinion, the present symptoms of decadence are explained by the fact that the development of industry and machinery has made the struggle for existence very much more severe, greatly to the detriment of the free development of the individual. But the development of machinery means that less and less work is needed from the individual for the satisfaction of the community’s needs.

A planned division of labour is becoming more and more of a crying necessity and this division will lead to the material security of the individual. This security and the spare time and energy which the individual will have at his command can be made to further his development. In this way the community may regain its health, and we will hope that future historians will explain the morbid symptoms of present-day society as the childhood ailments of an aspiring humanity, due entirely to the excessive speed at which civilisation was advancing. (An extract from ‘The world As I See It’ by Albert Einstein)

(a) What is responsible for the present degradation of individual development?
Answer:
The development of industry and machinery is responsible for the present degradation of individual development.

(b) What is the meaning of development in relation to individuals?
Answer:
Development means less and less work will be needed from the individual for the satisfaction of the community’s needs.

(c) What is the ‘planned division of labour’? How will it be helpful in human development?
Answer:
A planned division of the labour means to balance the amount of work between machine and an individual. The security, spare time and energy saved by an individual due to machines can be used for individual development.

(d) What does the phrase “symptoms of decadence’ mean in the opening line?
(i) diagnosis of degradation
(ii) warning signs of depravity
(iii) signs of prosperity
(iv) diagnosis of indifference
Answer:
(ii) warning signs of depravity

(e) The phrase ‘crying necessity in the opening paragraph means:
(i) urgent need
(ii) weeping need
(iii) sad need
(iv) average need
Answer:
(i) urgent need

(f) Circle the odd one out
(i) presence, distance, existence, being, alive
(ii) possible, feasible, probable, unthinkable, obtainable
(iii) violence, assault, roughness, passivity, fierceness
(iv) conflict, contest, contention, rivalry, accord
(v) consolation, compassion, annoyance, sympathy, support
Answer:
(i) distance
(ii) unthinkable
(iii) passivity
(iv) accord
(v) annoyance

12. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Chyur tree is commonly known as “Phulwara’ in northern India, ‘Chyur’ in Nepal and ‘Gophal’ in Bengal. It is found in the Himalayan regions with an altitude of 500 to 1200 meters. Chyur tree resembles an umbrella. This tree is large and shady with dense leaves. Its pulpy fruit gets a thick skin on ripening. People in the mountains call it Kalpavriksha. It is also known as ‘Indian Butter · Tree’ as it produces oil seeds, which are rich in oil contents and at lower temperature transforms into fat and looks like butter or ghee.

2. Fertile, moist soil is required for planting and growing of Chyur tree. It bears flowers and fruits from October to January. As this tree blossoms, the atmosphere becomes fragrant and fascinating. The honey made from its flowers is of high quality and is full of nutrients. The oil extracted is called the ghee of Chyur.

3. Local people extract juice from its flowers and boil it to make Jaggery. Ayurvedic physicians use it as medicine. The seed oil, honey and gur make the tree prominent in rural economy. Many cosmetic industries in India use a chemical called palmolic oil which is made from the oil of this tree. Oil cake left after extracting the oil from seeds is used as manure in the fields. This oil cake contains a pesticde chemical saponin. If this chemical is separated from the oil cakes, it can become a nutritious food for animals. Chyur trees contribute greatly towards prevention of landslides and soil erosion. Its long and broad leaves have the ability to collect soil, water and food materials.

4. For the past many years, the Government of India have been formulating various plans for making the country self-sufficient in edible and non-edible oils. Whereas, the, wasteland development has been one of the thrust areas in the Government plans, on the one hand, the self-sufficiency in edible and non-edible oils has been identified as a timely demand on the other. Keeping in view of the above, the plantation of Chyur trees on wastelands throughout the Himalayan sub-tropical belt and in Andaman and Nicobar Islands would be a prudent and wise measure.

(a) Chyur tree is known by several names:
(i) Kalpvariksha
(ii) Phulwara
(iii) Gophal
(iv) All of the above
Answer:
(iv) All of the above

(b) The Chyur tree bears flowers from:
(i) October to December
(ii) October to November
(iii) October to January
(iv) October to February
Answer:
(iii) October to January

(c) Chyur tree contributes greatly towards prevention of soil erosion. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(d) This tree is small with dense leaves. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(e) Chyur tree is also called “Indian Butter Tree’. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(f) …………………….. is separated from the oil cakes to make them a nutritious food for animals.
Answer:
Saponin

(g) Local people extract juice from the flowers of Chyur tree and boil it to make ………………..
Answer:
jaggery

(b) Find the word from the passage that is similar in meaning to ‘that which can be eaten’. (para 4)
Answer:
‘edible’

13. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. A British linguist has cracked the code of a 600-year-old manuscript. This manuscript is deemed to be the most mysterious document in the world and is known as the Voynich manuscript. Professor Stephen Bax, who teaches Applied Linguistics at the University of Bedfordshire, and who has decoded the Voynich manuscript, says that the manuscript is not a hoax. In the course of his research he has found the manuscript is probably a treatise on nature and is perhaps in a Near Eastern or Asian language.

2. So far, Professor Bax has been able to decode ten words of the manuscript using an analytical approach. The manuscript, according to the method of carbon dating, affixes its origin to some time in the 1400s. It was picked up from among second-hand publications, in Italy, by an antique book dealer. The dealer, Wilfrid Voynich, had discovered the manuscript in 1912, and thereafter the find was named after him.

3. Among the words identified by Professor Voynich is the word Taurus alongside a picture of seven stars which seem to be the Pleiades. Another word in the script that he has deciphered is the word ‘Kantairon’ with a picture of the plant centaury (a herbaceous plant) alongside it.

4. The manuscript is full of illustrations of exotic plants, stars and mysterious human figures in addition to the unknown text. Up till this discovery, several scholars and cryptographers had worked. on the script but had failed to read even a single letter. Over time, the script had gained quite a. reputation and has even been featured in the computer game Assassin’s Creed and in the Indiana Jones novels. Many grand theories about it have been proposed. Some even go so far as to say that the script is the secret code of Leonardo Da Vinci as a boy. Others ascribe the code to the Cathars, or to the lost tribe of Israel, and, more recently, to the Aztecs.

5 Although at the present time, Professor Bax’s decoding is only partial, it has generated a lot of excitement.

(a) Subject matter of the manuscript according to professor Bax:
(i) deals with nature
(ii) deals with metaphysics
(iii) deals with languages
(iv) deals in material things.
Answer:
(i) deals with nature

(b) Where was the manuscript discovered?
(i) in Greece
(ii) in India
(iii) in Italy
(iv) In Egypt
Answer:
(iii) in Italy

(c) The manuscript was picked up by an …………………….. book dealer.
Answer:
antique

(d) So far, Professor Bax has been able to ……………. ten words of the manuscript.
Answer:
decode

(e) The manuscript is known as ………………. manuscript.
Answer:
Voynich

(f) The manuscript is 400 years old. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(g) At the present time, Professor Bax’s decoding is only partial. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(h) Find from the passage a word similar to the meaning “a piece of writing’. (para 1)
Answer:
treatise

14. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Did you sleep well last night? Or did you wake up feeling fatigued and sluggish – perhaps even wondering if you really slept at all? Understanding your sleep behaviour and preparing for a sound slumber can help make sure every night is a good night for sleeping.

2 “Sleep is a behaviour and, like all behaviours, it varies greatly among people,” explains Dr Carol Landis, sleep researcher and associate professor in biobehavioural nursing and health systems at the University of Washington School of Nursing. “The greatest differences occur in the timing of sleep and the amount of sleep – the factors which are most important in determining whether you will wake up feeling rested.”

3. Nobody knows why we sleep, but we all need to. There are no rules about how much sleep is necessary but an average adult sleeps for 7 hours 20 minutes. About 8% of adults are happy with 5 hours or less and 4% want 10 hours or more. Babies need between 14 and 18 hours, whereas the elderly need less than they did when young but often take a nap during the day.

4. If you miss a couple of hours of sleep, no harm is done. You may feel tired and irritable the next day but the body soon makes up for the loss. If you try to stay awake night after night however, you soon begin to behave strangely. You lose the ability to concentrate and your judgement is impaired. You begin to imagine strange things and your behaviour becomes deranged.

5 There are a number of causes for sleeplessness. Worry and depression are the most common. All kinds of things in the environment can affect sleep — noise, light, heat, cold, new surroundings, etc. Pain in illness can also keep people awake. Many people become addicted to their sleeping pills but sleeping pills do not deal with the causes of insomnia and it is better to avoid them if you can. It is much better to identify the problem and remove it.

(a) The environmental factors that can affect sleep are:
(i) noise
(ii) heat and cold
(iii) new surroundings
(iv) all of the above
Answer:
(iv) all of the above

(b) Babies need between:
(i) 13 to 15 hours of sleep
(ii) 14 to 18 hours of sleep
(iii) 14 to 16 hours of sleep
(iv) 13 to 16 hours of sleep
Answer:
(ii) 14 to 18 hours of sleep

(c) Sleep patterns vary from individual to individual. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(d) Worry and depression are not the most common causes of sleeplessness. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(e) Sleeping pills help induce sleep and are good for a person. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(f) The body makes up for the loss of ………………..
Answer:
sleep

(g) We can ensures a good night’s rest by understanding our sleep
Answer:
behaviour

(h) Write the word similar in meaning to ‘inability to sleep’ from the passage. (para 5)
Answer:
‘insomnia’

15. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. For many people who live in cities, parks are an important part of the landscape. They provide a place for people to relax and play sports, as well as a refuge from the often harsh environment of a city. What people often overlook is that parks also provide considerable environmental benefits.

2. One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide-a key pollutant—and emit oxygen, which humans need to breathe. According to one study, an acre of trees can absorb the same amount of carbon dioxide that a typical car emits in 11,000 miles of driving. Parks also make cities cooler. Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect: building materials such as metal, concrete, and asphalt, absorb much more of the sun’s heat and release it much more quickly than organic surfaces like trees and grass. Because city landscapes contain so much of these building materials, cities are usually warmer than surrounding rural areas. Parks and other green spaces help to mitigate the Urban Heat Island Effect.

3 Unfortunately, many cities cannot easily create more parks because most land is already being used for buildings, roads, parking lots and other essential parts of the urban environment. However, cities could benefit from many of the positive effects of parks by encouraging citizens to create another type of green space: rooftop gardens. While most people would not think of starting a garden on their roof, human beings have been planting gardens on rooftops for thousands of years. Some rooftop gardens are very complex and require complicated engineering, but others are simple container gardens that anyone can create with little investment and a few hours of work.

4. Rooftop gardens provide many of the same benefits as other urban park and garden spaces, but without taking up the much-needed land. Like parks, rooftop gardens help to replace carbon dioxide in the air with nourishing oxygen. They also help to lessen the Urban Heat Island Effect, which can save people money.

(a) Not many city parks can be made because:
(i) there is scarcity of space
(ii) land is required for essential urban development.
(iii) land is required for building flyovers, school, hospitals.
(iv) all of the above
Answer:
(iv) all of the above

(b) Parks provide city people with:
(i) a place to relax
(ii) play sports
(iii) take refuge from the changing weather patterns
(iv) all of the above
Answer:
(iv) all of the above

(c) Parks are not really an important part of the landscape. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(d) Plants absorb carbon dioxide. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(e) Rooftop gardens will provide the same benefits as any other urban park. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(f) Parks provide many environmental …….
Answer:
benefits

(g) Rooftop gardens also lessen the Urban ……….. Effect.
Answer:
Heat Island

(h) Find the antonym of the word ‘simple’ from the passage. (para 3)
Answer:
‘complex

16. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Recycling means treating things that have already been used, so that they can be used again. Making new things from recycled ones takes less money, less energy and less of the earth’s resources. Since less energy is used in recycling, factories don’t release as many pollutants either. Recycling begins with people separating recyclable materials for other trash. The separated recyclable materials are collected, processed and then sold to manufacturers for use in new products.

2. Aluminum and steel cans, cardboard, glass, newspapers and plastic bottles are all recyclable materials. These items can be made into new things such as cans that hold food and drinks, cardboard boxes, glass jars and bottles, newspaper and office papers, plastic bottles and even playground equipment. Kitchen waste such as leftover foodstuff and vegetables peels can be separated rather than put in the trash.

3. This waste can be added to soil to form compost. Compost helps the plants to grow better. Composting is a cheap and useful process of speeding up the decay of waste. Garden waste, such as grass clippings, dried leaves and so on can be similarly converted into compost. Some types of trash are dangerous and need to be disposed of in special ways. Old paints, pesticides, cleaning chemicals, fluorescent lamps, mercury thermometers, batteries and electronic equipment can contaminate our land, water and air.

