Murali

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 1 Resources

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 1 Resources

1. Answer the following questions.

Question 1(1).
Why are resources distributed unequally over the earth?
Answer:
The distribution of natural resources depends on various factors like terrain, climate, and altitude. These factors differ over the earth and so the distribution of resources.

Question 1(2).
What is resource conservation?
Answer:
Using resources carefully and giving them time to get renewed is resource conservation.

Question 1(3).
Why are human resources important?
Answer:
Human resources are important because they make the best use of nature to create more resources with the help of their knowledge, skill, and technology.

Question 1(4).
What is sustainable development?
Answer:
Sustainable development is the careful utilisation of resources that help to meet the requirements of the present and also takes care of the development for future generations.

Question 2.
Tick the correct answer.
1. Which one of the following does NOT make the substance a resource?
(a) utility
(b) value
(c) quantity.

2. Which one of the following is a human-made resource?
(a) medicines to treat cancer
(b) spring water
(c) tropical forests

3. Complete the statement. Biotic resources are
(a) derived from living things
(b) made by human beings
(c) derived from non-living things

Question 3.
Differentiate between the following.
(a) Potential and actual resources
(b) Ubiquitous and localized resources.
Answer:
(a) Differentiation between Potential and Actual Resources

Potential Resources	Actual Resources
1. Potential resources are those resources for which the entire quantity is not known. 2. They are not being used at present due to the non-availability of technology or finance to develop them. 3. Example: Uranium in Ladakh, strong winds in Rajasthan.	1. Actual resources are those resources for which quantity is known. 2. They are being used at present with the existing technology. 3. Examples: Rich coal deposits in Ruhr valley of Germany, Jharkhand, Odisha; Petroleum in west Asia; Black soil in Deccan Trap of Maharashtra.

 (b) Ubiquitous and localized resources.

Ubiquitous Resources	Localized Resources
1. Ubiquitous resources are those resources which are found everywhere. 2. Examples: Land, water, air.	1. Resources found only in certain places are called localized resources. 2. Examples: Iron ore, copper, bauxite, gold, etc.

Question 4.
Activity
“Rahiman paani raakhiye,
Bin paani sab soon.
Paani gaye na ubere Moti,
manus, choon…”

[Says Rahim, keep water, as without water there is nothing. Without water pearl, swan, and the dough cannot exist.]
These lines were written by the poet Abdur Rahim Khankhana, one of the nine gems of Akbar’s court. What kind of resource is the poet referring to? Write in 100 words what would happen if this resource disappeared?
Answer:

• The poet is referring to the water resource.
• The following would happen if this resource (water resource) disappeared:
• The earth would dry up and it would be scorched.
• All human beings would die.
• There would be no animal life; big or small on the earth.
• All the vegetation types would dry up.
• All human activities would come to an end.
• No industry would exist on the surface of the earth.
• No activity would be seen.
• All the water bodies would dry up.
• There would no moisture in the air, no clouds, and no rains.
• The earth would be a big desert devoid of all elements.
• Actually, it will be just like a big rock.

Question 5
For Fun
Question 1.
Pretend that you live in prehistoric times on a high windy plateau. What are the uses you and your friends could put the fast winds to? Can you call the wind a resource?
Answer:
We cannot put the fast winds to any use. Hence, the wind cannot be called a resource.

Question 1(a).
Now imagine that you are living in the same place in the year 2138. Can you put the winds to any use? How? Can you explain why the wind is an important resource now?
Answer:
Yes. We can use the wind in the windmills to generate wind power. As it can be used as a power hence it has become an important resource.

Question 5(2).
Pick up a stone, a leaf, a paper straw, and a twig. Think of how you can use these as resources. See the example given below and get creative

You can use a stone…	Use/Utility
To play stapu	toy
As a paper-weight	tool
To crush spices	tool
To decorate your garden/room	decoration piece
To open a bottle	tool
In a catapult	weapon

Answer:

You can use a leaf	Use/Utility
To draw a figure	drawing
As a decoration piece	tool
To use as a spice	commodity
To make a flower pot	a decoration piece
You can use a straw	Use/Utility
As a fodder	Food for animals
A decoration piece	tool
You can use a twig	Use/Utility
To threaten animals	punishing rod
As indicator	tool
To draw a drawing	tool

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 1 Resources, help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 1 Resources, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 10 The Changing World of Visual Arts

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 10 The Changing World of Visual Arts

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks:

1. The art form which observed carefully and tried to capture exactly what the eye saw is called Oil painting/realism.
2. The style of painting which showed Indian landscape as a quaint, unexplored land is called Picturesque.
3. Paintings which showed the social lives of Europeans in India are called Portrait.
4. Paintings which depicted scenes from British imperial history and their victories are called History Painting.

Question 2.
Point out which of the following were brought in with British art:
(a) oil painting
(b) miniatures
(c) life-size portrait painting
(d) use of perspective
(e) mural art

Question 3.
Describe in your own words one painting from this chapter which suggests that the British were more powerful than Indians. How does the artist depict this?
Answer:

1. The Indians are shown as submissive, as inferior, as serving their white masters. On the other hand, the British are shown as superior and imperious.
2. They flaunt their clothes, stand regally or sit arrogantly, and live a life of luxury. Indians are never at the center of these paintings.
3. They usually occupy a shadowy background.

Question 4.
Why did the scroll painters and potters come to Kalighat? Why did they begin to paint new themes?
Answer:
The scroll painters and potters come to Kalighat in the hope of new patrons and new buyers of their art. After the 1840s, a new trend was visible within the Kalighat artists. Living in a society where values, tastes, social norms and customs were undergoing rapid changes, Kalighat artists responded to the world around and produced paintings on social and political themes.

Question 5.
Why can we think of Raja Ravi Varma’s paintings as national?
Answer:

1. Raja Ravi Varma mastered the Western art of oil painting and realistic life study, but painted themes from Indian mythology and so his painting style was seen as national.
2. He dramatised on canvas, scene after scene from the Ramayana and the
3. He drew on the theatrical performances of mythological stories.
   From the 1880s, his mythological paintings became the rage among Indian princes and art collectors.
4. Raja Ravi Varma responded to the huge popular appeal of his paintings.
5. Ravi Varma decided to set up a picture production team and printing press. ‘Colour prints of his religious paintings were mass-produced. Even the poors could buy these cheap prints.

