Category: CBSE Class 8

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Industries

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Industries

1. Answer the following questions.
Question 1(1).
What is meant by the term ‘industry’?
Answer:
The industry refers to economic activity that is concerned with the production of goods, extraction of minerals or the provision of services.

Question 1(2).
Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?
Answer:
Main factors which influence the location of an industry.

• Availability of raw materials
• Transport and communication
• Land
• Power
• Water
• Capital
• Labour
• Market

Question 1(3).
Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of the modern industry and why?
Answer:
The iron and steel industry is often referred to as the backbone of the modern industry because almost everything we use is either made of iron or steel or has been made with tools and machinery of these metals.

Question 1(4).
Why cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai?
Answer:
The cotton textile industry has rapidly expanded in Mumbai because of the following favourable conditions
(a) Warm and moist climate
(b) Port for importing machinery
(c) Availability of raw materials
(d) Skilled labour

Question 1(5).
What are the similarities between the information technology industry in Bangalore and California?
Answer:
Some of the points of similarity between the information technology industry in Bangalore and Silicon Valley are:

• Educational and technological institutions: Bangalore has the largest number of educational institutions and IT colleges in India and Silicon Valley is also situated close to some reputed scientific and technological centers of the world.
• Environment: Both of Bangalore and Silicon Valley have low pollution levels and have a clean environment.

Question 2.
Tick the correct answer.
1. Silicon Valley is located in 
(a) Bangalore
(b) California
(c) Ahmedabad.

2. Which one of the following industries is known as the sunrise industry?
(a) Iron and steel industry
(b) Cotton textile
(c) Information technology.

(3) Which one of the following is a natural fiber?
(a) nylon
(b) jute
(c) acrylic

Question 3.
Distinguish between the following.
(1) Agro-based and mineral-based industry
(2) Public sector and joint sector industry.
Answer:
(1) Distinction between Agro-based and Mineral-based Industry

Agro-hased Industries	Mineral-based Industries
1. The industries which obtain raw materials from agriculture are called agro-based industries. 2. These industries provide employment in rural areas. 3. Agro-based industries are mostly in private or co-operative sectors. 4. Examples: Jute, sugar, cotton textile, vegetable oil, and plantation.	1. Industries based on minerals for their raw materials are termed mineral-based industries. 2. They provide employment both to rural and urban labour. 3. These industries are generally located in the public sector due to the huge investments involved. 4. Examples: Iron and steel industry, machine tools industry.

(2) Distinction between Public Sector and Joint Sector Industry

Public Sector Industry	Joint Sector Industry
1. The industry which is owned and controlled by State Govt, or the Central Govt, is called Public Sector Industry. 2. Examples: Indian Railways, Steel plants at Durgapur, Bhilai, HMT, Heavy Electrical, etc.	1. The industry which is owned and controlled by government and individuals are called joint sector industries. 2. Examples: Cement industries, paper industries, information technology, MUL (Maruti Udyog Limited).

Question 4.
Give two examples of the following in the space provided.

1. Raw Materials: Iron ore and limestone.
2. End product: Iron and steel.
3. Tertiary Activities: Transport and banking.
4. Agro-based Industries: Sugar and vegetable oil.
5. Cottage Industries: Basket making and weaving.
6. Co-operatives: Sugar and Amul milk union.

Question 5.
Activity
How to identify a location for establishing an industry—
Divide your class into groups. Each group is a Board of Directors faced with the problem of choosing a suitable site for an iron and steel plant of Developer Dweep. A team of technical experts has submitted a report with notes and a map. The team considered access to iron ore, coal, water, and limestone, as well as the main market, sources of labour, and port facilities. The team has suggested two sites, X and Y. The Board of Directors has to take the final decision of where to locate the steel plant.

• Read the report submitted by the team.
• Study the map to find out the distances of the resources from each site.
• Give each resource a ‘weight’ from 1 to 10, according to its importance. The greater the ‘pull’ of the factor on the industry the higher the weight from 1 to 10.
• Complete the table below.
• The site with the lowest total should be the most satisfactory site.
• Remember each group of directors can decide differently.

Report

Factors/resources affecting the location of a proposed iron and steel plant on Developen Dweep.

• Iron ore: This is a very large deposit of low-grade iron ore. Long-distance transportation of the ore would be uneconomic.
• Coal: The only coalfield that contains rich deposits of high-grade coal. Transportation of coal is by railway, which is relatively cheap.
• Limestone: This is widely available over the island, but the purest deposits are in the China Mountains.
• Water: Both the tributaries of River Neel carry sufficient water to supply a large iron and steel plant in all seasons. The seawater because of its high salt content is unsuitable.
• Market: It is expected that the chief market for the Plant’s products will be the engineering works of Rajdhanipur. Transport costs for the products—mainly small steel bars and light steel plates would be relatively low.
• Labour supply: This will have to be recruited mainly from the unskilled workers in
  the 3 fishing villages of Hill, Rah, and Sing. It is expected that most workers will
  commute daily from their present homes.
• Port facilities: These are at present minimal. There is a good, deep natural harbour at port Paschimpur developed to import metal alloys.

Resource	Distance from X	Distance from Y	Weighting 1-10	Distance V weight for site X	Distance x weight for site Y
Iron ore	8	3	1	8	3
Coal	12	17	1	12	17
Limestone	11	6	2	22	12
Water	1	1	2	2	2
Chief market	20	25	5	100	125
Labour supply	8	13	3	24	39
			Total =	168	198

The smaller the pull, the higher the weighting.
Answer:
Site X is more suitable.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Industries, help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Industries, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Understanding Laws

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science. Here we have given. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Understanding Laws

Question 1.
Write in your own words what you understand by the term the ‘rule of law’. In your response include a fictitious or real example of a violation of the rule of law.
Answer:
Rule of law means that all laws apply equally to all citizens of the country and no one can be above the law. Neither a government official nor a wealthy person. Even the President of the country is not above the law.. For example,

• While driving the car, if a person crosses the red light, it means he has broken the traffic rule. It is a case of violation, of law.
• Last month a person entered our neighbour’s house in their absence and stole all the gold ornaments and money. That person has committed a crime. It is also a case of violation of the law.

Question 2.
State two reasons why historians refute the claim that the British introduced the rule of law in India.
Answer:
Historians refute the claim that the British introduced the rule of law in India on the following basis :

• The colonial rule was arbitrary.
• The Indian nationalists played a prominent role in the development of the legal sphere in British India.

Question 3.
Re-read the storyboard; on how a new law on domestic violence got passed. Describe in your own words the different ways in which women’s groups worked to make this happen.
Answer:
Domestic violence against women was very common in India in the early 1990s. Throughout the 1990s, the need for a new law was raised in different forums like Public meetings and women’s organizations. In 1999, Lawyers Collective, a group of lawyers, law students and activists, after nation-wide consultations took the lead in drafting the Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) Bill. This draft bill was widely circulated. Meetings were held all over the country supporting the introduction of this Act.

The Bill was first introduced in Parliament in 2002, but it was not to the satisfaction of all. Several women’s organizations, like the National Commission for Women, made submissions to the Parliamentary Standing Committee requesting changes in the Bill. In December 2002, after reviewing the request made by the National Commission for Women, the Parliamentary Standing Committee submitted its recommendations to the Rajya Sabha and these were also tabled in the Lok Sabha. The Committee’s report accepted most of the demands of the women’s groups.

Finally, a new Bill was reintroduced in Parliament in 2005. After being passed in both houses of Parliament, it was sent to the President for his assent. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act came into effect in 2006.

Question 4.
Write in your own words what you understand by the following sentence.
‘They also began fighting for greater equality and wanted to change the idea of law from a set of rules that they were forced to obey, to the law as including ideas of justice.’
Answer:
The Britishers ruled India for a long period of time. Their law was arbitrary. They used to introduce any law at any time which they deemed correct. But the fact was that the laws were applied to harass or humiliate Indians.

For example, Rowlatt Act was passed which allowed the British government to imprison people without due trial. Britishers discriminated against Indians on the basis of their colour and race. Different laws were made for Whites (Britishers) and Blacks (Indians).

Indian nationalists began protesting and criticizing the arbitrary use of authority by the British. They asked for a greater share of Indians in the government. They fought for their identity and self-respect. They asked the British government to make some rules for both the Britishers and the Indians. Nationalists defy to obey their set of rules and openly broke several laws made by the Britishers. Masses came on roads to follow their leaders and asked the Britishers to do justice with them by making proper and rational laws.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Understanding Laws, help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Understanding Laws, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 2 From Trade to Territory

These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science.Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 2 From Trade to Territory

Question 1.
Match the following:

Answer:

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:
(a) The British conquest of Bengal began with the Battle of Plassey
(b) Haidar Ali and Tipu Sultan were the rulers of Mysore
(c) Dalhousie implemented the Doctrine of Lapse  
(d) Maratha kingdoms were located mainly in the western part of India.

Question 3.
State whether True or False:
(a) The Mughal empire became stronger in the eighteenth century False  
(b) The English East India Company was the only European Company that traded with India.False 
(c) Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the ruler of Punjab.True  
(d) The British did hot introduce administrative changes in the territories they conquered. False  

Question 4.
What attracted European trading companies to India?
Answer:
The European Companies saw great opportunities in trade with India. They could buy goods at a cheaper rate in India and carry them back to Europe to sell at a higher price. This opportunity attracted them to India.

Question 5.
What were the areas of conflict between the Bengal nawabs and the East India Company?
Answer:
Areas of conflict between the Nawabs of Bengal and the East India Company:

1. Requests to grant concessions to Company.
2. The demand of large tributes from the Company for the right to trade.
3. Denial of right to minting (making) coins.
4. Stoppage of fortification expansion.
5. Nawab claimed that the company was depriving the Bengal government of a huge amount of revenue.
6. Undermining the authority of the nawab.

Actions are taken by the Company

1. Refusal to payment of taxes by the Company.
2. Writing of disrespectful letters by the Company.
3. Trying to humiliate the nawab and his officials.
4. Enlargement of settlements by the Company, Buying villages.
5. The rebuilding of forts.

Question 6.
How did the assumption of Diwani benefit the East India Company?
Answer:
The assumption of Diwani benefited the East India Company in the following ways:

• The Diwani allowed the Company to use the vast revenue resources of Bengal.
• The outflow of gold and silver which the Company imported to buy goods in India was stopped.
• The revenue from Bengal now could be used to purchase cotton and silk textiles in India, maintain Company troops, and meet the cost of building the Company fort and offices at Calcutta.

Question 7.
Explain the system of “subsidiary alliance”.
Answer:
Under the subsidiary alliance;

1. Indian rulers were not allowed to have their independent armed forces.
2. The rulers were to be protected by the Company, but for this, they had to pay money.
3. If the Indian rulers failed to make the payment, then part of their territory was to be taken away as a penalty.

Question 8.
In what way was the administration of the Company different from that of Indian rulers?
Answer:
Administration of Company was different from that of Indian Ruler

Company’s Administration	Indian Rulers’ Administration
Administrative units divided into Presidencies. Three Presidencies—Bengal, Madras, and Bombay. Each Presidency ruled by Governor and districts by collectors Governor-General—the Supreme head. The presidency was further divided into districts and the collector was head of the district.	Four parts of each kingdom—District, Pargana, Tehsil, and Villages. Controlled by zamindars and peasants. King, the supreme head.

Question 9.
Describe the changes that occurred in the composition of the Company’s army.
Answer:

1. The East India Company recruited professional soldiers in place of sawars and paidal soldiers.
2. The soldiers were trained in new warfare technology in European style.
3. The soldiers were armed with muskets and matchlocks.

Question 10.
After the British conquest of Bengal, Calcutta -grew from a small village to a big city. Find out about the culture, architecture, and the life of Europeans and Indians of the city during the colonial period.
Answer:
Hints: Visit the school library or get information from the internet.
Indians were influenced by the British culture, architecture, and lifestyle.

• Culture: British influence began.
• Architecture: Influenced by British Architecture (fortification of the city, churches, etc.). Rich Indians started constructing bungalows in the English style.
• Life: English education, English clothes, became be popular.

Question 11.
Collect pictures, stories, poems, and information about any of the following—the Rani of Jhansi, Mahadji Sindhia, Haidar Ali, Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Lord Dalhousie, or any other contemporary ruler of your region.
Answer:
The Rani of Jhansi: Collect information and photographs
Hints:

1.  Early childhood
2. Early marriage
3. Death of husband
4. Adopted son
5. Fight with British
6. Died fighting with the British.
7. History would always remember her.

1. Rani Of Jhansi:

Lakshmibai was born probably on 19 November 1828 in the holy town of Varanasi in a Marathi brahmin family. Her father was Moropant Tambe. Her father worked for a court of Peshwa of Bithoor district. Peshwa brought Manikarnika up like his own daughter. The Peshwa called her “Chhabili”, which means “playful”.

She was educated at home and was more independent in her childhood than others of her age; her studies included archery, horsemanship, and self-defense.

Rani Lakshmibai was accustomed to ride on horseback accompanied by a small escort between the palace and the temple. The Rani Mahal, the place of Rani Lakshmibai, has now been converted into a museum. She died, fighting British Army bravely, to save her state Jhansi.

2. Mahadaji Shindhia

Mahadaji Shinde (1730-1794 A.D.) also spelled as Mahadji Scindia or Mahadaji Scindia, was a Maratha ruler of the state of Gwalior in central India.

Mahadaji was instrumental in resurrecting Maratha power in North India after the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761 and rose to become a trusted lieutenant of the

Peshwa, leader of the Maratha Empire. During his reign, Gwalior became the leading state in the Maratha Empire and one of the foremost military powers in India.

He accompanied Shah Alarm II (Mughal Badshah) in 1771 to Delhi in order to restore the Mughals in Delhi. The Marathas were practically at that time ruling Delhi.

He annihilated the power of Jats of Mathura and during 1772-73 and destroyed the power of Pashtun Rohillas in Rohilkhand and captured Najibabad. His role during the First Anglo Maratha War was greatest from the Maratha side since he humbled the British in Central India, single-handed, which resulted in the Treaty of Salbai in 1782, where he mediated between the Peshwa and the British.

3. Hyder Ali Of Mysore

Hyder Ali (1721-1782) was the sultan and de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India. Born Hyder Naik, he distinguished himself militarily, eventually drawing the attention of Mysore’s rulers. Rising from the post of Dalavayi (commander-in-chief) to Krishnaraja Wodeyar II, he came to dominate the titular monarch and the Mysore government. He became the de facto ruler of Mysore as Sarvadhikari (Chief Minister) by 1761. He offered strong anti-colonial resistance against the military advances of the British East’India Company during the First and Second Anglo Mysore Wars and he was the innovator of military use of the ‘iron-cased Mysorean rockets.

4. Maharaja Ranjit Singh

Ranjit Singh was born to Sardar Maha Singh and Raj Kaur on 13 November 1780, in Gujranwala, Punjab (now in Pakistan). As a child, he suffered from smallpox which resulted in the loss of one eye. At the time, much of Punjab was ruled by the Sikhs under a Confederate Sarbat Khalsa system, which had divided the territory among factions known as misls Ranjit Singh’s father was the commander of the Sukerchakia Misl and controlled a territory in west Punjab based around his headquarter at Gujranwala.

In 1799, Ranjit Singh captured Lahore (now in Pakistan) from the Bhangi Misl and later made it his capital. This was the first important step in his rise to power. In the following years, he brought the whole of central Punjab from the Sutlej to the Jhelum under his sway. This area includes north of Satluj (Jullundhar, Amritsar, Pathankot, etc.); and Lahore, Multan, etc. of Pakistan.