(a) Which of the following is recyclable material?
(i) steel cans and plastic bottles
(ii) cardboard glass
(iii) newspapers
(iv) all of the above
Answer:
(iv) ali of the above

(b) Which of the following trashes need to be disposed off in order to save our environment?
(i) old paints, cleaning chemicals
(ii) mercury thermometers
(iii) batteries and electronic equipment.
(iv) all of the above
Answer:
(iv) all of the above

(c) Kitchen and garden waste can be changed into …………. and added to soil.
Answer:
compost

(d) Garden waste can be …………. into compost.
Answer:
converted

(e) Making new things from recycled ones takes less of earth’s ……………….
Answer:
resources

(f) Recycling means using things that have been treated, to use them again. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(g) Composting is an expensive process of speeding up the decaying of waste. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(h) Find the phrase from the text which is similar to ‘throw away’ in meaning. (para 3)
Answer:
‘dispose of

17. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. At Haridwar, the first thing that hits the eye is the presence of the Ganga. It certainly appears to be a big river. But look around and away from the water and the second thing that will strike the eye is the amount of constructions on the riverside and the ghats. There are bridges, pillars, staircases that seem to lead to nowhere in particular and some of them even seem to stick out of the river waters for no discernible reason. The third thing is the ads for underwear. It seems almost mandatory, like a dip in the river.

2. The river enters the plains at Haridwar, so while it does broaden out, it is still a swift flowing river. To take a dip in the river, therefore, the technique must be followed. Hang onto the chains that have been fixed to the stairs, duck and pray that the slush beneath your feet doesn’t make
you lose balance. That is the holy dip taken by 98% of visitors, in a nutshell.

3. But I am one of the 2% visitors who travel further upriver and camp on white beaches. I go to sleep in a tent listening to the tinkle of the river. Next morning, along with a few other campers, we prepare to hand over our lives to rubber dinghies, paddles muscle, and river guide, in a bid to enjoy the white water rafting sport on the Ganga. White water rafting is one of the most religious and extreme sports around, especially when you encounter one of the rapids on the course, then it seems the river wants to convey a message. She doesn’t respect you too much and seems to tell you that she has complete power over you.

4. As you begin to savour the calmness of a plain stretch on the river, the faint roar of a rapid around the bend reaches your ears. Palms grip paddles tighter and then the dinghy starts to roll and bounce around and all that you can do, is to paddle hard and trust that the river guide will soon find a safe track.

(a) What is the first thing that strikes the eye at Haridwar?
(i) presence of a bridge
(ii) presence of the Ganga
(iii) presence of dinghies
(iv) huge presence of people
Answer:
(ii) presence of the Ganga

(b) What percentage of the visitors travel upriver and camp on white beaches?
(i) 2%
(ii) 4%
(iii) 3%
(iv) 5%
Answer:
(i) 2%

(c) The ads for the ………… seems almost mandatory.
Answer:
underware

(d) The river seems to have complete ………………. Over the person.
Answer:
power

(e) The second thing that strikes the eye is the ………………… on the riverside.
Answer:
construction

(f) There is a technique to be followed to take a dip in the river. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(g) White water rafting is one of the easiest water sports. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(h) Find the word from the passage similar in meaning to “visible’. (para 1)
Answer:
discernible

18. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. India’s most famous monuments have always drawn visitors from around the world. Till now, one had to physically visit these places to enjoy the sight. Not any more, as the best known monuments of India can now be viewed online. The iconic Taj Mahal, Red Fort, Humayun’s Tomb, amongst other popular historical sites, will now be available for online viewing with a 360-degree panoramic view, thanks to a recent initiative by Google and the Archeological Survey of India (ASI).

2. Under this scheme, 30 of 100 nationally acclaimed monuments will now be viewable to one-third of the world’s population. The Minister of Culture in India launched this project at Safdarjung’s Tomb. This enterprise will bring to the doorstep of every India lover a virtual view of their favourite and iconic monument of India. Millions of people will now be able to take a virtual walk through the rock-cut Jain temples of Dilwara, using the Street View Trekker technology, for the first time in India, or marvel at the Nagarjuna Konda Buddhist Stupas, in Andhra Pradesh and relive the history of Fatehpur Sikri as it was in the time of Emperor Akbar, said the organisers.

3 Besides viewing what lies inside the monuments, the organisers of this programme claim that with this device people all over the world will be able to understand India’s heritage and culture better. Thus before making up their minds about the part of India they would like to go to, they can take a virtual walk around its historical sites before coming to a firm decision.

4. According to the Google experts, a virtual view of the monument allows viewers to see the monument to the extent that is permitted at the actual site, by the authorities of the Archeological Survey of India. In this way, one can have visited many a place in India without actually taking the trouble of booking a trip to see these places. In short, it is as close to the real thing as one can possibly get.

(a) The device will provide the chance of viewing virtually India’s famous:
(i) pictures
(ii) buildings
(iii) statues
(iv) monuments
Answer:
(iv) monuments

(b) How will the device help the potential visitor to India?
(i) he/she can pick and choose the monument.
(ii) he/she has a broader choice.
(iii) he/she can take a virtual walking before making a decision.
(iv) all of the above
Answer:
(iv) all of the above

(c) Under the scheme, 30% of the monuments will be visible online. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(d) This initiative has been started by Google and the ASI. (True/False)
Answer:
True

(e) The Jain temples of Dilwara cannot be viewed online under this scheme. (True/False)
Answer:
False

(f) The street view trekker ……………. has been used for this kind of viewing.
Answer:
technology

(g) The monuments can be viewed in a ………………. panoramic view,
Answer:
360° degree

(h) Find the antonym of the word “real from the passage. (para 2)
Answer:
“virtual

19. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Indra Krishnamurthy Nooyi is an Indian American business executive. She is the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Pepsico. She is one among the world’s most powerful women. She delivered the following speech at the Rashtrapati Bhawan on 14 December 2013. She was named one of the 25 Greatest Living Legends by NDTV, and was awarded by the then President of India, Pranab Mukherjee at the Rashtrapati Bhawan.

2 Read the speech delivered by Indra Nooyi and answer the questions that follow.
Mr President and NDTV, thank you very much for this incredible honour. Malcom Gladwell in his book, Outliers says: “Who you are cannot be separated from where you came from.”

3 I left India 35 years ago, went to the USA and had tremendous success in the meritocracy. But none of that could have happened if I would not have had wonderful upbringing very much here in India. So I have a lot to thank India for. Now my three lessons I would like to share with you.

4. First, please be a lifelong student. You know when we were kids, we used to ask questions like “Why is the sky blue?”, “Why the birds flying so high?” But for some reasons, as we get older, that curiosity goes away. And if we are happy with the knowledge we have, then we are actually
going to atrophy. So, please remain a lifelong student, don’t lose that curiosity. :

5. Second, whatever you do, throw yourself into it, throw your head, heart and hands into it. I look at my job not as a job, I look at it as a Calling, as a Passion and I don’t care about the hours, about the hardships, because to me everything is a joy. So whatever you do, please look upon it as a Calling, a Passion, not as a job, not as something temporary. 6 The third and the most important one, please help others rise. Greatness comes not from a position, but from helping build a future. All of us in position of power have an obligation to pull others up. You know, as I stand here today,

I look at my responsibility not as accepting an honour, I look upon it as accepting a challenge and a responsibility, an obligation to actually make it possible for people who are younger to come up and achieve levels of greatness, so they too can be on the stage sometime in the future.

(Source: Speech delivered by Indra Nooyi at the Rashtrapati Bhawan on 14 December 2013)

(a) What has Malcom Gladwell said in his book, that Indra Nooyi is refering to in her speech?
Answer:
Malcom Gladwell says “Who you are cannot be separated from where you came from”.

(b) What according to Indra Nooyi helped her achieve great success?
Answer:
She thanks her upbringing in India that helped her achieve great success.

(c) What is the first lesson that Indra Nooyi has talked about in her speech?
Answer:
She asks us to always be a student i.e. never let that spark of curiosity go away. Keep increasing your knowledge.

(d) What element should we have to be a lifelong student?
Answer:
We must have curiosity to be a lifelong student.

(e) How does she look at her job?
Answer:
She looks at her job as a calling, as a position and she doesn’t care about the hardships and hours she has to put in.

(f) What is her third lesson? Why is it important?
Answer:
Her third lesson is to help others rise. It is important because greatness comes from helping build a future. Those who are in position of power have an obligation to pull others up. It’s their duty.

(g) What obligation does she talk about in her speech?
Answer:
Obligation means commitment or responsibility to make others also rise if we are capable of doing so because even we ourselves have been helped by someone to be at this position.

Essay Writing are common in elementary, middle, high school, and college, and one may even need to write essays in the business world. An essay is defined as a short piece of writing that expresses information as well as the writer’s opinion. An essay is, generally, a piece of writing that gives the author’s own argument but the definition is vague, overlapping with those of a paper, an article, a pamphlet, and a short story. Essays have traditionally been sub-classified as formal and informal.

This grammar section explains English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used.

Essay Writing Class 7 Format, Examples, Topics, Exercises

Format:
Essays Writing should be written in the following format:

There are seven steps to writing a successful essay:

1. Pick a topic. ………..
2. Prepare an outline or diagram of your ideas.
3. Write your opening statement. ………..
4. Write the body. ………..
5. Write the introduction. ………..
6. Write the conclusion. ………..

Essay Writing Example

For some, writing an essay is as simple as sitting down at their computer and beginning to type, but a lot more planning goes into writing an essay successfully. If you have never written an essay before, or if you struggle with writing and want to improve your skills, it is a good idea to go through several steps in the process.

For example, to write an essay, you should generally:

• Decide what kind of essay to write.
• Brainstorm your topic.
• Do research.
• Outline your essay.
• Focus on Coherence of idea.
• Edit your writing to check spelling and grammar.

Kinds of Essays

The first step to writing an essay is to decide what kind of essay to write. There are several main structures into which essays can be grouped:

1. Narrative Essays: Tell a story or impart information about your subject in a straightforward, orderly, manner.
2. Descriptive Essays: Focus on the details of what is going on. For example, if you want to write a descrip tive essay about your trip to the park, you would give great detail about what you experienced: how the grass felt beneath your feet, what the park benches looked like, and anything else the reader would need to feel as if he were there.
3. Persuasive Essay: Convince the reader of some point of view.
4. Comparative Essay: Compare two or more different things.
5. Expository Essay: Explain to the reader how to do a given process. You could, for example, write an expository essay with step-by-step instructions on how to make a peanut butter sandwich.

Essay Writing On My Hobby

I am 12 years old and read in class 7th standard. Now I know very well that reading is very good habit which can make me a complete. My hobby is reading interesting and knowledgeable books in my free time. Whenever I go to home from my school I like to read such books after completing my home work. This hobby can be developed by anyone however I got this naturally. Reading books keep one always happy and busy and create interest in advancing the knowledge.

It is the good source of enjoyment, knowledge, inspiration and instruction. It makes us disciplined, loyal, punctual and most importantly a successful person in the life. Through books reading nobody can feel alone and disturb. I think this habit is more precious than gold or other precious stones of the world. It provides us high level of knowledge, noble thoughts and ideas to work in many fields.

Good and interesting books are like best friends of the one who like to read. The one who do not have this habit may possess worldly wealth but he/she would always be poor because of the lack of wealth of true knowledge. The habit of reading books can be acquired at young age by anyone. Through this habit of book readings one may feel energetic and advancing the knowledge through the good habit of acquiring it through books.

Essay Writing On Independence Day

In India, Independence Day is celebrated by the people of all religions, cultures and traditions with great joy and happiness. Independence Day in India is observed on 15th of August every year from 1947 as our country became independent on the same day from the British rule almost after 200 years of slavery.

It has been declared as the national holiday when all the schools (government or private), offices, colleges, universities, educational institutions, organizations, companies and business centres remain closed. It is celebrated with big enthusiasm in every schools, colleges and other educational institutions by the students and staff.

They participate and perform in dancing, drama, singing, playing indoor games, outdoor sports, cultural activities, quiz competitions, awards distribution, etc during celebration. First of all the National flag is unfurled by the chief guest or School Principal, National Anthem is sung with flute and drum and then march past and procession in the streets takes place.

A big celebration event is organized by the government of India at the Rajpath, India Gate in the National Capital, New Delhi where people of all religion, culture and tradition gather to listen the patriotic speech by our Prime Minister.

By celebrating this event we commemorate those all great people who had sacrificed their lives and loved ones in making India an Independent country. We feel indebted by their sacrifices for the country.

Essay Writing On Republic Day

Republic day also called as 26 January which is celebrated every year as this day is of great importance for every Indian. Because at this day India was declared as the republic country as well as constitution of India came into force after independence of long years of struggle. India got independence on 15th of August in 1947 and two and half years later it became a Democratic Republic.

On 20th of August 1947 a draft committee was constituted to prepare a draff for permanent constitution of India. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the main architect as a chairman of Drafting Committee who took responsibilities and submitted the constitution of India to the Assembly on 4th of November in 1947 however it took years to get enforced on 26th of January in 1950 to honour the pledge of “PURNA SWARAJ”.

Republic day is the national holiday in India when people celebrates this great day of honour in their own way through media, speech at schools or get participated in quiz competitions related to freedom of India. At this day a big event gets organized by the Government of India at the Rajpath.

New Delhi where a parade takes place by the Indian army and state tableau in front of the India Gate in the presence of President of India after unfolding the Indian Flag and singing National Anthem. Generally the representatives from our friend allied country is invited as a chief guest to celebrate the function with our president of the country.

