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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 3 The Man Who Knew Too Much are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 3 The Man Who Knew Too Much.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 9
Subject	English Literature
Chapter	Chapter 3
Chapter Name	The Man Who Knew Too Much
Number of Questions Solved	9
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 3 The Man Who Knew Too Much

TEXTUAL EXERCISES
(Page 22)

Question 1.
With your partner, discuss and narrate an incident about a person who likes to show off.
Check whether your classmates agree with you.
Answer
Mainly for class level. One such incident is given below :
Last year we had Preeti in our class. Now she has left the school. Preeti was very showy by nature. She belonged to a rich family and had, perhaps, inherited this trait. She always wanted to demonstrate that she was the ultimate genius. So she always spoke before the teacher spoke while teaching. She was snubbed many a time. But she never mended her habits of poking her nose in everybody’s affairs.

After a few months, a new English teacher came. He had a vast knowledge and was, in fact, a master of literature. He taught by precepts and examples. Preeti went on with her habits. One day out of irritation, he called Preeti to him. He then asked her to teach a particular portion of the textbook which had depth of thought. Preeti rose to teach but she fumbled horribly. The whole class roared with laughter and ridicule. This set at rest Preeti’s showing off for sometime.

Question 3.
The ‘Professor’ knew too much. How did he prove himself ? Fill up the space with suitable examples from the story, using the given clues :

1. about muzzle velocity : _____
2. after a thirty mile walk : _____
3. his salute on payday : ______
4. the loud sound of a high flying invisible aeroplane : _______
5. about hand grenades : _______
6. during cook house duties :. _______

Answer

1. He gave the exact speed of the bullet leaving the rifle after being fired.
2. He didn’t feel tired even after thirty mile walk. He would ask then if he could sing a song. It was to show off that thirty mile walk hadn’t tired him.
3. When he saw officers he would swing his arms to salute them. Then he would march to the canteen like a Guardsman.
4. He judged the aeroplane without looking at it and recognising its model or make. He told at once that it was a North American Harvard Trainer. Not only this. He also told its droning sound rose due to the airscrew.
5. One summer afternoon Corporal Turnbull was speaking on hand grenades. He told the squad that a grenade’s outside was divided up into a large number of fragments. It was to assist segmentation. Private Quelch at once spoke that these fragments were forty-four amazing the Corporal. This irritated the Corporal. But he controlled his irritation and asked him to deliver the lecture. Private Quelch delivered a fine lecture on hand grenades.
6. During cookhouse duties he made the three cooks stand against the wall. He then showed his disagreement with the peeling of potatoes. He told them that the method the potatoes were peeled caused much loss in their vitamin values.

Question 4.
Based on your reading of the story, answer the following questions by choosing the correct options.
(a) Private Quelch was nick-named ‘Professor’ because of ____

1. his appearance.
2. his knowledge.
3. his habit of reading.
4. his habit of sermonising.

(b) One could hammer nails into Corporal Turnbull without his noticing it because ____

1. he was a strong and sturdy man.
2. he was oblivious to his surroundings.
3. he was a brave corporal.
4. he was used to it.

(c) The author and his friend Trower fled from the scene as _____

1. they had to catch a train.
2. they could not stand Private Quelch exhibiting his knowledge.
3. they felt they would have to lend a helping hand.
4. they did not want to meet the cooks.

Answer
(a) 2
(b) 1
(c) 2

Question 5.
Answer the following questions briefly :

1. What is a ‘nickname’ ? Can you suggest another one for Private Quelch ?
2. Private Quelch looked like a ‘Professor’ when the author first met him at the training depot. Why ?
   [V. Imp.]
3. What does the dark, sun-dried appearance of the Sergeant suggest about him ?
4. How was Private Quelch’s knowledge exposed even further as the Sergeant’s classes went on ?
5. What did the Professor mean by “intelligent reading” ?
6. What were the Professor’s ambitions in the army ? [V. Imp.]
7. Did Private Quelch’s day to day practices take him closer towards his goal ? How can you make out ?
8. Describe Corporal Turnbull.
9. How did Private Quelch manage to anger the Corporal ? [V. Imp.]
10. Do you think Private Quelch learnt a lesson when he was chosen for cookhouse duties ?

Give reasons for your answer.
Answer
1. Nickname is actually a name given to a person seeing his most prominent character traits. For instance; if a person is skinny, lean and lanky and looks like a cartoon he could be nicknamed as Mr. Skinny, or Mr. Lanky or Mr. Scarecrow. The humorous side is also touched in nicknaming. Another name for Private Quelch could be Mr. Linku or Cheekucheek.

2. Private Quelch looked like a ‘Professor’ because of his being lean, lanky and stooping like most of the Professors. His horn-rimmed spectacles enhanced this image as a man of knowledge who had almost all facets of human knowledge.

3. This suggests that the Sergeant was very confident, harsh and a hard task master. Also he was very much confident of his trade.
4. The Sergeant didn’t bother about Private Quelch’s telling the exact muzzle speed. He had technical definitions of the parts of the rifle, its use and care etc, by heart. He told the Sergeant that it was all due to his intelligent reading.
5. By ‘intelligent reading’ the Professor meant that whatever one read one was to keep that in mind. One was to memorize and apply the knowledge in increasing it more.
6. The Professor wanted a commission in the army. But before that he would strive for various stripes, that is, decoration ribbons.

7. Yes, I think his day to day practices took him closer towards his goal. He wanted a commission in the army. His knowledge about things relating to it would prove a plus point in his attaining his goal of life. Then he remained physically untired even after thirty mile walk-off. These two things bring a man closer to his goal in the defence forces.

8. Corporal Turnbull was a young man with a serious nature. He was wise and practical. He couldn’t be trifled with. He was the hero of the squad. One summer afternoon he was talking about the segments of a hand grenade without telling how many these were. Private Quelch interrupted him saying these were forty-four. This shocked the Corporal and he tossed the hand grenade to the Professor. He asked him to deliver the lecture. When Private Quelch finished he thanked him.

9. Private Quelch angered the squad at many occasions. In recognising the aeroplane, he humbled the narrator and others. Then he cut a joke of presenting a song after a thirty-mile walk-off which had drained all. They could hardly speak due to tiredness. But he wasn’t. Finally, his commentary on peeling the potatoes that resulted in the loss of vitamin values angered the narrator. The narrator had to flee due to that.

10. I don’t think Private Quelch learnt a lesson in his cookhouse duties. If he had had such a sensitive nature he would have learnt it when the Sergeant posed questions to him. In a way, to poke one’s nose in all spheres had become Private Quelch’s habit. He never minded if he was belittled or made fun of. He only made the narrator flee because of his professional habits.

Question 6.
At first, Private Quelch was a hero in the eyes of his fellow soldiers. Support this observation with suitable examples from the story in about 100 words.
Answer
Yes, Private Quelch was a hero in the eyes of his fellow soldiers. It was due to his intelligence and knowledge. His knowledge covered all aspects of human life. He had read a large number of military or army manuals. He spoke with confidence and corrected the Sergeant when he told the muzzle speed. The Sergeant felt insulted. He directed more questions to Private Quelch. In answering to those questions Quelch raised his status in the eyes of his soldiers.

Then he remained untired even after walking thirty mile walk-off. He told the Sergeant that his knowledge was all due to intelligent reading. His lecture after Corporal Turnbull asked him to deliver won him glory. Then his recognition of the aeroplane by its droning sound raised his glory. Clearly, Private Quelch had a genuine aim to get a commission in the army. He rightly deserved it because of his vast knowledge about military discipline and physical fitness.

Question 7.
Private Quelch knew ‘too much’. Give reasons to prove that he was unable to win the admiration of his superior officers or his colleagues in about 100 words.
Answer
It is a fact that Private Quelch knew ‘too much’ about army things. But he lacked ability to win the hearts and admiration of his superior officers or colleagues. He had a vast knowledge of military affairs. He had a specific aim of getting a commission. But his knowledge, discipline, physical ability and other things were not everything to fulfil his goal. He had a serious weakness of character. He spoke but not at a right time and to right people.

His correcting the Sergeant about the muzzle velocity amounted to indiscipline. Then it irritated and hurt the Sergeant’s ego. Officers like the Sergeant and Corporal Turnbull could recommend his case for a commission because of their goodness and genuine human qualities. But Private Quelch spoiled his own case by knowing “too much” of everything. Finally, he made all his enemies by his immature ‘talkativeness’. The narrator naturally fled when Private Quelch talked of vitamin loss in the peeling of potatoes.

Question 8.

1. Write down the positive and negative traits of Private Quelch’s character instances from the story.
2. Now, share your notes with the class. Add details if you need to.
3. Attempt a character sketch of Private Quelch using your notes in about 100 words. [V. Imp.]

Answer
1.

Positive traits	Instances from the story
(i) intelligence	correcting muzzle’ velocity
(ii) untiredness	willing to sing a song even after 30-mile walk-off
(iii) hardworking in pursuit of his ambition	reading, marching, taking care of his fellow- trainers
(iv) mental and physical alertness	feeling fresh even after walking 30 miles, ready to sing a song thereafter

negative traits	Instances from the story
(i) indisciplined	correcting the Sergeant in his comment on the muzzle velocity
(ii) quick-witted	in his answer to the Sergeant when he asked if he had any training before
(iii) talkativeness and willingness to be number one in almost things	his lecturing to other trainers on every aspect of human knowledge
(iv) over-indulgence in the affairs of all	His saying “Thank you, sir !” when he was not needed. It was at the time when the narrator had cleaned his hut and the Orderly Officer had praised him.

2. Students to share these notes with other students at class level.
3. Private Quelch was, no doubt, intelligent more than required. He was specific and clear in his goal of life. He wanted to have a commission in the army. He had motivated himself towards attaining this goal. He was hardworking. He had read many training manuals to be perfect in his knowledge of military or army things. He had physical ability also.

This is clear in his being unexhausted even after a thirty-mile walk-off. Then his readiness to help and correct others almost to the point of selflessness made him a perfect military man. He had a large heart also as he didn’t mind when others made fun of him. But despite these plus points he had some negative points. These made him unwanted and hateful. For instance, his correcting the Sergeant in his muzzle speed and lecturing the cooks over the peeling of the potatoes made him undesirable and a man to avoid.

WRITING TASK
Question 9.
You are the ‘ProfessorWrite a diary entry after your first day at the cookhouse, describing the events that led to this assignment, also express your thoughts and feelings about the events of the day in about 175 words. [V. Imp.]
Answer
10th September, 2015 10.00 pm
I feel a bit excited at my nomination for permanent cookhouse duties. I think, I deserved it due to my intelligence and sincerity to the subject and devotion. Secondly, my readiness to help all and my vast knowledge shall enable me to achieve my goal. I shall surely earn a commission in the army.

I have already made myself known in the field of knowledge about almost all things. These relate to army, ammunition, enemy tactics etc. I have acquired all this knowledge by intelligent reading. This should be the level of knowledge for a person who wants a commission in the army. The Sergeant and Corporal Turnbull should feel proud of me due to my correcting them on the muzzle speed and hand grenades.

The platoon officer deserves all thanks to have given me the cookhouse duties. How I called the cooks to lecture them on preserving the nutritional values of the food items ! They were amazed at my knowledge and practical advice. I rightly told them how food could be cooked without wasting its nutritional value. I asked my fellow-soldiers about the food cooked under my directions. They all expressed their joy over its taste. But some expressed amazement.

I must thank Corporal Turnbull for putting me on cookhouse duties. When I told my soldier-fellows of it, I appeared very innocent. But I stood nominated by him, though they kept this as a joke for days together.

I am confident that I shall prove my worth with great dedication and devotion to my duties. All will be greatly benefited by my knowledge and expertise.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 6 भगवान के डाकिए are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 6 भगवान के डाकिए.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 8
Subject	Hindi Vasant
Chapter	Chapter 6
Chapter Name	भगवान के डाकिए
Number of Questions Solved	15
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 6 भगवान के डाकिए

प्रश्न-अभ्यास
(पाठ्यपुस्तक से)

कविता से

प्रश्न 1. कवि ने पक्षी और बादल को भगवान के डाकिए क्यों बताया है? स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तर :
पक्षी और बादल को भगवान के डाकिए इसलिए बताया गया है क्योंकि
(क) पक्षी और बादल वह चिट्ठियाँ लाते हैं, जिसमें भगवान द्वारा भेजा गया संदेश होता है।
(ख) ये इंसानी डाकियों के विपरीत मनुष्य द्वारा बनाई सीमा में बँधकर काम नहीं करते हैं।
(ग) इनकी लाई चिट्ठियों को मनुष्य नहीं पढ़ पाता है। इन चिट्ठियाँ को पेड़, पर्वत, पौधे, पानी तथा पहाड़ पढ़ते हैं।
(घ) इनमें निहित संदेश किसी व्यक्ति विशेष के लिए न होकर सारे संसार के लिए होता है। दूसरे शब्दों में ये विश्वबंधुत्व को संदेश फैलाते हैं।

प्रश्न 2. पक्षी और बादल द्वारा लाई गई चिट्ठियों को कौन-कौन पढ़ पाते हैं? सोचकर लिखिए।
उत्तर :
पक्षी और बादल द्वारा लाई गई चिट्ठियों को मनुष्य नहीं पढ़ पाते हैं। इन चिट्ठियों को प्रकृति के विभिन्न अंग पेड़, पौधे, पहाड़, पानी आदि पढ़ पाते हैं।

प्रश्न 3. किन पंक्तियों का भाव है
(क) पक्षी और बादल प्रेम, सद्भाव और एकता का संदेश एक देश से दूसरे देश को भेजते हैं।
(ख) प्रकृति देश-देश में भेदभाव नहीं करती। एक देश से उठा बादल दूसरे देश में बरस जाता है।
उत्तर :