Question 6.
In what way did the British history paintings in India reflect the attitudes of imperial conquerors?
Answer:
British history paintings celebrated the British, their power, their victories and their supremacy. The paintings were full of action and energy. The painting dramatised the event and glorified the British triumph. These paintings sought to create a public memory of imperial triumphs. Victories had to be remembered, implanted in the memory of people, both in India and Britain. Only then could the British appear invincible and all-powerful.

Question 7.
Why do you think some artists wanted to develop a national style of art?
Answer:
Some artists rejected the art of Ravi Varma as imitative and westernised, and declared that such a style was unsuitable for depicting the nation’s ancient myths and legends. They felt that a genuine Indian style of painting had to draw inspiration from non-Western art traditions, and try to capture the spiritual essence of the East. These artists broke away from the convention of oil painting and the realistic style and turned for inspiration to medieval Indian traditions of miniature painting and the ancient art of mural painting in the Ajanta caves. Abanindranath Tagore was one of the first artists who wanted to develop a national style of art

Question 8.
Why did some artists produce cheap popular prints? What influence would such prints have had on the minds of people who looked at them?
Answer:
Often, middle class Indian artists produced cheap popular prints with the help of new printing press.
1. The prints were produced in large numbers and at cheap rates so that even poor could buy them.
2. These prints carried nationalist messages and influenced large number of people and created nationalistic fervour.

• They allowed prints to be produced in even larger numbers.
• These prints could be sold cheaply in the market.
• Even the poor could buy them.

Question 9.
Look at any tradition of art in your locality. Find out how it has changed in the last 50 years. You may check who supports the artists, and who looks at their art. Remember to examine the changes in styles and themes.
Answer:
To be done by students.

Objective Type Questions

1. Match the following:

Answer:
(i)    g
(ii)   d
(iii)  e
(iv)  f
(v)   b
(iv)  a
(vii) c

2. State whether True or False:

1. Raja Ravi Varma’s paintings were termed as national. True 
2. Rabindranath Tagore rejected the art of Ravi Varma as imitative and westernised. False
3. Thomas and William Daniell came to India in 1785. True 
4. Tipu Sultan was defeated in the battle of Mysore. False
5. The third category of imperial art was History Painting. True   
6. Photographers came to India from Europe in the 18th century. False
7. European artists came to India with British engineers. False

3. Fill in the blanks:

1. Thomas and William Daniell stayed in India for seven years
2. The most powerful enemy of the British was Tipu Sultan  
3. The style of painting which showed the Indian landscape as a quaint land is called picturesque.
4. Raja Ravi Varma belonged to the family of the Maharajas of Travancore in Kerala.
5. Abanindranath Tagore was the nephew of Rabindranath Tagore.

Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer

1. Which is NOT the name of scroll painters (Potters)
(a) Patuas
(b) Rumors
(c) Kumhars
(d) Kumar

2. Which of the following were brought in with British art?
(a) Oil painting
(b) Miniatures
(c) Mural art
(d) Life-size portrait painting

3.General Baird was
(a) an artist
(b) commander of the British army
(c) a trader
(d) a Governor

4. Tipu Sultan was defeated in the battle of
(a) Mysore
(b) commander of the British army
(c) Buxar
(d) a Governor

5. Raja Ravi Varma decided to set up a picture production team and printing press on the outskirts of
(a) Madras
(b) Bengal
(c) Calcutta
(d) Bombay

6. Abanindranath Tagore was influenced by the art of
(a) British artists
(b) Japanese artists
(c) French artists
(d) Chinese artists

7. A new trend within the Kalighat artists
(a) after the 1810s
(b) after the 1820s
(c) after the 1840s
(d) after the 1860s

8. Mechanical printing presses were set up 
(a) the late sixteenth century
(b) the late seventeenth century
(c) the late eighteenth century
(d) the late nineteenth century

9. Kalighat is located in
(a) Bihar
(b) West Bengal 
(c) Bombay
(d) Madras

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 10 The Changing World of Visual Arts, help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 10 The Changing World of Visual Arts, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources

1. Answer the following questions.
Question 1(1).
Which are the two main climatic factors responsible for soil formation?
Answer:
(a) Temperature
(b) Rainfall

Question 1(2).
Write any two reasons for land degradation today.
Answer:
(a) Deforestation
(b) Overgrazing
(c) Overdoses of fertilisers

Question 1(3).
Why is land considered an important resource?
Answer:
Land is considered an important resource because all the activities of human beings are carried out on land.

Question 1(4).
Name any two steps that the government has taken to conserve plants and animals.
Answer:
Steps were taken by the government to conserve plants and animals (Any two):

• Setting up of national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves.
• Conservation of creeks, lakes, and wetlands.
• Ban on killing, hunting, and poaching.
• Social forestry and Vanamohatasava.

Question 1(5).
Suggest three ways to conserve water.
Answer:
Ways to conserve water (Any three):

• Forest and other vegetation covers.
• Water harvesting.
• Canals to be properly lined.
• Use of sprinklers in irrigation.
• Drip or trickle methods of irrigation in dry areas.

Question 2.
Tick the correct answer
1. Which one of the following is NOT a factor of soil formation?
(a) time
(b) soil texture
(c) organic matter

2. Which one of the following methods is most appropriate to check soil erosion on steep slopes?
(a) shelterbelts
(b) mulching
(c) terrace cultivation

3. Which one of the following is NOT in favour of the conservation of nature?
(a) switch off the bulb when not in use.
(b) close the tap immediately after using it.
(c) dispose of poly packs after shopping.

Question 3.
Match the following.

Answer:

Question 4.
State whether the given statement is True or False. If true, write the reasons.
(1) Ganga-Brahmaputra plain of India is an overpopulated region. True
Reasons: Fertile land—agriculture main occupation, easily available job opportunities, developed agriculture-based industries, developed means of transport and communication.

(2) Water availability per person in India is declining. True
Reasons: Due to overuse, pollution, and increasing population.

(3) Rows of trees planted in the coastal areas to check the wind movement is called t intercropping. False.

(4) Human interference and changes of climate can maintain the ecosystem. False.