Essay Writing On Save Trees

Trees are precious gift to our life from the nature. They are the green gold on the earth and very important for everyone’s life. Some of the importance of trees is mentioned below proving why save trees is save life:

1. Trees are very important source of cleaning and refreshing air (as they produce oxygen and consume green house gases) by filtering and intercepting the airborne particles, chemicals, toxic gases, reducing heat, absorbing CO2 and other pollutants like sulphur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide.
2. Trees acts as natural dustbins to the harmful gases in the environment. Trees are source of natural shadow against scorching heat of the sun during the summer days and cool air and most comfortable than the artificial cooling technologies like fan, coolers, air conditioning, etc.
3. They are effective in breaking the force of wind as a wind brake thus helpful in protecting houses, vegetation, farmland, etc.
4. They keep us healthy by lowering the dust levels and pollution levels especially in the urban areas.
5. They prevent us from the respiratory disorders and breathing problems by producing refreshing air.
6. They help in reducing noise pollution and most effective as sound barriers because they act most effectively like stone walls in stopping sound. They prevent us from the noises of crowded roads, railway stations, airports, etc. They prevent soil from erosion, helpful in rainwater conservation, and prevent sediment deposit during storms.

Essay Writing On Diwali

India is the great country known as the land of festivals. One of the famous and most celebrated festival is “Diwali or Deepawali” which falls every year 20 days after the festival of Dussehra in the month of October or November. It is celebrated to commemorate the returning of Lord Rama to the Kingdom after the 14 years of exile. People of Ayodhya shown their joy and happiness by lighting the lamps in the whole kingdom and firing crackers.

Diwali is known as the festival of lights or row of lights which is the symbol of coming of Lakshmi to the home and victory of truth over the evil. At this day Lord Rama had killed the demon king of Lanka, Ravan in order to save the earth from the bad activities. People do whitewash and clean up of their houses, offices, and shops to welcome the Godess Lakshmi. They decorate their houses, lighting lamps and firing crackers.

People perform the Puja functions and particularly the trades celebrate it with much enthusiasm. It is common beliefs of people that buying new things at this day would bring home the Lakshmi. People buy gifts, clothes, sweets, decorative things, fire crackers and diyas. Kids buy toys, sweets and crackers from the market. In the evening, Lakshmi puja is held by the people at their home by lighting lamps. People take bath, wear new clothes and then start puja.

After puja they distribute prasad and share gifts to each other. They pray to God for the happy and prosperous life and in the last they enjoy burning fire crackers and playing games.

Essay Writing On National Flag of India

The national flag of India is our pride for the country. The Indian national flag contains three colours and thus also called as the Tiranga. The uppermost saffron colour indicates sacrifice and selflessness, middle white colour indicates truth, peace and purity and lowermost green colour indicates youth and energy. The middle white colour contains a navy blue colour Ashoka Chakra which has 24 equal spokes. Our national flag is a symbol of freedom, pride, unity and honour.

Ashok Chakra indicates real victory of honesty and justice. Our national flag teaches us the lesson of unity, peace and harmony. It helps us to believe in the truth and unity. It is hoisted every year by the Indian prime Minister of India on 15th of August and by the President of India on 26th of January.

However, it is hoisted by both of them at Red Fort followed by address to people of India by the Prime Minister. Our national flag is made up of khadi clothes, a hand-made clothe initiated by the Mahatma Gandhi. It is strictly prohibited in our country to fly a national flag made up of clothe other than Khadi.

Essay Writing On My Pet Cat

I have a white coloured, soft and furry cat. It is a Himalayan Cat. These cats are known for their soft furry coats and that is what attracted me too and decided to have the cat as our pet animal. Since I am a single child, my parents decided to get me a pet. They asked me if I wanted a dog or a cat and I instantly chose the latter.

My father took me to a pet shop and my heart went pounding for this cute little white kitten with grey ears. We brought it home and since then it has been my best friend. I have named it Rosie.

Rosie is there with us since the last two years and has become a part of our family. I love playing with it. I play with it in the house and also take it out in the park every evening. I bathe it twice a month with the help of my mother. Bathing sessions are super fun for me as well as Rosie. My mother makes it a point to comb Rosie’s furry coat every day.

We have a separate set of combs, brushes, shampoo and soaps for Rosie. We also take good care of her diet. We bring home special cat food for her. I love my pet cat.

Essay Writing On Holi

Holi is the great festival of colours, celebrated every year by the Hindu with the other religion people in India. Holi festival falls every year in the spring season in the month of Falgun (or March). It is one of the happiest festivals of the Hindus like Diwali. It is celebrated every year on the first day of Chaitra month. The whole environment and nature looks very beautiful and colourful during the holi festival.

Holi festival celebration starts at the last day of Phalgun by the Holika Dahan in the evening and colour play in the next morning. Children wait for this festival with lots of courage and happiness and starts collecting colours, balloons, bucket, pitchakri, etc to play holi.

They also collect some sticks, straws and cowdung cakes in the mid of cross road and make a big heap for the ceremony of Holika Dahan. They get together at the place in the night and set fire in the huge heap of sticks, straws and cow-dung cakes to celebrate Holika Dahan.

Women sing ceremonial songs during the Holika Dahan. Everyone becomes in happy mood and wait for the morning of next day to play holi. We sprinkle watery colors to each other, throw colour filled balloons, etc. At this day everyone forgets the social distinctions and meets and welcomes each other with lots of tasty foods and sweets. We enjoy this festivals with our colleagues/ friends irrespective of caste, colour and creed and feel like unity in diversity.

Essay Writing On Newspaper

Newspaper are the print medium of communication about happening, events, plans information of day today activities.

Newspapers are published by a number of publishers. They are brought out in different languages.

Newspapers published every day are known as dailies, while those published once a week are known as weeklies. News and views carried in newspapers depend on their periodicity. Newspapers have a serialized number printed on their issues.

Newspapers are printed on very thin paper called newsprint. Newspapers generally have a number of pages and cover a large number of topics such as politics, society, economy, business, science, technology, environment and sports. There are also entertainment news items such as on theatre and films.

Now-a-days newspapers are also available and can be browsed on the internet. Newspapers are usually low priced publications so that they are accessible to the maximum number of people.

Newspapers carry authentic news. Reporters and correspondents work for newspaper offices. They report from the place where an event has taken place or the scene of action. They write their reports and file their stories that are edited by editors and then published in the papers.

Various experts also write on subjects of their expertise. Besides news and views on local, national and international issues, newspapers also carry important messages, announcements and advertisements.

Essay Writing On Health is Wealth

It is an ancient tradition to keep oneself healthy one should give health a priority. It has wide circulation and reaches out to millions. It has unified the nation and brings pecple towards each other.

As we all here since our childhood about the statement that, “Health is wealth”. It has very literal meaning that good health is more than important to the money. There are nothing have been blessed to us to be stable all through the life except a good health. People who do not have good health are very poor even if they have lots of money. They cannot buy a good health however can maintain a good health using their money.

People should follow healthy life style in order to get good health. People who are not involved in the healthy life style may suffer a range of health disorders like overweight, high blood pressure, obese, heart diseases, obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol, kidney problems, liver disorders and so many. Money matters however, not as important as health. Spending lots of money on five star hotels or other entertainment sources for a day but living a bad daily routine is not good. Being physically and mentally healthy helps a person to be socially and financially healthy too.

People refrain unhealthy foods having high calories. Maintaining balanced diet is very necessary task in order to get healthy. Daily physical exercises, yoga and meditation are also important part of healthy life. Any bad habit avoiding or bad life style. On international for eons, the major concern is always the declining health of the earth.

Essay Writing On Global Warming

Global warming or climate change has today become a major threat to the mankind. The Earth’s temperature is on the rise and there are various reasons for it such as greenhouse gases emanating from carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, burning of fossil fuels or deforestation.

Impact of Greenhouse Gases:
The rise in the levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) leads to substantial increase in temperature. It is because CO2 remains concentrated in the atmosphere for even hundreds of years. Due to activities like fossil fuel combustion for electricity generation, transportation, and heating, human beings have contributed to increase in the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. Deforestation and industrial revolution ruined the health of the world.

Cause of Concern:
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), global temperature is likely to rise by about 1-3.5 Celsius by the year 2100. It has also suggested that the climate might warm by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit over the next 100 years.

Impact of Global Warming:

• Glaciers are gradually melting, sea levels are constantly rising. There are remarkable changes is the rainfall pattern.
• Animal populations are gradually vanishing as there has been a widespread loss of their habitat.

Essay Writing On Save Water

It has been observed that only our earth has water thus sustaining lives.

Water is the precious gift of God on the earth. Life exists on the earth because of the availability of water. Itself being tasteless, odorless and colorless, it adds taste, colour and nice smell in the life of living beings on the earth. We find it everywhere in rivers, seas, tanks, wells, ponds, etc but we lack clean drinking water.

Three fourth part of the earth is full of water however we need to conserve water as there is very less percentage of clean water. To us water is as necessary as oxygen to survive. People at many places of the world are suffering water scarcity or completely lack of water in their regions.

We need water in all the walks of life from morning till night like drinking, cooking, bathing, washing clothes, watering plant, etc.

People working in different fields need water for different purposes such as farmers need water to grow crops, gardeners to water plants, industrialists for industry work, electricity plants to generate hydro-electricity, etc. So, we should save clean water for the wellness of our future generations and healthy life of water and wildlife animals.

Essay Writing On Swachh Bharat Mission

Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) on October 2, 2014, the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. The ambitious programme aims to make the streets, roads and infrastructure across the country clean.

Launching the mission, Prime Minster had nominated nine famous personalities for the campaign. They joined the campaign and nominated nine more people. Thus, the momentum has been built with people from all walks of life joining it. It is India’s biggest ever cleanliness drive.

The relevance of the Swachh Bharat Mission Sanitation has emerged as a key issue since the 2011 Census highlighted e-glaring data on lack of toilets in the country by stating that over 26 million people in India defecate in the open. Launched with an estimated cost of around Rs 62,009 crore.

Swachh Bharat Mission aims to achieve the elimination of open defecation in the country. Among its other objectives are conversion of insanitary toilets to pour flush toilets, putting an end to the inhuman practice of manual scavenging and carrying out Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM).

The lack of any efforts for cleanliness was defacing the country. The poor health and hygiene maintenance is always a grave concern of WHO and other health organizations. Involvement of Eminent personalities such as Aamir Khan, Amitabh Bachchan, Kailash Kher, Priyanka Chopra and leading sportspersons like Sachin Tendulkar, Sania Mirza, Saina Nehwal and Mary Kom are part of the SBM.

Essay Writing On Internet

Computer and internet are inundated inventions of 20th centuary. They are inseparable parts of one’s life.

No one could ever believe life. Internet has made everyone’s life very easy and simple as we no longer need to go outside for paying bill, shopping, seeing movie, business transactions, etc. Because of its easiness and usefulness, it is used everywhere such as workplace, offices, schools, colleges, banks, education institutions, training centres, shops, railways station, airports, restaurants, hotels, malls, and most importantly at home by each members for different purposes.

Once we take the internet connection by paying money to the Internet Service Provider, we can access the internet facility anytime from any corner of the world for one week or month according to the internet plan we have taken.

From the time internet has come in our life, our world has become changed to a great extent in the positive ways however in the negative ways too. It is highly beneficial for the students, businessmen, government agencies, research organizations, etc. Students can search any needed information for their study, businessmen can deal their business matters from one place.

Government agencies can do their work in proper time, research organizations can research more and give outstanding results, etc. Just like everyone has two faces so it is the internet. The elders of the society need to keep a check on the usage of the internet as it may lead them to destruction also.

Essay Writing On My City

My father has a transferable job and hence we are always on a move. We have changed as many as four cities since my childhood. I never thought that there would be any one city that I would really be able to call home until I moved to Jaipur. It has been just two years that we have shifted to this place but it feels like home already.

I love everything about this place – from the house we have rented for accommodation to my school, from my neighborhood to the local markets, from the beautiful monuments to the delectable food. Everything here is just amazing. But what I like the most about this city is the people here.

The people here are very warm and helpful friendly. I also love the fact that there is so much to explore in this city. The never-ending bazaars full of beautiful clothes and home décor items, the ancient monuments and the beautiful temples – I just love everything about this city. Finally, there is a place I feel like calling my own.

This is my city and I would love to live here forever.

Essay Writing On Mahatma Gandhi

a Mahatma Gandhi was a great and outstanding personality of the India. He was born in the Porbandar, Gujarat, India in a Hindu family on 2nd of October in 1869. Who is still inspiring the people in the country as well as abroad through his legacy of greatness, idealness and noble life. He paid his great and unforgettable role for the independence of India from the British rule.

The full name of the Bapu is Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He went to England for his law study just after passing his matriculation examination. Later he returned to India in as a lawyer in 1890. After his arrival to India, he started helping Indian people facing various problems from the British rule. He started a Satyagraha movement against the British rule to help Indians Other big movements started by the Bapu for the independence of India are Non-cooperation movement in the year 1920.

Civil Disobedience movement in the year 1930 and Quit India movement in the year 1942. All the movements had shaken the British rule in India and inspired lots of common Indian citizens to fight for the freedom. No one else in the world has reached to his fame. He had served the country and laid his life for it.

Essay Writing On APJ Abdul Kalam

The full name of Dr. APJ abdul Kalam was Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam. He is popularly known as the Missile Man of India and People’s President. He was a great scientist who also served the country as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. He was born in a poor Tamil Muslim family on 15th of October in 1931 at Rameshwaram, Ramnad district of Madras presidency under British India (currently in Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu).