5. Lord Dalhousie

Governor-general of India (1848 to 1856): Lord Dalhousie is one the most negatively remembered personality in the rule of East India Company. He ruled India with his full efficiency from 1848 to 1856 A.D. In India, he was famous for various negative and positive reasons.
Positive:

1. Starting of Railway in 1853 A.D. for the first time, between Bombay to Thane.
2. Starting of postal and telegraph services in India.
3. Starting of widow remarriage in 1856 A.D.
4. Completion of Ganges Canal.
5. Reform in Indian civil services.

Negative

1. East India Company captured the princely state of Punjab in 1849 A.D.
2. Second Anglo-Burmese War.
3. The doctrine of Lapse (Most Controversial).
4. The annexation of Awadh.

Objective Type Questions

1. Match the following:

Answer:
(i)  c
(ii) d
(iii) a
(iv) b
(v)  f
(vi) e

2. State whether True or False:

1. The British originally came as traders. (True)
2. The battle of Buxar ended in 1764. (True)
3. The second Anglo Maratha war was fought in 1757. (False)
4. Maratha kingdoms were located mainly in the northern part of India. (False)
5. The army was known as the sepoy army during the company’s rule. (True)

3. Fill in the blanks:

1. Indian rulers’ administrative units were divided into District, Parganas, and Tehsil 
2. The new system of justice was set up in the year 1772  
3. The first English factory was set up on the banks of the River Hugli
4. Queen Elizabeth granted the East India Company the sole right to trade with the East.
5. After the defeat at Plassey, Mir Jafar was made the Nawab.
6. Lord Dalhousie devised the policy of Doctrine of Lapse.

Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct answer:
1. Which of the following was NOT the Presidency?
(a) Bengal
(b) Madras
(c) Bombay
(d) Kalikata

2. Tipu Sultan stopped export through his kingdom in
(a) 1764
(b) 1772
(c) 1785   
(d) 1790

3. The first English factory was set up in the year
(a) 1600
(b) 1651
(c) 1655
(d) 1665

4. Who discovered the sea route to India in 1498?
(a) Columbus
(b) Dutch
(c) East India Company
(d) Vasco-da-Gama

5. Robert Clive committed suicide in the year
(a) 1770
(b) 1743
(c) 1767
(d) 1774

6. The Third Battle of Panipat was fought in the year
(a) 1743
(b) 1752
(c) 1761
(d) 1763

7. Rani Channamma was the ruler of
(a) Bengal
(b) Kitoor
(c) Agra
(d) Delhi

8. Haidar Ali was the ruler of
(a) Bengal
(b) Delhi
(c) Bombay
(d) Mysore

9. European trading companies were attracted to India due to
(a) cheap land
(b) cheap labour
(c) raw material like cotton silk and spices
(d) none of these

10. Competition among the companies resulted in
(a) reduced profits of companies
(b) quality of goods
(c) price became low
(d) none of these

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 2 From Trade to Territory, help you. If you have any queries regarding this NCERT solution for Class 8 Social Science History Chapter 2 From Trade to Territory, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 6 भगवान के डाकिए are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 6 भगवान के डाकिए.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 8
Subject	Hindi Vasant
Chapter	Chapter 6
Chapter Name	भगवान के डाकिए
Number of Questions Solved	15
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 6 भगवान के डाकिए

प्रश्न-अभ्यास
(पाठ्यपुस्तक से)

कविता से

प्रश्न 1. कवि ने पक्षी और बादल को भगवान के डाकिए क्यों बताया है? स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तर :
पक्षी और बादल को भगवान के डाकिए इसलिए बताया गया है क्योंकि
(क) पक्षी और बादल वह चिट्ठियाँ लाते हैं, जिसमें भगवान द्वारा भेजा गया संदेश होता है।
(ख) ये इंसानी डाकियों के विपरीत मनुष्य द्वारा बनाई सीमा में बँधकर काम नहीं करते हैं।
(ग) इनकी लाई चिट्ठियों को मनुष्य नहीं पढ़ पाता है। इन चिट्ठियाँ को पेड़, पर्वत, पौधे, पानी तथा पहाड़ पढ़ते हैं।
(घ) इनमें निहित संदेश किसी व्यक्ति विशेष के लिए न होकर सारे संसार के लिए होता है। दूसरे शब्दों में ये विश्वबंधुत्व को संदेश फैलाते हैं।

प्रश्न 2. पक्षी और बादल द्वारा लाई गई चिट्ठियों को कौन-कौन पढ़ पाते हैं? सोचकर लिखिए।
उत्तर :
पक्षी और बादल द्वारा लाई गई चिट्ठियों को मनुष्य नहीं पढ़ पाते हैं। इन चिट्ठियों को प्रकृति के विभिन्न अंग पेड़, पौधे, पहाड़, पानी आदि पढ़ पाते हैं।

प्रश्न 3. किन पंक्तियों का भाव है
(क) पक्षी और बादल प्रेम, सद्भाव और एकता का संदेश एक देश से दूसरे देश को भेजते हैं।
(ख) प्रकृति देश-देश में भेदभाव नहीं करती। एक देश से उठा बादल दूसरे देश में बरस जाता है।
उत्तर :

(क)
पक्षी और बादल,
ये भगवान के डाकिए हैं,
जो एक महादेश से
दूसरे महादेश को जाते हैं।
हम तो समझ नहीं पाते हैं।
मगर उनकी लाई चिट्ठियाँ
पेड़, पौधे, पानी और पहाड़
बाँचते हैं।

(ख)
एक देश की धरती दूसरे
देश को सुंगध भेजती है।
और वह सौरभ हवा में तैरते हुए
पक्षियों की पाँखों पर तिरता है।
और एक देश का भाप
दूसरे देश में पानी
बनकर गिरता है।

प्रश्न 4. पक्षी और बादल की चिट्ठियों में पेड़-पौधे, पानी और पहाड़ क्या पढ़ पाते हैं?
उत्तर :
पक्षी और बादल की लाई चिट्ठियों में पौधे, पेड़, पानी और पहाड़ यह पढ़ पाते हैं कि प्रकृति में उनके आस-पास जो सौरभ उड़ रहा है तथा जल जो वाष्प रूप में चारों ओर विद्यमान है, उसे दूर-दूर तक पहुँचाना है। इस काम का प्रसार दूर-दूर तक अन्य देशों में भी चाहिए। इस कार्य को बिना किसी भेदभाव के स्वच्छंदतापूर्वक संपन्न करना है।

प्रश्न 5. “एक देश की धरती दूसरे देश को सुगंध भेजती है”-कथन का भाव स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तर :
‘एक देश की धरती दूसरे देश को सुगंध भेजती है’ पंक्ति का भाव यह है कि धरती के लिए इसे पृथ्वी के सभी मनुष्य एक समान हैं। वे कहीं के भी वासी क्यों न हो। प्रकृति (धरती) स्थान का भेदभाव किए बिना अपने-पराए की भावना से ऊपर उठकर सुगंध भेजती है। इस सुगंध में प्रेम, एकता, सद्भाव तथा समानता का संदेश छिपा होता है।

पाठ से आगे

प्रश्न 1. पक्षी और बादल की चिट्ठियों के आदान-प्रदान को आप किस दृष्टि से देख सकते हैं?
उत्तर :
पक्षी और बादल की चिट्ठियों के आदान-प्रदान को हम प्रेम, एकता, समानता और सद्भाव के आदान-प्रदान के रूप में देखते हैं। इन चिट्ठियों में भगवान द्वारा भेजा गया संदेश छिपा होता है, जिसे हम समझ पाने में असमर्थ होते हैं। भगवान का यह संदेश किसी जाति, धर्म, संप्रदाय, स्थान विशेष पर रहने वालों के लिए नहीं बल्कि संपूर्ण विश्व के लोगों के लिए होता है।

प्रश्न 2. आज विश्व में कहीं भी संवाद भेजने और पाने का एक बड़ा साधन इंटरनेट है। पक्षी और बादल की चिट्ठियों की तुलना इंटरनेट से करते हुए दस पंक्तियाँ लिखिए।
उत्तर :
पक्षी और बादल द्वारा लाई गई चिट्ठियों में भगवान द्वारा भेजा गया संदेश होता है, क्योंकि ये चिट्ठियाँ भगवान की होती हैं। इन चिट्ठियों को मनुष्य नहीं पढ़ पाता है। इनको प्रकृति के विभिन्न अंग पेड़, पौधे, पानी और पहाड़ पढ़ पाते हैं। इन चिट्ठियों में निहित संदेश किसी व्यक्ति या स्थान विशेष पर रहने वालों के लिए नहीं होता है। सामान्यतया इनमें विश्वबंधुत्व, प्रेम, सद्भाव तथा एकता का संदेश निहित होता है। इसके विपरीत इंटरनेट वर्तमान में प्रचलित संचार के साधनों में प्रमुख है। यह विज्ञान की अद्भुत खोज है। जिसकी मदद से संदेश भेजा तथा प्राप्त किया जा सकता है। इससे व्यक्ति अपने जान-पहचान वालों को जब चाहे, जहाँ चाहे संदेशों का आदान-प्रदान कर सकता है। ये संदेश नितांत निजी होते हैं, जिन्हें आसानी से पढ़ा जा सकता है। इससे संदेशों का आदान-प्रदान तुरंत हो जाता है।

प्रश्न 3. हमारे जीवन में डाकिए की भूमिका’ क्या है? इस विषय पर दस वाक्य लिखिए।
उत्तर :
डाकिया वह सरकारी कर्मचारी होता है जिसका हमारे जीवन से घनिष्ठ संबंध होता है। वह पत्र, मनीऑर्डर आदि हम तक पहुँचाता है, जिसका इंतजार हम सभी को होता है। डाकिए का महत्त्व आज के दौर में और भी बढ़ जाता है। जब संयुक्त परिवार टूट रहे हैं, और लोग अपनी रोटी-रोजी के लिए दूरदराज शहरों में बस रहे हैं। वह हमारे प्रियजनों, निकट संबंधियों की सभी खबरें लाता है जो कभी तो मनुष्य को खुशी से भर देती हैं तो कभी गम के सागर में डुबो देती हैं हमारी अर्थव्यवस्था में मनीऑर्डर के महत्त्व को ग्रामीण लोगों से बेहतर भला कौन समझ सकता है। दूरदराज तथा ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों में मनीऑर्डर हेतु डाकिए की राह देखी जाती है कि कब वह ‘देवदूत’ आए और घरों का चूल्हा जले। इसके अलावा वे अपनी अनेक आवश्यकताओं की पूर्ति के लिए भी डाकिए का इंतजार करते हैं। इस प्रकार हम कह सकते हैं कि डाकिए का हमारे जीवन में महत्त्वपूर्ण भूमिका है।

अनुमान और कल्पना

प्रश्न 1. डाकिया इंटरनेट के वर्ल्ड वाइड वेब (डब्ल्यू.डब्ल्यू.डब्ल्यू: www) तथा पक्षी और बादल-इस तीनों संदेश वाहकों के विषय में अपनी कल्पना से एक लेख तैयार कीजिए। ‘चिट्ठियों की अनूठी दुनिया’ पाठ का सहयोग ले सकते
उत्तर :
छात्र स्वयं करें।

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 6 भगवान के डाकिए help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 6 भगवान के डाकिए, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew (Poem) Chapter 6 The Duck and the Kangaroo are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 6 The Duck and the Kangaroo.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 8
Subject	English Honeydew (Poem)
Chapter	Chapter 6
Chapter Name	The Duck and the Kangaroo
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew (Poem) Chapter 6 The Duck and the Kangaroo

STANZAS FOR COMPREHENSION

I. Said the Duck to the Kangaroo,
‘Good gracious ! how you hop !
Over the fields and the water too,
As if you never would stop ! (Page 97)

हिंदी अनुवाद- बत्तख कंगारू से बोली कि कंगारू की कूद लगाने की क्षमता पर वह चकित है। यह पानी को भी ऐसे ही लांघ जाता है जैसे कि मैदानों को। कंगारू को फुदकते देखकर ऐसा लगता है मानो यह कभी रूकेगा ही नहीं।

Paraphrase. The Duck said to the Kangaroo that he was surprised at his capacity to hop. Kangaroo jumps as easily over the water as it does over the fields. Seeing, a Kangaroo hop, one feels that he would never stop.

Multiple Choice Questions
1. Who was it that couldn’t hop ?
(a) the Duck
(b) the Kangaroo
(c) the frog
(d) some other animal.

2. The phrase ‘Good gracious’ here, shows
(a) shock
(b) fear
(c) anger
(d) surprise.

3. The one which moves easily over the fields and water too’ is
(a) the Duck
(b) the Kangaroo
(c) the deer
(d) the lion.

4. The word ‘gracious’ means
(a) decent
(b) good-looking
(c) kind
(d) happy.

Answers
1. (a) the Duck
2. (d) surprise
3. (b) the Kangaroo
4. (c) kind

II. My life is a bore in this nasty pond,
And I long to go out in the world beyond !
I wish I could hop like you !
Said the Duck to the Kangaroo. (Page 97)

हिंदी अनुवाद- बत्तख ने कंगारू को कहा कि उसका (बत्तख का) जीवन उबाऊ है। उसे सारा समय तालाब के गंदे पानी में बिताना पड़ता है। बत्तख की इच्छा थी कि वह तालाब के बाहर के संसार की यात्रा करे। उसे बड़ी इच्छा थी कि वह कंगारू की तरह उछला करे।

Paraphrase. The Duck said to the Kangaroo that he led a dull life. He lived all the time in the dirty water of the pond. The Duck desired to travel to the world beyond that pond. He very much wished to hop like a Kangaroo.

Questions
1. Where does the Duck live ?
2. What does the Duck feel about his life?
3. What does the Duck want to do?

Answers
1. The Duck lives in a pond.
2. He (The Duck) feels that he is leading a very dull life in a nasty pond.
3. The Duck wants to hop like the Kangaroo.

III. Please give me a ride on your back !
Said the Duck to the Kangaroo.
‘I would sit quite still, and say nothing but “Quack,”
The whole of the long day through ! (Pages 97-98)

| हिंदी अनुवाद-बत्तख ने कंगारू से विनती की कि वह उसे अपनी पीठ पर सवार करके घुमाये ! उसने बिल्कुल निश्चल रहने का वचन दिया। वह टर्राने के अतिरिक्त कोई शब्द नहीं बोलेगा। इसी प्रकार वह पूरा, सारा दिन बिता देगा !

Paraphrase. The Duck requested the Kangaroo to give him a ride on his back. He promised to sit very quiet. He would say nothing but only quack. Thus, he would remain quite still all through the long day.

Multiple Choice Questions
1. The Duck desired to
(a) say ‘Quack’
(b) stay still
(c) ride on Kangaroo’s back
(d) say nothing.

2. Quack’ is a sound made by
(a) the Duck
(b) the Kangaroo
(c) a rider
(d) every animal.

3. It promised to sit still and be quiet because
(a) it pleased him
(b) it was his habit
(c) it was trying to persuade Kangaroo
(d) it had to go a long way.

4. The word ‘quite’ means the same as
(a) quiet
(b) silent
(c) noisy
(d) utterly.

Answers
1. (c) ride on Kangaroo’s back
2. (a) the duck
3. (c) it was trying to persuade Kangaroo
4. (d) utterly

IV. And we’d go to the Dee, and the Jelly Bo Lee,
Over the land, and over the sea ; —
Please take me on a ride ! O do !’
Said the Duck to the Kangaroo. (Page 98)

| हिंदी अनुवाद-बत्तख का इरादा डी और पहाड़ी-स्थल जेली बो ली पर जाने का था। वह पृथ्वी और समुद्र के ऊपर सैर करना चाहता था। वह कंगारू से बड़ी गर्मजोशी से कहता है कि वह उसकी विनती मानकर उसे सवारी दे।

Paraphrase. The Duck proposed to go to the Dee and to the mountain side called “Jelly Bo Lee’. He wanted to travel over the land and sea. He makes a fervent appeal to the Kangaroo to accede to his request and take him on a ride.