(क)
पक्षी और बादल,
ये भगवान के डाकिए हैं,
जो एक महादेश से
दूसरे महादेश को जाते हैं।
हम तो समझ नहीं पाते हैं।
मगर उनकी लाई चिट्ठियाँ
पेड़, पौधे, पानी और पहाड़
बाँचते हैं।

(ख)
एक देश की धरती दूसरे
देश को सुंगध भेजती है।
और वह सौरभ हवा में तैरते हुए
पक्षियों की पाँखों पर तिरता है।
और एक देश का भाप
दूसरे देश में पानी
बनकर गिरता है।

प्रश्न 4. पक्षी और बादल की चिट्ठियों में पेड़-पौधे, पानी और पहाड़ क्या पढ़ पाते हैं?
उत्तर :
पक्षी और बादल की लाई चिट्ठियों में पौधे, पेड़, पानी और पहाड़ यह पढ़ पाते हैं कि प्रकृति में उनके आस-पास जो सौरभ उड़ रहा है तथा जल जो वाष्प रूप में चारों ओर विद्यमान है, उसे दूर-दूर तक पहुँचाना है। इस काम का प्रसार दूर-दूर तक अन्य देशों में भी चाहिए। इस कार्य को बिना किसी भेदभाव के स्वच्छंदतापूर्वक संपन्न करना है।

प्रश्न 5. “एक देश की धरती दूसरे देश को सुगंध भेजती है”-कथन का भाव स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तर :
‘एक देश की धरती दूसरे देश को सुगंध भेजती है’ पंक्ति का भाव यह है कि धरती के लिए इसे पृथ्वी के सभी मनुष्य एक समान हैं। वे कहीं के भी वासी क्यों न हो। प्रकृति (धरती) स्थान का भेदभाव किए बिना अपने-पराए की भावना से ऊपर उठकर सुगंध भेजती है। इस सुगंध में प्रेम, एकता, सद्भाव तथा समानता का संदेश छिपा होता है।

पाठ से आगे

प्रश्न 1. पक्षी और बादल की चिट्ठियों के आदान-प्रदान को आप किस दृष्टि से देख सकते हैं?
उत्तर :
पक्षी और बादल की चिट्ठियों के आदान-प्रदान को हम प्रेम, एकता, समानता और सद्भाव के आदान-प्रदान के रूप में देखते हैं। इन चिट्ठियों में भगवान द्वारा भेजा गया संदेश छिपा होता है, जिसे हम समझ पाने में असमर्थ होते हैं। भगवान का यह संदेश किसी जाति, धर्म, संप्रदाय, स्थान विशेष पर रहने वालों के लिए नहीं बल्कि संपूर्ण विश्व के लोगों के लिए होता है।

प्रश्न 2. आज विश्व में कहीं भी संवाद भेजने और पाने का एक बड़ा साधन इंटरनेट है। पक्षी और बादल की चिट्ठियों की तुलना इंटरनेट से करते हुए दस पंक्तियाँ लिखिए।
उत्तर :
पक्षी और बादल द्वारा लाई गई चिट्ठियों में भगवान द्वारा भेजा गया संदेश होता है, क्योंकि ये चिट्ठियाँ भगवान की होती हैं। इन चिट्ठियों को मनुष्य नहीं पढ़ पाता है। इनको प्रकृति के विभिन्न अंग पेड़, पौधे, पानी और पहाड़ पढ़ पाते हैं। इन चिट्ठियों में निहित संदेश किसी व्यक्ति या स्थान विशेष पर रहने वालों के लिए नहीं होता है। सामान्यतया इनमें विश्वबंधुत्व, प्रेम, सद्भाव तथा एकता का संदेश निहित होता है। इसके विपरीत इंटरनेट वर्तमान में प्रचलित संचार के साधनों में प्रमुख है। यह विज्ञान की अद्भुत खोज है। जिसकी मदद से संदेश भेजा तथा प्राप्त किया जा सकता है। इससे व्यक्ति अपने जान-पहचान वालों को जब चाहे, जहाँ चाहे संदेशों का आदान-प्रदान कर सकता है। ये संदेश नितांत निजी होते हैं, जिन्हें आसानी से पढ़ा जा सकता है। इससे संदेशों का आदान-प्रदान तुरंत हो जाता है।

प्रश्न 3. हमारे जीवन में डाकिए की भूमिका’ क्या है? इस विषय पर दस वाक्य लिखिए।
उत्तर :
डाकिया वह सरकारी कर्मचारी होता है जिसका हमारे जीवन से घनिष्ठ संबंध होता है। वह पत्र, मनीऑर्डर आदि हम तक पहुँचाता है, जिसका इंतजार हम सभी को होता है। डाकिए का महत्त्व आज के दौर में और भी बढ़ जाता है। जब संयुक्त परिवार टूट रहे हैं, और लोग अपनी रोटी-रोजी के लिए दूरदराज शहरों में बस रहे हैं। वह हमारे प्रियजनों, निकट संबंधियों की सभी खबरें लाता है जो कभी तो मनुष्य को खुशी से भर देती हैं तो कभी गम के सागर में डुबो देती हैं हमारी अर्थव्यवस्था में मनीऑर्डर के महत्त्व को ग्रामीण लोगों से बेहतर भला कौन समझ सकता है। दूरदराज तथा ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों में मनीऑर्डर हेतु डाकिए की राह देखी जाती है कि कब वह ‘देवदूत’ आए और घरों का चूल्हा जले। इसके अलावा वे अपनी अनेक आवश्यकताओं की पूर्ति के लिए भी डाकिए का इंतजार करते हैं। इस प्रकार हम कह सकते हैं कि डाकिए का हमारे जीवन में महत्त्वपूर्ण भूमिका है।

अनुमान और कल्पना

प्रश्न 1. डाकिया इंटरनेट के वर्ल्ड वाइड वेब (डब्ल्यू.डब्ल्यू.डब्ल्यू: www) तथा पक्षी और बादल-इस तीनों संदेश वाहकों के विषय में अपनी कल्पना से एक लेख तैयार कीजिए। ‘चिट्ठियों की अनूठी दुनिया’ पाठ का सहयोग ले सकते
उत्तर :
छात्र स्वयं करें।

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 6 भगवान के डाकिए help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 6 भगवान के डाकिए, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Beehive Chapter 10 Kathmandu are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Beehive Chapter 10 Kathmandu.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 9
Subject	English Beehive
Chapter	Chapter 10
Chapter Name	Kathmandu
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Beehive Chapter 10 Kathmandu

TEXTBOOK EXERCISES
(Page 131)

THINKING ABOUT THE TEXT
Activity
1. On the following map mark out the route, which the author thought of but did not take, to Delhi.

Answer
Route is shown by dotted line

1. Kathmandu to Patna by bus & train
2. Patna to Allahabad by boat/Ganges
3. Allahabad to Delhi by boat/Yamuna

2. Find out the possible routes (by rail, road or air) from Kathmandu to New Delhi! Mumbai / Kolkata / Chennai.

Answer
For self-attempt. Students may take the Atlas of the country and see or find themselves the air, road routes from Kathmandu to New Delhi/Mumbai/Kolkata/Chennai.
Some possible routes are :
By Road

1.  Kathmandu – Viratnagar – Patna
2.  Kathmandu – Nepalganj – Gorakhpur

By Rail

1. Patna – Delhi
2. Gorakhpur – Delhi
3. Patna – Kolkata
4. Gorakhpur – Varanasi – Kolkata
5. Patna – Allahabad – Mumbai
6. Gorakhpur – Allahabad – Mumbai
7. Patna – Khadagpur – Chennai
8. Gorakhpur – Allahabad – Nagpur – Chennai

I. Answer these questions in one or two words or in short phrases.

1. Name the two temples the author visited in Kathmandu.
2. The writer says, “All this I wash down with Coca Cola.” What does ‘all this’ refer to ?
3. What does Vikram Seth compare to the quills of a porcupine ?
4. Name five kinds of flutes.

Answers

1. These two temples are : Pashupatinath and Baudhnath stupa.
2. It is : com-on-the-cob and marzipan.
3. He compares flutes tied on the top of the flute seller’s pole to the quills of a porcupine.
4. These are : the reed neh, the recorder, the Japanese shakuhachi, the deep bansuri, the breathy flutes of South America, the high-pitched Chinese flutes.

II. Answer each question in a short paragraph.
1. What difference does the author note between the flute seller and the other hawkers ?
Or
What is the difference between the behaviour of the flute seller and that of the other hawkers ? (CBSE)
2. What is the belief at Pashupatinath about the end ofKaliyug ?
3. The author has drawn powerful images and pictures. Pick out three examples each of
(i) the atmosphere of‘febrile confusion’ outside the temple of Pashupatinath (for example: some people trying to get the priest’s attention are elbowed aside…)
(ii) the things he sees
(iii) the sounds he hears.

Answers
1. The author sees the difference in how they are sold. Other sellers cry out their wares to sell. But the flute seller sells his wares in an off – handed way.

2. It is that when the small shrine on Bagmati river comes out fully, the goddess inside will escape. Then the Kaliyug will end on the earth.

3. (i) Monkeys fight among themselves. They jump on to a shivalinga. They run round the temples. They make a noise and show their teeth. Priests, hawkers, devotees, cows, pigeons, dogs roam here and there.
(ii) The author sees people, animals and birds roaming here and there. A princess of the Nepalese royal house appears. All bow and make way. He also sees a party of saffron-clad Westerners. They struggle to enter the temple.
(iii) He hears the sounds of songs. Cows low and vendors shout out their wares. He hears these sounds. He finds the flute sound of the flute seller sweet and melodious.

III. Answer the following questions in not more than 100-150 words each.
1. Compare and contrast the atmosphere in and around the Baudhnath shrine with the Pashupatinath temple. (CBSE) (Imp.)
Or
How does Vikram Seth find the atmosphere in and around the Baudhnath stupa quite in contrast to that of the Pashupatinath shrine ? (CBSE)
2. How does the author describe Kathmandu’s busiest streets ?
Or
What observations does the author make about the Kathmandu bazaar ? (CBSE)
3. “To hear any flute is to be drawn into the commonality of all mankind.” Why does the author say this ?
(V. Imp.)

Answers
1. The atmosphere in and around Baudhnath shrine offers a contrast’to that of the Pashupatinath temple. At Pashupatinath, the atmosphere is of febrile confusion. But at Baudhnath stupa there is stillness. At the road outside the Pashupatinath temple, it is all disorder and disquiet. Some people try to enter the temple. A policeman stops them.

He sees that they are not Hindus. Monkeys fight and chase each other. One monkey jumps on to a shivalinga. Then he runs screaming around the temples. The river Bagmati flows below the temple. The old offerings of flowers and leaves are dropped into it. On the other hand, the big dome of Baudhnath stupa is ringed by a road. But there are no crowds there.

बौद्धनाथ मंदिर के अंदर और आस-पास का वातावरण पशुपतिनाथ मंदिर के वातावरण के बिल्कुल विपरीत है। पशुपतिनाथ के आस-पास उत्तेजनापूर्ण अस्तव्यस्तता का वातावरण है। परन्तु बौद्धनाथ स्तूप के पास शांति छायी हुई है। पशुपति नाथ मंदिर के बाहर सड़क पर सर्वत्र अव्यवस्था और अशांति है। कुछ लोग अंदर प्रवेश पाने के इच्छुक हैं। एक पुलिस का सिपाही उन्हें रोकता है। वह देखता है कि वे हिन्दू नहीं हैं। बंदर लड़ते और एक-दूसरे का पीछा करते हैं। एक बंदर एक शिवलिंग पर चढ़ जाता है। वह फिर चीखता हुआ मंदिरों के आस-पास भागता रहता है। मंदिर के नीचे बागमती नदी बहती है। इसमें पहले चढाये गये फूल और पत्ते बहा दिये जाते हैं। दूसरी ओर बौद्धनाथ स्तूप के चारों तरफ एक गोल सड़क है। परंतु वहाँ पर भीड़ नहीं है।

2. The streets of Kathmandu are full of life. These are full of small shops and vendors. They sell things of tourists’ interest. There are fruit sellers, flute sellers, hawkers of picture postcards and shops. These shops sell Western cosmetics. There are other shops also there. From them you can get film rolls and chocolates, or copper utensils and Nepalese antiques.

There is much noise. Radios blare out film music, car horns sound and bicycle bells ring. Stray cows low. Vendors shout out their wares. The author bought a roasted corn-cob from the pavement. He also bought a sweet dish, an orange drink and coca- cola. In fact, the bazaar is like a fair.

काठमांडू की गलियाँ जीवन से भरी हैं। ये छोटी-छोटी दुकानों और फेरी वालों से भरी हैं। वे यात्रियों की रुचि का सामान बेचते हैं। फल बेचने वाले, बाँसुरी वाले, तस्वीरों वाले पोस्टकार्ड के विक्रेता और दुकानें हैं। ये दुकानें पश्चिमी सौंदर्य प्रसाधन बेचती हैं। वहाँ पर कुछ अन्य दुकानें भी हैं। वहाँ से आप फिल्मों की रीलें और चाकलेट या फिर ताँबे के बर्तन और नेपाली पुरावस्तुएँ प्राप्त कर सकते हैं।
चारों तरफ शोर ही शोर है। रेडियो से ऊँची आवाज में फिल्म-संगीत बजता है ; कारों के हार्न और साइकिल की घंटियाँ बजती हैं। आवारा गायें रँभाती हैं। फेरी वाले ऊँची आवाज में अपना माल बेचते हैं। लेखक ने पगडण्डी से एक भुट्टा खरीदा। उसने एक मिठाई, एक संतरी पेय पदार्थ और कोका कोला भी लिया। वास्तव में यह बाजार एक मेले जैसा है।

3. The author says so due to various reasons. For him or for anybody flute music is the most universal. It is also the most particular of sounds. The flute seller doesn’t sell one type of flutes only. Every culture has its own flute. They are different from each other. The flute seller does not shout out his wares. He simply plays different tunes on his flute. When he plays, the sound affects each and everyone. It touches everyone’s heart. So that way the author is drawn into the commonality of all mankind.