He worked at various chief positions at ISRO and DRDO then became a Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government Of India as a Cabinet Minister. He has been honored with the honorary doctorates by at least 30 universities as well as three highest civilian awards of the country (Padma Bhushan 1981, Padma Vibhushan 1990 and Bharat Ratna 1997).

He was a great personality and inspiration to the youngsters of country who took his last breath at IIM, Meghalaya on 27th of July in 2015 because of the sudden cardiac arrest. He is not present among us physically however his great works and contributions would be with us forever. He has mentioned his dream of making India a developed country in his book “India 2020-A vision for the New Millennium”.

Essay Writing On Importance of Sports

Sports is the best way to get involved in the continuous physical activities. Success of any person depends on the mental and physical energy. If we see back for a while in the history or put some lights on the life of any successful person, we see that name, fame and money never come easily. It needs a dedication, continuity, patience and most importantly some physical activities means physical and mental health of a person for a healthy survival and success.

Importance of Sports in a children life in inevitable. It keeps him disciplined, alert and prompt. Sports are nice way to get involved in the physical activities which benefits a lot. Sports are given much importance in many countries as they know it’s real benefits and need in the personal and professional life of a person. Sports are physical activities of much importance for any athlete or a professional sportsperson. It means a lot for them and their life.

Sports have nice scope for the sportspersons nationally as well as internationally. In some countries, sports and games activities are arranged in the celebration of some events or festivals, for example; Olympic Games are organized to pay honor to the Olympiads of the ancient Greece.

Essay Writing On Football

Benefits of Playing Football
Playing football sport is a good physical exercise. It also provides various other benefits to the kids, children and youths including other age group people. It is generally played in the schools and colleges for the health benefits of the students. It helps in improving the student’s skill, concentration level and memory power. This is a game which makes a person physically, mentally and socially healthy and well being. It is a great source of entertainment which refreshes mind and body. It helps a person to tackle all the common problems of daily life.

The game is gaining popularity worldwise. The viewer ship increased whoopingly.

Football is a most popular game of the world even in the modern time. It is a most exciting and challenging game generally played by two teams for the entertainment and enjoyment of the youths. It is also played on competition basis to win the prize in front of judges. Originally, it was played by the villagers (called as Rugby in Italy). According to some experts, it is said that it has its origin in China.

It is played by two teams (eleven members in eåch) aiming to get maximum goals by each other. International contests of this game are played in the duration of 90 minutes (divided in two parts of 45 minutes each. Players take some break (not more than 15 minutes) between two halves of the game. This game is assisted by a referee and two linesmen (conducting the game).

Essay Writing On Value of Time

Time is priceless to everyone; time is free to all however, no one can buy it or sell it. Various incidences of life teach value of time. A student known’s the value of time during examination. A patient values the time during his treatment. One can destroy the time as well as use the time however it is true that one who destroy the time can definitely be destroyed by the time and one who use the time can definitely be blessed by the time. One who loses the time can never get it again.

Time may destroy our health if we do not take our food in timely marmer or take our medicine at right time. Time is like a running river which goes constantly ahead but it never runs back.

We should be very punctual according to the time and do our all work with time. We should wake up at right time, drink water in the morning, get fresh, do brush, take bath, eat breakfast, get prepare, go to school, do class work, eat lunch, come to home, do home work, go to play, read at night, take dinner and sleep at right time. If we do not do our daily routine at right time, we can be back from others in the life. If we want to do something better in life, it needs proper commitment, dedication and full use of time.

Essay Writing On Holiday

Holidays can be scheduled or unscheduled. Its importance never lies. Everyone needs a break from his routine. To refresher up and get rejuvenated. School days are said to be the best part of a person’s life. Though there is a lot of study pressure on the students, it offers a number of other aspects to cherish throughout lives.

Among other things, the summer, winter and autumn breaks that students get during their academic session are the best part of their journey. Students are lucky to get several holidays during the year. They get ample time to relax, indulge in their hobbies and go on holiday trips.

Various MNC’s and corporate sector organize planned holidays on weekend and this revitalized their efficiencies. Saturday and Sunday coupled with one holiday makes for a good weekend outing. Working professionals these days are required to work for 9-10 hours a day.

Such hectic working hours often result in stress and can lead to health issues. Holidays offer a respite from this hectic routine. It is a time to relax and rejuvenate. It is also a time to bond with family and friends. Holidays indeed hold a special importance for every person. Besides indulging in different activities you must also take out enough time to take rest and relax during your holidays. It is also like accumulating memories of various places and moments that would refresh for a life time.

Essay Writing Class 7 Exercises

Questions for Practice

• Rainy season
• My role model, the person I like the most
• Pleasure of reading
• Importance of homework
• Personality development
• Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao
• Punctuality
• National language

We have decided to create the most comprehensive English Summary that will help students with learning and understanding.

A Question of Trust Summary in English by Robert Arthur

A Question of Trust Summary in English

Horace Danby, a fifty-year old man, is a locksmith. Fifteen years ago, he was arrested for stealing jewels. He was quite healthy except for attacks of hay fever in summer. He had a great love for books. In order to buy expensive books he used to rob a safe every year. He planned to rob a house. He studied the house in full detail. Then one day, when every member of the family had gone to the movie he entered the house and opened the safe. While he was wondering whether to collect pictures instead of books, the flowers on the table created trouble for him, as he was allergic towards them. He sneezed. Then, suddenly he heard a voice which enquired about his sneeze. Horace was startled to know that a very pretty lady, who seemed to be the owner, had caught him red-handed. She was ready to set him free on a condition.

She asked him to give her the jewels as she had to attend a party and she had forgotten the code to open it. Horace obeyed her. After some time the police came to arrest him as he had made a mistake of opening the safe without gloves. They were able to arrest him because of his fingerprints. Nobody believed him when he said that the wife of the owner of the house had claimed the jewellery from him. The wife of the owner was an old lady, which made Horace believe that he was befooled by another thief. Since then he did not believe that there is honour among thieves.

A Question of Trust Summary Questions and Answers

Question 1.
How were flowers hindering Horace in his work?
Answer:
Horace suffered from hay fever and was allergic to some flowers. On smelling the flowers, he started sneezing and was caught red-handed by another thief.

Question 2.
Why was it not difficult for Horace to open the safe?
Answer:
It was not difficult for Horace to open the safe because he was a perfect and experienced locksmith. He had collected all the information about the safe before entering the house.

Question 3.
What advice did the lady give Horace regarding his hay fever? Was she really interested in his health?
Answer:
The lady advised Horace that he could find a cure to the hay fever by trying to find which plant gave the disease. She was not interested in his disease or its cure, but she was rather making fun of him.

Question 4.
Why did Horace Danby feel sure of his success in that year’s robbery?
Answer:
Horace Danby felt sure of his success in that year’s robbery too, because he had planned his work carefully. He studied every detail of the house. He had chosen an appropriate place and time for the robbery.

Question 5.
How did Horace manage the small dog when he attempted to rob the house at Shotover Grange?
Answer:
Horace Danby was an expert thief who planned his mission without any fault. When he tried to rob the house in Grange, he encountered a dog. But Horace Danby calmed the dog by calling him by his name.

Question 6.
What story did the lady tell Horace to get the jewels?
Answer:
The lady told Horace an interesting story. She told that her jewels were lying in the safe which she , needed at once. She also told that she had forgotten the numbers to open the safe.

Question 7.
Did Horace get the jewels from the Grange safe? If not, why did the police arrest him?
Answer:
Horace was not able to get any jewels though he stole them. The young lady in red befooled him. But the police arrested him due to his fingerprints on the Grange safe.

Question 8.
How can you say that Horace Danby was good and respectable but not completely honest?
Answer:
Horace Danby was not a typical thief. He used to rob every year enough money to last for twelve months to buy books which he loved to read. He is described as a good and respectable person but not completely honest because he could not curb his habit of stealing a safe every year.

Question 9.
Why did Horace rob every year? Was he a typical thief? If so, why? In what way could Horace’s arrest have helped the lady?
Answer:
He robbed every year enough money to last for twelve months to buy books which he loved to read. No, he was not a typical thief because he used to steal only to buy interesting books.

Question 10.
Did the young lady expect Horace to be caught after the theft?
Answer:
Yes, the young lady knew that Horace would be caught. As he forgot to put on his gloves. Naturally his finger prints would lead the police towards him. Horace’s arrest would not let anyone think that she was the thief. So she was to be benefitted by his arrest.

Type –1

Read the passage given below and write the answer you consider the most appropriate in your answer sheet.

This grammar section explains Online Education English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used. You can also visit the most accurate and elaborate NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English. Every question of the textbook has been answered here. https://ncertmcq.com/unseen-passage-for-class-7/

Read all classes unseen passage with questions and answers in English

Unseen Passage for Class 7 CBSE With Answers Pdf

Unseen Passage 1 for Class 7 CBSE

Read the following passage and Answer: the question that follows.

The Golden Girl

Ever since she burst into the scene by making it to the 1980 Moscow Olympics as a 16 – year old, P. T. Usha’s tall deeds have exemplified Indian sporting excellence. The spirit queen was so consistent for over a decade that she was truly the flag bearer who helped countrymen live the dream of a rare sporting excellence in the international arena.

Hailing from a remote village called Payyoli, Usha became an icon for sport lovers.

She made the nation swell with pride, every time she stepped on to the track. She gave unalloyed joy to her fAnswer: when she became the first Indian woman to make it to Olympic final.

Usha’s greatest moment was also the most shattering in her life as she was pushed to the fourth place in the 400 meters hurdles final at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. The Romanian Christina Cojocaru won the bronze medal. Usha lost by an agonising l/100th of a second. But every Indian household acknowledge the sense of achievement, though it fell short of India’s first Olympic medal from the track. Several girls born during the 1980s were named after the golden girl. It served as an eloquent testimony to the love and affection many people had for Usha.

Usha’s reign as the Asian sprint queen was highlighted by her snapping up five gold medals and a bronze at the 1985 Jakarta Asian track and field meet followed by a sensational four gold medals and one silver haul at the Seoul Asian Games the following year.

Unseen Passage For Class 7

1. Answer the following questions.
a. When did Usha capture the imagination of the entire nation?
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________

b. How did she hefp her countrymen five the dream of a rare sporting excellence?
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________

c. Why were many girls in the mid 80s named after Usha?
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________

d. What was the most shattering moment in the life of Usha?
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________

2. Write the main events that happened in Usha’s life in the following years.
1980 ____________________________________________
1984 ____________________________________________
1985 ____________________________________________
1986 ____________________________________________

Unseen Passage 2 for Class 7 CBSE

Airplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and even hardened travellers are intimidated by them. They also have the grave disadvantage of being the most expensive form of transport but nothing can match them for speed and comfort, travelling at a height of 30,000 feet, far above the clouds, and at over 500 miles an hour is an exMlarating experience. You do not have to devise ways of taking your mind off the journey, for an airplane gets you to your destination rapidly.

For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the flight. The real escapist can watch a free film show and sip a hot or cold drink on some services. But even when such refreshments are not available, there is plenty to keep you occupied. An airplane offers you an unusual breathtaking view of the world. You soar effortlessly over high mountains and deep valleys. You really see the shape of the land.

If the landscape is hidden from view, you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken clouds, plains that stretch out for miles before your while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky. The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to prevent you from reading or sleeping. However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled. You will not have to spend the next few days recovering from a long and arduous journey.

Unseen Passage For Class 7 With Answers Question 1.
The main disadvantage of an air journey is that:
(a) it is very dangerous
(b) it is very expensive
(c) it is very boring
(d) it is a fearsome experience
Answer:
(b) it is very expensive

Unseen Passage For Class 7 With Answers Pdf Question 2.
The best advantage of air journey is that:
(a) you can watch a free film
(b) you can sip hot coffee or tea
(c) you can watch clouds
(d) you don’t feel tired after the journey
Answer:
(d) you don’t feel tired after the journey

Unseen Passage Class 7 Question 3.
Pick out the incorrect statement.
(a) an airplane moves at more than 5oo miles an hour speed
(b) one arrives crumpled at the destination after air journey
(C) one can easily read or sleep during air journey
(d) one can see the shape of land from an aeroplane
Answer:
(b) one arrives crumpled at the destination after air journey

Unseen Passage For Class 7 With Questions And Answers Question 4.
How can one keep oneself busy during air journey
(a) by watching movie
(b) by enjoying the beautiful sights outside
(c) by reading and sleeping
(d) all the above
Answer:
(d) all the above

Passage For Class 7 Question 5.
Which of the following is a synonym for intimidated
(a) terrified
(b) excited
(c) bored
(d) none of above
Answer:
(a) terrified

Unseen Passage For Class 7 With Questions And Answers Icse Question 6.
The exhilarating experience that the author talks about is
(a) travelling at a height of
(b) travelling above the clouds
(c) travelling at a speed of more than 500 miles an hour
(d) all the above
Answer:
(d) all the above

Unseen Passage For Class 7th Question 7.
After an airplane journey, you do not have to spend time recovering because:
(a) it has been a long and arduous journey
(b) you travelled above the clouds
(c) you feel fresh and uncrumpled
(d) you spent time reading books or sipping coffee
Answer:
(c) you feel fresh and uncrumpled

Unseen Passage 3 for Class 7 CBSE

Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

1. Without oil the modern world could not exist. Oil is needed for travel, because it powers our motor cars, buses, trains, aeroplanes and ships. Oil helps machines of all kinds, to run easily. Oil also gives us other substances, such as artificial rubber, artificial materials for clothing, and new materials for making things. Yet till a hundred years ago no one used oil for any of these purposes. In fact, no one knew that much oil existed.