Questions
1. Who are ‘we’ in the first passage ?
2. What did the Duck want ?
3. Where did they want to go ?
4. What does the phrase ‘O do !’ indicate ?

Answers:
1. The word ‘we’ refers to the Duck and the Kangaroo.
2. The Duck wanted to ride on Kangaroo’s back and go about the world.
3. They wanted to travel everywhere-over the land and over the sea.
4. The phrase ‘O do !’ indicates the intense desire of the Duck to get the ride.

V. Said the Kangaroo to the Duck,
“This requires a little reflection ;
Perhaps on the whole it might bring me luck,
And there seems but one objection. (Page 98)

| हिंदी अनुवाद – कंगारू ने उत्तर दिया कि बत्तख के प्रस्ताव पर कुछ विचार करने की आवश्यकता थी। कुल मिलाकर शायद इस योजना से कंगारू का भी भाग्योदय हो जाए। पर फिर भी एक कठिनाई थी।

Paraphrase. The Kangaroo said that the Duck’s proposal needed some thought. Considering all aspects of it, the proposal might even be lucky for the Kangaroo. However, there was just one difficulty.

Multiple Choice Questions
1. “This’ in the passage refers to
(a) the Kangaroo
(b) the Duck
(c) the coming to Kangaroo
(d) the proposal of Duck.

2. What was expected to bring luck ?
(a) the Duck
(b) the Kangaroo
(c) the objection he is thinking of
(d) the travel with the Duck.

3. ‘Me’ refers to
(a) the Kangaroo
(b) the Duck
(c) the poet
(d) the objection.

4. ‘Reflection’ means the same as
(a) work
(b) thought
(c) action
(d) attention.

Answers
1. (d) the proposal of Duck
2. (d) the travel with the Duck
3. (a) the Kangaroo
4. (b) thought

VI. Which is, if you’ll let me speak so bold,
Your feet are unpleasantly wet and cold,
And would probably give me the roo
Matiz !’ said the Kangaroo. (Page 98)

हिंदी अनुवाद-कंगारू ने कहा कि अगर बत्तख उसे साफ-साफ बोलने की अनुमति दे तो बस एक ऐतराज (कठिनाई) है। वह यह कि बत्तख के पैर कंगारू के लिए कष्ट का कारण बनेंगे। वे बहुत गीले और ठंडे हैं। कंगारू के शरीर को जब वे छुएँगे तब उसे गठिया हो सकता है।

Paraphrase. The Kangaroo said that if the duck allowed him to speak frankly there was just one objection. It was that the Duck’s feet would cause the Kangaroo some discomfort. They were very wet and cold. Their touch on the Kangaroo’s body could cause him rheumatism.

Questions
1. What does the word ‘which’ refer to ?
2. What is Kangaroo’s fear?
3. What is roo-Matiz ?
4. Whose feet are these?

Answers
1. The word ‘which’ refers to the ‘objection’ raised by Kangaroo.
2. Kangaroo fears that he might suffer from rheumatism.
3. The word ‘roo-Matiz’ is actually ‘rheumatism’. It is a disease that makes the muscles and joints painful, stiff and swollen.
4. These are the feet of the Duck.

VII. Said the Duck, ‘As I sat on the rocks,
I have thought over that completely,
And I bought four pairs of worsted socks
Which fit my web-feet neatly. (Page 98)

हिंदी अनुवाद-बत्तख बोला कि वह इस समस्या के प्रति पहले से सजग था। चट्टान पर बैठे हुए उसने इस पर विचार किया। इस समस्या के निराकरण के लिए उसने चार जोड़े ऊनी जुराबें खरीद लिए हैं। ये जुराबें उसे बिलकुल फिट आते हैं।

Paraphrase. The Duck said that he was already aware of that problem. Sitting on the rock he had pondered over it. To overcome the problem, he had bought four pairs of worsted socks. These socks fitted him well.

Multiple Choice Questions
1. The Duck sat on the rock thinking
(a) about the ride
(b) about Kangaroo
(c) of the objection raised by Kangaroo
(d) how to get out of the pond.

2. The Duck bought the socks
(a) to comfort himself
(b) to make the feet look better
(c) to cause no trouble to Kangaroo
(d) to be fashionable.

3. Web-feet’ refers to the feet of
(a) the Duck
(b) the Kangaroo
(c) the poet
(d) the rocks.

4. The word ‘neatly’ means the same as
(a) well
(b) trimly
(c) badly
(d) beautifully.

Answers
1. (c) of the objection raised by Kangaroo
2. (c) to cause no trouble to Kangaroo
3. (a) the Duck
4. (b) trimly

VIII. And to keep out the cold I’ve bought a cloak,
And every day a cigar I’ll smoke,
All to follow my own dear true
Love of a ‘Kangaroo ! (Page 98)

हिंदी अनुवाद-बत्तख बोला कि उसने सर्दी से बचने के अन्य उपाय भी किए हैं। उसने एक लबादा खरीदा था। इसी कारण से उसने प्रतिदिन एक सिगार पीने का निश्चय भी किया था। यह सब उसने अपने सच्चे प्रिय कंगारू के साथ रहने के लिए ही किया था।

Paraphrase. The Duck said that he had taken other measures too, to keep out the cold. He had bought a cloak. He had also decided to smoke a cigar everyday for the same reason. He had done so much only for the sake of following his true beloved, the Kangaroo.

Questions
1. Who bought a cloak and why ?
2. Why did he smoke a cigar ?
3. What does the speaker really want to do?
4. Name the poet.

Answers
1. The Duck bought a cloak to keep away the cold.
2. He smoked a cigar also to keep the cold away.
3. The speaker really wants to travel around the world riding on the back of the Kangaroo.
4. The poet’s name is ‘Edward Lear’.

IX. Said the Kangaroo, ‘I’m ready!
All in the moonlight pale,
But to balance me well, dear Duck, sit steady!
And quite at the end of my tail ! (Page 98)

हिंदी अनुवाद – कंगारू ने बत्तख से कहा कि वह उसे सवार करने के लिए तैयार है। पीली चाँदनी में कंगारू ने अपने प्रिय मित्र बत्तख से कहा कि वह बिल्कुल स्थिर होकर बैठे। कंगारू अपना संतुलन रख सके, इसलिए ऐसा करना आवश्यक था। उसने उससे कहा कि वह (बत्तख) बिल्कुल पूँछ के किनारे पर ही बैठे।

Paraphrase. Kangaroo said to the Duck that he was ready to give him a ride. In the pale moonlight the Kangaroo asked his dear friend Duck to sit motionless. It was necessary for the Kangaroo to balance himself. He asked him to sit at the very end of his tail.

Multiple Choice Questions
1. Kangaroo was ready
(a) to marry the Duck
(b) to take the Duck for a ride
(c) to give the Duck a cloak
(d) to give the Duck a cigar.

2. It was a pale moonlight when
(a) the Kangaroo agreed
(b) the Kangaroo refused
(c) the Kangaroo prepared himself and the duck for a ride
(d) the Kangaroo and the Duck quarrelled with each other.

3. The Duck was asked to sit
(a) comfortably
(b) quietly
(c) noisily
(d) still

4. ‘Quite’ in the passage means
(a) exactly
(b) freely
(c) quietly
(d) comfortably

Answers
1. (b) to take the Duck for a ride
2. (c) the Kangaroo prepared himself and the duck for a ride
3. (d) still
4. (a) exactly

X. So away they went with a hop and a bound,
And they hopped the whole world three times round;
And who so happy, — O who,
As the Duck and the Kangaroo ? (Page 98)

हिंदी अनुवाद-इस प्रकार बत्तख और कंगारू उछलते-कूदते अपनी यात्रा पर निकल पड़े। उन्होंने तीन बार संसार का चक्कर लगाया। बत्तख और कंगारू से अधिक प्रसन्न कोई न था।

Paraphrase. Thus the Duck and the Kangaroo started their journey jumping and leaping. They travelled round the world thrice. There was no one happier than the Duck and the Kangaroo

Questions
1. Who went away?
2. What did they do?
3. Why did they have to hop ?
4. Find the phrase in the passage which means “jumping and leaping’.

Answers
1. The Duck and the Kangaroo went away.
2. They travelled three times around the world.
3. Kangaroos hop as they move and the Duck was on the Kangaroo’s back.
4. ‘a hop and a bound’.

TEXTUAL QUESTIONS

WORKING WITH THE POEM (Page 99)

Question. 1.
Taking words that come at the end of lines, write five pairs of rhyming words. Read each pair aloud
For example, pond—beyond

Answer:
(i) You—Kangaroo
(ii) back—Quack
(iii) Lee—sea
(iv) Duck—luck
(v) Reflection—objection

Question. 2.
Complete the dialogue.
Duck : Dear Kangaroo ! Why don’t you
___________
Kangaroo : With pleasure, my dear Duck,
though _________
Duck : That won’t be a problem. I will
___________

Answer:
Duck : Dear Kangaroo ! Why don’t you give me a ride on your back ?
Kangaroo : With pleasure, my dear Duck, though your cold and wet feet cause a problem.
Duck : That won’t be a problem, I will cover them with four pairs of worsted socks which fit my feet neatly.

Question. 3.
The Kangaroo does not want to catch ‘rheumatism’. Spot this word in stanza 3 and say why it is spelt differently. Why is it in two parts ? Why does the second part begin with a capital letter ?

Answer:
The words are : “… are unpleasantly wet and cold. And would probably give me the roo-Matiz. It is spelt differently because ‘roo’ reminds the readers of Kangaroos. So ‘roo-Matiz’ seems to be a disease concerned with the Kangaroos. It is interesting because the Kangaroos hop as if they could never suffer from rheumatism. For, if they did, they would not hop ?

Question. 4.
Do you find the poem humorous ? Read aloud lines that make you laugh.

Answer:
The poem is humorous. Look at the following lines :
“And everyday a cigar I’ll smoke,”
“But to balance me well, dear Duck, sit steady !
And quite at the end of my tail.”

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 6 The Duck and the Kangaroo help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 6 The Duck and the Kangaroo, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 8 On the Grasshopper and Cricket are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 8 On the Grasshopper and Cricket.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 8
Subject	English Honeydew(poem)
Chapter	Chapter 8
Chapter Name	On the Grasshopper and Cricket
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew (Poem) Chapter 8 On the Grasshopper and Cricket

IMPORTANT PASSAGES FOR COMPREHENSION

Read the following extracts and answer the questions that follow choosing the correct options among the given ones :

I Through the mist Bijju is calling to his sister. I can hear him running about on the hillside but I cannot see him. (Page 113)

Multiple Choice Questions
1. The scene being described here is
(a) the first day of monsoon
(b) the last day of monsoon
(c) an ordinary day on the hills
(d) a winter day.

2. The author cannot see Bijju because
(a) he is not in the line of his eyes
(b) it is misty
(c) it is night
(d) he is blind

3. The passage is written by
(a) Satyajit Ray
(b) Rabindranath Tagore
(c) Nathaniel Hawthorne Answers
(d) Ruskin Bond.

Answers:
1. (a) the first day of monsoon
2. (b) it is misty
3. (d) Ruskin Bond

II In the evening it attacked one of Bijju’s cows but fled at the approach of Bijju’s mother, who came screaming imprecations.
As for the leeches, I shall soon get used to a little bloodletting every day. (Page 114)

Questions
1. What does ‘it’ in the first line refer to ?
2. What causes the bloodletting ?
3. What did Bijju’s mother do ?
4. Find a word in the passage which means ‘curses’. Answers

Answers:
1. ‘It’ refers to the leopard.
2. The leeches cause the bloodletting.
3. Bijju’s mother chased the leopard away.
4. Imprecations.

III It is a good sound to read by—the rain outside, the quiet within—and, although tin roofs are given to springing unaccountable leaks, there is a feeling of being untouched leaks, there is a feeling of being untouched by, and yet in touch with, the rain. (page 115)

Multiple Choice Questions
1. Here, the author is praising
(a) tin roofs
(b) rain
(c) springing
(d) leaks.

2. The ‘good sound’ is produced by
(a) rain only
(b) tin roofs only
(c) rain and tin roofs
(d) rain and leaks.

3. The word ‘springing’ here means
(a) jumping
(b) creating
(c) a season
(d) finishing.

Answers
1. (a) tin roofs
2. (c) rain and tin roofs
3. (b) creating

IV The blackest cloud I’ve ever seen squatted over Mussoorie, and then it hailed marbles for half an hour. Nothing like a hailstorm to clear the sky. Even as I write, I see a rainbow forming. (Page 117)

Questions
1. What season is being described ?
2. What do the ‘marbles’ refer to ?
3. What does the author mean by ‘clear sky’ ?

Answers
1. Rainy season is being described here.
2. The marbles refer to ‘hails’.
3. A clear sky means ‘a sky free of clouds’.

TEXTUAL EXERCISES

COMPREHENSION CHECK (Page 115)
1. Why is the author not able to see Bijju ?
2. What are the two ways in which the hills appear to change when the mist comes up ?

Answers
1. The author is not able to see Bijju because of the mist. The mist has blocked the vision.
2. The mist covers the hills and all the atmosphere. So they cannot be seen. The second change is that the birds stop singing. This makes the hills suddenly silent.

COMPREHENSION CHECK (Page 117)
1. When does the monsoon season begin and when does it end ? How do you prepare to face the
monsoon ?
2. Which hill-station does the author describe in this diary entry ?
3. For how many days does it rain without stopping ? What does the author do on these days ?
4. Where do the snakes and rodents take shelter ? Why ?
5. What did the author receive in the mail ?

Answers
1. The monsoon generally begins in the end of June. It generally ends in the end of August or in the beginning of September. We buy raincoats or umbrellas to face the monsoon.
2. Mussoorie.
3. It has rained for eight or nine days without stopping. During these the author has been pacing the room or looking out of the window.
4. The snakes and rodents take shelter in roofs, attics and godowns. They do so because their holes are flooded with water. Out of the holes, these are the convenient places for them.
5. The author received a cheque in the mail.

WORKING WITH THE TEXT (Page 118)
Question 1.
Look carefully at the diary entries for June 24-25, August 2 and March 23. Now write down the changes that happen as the rains progress from June to March.

Answer:
Monsoon arrives on June 24. The first real monsoon shower comes on June 25. The whole nature welcomes it. The author feels the joy himself and in everything around him.
By August 2, the people become weary of the monsoon. It is so because the movement in the open has become difficult. There is no sunshine for more than a week.
March 23 heralds the end of winter. After a hailstorm, there is a rainbow in the sky. It shows the beauty of nature.

Question 2.
Why did the grandmother ask the children not to kill the Chuchundar ?

Answer:
Grandmother believed that Chuchundars are lucky. She thought that with them came money. So she asked the children not to kill it.

Question 3.
What signs do we find in Nature which show that the monsoons are about to end ?

Answer:
At the end of the monsoon, the lush monsoon growth reaches its peak. The seeds of the cobra lily turn red. These things show that the monsoons are about to end.

Question 4.
Complete the following sentences.
(i) Bijju is not seen but his voice is heard because …….. .
(ii) The writer describes the hill station and valley as …….. .
(iii) The leopard was successful in but had to flee when …….. .
(iv) The minivets are easily noticed because …….. .
(v) It looks like a fashion display on the slopes when ……. .
(vi) During the monsoon season, snakes and rodents are found in roofs and attics because ……. .