लेखक कई कारणों से ऐसा कहता है। उसके लिए या किसी के लिए बाँसुरी का संगीत अत्यधिक सार्वभौमिक है। आवाजों में यह अत्यधिक खास भी है। बाँसुरी विक्रेता एक ही प्रकार की बाँसुरी नहीं बेचता। हरेक संस्कृति की अपनी ही एक बाँसुरी है। वे एक दूसरी से भिन्न हैं। बाँसुरी विक्रेता चिल्ला कर अपना माल नहीं बेचता। वह सिर्फ अपनी बाँसुरी पर तरह-तरह की धुनें निकालता है। जब वह बजाता है तो आवाज हरेक व्यक्ति को प्रभावित करती है। यह सभी का दिल छू लेती है। इस प्रकार इस तरीके से लेखक मानवता के समाज में खिंचा चला आता है।

THINKING ABOUT LANGUAGE
I. Read the following sentences carefully to understand the meaning of the italicised phrases. Then match the phrasal verbs in Column A with their meanings in Column B.

1. A communal war broke out when the princess was abducted by the neighbouring prince.
2. The cockpit broke o/f from the plane during the plane crash.
3. The car broke down on the way and we were left stranded in the jungle.
4. The dacoit broke away from the police as they took him to court.
5. The brothers broke up after the death of the father.
6. The thief broke into our house when we were away.

A	B
(i) break out	(a) to come apart due to force
(ii) break off	(b) end a relationship
(iii) break down	(c) break and enter illegally; unlawful trespassing
(iv) break away (from someone)	(d) to start suddenly, (usually a fight, a war or a disease)
(v) break up	(e) to escape from someone’s grip
(vi) break into	(f) stop working

Answer

A	B
(i) break out	(d) to start suddenly, (usually a fight, a war or a disease)
(ii) break off	(a) to come apart due to force
(iii) break down	(f) stop working
(iv) break away (from someone)	(b) end a relationship
(v) break up	(e) to escape from someone’s grip
(vi) break into	(c) break and enter illegally; unlawful trespassing

II. 1. Use the suffixes -ion or -tion to form nouns from the following verbs. Make the necessary changes in the spellings of the words.
Example : proclaim – proclamation

1. cremate ……
2. act ……..
3. exhaust …….
4. invent …….
5. tempt …….
6. immigrate …….
7. direct …….
8. meditate ……..
9. imagine ……..
10. dislocate …….
11. associate ……..
12. dedicate ……..

Answer

1. cremation
2. action
3. exhaustion
4. invention
5. temptation
6. immigration
7. direction
8. meditation
9. imagination
10. dislocation
11. association
12. dedication

2. Now fill in the blanks with suitable words from the ones that you have formed.

1. Mass literacy was possible only after the …….. of the printing machine.
2. Ramesh is unable to tackle the situation as he lacks …….. .
3. I could not resist the …….. to open the letter.
4. Hardwork and ………. are the main keys to success.
5. The children were almost fainting with ………. after being made to stand in the sun.

Answer

1. invention
2. imagination
3. temptation
4. dedication
5. exhaustion.

III. Punctuation
Use capital letters, full stops, question marks, commas and inverted commas wherever necessary in the following paragraph.
an arrogant lion was wandering through the jungle one day he asked the tiger who is stronger than you you O lion replied the tiger who is more fierce than a leopard asked the lion you sir replied the leopard he marched upto an elephant and asked the same question the elephant picked him up in his trunk swung him in the air and threw him down look said the lion there is no need to get mad just because you don’t know the answer

Answer
An arrogant lion was wandering through the jungle one day. He asked the tiger, “Who ‘ is stronger than you ?” “You, O ! lion,” replied the tiger. ‘Who is more fierce than a leopard ?” asked the lion. “You, sir,” replied the leopard. He marched up to an elephant and asked the same question. The elephant picked him up in his trunk, swung him in the air and threw him down. “Look”, said the lion, “there is no need to get mad just because you don’t know the answer.”

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
(i) The heart is a pump that …… (send) the blood circulating through our body. The pumping action ……. (take place) when the left ventricle of the heart ……. (contract). This …… (force) the blood out into the arteries, which ……. (expand) to receive the oncoming blood.

(ii) The African lungfish can live without water for up to four years. During a drought it …….. (dig) a pit and ……. (enclose) itself in a capsule of slime and earth, leaving a tiny opening for air. The capsule …….. (dry) and …….. (harden), but when rain ……… (come), the mud …….. (dissolve) and the lungfish …… (swim) away.

(iii) Mahesh : We have to organise a class party for our teacher. …… (Do) anyone play an instrument ?
Vipul : Rohit …… (play) the flute.
Mahesh : ……. (Do) he also act ?
Vipul : No, he ……. (compose) music.
Mahesh : That’s wonderful!

Answers
(i) sends, takes place, contracts, forces, expands
(ii) digs, encloses, dries, hardens, comes, dissolves, swims
(iii) Does, plays, Does, doesn’t compose.

WRITING
Diary entry for a travelogue
I. The text you read is a travelogue where the author, Vikram Seth, talks about his visit to two sacred places in Kathmandu.
Imagine that you were with Vikram Seth on his visit to Pashupatinath temple, and you were noting down all that you saw and did there, so that you could write a travelogue later.
Record in point form

1. what you see when you reach the Pashupatinath temple
2. what you see happening inside the temple
3. what you do when inside the temple
4. what you see outside the temple
5. what your impressions are about the place.

Answers
1. Things seen at the Pashupatinath temple
A sign proclaiming: ‘Entrance for the Hindus only’. Priests, hawkers, devotees, tourists, cows, monkeys, pigeons, dogs roam about. A crowd of worshippers.

2. What is happening inside the temple
Many worshippers. People getting priest’s attention elbowed out. A princess of Nepalese royal house appears. Saffron-clad Westerners try to enter. Policeman. Monkeys fight. Jump onto a shivalinga.

3. What you do when inside the temple
No such description or reference.

4. What you do outside the temple
Bagmati seen flowing. A corpse is being cremated. Washerwomen work and children bathe. A basket of flowers and leaves dropped into the river.

5. What your impressions are about the place
Place most sacred for the Hindus. Worshippers don’t mind the crowd. They jostle their way inside. They don’t mind even when jostled. Place presents a scene of a big market where everything sells.

II. Here is your diary entry when you visited Agra. Read the points and try to write a travelogue describing your visit to Agra and the Taj Mahal. You may add more details.
January 2003 ……. rise before dawn ……. take the Shatabdi Express at 6.15 a.m. from Delhi …… meet a newly-married couple on train ….. talk about Himachal Pradesh …… get off the train …… enter the once-grand city, Agra …… twisted alleys ……. traffic dense …….. rickshaws, cars, people ……. vendors selling religious artifacts, plastic toys, spices and sweets …… go to the Taj Mahal …….. constructed entirely of white marble …… magical quality …….. colour changes with varying of light and shadow ……… marble with gemstones inside …….. reflection of the Taj Mahal in the pond ……. school-children, tourists ……. tourist guides following people.

Answer
It was January 2003. I rose before dawn and got ready to catch the Shatabdi Express at 6.15 am from Delhi. I met a newly-married couple on the train. They talked about Himachal Pradesh. I got off the train at Agra. It was a strange experience to move in the twisted alleys of Agra, once-grand city. The traffic was dense with rickshaws, cars, pedestrians, vendors selling religious artifacts, plastic toys, spices and sweets.

At last I reached the Taj Mahal. It is really a dream made physical. It has its own magical quality. It has been constructed entirely of white marble. It has got a strange effect on the onlooker. The marble changes colours with varying of light and shadow. The marble inside is inlaid with gemstones. The pond has the reflection of the Taj Mahal. There was a big crowd of school children, tourists etc., followed by the tourist guides to make quite bucks.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Beehive Chapter 10 Kathmandu help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Beehive Chapter 10 Kathmandu, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 2 Chapter 3 Ordeal in the Ocean are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 2 Chapter 3 Ordeal in the Ocean.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 9
Subject	English Main Course Book
Chapter	Unit 2 Chapter 3
Chapter Name	Ordeal in the Ocean
Category	NCERT Solutions

CBSE Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 2 Adventure Chapter 3 Ordeal in the Ocean

TEXTUAL EXERCISES
(Page 34)

ORDEAL IN THE OCEAN :
In this section we shall read an adventure story entitled ‘Ordeal in the Ocean’, in which you will probably come across some unfamiliar words. Therefore, before we read the story, we shall have some more ‘puzzling out’ practice.

Question 1.
Read the following extracts from the story, and try to puzzle out the meanings of the encircled words from other words and phrases in the extract. Write the clues in the empty boxes. Then give your own explanation of the encircled word.
(a)
I saw individual stars, but I could not distinguish the constellation they belonged to. Then dawn came and put out all my stars. Therefore constellation means ___________________ .

(b)
Indeed there had been a distant rumbling for some time, although I had paid no attention to it. Now I started listening and I thought it sounded like the characteristic noise of jet airplanes constantly landing and taking off. Therefore rumbling means ___________________ .

(c)
It was a gigantic wave with steep, very slowly falling crests. Never in my life had I seen such an enormous wave. It seemed to be touching the sky. Therefore gigantic means ___________________ .

(d)
The wave did not break over me as I assumed it would. An irresistible force dragged me up its steep slope, right to the very foot of the falling crest. Therefore irresistible means ___________________ .

(e)
For a moment I found myself in the air under the crest, as if in a cave. Then, my body was in the swirling current of water; the inner power of the wave turned me head over heels several times, twisting me in all directions before it tired. Therefore swirling means ___________________ .

(f)
Around me I could see random currents of water, splashes of foam and phosphorescent spray all swirling about…. I left a trail of luminous water and my body glittered like some princess’s ball gown. Therefore phosphorescent means __________________.

Answer :
(a) group of stars
(b) a deep heavy continuous sound
(c) very huge, large-sized, enormous
(d) a force which cannot be resisted
(e) moving or twisting in all directions
(f) brightened or beautiful, luminous

Question 2.
Suppose you are on a ship, far out to sea. Something happens, and you find yourself in the water. The ship continues on its journey. Discuss the following with your partner and share your views with the class

• How long do you think you can stay alive in the water ?
• How will you know which way to swim ?
• What dangers will you face ?

Answer :

• Staying alive in the water in such a circumstance depends on many things. These may be the condition of the sea, sea winds and my physical and mental courage. Normally, if I find myself in water, I, perhaps, may stay alive for about 10-15 hours. But everything depends on the situation. It is quite possible I may not last for more than a minute.
• The position of the stars in the sky would help me know which way to swim.
• The dangers will come mainly from the sea. These might be from sea animals, like sharks, whales etc. Secondly, the sea storm or cyclonic waves would also pose many dangers.

Question 3.
‘Ordeal in the Ocean’ is the story of Slava Kurilov, a Russian who faced a remarkable trial by water. Slava kurilov tells his own story. Read on …
Answer :
When the liner had finally vanished over the horizon, I was absolutely alone in the stormy night sea. First I thought I had to swim one way, then another. It was not even midnight yet, and I had no hope at all of finding my way in this terrible night time ocean. I began to feel afraid. Waves of fear rolled through me, starting from my hands and feet, attacking my heart and then passing through my neck to my head. Waves broke over me and water went into my snorkel. I realised I would not be able to last even half an hour in such a condition.

I saw individual stars, but I could not distinguish the constellation they belonged to. Then dawn came and put out all my starsand I felt my solitude more keenly. The sky was grey at first, then blue-violet shades appeared. In a few minutes, the colours became brighter, with dark red strips cutting across the sky!

The rising sun came up over the ocean. I was surrounded by large waves. The clouds turned pink and swept across the sky in all directions. It was a windy day. There was no land visible. I grew alarmed. Had I made a mistake in my calculations? Perhaps the current had carried me a long a way off the course during the night? An hour passed, perhaps two.

“Land!!!” I could not deny myself the pleasure of shouting the magic word aloud and of hearing my own voice. Perhaps it was my ghostly island of Siargao? I almost felt I had succeeded – now at least I had hope. The sun looked out for the last time, as if it were saying goodbye to me, and hid itself away again. In a few minutes the sky filled with all the colours of a rainbow, the bright shades changing and merging as I watched. At first the clouds became deep red and then their edges turned bright orange. A little while afterwards, the clouds turned lilac and dark violet. Darkness fell swiftly. My second lonely night in the ocean began. The stars came out unnoticed. I changed course and headed for the south west. As it turned out, this was an unforgivable mistake.

Evening was approaching. The ocean around me was full of life; large fish often leapt out of the water and big birds flew right above my head. I could see the island distinctly now. A line of dancing palms stretched the length of its shore. The sides of the mountain were covered in many different shades of green. An hour passed, perhaps more. It was extraordinarily quiet.

Then suddenly to my horror, I discovered my island had noticeably begun to move north and was drifting further and further in that direction right before my eyes. Before I had worked out what was happening and could sharply change my course towards the north, the southern tip of the island had appeared in front of me and, beyond that, open ocean stretched to the very horizon. I was totally at the mercy of the current and realised to my alarm that it was slowly carrying me past land.

My third night in the ocean crept up unnoticed. This third night in the ocean was very dark, much darker than the two previous ones. I almost decided to die as I had no hope of seeing another dawn.

I was suddenly aware of a quiet voice: “Swim to the sound of the breakers.” Indeed, there had been a distant rumbling for some time, although I had paid no attention to it. Now I started listening and I thought it sounded like the characteristic noise of jet aeroplanes constantly landing and taking off. The voice inside kept insisting that I should swim towards this thunder of waves.