2. Men do not make oil; they find it. They look for oil in many ways. They begin by making a map of the land where they are searching. Then they use the map to help them in choosing a site to explore with more care. They start their work by examining the rock from under the surface and come to know whether oil is likely to be underneath the rock.

3. To find out how deeply the oil is buried they need to know how far under the surface the rock is. If everything seems hopeful the men decide to drill down through the rock. In this way they find out whether oil really does lie underneath it. Often this test – well, as it is called, is far away from any town and there is much work to do before any drilling starts. Houses and roads must be built for the people coming to drill the test – well. Then the big derrick that carries the drill must be put up. This derrick is a strong framework of steel about 45 meters high. The drill is raised and lowered from inside the derrick.

4. Drilling for oil often means making a well that goes very deep into the earth. Such deep wells have never been made until modern times. The rate of drilling depends upon the kind of rock being drilled: it can be as fast as 60 meters an hour. Drilling is usually done on dry land, but we can also drill the rock under lakes or seas by putting the derrick on a special platform above the water.

Class 7 Unseen Passage

Read the above passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

1. How is oil useful to machines?
2. How do men go about looking for oil?
3. Drilling for oil often means _________
4. The rate of drilling depends upon _________
5. Drilling is usually done on _________
6. To find out how deeply the oil is buried we need to _________
7. Find the words from the passage which mean:
a. make a hole (para 3)
b. a kind of crane with a movable pivoted arm. (para 3)

Unseen Passage 4 for Class 7 CBSE

There was a strong breeze, which is unusual during a winter night in Gujarat. The sugarcane swayed wildly under a moonless sky. I pulled my jacked around me and adjusted my binoculars.

“You won’t need them. It will come right down there, next to the cow,” village leader Hitesh Patel whispered in my ears. I felt like asking him if it was safe on the roof where we were perched, but then Vitthal Vasava signaled from the cow shed below. “It seems to be coming from the riverside,” he said. “You will see it any moment. Stay still and don’t make any noise or you’ll invite trouble [9],” Hitesh reminded me. Another couple of minutes passed, and then a leopard leaped out from behind the shed and made its way towards a cow that was chained to a tree nearby.

As the leopard closed to within ten metres, it seemed there would be no escape for the cow. However, what I saw was something else – totally baffling. As if enacting a character from Rudyard Kipling’s Jungle Book, the cat ducked under the cow’s neck, stretched out lazily and began to purr. At first the cow ignored its companion but eventually gave in to the feline’s playful nudges[16] and started licking its fur as if it was one of its calves. It started pushing the cow’s belly and after a while, crept under her neck and lay there as if resting. Then it stood up and slowly walked back to the riverside.

What could have caused this extraordinary behaviour[20]? It turned out that, about three years ago, a female leopard had given birth to two cubs in a sugarcane field. The villagers had spotted the family and had brought it to the Noticeof the forest officials. A few months later, a female leopard was captured in the area and taken to the zoo. There was no report of the cubs. The people believed the leopard that has been frequenting the village every night and playing with the cow might be one of the two cubs. “It’s possible that this leopard cub would have seen the cow, and became imprinted on it,” Hitesh Patel sug gested.

Unseen Passage For Class 7 Worksheet Question 1.
What were the men doing on the roof?
(a) They were enjoying the winter night in Gujarat
(b) They wanted to have a good view of Vitthal Vasava
(c) They wanted to keep a safe distance from the leopard.
(d) They wanted to look at the leopard from a safe distance.
Answer:
(d) They wanted to look at the leopard from a safe distance.

Unseen Passage For Class 7 In English With Answers Question 2.
What kind of “trouble” (line 9) was Hitesh referring to?
(a) The men falling from the roof
(b) The leopard attacking the cow
(c) The men being attacked by the leopard
(d) The leopard ducking under the cow’s neck.
Answer:
(c) The men being attacked by the leopard

Unseen Comprehension For Class 7 Question 3.
Why was the writer puzzled?
(a) The leopard purred like a cat
(b) The leopard did not kill the cow
(c) The cow licked the leopard’s fur
(d) The leopard pushed the cow’s belly
Answer:
(b) The leopard did not kill the cow

Question 4.
What was the cow’s reaction to the leopard’s “playful nudges” in line 16?
(a) The cow was loving
(b) The cow was pleased
(c) The cow was irritated
(d) The cow was terrified
Answer:
(a) The cow was loving

Question 5.
What do you think caused the leopard to behave in such an “extraordinary behavior”?
(a) The leopard had seen the cow before.
(b) The leopard enjoyed playing with the cow
(c) The leopard treated the cow like its own kind Boere:
(d) The leopard had been frequenting the village every night.
Answer:
(c) The leopard treated the cow like its own kind Boere:

Unseen Passage 5 for Class 7 CBSE

Water Wonders Try the following experiment showing condensation.
You will need

• a transparent drinking glass
• some ice–cubes

Step 1: Fill the glass three–quarters full with water.
Step 2: Add the ice–cubes to the water until the water level is close to the top.

Step 3: Leves the glass until water droplets form on the outside of the glass.

Explanation: The water droplets on the outside of the glass come from the air. As the air outside the glass. cools, the water vapour in the air condenses and water droplets are formed.

Question 1.
In the experiment, you will need a ________ glass.
(a) clear
(b) tinted
(c) opaque
(d) patterned
Answer:
(a) clear

Question 2.
The glass should be three–quarters full so that ________.
(a) water can disappear from the glass
(b) the ice cubes can float on the surface of the water
(c) water will not overflow when the ice cubes are added
(d) water droplets can be formed on the outside of the glass
Answer:
(c) water will not overflow when the ice cubes are added

Question 3.
The diagrams have been included with the instructions so that the reader ________.
(a) knows the order of the steps
(b) knows the goals of the experiment
(c) can prepare the materials needed
(d) is clear and understands the steps easily
Answer:
(d) is clear and understands the steps easily

Question 4.
The list of materials in the instructions helps to ________.
(a) fill the page
(b) test our reading skills
(c) prepare for the experiment
(d) give us the aim of the experiment
Answer:
(c) prepare for the experiment

Question 5.
The text is written using mainly the ________.
(a) verbs in the imperative nouns
(b) action verbs…adjectives
(c) simple present tense…first person pronoun
(d) simple past tense…third person pronoun
Answer:
(a) verbs in the imperative. nouns

Unseen Passage 6 for Class 7 CBSE

Read the following poem carefully and answer the questions that follow.

The Why Of Books
Books are not a lie but true,
they give you the knowledge
of honesty and cruelty.
They tell you about history,
in which there is always a mystery.
They can make your career,
which will not lead to any failure.
They give you a way and never say to away!
They are the oceans of wisdom,
which will make you one day
the master of kingdom.
Knowledge is big, like the sky,
which always goes high and high.
So books always lead to a right way,
and will never take you on a wrong way.
‘Coz they are your true friends.

Choose the most appropriate option.

(a) What do books provide us?
(i) knowledge of honesty
(ii) knowledge of cruelty
(iii) both (1) & (2)
(iv) neither (1) nor (2)

(b) What do books tell us about?
(i) History
(ii) Geography
(iii) Mathematics (iv). English

(c) Books are the vast
(i) oceans of evil
(ii) oceans of wisdom
(iii) oceans to do wrong deeds
(iv) oceans of cruelty

(d) Books lead us to
(i) a wrong path
(ii) a right path
(iii) a crooked path
(iv) a thorny path

(e) According to the poet books are our
(i) true enemies
(ii) false enemies
(iii) true friends
(iv) false friends

Unseen Passage 7 for Class 7 CBSE
Homeopathy is a form of alternative medicine, first proposed by German physician Samuel Hahnemann in 1796, that attempts to treat patients with heavily diluted medicines. Homeopathic remedies are prepared by serial dilution with shaking by forceful striking, which homeopaths term succession after each dilution under the assumption that this increases the effect of the treatment. Homeopaths call this process potentization. Dilution often continues until none of the original substance remains. Homeopathic reference books known as repertories are then consulted, and a remedy is selected based on the totality of symptoms.

Homeopathic remedies are considered safe, but are criticized for putting patients at risk due to advice against conventional medicine such as vaccinations, anti-malarial drugs, and antibiotics. Depending on the dilution, homeopathic remedies may not contain any pharmacologically active molecules, and for such remedies to have a pharmacological effect would violate fundamental principles of science.

Modern homeopaths have proposed that water has a memory that allows homeopathic preparations to work without any of the original substance; however, there are no verified observations or scientifically plausible physical mechanisms for such a phenomenon. The lack of convincing scientific evidence supporting homeopathy’s efficacy and its use of remedies lacking active ingredients have caused homeopathy to be described as pseudoscience.

Unseen Passage Multiple Choice Questions for Class 7 CBSE

Question 1.
Homeopathy treats patients with:
(a) Heavy medicine
(b) strong medicine
(c) diluted medicine
(d) concentrated medicine
Answer:
(c) diluted medicine

Question 2.
Homeopathic remedies are prepared by serial dilution with shaking by forceful striking, the procedure is known as
(a) succession
(b) potentization
(c) dilution
(d) convention
Answer:
(a) succession

Question 3.
A report of UK states that homeopathy is not more useful than a placebo because after dilution the medicine don’t contain any.
(a) chemical
(b) acid
(c) pharmacologically active substance
(d) vaccine against diseases
Answer:
(c) pharmacologically active substance

Question 4.
Homeopathy is also termed as pseudoscience because:
(a) it is based on false notions effectiveness
(b) it lacks scientific evidence on its
(c) it has side effects
(d) it is a slow treatment
Answer:
(b) it lacks scientific evidence on its

Question 5.
The word in the passage which means the same as the facts /objects that make you believe that something is true:
(a) pharmacology
(b) placebo
(c) accredited
(d) evidence
Answer:
(d) evidence

Unseen Passage 8 for Class 7 CBSE
I lay in sorrow, in deep distress;
My grief a proud man heard;
His looks were cold, he gave me gold,
But not a kindly word
My sorrow passed – I paid him back
The gold he gave to me;
Then stood erect and spoke my thanks
And blessed his charity.

I lay in want, and grief and pain;
A poor man passed my way,
He bound my head, he gave me bread,
He watched me night and day.
How shall I pay him back again
For all he did to me?
Oh, gold is great, but greater far
Is heavenly sympathy.

Question 1.
How did the proud man help the poet when he was in deep distress’?
(a) He gave him jewels
(b) He took him home
(c) He gave some money
(d) He pitied the poet
Answer:
(c) He gave some money

Question 2.
What was it he did not give the poet?
(a) money
(b) gold
(c) food
(d) sympathy.
Answer:
(d) sympathy.

Question 3.
How did the poor man take care of the poet?
(a) The poor man gave him some money and food
(b) The poor man gave gold and kind words
(c) The poor man gave food to the poet and took care of him day and night
(d) He took the poet home and bound his head which was hurt
Answer:
(c) The poor man gave food to the poet and took care of him day and night

Question 4.
Which of the following statements is not true?
(a) The poet repaid his debt to the proud man by thanking him
(b) The poor man blessed the charity of the poet
(c) When the poet was in sorrow he was given money
(d) The poet says he cannot repay the poor man for his sympathy
Answer:
(b) The poor man blessed the charity of the poet

Question 5.
Which word in the poem means “giving money to a person who is in need”?
(a) charity
(b) sympathy
(c) kindness
(d) distress
Answer:
(a) charity

Unseen Passage 9 for Class 7 CBSE
Weavers, weaving at break of day,
Why do you weave a garment so gay?
Blue as the wing of a bluebird wild,
We weave the robes of a new–born child.
Weavers, weaving at fall of night,
Why do you weave a garment so bright?

Like the plumes of a peacock, purple and green,
We weave the marriage–veils of a queen.
Weavers, weaving solemn and still,
What do you weave in the moonlight chill?
White as a feather and white as a cloud,
We weave a dead man’s funeral shroud.

Question 1.
What do the weavers weave in the early morning?
(a) a bright blue cloth
(b) a dull grey cloth
(c) a soft white cloth
(d) a red coloured veil
Answer:
(a) a bright blue cloth

Question 2.
The ______ is purple and green coloured. .
(a) dress of the weavers
(b) dress of a newborn child
(c) the queen’s marriage veil
(d) the robe of a king
Answer:
(c) the queen’s marriage veil

Question 3.
Whom does the poet address in the poem?
(a) weavers
(b) children
(c) queens
(d) all the above
Answer:
(a) weavers

Question 4.
What do the weavers weave in the chilly moonlight?
(a) a garment light as a feather
(b) a garment meant to cover a dead man
(c) a garment to keep away the chill
(d) a garment to wrap a newborn child in
Answer:
(b) a garment meant to cover a dead man

Question 5.
The three stages of life mentioned in the poem are ___________
(a) infancy, childhood and senility
(b) infancy, youth and death
(c) infancy, adolescence, middle age
(d) childhood, adulthood and senility
Answer:
(b) infancy, youth and death

Type – II

Read the passage given below and write the answer you consider the most appropriate in your answer sheet.