 Question 5.
Activity
Discuss some more reasons which are responsible for changes in land-use patterns. Has your place undergone any change in the land use pattern in recent years?
Answer:
Reasons responsible for change of land use pattern.

• People and their demands are ever-growing.
• The availability of land is limited.
• The quality of land also differs from place to place.
• People started encroaching on common lands to build up commercial areas, housing complexes in the urban areas, and to expand agricultural land in rural areas.
• Today vast changes in the land use pattern also reflect the cultural changes in our society.
• Expansion of agriculture and construction activities have caused these problems.

Question 6.
Based on the table you have just completed, draw a picture of land use patterns that you foresee in your neighbourhood after 20 years. Why do you think that land-use patterns change over the years?
Answer:

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation, and Wildlife Resources, help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 2 Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture

1. Answer the following questions.

Question 1(1).
What is agriculture?
Answer:
Agriculture is the primary activity which includes the growing of crops, fruits, vegetables, flowers, and the rearing of livestock.

Question 1(2).
Name the factors influencing agriculture?
Answer:
Factors influencing agriculture:

• Favourable Topography
• Soil
• Climate
• Irrigation

Question 1(3).
What is shifting cultivation? What are its disadvantages?
Answer:
In shifting agriculture a plot of land is cleared by felling trees and burning them. The ashes are then mixed with the soil and crops are grown. After the soil loses its fertility, the land is abandoned and the cultivators move to a new plot.
Disadvantages of shifting agriculture

• Soil erosion
• Depletion of forest

Question 1(4).
What is plantation agriculture?
Answer:

• Plantation agriculture is a type of commercial agriculture:
• It is a single crop farming which resembles factory production,
• A large amount of labour and capital is required.
• The produce may be processed on the farm itself or in factories.
• Crops like banana, rubber, tea, coffee, etc. are grown on plantations.

Question 1(5).
Name the fiber crops and name the climatic conditions required for their growth.
Answer:
The two fibre crops are cotton and jute. The conditions required for their cultivation

Cotton	Jute
It requires high temperature.	High temperature required.
Light rainfall, 210 frost free days, bright sunshine for its growth.	Heavy rainfall.
Grows well in black and alluvial soil.	Grows well in alluvial soils.
Area of cultivation: China, USA India, Pakistan, Brazil and Egypt.	Areas of prod: India and Bangladesh.

Question 2.
Tick the correct answer.
(1) Horticulture means
(a) growing of fruits and vegetables
(b) primitive farming
(c) growing of wheat

(2) Golden fiber refers to
(a) tea
(b) cotton
(c) jute

(3) Leading producers of coffee
(a) Brazil
(b) India
(c) Russia

Question 3(1).
Give reasons.
In India, agriculture is a primary activity.
Answer:

• Because two-thirds of India’s population is still dependent on agriculture.
• The topography, soil, and climate are favourable for the cultivation of various crops.

Question 3(2).
Different crops are grown in different regions because of the following reasons:
Answer:
It happens due to variation in topography, climate, soil types, etc.

Question 4.
Distinguish between the following.
(1) Primary activities and tertiary activities.
(2) Subsistence farming and intensive farming.
Answer:
(1) Distinction between Primary Activities and Tertiary Activities.

Primary Activities	Tertiary Activities
1. Primary activities are those activities in which natural resources are obtained. 2. Examples: Extraction, hunting, mining, gathering, agriculture, fishing, and rearing of livestocks.	1. Tertiary activities are those activities which provide support to primary and secondary sectors. 2. Examples: Transport, communication, trade, banking, insurance, and advertising.

 (2) Distinction between Subsistence and Intensive Farming.
Intensive farming is a part of subsistence farming. So both have a little difference. Still, some differences are:
Answer:

Subsistence Fanning	Intensive Farming
1. Subsistence farming is the type of farming practice in which the farmer raises agricultural crops for himself and his family. 2. Household labour is used. 3. Subsistence farming is done on a traditional basis by traditional tools and implements. 4. Production is meant for their own family only.	1. Intensive farming is an agricultural practice in which efforts are made to increase production with added units of labour and capital and raise two to three crops in a year. 2. Outside labour is hired. 3. Extra tools may be hired. 4. Production is primarily meant for domestic consumption. Excess is sold in the market.

5. Activity
Question 5 (1).
Collect seeds of wheat, rice, jowar, bajra, ragi, maize, oilseeds, and pulses available in the market. Bring them to the class and find out which type of soil they grow.
Answer:
Collect the seeds of wheat, rice, jowar, bajra, ragi, maize, oilseeds, and pulses available in the market yourself and bring them to the class

Question 5(2).
Find out the differences between the lifestyle of farmers in the USA and India on the basis of pictures collected from magazines, books, newspapers, and the internet.
Answer:

Criteria	Farm in India	Farm in the USA
Average size	1.5 Hectares.	250 Hectares.
Land tenure	Tenancy, sharecropping fragmentation due to hereditary.	Freehold ownership.
Environment issues	Use of fertilizers, HYV seeds and irrigation.	Physical factors are less important.
Soil	Generally fertile gives two to three crops a year, use traditional knowledge.	Regular soil testing for nutrient deficiency.
Crops	Mainly food Crops along with other related activities. Wheat, rice, millets etc.	Specialized farming like com, soya bean, wheat, cotton etc.
Operations	Lack of use of scientific technology, machines, more of manual power.	Use of latest technical knowledge and satellite for information.
Economic conditions	Lack of good transport, communication or even storage facilities, poor farmers.	Better facilities and prosperous farmers.
Human factors	Work as farm labour, many dependent on this activity.	Work as a business person, not as a farmer.

Question 6.
For Fun
Solve the crossword puzzle with the help of given clues.

Across	Down
1. Crop that needs well-drained fertile soils, moderate temperatures, and lots of sunshine (5) 2. Increasing production through the use of HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides (5, 10) 4. USA, Canada, Russia, Australia are major producers of this crop (5) 10. Type of farming to meet family needs (11) 13. Rearing of animals for sale (9) 14. Growing grapes for wines (11)	1. Coarse grains are also called (7) 3. Cultivation involving slash and bum (8) 5. Growing of crops, fruits, and vegetables (11) 6. Tea, coffee, sugarcane, and rubber are grown in (11) 7. Requires 210 frost-free days for growth (6) 8. Growing of flowers (12) 9. Also called ‘Golden Fibre’ (4) 11. Also known as paddy (4) 12. Activity concerned with the extraction of natural resources (7)

Answer:

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture, help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 5 When People Rebel

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 5 When People Rebel

Question 1.
What was the demand of Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi that was refused by the British?
Answer:
She wanted the Company to recognize her adopted son as the heir to the kingdom after the death of her husband.

