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Here we are providing Deep Water Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Flamingo, Extra Questions for Class 12 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-12-english/

Deep Water Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Flamingo

Deep Water Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Deep Water Extra Questions And Answers Class 12 Question 1.
When did the author decide to learn swimming? Why did he join YMCA pool?
Answer:
The author decided to learn swimming at the age of ten or eleven years. There was a pool at the YMCA that offered that opportunity. The YMCA pool was quite safe. It was only two or three feet deep at the shallow end; and while it was nine feet deep at the other, the drop was gradual.

Deep Water Questions And Answers Class 12 Question 2.
What did the author do to learn swimming at the YMCA pool?
Answer:
The author got a pair of water wings and went to the pool. He paddled with his new water wings, watching the other boys and trying to learn aping them. He did this two or three times on different times on different days and was beginning to feel at ease.

Deep Water Question Answers Class 12 Question 3.
Why did Douglas’ mother recommend that he should learn swimming at the YMCA pool?
Answer:
The author wanted to learn swimming when he was ten or eleven years old. The river Yakima was dangerous. The author’s mother continually warned him against it and kept on telling him the incidents of drowning in it. But the YMCA pool was quite safe. Therefore she recommended YMCA pool to learn swimming.

Deep Water Extract Questions And Answers Class 12 Question 4.
Describe the author’s childhood experience when he was three or four years old?
Answer:
The author had an aversion to the water when he was three or four years old. His father took him to a beach in California. His father and he was standing together in the surf. Suddenly the waves knocked him down and swept over him. He was buried in the water. His breath was gone. This caused a terror in his mind of water.

Deep Water Question Answer Class 12 Question 5.
What happened one day when the author was sitting alone beside the pool?
Answer:
One day the author went to the pool when no one was there. He was timid about going in the pool alone. So he sat on the side of the pool to wait for others. An eighteen year old boy came there and tossed the author into the pool thinking that the author might knew swimming.

Deep Water Class 12 Question Answers Question 6.
How did the big boy throw the author into the pool?
Answer:
The big boy was about eighteen years old. He was a kind of bruiser. He yelled, ‘ Hi, Skinny! How’d you like to be ducked?’ With that he picked the author up and tossed him into the deep end. However, he later said that he was just fooling.

Deep Water Extract Questions Class 12 Question 7.
Describe the appearance of the big boy who tossed the author into the pool?
Answer:
The boy who tossed the author was about eighteen years old. He was a kind of bruiser. He had thick hair on his chest. He was a beautiful physical specimen, with legs and arms that showed rippling muscles.

Deep Water Short Questions And Answers Class 12 Question 8.
What deep meaning did his experience at the YMCA pool have for Douglas?
Answer:
His experience had a deep meaning for him. The author said that who had known stark fear and conquered it could appreciate it. In death, there is peace. There is terror only in the fear of death. The author concludes saying that all we need is to fear itself.

Deep Water Important Questions Class 12 Question 9.
How did Douglas’ introduction to the YMCA pool revive his childhood fear of water?
Answer:
Douglas had aversion for water since his early child¬hood. However, he decided to learn swimming at the age of ten or eleven. But one day he was sitting alone beside the pool. He was sitting for others to come. An eighteen year old boy came there and tossed the author into the pool. He was saved with great difficulty from being drowned. In this way, the introduction to the YMCA pool reinforced the author’s childhood fear of water.

Deep Water Extract Based Questions And Answers Class 12 Question 10.
What did Douglas feel and do when he was pushed into the swimming water?
Answer:
When Douglas was tossed into the water he was frightened but not much. He thought that when he reached the bottom he would make a big jump. Then he would, come to the surface like a cork. It seemed a long way down. He reached the bottom very slow. It appeared to him that those nine feet were like ninety feet, He felt that his lungs would burst.. He came up very slowly. He grew panicky. He thought he would not survive. This thought gave him peace.

Deep Water Very Short Questions And Answers Class 12 Question 11.
How did Douglas’ experience at the YMCA pool affect him?
Answer:
Douglas was saved from drowning. When he came to his senses, he found that he was lying on his stomach beside the pool and he was vomitiftg. After hours later the author walked to his home. He was feeling very weak. He could neither eat nor sleep that night. He never went to the pool again. He avoided it whenever he could.

Deep Water Class 12 Important Questions Question 12.
Why did the author go to Lake Went worth in New Hampshire?
Answer:
The author had learnt swimming from a very capable instructor. But the author wanted to conquer ‘ his fear of water completely. Therefore, he went to Lake Went worth in New Hampshire. He swam across the lake. Only once did his old fear of water return. However he brushed this thought of fear aside and swam across the lake.