Answers:
(i) the mist obstructs the author’s vision.
(ii) ‘A paradise that might have been’.
(iii) killing a dog but had to flee when Bijju’s mother arrived crying curses.
(iv) of their bright colours.
(v) they are covered by a variety of flowers.
(vi) their holes are flooded with water and these things provide them convenient shelters.

Question 5.
‘Although tin roofs are given to springing unaccountable leaks, there is a feeling of being untouched by, and yet in touch with, the rain.’
(i) Why has the writer used the word, ‘springing* ?
(ii) How is the writer untouched by the rain ?
(iii) How is the writer in touch with the rain at the same time ?

Answer:
(i) The word ‘springing’ gives the idea of suddenness.
(ii) The author is untouched by the rain because he is in a room. The room pro-tects him from rain.
(iii) The writer hears the sound of rainfall on his tin-roof. So he is in touch with the rain.

Question 6.
Mention a few things that can happen when there is endless rain for days together.

Answer:
When there is endless rain for days together, the life becomes difficult. To go out becomes difficult. One gets bored living in the room all the time. Everything becomes damp and soggy. The washed clothes do not get dried. Constant rainfall is an invitation for many insects, rodents and snakes to enter the house.
It can also cause diseases. The sun is the source of life. If sunlight doesn’t reach people for a long time, they fall ill.

Question 7.
What is the significance of cobra lily in relation to the monsoon season, its beginning and end ?

Answer:
The first cobra lily is seen with the arrival of the monsoon. When its seeds begin to turn red, it is an indication that the rains are over.

WORKING WITH LANGUAGE (Page 118)
Question 1.
Here are some words that are associated with the monsoon. Add as many words as you can to this list. Can you find words for these in your languages ?

• downpour
• floods
• mist
• cloudy
• powercuts
• cold
• umbrella

Answers
rainwater, fog, overcast, damp, soggy, raincoat, darkness, leaks.
Hindi words for those given in the question are :
वर्ष्रा, बाढ़, कोहरा, बादलों से आच्छादित, बिजली – कटौती, सद्रू , छतरी .

Question 2.
Look at the sentences below.
(i) Bijju wandered into the garden in the evening.
(ii) The trees were ringing with birdsong.
Notice the highlighted verbs.

The verb wandered tells us what Bijju did that evening. But the verb was ringing tells us what was happening continually at same time in the past (the birds were chirping in the trees).

Now look at the sentences below. They tell us about something that happened in the past. They also tell us about other things that happened continually at the same time in the past.

Put the verbs in the brackets into their proper forms. The first one is done for you.
(i) We (get out) of the school bus. The bell (ring) and everyone (rush) to class.
We got out of the school bus. The bell was ringing and everyone was rushing to class.
(ii) The traffic (stop). Some people (sit) on the road and they (shout) slogans.
(iii) I (wear) my raincoat. It (rain) and people (get) wet.
(iv) She (see) a film. She (narrate) it to her friends who (listen) carefully.
(v) We (go) to the exhibition. Some people (buy) clothes while others (play) games.
(vi) The class (is) quiet. Some children (read) books and the rest (draw).

Answers:
(ii) The traffic stopped. Some people were sitting on the road and they were shouting slogans.
(iii) I was wearing my raincoat. It was raining and people were getting wet.
(iv) She had seen a film. She was narrating it to her friends who were listening carefully.
(v) We went to the exhibition. Some people were buying clothes while others were playing games.
(vi) The class was quiet. Some children were reading books and the rest were drawing.

Question 3.
Here are some words from the lesson which describe different kinds of sounds.

• drum
• swish
• tinkle
• caw
• drip

(i) Match these words with their correct meanings.
(a) to fall in small drops
(b) to make a sound by hitting a surface repeatedly
(c) to move quickly through the air, making a soft sound
(d) harsh sound made by birds
(e) ringing sound (of a bell or breaking glass, etc.)

(ii) Now fill in the blanks using the correct form of the words given above.
(a) Ramesh ……. on his desk in impatience.
(b) Rain water ……. from the umbrella all over the carpet.
(c) The ……… pony its tail.
(d) The ……… of breaking glass woke me up.
(e) The …….. of the raven disturbed the child’s sleep.

Answers
(i) (a) → drip
(b) → drum
(c) → swish
(d) → caw
(e) → tinkle

(ii) (a) Ramesh drummed on his desk in impatience.
(b) Rain water dripped from the umbrella all over the carpet.
(c) The pony swished its tail.
(d) The tinkle of the breaking glass woke me up.
(e) The caw of the raven disturbed the child’s sleep.

Question 4.
And sure enough, I received a cheque in the mail.
Complete each sentence below by using appropriate phrase from the ones given below.

• sure enough
• colourful enough
• serious enough
• kind enough
• big enough
• fair enough
• brave enough
• foolish enough
• anxious enough

(i) I saw thick black clouds in the sky. And ……… it soon raining heavily.
(ii) The blue umbrella was ……… for the brother and sister.
(iii) The butterflies are …….. to get noticed.
(iv) The lady was ……….to chance the leopard
(v) The boy was ………. to call out to his sister.
(vi) The man was ………. to offer help.
(vii) The victim’s injury was ………. for him to get admitted in hospital.
(viii) That person was ………. to repeat the same mistake again.
(ix) He told me he was sorry and he would compensate for the loss. I said, ……… .

Answers:
(i) sure enough
(ii) big enough
(iii) colourful enough
(iv) brave enough
(v) anxious enough
(vi) kind enough
(vii) serious enough
(viii) foolish enough
(ix) “Fair enough”

SPEAKING (Page 120)
Question 1.
Do you believe in superstitions ? Why, or why not ? Working with your partner, write down three superstitious beliefs that you are familiar with.

Answer:
No. I don’t believe in superstitions. However there is one snag in this statement. One man’s belief may be superstitious to the other and vice versa.
Three common superstitions are :

• No. 13 is ominous
• Stop if a black cat crosses your path.
• Do not sleep with your feet pointing towards south.

Question 2.
How many different kinds of birds do you come across in the lesson ? How many varieties do you see in your neighbourhood ? Are there any birds that you used to see earlier in your neighbourhood but not now ? In groups discuss why you think this is happening.

Answer:
We come across five kinds of birds in this lesson. These are: minivets, drongos, crow, whistling thrush and ‘shrew’. We do not see many varieties in our neighbourhood. There are two birds which used to be seen in our neighbourhood but have now disap-peared. These are peacocks and vultures. Poaching, felling of trees and pollution of the environment are three important reasons for its happening.

WRITING (Page 121)
Question 1.
The monsoons are a time of great fun and even a few adventures: playing in the rain and getting wet, wading through knee-deep water on your way to school, water flooding the house or the classroom, powercuts and so on.
Write a paragraph describing an incident that occurred during the rains which you can never forget.
Or
Write a poem of your own about the season of spring when trees are in full bloom.

Answers
A rainy day in summer is a great blessing. Last Friday, I had not yet left for school, when it began to rain. It rained heavily. Going to school was out of question. So I placed my books on the table and stood near the window. Water had collected everywhere. People were wading through water with raincoats on. Some had umbrellas in their hands. But these gave them little shelter. Children absented themselves from schools. They played in rain-water and cared little for their mothers who got angry. The roads became slippery. Some persons who slipped on the road, spoiled their clothes. The children had a hearty laugh.
Or
Spring is the season of joy
When Nature becomes a toy.
The trees are in full bloom
Some flowers are in my room.
In spring comes Holi
Let’s play with colour and roli.
There is summer in the air
How lovely the birds and hare !

Spring is the season of joy
When Nature becomes a toy
The trees are in full bloom
I have roses in my room.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 8 On the Grasshopper and Cricket help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 8 On the Grasshopper and Cricket, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 5 चिट्ठियों की अनूठी दुनिया are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 5 चिट्ठियों की अनूठी दुनिया.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 8
Subject	Hindi Vasant
Chapter	Chapter 5
Chapter Name	चिट्ठियों की अनूठी दुनिया
Number of Questions Solved	15
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 5 चिट्ठियों की अनूठी दुनिया

प्रश्न-अभ्यास
(पाठ्यपुस्तक से)

पाठ से

प्रश्न 1. पत्र जैसा संतोष फोन या एसएमएस का संदेश क्यों नहीं दे सकता ?
उत्तर :
पत्र जैसा संतोष फोन या एसएमएस का संदेश नहीं दे सकता है क्योंकि
(क) पत्रों का आकार बड़ा तथा उनका अस्तित्व स्थाई होता है, जिन्हें भविष्य के लिए संभालकर रखा जा सकता है
(ख) पत्रों में आत्मीयता, प्रेम तथा गहरा लगाव समायी रहता है
(ग) पत्रों को संग्रहित कर पुस्तक का आकार दिया जा सकता है जबकि एसएमएस को नहीं
(घ) पत्र संदेश भेजने का सस्ता साधन है जबकि एसएमएस महँगा साधन है
(ङ) पत्र पाने वाले के पास कोई साधन होना आवश्यक नहीं है पर एसएमएस पाने के लिए मोबाइल फोन होना आवश्यक होता है

प्रश्न 2. पत्र को खत, कागद, उत्तरम्, जाबू, लेख, कडिद, पाती, चिट्ठी इत्यादि कहा जाता हैइन शब्दों से संबंधित भाषाओं के नाम बताइए
उत्तर :
पत्र को विभिन्न भाषाओं में भिन्न-भिन्न नामों से जाना जाता है, जो निम्नलिखित

पत्र के विभिन्न नाम           भाषा
पत्र                                 संस्कृत
कागद                             कन्नड़
कडिद                             तमिल
खत                                  उर्दू
उत्तरम्, जाबू, लेख              तेलुगु

प्रश्न 3. पत्र-लेखन की कला के विकास के लिए क्या-क्या प्रयास हुए ? लिखिए
उत्तर :
पत्र-लेखन की कला का विकास हो इसके लिए स्कूली पाठ्यक्रम में पत्र लेखन को विषय के रूप में शामिल किया गयाभारत के अलावा अन्य देशों तथा विश्व डाक संघ की ओर से पत्र-लेखन को बढ़ावा दिया गयाइसके अलावा विश्व डाक संघ ने 1972 से 16 वर्ष से कम आयु के बच्चों के लिए पत्र-लेखन प्रतियोगिताएँ आयोजित करने का कार्यक्रम शुरू किया

प्रश्न 4. पत्र धरोहर हो सकते हैं लेकिन एसएमएस क्यों नहीं ? तर्क सहित अपना विचार लिखिए
उत्तर :
पत्र लिखित रूप में होते हैंइन्हें भविष्य के लिए सँभालकर रखा जा सकता हैउपयोगी एवं शिक्षाप्रद पत्रों को पुस्तक के रूप में रखा जा सकता हैमहान हस्तियों के पत्र संग्रहालय एवं पुस्तकालयों से प्राप्त किया जा सकता हैएसएमएस संक्षिप्त तथा मोबाइल फोन पर होते हैंउन्हें सहेजकर भविष्य के लिए रखना संभव नहीं है

प्रश्न 5. क्या चिट्ठियों की जगह कभी फैक्स, ई-मेल, टेलीफोन तथा मोबाइल ले सकते हैं ?
उत्तर :
संचार के बढ़ते साधनों-फैक्स, ई-मेल, टेलीफोन तथा मोबाइल आदि का प्रचार-प्रसार तथा लोकप्रियता बढ़ती जा रही हैलोग अपनी सुविधानुसार उनका प्रयोग भी करते हैं और इनसे पत्रों की संख्या में कमी आई है पर ये साधन पत्र का स्थान कभी भी नहीं ले सकते हैंव्यापारिक तथा विभागीय कार्यों को पत्रों के माध्यम से किया जाता था, किया जाता है और किया जाता रहेगाइसके अलावा पत्रों से जो आत्मीयता, प्रेम तथा लगाव मिल जाता हैवह संचार के इन साधनों द्वारा नहीं मिल सकती है।

पाठ से आगे

प्रश्न 1. किसी के लिए बिना टिकट सादे लिफाफे पर सही पता लिखकर पत्र बेरंग भेजने पर कौन-सी कठिनाई आ सकती है? पता कीजिए
उत्तर :
बिना टिकट के यदि पत्र भेज दिया जाए तो निम्नलिखित कठिनाइयाँ आ सकती हैं
(क) संभवत: पत्र गंतव्य तक पहुचे ही न।
(ख) प्राप्तकर्ता को निश्चित टिकट के मूल्य का दूना दाम चुकाना पड़ सकता है
(ग) प्राप्तकर्ता के पास उस समय पैसे न होने पर अनावश्यक परेशानी का सामना करना पड़ सकता है
(घ) पत्र के लिए उचित राशि न दिए जाने पर पत्र वापस आ सकता है और हमारा संदेश बिना पहुँचे रह जाएगा

प्रश्न 2. पिन कोड भी संख्याओं में लिखा गया एक पता है, कैसे?
उत्तर :
सुनने में संक्षिप्त-सा लगने वाला पिन कोड शब्द का पूरा नाम ‘पोस्टल इन्डेक्स नंबर’ हैयह छ: अंकों का होता हैइसके हर अंक अपने में कुछन-कुछ छिपाए हुए हैंइसका पहला अंक राज्य को, अगले दो अंक उपक्षेत्र को तथा अंतिम तीन अंक संबंधित डाकघर को सूचित करते हैं इस आधार पर कह सकते हैं कि पिन कोड संख्याओं के रूप में लिखा गया एक पता ही होता है।

प्रश्न 3. ऐसा क्यों होता था कि महात्मा गांधी को दुनिया भर से पत्र ‘महात्मा गांधी इंडिया’ पता लिखकर आते थे ?
उत्तर :
महात्मा गांधी भारत में ही नहीं, विश्व के चर्चित व्यक्ति थेहालाँकि भारत में वे सर्वाधिक लोकप्रिय थेवे देश में कहाँ होते थे, लोगों को पता होता थावास्तव में वे कहीं भी रहें, पत्र उन तक पहुँचा दिया जाता था और उन्हें मिल जाता था वे किसी एक परिवार या स्थान के न होकर पूरे भारत के प्रतिनिधि थे, इसलिए महात्मा गांधी-इंडिया पता लिखकर उन्हें पत्र भेजा जाता था

अनुमान और कल्पना

प्रश्न 1. रामधारी सिंह ‘दिनकर’ की कविता ‘ भगवान के डाकिए’ आपकी पाठ्यपुस्तक में हैउसके आधार पर पक्षी और बादल को डाकिए की भाँति मानकर अपनी कल्पना से लेख लिखिए
उत्तर :
मनुष्य जिज्ञासु प्राणी हैवह अपनों के बारे में जानने को इच्छुक रहता हैउसकी इसी इच्छा के फलस्वरूप शायद पत्र अस्तित्व में आए होंगेपत्रों के आदान-प्रदान का यह सिलसिला कबूतरों से शुरू होकर आज मोबाइल, फैक्स तथा ई-मेल तक पहुँच गया हैयद्यपि संचार के इन आधुनिकतम साधनों ने पत्रों की आवाजाही को प्रभावित भी किया है, परंतु इन सबके बाद भी पत्र अपना अस्तित्व बनाए हुए है और वह लोकप्रिय भी हैग्रामीणजीवन में पत्रों की गहरी पैठ हैवहाँ की अनेक क्रियाएँ डाक विभाग की मदद से ही चलती हैंवहाँ डाकिए को देवदूत के रूप में देखा जाता हैइसी प्रकार पक्षी और बादल भी डाकिए हैं, पर ये भगवान के डाकिए हैंये भगवान के संदेश को हम तक पहुँचाते हैंइन प्राकृतिक डाकियों की लाई चिट्ठियों को हम भले न पढ़ पाएँ पर उनमें प्रेम, सद्भाव और विश्वबंधुत्व का संदेश छिपा होता हैये प्राकृतिक डाकिए किसी स्थान विशेष की सीमा में बँधकर काम नहीं करते हैंये डाकिए लोगों के साथ कोई भेदभाव नहीं करते हैं और सबको समान रूप से लाभान्वित करते हैं