At last I obeyed. Again I heard an approaching rumble. What I suddenly saw at a distance of about 30 or 40 metres has imprinted itself on my memory forever. It was a gigantic wave with steep, very slowly falling crests. Never in my life had I seen such an enormous wave – it even seemed to be touching the sky. It moved very slowly and was fantastically beautiful.

The wave did not break over me as I assumed it would. An irresistible force dragged me up its steep slope right to the very foot of the falling crest. Instinctively I clutched my mask snorkel and managed to take a deep breath. The crest started to break over me and pulled me under it. For a moment, I found myself in the air under the crest as if in a cave. Then my body was in a swirling current of water; the inner power of the wave turned me head over heels several times, twisting me in all directions before it tired.

I realised that I had to try to keep my body on the crest and I quickly took up a horizontal position. This time the wave quickly grabbed me and carried me at great speed for quite a long distance on its crest.

I got up to the surface easily and swam in the direction the waves were heading. “Somewhere there, beyond the reef, there should be a lagoon,” I hoped. Suddenly, I felt something hard under my feet. I could stand up to my chest in water! Around me I could see random currents of water, splashes of foam and phosphorescent spray all swirling about. Before I fully came to my senses, another large wave approached and carried me some distance further. I was up to my waist in water when a new wave picked me up, taking me several metres forward. Now the depth of the water was only up to my knees. I had enough time to take a few tentative steps, to catch my breath and look around.

I surfaced at the foot of very tall palm trees. I left a trail of luminous water and my body glittered like some princess’s ball-gown. Only now did I feel completely safe. The ocean was behind me…

Question 4.
Below are some incomplete sentences about the story. Complete each sentence appropriately, according to the story.

1. Slava Kurilov was in the water because he … Evidence for this is …
2. His biggest mistake was when he …
3. He decided to die because …
4. He was carried towards the lagoon when he decided to …

Answer :

1. Slava Kurilov was in the water because he jumped into the sea and was swimming. Evidence for this is (that) he had a snorkel and mask, and he referred to his “calculations”.
2. His biggest mistake was when he changed the course and so was carried past the island/swam to the southeast direction.
3. He decided to die because he lost hope of seeing another dawn.
4. He was carried towards the lagoon when he decided to swim towards the breakers, that is, breaking waves.

Question 5.
Below is a map of the area in which Slava Kurilov faced his ordeal. You will also see the major events in the story, in mixed order, each accompanied by a symbol. After you have read ‘Ordeal in the Ocean’, draw the appropriate symbol against each x mark. (One is already drawn for you.) Draw the symbols or number the symbols, and transfer them to the map.)
Answer :

Note :
There seems some confusion in relating the events of the story to those marked in the diagram. We have tried our best to correlate these in the most appropriate way strictly as per the text given. Students might try on their own to understand these events and mark them as given in the diagram.

Question 6.
The author uses many vivid and colourful expressions to describe the ocean, clouds, sky, waves and his own feelings. List the expressions that you like the most.

• Ocean
  (1)
  (2)
•  Clouds and sky
  (1) The sun looked out for the last time as if it were saying goodbye to me.
  (2)
•  Waves
  (1)
  (2)

Find at least two expressions under each heading :
Answer :
Ocean :

1. The ocean around me was full of life.
2. Large fish often leapt out of the water.
3. Big birds flew right above my head.
4. the open ocean stretched to the very horizon.
5. Around me I could see random currents of water.
6. splashes of foam and phosphorescent spray all swirling about.

Clouds and Sky :

1. The clouds turned pink and swept across the sky in all directions.
2. In a few minutes the sky was filled with all colours of a rainbow. The bright shades changed and merged as I watched.
3. At first the clouds became deep red and then their edges turned bright orange.
4. Puffs of snow-white clouds hung motionless.
5. The clouds seemed to be adorning themselves in yellow.

Waves :

1. It was a gigantic wave, with steep, very slowly falling crests.
2. Then my body was in swirling current of water. The inner power of the wave turned me head over heels several times, twisting me in all directions before it tired.
3. This time the wave quickly grabbed me. It carried me at great speed for quite a long distance on its crest.
4. Never in my life had I seen such an enormous wave — it even seemed to be touching the sky.
5. The inner power of the wave turned me head over heels several times, twisting me in all directions.

Question 7.
Another technique adopted by the writer is to use figures of speech such as a simile. A simile is used to express similarity between two things, e.g. He is as fast as lightning. The rain fell heavily on the metal roof like a machine-gun. Similes usually start with ‘like’ or ‘as’. Find two similes in the last section of the story.

1. I found myself still in the air under the crest as if in a cave.
2. I left a trail of luminous water and my body glittered like some princess’s ball gown.

Question 8.
Now try to build your own similes for the following :

1. The rock stood …
2. The waves leapt…
3. The sea shone …
4. The sun set…
5. The rain fell heavily …
6. The birds soared …
7. Dawn broke …
8. The stars …
9. The wind shook the trees …

Add other similes of your own and write them in your notebook.
Answer :

1. The rock stood hanging like a monster!sentry.
2. The waves leapt like flames offirela cheetah.
3. The sea shone like a lake of phosphorus.
4. The sun set like a red-hot ball of iron.
5. The rain fell heavily like bullets.
6. The birds soared like kites.
7. Dawn broke like mist.
8. The stars were twinkling like glow-worms.
9. The wind shook the trees as an earthquake shakes buildings etc.

Other similes :

• The storm rose like a demon from his sleep.
• The moon shone like an incandescent bulb.

Question 9.
Now that you have seen some techniques for creating vivid images with language, try to compose a poem or write a short descriptive paragraph using similes and colourful expressions. Work in pairs if you prefer. Then read it out to the class.
Choose one of these themes : waves, stars and moon, rocks, sunset or sunrise. Consider the following for your chosen theme :

• What does it look like ?
• What does it feel like ?
• What does it sound like ?
• How does it move ?
• Where do we see it ?
• When do we see it ?

Answer :
Students can write on their own on the other given themes. A DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPH and a poem are given below, as asked for.

Sunset :
Last week, I felt an urge to take a stroll at 5 pm. Luckily, a cool breeze had just begun to blow. I felt as if the Nature had switched on its air-conditioner on a hot day. All of a sudden, I wanted to see and enjoy the sunset. I ascended a nearby hill. The sun was going to set.

It looked like a huge deep orange. It had no heat and dazzling brightness of daytime. It was slowly moving downwards across the rim of mother Earth. It was like the moon moving on a clouded night. There spread a pinkish-yellow colour as if someone had spread a huge bedspread across the sky. The clouds near the setting sun looked gorgeous like rose petals. I felt like flying in an aeroplane after seeing such an uncommon scene. In fact, the scene was superb and breathtaking.

Sharad Purnima Night :

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 2 Chapter 3 Ordeal in the Ocean help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 2 Chapter 3 Ordeal in the Ocean, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 6 Children Chapter 1 Tom Sawyer are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 6 Children Chapter 1 Tom Sawyer.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 9
Subject	English Main Course Book
Chapter	Unit 6 Chapter 1
Chapter Name	Tom Sawyer
Category	NCERT Solutions

CBSE Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 6 Children Chapter 1 Tom Sawyer

Question 1.
Here’s a glimpse of a naughty child whose life is filled with fun and frolic.

1. One of the reasons why Tom’s mind had drifted away from its secret troubles was that it had found a new and weighty matter to interest itself about. Becky Thatcher had stopped coming to school. Tom had struggled with his pride a few days and tried to “whistle her down the wind,” but failed. He began to find himself hanging around her father’s house all night and feeling very miserable. She was ill. What if she should die! There was distraction in the thought. Tom Sawyer no longer took an interest in war, nor even in piracy. The charm of life was gone; there was nothing but dreariness left. He put his hoop away, and his bat; there was no joy in them any more. His aunt was concerned. She began to try all manners of remedies on him. She was one of those people who are infatuated with patent medicines and all newfangled methods of producing health or mending it. She was an inveterate experimenter in these things. When something fresh in this line came out, she was in a fever, right away, to try it; not on herself, for she was never ailing, but on anybody else that came handy.

2. She tried every remedy she could. Yet notwithstanding all this, the boy grew more and more melancholy and pale and dejected. She added hot baths, sitz baths, shower baths, and plunges.The boy remained as dismal as a hearse.She began to
assist the boy with a slim oatmeal diet and blister-plasters. She calculated his capacity as she would a judge and filled him up every day with quack cure-alls.

3. Tom had become indifferent to persecution by this time. This phase filled the old lady’s heart with consternation. This indifference must be broken up at any cost. Now she heard of Pain-killer for the first time. She ordered a lot at once. She tasted it and was filled with gratitude. It was simply fire in a liquid form. She dropped the water treatment and everything else, and pinned her faith on Pain-killer. She gave Tom a teaspoonful and watched with the deepest anxiety for the result. Her troubles were instantly at rest, her soul at peace again; for the ‘indifference’ was broken up. The boy could not have shown a wilder, heartier interest, if she had built a fire under him.

4. Tom felt that it was time to wake up; this sort of life might be romantic enough, in his blighted condition, but it was getting to have too little sentiment and too much distracting variety about it.So he thought over various plans for relief and finally hit upon that of professing to be fond of Pain-killer. He asked for it so often that he became a nuisance and his aunt ended up by telling him to help himself and quit bothering her. If it had been Sid, she would have had no misgivings to alloy her delight; but since it was Tom, she watched the bottle clandestinely. She found that the medicine did really diminish, but it did not occur to her that the boy was mending the health of a crack in the sitting-room floor with it.

5. One day Tom was in the act of dosing the crack when his aunt’s yellow cat came along, purring, eyeing the teaspoon avariciously and begging for a taste. Tom said: “Peter, now you’ve asked for it, and I’ll give it to you, because there ain’t anything mean about me; but if you find you don’t like it, you mustn’t blame anybody but your own self.”

6. Tom pried his mouth open and poured down the Pain-killer. Peter sprang a couple of yards in the air, and then delivered a war-whoop and set off round and round the room, banging against furniture,upsetting flower-pots, and making general havoc. Next he rose on his hind feet and pranced around, in a frenzy of enjoyment, with his head over his shoulder and his voice proclaiming his unappeasable happiness.Then he went tearing around the house again spreading chaos and destruction in his path. Aunt Polly entered in time to see him throw a few double summersaults, deliver a final mighty hurrah, and sail through the open window, carrying the rest of the flower-pots with him. The old lady stood petrified with astonishment, peering over her glasses; Tom lay on the floor expiring with laughter. “Tom, what on earth ails that cat?” “I don’t know, aunt,” gasped the boy.

7. The old lady was bending down, Tom watching, with interest emphasized by anxiety. Too late he divined her ‘drift’. The handle of the telltale teaspoon was visible under the sofa. Aunt Polly took it, held it up. Tom winced, and dropped his eyes. Aunt Polly raised him by the usual handle – his ear – and cracked his head soundly with her thimble. “Now, sir, what did you want to treat that poor dumb beast so, for?” “I done it out of pity for him – because he hadn’t any aunt.” “Hadn’t any aunt! – you numskull. What has that got to do with it?” “Heaps. Because if he’d had one, she’d a burnt him out herself! She’d a roasted his bowels out of him ‘thout any more feeling than if he was a human!” Tom looked up in her face with just a perceptible  twinkle peeping through his gravity. “I know you was meaning for the best, aunty, and so was I with Peter. It done him good, too. I never see him get around so -”
Answer :
No Question Asked.

Question .2
On the basis of your reading of the extract, tick the most appropriate answer :
(а) Tom’s mind had drifted away because

• Becky Thatcher had stopped coming to school
• he no longer took an interest in war.
• the charm of life was gone.
• he had put his hoop and his bat away.

(b) Aunt Polly was concerned because

• Tom was hanging around Becky Thatcher’s father’s house all night
• Tom no longer took an interest in anything
• she was infatuated with patent medicines
• she had a fever

(c) She was filled with gratitude when she tested the new medicine as .

• it was simply fire in a liquid form.
• her troubles were instantly at rest.
• Tom’s indifference was broken.
• Tom was responding well.

(d) ‘Mending the health of a crack’ means

• repairing a crack in the sitting-room floor
• looking after his health
• pouring the medicine into a crack in the sitting-room floor
• giving the medicine to the cat

Answer :
(a) Tom’s mind had drifted away because Becky Thatcher had stopped coming to school.
(b) Aunt Polly was concerned because Tom no longer took an interest in anything.
(c) She was filled with gratitude when she tested the new medicine as it was simply fire in a liquid form.
(d) ‘Mending the health of a crack’ means pouring the medicine into a crack in the sitting- room floor.

Question 3.
On the basis of your reading of the extract, tick mark the most appropriate meaning for the given word :
(i) Infatuated (Para 1)

• fond
• influenced
• disliked
• addicted

(ii) Melancholy (Para 2)

• happy
• sad
• worried
• disappointed

(iii) Petrified (Para 6)

• horrified
• stunned
• motionless
• anxious

(iv) Gravity (Para 7)

• mischievous
• joyfulness
• seriousness
• greatness

Answer :
(i) Infatuated – addicted
(ii) Melancholy – sad
(iii) Petrified – horrified
(iv) Gravity – seriousness

Question 4.
In pairs, discuss the following aspects of the story, and then have a class discussion.

1. Tom was not really ill but he pretended to be ill.
2. Usually he made a lot of fuss to take Aunt Polly’s medicines, but this time he took the medicines quietly.
3. His aunt was worried because he was not his usual self : instead he showed an unusual interest in the medicine.
4. Aunt Polly could read Tom’s thoughts.
5. Aunt Polly loved Tom Sawyer.