Deep Water Question And Answer Class 12 Question 13.
How do you think was Douglas rescued when he was about to be drowned?
Answer:
A big boy threw Douglas into the pool thinking that he knew swimming. But Douglas didn’t know swimming. He was about to be drowned. He lost his senses. When he regained consciousness, he found himself lying beside the pool. Naturally someone saved him who was present there. Most probably, it might be the big boy who threw him into the pool.

Deep Water Extra Questions Class 12 Question 14.
Why did Douglas decide to overcome his fear of water?
Answer:
Due to his fear of water, Douglas couldn’t enjoy any of the water-related activities. It ruined his fishing plans and his joy of boating or canoeing. Therefore he decided to overcome his fear of water.

Extra Questions Of Deep Water Class 12 Question 15.
What sort of terror seized Douglas as he went down the water with a yellow glow? How could he feel that he was still alive?
Answer:
It was. a kind of terror that the person who had experienced could understand. Douglas was about to be drowned in the water. He was crying. He was stiff with fear. Even the cries in his throat were frozen. Only his heart said that he was alive.

Question 16.
The author says, “The instructor was finished. But I was not finished.” Why?
Answer:
The instructor was a very experienced trainer. He trained the author step by step. After about two months of training, he told the author that he now knew everything about swimming. However the author was yet not satisfied. He himself wanted to become assure that he had overcome his fear of water. Therefore the author said that the instructor was finished but not was he.

Question 17.
How did this experience affect him?
Answer:
This experience had a great effect on the author. He never went to the pool again. He feared water. He avoided it whenever possible. It ruined his fishing trips and also deprived him of the joy of canoeing, boating and swimming.

Question 18.
Why was Douglas determined to get over his fear of water?
Answer:
The fear of water ruined Douglas’ all fishing trips and also deprived him of the joy of canoeing, boating and swimming. Therefore, Douglas decided to get over his fear of water.

Deep Water Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Where did the author decide to learn swimming and why? What did he get to learn swimming?
Answer:
When the author was ten or eleven years old, he decided to learn swimming. There was a pool at the YMCA in Yakima that offered exactly swimming opportunity. The river Yakima was dangerous and many incidents of drowning used to happen there. Thus the author’s mother desist him to go and learn swimming there.

But the YMCA pool was safe. It was only two or three feet at the shallow end; and while it was nine feet deep at the other. The drop was gradual. The author got a pair of water wings and went to the pool. The author paddled with his new water wings, watching the other and trying to learn by imitating them. He did this two or three times on different days and started to feel at ease in the water.

Question 2.
Roosevelt said, “All we have to fear is fear itself.” Do you agree? Why/why not?
Answer:
Once the American President Roosevelt had said, “All we have to fear is fear itself.” This quote by the President is absolutely right. Almost all great per¬sons believe in this. Mahatma Gandhi had similar views. That was why he was not afraid of the British tyrannical power. In this text the author was about to be drowned.

He became quite afraid when he thought he would not survive. He tried his best to safe himself for drowning but all in vain. Then he accepted his fate. Now he felt at peace. And he was ready to welcome death calmly. However he was saved from being drowned. After that, he decided to overcome his fear of water. He did this with the help of a very capable instructor.

The author’s experience about his misadventure with water had a very deep meaning for him. According to him only those who had known stark terror and conquered it could appreciate it. He said in death there is peace. There is terror only in the fear of death.

Question 3.
Desire, determination and diligence lead to ‘ success. Explain the value of these qualities in the light of Douglas’ experience in ‘Deep Water’?
Answer:
The author had childhood fear of water. When he was just four years old, he was knocked down by the sea waves. This experience caused in him an aversion for water. When he was ten or eleven years old he was nearly drowned in the YMCA pool. His life was saved with great difficulty. Thus, he started avoiding water. It resulted in ruining all his water- related activities viz fishing, boating and canoeing.

The author decided to overcome or fight this fear. He took the help of a very capable instructor. The instructor perfected the author in the art of swimming in about two months. Though the instructor was finished yet not the author. When he swam the length and breadth of the pool, the old memories of terror would return.

One day,the author went to Lake Went worth in New Hampshire. He swam two miles across the lake. Only once did the old terror returned to him. Once the author went across the Warm Lake. He dived into the lake next morning. He swam across to the other shore. The author shouted with joy. He had conquered his old fer of water. It was the result of sheer determination and diligence on part of the author that he was able to overcome his fear of water.