Unseen Passage 1 for Class 7 CBSE

You may have heard of 3–D movies. You may have even seen one. The D in 3–D stands for dimensional. A dimension is a direction that something can be measured. Flat things can be measured in two ways. They can be measured by length and by width. That’s why flat things are sometimes called 2–D or two–dimensional. Three–dimensional things can be measured in three ways. They can be measured by length and width like flat things. They can also be measured by their height. Height is what lets them come up off the paper or the screen. Three–dimensional shapes in math are called solids. Let’s look at some of the most common solids.

A cube has six square sides. The sides are called faces

A rectangular prism has six sides that are all shaped like rectangles.

A sphere is shaped like Earth. It is also like a playground ball.

A square pyramid has a square on the bottom, and four triangle-shaped sides.

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. What is a dimension?
2. How can flat, two–dimensional things be measured?
3. What are three–dimensional shapes called in math?
4. What shape are the sides of a cube?
5. What does a sphere look like?
Answer:
1. The direction something can be measured
2. length and Width
3. solids
4. Squares
5. like the earth or a ball

Unseen Passage 2 for Class 7 CBSE

People moan about poverty as a great evil and it seems to be an accepted belief that if people had plenty of money, they would be happy, and get more out of life. As a rule there is more genuine satisfaction in life and more is obtained from life in the humble cottage of the poor man than in the palace of rich men, who are attended by servants and governesses at a later stage. At the same time I am glad to think they do not know what they have missed.

It is because I know how sweet and happy and pure the home of honest poverty is, how free from perplexing care and social envies and jealousies, how loving and united the members are in the common interest of supporting the family that I sympathies with the rich man’s boy and congratulate the poor man’s son. It is for these reasons that from the ranks of the poor so many strong eminent self–reliant men have sprung. If you read the list of the “Immortals who were not born to die” you will find that most of them have been poor.

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. What is the popular notion about poverty?
2. Where can one get more genuine satisfaction in life?
3. Why does the author pity the rich man’s.boy?
4. Find two other words in the passage with similar meanings to ‘confusing and self–dependent.
5. How has the author compared rich with the poor? What is his conclusion?
Answer:
1. The popular notion about poverty is that it is a great evil.
2. One can get more genuine satisfaction in life in the humble cottage of the poor man.
3. The author pities the rich man’s boy because he does not know the sweetness, happiness and purity of honest poverty.
4. The word ‘perplexed’ means ‘confusing’ and the word ‘self–reliant’ means self–dependent.
5. The author feels that more genuine satisfaction is obtained from life in the humble cottage of the poor man than in the palace of rich men who are attended by servants and governesses. He knows first hand how sweet and happy and pure the home of honest poverty is. The poor man is free from social envies. The members of a poor family are united, loving and share a common interest in being supportive to each other. The rich boy does not know these pleasures.

Unseen Passage 3 for Class 7 CBSE

Character is destiny. Character is that on which the destiny of a nation is built. One cannot have a great nation with men of small character. We must have young men and women who look upon others as the living image of themselves as our Shastras have so often declared. But whether in public life or student life, we cannot reach great heights, if we are lacking in character. We cannot climb the mountain when the ground at our feet is crumbling.

When the very basis of our structure is shaky how can we reach the heights we have set before ourselves? We must all have humility. Here is a country in which we are all interested in building up for whatever service we take up, we should not care for what we receive. We should know how much we can put into that service. That should be the principle that should animate our young men and women. Ours is a great country, we have had for centuries a great history. The whole of the East reflects our culture.

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.

1. What is the passage about?
2. What kind of young men and women must we have?
3. How can we reach the great heights we have set before ourselves?
4. Why is ours a great country?
5. Find the synonyms for the words/phrases from the above passage.
(a) break a fall apart into small fragments
(b) the quality of a modest view
Answer:
1. This passage deals with the importance of character formation in moulding the destiny of our nation.
2. We must have young men and women who look upon others as the living images of themselves as our Shastras have so often declared.
3. We can reach the great heights we have set before ourselves if our character is built on a strong foundation of sterling qualities.
4. Ours is a great country with a history that goes back for centuries. Its rich cultural heritage makes it unique. It has also contributed a great deal to the world of knowledge and culture.
5. (a) crumbling (b) humility

Unseen Passage 4 for Class 7 CBSE

From Rameswaram to the Rashtrapati Bhavan, it’s been a long journey. Taking to Nona Walia on the eve of Teacher’s Day, President Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam talks about life’s toughest lessons learnt and his mission be ing a teacher to the Indian youth. “A proper education would help nurture a sense of dignity and self–respect among our youth,” says President Kalam. There’s still a child in him though, and he’s still curious about learning new things. Life’s a mission for President Kalam. Nonetheless, he remembers his first lesson in life and how it changed his destiny.

“I was studying in Standard V and must have been all of 10. My teacher, Sri Sivasubramania Iyer was telling how birds fly. He drew a diagram of a bird on the blackboard, depicting the wings, tail and the body with the head and then explained how birds soar to the sky. At the end of the class, I said I didn’t understand. Then he asked the other students if they had understood, but nobody had understood how birds fly,” he recalls.

“That evening, the entire class was taken to Rameshwaram shore,” the President continues, “My teacher showed us sea birds. We saw marvellous formations of them flying and how their wings flapped. Then my teacher asked us, ‘Where is the bird’s engine and how is it powered?’ I knew then that birds are powered by their own life and motivation. I understood all about birds’ dynamics.”

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. When did Nona Walia talk to the President Dr. A. P.J. Abdul Kalam?
2. What did the teacher draw on the blackboard?
3. What did Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam learn when the entire class was taken to the Rameswaram shore?
4. (a) Give the antonyms of:
(i) remembers
(ii) toughest.

(b) Which words in the passage mean the following
(i) fate
(ii) forces that produce movement.

5. What inspiration do you gain after reading about Dr. Kalam’s experiences as a student?
Answer:
1. Nona Walia spoke to the President Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam on the eve of Teacher’s Day.
2. The teacher drew a detailed diagram of a bird on the blackboard showing the wings, tail and the body with the head.
3. He learnt that birds were powered by their own life and motivation.
4. (a) (i) forgets
(ii) easiest.

(b) (i) destiny
(ii) motivation.

5. This passage teaches us that one must have a craving to learn more and more in life. I also learnt that by asking questions we can learn more. If we don’t understand a particular concept, we must ask the teacher and not keep the doubts to ourselves.

Unseen Passage 5 for Class 7 CBSE

There is something disarming about Maria Sharapova, something at odds with her ready smile and glamor ous attire. And that something in her lifted her on Monday, 22 August 2005 to the world number one position in women’s tennis. All this happened in almost no time. Poised beyond her years, the Siberian born teenager took just four years as a professional to reach the pinnacle. However, the rapid ascent in a fiercely competitive world began nine years before with a level of sacrifice few children would be prepared to endure.

Little Maria had not yet celebrated her tenth birthday when she was packed off to train in the United States. That trip to Florida with her father Yuri launched her on the path to success and stardom. But it also required a heart wrenching two–year separation from her mother Yelena. The latter was compelled to stay back in Siberia because of visa restrictions. The nine–year–old girl had already learnt an important lesson in life–that tennis excellence would only come at a price.

“I used to be so lonely,” Maria Sharapova recalls. “I missed my mother terribly. My father was working as much as he could to keep my tennis–training going. So, he couldn’t see me either”. “Because I was so young, I used to go to bed at 8 p.m. The other tennis pupils would come in at 11 p.m. and wake me up and order me to tidy up the room and clean it.” “Instead of letting that depress me, I became more quietly determined and mentally tough. I learnt how to take care of myself.

I never thought of quitting because I knew what I wanted. When you come from nothing and you have nothing, then it makes you very hungry and determined… I would have put up with much more humiliation and insults than that to steadfastly pursue my dream.”

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. How many year did Sharapova take to reach the pinnacle as a professional?
2. Whom did Maria Sharapova miss terribly? Why?
3. What penalty did Maria Sharapova have to pay, being younger than the other players?
4. What qualities of Maria Sharapova would you like to see inculcated by every sportsman in the competitive world of sports? Answer:
1. Sharapova took just four years to reach the pinnacle.
2. Sharapova missed her mother Yelena terribly as she could not accompany her during her training phase in the United States due to visa restrictions.
3. Being younger than the other players, Maria Sharapova had to face humiliation and insults from the senior players in the form of cleaning the rooms.
4. Every sportsman must inculcate certain qualities in order to reach the pinnacle of success. He must be very brave and tough as there is cut-throat competition. He must be hungry for success and must possess the 3 Ds – dedication, determination and devotion. And last but not the least must have a ‘never say die’ attitude.

Unseen Passage 6 for Class 7 CBSE

Nicholas Chorier is not your usual photographer. He is a kite aerial photographer. He uses a kite to hoist his camera into the skies and clicks photographs while the camera dangles precariously mid–air. As a teenager, Nicholas had two passions – photography and kite flying. During a trip to India to make a photo report on kite making, he learnt about this unique style of photography. Fascinated, he literally tied his two hobbies together for a living. Nicholas learnt to make strong kites modelled on the Japanese kites, Rokkaku that could endure harsh winds. A novice in his chosen field, he then set out to train himself.

Today he is one of the most well–known kite aerial photographers in the world. The technique is to tie a cradle containing the photogra phy equipment to the string of the kite and then fly it, thus launching the camera into air. From the ground, Nicholas manipulates the angles of the camera with a remote. An air–to–ground video link enables him to see the view from the kite’s vantage point. Once satisfied with the frame, he clicks a picture. However, the job does have its pitfalls too.

Once, his kite disappeared in the Yamuna river, with his expensive camera in tow. He is especially fond of India, having made a couple of trips and taken many spectacular photos. “India is too vast and beautiful a country to be captured through the lenses in one life” he says. He recently released a book, Kite’s Eye View: India between Earth and Sky. Though it includes photographs of off taken sites like the Taj Mahal, it shows them from a totally different perspective.

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. What were Nicholas’s two passions?
2. How does Nicholas take aerial photographs?
3. What is ‘Rokkaku”?
4. (a) India is too vast a country to be captured through the lenses. (Remove too ……. and rewrite)
(b) Nicholas learnt to make strong kites. (Rewrite using past perfect tenses)
5. What risks do aerial photographers face?
Answer:
1. Nicholas’s two passions are photography and kite flying.
2. Nicholas takes aerial photographs by tying a cradle containing the camera to the string of a kite and flying it, manipulating the angles of the camera with a remote and uses air to ground video link to see the view and then clicks the picture.
3. Rokkaku is a Japanese kite that could endure harsh winds.
4. (a) India is so vast a country that it cannot be captured through the lenses.
(b) Nicholas had learnt to make strong kites.
5. The risk of losing their expensive camera or other photographic equipments is faced by aerial photographers.

Unseen Passage 7 for Class 7 CBSE

Maria Montessori was born in Chiaravalle, in Italy on 31st August 1870. In spite of discouragement from all quarters, Maria became the first woman medical graduate from the University of Rome. In those days women were not enrolled at medical colleges. After her medical education she was made in charge of an Institute for mentally retarded children. In those days people believed that mentally retarded should not learn anything. So, no one taught them anything even simple things like attending to their needs and changing their dresses.

During her work in the institution, Maria observed these children very carefully and saw that these children seemed to find out for themselves about many things. They would reach out for anything they found, turn it around, see its shape, etc. She concluded that, given proper training and attention, these children could be taught to take care of basic needs and also some of them could pass the reading and writing test as ordinary children. Maria taught the children to distinguish between colours, sound, smells and tastes. She made frames with button holes and buttons to teach children how to tie shoe laces.

Her methods worked well and soon the children were able to do many things on their own. Maria thought that her method could be extended to be useful to ordinary children too. So, Maria opened the first school in the slums of Rome for children between three and six years. She called her school” Casa Di Bambini (Italian for “Children’s House”). She applied her medical and psychological knowledge and experience for proper training of normal children.

She noted that when a child is really interested in the exercise he had chosen, he would become completely absorbed and could not be distracted. The child, thus, learnt from actually what it was doing. Dr. Maria found that children were ready for different tasks at different stages and that they needed the right exercise at the right state. A Montessori teacher’s job was not to tell children what to do but to recognise in what state the child was and to guide him.

Also, children should be free to move about. They should not be pinned to their seats. Children became self–reliant and independent with this method. The children were not given any punishment in a Montessori School because even if a child behaved badly at first, when he became engrossed in the activity of his choice, he would be quiet and settle down. Maria believed that all human beings passed through certain set stages of psychological development. Differences were mainly because of the opportunities offered by the environment in which they were brought up as a child.

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. Where was Maria Montessori born?(Choose the correct answer and rewrite it)
2. Where did Maria open the first school for normal children?
3. What does “Casa Di Bambini” mean in the passage?
4. When is a child completely absorbed in learning things, according to Maria?
5. How did her method of teaching become effective on children?
6. Why are the children not given punishment?
Answer:
1. Maria Montessori was born in Chiaravalle, in Italy.
2. Maria opened the first school for normal children in the slums of Rome.
3. “Casa Di Bambini” in the passage means Children’s House
4. A child is completely absorbed in learning things when it is really interested in the exercise it had chosen.
5. Her method of teaching made children become self–reliant and independent. 6. The children are not given punishment because even if they behaved badly at first, when they became engrossed in the activity of their choice, they would be quiet and settle down.