Answer :
For discussion in pairs at classroom level. Some points to be discussed are given below :

1. Tom was not really well but he pretended to be ill to cover up his sadness over Becky Thatcher’s not coming to school. It was a sort of psychological problem.
2. He took the medicines quietly this time because he was really mentally sick. Earlier he would not be ill. But he had to take up medicines due to Aunt Polly’s whims.
3. His aunt was worried because earlier Tom had never showed an unusual interest in medicines. Obviously, he was genuinely ill this time.
4. Aunt Polly, like any adult, understood what was going in Tom’s mind then.
5. Aunt Polly loved Tom Sawyer because of his mischievous nature and playful activities.

Note :
All these points need to be discussed more within the context of the story.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 6 Children Chapter 1 Tom Sawyer help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 6 Children Chapter 1 Tom Sawyer, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

 

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 8 On the Grasshopper and Cricket are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 8 On the Grasshopper and Cricket.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 8
Subject	English Honeydew(poem)
Chapter	Chapter 8
Chapter Name	On the Grasshopper and Cricket
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew (Poem) Chapter 8 On the Grasshopper and Cricket

IMPORTANT PASSAGES FOR COMPREHENSION

Read the following extracts and answer the questions that follow choosing the correct options among the given ones :

I Through the mist Bijju is calling to his sister. I can hear him running about on the hillside but I cannot see him. (Page 113)

Multiple Choice Questions
1. The scene being described here is
(a) the first day of monsoon
(b) the last day of monsoon
(c) an ordinary day on the hills
(d) a winter day.

2. The author cannot see Bijju because
(a) he is not in the line of his eyes
(b) it is misty
(c) it is night
(d) he is blind

3. The passage is written by
(a) Satyajit Ray
(b) Rabindranath Tagore
(c) Nathaniel Hawthorne Answers
(d) Ruskin Bond.

Answers:
1. (a) the first day of monsoon
2. (b) it is misty
3. (d) Ruskin Bond

II In the evening it attacked one of Bijju’s cows but fled at the approach of Bijju’s mother, who came screaming imprecations.
As for the leeches, I shall soon get used to a little bloodletting every day. (Page 114)

Questions
1. What does ‘it’ in the first line refer to ?
2. What causes the bloodletting ?
3. What did Bijju’s mother do ?
4. Find a word in the passage which means ‘curses’. Answers

Answers:
1. ‘It’ refers to the leopard.
2. The leeches cause the bloodletting.
3. Bijju’s mother chased the leopard away.
4. Imprecations.

III It is a good sound to read by—the rain outside, the quiet within—and, although tin roofs are given to springing unaccountable leaks, there is a feeling of being untouched leaks, there is a feeling of being untouched by, and yet in touch with, the rain. (page 115)

Multiple Choice Questions
1. Here, the author is praising
(a) tin roofs
(b) rain
(c) springing
(d) leaks.

2. The ‘good sound’ is produced by
(a) rain only
(b) tin roofs only
(c) rain and tin roofs
(d) rain and leaks.

3. The word ‘springing’ here means
(a) jumping
(b) creating
(c) a season
(d) finishing.

Answers
1. (a) tin roofs
2. (c) rain and tin roofs
3. (b) creating

IV The blackest cloud I’ve ever seen squatted over Mussoorie, and then it hailed marbles for half an hour. Nothing like a hailstorm to clear the sky. Even as I write, I see a rainbow forming. (Page 117)

Questions
1. What season is being described ?
2. What do the ‘marbles’ refer to ?
3. What does the author mean by ‘clear sky’ ?

Answers
1. Rainy season is being described here.
2. The marbles refer to ‘hails’.
3. A clear sky means ‘a sky free of clouds’.

TEXTUAL EXERCISES

COMPREHENSION CHECK (Page 115)
1. Why is the author not able to see Bijju ?
2. What are the two ways in which the hills appear to change when the mist comes up ?

Answers
1. The author is not able to see Bijju because of the mist. The mist has blocked the vision.
2. The mist covers the hills and all the atmosphere. So they cannot be seen. The second change is that the birds stop singing. This makes the hills suddenly silent.

COMPREHENSION CHECK (Page 117)
1. When does the monsoon season begin and when does it end ? How do you prepare to face the
monsoon ?
2. Which hill-station does the author describe in this diary entry ?
3. For how many days does it rain without stopping ? What does the author do on these days ?
4. Where do the snakes and rodents take shelter ? Why ?
5. What did the author receive in the mail ?

Answers
1. The monsoon generally begins in the end of June. It generally ends in the end of August or in the beginning of September. We buy raincoats or umbrellas to face the monsoon.
2. Mussoorie.
3. It has rained for eight or nine days without stopping. During these the author has been pacing the room or looking out of the window.
4. The snakes and rodents take shelter in roofs, attics and godowns. They do so because their holes are flooded with water. Out of the holes, these are the convenient places for them.
5. The author received a cheque in the mail.

WORKING WITH THE TEXT (Page 118)
Question 1.
Look carefully at the diary entries for June 24-25, August 2 and March 23. Now write down the changes that happen as the rains progress from June to March.

Answer:
Monsoon arrives on June 24. The first real monsoon shower comes on June 25. The whole nature welcomes it. The author feels the joy himself and in everything around him.
By August 2, the people become weary of the monsoon. It is so because the movement in the open has become difficult. There is no sunshine for more than a week.
March 23 heralds the end of winter. After a hailstorm, there is a rainbow in the sky. It shows the beauty of nature.

Question 2.
Why did the grandmother ask the children not to kill the Chuchundar ?

Answer:
Grandmother believed that Chuchundars are lucky. She thought that with them came money. So she asked the children not to kill it.

Question 3.
What signs do we find in Nature which show that the monsoons are about to end ?

Answer:
At the end of the monsoon, the lush monsoon growth reaches its peak. The seeds of the cobra lily turn red. These things show that the monsoons are about to end.

Question 4.
Complete the following sentences.
(i) Bijju is not seen but his voice is heard because …….. .
(ii) The writer describes the hill station and valley as …….. .
(iii) The leopard was successful in but had to flee when …….. .
(iv) The minivets are easily noticed because …….. .
(v) It looks like a fashion display on the slopes when ……. .
(vi) During the monsoon season, snakes and rodents are found in roofs and attics because ……. .

Answers:
(i) the mist obstructs the author’s vision.
(ii) ‘A paradise that might have been’.
(iii) killing a dog but had to flee when Bijju’s mother arrived crying curses.
(iv) of their bright colours.
(v) they are covered by a variety of flowers.
(vi) their holes are flooded with water and these things provide them convenient shelters.

Question 5.
‘Although tin roofs are given to springing unaccountable leaks, there is a feeling of being untouched by, and yet in touch with, the rain.’
(i) Why has the writer used the word, ‘springing* ?
(ii) How is the writer untouched by the rain ?
(iii) How is the writer in touch with the rain at the same time ?

Answer:
(i) The word ‘springing’ gives the idea of suddenness.
(ii) The author is untouched by the rain because he is in a room. The room pro-tects him from rain.
(iii) The writer hears the sound of rainfall on his tin-roof. So he is in touch with the rain.

Question 6.
Mention a few things that can happen when there is endless rain for days together.

Answer:
When there is endless rain for days together, the life becomes difficult. To go out becomes difficult. One gets bored living in the room all the time. Everything becomes damp and soggy. The washed clothes do not get dried. Constant rainfall is an invitation for many insects, rodents and snakes to enter the house.
It can also cause diseases. The sun is the source of life. If sunlight doesn’t reach people for a long time, they fall ill.

Question 7.
What is the significance of cobra lily in relation to the monsoon season, its beginning and end ?

Answer:
The first cobra lily is seen with the arrival of the monsoon. When its seeds begin to turn red, it is an indication that the rains are over.

WORKING WITH LANGUAGE (Page 118)
Question 1.
Here are some words that are associated with the monsoon. Add as many words as you can to this list. Can you find words for these in your languages ?

• downpour
• floods
• mist
• cloudy
• powercuts
• cold
• umbrella

Answers
rainwater, fog, overcast, damp, soggy, raincoat, darkness, leaks.
Hindi words for those given in the question are :
वर्ष्रा, बाढ़, कोहरा, बादलों से आच्छादित, बिजली – कटौती, सद्रू , छतरी .

Question 2.
Look at the sentences below.
(i) Bijju wandered into the garden in the evening.
(ii) The trees were ringing with birdsong.
Notice the highlighted verbs.

The verb wandered tells us what Bijju did that evening. But the verb was ringing tells us what was happening continually at same time in the past (the birds were chirping in the trees).

Now look at the sentences below. They tell us about something that happened in the past. They also tell us about other things that happened continually at the same time in the past.

Put the verbs in the brackets into their proper forms. The first one is done for you.
(i) We (get out) of the school bus. The bell (ring) and everyone (rush) to class.
We got out of the school bus. The bell was ringing and everyone was rushing to class.
(ii) The traffic (stop). Some people (sit) on the road and they (shout) slogans.
(iii) I (wear) my raincoat. It (rain) and people (get) wet.
(iv) She (see) a film. She (narrate) it to her friends who (listen) carefully.
(v) We (go) to the exhibition. Some people (buy) clothes while others (play) games.
(vi) The class (is) quiet. Some children (read) books and the rest (draw).

Answers:
(ii) The traffic stopped. Some people were sitting on the road and they were shouting slogans.
(iii) I was wearing my raincoat. It was raining and people were getting wet.
(iv) She had seen a film. She was narrating it to her friends who were listening carefully.
(v) We went to the exhibition. Some people were buying clothes while others were playing games.
(vi) The class was quiet. Some children were reading books and the rest were drawing.

Question 3.
Here are some words from the lesson which describe different kinds of sounds.

• drum
• swish
• tinkle
• caw
• drip

(i) Match these words with their correct meanings.
(a) to fall in small drops
(b) to make a sound by hitting a surface repeatedly
(c) to move quickly through the air, making a soft sound
(d) harsh sound made by birds
(e) ringing sound (of a bell or breaking glass, etc.)

(ii) Now fill in the blanks using the correct form of the words given above.
(a) Ramesh ……. on his desk in impatience.
(b) Rain water ……. from the umbrella all over the carpet.
(c) The ……… pony its tail.
(d) The ……… of breaking glass woke me up.
(e) The …….. of the raven disturbed the child’s sleep.

Answers
(i) (a) → drip
(b) → drum
(c) → swish
(d) → caw
(e) → tinkle

(ii) (a) Ramesh drummed on his desk in impatience.
(b) Rain water dripped from the umbrella all over the carpet.
(c) The pony swished its tail.
(d) The tinkle of the breaking glass woke me up.
(e) The caw of the raven disturbed the child’s sleep.

Question 4.
And sure enough, I received a cheque in the mail.
Complete each sentence below by using appropriate phrase from the ones given below.

• sure enough
• colourful enough
• serious enough
• kind enough
• big enough
• fair enough
• brave enough
• foolish enough
• anxious enough

(i) I saw thick black clouds in the sky. And ……… it soon raining heavily.
(ii) The blue umbrella was ……… for the brother and sister.
(iii) The butterflies are …….. to get noticed.
(iv) The lady was ……….to chance the leopard
(v) The boy was ………. to call out to his sister.
(vi) The man was ………. to offer help.
(vii) The victim’s injury was ………. for him to get admitted in hospital.
(viii) That person was ………. to repeat the same mistake again.
(ix) He told me he was sorry and he would compensate for the loss. I said, ……… .

Answers:
(i) sure enough
(ii) big enough
(iii) colourful enough
(iv) brave enough
(v) anxious enough
(vi) kind enough
(vii) serious enough
(viii) foolish enough
(ix) “Fair enough”

SPEAKING (Page 120)
Question 1.
Do you believe in superstitions ? Why, or why not ? Working with your partner, write down three superstitious beliefs that you are familiar with.

Answer:
No. I don’t believe in superstitions. However there is one snag in this statement. One man’s belief may be superstitious to the other and vice versa.
Three common superstitions are :

• No. 13 is ominous
• Stop if a black cat crosses your path.
• Do not sleep with your feet pointing towards south.

Question 2.
How many different kinds of birds do you come across in the lesson ? How many varieties do you see in your neighbourhood ? Are there any birds that you used to see earlier in your neighbourhood but not now ? In groups discuss why you think this is happening.

Answer:
We come across five kinds of birds in this lesson. These are: minivets, drongos, crow, whistling thrush and ‘shrew’. We do not see many varieties in our neighbourhood. There are two birds which used to be seen in our neighbourhood but have now disap-peared. These are peacocks and vultures. Poaching, felling of trees and pollution of the environment are three important reasons for its happening.

WRITING (Page 121)
Question 1.
The monsoons are a time of great fun and even a few adventures: playing in the rain and getting wet, wading through knee-deep water on your way to school, water flooding the house or the classroom, powercuts and so on.
Write a paragraph describing an incident that occurred during the rains which you can never forget.
Or
Write a poem of your own about the season of spring when trees are in full bloom.

Answers
A rainy day in summer is a great blessing. Last Friday, I had not yet left for school, when it began to rain. It rained heavily. Going to school was out of question. So I placed my books on the table and stood near the window. Water had collected everywhere. People were wading through water with raincoats on. Some had umbrellas in their hands. But these gave them little shelter. Children absented themselves from schools. They played in rain-water and cared little for their mothers who got angry. The roads became slippery. Some persons who slipped on the road, spoiled their clothes. The children had a hearty laugh.
Or
Spring is the season of joy
When Nature becomes a toy.
The trees are in full bloom
Some flowers are in my room.
In spring comes Holi
Let’s play with colour and roli.
There is summer in the air
How lovely the birds and hare !