प्रश्न 2. संस्कृत साहित्य के महाकवि कालिदास ने बादल को संदेशवाहक बनाकर ‘मेघदूत’ नाम का काव्य लिखा है’मेघदूत’ के विषय में जानकारी प्राप्त कीजिए
उत्तर :
मेघदूत विश्व प्रसिद्ध कवि एवं नाटककार कालिदास की रचना हैयह काव्य संस्कृत भाषा में रचित हैइसका कथ्य इस प्रकार हैकुबेर अलकापुरी नरेश थे, जिनके दरबार में अनेक यक्ष रहते थेये यक्ष कुबेर की सेवा किया करते थेइन्हीं यक्षों में एक यक्ष की नई-नई शादी हुई थीवह अपनी पत्नी को बहुत चाहता थावह अपनी नवविवाहिता पत्नी की यादों में खोया रहता तथा राजदरबार के कार्य में प्रमाद दिखाता थाकुबेर को यह अच्छा नहीं लगा और उन्होंने उसे अपनी नवविवाहिता पत्नी से अलग रामगिरि पर्वत पर रहने का श्राप दे दियाश्रापित यक्ष रामगिरि पर्वत पर रहने लगासमय बीतने के साथ ही वर्षा ऋतु का आगमन हुआ और आकाश में उमड़ते, घुमड़ते काले बादलों को देखकर यक्ष अपनी पत्नी के विरह से विकल हो उठता हैवह जड़-चेतन का भेद भूलकर इन्हीं काले बादलों अर्थात् मेघ को दूत बनाकर अपनी पत्नी के पास भेजता हैवह मेघ को रास्ता, रास्ते में पड़ने वाले विशिष्ट स्थान तथा मार्ग में आने वाली कठिनाइयों को समझाता हैकुबेर से यक्ष की विरह व्यथा नहीं देखी जाती हैवह यक्ष को श्रापमुक्त कर देते हैंयक्ष खुशी-खुशी अपनी पत्नी के साथ अलकापुरी में रहने लगाइसी कथा का ‘मेघदूत’ नामक काव्य में सुंदर वर्णन है।

प्रश्न 3. पक्षी को संदेशवाहक बनाकर अनेक कविताएँ एवं गीत लिखे गए हैंएक गीत है-‘जा-जा रे कागा विदेशवा, मेरे पिया से कहियो संदेशवा’इस तरह के तीन गीतों का संग्रह कीजिएप्रशिक्षित पक्षी के गले में पत्र बाँधकर निर्धारित स्थान तक पत्र भेजने का उल्लेख मिलता हैमान लीजिए आपको एक पक्षी को संदेशवाहक बनाकर पत्र भेजना हो तो आप वह पत्र किसे भेजना चाहेंगे और उसमें क्या लिखना चाहेंगे
उत्तर :
प्रश्न के आधार पर तीन गीतों का संग्रह

• जारे कारे बदरा, बलमू के पास, वो हैं ऐसे बुद्धू न समझे ये प्यार
• कबूतर जा, जा, जा पहले प्यार की पहली चिट्ठी साजन को दे आ
• उड़ जा काले कागा, तेरे मुँह बिच खंड पावा

यदि मुझे किसी पक्षी को संदेशवाहक बनाकर पत्र भेजना पड़े तो मैं यह पत्र ‘ईश्वर’ को भेजना चाहँगाइस पत्र में मैं लिखेंगा कि हे ईश्वर लोगों को ऐसी सुबुधि प्रदान करें; जिससे सर्वत्र प्रेम, सद्भाव, त्याग जैसे मानवीय गुणों का विकास हो तथा घृणा, छुआछूत, ऊँच-नीच आदि की भावना समाप्त हो जाए

प्रश्न 4. केवल पढ़ने के लिए दी गई रामदरश मिश्र की कविता ‘चिट्ठियाँ’ को ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़िए और विचार कीजिए कि क्या यह कविता केवल लेटर बॉक्स में पड़ी निर्धारित पते पर जाने के लिए तैयार चिट्ठियों के बारे में है ? या रेल के डिब्बे में बैठी सवारी भी उन्हीं चिट्ठियों की तरह हैं जिनके पास उनके गंतव्य तक का टिकट हैपत्र के पते की तरह और क्या विद्यालय भी एक लेटर बाक्स की भाँति नहीं है जहाँ से उत्तीर्ण होकर विद्यार्थी अनेक क्षेत्रों में चले जाते हैं ? अपनी कल्पना को पंख लगाइए और मुक्त मन से इस विषय में विचार-विमर्श कीजिए
उत्तर :
इस विषय पर छात्र स्वयं विचार-विमर्श करें

भाषा की बात

प्रश्न 1. किसी प्रयोजन विशेष से संबंधित शब्दों के साथ पत्र शब्द जोड़ने से कुछ नए शब्द बनते हैं, जैसे-प्रशस्ति पत्र, समाचार पत्र आप भ पत्र के योग से बननेवाले दस शब्द लिखिए
उत्तर :
पत्र जोड़ने से बनने वाले दस शब्द निम्नलिखित हैं

• प्रमाण पत्र
• संधि पत्र
• मान पत्र
• प्रेम पत्र
• प्रार्थना पत्र
• आवेदन पत्र
• बधाई पत्र
• त्याग पत्र
• निमंत्रण पत्र
• शिकायती पत्र

प्रश्न 2. व्यापारिक’ शब्द व्यापार के साथ ‘इक’ प्रत्यय के योग से बना हैइक प्रत्यय के योग से बननेवाले शब्दों को अपनी पाठ्यपुस्तक से खोजकर लिखिए
उत्तर :
पाठ्यपुस्तक से खोजे गए ‘इक’ प्रत्यय युक्त शब्द


प्रश्न 3. दो स्वरों के मेल से होनेवाले परिवर्तन को स्वर संधि कहते हैं, जैसे-रवीन्द्र = रवि + इन्द्र। इस संधि में इ + इ = ई हुआ है। इसे दीर्घ संधि कहते हैं। दीर्घ स्वर संधि के और उदाहरण खोजकर लिखिए। मुख्य रूप से स्वर संधियाँ चार प्रकार की मानी गई हैं-दीर्घ, गुण, वृधि और यण।। ह्रस्व या दीर्घ अ, इ, उ के बाद ह्रस्व या दीर्घ अ, इ, उ, आ आए तो ये आपस में मिलकर क्रमशः दीर्घ आ, ई, ऊ हो जाते हैं, इसी कारण इस संधि को दीर्घ संधि कहते हैं; जैसे-संग्रह + आलय = संग्रहालय, महा + आत्मा = महात्मा।
इस प्रकार के कम-से-कम दो उदाहरण खोजकर लिखिए और अपनी शिक्षिका शिक्षक को दिखाइए।
उत्तर :
संधि के चार प्रकार और उनके उदाहरण

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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Chapter 2 The Tsunami are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Chapter 2 The Tsunami.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 8
Subject	English
Chapter	Chapter 2
Chapter Name	The Tsunami
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Chapter 2 The Tsunami

IMPORTANT PASSAGES FOR COMPREHENSION

Read the following extracts and answer the questions that follow choosing the correct options from, among the given ones :

I. In the chaos and confusion, two of his children caught hold of the hands of their mother’s father and mother’s brother, and rushed in the opposite direction. He never saw them again. His wife was also swept away. Only the three other children who came with him were saved. – (Page 25)

Multiple Choice Questions
1. These lines have been taken from the lesson named
(a) Tsunami
(b) The best Christmas present in the world
(c) The Summit Within
(d) This is Jody’s Fawn.

2. Whose children were they
(a) Javed’s
(b) Ignesious
(c) Sanjeev’s
(d) Almas’s.

3. They ran in the opposite direction because of
(a) chaos
(b) Tsunami
(c) confusion
(d) his parents.

Answers
1. (a) Tsunami
2. (b) Ignesious’
3. (c) confusion

II. Almas Javed was ten years old. She was a student of Carmel Convent in Port Blair where her father had a petrol pump. Her mother Rahila’s home was in Nancowry island. The family had gone there to celebrate Christmas. (Page 26)

Questions
1. Who was Almas Javed ?
2. What was his father ?
3. Where had Javed’s family gone and why ?

Answers
1. Almas Javed was a ten year old student of Carmel Convent in Port Blair.
2. Javed’s father owned a petrol pump.
3. Javed’s family had gone to Andaman and Nicobar to celebrate Christmas.

III. “The water was swelling and kept coming in,” Penny Smith remembered. “The beach was getting smaller and smaller. I didn’t know what was happening.” (Page 27)

Multiple Choice Questions
1. The water referred to in the above lines is
(a) the boiling water in a pot
(b) the water of a river
(c) the sea water
(d) none of the above.

2. Penny Smith was
(a) an iron-smith
(b) Tilly’s mother
(c) a teacher
(d) an American woman.

3. Penny is describing a scene from
(a) India
(b) England
(c) America
(d) Thailand.

Answers
1. (c) the sea water
2. (b) Tilly’s mother
3. (d) Thailand.

IV. The family took refuge in the third floor of the hotel. The building withstood the surge of three tsunami waves. If they had stayed on the beach, they would not have been alive. (Page 28)

Questions
1. Which family is being talked of here ?
2. What was threatening their lives ?
3. Where were they before coming to this building ?

Answers
1. It was a family of Smiths.
2. Tsunami was threatening their lives.
3. They were at the sea-beach.

V. Many people believe that animals possess a sixth sense and know when the earth is going to shake. Some experts believe that animals’ more acute hearing helps them to hear or feel the earth’s vibration. They can sense an approaching disaster long before humans realise what’s going on. (Page 29)

Multiple Choice Questions
1. How many senses do the humans have ?
(a) seven
(b) eight
(c) four
(d) five.

2. Animals’ sense of hearing—as compared to human beings—is
(a) better
(b) worse
(c) same
(d) negligible.

3. The word ‘acute’ in the passage means
(a)sharp
(b) small
(c) good
(d) bad.

Answers
1. (d) five
2. (a) better
3. (a) sharp

TEXTUAL EXERCISES

BEFORE YOU READ (Page 24)
Look at the map of the Andaman and Nicobar islands given here.

Now read the sentences below. Rewrite the incorrect ones after correcting the mistakes.
1. Katchall is an island
2. It is part of the Andaman group of islands.
3. Nancowry is an island in the Nicobar group.
4. Katchall and Nancowry are more than a hundred miles apart. (Hint: the scale of the map is given.)
5. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are to the west of India.
6. The Nicobar islands are to the north of the Andaman Islands.

Answers
1. It is correct statement.
2. It is part of Nicobar group of islands.
3. It is correct statement.
4. Katchall and Nancowry are less than a hundred miles apart.
5. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are to the east of India.
6. The Nicobar Islands are to the south of the Andaman Islands.

COMPREHENSION CHECK (Page 27)
Say whether the following are True or False.
1. Ignesious lost his wife, two children, his father-in-law, and his brother-in-law in the tsunami.
2. Sanjeev made it to safety after the tsunami.
3. Meghna was saved by a relief helicopter.
4. Almas’s father realised that a tsunami was going to hit the island.
5. Her mother and aunts were washed away with the tree that they were holding on to.

Answers
1. True
2. False
3. False
4. True
5. True

COMPREHENSION CHECK (Pages 28-29)
Answer the following in a phrase or sentence.
1. Why did Tilly’s family come to Thailand ?
2. What were the warning signs that both Tilly and her mother saw ?
3. Do you think Tilly’s mother was alarmed by them ?
4. Where had Tilly seen the sea behaving in the same strange fashion ?
5. Where did the Smith family and the others on the beach go to escape from the tsunami ?
6. How do you think her geography teacher felt when he heard about what Tilly had done in Phuket ?

Answers
1. Tilly’s family came to Thailand to celebrate Christmas.
2. Both of them saw the sea rise and start to foam, bubble and form whirlpools.
3. No, Tilly’s mother was not alarmed by them.
4. In the video which her geography teacher had shown to the class.
5. They went to the third floor of the hotel to escape from the tsunami.
6. The geography teacher must have felt very pleased and satisfied.

COMPREHENSION CHECK (Page 30)
Answer using a phrase or a sentence.
1. In the tsunami 1,50,000 people died. How many animals died ?
2. How many people and animals died in Yala National Park ?
3. What do people say about the elephants of Yala National Park ?
4. What did the dogs in Galle do ?

Answers
1. Only a few.
2. 60 people and two animals.
3. They say that they saw them running from the beach. The elephants had sensed it an hour before the tsunami hit the coast.
4. They refused to go to the beach for their daily runs.

WORKING WITH THE TEXT (Page 30)
Discuss the following questions in class. Then write your own answers.

Question. 1.
When he felt the earthquake, do you think Ignesious immediately worried about a tsunami ? Give reasons for your answer. Which sentence in the text tells you that the Ignesious family did not have any time to discuss and plan their course of action after the tsunami struck ?

Answer:
No. When he felt the earthquake, Ignesious did not think about the tsunami. He thought only of the tremors. That was why he took his television off the table and put it on the ground. Ignesious family did not have any time to discuss and plan their course of action. That was why, there was only chaos and confusion. The following sentence tells it clearly.

“In the chaos and confusion, two of his children caught hold of the hands of their mother’s father and mother’s brother and rushed in the opposite directions.” (Page 14)

Question. 2.
Which words in the list below describe Sanjeev, in your opinion ?
(Look up the dictionary for words that you are not sure of.)

Use words from the list to complete the three sentences below.
(i) I don’t know if Sanjeev was cheerful,___or___
(ii) I think that he was very brave,__and___.
(iii) Sanjeev was not heartless,___or___.

Answer:
The words ‘brave’, ‘heroic’ and ‘selfless’ describe Sanjeev, as I feel.
(i) ambitious or brash
(ii) heroic and selfless
(iii) careless or humorous

Question. 3.
How are Meghna and Almas’s stories similar ?

Answer:
Meghna and Almas were both lucky survivors. Meghna was swept away with her parents and seventy seven other people. All but Meghna died. She floated on a wooden door for two days. Relief helicopters did not see her but a wave brought her back to the shore.

Similarly, all the members of the family of Almas Javed were swept away by the tsunami. She climbed a log of wood. She fainted but remained on it for a long time. She was ultimately saved.

Question. 4.
What are the different ways in which Tilly’s parents could have reacted to her behaviour ? What would you have done if you were in their place ?

Answer:
Instead of heeding to Tilly as they did, Tilly’s parents could have ignored her. Alternatively they could have scolded her and asked her to behave. In either case, they would have all died.

There is no doubt that they made the best move. In their place, I am afraid, I might not have been so wise. I might have asked her not to be panicky or make a scene.

Question. 5.
If Tilly’s award was to be shared, who do you think she should share it with—her parents or her geography teacher ?

Answer:
Tilly’s award should be shared with her geography teacher. It was because of him that Tilly could see the coming tsunami before anyone else.

Question. 6.
What are the two different ideas about why so few animals were killed in the tsunami ? Which idea do you find more believable ?