Question 4.
How did the instructor make Douglas a good swimmer?
Answer:
Douglas wanted to overcome his fear of water. He got an instructor to teach him swimming. He went 1 to the pool for five days a week, an hours each day. The instructor put a belt around him. A rope attached to the belt went through a pulley that ran on an overhead cable. He held on to the end of the rope, and went back and forth, across the pool, hour after hour, day after day, week after week. On each trip across the pool a bit of his panic seized him.

Each time the instructor relaxed his hold on the rope and the author went under water, some of the old terror returned and his legs froze. After three months, the instructor taught him to put his face under water and exhale, and to raise his nose and inhale. He repeated this exercise hundreds of times. Bit by bit, the author shed the part of the panic that seized him when his head went under water.

Next, the instructor held the author at the side of the pool and had him kick with his legs. At first, it was quite difficult for the author but gradually he was able to command his legs. Thus, piece by piece the instructor made Douglas a good swimmer.

Question 5.
Which two incidents in Douglas’ early life made him scared of water?
Answer:
There happened two incidents in Douglas’ life that made him scared of water. The first incident occurred when the author was just three or four years old and his father took him to the beach in California. He and his father stood together in the surf. The waves knocked him down and swept over him. He was buried in water. His breath was gone. He was frightened.

However the author decided to learn swimming. He joined the YMCA pool. One day there was nobody at the pool. He was waiting for others to come. An eighteen year old boy came there and tossed the author into the pool. He was saved with great difficulty from being drowned. In this way that second incident reinforced the author’s fear of water.

Question 6.
A big boy threw Douglas Into the swimming pool. How did this experience affect Douglas?
Answer:
Douglas was sitting atone beside the pool. didn’t want to go into the pool alone. A big boy came there and tossed the author into the pool. Douglas was saved from drowning with great effort. When he came to his senses, he found that he was lying on his stomach beside the pool and he was vomiting. After hours later the author walked to his home he was feeling very weak. He could neither eat nor sleep that night. He never went to the pool again.

The author would also avoid any water-related activities. This ruined all his fishing trips, his boating or canoeing activities. In the end the author decided to engage a very capable instructor to teach him swimming. And in the span of two months the author became a good swimmer.

Question 7.
Justify the title ‘Deep Water’.
Answer:
This story is about a deep and profound meaning of life. That meaning can be summed up in the author’s statement that there is no fear in death; there is fear .in fear itself. One has to kill that fear in oneself if one wants to enjoy a fuller and meaningful life. The author had a great fear of water.

A couple of his childhood experiences had caused that fear in himself. But with the help of an instructor he was able to overcome this fear. He shouted in joy when he realised that he had overcome his fear of water.

The author had experienced both the sensation of dying and the terror that fear of it can produce. The author learned a very profound and deep meaning of life. He realised that there is no fear in death. The fear is in fear itself. One has to overcome this fear. Thus to conclude with we can say that the title of the story is quite apt.

Question 8.
What is the misadventure that William Douglas speaks about?
Answer:
The author William Douglas joined YMCA pool to learn swimming. One day he was sitting alone on the side of the pool. He was afraid to go inside the pool without anyone’s presence. So, he decided to wait for others. There came a boy of about eighteen. He was a kind of bruiser. He yelled, ‘ Hi skinny! How’d you like to be ducked? He picked the author and threw him into the water. The author at once went to the bottom of the pool.

The author was frightened but not much. He imagined that he would bob to the surface like a cork. Instead he came very slowly. He could see nobody. The author grew very panicky. He tried to jump upwards twice but all proved futile. At last, he stopped all is efforts. He relaxed. Even his legs felt limp. But he was taken out of the water before he was dead. He walked to his house several hours later.

Question 9.
What were the series of emotions and fears that Douglas experienced when he was thrown into the pool? What plans did he make to come to the surface?
Answer:
The author was not frightened much in the begining. He thought that his feet would touch the bot-tom and he would come to the surface like a cork. But instead, he came to the surface very slow. The depth of nine feet appeared ninety feet to him. He grew panicky. He was suffocating. He called for help but no one was there to help him. When he came to the surface, he started going down again. This thing happened three times.

Then he stopped all his efforts. He was sure that he was not going to Survive. This thought gave him peace. He relaxed. Now he was no more panic. Everything blanked out. The curtain of life fell. Next he remembered he was lying beside the pool. In this way, the author was saved from his dying. The author experienced near death experience.