Spring is the season of joy
When Nature becomes a toy
The trees are in full bloom
I have roses in my room.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 8 On the Grasshopper and Cricket help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 8 On the Grasshopper and Cricket, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 8 The Solitary Reaper are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 8 The Solitary Reaper.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 9
Subject	English Literature
Chapter	Chapter 8
Chapter Name	The Solitary Reaper
Number of Questions Solved	10
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 8 The Solitary Reaper

TEXTUAL EXERCISES
(Page 69)

Question 1.
Sometimes we see something beautiful and striking, and we remember it for a long time afterwards. Can you recollect this ever happening to you ? If so, what was it ? What do you remember about it now ? Are the details of what you saw or the feelings you experienced at the time fresh in your mind ? Think for a few minutes, then share your thoughts with the class.
Answer
To be attempted individually at class level. However, one Sample Answer is given for the guidance of the students.
Yes, such a thing happened to me. I remembered it for a long time afterwards. I once visited the Taj Mahal in the month of October with my parents. It was a moonlit night. A pleasant and scented breeze was making the place lovely. I stood before the Taj in the moonlit night. I was greatly thrilled to see its beauty at that moment.

I forgot about myself for some moments. The whiteness reflected by it looked fairylike. The grassy lawns in front of it added to its glory and grace. The building looked simply superb and magical. The feelings were indescribable. These were similar to those when one gets a thing which is most sought after. Even when I had left the place, I carried the imprint of the beauty of Taj in my heart. It is still fresh in my heart like Wordsworth’s ‘Daffodils’. I can’t forget it.

Question 2.
Listen to one of William Wordsworth’s poems, that describes a memorable experience he had while out on a walk. (Your teacher will play a recording.) Listen to the poem at least twice.
Answer
For attempt at class level. No question is asked in it.

Question 3.
Now Read the poem.
Answer
Read the poem yourself.

Question 4.
Imagine that you are the poet, William Wordsworth. You continue on your walk, and when you reach home you tell a friend what you saw and felt. Which of the following best describes your experience ? (Work in pairs, then have a class discussion.)
Answer
Meant for class level. The correct answer is (c).

Question 5.
The poet could not understand the words of the song, yet he raised several possibilities about its theme. In the diagram below are some of these possibilities. Read the third stanza again, and find the phrase that matches each. Copy and complete the diagram, writing each phrase in the empty boxes. Work in pairs.

Answer

Question 6.
On the basis of your understanding of the poem, answer the following questions by ticking the correct choice :
(a) The central idea of the poem ‘The Solitary Reaper’ is ______

1. well sung songs give us happiness
2. melodious sounds appeal to all
3. beautiful experiences give us life-long pleasure
4. reapers can sing like birds

(b) In the poem ‘The Solitary Reaper’ to whom does the poet say ‘Stop here or gently pass’ ?

1. to the people cutting corn
2. to himself
3. to the people who make noise
4. to all the passers by

(c) ‘The Solitary Reaper’ is a narrative poem set to music. This form of verse is called a ______

1. ballad
2. soliloquy
3. monologue
4. sonnet

(d) The poet’s lament in the poem ‘The Solitary Reaper’ is that ______

1. he cannot understand the song
2. he did not know the lass
3. she stopped singing at once
4. he had to move away

(e) The setting of the poem is ______

1. Arabia
2. Hebrides
3. Scotland
4. England

Answer
(a) 3
(b) 2
(c) 1
(d) 2
(e) 3

Question 7.
1. Read the second stanza again, in which Wordsworth compares the solitary reaper’s song with the song of the nightingale and the cuckoo. On the basis of your reading (and your imagination), copy and complete the table below. (Work in groups of four, then have a brief class discussion.)

	Place	Heard by	Impact on listener
Solitary Reaper	Scottish Highlands	the poet	holds him spellbound
Nightingale
Cuckoo

2. Why do you think Wordsworth has chosen the song of the nightingale and the cuckoo, for comparison with the solitary reaper’s song ?
3. As you read the second stanza, what pictures come to your mind ? Be ready to describe them in your own words, to the rest of the class. (Do not be afraid to go beyond what the poet has written.)
Answer
1.

	Place	Heard by	Impact on listener
Solitary Reaper	Scottish Highlands	the poet	holds him spellbound
Nightingale	Arabian Sands /deserts	weary travellers	travellers feel fresh tiredness disappears
Cuckoo	farthest Hebrides	sailors	sailors feel thrilled

2. Wordsworth has chosen the songs of the nightingale and the cuckoo knowingly. It is because these are the sweetest and most refreshing of all the songs of the birds. By comparing these, the poet wants to say that the solitary reaper’s song was simply incomparable to those of the nightingale or the cuckoo-bird. Her song was sweeter than theirs.
3. Yes, I am able to see mental pictures of the places. Their description is like this :

1. It is a vast desert. The sun is raining fire. I see a group of mentally and physically tired travellers. They are walking with difficulty over the sand dunes. They are in search of some oasis. Soon they find one and reach there. Then they listen to the melodious song of the nightingale coming to them from somewhere. They feel thrilled. Their tiredness disappears with the effect of the song.
2. It is the spring time. There lie Hebrides islands. They are situated at far north¬east of Scotland. There is complete silence surrounding the place. Soon a ship appears circling the islands. The sailors decide to anchor there. They, then, listen to the song of the cuckoo bird coming to them from somewhere. It thrills them. They feel excited and decide to stay there for the night. The place becomes a heaven of joy for them due to the song of the cuckoo-bird.

Question 8.
In the sixth line of the first stanza, we read:
“… and sings a melancholy strain….”
This “s” sound at the beginning of sings and strain has been repeated. Poets often do this. Do you know why ? Do you know what this “poetic repetition” is called ? Can you find other instances of this, in The Solitary Reaper ?
Answer
Yes, poets often repeat the sound of different words. It is done so as to add to the music and lyricism of a poem. This repetition is called ‘alliteration’ in poetical terms.
There are other such instances in The Solitary Reaper. These are as follows :

1. Repetition of T sound in → Yon solitary Highland Lass’
2. Repetition of‘s’ sound in → silence of the Seas/Among the farthest Hebrides’
3. Repetition of T sound in → ‘plaintive numbers flow’
4. Repetition of ‘1’ sound in → ‘listened, motionless and still’.

Note : Students may themselves pick out such phrases from the text.

Question 9.
In the first stanza, some words or phrases have been used to show that the girl working in the fields is alone. Which are those words and phrases ? What effect do they create in the mind of the reader ?
Answer
These words are :
Yon solitary Highland lass, single (in the field), Reaping and singing by herself, Stop here, gently pass, Alone she cuts…,
The effect which these words create is that of beauty and mystery. ‘Beauty’ because the entire scene of the solitary reaper looks like a mounted painting in the backdrop of a hill. ‘Mystery’ because there is no one near the solitary lass. She seems to be all ‘magic’. Her song adds beauty to the entire scene.

Question 10.
Wordsworth was so moved by this experience that later he wrote this poem. Think back in your own life and try to recall an experience that affected you greatly and left a deep impact on you. Then write a poem for your school magazine in which you describe that experience and its impact.
Answer
For self-attempt.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 8 The Solitary Reaper help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Literature Chapter 8 The Solitary Reaper, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 5 चिट्ठियों की अनूठी दुनिया are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 5 चिट्ठियों की अनूठी दुनिया.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 8
Subject	Hindi Vasant
Chapter	Chapter 5
Chapter Name	चिट्ठियों की अनूठी दुनिया
Number of Questions Solved	15
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 5 चिट्ठियों की अनूठी दुनिया

प्रश्न-अभ्यास
(पाठ्यपुस्तक से)

पाठ से

प्रश्न 1. पत्र जैसा संतोष फोन या एसएमएस का संदेश क्यों नहीं दे सकता ?
उत्तर :
पत्र जैसा संतोष फोन या एसएमएस का संदेश नहीं दे सकता है क्योंकि
(क) पत्रों का आकार बड़ा तथा उनका अस्तित्व स्थाई होता है, जिन्हें भविष्य के लिए संभालकर रखा जा सकता है
(ख) पत्रों में आत्मीयता, प्रेम तथा गहरा लगाव समायी रहता है
(ग) पत्रों को संग्रहित कर पुस्तक का आकार दिया जा सकता है जबकि एसएमएस को नहीं
(घ) पत्र संदेश भेजने का सस्ता साधन है जबकि एसएमएस महँगा साधन है
(ङ) पत्र पाने वाले के पास कोई साधन होना आवश्यक नहीं है पर एसएमएस पाने के लिए मोबाइल फोन होना आवश्यक होता है

प्रश्न 2. पत्र को खत, कागद, उत्तरम्, जाबू, लेख, कडिद, पाती, चिट्ठी इत्यादि कहा जाता हैइन शब्दों से संबंधित भाषाओं के नाम बताइए
उत्तर :
पत्र को विभिन्न भाषाओं में भिन्न-भिन्न नामों से जाना जाता है, जो निम्नलिखित

पत्र के विभिन्न नाम           भाषा
पत्र                                 संस्कृत
कागद                             कन्नड़
कडिद                             तमिल
खत                                  उर्दू
उत्तरम्, जाबू, लेख              तेलुगु

प्रश्न 3. पत्र-लेखन की कला के विकास के लिए क्या-क्या प्रयास हुए ? लिखिए
उत्तर :
पत्र-लेखन की कला का विकास हो इसके लिए स्कूली पाठ्यक्रम में पत्र लेखन को विषय के रूप में शामिल किया गयाभारत के अलावा अन्य देशों तथा विश्व डाक संघ की ओर से पत्र-लेखन को बढ़ावा दिया गयाइसके अलावा विश्व डाक संघ ने 1972 से 16 वर्ष से कम आयु के बच्चों के लिए पत्र-लेखन प्रतियोगिताएँ आयोजित करने का कार्यक्रम शुरू किया

प्रश्न 4. पत्र धरोहर हो सकते हैं लेकिन एसएमएस क्यों नहीं ? तर्क सहित अपना विचार लिखिए
उत्तर :
पत्र लिखित रूप में होते हैंइन्हें भविष्य के लिए सँभालकर रखा जा सकता हैउपयोगी एवं शिक्षाप्रद पत्रों को पुस्तक के रूप में रखा जा सकता हैमहान हस्तियों के पत्र संग्रहालय एवं पुस्तकालयों से प्राप्त किया जा सकता हैएसएमएस संक्षिप्त तथा मोबाइल फोन पर होते हैंउन्हें सहेजकर भविष्य के लिए रखना संभव नहीं है

प्रश्न 5. क्या चिट्ठियों की जगह कभी फैक्स, ई-मेल, टेलीफोन तथा मोबाइल ले सकते हैं ?
उत्तर :
संचार के बढ़ते साधनों-फैक्स, ई-मेल, टेलीफोन तथा मोबाइल आदि का प्रचार-प्रसार तथा लोकप्रियता बढ़ती जा रही हैलोग अपनी सुविधानुसार उनका प्रयोग भी करते हैं और इनसे पत्रों की संख्या में कमी आई है पर ये साधन पत्र का स्थान कभी भी नहीं ले सकते हैंव्यापारिक तथा विभागीय कार्यों को पत्रों के माध्यम से किया जाता था, किया जाता है और किया जाता रहेगाइसके अलावा पत्रों से जो आत्मीयता, प्रेम तथा लगाव मिल जाता हैवह संचार के इन साधनों द्वारा नहीं मिल सकती है।

पाठ से आगे

प्रश्न 1. किसी के लिए बिना टिकट सादे लिफाफे पर सही पता लिखकर पत्र बेरंग भेजने पर कौन-सी कठिनाई आ सकती है? पता कीजिए
उत्तर :
बिना टिकट के यदि पत्र भेज दिया जाए तो निम्नलिखित कठिनाइयाँ आ सकती हैं
(क) संभवत: पत्र गंतव्य तक पहुचे ही न।
(ख) प्राप्तकर्ता को निश्चित टिकट के मूल्य का दूना दाम चुकाना पड़ सकता है
(ग) प्राप्तकर्ता के पास उस समय पैसे न होने पर अनावश्यक परेशानी का सामना करना पड़ सकता है
(घ) पत्र के लिए उचित राशि न दिए जाने पर पत्र वापस आ सकता है और हमारा संदेश बिना पहुँचे रह जाएगा

प्रश्न 2. पिन कोड भी संख्याओं में लिखा गया एक पता है, कैसे?
उत्तर :
सुनने में संक्षिप्त-सा लगने वाला पिन कोड शब्द का पूरा नाम ‘पोस्टल इन्डेक्स नंबर’ हैयह छ: अंकों का होता हैइसके हर अंक अपने में कुछन-कुछ छिपाए हुए हैंइसका पहला अंक राज्य को, अगले दो अंक उपक्षेत्र को तथा अंतिम तीन अंक संबंधित डाकघर को सूचित करते हैं इस आधार पर कह सकते हैं कि पिन कोड संख्याओं के रूप में लिखा गया एक पता ही होता है।

प्रश्न 3. ऐसा क्यों होता था कि महात्मा गांधी को दुनिया भर से पत्र ‘महात्मा गांधी इंडिया’ पता लिखकर आते थे ?
उत्तर :
महात्मा गांधी भारत में ही नहीं, विश्व के चर्चित व्यक्ति थेहालाँकि भारत में वे सर्वाधिक लोकप्रिय थेवे देश में कहाँ होते थे, लोगों को पता होता थावास्तव में वे कहीं भी रहें, पत्र उन तक पहुँचा दिया जाता था और उन्हें मिल जाता था वे किसी एक परिवार या स्थान के न होकर पूरे भारत के प्रतिनिधि थे, इसलिए महात्मा गांधी-इंडिया पता लिखकर उन्हें पत्र भेजा जाता था