Answer:
The first idea is that the animals have a sixth sense. They know when the earth is going to shake. The second idea is that the animals have a more acute sense of hearing. This helps them to hear or feel the earth’s vibration. In this way they sense the coming disaster much before the human beings. So they run away to safer places.

To me the first idea seems more believable. It is so because many animals get an idea of the coming rains. Now rain has nothing to do with the sense of hearing. So it is more sensible to think that nature has provided them some sixth sense. This helps them get over the crises.

WORKING WITH LANGUAGE (Page 31)

Question 1.
Go through Part-I carefully, and make a list of as many words as you can find that indicate movement of different kinds. (There is one word that occurs repeatedly—count how many times !) Put them into three categories.

• fast movement
• slow movement
• neither slow nor fast

Can you explain why there are many words in one column and not in the others ?

Answer

There are more words in column no. 1. The reason is the description of tsunami. Tsunami swept away everything very fast. The other word is ‘rushed’. The people who wanted to escape tsunami had to move very fast. So their movement is described by the word ‘rush’.

Question 2.
Fill in the blanks in the sentences below (the verbs given in brackets will give you a clue).
(i) The earth trembled, but not many people felt the___. (tremble)
(ii) When the zoo was flooded, there was a lot of___and many animals escaped into the countryside, (confuse)
(iii) We heard with__that the lion had been recaptured, (relieve)
(iv) The zookeeper was stuck in a tree and his___was filmed by the TV crew, (rescue)
( v ) There was much__in the village when the snake charmer came visiting, (excite)

Answer
(i) tremors
(ii) confusion
(iii) relief
(iv) rescue
(v) excitement

3. Study the sentences in the columns A and B.

Compare the sentences in A to the ones in B. Who is the ‘doer’ of the action in every case ? Is the ‘doer’ mentioned in A, or in B ?

Notice the verbs in A : ‘was swept away’, ‘was hit’, ‘were washed away’, ‘were found’. They are in the passive form. The sentences are in the Passive Voice. In these sentences, the focus is not on the person who does the action. ,

In B, the ‘doer’ of the action is named. The verbs are in the active form. The sentences are in the Active Voice.

• Say whether the following sentences are in the Active or the Passive voice. Write A or P after each sentence as shown in the first sentence.
  (i) Someone stole my bicycle. A
  (ii) The tyres were deflated by the traffic police. ___
  (iii) I found it last night in a ditch near my house.___
  (iv) It had been thrown there.___
  (v) My father gave it to the mechanic.___
  (vi) The mechanic repaired it for me.___

Answers
(ii) Passive Voice P
(iii) Active Voice A
(iv) Passive Voice P
(v) Active Voice A
(vi) Active Voice A

SPEAKING AND WRITING (Page 32)

Question 1.
Suppose you are one of the volunteers who went to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands for relief work after the Tsunami. You work in the relief camps, distributing food, water and medicine among the victims. You listen to the various stories of bravery of ordinary people even as they fight against odds to bring about some semblance of normalcy in their lives. You admire their grit and determination. Write a diary entry.
You may start in this way.
31 December, 2016
The killer Tsunami struck these islands five days ago. But the victims are being brought in even now. Each one has a story to tell…

Answer
… All of them rouse our pity. But a few inspire me too. There is an old woman of about 65. She has survived along with her 8 year-old granddaughter. The people in the camp suggest that the granddaughter be sent to an orphanage. The old lady refuses to listen. She says that she will not let her daughter go away from her. In fact she wants no charity. She is willing to do some useful work to help her granddaughter.

Question 2.
The story shows how a little girl saved the lives of many tourists when a tsunami struck the beach, thanks to the geography lesson that she had learnt at school. She remembered the visuals of a tsunami and warned her parents.

Do you remember any incident when something that you learnt in the classroom helped you in some way outside the classroom ?

Write your experiences in a paragraph of about 90-100 words or narrate it to the whole class like an anecdote.

Answer
The other day I was walking back from school. Suddenly my eyes fell on a cyclist. He seemed to be losing balance. Before I could think of helping him, he had somehow got down the cycle. However, he just left the cycle and lay on the side of the road. He was perspiring and breathing with difficulty. Soon a crowd gathered. I immediately remembered the lesson my biology teacher had taught me. I requested the people to stay away and sent one of them to call a doctor. In the meantime I fanned him to help him get a lot of fresh air. Then very tenderly, I massaged his heart. That was what my teacher had advised me to do. The man felt relief and was breathing easily when the doctor arrived.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Chapter 2 The Tsunami help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Chapter 2 The Tsunami, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 2 Geography Lesson are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew (Poem) Chapter 2 Geography Lesson.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 8
Subject	English Honeydew (Poem)
Chapter	Chapter 2
Chapter Name	Geography Lesson
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew (Poem) Chapter 2 Geography Lesson

STANZAS FOR COMPREHENSION

I. When the jet sprang into the sky,
it was clear why the city
had developed the way it had,
seeing it scaled six inches to the mile. (Page 34)

हिंदी अनुवाद- जब जेट प्लेन तेज़ी से आसमान में उठा, कवि ने अपने नीचे की ओर देखा। वह समझ गया कि नगर क्यों बेतरतीव ढंग से विकसित हुआ था। उसे शहर बहुत छोटा लग रहा था। एक मील छः इंच के बराबर नज़र आता था।

Paraphrase. When the jet rose fast into the sky, the poet saw below him. He could understand why the city had grown into haphazard way. He saw the city look small. A mile of the ground looked as small as six inches.

Multiple Choice Questions
1. The “jet’ in the passage refers to :
(a) jet black
(b) jet engine
(c) jet liner
(d) jet stream.

2. The poet realised why
(a) he was in the sky
(b) the city had developed
(c) there were new ways in the city
(d) the city had taken the shape it had.

3. The city appeared from the sky
(a) very big
(b) very small
(c) very wide
(d) very beautiful.

4. The word ‘scaled’ in the passage means :
(a) measured
(b) spotted
(c) climbed
(d) like a scale.

Answers
1. (c) jet liner
2. (d) the city had taken the shape it had
3. (b) very small
4. (a) measured

II. There seemed an inevitability
about what on ground had looked haphazard,
unplanned and without style
When the jet sprang into the sky. (Page 34)

Paraphrase. The jet went up into the sky. Looking below, one could see the inevitable way in which the city had developed. It certainly had a logic. On the earth it seemed ugly and without a method.

Questions
1. What did the poet see from the jet ?
2. What seemed inevitable ?
3. Why is logic not seen on the earth ?

Answers
1. From the jet the poet saw how his city had developed.
2. The way the city had developed seemed inevitable.
3. On the earth one cannot have the whole view. One can see only a part at a time. So the logic of geography is not seen on the earth.

III. When the jet reached ten thousand feet,
it was clear why the country
had cities where the rivers ran
and why the valleys were populated. (Page 34)

हिंदी अनुवाद-जेट-प्लेन आकाश में और ऊँचा दस हज़ार फीट तक गया। वहाँ से नीचे देश की ओर देखकर यह स्पष्ट रूप से समझा जा सकता था कि देश के नगर नदियों के किनारे क्यों विकसित हुए थे। ऐसा स्वाभाविक था क्योंकि मनुष्यों को जल की आवश्यकता होती है। उसी प्रकार उस ऊँचाई से कवि देख सका कि घाटियों में क्यों लोग बस गए थे।

Paraphrase. The jet plane went higher upto ten thousand feet in the sky. Looking below at the country, one could clearly see why the cities in the country had developed along the rivers. It was natural because people need water. In the same way from that height the poet could see why people had settled in valleys.

Multiple Choice Questions
1. From the height of ten thousand feet the poet was observing
(a) his city
(b) his country
(c) the earth
(d) the sky

2. The cities are developed
(a) in the open space
(b) on the hill-side
(c) by the river-side
(d) in the deserts.

3. The valleys are populated because
(a) the climate is good
(b) people love the hills
(c) the life is safe there
(d) the water is easily available.

4. The word ‘valley’ means the same as
(a) vale
(b) valet
(c) valour
(d) value.

Answers
1. (b) his country
2. (c) by the river-side
3. (d) the water is easily available
4. (a) vale

IV. The logic of geography,
that land and water attracted man
was clearly delineated
When the jet reached ten thousand feet. (Page 34)

हिंदी अनुवाद-जेट प्लेन में बैठकर 10 हजार फुट की ऊँचाई से कवि ने देश को देखा। उसे भूगोल के तर्क समझ आए। वह समझ गया कि लोग वहाँ जाकर बसे जहाँ भूमि और जल सहज उपलब्ध थे। यह पाठ स्पष्ट लिखा दिखाई देता था।

Paraphrase. From the height of ten thousand feet in the jet plane the poet observed the country. He understood the contentions of geography. It was that people settled where land and water were easily available. This lesson seemed clearly written.

Questions
1. What did the poet see from the height of ten thousand feet?
2. Where did man settle ?
3. Name the poet.
4. What does the word ‘delineated’ mean?

Answers
1. From the height of ten thousand feet man saw the logic of geography.
2. Man settled on the land which was close to the water.
3. The poet is “Zulfikar Ghose’.
4. The word ‘delineated’ means ‘drawn’.

V. When the jet rose six miles high,
it was clear the earth was round
and that it had more sea than land.
But it was difficult to understand (Pages 34–35)

हिंदी अनुवाद- कवि का जेट प्लेन आकाश में और ऊँचा उठा। यह ज़मीन से 6 मील ऊपर उठ गया। अब पृथ्वी गोल दिखाई देती थी जैसा कि उसने भूगोल में पढ़ा था। यह भी दिखाई दिया कि जल पृथ्वी के अधिक भाग को आच्छादित किए है। अतः समुद्र का क्षेत्रफल भूमि से अधिक था। पर कुछ ऐसा था जिसे वह समझ नहीं पाता था।

Paraphrase. The poet’s jet plane went higher into the sky. It rose six miles up the ground. Now the earth seemed round as he had learnt in geography. It was also shown that water covers the better part of the earth. So sea had an area larger than the land. However, there was something which he could not understand.

Multiple Choice Questions
1. The passage has been taken from :
(a) Geography Lesson
(b) The Ant and the Cricket
(c) The Last Bargains
(d) Macavity : The Mystery Cat.

2. From that height the poet saw that
(a) the earth is full of people
(b) the earth has hills and deserts
(c) the earth has much water
(d) the earth has much land.

3. From the height of the jet, the earth looked
(a) flat
(b) round
(c) rectangular
(d) triangular.

4. The noun form of ‘difficult is
(a) difference
(b) diffident
(c) diffract
(d) difficulty.

Answers
1. (a) Geography Lesson
2. (c) the earth has much water
3. (b) round
4. (d) difficulty

VI. that the men on the earth found
causes to hate each other, to build
walls across cities and to kill.
From that height, it was not clear why. (Page 35)

हिंदी अनुवाद-ऊपर आसमान में पहुँच कर कवि को भूगोल की बातें समझ आ गयीं। पर वह मानव की आपसी घृणा को नहीं समझ सका। वह नहीं समझ पाया कि क्यों उन्होंने एक-दूसरे से अलग रहने का निश्चय किया है। क्यों लोग एक-दूसरे को मारना चाहते हैं ? उस ऊँचाई पर यह एक ऐसी उलझन थी जिसे कवि सुलझा नहीं पाता था।

Paraphrase. From high in the sky, the poet understood logic of geography. However, he could not understand the logic of human hatred for each other. He could not understand why they have decided to live separately. Why are there walls across the cities ? Why do people want to kill each other ? It was one puzzle which the poet could not answer from that height.

Questions
1. What did the poet understand from ‘that height?
2. What did he not understand ?
3. What does the phrase ‘building walls’ mean?
4. Give the adjective form of ‘heighť.

Answers
1. From that height, the poet could understand how the cities developed.
2. The poet could not understand why people on the earth quarrelled. He could also not understand why they separate themselves from their fellow beings.
3. The phrase ‘building walls’ indicates man’s desire to segregate.
4. high.

TEXTUAL QUESTIONS

WORKING WITH THE POEM (Page 35)

Question. 1.
Find three or four phrases in stanzas one and two which are likely to occur in a geography lesson.

Answer:
The following phrases are likely to occur in a geography lesson :
(a) scaled six inches to the mile (stanza 1)
(b) why valleys were populated (stanza 2)
(c) land and water attracted man (stanza 2)
(d) clearly delineated (stanza 2)

Question. 2.
Seen from the window of an aeroplane, the city appears
(i) as haphazard as on ground.
(ii) as neat as a map.
(iii) as developed as necessary.
Mark the right answer.

Answer:
(iii) as developed as necessary

Question. 3.
Which of the following statements are examples of “the logic of geography.”
(i) There are cities where there are rivers.
(ii) Cities appear as they are not from six miles above the ground.
(iii) It is easy to understand why valleys are populated.
(iv) It is difficult to understand why humans hate and kill one another.
(v) The earth is round, and it has more sea than land.

Answer:
(i), (iii), and (v) are the correct statements.

Question. 4.
Mention two things that are
(i) clear from the height.
(ii) not clear from the height.

Answer:
(i) The earth is round and that it has more sea than land. These two things are clear from the height.
(ii) Men hate each other and build walls across the cities to kill each other. It is not clear why they do so.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 2 Geography Lesson help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 2 Geography Lesson, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 12 सुदामा चरित are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 12 सुदामा चरित.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 8
Subject	Hindi Vasant
Chapter	Chapter 12
Chapter Name	सुदामा चरित
Number of Questions Solved	14
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 12 सुदामा चरित

प्रश्न-अभ्यास
(पाठ्यपुस्तक से)

कविता से

प्रश्न 1. सुदामा की दीनदेशा देखकर श्रीकृष्ण की क्या मनोदशा हुई? अपने शब्दों में लिखिए
उत्तर :
सुदामा श्रीकृष्ण के गुरुभाई (सहपाठी) तथा बचपन के घनिष्ठ मित्र थेकालांतर में कृष्ण द्वारका के राजा बन गएअपने बचपन के मित्र को ऐसी दयनीय दशा में देखकर उनका मन करुणा से भर गया सुदामा के काँटों तथा बिवाइयाँ युक्त पैर देखकर कृष्ण बहुत दुखी हुए तथा वे रो पड़े

प्रश्न 2. “पानी परात को हाथ छयो नहिं, नैनन के जल सों पग धोए।” पंक्ति में वर्णित भाव का वर्णन अपने शब्दों में कीजिए
उत्तर :
इस पंक्ति में निहित भाव यह है कि कृष्ण अपने बचपन के मित्र की ऐसी दीन-हीन दशा देखकर बहुत दुखी हुएवे स्वयं राजा थे और उनका मित्र घोर गरीबी में जीवन जी रहा था कृष्ण एक सच्चे मित्र की तरह बहुत दुखी हुए और रो पड़ेउन्होंने उनके पैर धोने के लिए परात में पानी को छुआ तक नहीं और आँसुओं से ही पैर धो दिए