Question 2.
What did the British do to protect the interests of those who converted to Christianity?
Answer:
They were allowed to inherit the property of their ancestors.

Question 3.
What objections did the sepoys have to the new cartridges that they were asked to use?
Answer:
The cartridges were greased with the fats of cow and pig. The use of these things was against the religious sentiments of Hindus and Muslims. So, the sepoys from these religions objected.

Question 4.
How did the last Mughal emperor live the last years of his life?
Answer:
Last Years of Life of the Mughal Emperor
Bahadur Shah Zafar was the last emperor of the Mughal dynasty. He played an important role in the revolt of 1857 against the British. In September 1857 the British established their control over Delhi and Bahadur Shah was imprisoned. He was sent to Rangoon along with her wife Begum Zinat Mahal. In 1862, he died in Rangoon.

Question 5.
What could be the reasons for the confidence of the British rulers about their position in India before May 1857?
Answer:

• They supposed that the Indian soldiers are faithful to them. They are very loyal servants.
• They knew that many of the kings and zamindars are their supporters.
• Before 1857, they have won many wars and suppressed many revolts successfully. So, they were confident of their military strength.

Question 6.
What impact did Bahadur Shah Zafar’s support of the rebellion have on the people and the ruling families?
Answer:
Bahadur Shah’s support for the rebellion changed the scene:

• A large part of the country was ruled by chiefs under the Mughal rule and threatened by the British. They thought if Mughal could be powerful again, they too could rule again, under Mughal authority.
• Emperor’s blessing to the rebels gave an alternative and filled people with courage and enthusiasm to fight.

Question 7.
How did the British succeed in securing the submission of the rebel landowners of Awadh?
Answer:

• The British tried and hanged many nawabs and rajas. This spread the terror.
• The British announced that the loyal landholders would be allowed to continue to enjoy traditional rights over their lands.
• Those who have rebelled were told that if they submitted to the British, and if they had not killed any white people, they would remain safe and their rights and claims to land would not be denied.

Question 8.
In what ways did the British change their policies as a result of the rebellion of 1857?
Answer:
As a result of the rebellion of 1857, the British changed their policies. Following are the important changes that the British made:

1. The powers of the East India Company were transferred to the British Crown in order to ensure more responsible management of Indian affairs.
2. The Governor-General of India was given the title of Viceroy, that is, a personal representative of the Crown.
3. All ruling chiefs of the country were assured that their territory would never be annexed in the future. They were allowed to pass on their kingdoms to their heirs, including an adopted son. But they had to acknowledge the British queen as their Sovereign Paramount.
4. It was decided that the proportion of Indian soldiers in the army would be reduced and the number of European soldiers would be increased. It was also decided that instead of recruiting soldiers from Awadh, Bihar, Central India, and South India more soldiers would be recruited from among the Gorkhqs, Sikhs, and Pathans.
5. The British decided to respect the customary religions and social practices of the people in India.

Question 9.
Find out stories and songs remembered by people in your area or your family about San Sattavan ki Ladaai. What memories do people cherish about the great uprising?
Answer:
Songs and Stories

Memories 

• Sepoy Mutiny started from Meerut.
• Support of Bahadur Shah Zafar.
• Spread of the mutiny over all of India.
• Thousands of Firangis killed.
• Thousands of people sacrificed their lives.
• Mutiny suppressed.
• British Foundation was shaken in India.
• Concessions are given to Indians.

Question 10.
Find out more about Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi. In what ways would she have been an unusual woman for her time?
Answer:
1) Rani Laxmibai was born sometime around 1828 in Varanasi. His father Moropant Tambey was a Marathi Brahmin. Her mother Bhagirathibai was a cultured religious woman.

2) She was raised in the Court of Baji Rao II, the last of the Maratha Peshwas. At the age of 14, she was married to Raja Gangadhar Rao of Jhansi. Here she was given a new name, Laxmibai.

3) She gave birth to a son but soon he died. In 1853 Gangadhar Rao fell ill. He was persuaded to adopt a child as his heir. He adopted Damodar Rao, a little child. The next day he died.

4) Rani claimed that Damodar Rao was their legal Heir. The British rule rejected Rani’s claim and decided to annex Jhansi under the Doctrine of Lapse.

5) Rani sought the advice of a British lawyer and fought her case in London. Her petition was ultimately rejected. The British confiscated the state jewels and deducted her husband’s debt from her annual pension.

6) She was asked to leave Jhansi fort. Laxmibai was determined to defend Jhansi. She proclaimed her decision with the famous words “Mi Mahji Jhansi Nahi dehnar (I will not give up my Jhansi).

7) She raised a volunteer army in which both men and women were recruited. She fought for two weeks but the Fort of Jhansi was lost to the British.

8) Rani escaped in the guise of a man with a few of her supporters with her son tied behind her back and a sword in her hand. She regrouped her force and moved towards Gwalior. She fought for a week but finally became a victim of a bullet on the battlefield in 1858.

9) It was not easy for a woman to be the head of State at that time. Rani faced many difficulties but she ran the kingdom well. She mastered martial arts and inspired Jhansi’s women to join the army and take a more active role in defending the country. All these made her an unusual woman for her times.

Objective Type Question

1. Match the following:

Answer:
(i)   c
(ii)  d
(iii) a
(iv) b
(v)  e

2. State whether True or False:

1. Meerut was one of the last territories to be annexed. False
2. The sepoys were angry with the British because the photo of Bahadur Shah Zafar was removed from the coins. False
3. In 1857, Mangal Pandey was hanged to death for attacking his officers in Barrackpore. True
4. British were very happy after the 1857 Revolt.False
5. The British passed a new act in 1858 transferring the powers of East India Company to the British crown. True

3. Fill in the blanks:

1. Bahadur Shah Zafar died in Rangoon  
2. Raja Gangadhar Rao was the husband of the Rani of Jhansi Lakshmibai.
3. Nawabs kings felt in the mid-eighteenth century that their powers were being eroded.
4. The company began to plan to bring the Mughal dynasty to an end.
5. Rani Lakshmibai was killed in June
6. Tantia Tope was the general of Nana Sahib.
7. In Delhi, a large number of ghazis (religious warriors) came together to wipe out the white people.

Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer:
1. Bakht Kfian was a soldier from
(a) Meerut
(b) Agra
(c) Bareilly      
(d) Delhi

2.continued to fight a guerrilla war against the British.
(a) Rani Lakshmibai
(b) Tantia Tope
(c) Nana Saheb
(d) Peshwa Baji Rao II

3. The Mutiny started from
(a) Bareilly
(b) Delhi
(c) Agra
(d) Meerut

4. How many sepoys were dismissed from service and sentenced to ten years in jail on 9 May, 1857?
(a) Eighty
(b) Eighty-five
(c) Ninety
(d) Ninety-five

5. The sepoys were angry with the British because
(a) of their policy of divide and rule
(b) of the cartridge episode
(c) of their intolerating behaviour
(d) none of these

6. Which emperor blessed the Mutiny?
(a) Mir Zafar
(b) Bahadur Shah Zafar
(c) Bhakt Khan
(d) None of these

7. Who was given the title of viceroy?
(a) Chief Commissioner
(b) Governor
(c) Forest Manager
(d) None of these

8. Subsidiary Alliance was imposed on Awadh in
(a) 1800
(b) 1801
(c) 1810
(d) 1815

9. When was lawmaking the conversion to Christianity made easier?
(a) 1810
(b) 1815
(c) 1850
(d) 1855

10. Which of the following is the decision taken by the British to reform the Indian Society?
(a) Law against the practice of Sati
(b) They encouraged the remarriage of a widow
(c) English education was actively promoted
(d) All of the above

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 5 When People Rebel, help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 5 When People Rebel, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources

1. Answer the following questions.
Question 1(1).
Name any three common minerals used by you every day.
Answer:

• Aluminium
• Iron
• Copper
• Gold

Question 1(2).
What is an ore? Where are the ores of metallic minerals generally located?
Answer:
Rocks from which minerals are mined are known as ores. Metallic minerals are generally located in igneous and metamorphic rock formations that form large plateaus.

Question 1(3).
Name two regions rich in natural gas resources.
Answer:

1. In the world: Russia, Norway, UK, Netherlands (Any two)
2. In India: Jaisalmer, Krishna-Godavari Delta, Tripura, and some areas offshore in Mumbai High. (Any two)

Question 1(4).
Which sources of energy would you suggest for
(a) rural areas
(b) coastal areas
(c) arid regions
Answer:
Sources of energy suggested for
(a) Rural areas – Biogas
(b) Coastal areas – Wind energy tidal energy
(c) Arid region – Solar energy, wind energy

Question 1(5).
Give five ways in which you can save energy at home.
Answer:

• Switching off lights when not in use.
• Keeping gas cylinder off when not in use.
• Repair of equipment regularly.
• Not switching on the light during daytime.
• Always replacing the wire fittings when they are aged.

Question 2.
Tick the correct answer.
(1) Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of minerals?
(a) They are created by natural processes.
(b) They have a definite chemical composition.
(c) They are inexhaustible.
(d) Their distribution is uneven.

2. Which one of the following is not a producer of mica?
(a) Jharkhand
(b) Karnataka
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Andhra Pradesh

3. Which one of the following is a leading producer of copper in the world?
(a) Bolivia
(b) Ghana
(c) Chile
(d) Zimbabwe

4. Which one of the following practices will NOT conserve LPG in your kitchen.
(a) Soaking the dal for sometime before cooking it.
(b) Cooking food in a pressure cooker.
(c) Keeping the vegetables chopped before lighting the gas for cooking.
(d) Cooking food in an open pan kept on low flame.

3. Give reasons.

Question 3(1).
Environmental aspects must be carefully looked into before building huge dams.
Answer:
Damming of rivers affects their natural flow. Dams also fragment rivers making it difficult for aquatic fauna to migrate. Deforestation, soil erosion, sedimentation, displacement of local communities are the other problems which arise due to the construction of huge dams.

Question 3(2).
Most industries are concentrated around coal mines.
Answer:
This is because coal is a bulky raw material and involves a high cost of transportation.

Question 3(3).
Petroleum is referred to as “black gold”.
Answer:
Petroleum is used to derive various valuable products therefore, it is referred to as “black gold.”

Question 3(4).
Quarrying can become a major environmental concern.
Answer:
Air pollution is caused due to generation of dust in mining areas. Dumping of waste and slurry leads to degradation of land, soil and an increase in stream and river pollution.

Question 4.
Distinguish between the followings:
(1) Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy
(2) Biogas and natural gas
(3) Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals
(4) Metallic and non-metallic minerals
(1) Distinction between Conventional and Non-conventional Sources of Energy
Answer:

Conventional	Non-conventional Sources of Energy
1. Conventional sources of energy are those sources which have been in use from time- immemorial.	1. Non-conventional sources of energy have generally been identified in the recent past.
2. They are exhaustible except water.	2. They are inexhaustible.
3. They cause pollution when used as they emit smoke and ash.	3. They are generally pollution-free.
4. Their generation and use involves huge expenditure.	4. Very meager amount of money is required for their use.
5. They are very expensive to be maintained, stored and transmitted as they are carried over long distances through transmission grid and lines.	5. Less expensive due to local use and easy to be maintained.
6. Examples: Coal, mineral oil, natural gas, atomic power, water	6. Examples: Geothermal energy, solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, energy from urban wastes.

(2) Distinction between Biogas and Natural Gas
Answer:

Biogas	Natural gas
1. Biogas is obtained from shrubs, farm wastes, animal and human wastes.	1. Natural gas is found associated generally with petroleum.
2. It is used mainly in rural areas for domestic purposes.	2. It is used as a means of energy, raw material in fertiliser plants and as a fuel in electricity generation.
3. It produced in rural areas is.	3. It is produced in Mumbai High, Gujarat and Assam oilfields, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Tripura and Rajasthan.
4. It has no categories. It is only one gas, that is biogas.	4. Natural gas is called LPG when used indomestic purposes and CNG when used in vehicles.