Question 10.
How did the instructor ‘build a swimmer’ out of Douglas?
Answer:
Douglas wanted to overcome his fear of water. He got an instructor to teach him swimming. He went to the pool for five days a week, an hour each day. The instructor put a belt around him. A rope attached to the belt went through a pulley that ran on an overhead cable. He held on to the end of the rope, and went back and forth, across the pool, hour after hour, day after day, week after week. On each trip across the pool, a bit of his panic seized him.

Each time the instructor relaxed his hold on the rope and the author went under the water, some of the old terror returned and his legs froze.

After three months, the instructor taught him to put his face under water and exhale, and to raise his nose and inhale. He repeated this exercise hundreds of times. Bit by bit the author shed the part of the panic that seized him when his head went under water. Next the instructor held the author at the side of the pool and had him kick with his legs. At first it was quite difficult for the author but gradually he was able to command his legs. Thus, piece by piece the instructor build a swimmer out of Douglas.

Question 11.
How did Douglas make sure that he had conquered the old terror?
Answer:
The author learnt swimming from an expert instructor. Finally, the instructor told him that he had learnt swimming. The instructor was finished but not the author. When he swam the length and breadth of the pool, the old memories of terror would return. One day, the author went to Lake Went worth in New Hampshire.

He swam two miles across the lake. Only once did the old terror returned to him. Once the author went across the Warm Lake. He dived into the lake next morning. He swam across to the other shore. The author shouted with joy. He had conquered his old fear of water.

Question 12.
How does Douglas make clear to the reader the sense of panic that gripped him as he almost drowned? Describe the details that have made the description vivid.
Answer:
In this extract, the author vividly describes his experience when he was almost drowned and also when he was saved. The author decided to learn swimming at the YMCA pool. One day a misadventure happened with the author. An eighteen year old boy tossed the author into the pool thinking that the author might know how to swim. But the author didn’t know swimming at all. The author landed in a sitting position. He was frightened but not much. He thought that when he reached the bottom he would make a big jump. Then he would come to the surface like a cork.

It seemed a long way down. He reached the bottom very slow. It appeared to the narrator that those nine feet were like ninety feet. The narrator felt that his lungs would burst. He came up very slowly. He grew panicky. He thought he would not survive. This thought gave him peace. He closed his eyes. He became unconscious. The next he remembered he was lying on his stomach beside the pool and he was vomiting.

The boy who had thrown him inside the pool said that he was just fooling. After hours later the author walked to his home feeling very weak. He could neither eat nor sleep that night. He never went to the pool again. He avoided it whenever he could.

Question 13.
How did Douglas overcome his fear of water?
Answer:
The author, Douglas,-had great fear of water. In order to get over this fear he decided to take training from an expert instructor. After two months the instructor told him that now he could swim without any fear. Though the instructor was finished yet not the author. When he swam the length and breadth of the pool, the old memories of terror would return.

One day the author went to Lake Went worth in New Hampshire. He swam two miles across the lake. Only once did the old terror returned to him. Once the author went across the Warm Lake. He dived into the lake next morning. He swam across to the other shore. The author shouted with joy. He had conquered his old fear of water.

Question 14.
Why does Douglas as an adult recount a childhood experience of terror and his conquering of it? What larger meaning does he draw from this experience?
Answer:
The author had an aversion to water from his early childhood. When he was three or four years old he was knocked by water waves on a beach. One day he was saved with great difficulty from being drowned. But the author decided to overcome his fear of water.

With the help of an instructor he was able to overcome this fear, His experience had a deep meaning for him. The author said that who had known stark fear and conquered it could appreciate it. In death there is peace. There is terror only in the fear of death. The author concludes saying that all we need is to fear itself.

Deep Water Extra Questions and Answers Extract Based

Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow:

(Para-1)

My introduction to the Y.M.C.A. swimming pool revived unpleasant memories and stirred childish fears. But in a little while I gathered confidence. I paddled with my new water wings, watching the other boys and trying to learn by aping them. I did this two or three times on different days and was just beginning to feel at ease in the water when the misadventure happened.

Questions :
(a) What does Y.M.C.A. stand for ?
(b) What are narrator’s unpleasant memories and child ish fears ?
(c) After gathering confidence, what did the narrator do ?
(d) What was the misadventure, narrator faced ?
Answers :
(a) Y.M.C.A. stands for “Young Men’s Christian Association’.
(b) Narrators unpleasant memories and childish fears were the moments of his childhood when he was drowned by the powerful waves at the beach of California.
(c) After gathering confidence, the narrator paddled with his new little wings, watching the other boys and trying to learn by aping them.
(d) Narrator faced the misadventure of drowning into the swimming pool when a big bruiser of a boy threw him into the pool just for fun.