Unseen Passage 8 for Class 7 CBSE

It was a hot day. The sun scorched down and everywhere you looked, you could see the heat waves rippling above the sand. John groaned and rolled over, realizing that half of his body was well and truly burnt. He had not meant to doze off in the sun but the heat and late nights studying for his examinations has just crept up on him. Stretching, he got to his feet, picked up his boogie board and looked around. The beach, which earlier had been–jam-packed with people the sun, was now comparatively empty. Seagulls swooped down to clean up the remnants of people’s picnic lunches.

The ice-cream van had vanished, as had the lifeguards. John looked up to where the sun was and estimated it was about five o’clock. Time to head home. It was ‘Mum’s Kitchen Rule’ that had him moving homewards. If he did not get home in time for dinner, he would go hungry. Wandering along the water’s edge, kicking at the foam, he happened to glance out to sea. What made him look up at that particular moment, he never knew, but it was the right time for the swimmer he spotted. His hand was up, signaling distress and he was calling out something,

Quickly John glanced around the beach – no one else was close enough to help the man. Cupping his hands to his mouth, he shouted “Help” to get the attention of other people on the beach. Someone waved back to him and John pointed to the swimmer. “Get help,” he shouted. Then without hesitation, he plunged into the sea with his boogie board trailing behind him. John was a strong swimmer and had a good stamina for distance swimming. His coach had tried hard to persuade him to go into competitions but he was not interested.

Now he was swimming for more than enjoyment or medals… he was swimming to save someone’s life. His strokes were strong as he cut through the water. “I must be close to him now,” he thought. Then he heard the man cry. “Help me, I’ve got cramp.” As John reached him, he started to reassure him, “It’s OK, mister. I’ll get you to shore.” “Easier said than done,” John thought to himself. “This man’s big.” He helped the man get on his board. The man was exhausted and weak but he clung to the front of the boogie board and that was all he seemed capable of doing. “His leg must still be cramped.

Fortunately, the sea is not rough and there’s no wave,” John thought as he started swimming back to shore, towing the board behind him. As he reached the shallow water, willing hands appeared to help carry the man ashore. He sat down and began to recover his breath. A small crowd had gathered around the swimmer. “They must know what they are doing,” John thought, reaching for his board and standing up. Feeling tired. but better than he had ever felt in his life before, he figured that since no one needed him, he had better get home before he missed out on his dinner. No one noticed him leave.

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. Why was John sun burnt at the beach that day?
2. From the passage, what were two things the people who went to the beach did?
3. What kitchen rule do you think John’s mother set for John?
4. How do we know that John was not wearing a watch then?
5. Why did John look around the beach after sporting the swimmer in trouble?
Answer:
1. He fell asleep under the hot sun. / He had dozed off in the sun.
2. They sunbathed/picnicked/swam/ate ice–cream.
3. He had to be home at/by a certain time.
4. He had to look at where the sun was to estimate the time.
5. He wanted to see if there was anyone who might help save the swimmer.

Unseen Passage 9 for Class 7 CBSE

He drank. When he could not drink anymore, they forced his mouth and stuck the tube in it, and he was forced to drink or drown. He could hear the cries of a man and the screams of another man nearby. He himself could not scream. He writhed in pain and thought he would explode. Blacking out was the best thing he could do. My family was silent after my uncle spoke. I remembered my uncle before he was taken away. A well–built man with a big hug and hearty laugh, he was an amateur pilot and loved to play with radios. I was told that was a crime to the Japanese and so he was taken away. He survived one and a half months in torture, but it left its terrible scar on him.

I went forward and held his calloused hand. My uncle has large hands– he was a very good tennis player– these hands now shook even as he held a glass of water. His once smiley face had aged ten years. And again, i caught him staring at nothing. As my mother pulled me back beside her, a thought occured to me. “Is making toys a crime?” I whispered to mother. We has no toys to play with, and i made my own out of yellow mud near our house. “Shush,” Mother said. “Do you really want to stay in Singapore?” my uncle asked Father. You’re a wanted man.

It’s very dangerous here for you and your family. Once they get word that the legal adviser to the Chinese government is here, they’d come and get you.” “I know,” said Father. “But we have decided to stay. Gary needs treatment. We cannot go.” A month ago, Father told my sister, two brothers and I that we were going on a cruise to India or Australia. That was before the Japanese came. Then my eldest brother broke his leg in a cycling accident.

“Don’t worry about us,” said Father. “We were never removed from the ship’s passenger list. On record we’re on board the ship towards India. The chief clerk to the Kempeitai (Secret Police) is a friend of mine and he has shown them that we’d left the country and got my name deleted from the wanted list. The Japanese thinks we’ve left Singapore.” “But if someone knew about you and went to them…” My uncle faltered. “In fact, someone does know. I’ve paid him his price.” “It’d never stop! You’d be found out!” my uncle grasped Father’s arm.

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. Who are “they’ in paragraph one?
2. Which phrase in paragraph one has the same meaning as losing consciousness?
3. Why was the author’s uncle arrested?
4. What does “it” in paragraph 3 refer to?
5. How do we know that the torture had greatly weakened the author’s uncle?
Answer:
1. It refers to the Japanese soldiers.
2. The phrase is ‘Blacking Out
3. He played with radios which was a crime to the Japanese
4. The word “it’ refers to the torture of the authors’ uncle.
5. His hands shook even as he held a glass of water

Unseen Passage 10 for Class 7 CBSE

Each year, between May and September, more than a thousand leatherback turtles make the arduous journey across the Pacific to lay their eggs along the stretch of beach near Kuala Trengganu at the Malaysia. Throngs of tourists make a pilgrimage there to witness this awesome ritual.

In the murkiness of midnight, people huddle together on the coold sand. They speak in whispers. Suddenly, their guide raises a hand and everyone understands the cue. In total silence, they wait and when he points in a direction, their gazes follow. About a hundred metres away from the congregation, in the dim light of half moon, a massive form emerges from the water and lurches across the sand. With monumental effort, the creature heaves itself up towards the dunes, halthing now and then in exhaustion. Then, twenty metres away from them, the plodding thumps cease.

The creature is a giant leatherback turtle, drawn by some strange instinct to deposit her eggs along this particular stretch of beach. She emerges from the sea, nervous and excitable. She is now wholly engrossed in the preparation. She sweeps the sand with her powerful front flippers. Then she positions her tail over the narrow crevice and begins to lay her eggs. People touch the smooth black skin and children pose for pictures on her back. Oblivious to all these, the creature continues depositing her eggs while her eyes stream with tears. The leatherback is becoming an endangered species.

Sea creatures pose danger to the population. Some of the hatchlings fall prey to them but humans are deadlier. With them, the eggs do not even get to become hatchlings. It is not unheard of to have an entire nest wiped out of its eggs. At Pantai Penyu (Turtle Beach) the Malaysian government maintains a hatchery to protect them. A quota system limits the number of eggs which local residents may collect. The rest are guarded at the hatchery until they become hatchlings and are ready to return to where they belong. The giant leatherback is still dropping eggs into the hole.

Two employees of the hatchery now join the circle of tourists. When the great creature has deposited the last of her ninety-odd eggs, she lunges aside, covering the hole with a few scoops of sand. Then she turns towards the water and labours once again across the sand in agonizing thrists. The crowd trails her to ther surf while the two men start work. Then, the leatherback, regaining her grace, disappears into the water.

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. Who are the people who “huddle” (line 5) together?
2. In the sentence “Suddenly, their guide raises a hand and everyone understands the cue” (line 6 – 7), what do they understand?
3. What does the phrase “with monumental effort” (line 11) tell you about the way the turtle moves along the sand.
4. Does the author know why the turtles choose to lay their eggs along the beach at Kuala Trengganu? Which phrase tells you that?
5. Who does the word “them” in line 23 refer to?
Answer:
1. They are the people who want to witness the turtles lay their eggs
2. They understand that they have to keep quiet.
3. It tells me that the turtle moves with great difficulty.
4. No, the author does not know. The phrase is “by some strange instinct”.
5. It refers to humans

Unseen Passage 11 for Class 7 CBSE

Even as a child, Dr William Tan refused to be the victim. He was struck by polio when he was two and could not walk or run. In kindergarten, the bullies started hitting him. “They were very nasty to me. They would hit me on the head and run away. And I couldn’t go after them,” he recalled.

Dr Tan’s make–the–most–of–what–you–have attitude explains why he is what he is today: a doctor, a neuroscientist, a Frulbright scholar, a Raffles scholar and also the first paraplegic to complete 10 marathons in 7 continents in 70 days.

This latest feat – which he is submitting to the Guinness World Records for consideration – is all the more amazing since he travelled alone, often staying in small travel lodges without facilities for the disabled. There were obstacles aplenty. In Antartica, he got stuck in mud; in Arizona, he neary broke his hand when it got caught in the wheel; in Amsterdam, he injured his right chest going over cobblestone; and in Bangkok, he nearly missed the start due to traffic jam.

Dr Tan said candidly, “There were moments when I thought of giving up because it was too tough. And then other things came to my mind. I had trained very hard for each race – 450 push ups a day, going to the gymna sium – there was too much to lose.” Another thought kept him going, “I recalled that I started this challenge to raise money for cancer.” In 1980, he became the first Singaporean to complete a Marathon in a wheelchair. Since then, he has been in many marathons, won nunmerous medals and raised $14 million for charity.

He became a wheelchair athelete only in the late 1970s after meeting with Mr Wahid Baba, an ex–police officer who pioneered wheelchair sports in Singapore. “That opened a whole new horizon in my life. I loved it. I loved having to push and push and push,” Dr Tan said. Still, the marathon veteran admits his latest feat is the toughest thing he has ever done. “Previously, I was able to pick which marathons I wanted to do, but for the world record attempt, I just had to take whichever fit into my schedule,” he said.

He is also keeping mum about his next world record attempt next month. “If I announce it, someone in the United States or United Kingdom might do it next week and then it will be gone.”

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. What did the bullies do to Dr William Tan when he was in kindergarten?
2. What made Dr William Tan’s latest feat the toughest?
3. How does Dr William Tan prepare himself before every marathon?
4. Which word in the passage aptly describes Dr William Tan as an experienced marathon paraplegic?
5. Would you consider Dr William Tan an outstanding sportsman? State one reason to support your answer.
Answer:
1. They hit Dr William Tan on the head and ran away.
2. Dr William Tan travelled alone and often stayed in small travel lodges without facilities for the disabled.
3. He would do 450 pushups a day and go to the gymnasium.
4. The word is “veteran”.
5. Yes, I would consider Dr William Tan an outstanding sportsman. He was on a wheelchair but he still competed on many marathons.

Unseen Passage Practice Questions for Class 7 CBSE

Unseen Passage 1 for Class 7 CBSE

Native American Indian groups in North America lived in different cultural regions, each of which developed its own customs and traditions. A custom is the specific way in which a group of people does something. This, can include how foods are prepared, what clothing is worn, the kinds of celebrations and much more. The set of customs developed and shared by a culture over time is a tradition. A culture’s customs are often determined by the natural resources found in their environment. In the Desert Southwest region, cloth weaving developed as a custom. The area has fewer large animals whose skins can be used for making clothing or blankets.

Cloth weaving, was a way of meeting the need for clothing without using animal skins. In the Eastern Woodlands area, however, hunting and fishing were daily activities. Since it was easy to get animal skins, developing skills like weaving were less important. The traditional roles of men and women in the native tribes varied as well. In hunting cultures, men were often away from home during the day to hunt animals for food. Women did many chores around the village while they were gone. In cultures where crops were grown, it was usually the men who tended them.

Folklore was an important part of all Native American cultures. They had no written language. Telling the tribe’s stories orally was the way they preserved them from generation to generation so they would not be lost. The tribe used chanting, storytelling and singing as a way to remember the tribe’s folklore. The stories told the tribe’s history, funny adventures and accomplishments. Folklore also helped unite the people of the tribe. Religion was an important part of Native American cultures.

The celebration of the tribe’s faith and worship often involved special ceremonies. Harvest ceremonies were a common way to give thanks to the tribe’s gods for a good crop. Other ceremonies combined religious songs and dances with social activities. The ceremonies reinforced the people’s trust in their leaders’ ability to provide for their needs.

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. What is a custom?
2. What are the ways that Native Americans told their stories?
3. In your own words, explain the importance of folklore.
4. Explain why some tribes developed weaving.
5. Write the suitable word meaning for
(a) necessary duty
(b) traditional belief (para 2)

Unseen Passage 2 for Class 7 CBSE

In the 1600s large farms called plantations flourished in the southern colonies of America. The soil there was rich. The warm climate created excellent conditions for successfully growing crops for profit. Two favorite crops of the times were tobacco and rice. They were later joined by indigo, a plant used to make a deep blue dye for coloring ink and cloth. Traditional family farms were relatively small. Families were large, depending on all members of the family to do the work on the farm. Often, the farm raised only enough to meet the family’s needs.