(3) Distinction between Ferrous and Non-ferrous Minerals
Answer:

Ferrous Minerals	Non-ferrous Minerals
1.The minerals having iron contents are called ferrous minerals.	1.The minerals that do not possess iron contents are called non-ferrous minerals
Examples: Iron ore, manganese, chromium, and cobalt.	Examples: Copper ore, tin, zinc, gold, silver, lead, etc.
2. India abounds in ferrous minerals.	2. India is deficient in non-ferrous minerals.

(4) Distinction between Metallic and Non-metallic Minerals
Answer:

Metallic Minerals	Non-metallic Minerals
1. Metallic minerals are those minerals that produce metals after their processing.	1. Non-metallic minerals are those minerals which do not produce metals.
2. They are often hard and have shine or luster of their own.	2. They are neither hard nor do they have the luster of their own.
3. They can be smelted.	3. They cannot be smelted.
4. Many of them can be drawn into wires and rolled down into sheets.	4. They can neither be drawn into wires nor can they be rolled down into sheets.
5. When hit they are not broken. Examples: Iron ore, copper, aluminium, tin, silver, and gold.	5. When hit, they get broken. Examples: Sulphur, coal, petroleum, mica, salt.

Question 5.
Activity
(1) Salma’s class took up an active campaign to do an energy audit of their school by surveying electricity consumption. They prepared survey sheets for the students of the school.
Using the data collected during the survey, students calculated the units consumed for one month and the approximate expenditure and compared it with the electricity bill of the previous month. They also calculated the approximate cost of electricity consumed by fans’ lights and other appliances not switched off. Thus, they highlighted the amount that could be saved and suggested simple energy conservation habits like

• Switching off the appliances when not in use.
• Minimal usage as per requirement.
• Maximizing the use of natural breeze and light by keeping the windows open.
• Keeping the lights dust-free.
• The appropriate maintenance and usage of appliances as per the given instructions.

Can you add some more tips to this list?
You could conduct a similar survey at home and then extend it to your apartment and make your neighbours also energy-wise.

Electricity audit

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources, help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Human Resource

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Human Resource

1. Answer the following questions.

Question 1(1).
Why are people considered as a resource?
Answer:
People, according to their demands and abilities, turn nature’s bounty into useful things. Hence, people are considered a resource.

Question 1(2).
What are the causes for the uneven distribution of population in the world?
Answer:
Causes for uneven distribution of population are

• Uneven topography – Mountainous or plateau region are sparsely populated while plains are densely populated as they are suitable for various economic activities such as farming, manufacturing and tertiary activities, etc.
• Climate – People like to live in mild climatic regions and avoid extreme climates. Thus, very hot like Sahara desert and very cold like Antarctica are sparsely populated.
• Soil – Fertile plains like Ganga- the Brahmaputra in India, Hwang Ho in China- are densely populated.
• Water – People prefer to live in areas where fresh water is easily available.
• Minerals – Areas rich in mineral deposits are densely populated. The Discovery of oil in the Middle East lead to the settling of people in this area.

Question 1(3).
The world population has grown very rapidly. Why?
Answer:
The world population has grown very rapidly due to

• Better food supplies.
• Medical facilities.
• The rapid increase in natural growth rate.

Question 1(4).
Discuss the role of any two factors influencing population change?
Answer:
(1) The population change occur due to changes in the number of births and deaths. In the early 1970s, the population was 3 billion. In 1999, less than 30 years later the population doubled to 6 billion. This change occurs mainly due to a rapid increase in the natural growth rate. Besides, better food supplies and medicine were other reasons.

(2) Population size also gets affected due to migration. The population of the USA increased due to immigration while the population of Sudan decreased due to emigration.

Question 1(5).
What is meant by population composition?
Answer:
A population pyramid is a pictorial way to describe the population composition. The shape of the population pyramid of a country is indicative of a lot of information about the country. The size towards the bottom may be used to estimate the birth rate, while the size towards the top to estimate the death rate.

Question 1(6).
What are population pyramids? How do they help in understanding the population of a country?
Answer:
Population composition refers to the structure of the population. The composition of the population helps us to know the variation in age, sex, literacy level, health condition, occupation, and income level of a population.

Question 2.
Tick the correct answer.
(1) What does the term population distribution refer to?
(a) How population in a specified area changes over time.
(b) The number of people who die in relation to the number of people born in a specified area.
(c)The way in which people are spread across a given area.

2. Which are the three main factors that cause population change?
(а) Births, deaths, and  marriage
(b) Births, deaths, and migration
(c) Births, deaths, and life expectancy

3. In 1999, the world population reached
(a) 1 billion
(b) 3 billion
(c) 6 billion

4. What is a population pyramid?
(a) A graphical presentation of the age, sex composition of a population.
(b) When the population density of an area is so high that people live in tall buildings.
(c) Pattern of population distribution in large urban areas.

Question 3.
Complete the sentences below using some of the following words.
sparsely, favourable, fallow, artificial, fertile, natural, extreme, densely
When people are attracted to an area it becomes …………………………………. populated. Factors that influence this include…………………………………… climate; good supplies of…………………………………… resources and ……………………. land.
Answer:

• When people are attracted to an area it becomes densely populated
• Factors that influence this include favourable climate, good supplies of natural resources, and fertile land

Question 4.
Activity   
Discuss the characteristics of society with ‘too many under 15s’ and one with ‘too few under 15s’.
Hint: the need for schools; pension schemes, teachers, toys, wheelchairs, labour supply, hospitals.
Answer:

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Human Resource, help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 Human Resource, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Understanding Marginalisation

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Understanding Marginalisation

Question 1.
Write in your own words two or more sentences of what you understand by the word ‘marginalization’?
Answer:
To be marginalized is to be forced to occupy the sides or fringes and thus not be at the center of things.
Or
Marginalized groups are those groups of the society which remained ignored in the past due to various social and economic causes.

Question 2.
List two reasons why Adivasis are becoming increasingly marginalised?
Answer:
Adivasis have been marginalised because:

• They live on the margins of social, economic development.
• They are poor, ‘low’ in social status.
• They are less educated.
• Most of them live in remote areas and do not have access to towns/cities.