(Para-2)

It seemed a long way down. Those nine feet were more like ninety, and before I touched bottom my lungs were ready to burst. But when my feet hit bottom I summoned all my strength and made what I thought was a great spring upwards. I imagined I would bob to the surface like a cork. Instead, I came up slowly. I opened my eyes and saw nothing but water – water that had a dirty yellow tinge to it. I grew panicky. I reached up as if to grab a rope and my hands clutched only at water. I was suffocating. I tried to yell but no sound came out. Then my eyes and nose came out of the water but not my mouth.

Questions :
(a) Nine feet were more than ninety, why ?
(b) What did the narrator do when he reached to the bot-tom ?
(c) What happened when he came upwards ?
(d) What did he try when came outside the water first ?
Answers :
(a) Nine feet were more than ninety because the narrator didn’t know swimming and it was his first experience into the router.
(b) The narrator when reached to the bottom shrouded all his strength and made a great spring upwards, but all in vain.
(c) Though he imagined that he would bob to the surface lice a cork but he came up storoly, saw nothing but water-water with a dirty yellow tinge everywhere.
(d) After outside the water first, he grow panicky tried to grab a rope but clutched only at water, tried to yell but no sound out.

(Para-3)

And then sheer, stark terror seized me, terror that knows no understanding, terror that knows no control, terror that no one can understand who has not experienced it. I was shrieking under water. I was paralysed under water—stiff, rigid with fear. Even the screams in my throat were frozen. Only my heart and the pounding in my head, said that I was still alive.
Questions :
(a) What do you understand by sheer, stark terror ?
(b) Why and how the writer was paralysed ?
(c) How did the narrator come to know that he was alive ?
(d) Name the chapter and it’s writer.
Answers :
(a) Sheer, stark terror here signifies that a terror that is straight, complete and absolutely violent. A terror that can’t be overcome easily.
(b) The writer was paralysed because he was under water as he was thrown by a big boy and nearly drowning and due to fear he was unable to even move his legs and hands.
(c) Feeling the fast heart beats and only the pounding in his head, made him realize that he was still alive.
(d) The chapter’s name is ‘Deep Water’ written by William Douglas.

(Para-4)

The next I remember I was lying on my stomach be-side the pool, vomiting. The chap that threw me in was saying, “But I was only fooling”. Someone said, “The kid nearly died. Be all right now. Let’s carry him to the locker room.”
Several hours later, I walked home. I was weak and trembling. I shook and cried when I lay on my bed. I couldn’t eat that night. For days a haunting fear was in my heart. The slightest exertion upset me, making me wobbly in the knees and sick to my stomach. I never went back to the pool. I feared water, I avoided it whenever I could.
Questions :
(a) What was the chap’s reaction on his deed ?
(b) Why, when laying on the bed, narrator cried ?
(c) What physical problems did he face after recovery ?
(d) How did he take that incident ?
Answers:
(a) The chap who threw him in was simply saying, “But I was only fooling”. He was very normal and taking that fatal incident so ordinarily.
(b) When laying on the bed, narrator cried because he was very weak, trembling and having an intense pain in his stomach.
(c) After recovery, he felt very weak, couldn’t stand as he was trembling, couldn’t eat the food, even the slightest exertion upset him, making him wobbly in the knees and sick to his stomach.
(d) After that incident, he never went back to the pool, he feared water and avoided it whenever he could.

(Para-5)

The experience had a deep meaning for me, as only those who have known stark terror and conquered it can appreciate. In death there is peace. There is terror only in the fear of death, as Roosevelt knew when he said, “All we have to fear is fear itself.” Because I had experienced both the sensation of dying and the terror that fear of it can produce, the will to live somehow grew in intensity.
At last I felt released free to walk the trails and climb the peaks and to brush aside fear.
Questions :
(a) What place that experience had in Douglas’s life ?
(b) What did Roosevelt say ?
(c) What type of experience did Douglas have ?
(d) When did the writer feel released ?
Answers :
(a) That experience had a deep meaning in his life and only those who have known stark terror and conquered it can appreciate.
(b) Roosevelt said, “All we have to fear is fear itself’.
(c) Douglas had the experience of both the sensation of dying and the terror that fear of it can produce.
(d) At last, the writer felt released free to walk the trails and climb the peaks.

Here we are providing A Thing of Beauty Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Flamingo, Extra Questions for Class 12 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-12-english/

A Thing of Beauty Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Flamingo

A Thing of Beauty Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

A Thing Of Beauty Question Answer Question 1.
List Hie things of beauty mentioned in the poem.
Answer:
The sun, the moon, the trees, daffodils, simple sheep, clear rills, the mid forest brake, musk roses and the mighty dead are some of the things of beauty mentioned in the poem.