अनुमान और कल्पना

प्रश्न 1. रामधारी सिंह ‘दिनकर’ की कविता ‘ भगवान के डाकिए’ आपकी पाठ्यपुस्तक में हैउसके आधार पर पक्षी और बादल को डाकिए की भाँति मानकर अपनी कल्पना से लेख लिखिए
उत्तर :
मनुष्य जिज्ञासु प्राणी हैवह अपनों के बारे में जानने को इच्छुक रहता हैउसकी इसी इच्छा के फलस्वरूप शायद पत्र अस्तित्व में आए होंगेपत्रों के आदान-प्रदान का यह सिलसिला कबूतरों से शुरू होकर आज मोबाइल, फैक्स तथा ई-मेल तक पहुँच गया हैयद्यपि संचार के इन आधुनिकतम साधनों ने पत्रों की आवाजाही को प्रभावित भी किया है, परंतु इन सबके बाद भी पत्र अपना अस्तित्व बनाए हुए है और वह लोकप्रिय भी हैग्रामीणजीवन में पत्रों की गहरी पैठ हैवहाँ की अनेक क्रियाएँ डाक विभाग की मदद से ही चलती हैंवहाँ डाकिए को देवदूत के रूप में देखा जाता हैइसी प्रकार पक्षी और बादल भी डाकिए हैं, पर ये भगवान के डाकिए हैंये भगवान के संदेश को हम तक पहुँचाते हैंइन प्राकृतिक डाकियों की लाई चिट्ठियों को हम भले न पढ़ पाएँ पर उनमें प्रेम, सद्भाव और विश्वबंधुत्व का संदेश छिपा होता हैये प्राकृतिक डाकिए किसी स्थान विशेष की सीमा में बँधकर काम नहीं करते हैंये डाकिए लोगों के साथ कोई भेदभाव नहीं करते हैं और सबको समान रूप से लाभान्वित करते हैं

प्रश्न 2. संस्कृत साहित्य के महाकवि कालिदास ने बादल को संदेशवाहक बनाकर ‘मेघदूत’ नाम का काव्य लिखा है’मेघदूत’ के विषय में जानकारी प्राप्त कीजिए
उत्तर :
मेघदूत विश्व प्रसिद्ध कवि एवं नाटककार कालिदास की रचना हैयह काव्य संस्कृत भाषा में रचित हैइसका कथ्य इस प्रकार हैकुबेर अलकापुरी नरेश थे, जिनके दरबार में अनेक यक्ष रहते थेये यक्ष कुबेर की सेवा किया करते थेइन्हीं यक्षों में एक यक्ष की नई-नई शादी हुई थीवह अपनी पत्नी को बहुत चाहता थावह अपनी नवविवाहिता पत्नी की यादों में खोया रहता तथा राजदरबार के कार्य में प्रमाद दिखाता थाकुबेर को यह अच्छा नहीं लगा और उन्होंने उसे अपनी नवविवाहिता पत्नी से अलग रामगिरि पर्वत पर रहने का श्राप दे दियाश्रापित यक्ष रामगिरि पर्वत पर रहने लगासमय बीतने के साथ ही वर्षा ऋतु का आगमन हुआ और आकाश में उमड़ते, घुमड़ते काले बादलों को देखकर यक्ष अपनी पत्नी के विरह से विकल हो उठता हैवह जड़-चेतन का भेद भूलकर इन्हीं काले बादलों अर्थात् मेघ को दूत बनाकर अपनी पत्नी के पास भेजता हैवह मेघ को रास्ता, रास्ते में पड़ने वाले विशिष्ट स्थान तथा मार्ग में आने वाली कठिनाइयों को समझाता हैकुबेर से यक्ष की विरह व्यथा नहीं देखी जाती हैवह यक्ष को श्रापमुक्त कर देते हैंयक्ष खुशी-खुशी अपनी पत्नी के साथ अलकापुरी में रहने लगाइसी कथा का ‘मेघदूत’ नामक काव्य में सुंदर वर्णन है।

प्रश्न 3. पक्षी को संदेशवाहक बनाकर अनेक कविताएँ एवं गीत लिखे गए हैंएक गीत है-‘जा-जा रे कागा विदेशवा, मेरे पिया से कहियो संदेशवा’इस तरह के तीन गीतों का संग्रह कीजिएप्रशिक्षित पक्षी के गले में पत्र बाँधकर निर्धारित स्थान तक पत्र भेजने का उल्लेख मिलता हैमान लीजिए आपको एक पक्षी को संदेशवाहक बनाकर पत्र भेजना हो तो आप वह पत्र किसे भेजना चाहेंगे और उसमें क्या लिखना चाहेंगे
उत्तर :
प्रश्न के आधार पर तीन गीतों का संग्रह

• जारे कारे बदरा, बलमू के पास, वो हैं ऐसे बुद्धू न समझे ये प्यार
• कबूतर जा, जा, जा पहले प्यार की पहली चिट्ठी साजन को दे आ
• उड़ जा काले कागा, तेरे मुँह बिच खंड पावा

यदि मुझे किसी पक्षी को संदेशवाहक बनाकर पत्र भेजना पड़े तो मैं यह पत्र ‘ईश्वर’ को भेजना चाहँगाइस पत्र में मैं लिखेंगा कि हे ईश्वर लोगों को ऐसी सुबुधि प्रदान करें; जिससे सर्वत्र प्रेम, सद्भाव, त्याग जैसे मानवीय गुणों का विकास हो तथा घृणा, छुआछूत, ऊँच-नीच आदि की भावना समाप्त हो जाए

प्रश्न 4. केवल पढ़ने के लिए दी गई रामदरश मिश्र की कविता ‘चिट्ठियाँ’ को ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़िए और विचार कीजिए कि क्या यह कविता केवल लेटर बॉक्स में पड़ी निर्धारित पते पर जाने के लिए तैयार चिट्ठियों के बारे में है ? या रेल के डिब्बे में बैठी सवारी भी उन्हीं चिट्ठियों की तरह हैं जिनके पास उनके गंतव्य तक का टिकट हैपत्र के पते की तरह और क्या विद्यालय भी एक लेटर बाक्स की भाँति नहीं है जहाँ से उत्तीर्ण होकर विद्यार्थी अनेक क्षेत्रों में चले जाते हैं ? अपनी कल्पना को पंख लगाइए और मुक्त मन से इस विषय में विचार-विमर्श कीजिए
उत्तर :
इस विषय पर छात्र स्वयं विचार-विमर्श करें

भाषा की बात

प्रश्न 1. किसी प्रयोजन विशेष से संबंधित शब्दों के साथ पत्र शब्द जोड़ने से कुछ नए शब्द बनते हैं, जैसे-प्रशस्ति पत्र, समाचार पत्र आप भ पत्र के योग से बननेवाले दस शब्द लिखिए
उत्तर :
पत्र जोड़ने से बनने वाले दस शब्द निम्नलिखित हैं

• प्रमाण पत्र
• संधि पत्र
• मान पत्र
• प्रेम पत्र
• प्रार्थना पत्र
• आवेदन पत्र
• बधाई पत्र
• त्याग पत्र
• निमंत्रण पत्र
• शिकायती पत्र

प्रश्न 2. व्यापारिक’ शब्द व्यापार के साथ ‘इक’ प्रत्यय के योग से बना हैइक प्रत्यय के योग से बननेवाले शब्दों को अपनी पाठ्यपुस्तक से खोजकर लिखिए
उत्तर :
पाठ्यपुस्तक से खोजे गए ‘इक’ प्रत्यय युक्त शब्द


प्रश्न 3. दो स्वरों के मेल से होनेवाले परिवर्तन को स्वर संधि कहते हैं, जैसे-रवीन्द्र = रवि + इन्द्र। इस संधि में इ + इ = ई हुआ है। इसे दीर्घ संधि कहते हैं। दीर्घ स्वर संधि के और उदाहरण खोजकर लिखिए। मुख्य रूप से स्वर संधियाँ चार प्रकार की मानी गई हैं-दीर्घ, गुण, वृधि और यण।। ह्रस्व या दीर्घ अ, इ, उ के बाद ह्रस्व या दीर्घ अ, इ, उ, आ आए तो ये आपस में मिलकर क्रमशः दीर्घ आ, ई, ऊ हो जाते हैं, इसी कारण इस संधि को दीर्घ संधि कहते हैं; जैसे-संग्रह + आलय = संग्रहालय, महा + आत्मा = महात्मा।
इस प्रकार के कम-से-कम दो उदाहरण खोजकर लिखिए और अपनी शिक्षिका शिक्षक को दिखाइए।
उत्तर :
संधि के चार प्रकार और उनके उदाहरण

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 5 चिट्ठियों की अनूठी दुनिया help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 5 चिट्ठियों की अनूठी दुनिया, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 3 Environment Chapter 2 Save Mother Earth are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 3 Environment Chapter 2 Save Mother Earth.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 9
Subject	English Main Course Book
Chapter	Unit 3 Chapter 2
Chapter Name	Save Mother Earth
Category	NCERT Solutions

CBSE Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 3 Environment Chapter 2 Save Mother Earth

TEXTUAL EXERCISES
(Page 54)

SAVE MOTHER EARTH :
Question 1.
Listen carefully to ‘Meet the personality of the month programme’ and as you are listening fill in the details.
ENVIRONMENTALIST : Dr. Manu Srivastava
Causes of pollution :
1. Atmosphere :
a. ______________________
______________________

2. Water :
a. ______________________
______________________
b. ______________________
____________________

3. Effects of pollution :
a. ______________________
______________________
b. ______________________
______________________

Causes of pollution :
1. Atmosphere :
(a) smoke from tanneries polluting the air over and around Kanpur

2. Water :
(a) animal remains and chemicals from tanneries
(b) source point where water is sucked and contaminated due to the presence of slaughter houses and Cremation of dead bodies
(c) drinking water polluted

3. Effects of pollution :
(а) unsafe drinking water
(b) fish population decreased
(c) crops failed
(d) increase in illnesses and their recurrence

Human Rights activist : Ms, Hhraddaa Shankar :

1. Reasons for working in the factory :
(a) abject poverty

2. Effects :
(а) child labourers deprived of . basic facilities of education.
(б) poor health
(c) missing of the joys of childhood
(d) open to exploitation
(e) health affected due to worse conditions
(f) not getting safe drinking water

3. Steps which can be taken :
(а) counselling to the parents of these child labourers
(б) starting an agitation against unscrupulous fact ory owners
(c) constructive support for ‘Bachpan Bachao Andolan’

Question 2.
The residents of Kanpur decide to approach the Chairman of the Municipal Corporation with the problem of pollution in their city. In groups of six, play the role of the following: (Cue cards will be given by the teacher)

• A farmer
• An environmentalist
• Chairman of the Municipal Corporation
• President of ‘Save the Ganga Project’
• A Human rights activist

Answer :
Role-play at class level under the guidance and supervision of the teacher. The following information shall help in the role-play. The following persons shall say what has been given against each :
1. Farmer :
Well, I would like to add thiat this water pollution has been causing us a huge loss to our crops and threatening our livelihood. The polluted water has failed our crops greatly. As you all know, farming is our livelihood. If crops fail, our livelihood stands threatened and life stands in a great danger. I would, therefore, request for checking this water pollution without delay.

2. An environmentalist :
As an environmentalist I would like to say that water and air pollution over and around Kanpur pose a serious threat to the lives of the young India, that is children. Children have no drinking water. So their health is exposed to various recurring illnesses. Then breathing in the polluted air means contracting diseases. These are like asthma, bronchitis, eye disorder, throat infection etc. These affect the children the most. I would, therefore, request the Chairman to take immediate steps to contain this pollution.

3. A Human rights Activist :
As human rights activist, I would say that every living human being has a right to pure drinking water and pure pollution-free air to breathe in. Without saying any more about it, I would urge the Chairman to keep the rights of the Kanpur citizens in mind. He should take immediate steps so that the citizens live a healthy life for which they have a right.

4. President of‘Save the Ganga Project’ :
As the President of‘Save the Ganga Project’, I would add here that the holy Ganges has been a symbol of life source for all citizens of the country. Its pollution means denying life to all Indians. In fact, we all must work shoulder to shoulder with the civic and govt, authorities to make the Ganges pollution-free without any delay. For that we can form groups of young volunteers for a cleanliness drive. It may be called ‘Purifying the Ganges Abhiyaan.’

5. Chairman of the Municipal Corporation :
I thank you all for your valuable suggestions. I also appreciate your willingness to volunteer your services for cleansing the Ganges at Kanpur of various contaminants.

I think we must start working together to make a fool-proof master plan taking into consideration all the aspects of the problem. I would like to add here that the Govt, is already seized with the problem. At our level, I am going to place our suggestions before the Apex committee. It will devise ways and means to bring out immediate results.
I hope you’ll soon hear some good results about the same.
Thank you all.

Question 3.
After the role play, the Chairman will put forward the final decision with reasons.
Answer :
As Chairman, I would like to add that your valuable suggestions have been collected. The final decision is as follows :

1. Accepting the services of the youth for cleansing the Ganges. For this necessary information shall be given soon.
2. A kind of master plan taking all aspects of the problem Ayill soon be formulated.
3. This will be in coordination with the authorities at high level and the guidelines there-of.
4. The Apex committee will soon meet to give a final shape to the suggestions and recommendations to bring out immediate results.
5. Monthly meetings between the Corporation officials and various NGOs together with other social workers are to materialise soon…

Question 4.
As a resident of Kanpur, write a formal letter to the Editor of a prominent newspaper highlighting the problem discussed in B.2. Also give some suggestions on how this problem can be reduced.

Answer :
A-43, civil lines
Kanpur
14 January, 2015
The Editor
The Times of India
New Delhi
Subject : Environmental pollution over and around Kanpur
Sir
Through the columns of your esteemed daily I would like to invite the attention of the concerned authorities towards the environmental pollution over and around Kanpur. The tanneries in Kanpur are releasing daily 250 million litres of waste water into the Ganges. This contains animal remains and hazardous chemicals like arsenic, cadmium, mercury and chrome. Then smoke of these tanneries has been polluting the air here. As a result, neither drinking water is pure nor is the air pure. The city’s source point from where water is sucked from the river is also polluted. This is due to the slaughter houses and dead bodies being cremated on the ghats. Fish population has fallen, so the crops. Recurrent illnesses have compounded the problem.