This included a small surplus to be used for the next year’s seed. In particularly good times, an abundance of any crop would be canned and preserved for the winter. There was less fresh food available in the winter. Additional small amounts might be traded with other farmers for crops of another kind. This would increase the variety of food available. Rarely would any crops be sold for profit. Running large plantation created a new problem.

The members of a single family, or even several together, were not enough people to do all the necessary work on the plantation. Land owners brought workers over from England. Often, working class people who wanted a new start in the Americas would sign a contract and become an indentured servant. Their passage on a ship from England to America was paid by the landowner. The indentured servants were given food, clothing and shelter.

They would work an agreed–upon number of years in the service of the landowner. At the end of their contracted time, they were free to leave the plantation and pursue their new lives in America. Some indentured servants were treated quite fairly. Others were treated with the same disregard as slaves. For all intents and purposes, indentured servants could be considered slaves with the hope of freedom in the future. Their time of servitude would eventually end. For the increasing number of slaves who began arriving from African and the Caribbean, there was no such promise.

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. What distinguished an indentured servant from a slave?
2. Why did plantations need so many workers?
3. What did indentured servants receive for their work?
4. What motivation might working class people in England have had to sign a contract to work as an indentured servant?
5. Find the suitable word meaning from the above passage
(a) bind as an apprentice
(b) the state of being a slave

Unseen Passage 3 for Class 7 CBSE

“I’m in for it now,” muttered Kelly to herself as she saw her teacher glaring at her. The day had begun badly for Kelly and it seemed to go from bad to worse! She had been growled at in front of the whole class for being late and was not allowed to say why she was late. Then there was the Maths test! Maths, Kelly decided, was just not her best subject. At recess, the children teased her for being put on detention because she was late. Then lunch time came and she had no lunch. To top it all off, she had to deliver newspapers after school in the dark.

Kelly moaned – sometimes it was so hard to stay happy. The last of her papers had been delivered. Pushing her bicycle up the hill towards her house, she was just too tired, cold and hungry to hum a happy tune. She still had her homework to do. As she came in the door, Dad said, “Kelly, you had a visitor while you were out, a ‘Mrs. Johnson’. She left this for you.” Kelly raised her head and stared at her father in surprise. “Who’s Mrs Johnson? I don’t know any Johnsons.”

“Well this letter and parcel have your name on them, so she must know you,” Dad said. “What does it say?” Kelly opened the envelope and took out the letter. She read it in silence, her eyes widening in surprise and pleasure. “It’s a letter of thanks, Dad. I helped a little girl called Jamie this morning on the way to school. She had a bad fall. That’s why I was late for school and then got a detention for that. This is a letter from her mother to say ‘thanks’.

It’s a really nice letter.” “Wow!” exclaimed Dad as he finished reading the letter. Kelly unwrapped the small parcel. Inside the wrapping was the handkerchief she had used to bandage Jamie’s knee, all cleaned and ironed. Under her hanky was a little, old–looking, black velvet box. Carefully, Kelly opened the box. Inside lay a gold chain with a heart–shaped locket. Engraved on it was the inscription, “I am special”. Kelly stared at it with tears in her eyes. She lightly fingered the little golden locket. In future, she decided, “Whenever I feel ‘ugly’, I’ll just touch this locket and remember its message…I am special.”

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. Why was Kelly late for school that morning?
2. Why was Kelly hungry and tired when she got home that evening?
3. What was the surprise waiting for Kelly when she got home?
4. How do you think Kelly felt as she stared at the locket?
5. How did the heart–shaped locket help lift Kelly’s spirit?

Unseen Passage 4 for Class 7 CBSE

Few people ever took Noticeof Mr. Jimmy Tan whenever he entered a room. He was a shy, quiet and simple man who preferred to keep to himself in public. However, people who had met him would realise that he is actually a very remarkable person who had achieved many spectacular results in scientific experiments. On the other hand, Mr. Thomas Kim, a fellow scientist, was a man everyone would Noticeon the streets. He, wore bright outfits with huge flower prints, spoke with a booming voice, and his laughter could be heard from all comers of a room. In addition to the differences in their characters,

Mr. Kim and Mr. Tan were also great rivals at work in the Institutė of Future Science. On Christmas Eve, everyone left work early to celebrate the special occasion, except for Mr. Tan and Mr. Kim. They were in their laboratory analyzing the results of their latest experiments. Mr. Tan realized that something special was taking place in his experiment – the bacteria he had cultured were growing extremely quickly under high pressure and at a very low temperature. After noting down the findings in his notebook, he left the room to prepare for another round of tests. Shortly after, Mr. Kim entered. “Hey Jimmy,” Mr. Kim called out, “do you have an extra copy of the laboratory booking form?”

There was no reply, so Mr. Kim ruffled through Mr. Tan’s things. He soon found Mr. Tan’s notebook and was horrified to see that Mr. Tan had managed to make one of the most important discoveries in modern science. “Oh no, this cannot be! He will become very famous if he publishes this finding. Soon, he may even be promoted to be Head of Research and I will have to work under him! I cannot let this happen,” Mr. Kim thought to himself.,

Mr. Kim in to the deep–freeze cabinet where the Petri dish containing the – bacteria was kept He removed the dish, slotted them into his pocket, and returned to his own laboratory. Mr. Tan came back an hour later to find his notebook and the Petri dish missing He knew that Mr. Kim had taken them and went to Mr. Kim’s laboratory to confront him. When Mr. Tan opened the door to Mr. Kim’s laboratory, he found Mr. Kim lying on the floor motionless. His face was pale and his skin had turned black. The deadly bacteria had been handled improperly and had infected Mr. Kim. Mr. Tan shook his head and left.

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. What was Mr. Tan’s occupation?
2. Which sentence tells you why Mr. Kim was someone who was easily recognised by people?
3. Where did Mr. Tan and Mr. Kim work?
4. Why did Mr. Tah and Mr. Kim not get along?
5. What did Mr. Tan discover in the experiment he conducted on Christmas Eve?

Unseen Passage 5 for Class 7 CBSE

“As you can see,” the ferry captain said over his bullhorn, “a plane has crashed into the World Trade Centre.” It was 8:48 and our commuter boat had just left Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey, for New York City. It was the kind of morning pilots call “severe clear”. We could see the skyscrapers of lower Manhattan – still 40 minutes. away – with aching clarity. Like everyone else, I watched in horror as smoke spewed from the upper floors of the north tower. Metal strips that had encased the building began to unfurl like cans of tuna fish. Then it dawned on me: My brother, Michael, was somewhere inside that 110 storey building.

A week earlier, Mike had joined one of his best friends, Spike Tucker, or “Tuck’ at Cantor Fitzgerald, an international brokerage firm. Before that, Mike had worked at Prudential Bache for 18 years. Mike and Tuck traded over–the–counter stocks and rode the same boat each morning, reaching their desks by 7:30 without fail. I knew they would be in their office, just did not know what floor it was on. I tried to phone Mike then his wife, Lynn and then my brother, Nick. No answer anywhere. Just as I looked up, a second plane sliced through the upper floors of the south tower.

Everyone gasped. That ruthless smack knocked the wind out of all of us. This was no accident. America, we realized, was under attack. Still we sailed on. We passed the Sandy Hook Lighthouse, the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island, all eyes on those twin towers. Orange and yellow fireballs, the size of zeppelins, rang the other. We watched in disbelief as shards of glass and paper rained down on the streets below. I tried to imagine Mike and Tuck running down the stairs to safety. As we approached New York Harbour, the captain announced that no one could disembark. Instead, we would pick up those who had fled office buildings near the trade centre. Black soot and ash now cloaked much of the sky.

The smell of burning plastic and rubber soured the air. Already, thousands of people had crammed the pier. Knowing better, I looked for Mike’s face in the crowd. As we headed back to Atlantic Highlands; I went up to the top deck. Lower Manhattan looked ghastly. However, nothing could prepare me for what came next: the collapse of the south tower. Within seconds it seemed, a huge swirl of ash and debris took down the once soaring skyscraper, changing a landscape I had known and loted since childhood.

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. What did the passengers on the ferry witness when they first set sail that morning?
2. How do we know that the weather was fine that morning?
3. Explain why the writer was sure that Mike was in the building when the incident occurred.
4. What did the writer do when she realised her brother was in the building?
5. Explain clearly how the writer knew that “this was no accident”?

Unseen Passage 6 for Class 7 CBSE

As soon as I tasted the prawn curry and chopped beans tossed with shredded coconut, I called the waitress and asked, “Does the chef look like me?” Wilting in Kerala’s April heat, Bindhu, the waitress, thought I was mad. But she checked anyway, and returned to report no chance of my discovering a long lost cousing in the kitchen. Well, I could have sworn my mother cooked that prawn theeyal and long beans thoran.

I wondered if this, at last, might be the spot my grandparents left for Malaya more than a century ago. I returned from my first trip to India suitably ashamed for the years I had put off going. I learnt what it meant to be taken into the warm embrace of strangers when people would come up and say, “Your face is Malayalee, where are you from?” “Singapore,” I would reply, and they would try again, “Before that? Your forefathers?”. The link established, I became a brother instantly.

My wife and I chose the gentleness introduction to India, flying to Kerala, cruising the famed Backwaters on a houseboat and staying at a resort by wonderful Lake Vembanad. Still I did not count on people being so disarmingly friendly. On morning walks through the village behind our hotel, well–scrubbed kids were up and playing at 7 am, calling out, “How are you? What is your name?” Women washed pots and pans or whacked their laundry on the side of the fresh water canal. Men were waist–deep, going through their elaborate bath rituals.

A fisherman sporting the brightest grin told me his name was Thamby and displayed a meagre catch of small fish good for frying. His cheerfulness was hard for me to comprehend. On short car trips through small towns, I would catch myself wondering if my grandparents had come from this place or the one just gone by. I left the family mystery unsolved and headed for the hotel’s ayurvedic centre. First they made me wear this skimpy thong. Then they dripped a ton of warm medicated oil on me and slathered it all over till I was slipping and sliding.

Next, two masseurs got to work simultaneously. I went back three days in a row. Since we got home, my wife has been casting muldly concerned looks in my direction, half expecting me to. break out in one of those dreamy Malayalam love songs we kept hearing everywhere. After a week in withdrawal, I called a number I found on the Internet and began telling the man on the telephone that I had just come back from Kerala and the ayurvedic massage had been very nice, but he would not let me finish.

Uttering a rude word, he attacked the commercialisation of ancient tradition in Kerala. To him, the nice massage was a trap for tourists. For the real thing, I would need at least an hour of consultation at his centre. He would decide what was wrong with me, prescribe the right medicines and diet and only if my ailments called for a massage, would he recommend the right sort. It was so much simpler in Kerala. I would just have to go back for more.

Answer the following questions based on the reading passage.
1. Which word in the first paragraph indicates clearly that the ingredients were finally sliced?
2. Describe the weather in Kerala at that time.
3. Where did the writer’s grandparents emigrate to?
4. How did the writer establish the link with the strangers he had met?
5. In the third paragraph, who showed that they were friendly people?

The following passage has not been edited. There is an erpr in each line against which a blank is given. Write the incorrect word and the corrected word in your answer sheet against the blank as given in the example. Underline the corrected word that has been supplied.

Editing Exercises for Class 5 CBSE With Answers PDF

This grammar section explains English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used. https://ncertmcq.com/editing-exercises-for-class-5/

Editing is a stage of the writing process in which a writer improves a draft by correcting errors and by making words and sentences clearer, more precise and more effective.

Fundamentals

• Always follow PPACTS RULE while editing a passage.
• PPACTS stands for P – Preposition, P – Pronoun, A – Article/determiner, C – Conjunction, T – Tense/Verb Forms (singular/plural), S – Spelling After reading the passage, identify the tense and see whether it is appropriate to the context.
• Check the subject-verb agreement.

Editing Solved Exercise With Answers for Class 5 CBSE

Underline each error and write the correction in the space provided.

One morning, the Nawab call	a.	called
his minister and said him	b.	told
that I wanted the length and	c.	he
breadth from the earth	d.	of
measured. He also feel the	e.	felt
need to have the stars on the	f.	in
sky counted. The minister says	g.	said or replied
that the task he have been	h.	had
had set on being impossible.	i.	was

Editing Solved Exercises for Class 5 CBSE

In the following passages, there is an error in each line. The error has been underlined. Write the correction in the space provided.

Editing Exercise class 5 pdf – 1

A famous sportsman, name Harvey	____________
had attended the cycle race. He	____________
was a short man, but a greatest	____________
athlete and have won many	____________
prizes. He had six sons, who was	____________
brought up as sportsmen and every	____________
son had participated on the cycle	____________
race but were defeated bad.	____________

Editing Exercise class 5 pdf – 2

What nine years old Sunita did	____________
not like about school were the	____________
rules. Actually, Sunita did not liked	____________
rules of any sort, whether at school and	____________
at home. She hated to studying,	____________
sleep or eat at fixed timing. She wished	____________
she should be free, like the birds	____________
free to go everywhere she wanted.	____________

Editing Exercise class 5 pdf – 3

Once a beauty white mouse	____________
was born. As he grow up, his	____________
friends or family took note of	____________
his handsome face, her regal	____________
manner, and his pure white.	____________
His parents think how they	____________
would find a wife just so	____________
beautiful as the younger mouse.	____________