A Thing Of Beauty Questions And Answers Question 2.
List the things that cause suffering and pain.
Answer:
The things that cause suffering and pain are gloomy days. There is general depression among human beings. There is lack of noble nature. But without the beautiful things, our lives on this earth would have become impossible.

A Thing Of Beauty Question Answers Question 3.
What does the line, ‘Therefore, are we wreathing a flowery band to bind us to earth’ suggest to you?
Answer:
There is so much disappointment and sadness on this earth. There is lack of noble souls. But we are still living on this earth. The poet says that our existence on the earth is possible only due to some things of beauty.

A Thing Of Beauty Extra Questions Question 4.
What makes human beings love life in spite of troubles and sufferings ?
Answer:
On this earth, man’s life is full of depression and disappointment. There is general lack of truly noble people. The shroud of disappointment is spread over human souls. But a thing of beauty makes human beings love life in spite of trouble and sufferings.

A Thing Of Beauty Important Questions Question 5.
Why is ‘grandeur’ associated with the ‘mighty dead’ ?
Answer:
‘Mighty dead’ are those people who sacrificed their lives for the sake of general good of mankind. Now they are lying in their graves. The poet says that on the day of judgement, they will be rewarded by God Himself for their noble deeds. It is this grandeur or dignity that is associated with ’mighty dead’.

Thing Of Beauty Question Answer Question 6.
Do we experience things of beauty only for short moments or do they make a lasting impression on us ?
Answer:
As the title of the poem suggests that a thing of beauty is a joy forever. The poet says that a thing of beauty leaves a lasting impression on our minds. It never passes into nothingness. Whenever we are sad or disappointed, it is a thing of beauty that gives us some sort of joy.

A Thing Of Beauty Short Question Answer Question 7.
What image does the poet use to describe the beautiful bounty of the earth ?
Answer:
The poet says that there are a number of things that make the earth beautiful. These things are like a fountain of immortal drink which is pouring unto us from the heaven’s brink.

A Thing Of Beauty Poem Question Answers Question 8.
Mention any four things of beauty that add joy to our life.
Answer:
The things of beauty that add joy to our life are the sun, the moon, the trees, daffodils, simple sheep, clear rills, the mid forest brake, musk roses and the mighty dead.

Question 9.
Mention any two things which cause pain and suffering.
Answer:
The things that cause suffering and pain are gloomy days. There is general depression among human beings. There is lack of noble nature. But for the beautiful things, our lives on this earth would have become impossible.

Question 10.
Which objects of nature does Keats mention as a thing of beauty ?
Answer:
The things of nature that Keats mentions as things of beauty are the sun, the moon, trees, simple sheep, flowers like daffodils, clear rills and musk roses.

Question 11.
What does a thing of beauty do for us ?
Answer:
It is only because of things of beauty that we are able to live on this earth. Otherwise there is so much grief on this earth that it would have become impossible without things of beauty.

Question 12.
How do beautiful things help us to live life ?
Answer:
The poet says that there is so much pain and suffering on this earth. There is air of general disappointment. The poet says it is only because of things of beauty that we can live on this earth. Otherwise the life on this earth would have become impossible.

Question 13.
What does Keats consider an endless fountain of immortal drink and why does he call its drink immortal ?
Answer:
Keats considers all things of beauty,an endless fountain of immortality. The poet says that there is so much despondence and grief on this earth that but without a thing of beauty our stay on this earth would have become impossible.

Question 14.
According to Keats, what spreads the pall of despondence over our dark spirits ? How is it removed?
Answer:
Keats says that there is general grief on this earth. Man’s life is full of disappointment and sadness. It appears as if a shroud of disappointment is spread over our dark spirits. It is only some or the other things of beauty that removes this pall of despondence.

Question 15.
How can ‘mighty dead’ be things of beauty ?
Answer:
The ‘mighty dead’ are those people who lay their lives for the betterment of mankind. We read their stories and it gives us immense joy. The poet says that these mighty dead be rewarded by God Himself on the day of judgement.

A Thing of Beauty Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Write in brief the summary of this poem.
Answer:
The poet says that it is some thing of beauty that provides joy forever. Then poet lists some things that are source of beauty. He says the sun, the moon, beautiful flowers, young trees and simple sheep are all things of beauty. The poet says that there is so much grief on this earth that the life would become impossible without any thing of beauty. It is something or the other thing of beauty that binds us to the earth.