प्रश्न 3. चोरी की बान में हो जु प्रवीने।”
(क) उपर्युक्त पंक्ति कौन, किससे कह रहा है?
(ख) इस कथन की पृष्ठभूमि स्पष्ट कीजिए
(ग) इस उपालंभ (उलाहना) के पीछे कौन-सी पौराणिक कथा है?
उत्तर :
(क) ‘चोरी की बान में हौ जू प्रवीने’-यह श्रीकृष्ण अपने मित्र सुदामा से कह रहे हैं
(ख) पत्नी के बार-बार बलपूर्वक कहने के बाद सुदामा अपने मित्र के पास कुछ मदद पाने की आशा से गएजाते समय उनकी पत्नी ने थोड़े से चावल कृष्ण को देने के लिए दिएश्रीकृष्ण का राजसी ठाट-बाट देखकर सुदामा वह चावल देने की हिम्मत नहीं कर पा रहे थेवे उस चावल की पोटली को छिपाने का प्रयास कर रहे थे, तब कृष्ण ने उनसे कहा कि चोरी की आदत में आप बहुत चतुर हो
(ग) बचपन में श्रीकृष्ण और सुदामा ऋषि संदीपनि के आश्रम में शिक्षा प्राप्त किया करते थेउस समय गुरुकुल में शिक्षा ग्रहण करने के साथ विद्यार्थियों को ही सारे काम अपने हाथों से करने पड़ते थेजैसे-गायों का देखभाल करना, भिक्षाटन करना, आश्रम की सफाई, लकड़ियाँ लाना, गुरु की सेवा आदिएक दिन जब आश्रम में खाना बनाने की लकड़ियाँ खत्म हो गईं तो गुरुमातु ने श्रीकृष्ण और सुदामा को लकड़ियाँ लाने जंगल में भेज दिया और रास्ते में खाने के लिए कुछ चने भी दे दिएसंयोग की बात जब कृष्ण पेड़ पर लकड़ियाँ तोड़ रहे थे और सुदामा उन्हें नीचे इकट्ठी कर रहे थे तभी जोरदार वर्षा शुरू हो गईहवा चलने लगीकृष्ण पेड़ की डाल पर ऊपर ही बैठ गएऐसे में सुदामा गुरुमातु द्वारा दिए गए चने निकालकर चबाने लगेचने की आवाज सुनकर कृष्ण ने उनसे पूछा, “सुदामा क्या खा रहे हो”? सुदामा ने उत्तर दिया ‘‘कुछ भी नहीं खा रहा हूँसर्दी के कारण मेरे दाँत किटकिटा रहे हैं।” इस तरह सुदामा से चोरी करके श्रीकृष्ण ने चने खाए थेउसी घटना को याद करके श्रीकृष्ण ने उक्त पंक्ति कही थी

प्रश्न 4. द्वारका से खाली हाथ लौटते समय सुदामा मार्ग में क्या-क्या सोचते जा रहे थे? वह कृष्ण के व्यवहार से क्यों खीझ रहे थे? सुदामा के मन की दुविधा को अपने शब्दों में प्रकट कीजिए
उत्तर :
द्वारका से लौटते समय सुदामा को श्रीकृष्ण ने प्रत्यक्ष रूप में कुछ नहीं दियावहाँ से लौटते समय सुदामा सोच रहे थे कि कृष्ण ने उनके पहुँचने पर खूब आदर-सत्कार कियाखूब प्रसन्नता प्रकट की पर आते समय उनकी जाति का भी ख्याल न कियावे सोच रहे थे कि यह है तो वही कृष्ण जो घर-घर दही की चोरी किया करता थायह किसी को क्या देगाघर चलकर अपनी पत्नी से कहेंगे कि कृष्ण ने जो इतना सारा धन दिया है, उसे सँभालकर रख लेउसी ने उन्हें उसके पास (द्वारका) बलपूर्वक भेजा थासुदामा कृष्ण की महिमा से अनजान थे, इसलिए कृष्ण के व्यवहार से खीझ रहे थे

सुदामा के मन की दुविधा यह थी कि खूब मान-सम्मान तथा आदर-सत्कार करने वाले श्रीकृष्ण ने उन्हें कुछ दिया क्यों नहींइसके अलावा द्वारका आकर अपने चावल खोकर भी न कुछ पाने की दुविधा सता रही थी

प्रश्न 5. अपने गाँव लौटकर जब सुदामा अपनी झोंपड़ी नहीं खोज पाए तब उनके मन में क्या-क्या विचार आए? कविता के आधार पर स्पष्ट कीजिए
उत्तर :
अपने गाँव लौटकर जब सुदामा अपनी झोंपड़ी को न खोज पाए तो तब उनके मन में विचार आया कि कहीं वे अपना रास्ता भूलकर द्वारका वापस तो नहीं आ गए हैं या उनके मन-मस्तिष्क पर द्वारका के राजभवनों का भ्रम तो नहीं छा गया है जो टने का नाम नहीं ले रहा है

प्रश्न 6. निर्धनता के बाद मिलनेवाली संपन्नता का चित्रण कविता की अंतिम पंक्तियों में वर्णित हैउसे अपने शब्दों में लिखिए
उत्तर :
प्रभु की कृपा से सुदामा की विपन्नता, इस तरह संपन्नता में बदली कि स्वयं
सुदामा भी इससे चकित रह गएजिस जगह पर उनकी झोंपड़ी थी, वहाँ तथा आस-पास द्वारका के समान राजमहल नजर आ रहे थेजिस सुदामा के पैर में कभी जूते नहीं होते थे, उनके आने-जाने के लिए महावत, गजराज (उत्तम कोटि का हाथी) लिए खड़ा था घोर गरीबी में सुदामा को कठोर जमीन पर रात बितानी पड़ती थी पर अब कोमल और मखमली बिस्तरों पर भी नींद नहीं आती थीगरीबी के दिनों में सुदामा को कोदो-सवाँ जैसे घटिया अनाज भी नहीं मिल पाता था, उन्हीं सुदामा को प्रभु की कृपा से अत्यंत स्वादिष्ट व्यंजन तथा अंगूर (सूखे मेवे) भी अच्छे नहीं लगते थेइस तरह उनकी जिंदगी में
विपन्नता के लिए कोई स्थान न बचा था

कविता से आगे

प्रश्न 1. द्रुपद और द्रोणाचार्य भी सहपाठी थे, इनकी मित्रता और शत्रुता की कथा महाभारत से खोजकर सुदामा के कथानक से तुलना कीजिए
उत्तर :
श्री कृष्ण और सुदामा बचपन में ऋषि संदीपनि के गुरुकुल में साथ-साथ शिक्षा ग्रहण करते थेये दोनों ही घनिष्ठ मित्र थेइसी तरह द्रुपद और द्रोण भी महर्षि भारद्वाज के आश्रम में साथ-साथ शिक्षा करते थेद्रुपद राजा के पुत्र थे तो द्रोण महर्षि भारद्वाज केये दोनों भी घनिष्ठ मित्र थेद्रुपद द्रोण से अकसर कहा करते थे कि जब मैं राजा बन जाऊँगा तो तुम्हें अपना आधा राज्य दे दूंगा और हम दोनों ही सुखी रहेंगेसमय बीतने के साथ द्रुपद राजा बने और द्रोण अत्यधिक गरीब हो गएवे द्रुपद के पास कुछ सहायता पाने के उद्देश्य से गएद्रुपद ने द्रोण को अपनी मित्रता के लायक भी न समझा और उन्हें अपमानित कर भगा दियाद्रोण ने पांडवों तथा कौरवों को धनुर्विद्या सिखानी शुरू कीउन्होंने अर्जुन से गुरु-दक्षिणा में द्रुपद को बंदी बनाकर लाने को कहाअर्जुन ने ऐसा ही कियाद्रोण ने उनके द्वारा किए गए अपमान की याद दिलाते हुए द्रुपद को मुक्त तो कर दिया पर अपमानित द्रुपद द्रोण की जान के प्यासे बन गएद्रुपद स्वयं यह काम नहीं कर सकते थेउन्होंने तपस्या करके एक वीर पुत्र तथा एक पुत्री की कामना कीद्रुपद की इसी पुत्री द्रौपदी का विवाह अर्जुन के साथ हुआ जिन्होंने महाभारत के युद्ध में द्रोण का वध किया।

सुदामा कथानक से तुलना-कृष्ण और सुदामा की मित्रता सच्चे अर्थों में आदर्श थीवहीं द्रोण तथा द्रुपद की मित्रता एकदम ही इसके विपरीत थीकृष्ण ने सुदामा की परोक्ष मदद करके अपने जैसा ही बना दिया, वहीं द्रुपद और द्रोण ने मित्रता को कलंकित किया तथा एक-दूसरे की जान के प्यासे बन
गएवे एक-दूसरे को अपमानित करते रहे और जान लेकर ही शांति पा सके

प्रश्न 2. उच्च पद पर पहुँचकर या अधिक समृद्ध होकर व्यक्ति अपने निर्धन माता पिता-भाई-बंधुओं से नजर फेरने लग जाता है, ऐसे लोगों के लिए सुदामा चरित कैसी चुनौती खड़ी करता है? लिखिए?
उत्तर :
इसमें कोई संदेह नहीं कि समाज में लोगों की मानसिकता में काफी बदलाव आया हैआजकल उच्च पद पर पहुँचकर या समृद्ध होकर व्यक्ति अपने निर्धन माता-पिता, भाई-बंधुओं से नजर फेर लेता हैऐसे लोगों के लिए ‘सुदामा चरित’ बहुत बड़ी चुनौती खड़ा करता हैकिसी व्यक्ति को धनदौलत, पद-प्रतिष्ठा आदि के मद में अपने निर्धन माता-पिता को नहीं भूलना चाहिए, क्योंकि उन्होंने ही हमें जन्म दिया हैअनेक दुख-सुख सहकर हमारा पालन-पोषण किया हैउन्होंने हमारी शिक्षा-दीक्षा का प्रबंध कर उच्च पद पर पहुँचने लायक बनाया हैवे समय-समय पर मदद एवं अच्छी राय देकर हमारी सहायता करते हैंयदि उच्च पद पर पहुँचकर हम उन्हें भूलने जैसी कोई बात करते हैं तो यह व्यक्ति की कृतघ्नता कही जाएगीहमें तो ऐसे में (उच्च पद प्राप्त करके) निर्धन माता-पिता तथा अपने बंधुओं की मदद उसी प्रकार करनी चाहिए जैसे कृष्ण ने सुदामा की थीउनकी मदद कर हमें अपनी पारिवारिक तथा सामाजिक जिम्मेदारियों का पूर्ण रूप से निर्वहन करना चाहिए।

अनुमान और कल्पना

प्रश्न 1. अनुमान कीजिए यदि आपका कोई अभिन्न मित्र आपसे बहुत वर्षों बाद मिलने आए तो आप को कैसा अनुभव होगा?
उत्तर :
यदि मेरा कोई मित्र बहुत दिनों बाद मुझसे मिलने आए तो मैं आत्मीयतापूर्वक
उससे मिलूंगामुझे उससे मिलकर बड़ी खुशी होगीवह जब तक मेरे पास रहेगा, मैं उसका खूब आदर-सत्कार करूंगायदि उसे मेरी मदद की जरूरत है तो मैं उसे पूरा करने का हर संभव प्रयास करूंगा तथा उसे प्रेमपूर्वक विदा कर भविष्य में आते रहने के लिए कहूँगा

प्रश्न 2. केहि रहीम संपति सगे, बनत बहुत बहु रीति
विपति कसौटी जे कसे तेई साँचे मीत।
इस दोहे में रहीम ने सच्चे मित्र की पहचान बताई हैइस दोहे से सुदामा चरित की समानता किस प्रकार दिखती है? लिखिए
उत्तर :
इस दोहे के माध्यम से कवि रहीम कहते हैं कि जब तक किसी भी व्यक्ति के पास संपत्ति होती है, धन-दौलते रहती है, तब तक अनेक लोग अनेक तरीके से उसके अपने बन जाते हैं; जैसे-मैं तुम्हारे उन दूर के रिश्तेदार का रिश्तेदार हूँ यो तुम्हारे परिवार से मेरा संबंध तो बहुत पुराना है आदि-आदिऐसे लोग सच्चे मित्र नहीं होते हैंविपत्ति अर्थात धन न रहने पर जो व्यक्ति मेरा साथ देता है वही मेरा सच्चा मित्र होता है

इस दोहे की तुलना यदि हम ‘सुदामा चरित’ से करते हैं तो इन दोनों में काफी समानता मिलती है‘सुदामा चरित’ के अनुसार द्वारकाधीश कृष्ण अपने विपन्न मित्र को देखकर हर्षित हो जाते हैंवे उनका खूब आदर-सत्कार करते हैं तथा बिदाई के समय प्रत्यक्ष रूप में कुछ नहीं देते है किंतु परोक्ष में इतना दे देते हैं कि उन्हें भी अपने समान बना देते हैंइस प्रकार सुदामा चरित’ में भी विपत्ति के समय मित्र की सहायता करने का संदेश दिया गया हैइसमें भी निहित मूलभाव भी उक्त दोहे जैसा ही है कि मुसीबत के समय जो सच्ची भावना से सहायता करे वही हमारा सच्चा मित्र हैश्रीकृष्ण ने सुदामा की अप्रत्यक्ष सहायता कर सुदामा में हीनता की भावना या छोटे होने का भाव पैदा होने ही नहीं दिया।

भाषा की बात

प्रश्न 1. “पानी परात को हाथ छुयो नहिं, नैनन के जल सो पग धोए”
ऊपर लिखी गई पंक्ति को ध्यान से पढ़िएइसमें बात को बहुत अधिक बढ़ाचढ़ाकर चित्रित किया गया हैजब किसी बात को इतना बढ़ा-चढ़ाकर प्रस्तुत किया जाता है तो वहाँ पर अतिशयोक्ति अलंकार होता हैआप भी कविता में से एक अतिशयोक्ति अलंकार का उदाहरण छाँटिए
उत्तर :
अतिशयोक्ति अलंकार के उदाहरण (कविता में से)।
(क) ऐसे बेहाल बिवाइन सों, पग कंटक जाल लगे पुनि जोए
(ख) वैसोई राज–समाज बने, गज बाजि घने मन संभ्रम छायो।
(ग) कै वह टूटी-सी छानी हती, कहँ कंचन के अब धाम सुहावत

कुछ करने को

प्रश्न 1. इस कविता को एकांकी में बदलिए और उसका अभिनय कीजिए
उत्तर :
‘सुदामा चरित’ नामक कविता का एकांकी में रूपांतरण
[द्वारकापुरी, धन-धान्य, वैभव, समृधि एवं खुशहाली से भरी नगरी, वहाँ बने आलीशान एवं भव्य राजप्रासाद चारों ओर प्रसन्नता एवं शांतिमय वातावरण इन्हीं प्रासादों के बीच स्थित द्वारिकाधीश श्रीकृष्ण का भवन भवन के बाहर खड़े पहरेदार और द्वारपालऐसे में दीन-हीन सुदामा श्रीकृष्ण के भवन के सामने पहुँचते हैंउनके सिर पर न पगड़ी है और न शरीर पर कुर्ताधोती जगह-जगह से फटी तथा धूल-धूसरित पैर लिए वे द्वारपाल के पास जाते हैं।]