The child labourers working in these tanneries run the risk to their health. They have neither potable drinking water nor pure air to breathe in. They have no basic facilities of education and no joys of childhood also. So their future and health are at a grave risk.

This serious problem can be solved. First, the sewage treatment plant set up to treat tannery sewage must at once be set in a working condition. Second, parents of the children must be counselled about their role in ensuring the health of their children. Third, slaughter houses must be shifted elsewhere. Fourth, the dead bodies must not be allowed to be cremated on the ghats of the river. Finally, constructive support should be given for making the ‘Bachpan Bachao Andolan’ successful.
Yours faithfully,
Praveen Kumar.

Question 5.
India’s Major worries. Read the following paragraph. Then work in pairs and list the different ways in which you can contribute to save Mother Earth. As an individual you can make a major contribution towards reducing India’s over all emission levels.

Answer :
Mainly for working in pairs. The following points will be of use.
SAVE MOTHER EARTH CAMPAIGN :
(a) Turn off the computer when not in use
(b) Turn off the lights, fans, tubes, bulbs etc, when not in use
(c) Don’t throw polythene bags here and there
(d) Don’t burn dry leaves, plastic bags, tyres etc
(e) Plant more and more trees at every available piece of land
(f ) Install sewage treatment plants at suitable points before waste water is put into the rivers in all cities
(g) Dump or recycle garbage or kitchen waste
(h) Plant trees on both the sides of the railway tracks and roads
(i) Recycle electronic waste properly
(j) Factories to release smoke after proper treatment
(k) Expand and increase forest area where possible
(l) Encourage wildlife by setting up national parks, reserves etc.

Question 6.
Read the following article on Global Warming and complete the flow chart given below.

Global Warming is caused by the accumulation of Green house Gases – CO₂ , and methane in the atmosphere, resulting in the change of Earth’s over all surface temperature. India, a low latitude country,would face much of the misery due to climatic changes. Rainfall pattern is expected to undergo a major change in areas like Kerala, MP and North East. Himalayan glaciers are melting. This could prove catastrophic for those living downstream in the plains.

Due to global warming heat is trapped in the atmosphere causing the ice to melt. Rising sea levels would inundate many of the coastal cities. Extreme weather conditions such as heavy rainfall are expected to happen resulting in loss of life and property.
Answer :

Question 7.
Carbon Footprint In groups, choose and research any one aspect of how we are leaving carbon footprints and how to modify our lifestyle. Each group will then make a project on the various aspects.
Answer :
Work at class level in groups. One group to take up one project individually. Some information relating to one aspect of how we are leaving carbon footprints and how to modify our lifestyle is given below :
Project : use of a vehicle (eg, car) for even a little distance
Harmful effects :

• smoke emission to cause environmental pollution
• taxing on pocket in terms of money being spent on petrol etc.
• increasing use of petrol, its after effects, etc.
• amount of smoke and heat into the atmosphere
• causing harm to others’ health
• inviting body lethargy
• lack of physical exercise and invitation to diseases
• obesity, fatness, improper body functioning
• short life due to more comforts, luxuries etc.

Modifying life :

• walking for short distance means burning of necessary calories

style to ensure :

• physical exercises in walking short distances

healthy living :

• body functioning properly due to physical labour.
• saving of money likely to be spent on buying of petrol and maintenance of the vehicle.
• ensuring of good health, proper functioning of body resulting in good digestion, active life, mental and physical alertness.
• good life to be spent and enjoyed without any tension due to physical ailment and saving of money on unnecessary items which could be dispensed with.

⇒ Read the following excerpts from newspapers on various environmental issues :
In groups, choose and research any one aspect of how we are leaving carbon footprints and how to modify our lifestyle. Each group will then make a project on the various aspects. Read the following excerpts from newspapers on various environmental issues.

Ban the Bag :
The Indus Valley Civilisation left beautifully crafted pottery that speaks volumes of the advances its people made. After 3,000 years, if the ruins we leave behind are excavated, chances are only plastic bags would be dug up. It may sound like an exaggeration, but these bags are not biodegradable. Apart from causing emissions when these are manufactured, noxious fumes are released while these are being burnt or disposed off. So, be kind to Mother Earth the next time you go shopping for groceries, remember to carry a cloth bag with you.

What India Should Do :
India has released the National Action Plan on Climate Change. Is it adequate? Is there more that the country can do? Here are some ways how we can make a difference.

(a) SOLAR MISSION :
To promote the use of solar energy through solar photovoltaic and thermal systems for power generation. To also integrate other renewable energy technologies like biomass and wind.

(b) ENERGY EFFICIENCY :
To mitigate GHG through sector-specific and cross-cutting technology and fuel switch options. To use more LNG and biomass fuels besides seeking tech transfer.

(c) SUSTAINABLE HABITAT :
To promote energy efficiency in the residential and commercial sectors through LPG use. To better manage municipal solid waste and urban public transport.

(d) WATER MISSION :
To promote efficient water use, augment supply in critical areas and ensure effective management of water resources. To have better management of surface and groundwater. Also conserve wetlands.

(e) SUSTAINING HIMALAYAS :
To enhance monitoring and conservation of the Himalayan ecosystems, empower local communities for management of ecological resources and promote sustainable tourism.

(f) GREEN INDIA :
To reduce fragmentation of forests, enhance public and private investments for plantation, upscale joint forestry management and promote conservation of biodiversity. Need to afforest degraded lands.

(g) SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE :
To focus on four crucial areas – dry land agriculture, risk management, access to information and promoting the use of biotechnology. To develop drought and pest resistant varieties.

Question 8.
In groups, work on one of the topics mentioned in B8 (a)-(g). Research your topic by collecting relevant articles from the print and electronic media (like the National Geographic). Make a power point presentation of 10-12 minutes. You can also use film clippings to enrich your presentation.
Answer :
Students to proceed as directed.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 3 Environment Chapter 2 Save Mother Earth help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 3 Environment Chapter 2 Save Mother Earth, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 1 Chapter 3 Can You Know People You Haven’t MetCan are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 1 Chapter 3 Can You Know People People You Haven’t Met.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 9
Subject	English Main Course Book
Chapter	Unit 1 Chapter 3
Chapter Name	Can You Know People You Haven’t Met
Category	NCERT Solutions

CBSE Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 1 People Chapter 3 Can You Know People You Haven’t Met

TEXTUAL EXERCISES
(Page 15)

Question 1.
Is it possible to make accurate guesses about the people you have not met ? Read the poem, to see how conclusions can be drawn about people.
Answer :
Abandoned Farmhouse He was a big man, says the size of his shoes On a pile of broken dishes by the house; A tall man too, says the length of the bed In an upstairs room; and a good, God-fearing man, Says the Bible with a broken back On the floor below a window, bright with sun; But not a man for farming, say the fields Cluttered with boulders and a leaky barn. A woman lived with him, says the bedroom wall Papered with lilacs and the kitchen shelves Covered with oilcloth, and they had a child Says the sandbox made from a tractor tire. Money was scarce, say the jars of plum preserves And canned tomatoes sealed in the cellar-hole, And the winters cold, say the rags in the window frames. It was lonely here, says the narrow country road. Something went wrong, says the empty house In the weed-choked yard. Stones in the fields Say he was not a farmer; the still-sealed jars In the cellar say she left in a nervous haste. And the child? Its toys are strewn in the yard Like branches after a storm – a rubber cow, a rusty tractor and a broken plow, a doll in overalls. Something went wrong, they say. ( Ted Kooser )

Question 2.
Complete the following sentences about the poem.
1. In the first stanza, the poet refers to four pieces of evidence : large shoes, a long bed, the Bible, fields cluttered with boulders and a leaky barn. This leads the poet to conclude that ‘the man of the house’ was ______________
2. I think that the child was probably about six years old because ______________
3. The poet suggests that a woman lived in the farmhouse because ______________
4, The family probably left the farmhouse because ______________
Answer :
1. In the first stanza, the poet refers to four pieces of evidence : large shoes, a long bed, the Bible, fields cluttered with boulders, and a leaky barn. This leads the poet to conclude that ‘the man of the house’ was big, tall, religious and not interested in farming.
2. I think that the child was probably about six years old because she had toys (a rubber cow, a rusty tractor, a broken plough, and a doll in overalls) to play with.
3. The poet suggests that a woman lived in the farmhouse because the bedroom wall was papered with lilacs, and the kitchen shelves were covered with oil-cloth.
4. The family probably left the farmhouse because of some natural calamity like a storm, etc, ; or kidnapping or raid by dacoits.

Question 3.
The poet draws conclusions about the family without having met them. He does this by lines such as :
Something went wrong, says the empty house
in the weed-choked yard…
This is a style of English that is very suitable for a poem. But in ordinary speech or writing we use expressions such as :

For example, we could say :

• There are large shoes in the farmhouse. So it is likely that the farmer was a big man.
• It seems that they had a child, because there is a sandbox made from a tractor tire.
• The kitchen shelves were covered with oil cloth. This suggests that a woman lived in the farmhouse.

Make other sentences like this, using ideas from the poem.
Answer :

1. There is the Bible with a broken back on the floor below a window. This suggests that the man was religious-minded and God-fearing.
2. The man did not do farming. It is clear from the fields which were strewn with boulders and stones.
3. There are the jars of plum preserves and canned tomatoes sealed in the cellar-hole. It indicates that the woman left the house in nervous haste and the man didn’t have enough money.

Students can write more sentences for practice using ideas from the poem on the pattern given above.

Question 4.
Imagine that a Social Worker comes to the abandoned farmhouse to find out what may have happened to the family. She makes the following observations in her note – pad

On the basis of these notes, the Social Worker presents the facts as she sees them to her Head of Department. Unfortunately she spills ink on her report. Complete her report.

Answer :
When I reached the farmhouse, I saw that the house was empty, which indicated that the inhabitants had left. I wondered where they might have gone. It was clear that the owner was not a farmer, because of the boulders in the field and the leaky barn. Presumably (There is a possibility that), the family was poor, because I saw several sealed jars in the cellar. Also it showed that a woman lived there. It was obvious she had left in a hurry. What was most touching was that the toys were scattered in the yard.

Question 5.
When we write informal letters (to a friend, or to a member of our family) we use this layout.
Answer :

Amit from Hyderabad has got admission to a college in Bengaluru. He has to share his room with another boy. When he arrives at the hostel he learns that his room-mate has gone home for a few days. Based on his observations of the room, Amit writes a letter to his friend, Sumit, about his new room-mate. (You may use some of the expressions suggested in C.3.) As Amit, write the letter. In your writing, remember to follow CODER

28th September, 2015
Dear Sumit
I hope all are feeling fine. I have been allotted the room but have to share it with another boy. I have yet to see him because when I came he had gone home for a few days. When I opened the room I found it in disorder. From the things I gathered that my room-mate is a happy-go-lucky young man.

He plays tennis and football. The tennis racket lay flat on his bed. The football lay on the floor near the bed. This suggests that my room-mate is a little casual in maintaining the room in a proper shape. This casual approach can be judged by the fact that the floor was littered with pens and pencils along with the papers. One sock was put on the bedpost as well the towel. The trousers were hanging on the chair. This suggests he was in a hurry to go out to play. The paper and pen lay on the table. One chappal lay stood up on the floor near the bedpost. The bedsheet also hung down from the bed. The pillow was also not properly placed but lay haphazardly. This suggests that he is hard-pressed for time. The picture on the wall bent downwards to its left. This shows that probably my room-mate is a bit careless about his things.

From all these things I conclude that my room-mate is a care-free young man. He is a sports enthusiast and enjoys living on his own.
Yours sincerely,
Amit.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 1 Chapter 3 Can You Know People You Haven’t Met help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 1 Chapter 3 Can You Know People You Haven’t Met, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

 

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 7 Sports and Games Chapter 3 Hockey and Football are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 7 Sports and Games Chapter 3 Hockey and Football.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 9
Subject	English Main Course Book
Chapter	Unit 7 Chapter 3
Chapter Name	Hockey and Football
Category	NCERT Solutions

CBSE Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 7 Sports and Games Chapter 3 Hockey and Football

TEXTUAL EXERCISES
(Page 150)

Question 1.
Read and enjoy :
Answer :
No question/s has/have been asked.

Question 2.
Form pairs-one student will read the Hockey text, and the second student will read the football text.
Answer :
Students to read as directed.

Question 3.
Each student will now complete his/her half of the following table (Hockey or Football), by adding information from the text each has read.

Answer :

Question 4.
When both students have completed their half of the table above, exchange information, by asking and answering questions e.g.

1. What’s the weight of the football ?
2. When do you get a penalty in hockey ?

As you receive information from your partner, write it down in the other half of the table above. (Do not let your partner look at your table !)
Answer :

1. 397-454 grams in weight.
2. Penalty in hockey is awarded when a foul is committed or the ball is hit outside his goal-line.

Question 5.
Either in groups or individually, make a power-point presentation on either of the two games. Incorporate points from the table above and any other interesting information / detail.
Answer :
Students to make a power-point presentation on their own taking the clues given in this chapter.

Question 6.
Your school is playing a football/hockey match with the neighbouring school. You are the official commentator for the match. Give a running commentary on the last few breathtaking minutes of the match.
Or
In groups of four, give a running commentary of the whole match. Each student must become the commentator at some point of time. (Your commentary should not be of more than three minutes)
Answer :
Students to give the commentary on the football/hockey matches on their own.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 7 Sports and Games Chapter 3 Hockey and Football help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English Main Course Book Unit 7 Sports and Games Chapter 3 Hockey and Football, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.