Then the poet describes about the mighty dead of this earth. These people have laid down their lives for the sake of mankind. The poet says that they will get their due reward on the day of judgement. The poet compares the things of beauty with a fountain pouring out immortal drink from the brink of heaven.

Question 2.
Write in brief the central idea of the poem.
Answer:
In this poem, the poet says that a thing of beauty is a joy forever. He compares a thing of beauty with a bower, where we can enjoy sweet sleep. Then the poet mentions many things of beauty. He says that there is so much grief and sadness on this earth that we can sustain our life only because of the things of beauty.

He compares the things of beauty with ‘an endless fountain of immortal drink pouring unto us from the heaven’s brink’. In this way the poet underlines the fact that we should preserve and take care of the things of beauty. They are joy not for ourselves but also for our coming generations.

A Thing of Beauty Extra Questions and Answers Stanza For Comprehension

Stanza 1

Its loveliness increases, it will never
Pass into nothingness: but will keep
A bower quiet for us, and a sleep
Full of sweet dreams, and health, and quiet breathing.

Questions
(a) Whose loveliness will keep on increasing ?
(b) Identify the phrase which says that ‘it is immortal’.
(c) What is a bower ?
(d) Why do we need sweet dreams, health and quiet breathing in our lives ?
Answers
(a) The loveliness of things of beauty will keep on increasing.
(b) The phrase that says it is immortal is … never passes into nothingness.
(c) It is a quiet and shady place.
(d) We need all these things so that we can enjoy the things of beauty.

Stanza 2

Therefore, on every morrow, are we wreathing
A flowery band to bind us to the earth,
Spite of despondence, of the inhuman dearth
Of noble natures, of the gloomy days,
Of all the unhealthy and o’er-darkened ways
Made for our searching.

Questions
(a) Name the poem and the poet.
(b) What is the flowery band that binds us to the earth ?
(c) What does the poet mean by ‘spite of despondence’ ?
(d) What message is conveyed through these lines ?
Answers
(a) The name of the poem is ‘A Thing of Beauty and its poet is John Keats.
(b) The flowery band here means things of beauty. It is only because of the things of beauty that we can continue to live on this earth.
(c) It means a lot of disappointment and sadness on the
earth.
(d) The message conveyed through these lines is that it is only because of things of beauty that we are able to live on this earth. Otherwise there is so much grief on this earth that it would have become impossible without things of beauty.

Stanza 3

Of all the unhealthy and o’er-darkened ways
Made for our searching: yes, in spite of all,
Some shape of beauty moves away the pall
From our dark spirits.

Questions
(a) Name the poem and the poet.
(b) What is meant by ‘o’er darkened ways’ ?
(c) What does some shape of beauty do ?
(d) What idea is conveyed by these lines ?
Answers
(a) The name of the poem is ‘A Thing of Beauty’ and its poet is John Keats.
(b) The o’er darkened ways’ means the mysterious things that human beings fail to understand.
(c) It removes the shroud of sadness from our spirit.
(d) The poet means to say that only the things of beauty make our life possible on this earth.

Stanza 4

And such too is the grandeur of the dooms
We have imagined for the mighty dead;
All lovely tales that we have heard or read;
An endless fountain of immortal drink,
Pouring unto us from the heaven’s brink.

Questions
(a) Name the poem and the poet.
(b) What have we imagined for the mighty dead ?
(c) Who are these mighty dead ?
(d) What lovely tales does the poet talk of ?
Answers
(a) The name of the poem is A Thing of Beauty’ and its poet is John Keats.
(b) We have imagined that mighty dead would get due reward of their deeds on the day of judgement.
(c) These mighty deads are those persons who have sacrificed their lives for the sake of mankind.
(d) The poet talks of the tales of the bravery of the mighty dead.

Here we are providing Evans Tries an O-level Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Vistas, Extra Questions for Class 12 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-12-english/

Evans Tries an O-level Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Vistas

Evans Tries an O-level Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Evans Tries An O Level Questions And Answers Question 1.
When did the Governor rang up the Secretary of Examination Board and why?
Answer:
It was in early March when the Governor of Oxford , Prison rang up the Secretary of Examination Board that their one of the prisoners Evans wanted to take an O-Level examination in German.

Evans Tries An O Level Question Answers Question 2.
What was Evans known as by the prison officers? What did the Governor decide?
Answer:
The prison officers used to call Evans – Evans the Break. Thrice he had escaped from the prison already. But this time the Governor decided that he would see everything personally.