Question 3.
Write one reason why you think the Constitution’s safeguards to protect minority communities are very important?
Answer:
The Constitution safeguards protect minority communities to protect India’s cultural diversity and promote equality as well as justice.

Question 4.
Re-read the section on Minorities and Marginalisation. What do you understand by the term minority?
Answer:
The minority is the term that means the communities which are small in number in comparison to the communities which are more in numbers.
Example: Muslims are in minority as compared to Hindus.

Question 5.
You are participating in a debate where you have to provide reasons to support the following statement: Muslims are a marginalised community.’ Using the data provided in this chapter, list two reasons that you would give.
Answer:
Muslims are a marginalised community because:

1. They do not have equal access to basic amenities such as pucca houses, electricity, piped water, etc.
2. Muslims have the lowest literacy rates as compared to other religious groups of India.

Question 6.
Imagine that you are watching the Republic Day parade on TV with a friend and she remarks, “Look at these tribals. They look so exotic. And they seem to be dancing all the time.” List three things that you would tell her about the lives of Adivasis in India.
Answer:
Adivasi community is generally shown in a particular stereotype way:

1. They are portrayed in colourful costumes, headgear, sometimes made of leaves or skin of animals.
2. They are shown dancing with spears or hunting animals. This makes people believe that they are exotic, primitive, and backward.
3. Often they themselves are blamed for their lack of advancement as they are believed to be resistant to change.
4. On the other side, Dance is a common act of most of the tribals on the occasion of:
   
   • Their festivals
   • Generally at the time of cutting crops
5. This is also their way of enjoying life.
   For poor people, this is enjoyment at no or a little cost.

Question 7.
In the storyboard, you read about how Helen hopes to make a movie on the Adivasi story. Can you help her by developing a short story on Adivasis?
Answer:
Students, you should do it yourselves. A story has been given below just for an example:
An Adivasi group lived in a village. They lived there peacefully and used to fulfill their needs from the land and the forests around them. One day a few strangers reached their village along with a government document and announced that ‘the land where Adivasis were living belonged to Mr. Chandra (an industrialist). So they will have to vacate the village because Mr. Chandra wanted to establish an industry over there.

When Adivasis did not agree to leave their land, they were humiliated and tortured. Mr. Chandra finally decided to visit the village personally and tried to settle the deal by offering some money to them. While coming to the village with his son, his car met with an accident in which he was badly injured and his son fell into the valley but was saved. When Mr. Chandra opened his eyes, he saw himself surrounded by some villagers.

He came to know that they saved the life of his son with the help of medicinal herbs available in forests. Mr. Chandra learned that those people belonged to the same Adivasis group whom Mr. Chandra wanted to abandon from their land. Finally, Mr. Chandra begged an apology from the Adivasis and withdrew his idea of locating industry in the village. He realized that it would not be justified to ruins the life of those who saved his son’s life.

Question 8.
Would you agree with the statement that economic and social marginalisation are interlinked? Why?
Answer:
Yes, economic and social marginalisation is interlinked. When Adivasis were displaced from their lands, they lost much more than a source of income. They lost their traditions and customs – a way of living and being. Destruction in one sphere impacts the other.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Understanding Marginalisation, help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 7 Understanding Marginalisation, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 1 How, When and Where

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science.Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 1 How, When and Where

Question 1.
State whether True or False:
(a) James Mill divided Indian history into three periods—Hindu, Muslim, Christian.
(b) Official documents help us to understand what the people of the country think.
(c) The British thought surveys were important for effective administration.
Answer:
(a) True
(b) False
(c) True

Question 2.
What is the problem with the periodisation of Indian history that James Mill offers?
Answer:
James Mill tried to divide Indian history into Hindu, Muslim, and Christian periods. This periodization is based on religious lines that there was a phase for which the Hindus were the rulers and others were ruled. Then came the phase of the Muslims or Christians (i.e., Britishers). He had a colonial bent of mind and thought Asians to have .poorly civilized. He thought Europeans to be superior. So, in fact, through this periodisation he tried to divide the people with their own specific identity, which was not true. During the Muslim rule, there were thousands of Hindu kings. The same was the case during the Christian period when India had thousands of local Hindu and Muslim princely states. So, this is not a proper periodisation of Indian History.

Question 3.
Why did the British preserve official documents?
Answer:
The British believed that by preserving official documents, it would be easier for them or any other persons to know about the decisions taken in the past. One can study the notes and reports that were prepared in the past. Their copies may be prepared and used in present time if needed so.

Question 4.
How will the information historians get from old newspapers be different from that found in police reports?
Answer:
Usually, the newspaper reports are not biased. These reports explain the fact as it was. Most of the time, these do not try to manipulate the event. These represent the true story of the event with every detail. On the other hand, the official reports are usually biased. These are written as per the will of the senior officials. These reports may carry the biased view of the reporting police officer. Thus if the historians are based only on the police reports, they may become misguided.

Question 5.
Can you think of examples of surveys in your world today? Think about how toy companies get information about what young people enjoy playing with or how the government finds out about the number of young people in school. What can a historian derive from such surveys? Answer to be attempted by the students.
Answer:

• Today, various types of surveys are carried on both by the government and private enterprises. The government carries surveys like a census in which various details of a family are collected. Similarly, Companies carry surveys for the use of their products and to find prospective customers. For example, the survey is conducted for various purposes regarding soap, shampoo, vehicles, etc. used by the people.
• The toy companies prepare a questionnaire and print them on a sheet of paper. Their representatives visit the school and distribute these papers among young people after school is over. Young people are asked to tick (✓) or cross (×) options of their choice. Then they get these papers back. In their office, they obtain data from these papers and derive their conclusion about the play liked by young people.
• The government carries out a census every 10 years. Each household provides details of its children. It is from this detail that the government comes to know about the number of young people in the school. Also, it can collect data from the school directly.
• From these data, historians can come to know about the education level and sportsmanship of the generation under survey. Also, they can derive information on the household size, etc.