सुदामा – (द्वारपाल से पूछते हुए) अरे भाई द्वारपाल, क्या तुम बता सकते हो कि दुद्वारका के राजा श्रीकृष्ण का राजभवन यहाँ कौन-सा है?
द्वारपाल – क्या नाम है तुम्हारा? कहाँ से आए हो?
सुदामा – सुदामा बहुत दूर गाँव से आया हूँ, पर तुमने उनका भवन तो बताया नहीं
द्वारपाल – द्वारकाधीश प्रभु श्रीकृष्ण का भवन तो यही है
सुदामा – अपने प्रभु श्रीकृष्ण से कह दो कि उनसे मिलने सुदामा आया है।
द्वारपाल – तुम यहीं ठहरो। मैं अंदर जाकर सूचना देता हूँ। और हाँ, अंदर मत आना, मेरे आने तक। [द्वारपाल कृष्ण के पास चला जाता है।]
द्वारपाल – महाराज की जय हो। प्रभु आपसे मिलने कोई आया है।
श्रीकृष्ण – कहाँ है वह व्यक्ति? कैसा है तथा क्या नाम है उसका?
द्वारपाल – प्रभु वह दरवाजे के बाहर खड़ा है। उसके सिर पर न पगड़ी है और न शरीर पर कुर्ता। पैरों में जूते नहीं हैं? वह दुर्बल ब्राह्मण अपना नाम सुदामा बता रहा है। [सुदामा नाम सुनते ही कृष्ण राज सिंहासन छोड़कर आते हैं। और सुदामा को महल के अंदर ले जाते हैं। उन्हें सिंहासन पर बिठाकर उनके पैर धोने के लिए पानी मँगवाते हैं और सुदामा के पैर धोना चाहते हैं।]
श्रीकृष्ण – मित्र सुदामा तुम इतनी गरीबी सहकर कष्ट भोगते रहे पर तुम पहले ही यहाँ क्यों नहीं आ गए?  [सुदामा संकोच वश कोई जवाब नहीं देते हैं। वे अपनी पत्नी द्वारा भेजे गए चावलों की पोटली को काँख के नीचे छिपाने का प्रयास करते हैं, जिसे कृष्ण देख लेते हैं।]
श्रीकृष्ण – मित्र तुम मुझसे कुछ छिपाने की कोशिश कर रहे हो। [कृष्ण वह पोटली छीन लेते हैं।] अरे! तुम भाभी के भेजे चावल मुझसे छिपा रहे थे। मित्र चोरी की आदत में तो तुम पहले से ही बड़े कुशल हो। [ऐसा कहकर श्रीकृष्ण उसमें से कुछ चावल खा लेते हैं। सुदामा उनके यहाँ कुछ दिन बिताकर अपने गाँव वापस विदा होते हैं।  श्रीकृष्ण उन्हें प्रत्यक्ष में कुछ नहीं देते हैं जिससे सुदामा श्रीकृष्ण पर खीझते हुए वापस आते हैं।]
सुदामा – [अपने-आप से] कृष्ण तो दिखावे के लिए कितना आदर
सत्कार करता रहा पर आते समय कुछ भी नहीं दिया। यह भी नहीं सोचा कि ब्राह्मण को खाली हाथ विदा नहीं करते हैं। अरे, यह वही कृष्ण है जो जरा-सी दही के लिए हाथ फैलाए फिरता था। यह मुझे क्या देगा। अब अपनी पत्नी से चलकर कहूँगा कि खूब सारा धन सँभालकर रख लो। मैं तो इसीलिएआना ही नहीं चाहता था। [यही सोचते सुदामा अपने गाँव पहुँच जाते हैं।]
सुदामा – अरे यहाँ तो सारे भवन तथा सब कुछ द्वारका जैसा ही है। कहीं मैं रास्ता भूलकर वापस पुन: द्वारका तो नहीं आ गया। मैं तौ भ्रमित हो गया हूँ।
सुदामा – [गाँव के एक व्यक्ति से] क्या तुम बता सकते हो कि यहीं सुदामा नामक गरीब ब्राह्मण की झोंपड़ी हुआ करती थी, वह कहाँ है?
कोई व्यक्ति – अरे तुम सुदामा के राजमहल के सामने ही तो खड़े हो। उनकी झोंपड़ी की जगह यह राजमहल बन गया है। (इशारा करते हुए) वह देखो अंदर। उनकी पत्नी रानियों के परिधान में खड़ी हैं।
सुदामा – [अपनी-पत्नी को पहचानते हैं और अंदर जाते हैं।] अपने मित्र की महिमा से मैं कितना अंजान था। अब सब समझ गया।

छात्र एकांकी का अभिनय स्वयं करें।

प्रश्न 2. कविता के उचित सस्वर वाचन का अभ्यास कीजिए।
उत्तर :
छात्र कविता का सस्वर वाचन स्वयं करें।

प्रश्न 3. ‘मित्रता संबंधी दोहों का संकलन कीजिए।
उत्तर :
मित्रता संबंधी दोहे
(क)
आपतिकाल परखिए चारी। धीरज धरम मित्र अरु नारी ॥
जे न मित्र दुख होइ दुखारी। तिनहि बिलोकत पातक भारी॥ [तुलसीदास]

(ख)
कह रहीम संपत्ति सगे, बनत बहुत बहु रीत।
विपत्ति कसौटी जे कसे, तेई साँचे मीत। [रहीम]

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 12 सुदामा चरित help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 12 सुदामा चरित, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 1 The Ant and the Cricket are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 1 The Ant and the Cricket.

Board	CBSE
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 8
Subject	English Honeydew (Poem)
Chapter	Chapter 1
Chapter Name	The Ant and the Cricket
Category	NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew (Poem) Chapter 1 The Ant and the Cricket

STANZAS FOR COMPREHENSION

Read the extracts given below and answer the questions that follow each :

I. A silly young cricket, accustomed to sing
Through the warm, sunny months of gay summer and spring,
Began to complain when he found that, at home,
His cupboard was empty, and winter was come. (Page 21)

हिंदी अनुवाद-एक मूर्ख युवा झींगुर था। गर्मी और बसंत के धुपहले महीनों को गाते हुए बिता देना उसकी आदत थी। जब सर्दी का मौसम आया तो वह दु:खी हो उठा। खाने के लिए कुछ न था। घर पर उसका भंडार खाली था।

Paraphrase. Once there was a foolish young cricket. It was his habit to pass the sunny months of summer and spring in singing. When winter came, he began to grumble. There was nothing to eat. His cupboard at his home was empty.

Multiple Choice Questions
1. The passage is taken from
(a) Geography Lesson
(b) On the Grasshopper and Cricket
(c) The Ant and the Cricket
(d) The Duck and the Kangaroo.

2. The two qualities of the Cricket described here are
(a) foolish and a singer
(b) wise and a singer
(c) foolish and a writer
(d) intelligent and a speaker.

3. The weather in the poem is
(a) warm and gay
(b) cold and dry
(c) rainy and stormy
(d) hot and sunny.

4. ‘Accustomed to’ means
(a) happy
(b) unhappy
(c) used to
(d) irritated.

Answers
1. (c) The Ant and the Cricket
2. (a) foolish and a singer
3. (b) cold and dry
4. (c) used to

II. Not a crumb to be found
On the snow-covered ground;
Not a flower could he see,
Not a leaf on a tree.
“Oh! what will become,” says the cricket, “of me ?” (Page 21)

हिंदी अनुवाद-झींगुर को सर्दी में भोजन नहीं मिला। हर जगह बर्फ ही बर्फ थी। न कोई फूल और न ही किसी पेड़ पर कोई पत्ती दिखाई देती थी। झींगुर चिंता में बोल उठा ‘मेरा क्या होगा ?’

Paraphrase. The cricket did not find any food in winter. There was ice everywhere. Neither a flower nor a leaf on a tree could be seen. The cricket wondered aloud what would become of him.

Questions
1. Who was looking for the crumbs ?
2. What did the Cricket usually do ?
3. Why was the Cricket worried ?

Answers
1. The Cricket was looking for the crumbs.
2. Usually the Cricket sang.
3. The Cricket was worried because he had no food.

III. At last by starvation and famine made bold,
All dripping with wet, and all trembling with cold,
Away he set off to a miserly ant,
To see if, to keep him alive, he would grant (Page 21)

हिंदी अनुवाद-झींगुर मरने लगा। वह भूख से मर रहा था। अतः उसने हिम्मत जुटायी। वर्षा से भीगता और ठंड से कांपता वह एक कंजूस चींटी के पास पहुँचा। उसने जानना चाहा कि क्या चींटी जिंदा रहने में उसकी सहायता करेगी।

Paraphrase. The cricket came on the verge of death. He was dying of hunger. So he took courage. Wet with rain and shivering with cold, he went to a miserly ant. He wanted to know if the ant would help him keep alive.

Multiple Choice Questions
1. Who was suffering from starvation and famine ?
(a) the Ant
(b) the Cricket
(c) the poet
(d) a man.

2. Why was he dripping with wet ?
(a) It was raining hard.
(b) He had dived in a pond.
(c) He had no shelter.
(d) He had taken a bath.

3. What did he expect to get from the miserly ant ?
(a) good advice
(b) food
(c) shelter
(d) food and shelter.

4. What does the word ‘grant mean?
(a) kind
(b) generous
(c) take
(d) give.

Answers
1. (b) the Cricket
2. (c) He had no shelter
3. (d) food and shelter
4. (d) give

IV. Him shelter from rain,
And a mouthful of grain.
He wished only to borrow;
He’d repay it tomorrow;
If not, he must die of starvation and sorrow. (Page 21)

हिंदी अनुवाद-झींगुर ने चींटी से निवेदन किया कि वह उसे वर्षा से बचाये। वह थोड़ा सा अन्न भी चाहता था। उसका इरादा था कि वह इस कर्ज को शीघ्र ही उतार देगा। वह बोला कि अगर चींटी ने दया नहीं की तो वह मर जायेगा।

Paraphrase. The cricket requested the ant to give him protection from rain. He also wanted a small quantity of food. His intention was to repay the debt soon. He said that if the ant was not kind, he would die.

Questions
1. Who is ‘him’ in the first line ?
2. What did he want?
3. From whom did he hope to borrow ?
4. Give the opposite of the word ‘borrow’.

Answers
1. ‘Him’ refers to the Cricket.
2. He wanted food and shelter.
3. He hoped to borrow from the ant.
4. lend.

V. Says the ant to the
cricket, “I’m your servant
and friend,
But we ants never
borrow; we ants never
lend.
But tell me, dear cricket,
did you lay nothing by
When the weather was
warm ?” Quoth the cricket,
“Not I! (Page 22)

हिंदी अनुवाद- चींटी झींगुर से बोली, “मैं आपकी सेवक और मित्र हूँ। पर हमारा सिद्धांत है कि हम ने उधार देते हैं और न उधार लेते हैं। पर प्रिय झींगुर, क्या गर्मी के मौसम में तुमने सर्दी के लिए कुछ बचाकर नहीं रखा ?” झींगुर ने उत्तर दिया “नहीं।”

Paraphrase. The ant said to the cricket. “I am your servant and friend. However, it is our principle that we neither borrow nor lend. But, dear cricket, did you not save anything for the bad weather during the warm days ?” The cricket said that he didn’t.

Multiple Choice Questions
1. What do you think that of the ant’s behaviour ? What was it like?
(a) a servant
(b) a friend
(c) both
(d) neither

2. What do the ants not do according to the passage ?
(a) don’t borrow
(b) neither borrow nor lend
(c) don’t lend
(d) don’t help.

3. The ant scolded the Cricket because
(a) he never lent
(b) he never borrowed
(c) he never saved
(d) he was foolish.

4. The word ‘Quoth’ means
(a) wept
(b) laughed
(c) said
(d) asked.

Answers
1. (d) neither
2. (b) neither borrow nor lend
3. (c) he never saved
4. (c) said

VI. My heart , was so light
That I sang day and night,
For all nature looked gay.”
“You sang, Sir, you say ?
Go then,” says the ant, “and dance the winter away.” (Page 22)

हिंदी अनुवाद-“मेरा दिल ऐसा खुश था कि मैं दिन-रात गाता ही रहा। सारी प्रकृति प्रसन्न दिखाई दे रही थी”, (झींगुर बोला)। चींटी ने कहा, “ श्रीमन्, अगर आपने गर्मियाँ गाकर बिता दीं, तो जाओ सर्दियँ नाच कर बिता दो।”

Paraphrase. “I felt so light at heart that I sang and sang all through the day and night. Every object of nature seemed very happy”, (said the cricket). The ant said, “Sir, if you passed the summer in singing, pass the winter in dancing”.

Questions
1. Whose heart was it ? How did it feel ?
2. What did he do ?
3. How was the weather ?
4. Who questions the wisdom of his action ?

Answers
1. It was Cricket’s heart. It felt very happy.
2. He sang day and night.
3. The weather was fine.
4. The ant questions the wisdom of his action.

VII. Thus ending, he hastily lifted the wicket,
And out of the door turned the poor little cricket.
Folks call this a fable. I’ll warrant it true :
Some crickets have four legs, and some have two.

हिंदी अनुवाद-ऐसा कह कर चींटी ने दरवाजा बंद कर दिया। इस प्रकार बेचारा युवा झींगुर चींटी के घर के बाहर निकला। लोग कहते हैं कि यह एक नीति-कथा है। कवि का विश्वास है कि यह सच्ची बात है। वह कहता है कि संसार में दो पैरों वाले ऐसे लोग हैं जो कहानी के चार पैरों वाले युवा झींगुर की तरह व्यवहार करते हैं।

Paraphrase. So saying he (the ant) closed the door. So the poor young cricket came out of the ant’s house. People say that it’s a story with a moral. The poet believes it’s true. He says that there are people in the world who behave like that cricket of the story.

Multiple Choice Questions
1. Who lifted the wicket?
(a) the Ant
(b) the Cricket
(c) the poet
(d) a man.

2. Why did he lift the wicket?
(a) because it was so light.
(b) because he was tired.
(c) because he wanted his visitor to go.
(d) because it was cold.

3. What does the poet mean when he says that ‘some crickets have two legs’ ?
(a) These are some strange crickets with two legs.
(b) The poet dislikes all crickets.
(c) The poet is referring to people who do not save for a rainy day.
(d) All men are crickets with two legs.

4. The word ‘fable’ here means
(a) able
(b) poem
(c) epilogue
(d) story with a moral.

Answers
1. (a) the Ant
2. (c) because he wanted his visitor to go
3. (c) The poet is referring to people who do not save for a rainy day.
4. (d) story with a moral

TEXTUAL QUESTIONS

WORKING WITH THE POEM (Page 23)
Question. 1.
The cricket says, “Oh ! what will become of me ?” When does he say it, and why ?

Answer:
The cricket speaks these words on the arrival of winter. He says so because he finds that there is no food for him in his house.

Question. 2.
(i) Find in the poem the lines that mean the same as “Neither a borrower nor a lender be’ (Shakespeare).
(ii) What is your opinion of the ant’s principles ?

Answer:
(i) The line is :
“We ants never borrow ; we ants never lend.”
(ii) I do not agree with the ant’s principle. On the other hand, I believe that a friend in need is a friend indeed.

Question. 3.
The ant tells the cricket to “dance the winter away”. Do you think the word ‘dance’ is appropriate here ? If so, why ?

Answer:
Yes the word ‘dance’ is appropriate here. It is so because the cricket had spoken of his love of singing. Singing and dancing go together.

Question. 4.
(i) Which lines in the poem express the poet’s comment ? Read them aloud.
(ii) Write the comment in your own words.

Answer:
(i) The lines are :
“Folks call this a fable ; I’ll warrant it true.
Some crickets have four legs, and some have two.”

(ii) People say that this is a short story with a moral. However it is true. There are people in this world who spend all their earnings. They do not save anything for the future. In the moments of crisis or in their old age they come to grief. They find they have no money to depend upon. Such people, says the poet, are like the cricket of the story.

Question. 5.
If you know a fable in your own language, narrate it to your classmates.

Answer:
Once there was an old man. He had four sons. These sons always quarrelled with one another. So the old man was sad. When he was about to die, he called them all. He asked them to bring four sticks. Then he asked them to tie them in a bundle. After that he asked each of them to break the bundle. No one could do it. Then he untied the bundle and gave a stick to each of them. They easily broke them. Thus, the old man explained them the value of unity. He told his sons that if they remained united no one would ever harm them.

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 1 The Ant and the Cricket help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English Honeydew Poem Chapter 1 The Ant and the Cricket, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.