Objective Type Questions

1.Match the following:

Answer:
(i) (c)
(ii) (a)
(iii) (e)
(iv) (b)
(v) (d)

2. State whether True or False:

1. Lawrence was a prominent Viceroy of India. (True)
2. Curzon was a Governor-General of India. (True)
3. James Mill published a newspaper in 1817. (False)
4. We need to divide history into different periods. (True)
5. The British came to India to know about its great culture. (False)
6. History deals with changes that occur over time.  (True)

3. Fill in the blanks:

1. The last Viceroy of British India was Lord Mountbatten  
2. James Randel prepared the first map in 1782.
3. James Mill divides Indian history into three periods.
4. The British preserved all-important letters and documents
5. In Mill’s idea of history, the period before British rule was one of darkness.
   

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Choose the correct answer:

1. Who was the last Viceroy of India?
(a) Lord Canning
(b) Lord Mountbatten
(c) Ripon
(d) Lord Wellesley

2. Medieval period was
(a) the old period of history
(b) the period associated with the growth of all the forces of modernity
(c) none of the above

3.The British thought surveys were important for
(a) writing history
(b) effective judgment
(c) effective administration 
(d) none of these

4.The British preserve official documents because
(a) the preserved documents reveal the progress made by country in the past
(b) one can study the notes and reports which were prepared in the past
(c) their copies may be made and used in modern times
(d) all of the above

5. Which one of the sources do historians use in writing about the last 250 years of Indian history?
(а) Official records of the French administration
(b) Official records of the British administration
(c) Official records of the Church administration
(d) None of the above

6. Which of the following is NOT the period of division of Indian History by James Mill?
(a) Hindu
(b) Muslim
(c) Christians
(d) Sikhs

7. Which is NOT the source of describing history?
(a) Diaries of people
(b) Conversation between two people
(c) Accounts of pilgrims and travellers
(d) Autobiographies of important personalities

8. The National Archives of* India came up in the
(a) 1910s
(b) 1920s
(c) 1930s
(d) 1940s

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 1 How, When and Where, help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 1 How, When, and Where, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English It So Happened Chapter 1 How the Camel Got His Hump are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English It So Happened Chapter 1 How the Camel Got His Hump.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 8
Subject	English It So Happened
Chapter	Chapter 1
Chapter Name	How the Camel Got His Hump
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English It So Happened Chapter 1 How the Camel Got His Hump

TEXTUAL EXERCISES

COMPREHENSION CHECK (Page 3)
Questions:
1.What tasks, do you think, were assigned to the dog and the ox ?
2. Why did the camel live in the middle of the desert ?
3. What made the dog, the horse and the ox very angry ?
4. How did the Djinn know the horse was complaining against the camel ?
Answers
1. The dog was assigned the task of fetching and carrying things. The ox was given the task of ploughing fields.
2. Camel lived in the middle of the desert because he did not want to work. He ate the sticks and thorns provided by the desert.
3. The dog, the horse and the ox were very angry. The man had asked them to work double¬time. It was to compensate for the camel who didn’t work.
4. The Djinn was the master of all the deserts. He knew about all desert animals. The horse had spoken of long legs so the Djinn knew he was talking of the camel.

COMPREHENSION CHECK (Page 5)
1. The camel was looking at his own reflection in the pool. What does it suggest to you about the camel ?
2. The camel said “Humph” repeatedly. How did it affect him ?
3. What, according to the Djinn, was the use of the “humph” ?
4. “……… he has never yet learnt to behave”. In the light of this, what is the writer’s opinion about the camel ?

Answers
1. It suggests that the camel loved his own image. He considered himself charming.
2. The ‘humph’ ultimately became his ‘hump’.
3. According to the Djinn, the hump had a purpose. It was full of food material. With its help, the camel could survive without food for three days.
4. In the opinion of the writer, the camel is still a very arrogant animal.

EXERCISE (Page 6)
Discuss the following topics in groups.
Question 1.
Can this story be factually true ?

Answer:
No. This story cannot be factually true.

Question 2.
What, according to you, is the story about ?
Consider the following :
(i) How the world began.
(ii) Why everyone should do his/her share of work seriously.
(iii) How animals are important to humans.
(iv) How the camel got his hump.

Answer:
The story is about (iv) : How the camel got his hump.

Question 3.
What did you do over the weekend ? Were you generally active or idle ? Were you generally active or idle ? Please check your back before starting to discuss or answer the question.

Answer :
Over the weekend I was busy in preparing a project for science. I was generally f active in arranging the required things for it.

Question 4.
There are broadly two categories of workers – those who prefer to do today what they can do tomorrow, and those who prefer to do tomorrow what they can do today. Where do you belong ?

Answer:
I belong to the first category. I prefer to do today what I can do tomorrow.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English It So Happened Chapter 1 How the Camel Got His Hump help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English It So Happened Chapter 1 How the Camel Got His Hump, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 3 Why Do We Need a Parliament

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 3 Why Do We Need a Parliament?

Question 1.
Why do you think the nationalist movement supported the idea that all adults have a right to vote?
Answer:
Under colonial rule, the Indians faced the atrocities of the British government. Indians were forced to agree on many decisions taken by the Britishers. After independence, the national leaders supported the idea that all adults have a right to vote so that every adult can contribute in the formation of the government and all persons would be able to participate in making decisions. It was also important because the government can be formed of people’s choice.

Question 2.
In this 2004, map of Parliamentary constituencies, roughly identify the constituencies in your State. What is the name of the MP from your constituency? How many MPs does your state have? Why are certain constituencies coloured green while others are coloured blue?
Answer:

Question 3.
You have read in Chapter 1 that the ‘Parliamentary form of government’ that exists in India has three tiers. This includes the Parliament (Central Government) and the various State Legislatures (state governments).
Fill in the following table with information on the various representatives from your area:

	State Government.	Central Government
Which political party/parties is/are currently in power?
Who (name) is the current representative from your area?
Which political parties currently form the Opposition?
When were elections last held?
When will the next elections be held?
How  many women representatives are there (from your state)?

Answer:
The answer will vary for each state. One example is:

	State Government (Uttar Pradesh)	Central Government
Which political party/parties is/are currently in power?	Samajwadi Party	BJP Led NDA
Who (name) is the current representative from your area?	Laxmi Kant Vajpayee	Rajender Aggarwal (Meerut)
Which political parties currently form the Opposition?	Bahujan Samajwadi Party	Congress
When were elections last held?	In 2012	In 2014
When will the next elections be held?	In should be 2017	In 2019
How many women representatives are there from your state?	Find yourself	Find yourself

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