Evans Tries An O Level Important Questions Question 3.
Who were Jackson and Stephens?
Answer:
Jackson was the senior prison officer on D wing. Stephens was also an officer at the Oxford Prison. He was recently recruited to the profession. How-ever, they both proved good for nothing and used to jump into conclusion very soon without doing any investigation.

Evans Tries An O Level Extra Questions Question 4.
What were the contents of the small suitcase that McLeery carried?
Answer:
The suitcase that McLeery carried had a yellow invigilation paper, a sealed envelope containing the question paper, a copy of the Bible, the newspaper ‘The Church Times’, a paper knife and a small inflated rubber ring. McLerry said that he was suffering from piles and he needed it if he had to sit for some length of time.

Evans Tries An O-Level Question Answers Question 5.
Do you think Evans was really keen to get some sort of academic qualification?
Answer:
No, Evans was not at all keen to get any academic qualification. He pretended to take an O-level examination to escape from the prison. The German teacher, the invigilator, someone at the Examination Board and a fake prison officer were all part of his plan.

Evans Tries An O Level Short Questions And Answers Question 6.
When did the Assistant Secretary, Examination Board ring up the Governor and why?
Answer:
At 9.40 a.m. the Assistant Secretary of the Examination Board rang up the Governor to say that there was a correction slip which some fool had forgotten to place in the examination package.

Evans Tries An O Level Question Answer Question 7.
What did Jackson ask Stephens to take away from Evans’ cell and why?
Answer:
Stephens was asked to take away Evans’ razor which he was going to shave and also his nail file. In fact they didn’t want to leave anything with which Evans could do any mischief.

Evan Tries O Level Question Answer Question 8.
How did the Governor react to the two phone calls he received in quick succession?
Answer:
The Governor received two phone calls in quick succession in the morning. One was from the Examination Board informing him about the correction slip. The second call was from the magistrate’s court asking for the prison van. In fact, both the calls were hoax and part of Evans’ escape plan.

Evans Tries An O-Level Extra Questions And Answers Question 9.
Who was Reverend Stuart McLeery?
Answer:
Reverend Stuart McLeery was a parson. He was appointed by the Examination Board to act as an invigilator for the exam to be conducted in the prison. But in fact the person who came there to invigilate was one of Evans’ accomplices. The real McLeery had been kept tied in his room.

Evans Tries An O-Level Questions And Answers Question 10.
How did the Governor, Oxford Prison describe Evans to the Secretary Examinations Board?
Answer:
The Governor said that Evans was quite a pleasant sort of chap. He had no record of violence. He was one of the stars at the Christmas concert. But he was just a congenital kleptomaniac.

Evans Tries An O Level Questions Question 11.
What seating arrangements were made in Evans’ cell for the examination?
Answer:
Two square tables were placed opposite to each other in the cell. One of the tables was placed nearer the cell door. Then Stephens brought two hard chairs. He placed them in front of each table.

Evans Tries An O Level Extra Questions And Answers Question 12.
What would Stephens see whenever he peeped from the peephole?
Answer:
Whenever Stephens saw through the peephole he found that the scene was much or less the same. Evans, his pen between his lips, sat staring straight in front of him towards the door. And opposite him, McLeery seated slightly askew from the table.

Question Answer Of Evans Tries An O Level Question 13.
What was the scene at the D-wing when Stephens went there after McLeery had left?
Answer:
When Stephens re-entered D Wing, walked to Evans’ cell and opened the peephole, he saw a man was fallen back in Evans’ chair. A grey blanket was slipping from his shoulders and his closely cropped hair were covered with fierce red blood.

Extra Questions Of Evans Tries An O Level Question 14.
What did Evans tell the Governor about the blood on his head?
Answer:
The Governor asked Evans how he got that blood to pour over his head. At this Evans replied that it was a pig’s blood that the person disguised as McLeery brought with him in a little rubber ring. They had got to mix with trisodium citrate to stop it clotting.

Evans Tries An O-Level Summary And Question Answers Question 15.
What kind of a person was Evans?
Answer:
Evans was quite a pleasant sort of fellow. There was no record of violence against him. At prison, he was one of the stars at Christmas concert. But he was a kleptomaniac. The police would often arrest him. But he was very clever. He always managed to escape from prison. Therefore the prison officers would call him ‘Evans the Break’.

Important Questions Of Evans Tries An O Level Question 16.
Did the exam go as scheduled?
Answer:
The exam did not go as scheduled. The exam was scheduled to start at 9.15 a.m. Stephens took some time to frisk McLeery. When the exam was just going to begin, Evans objected Stephens’ presence there in his cells. The Governor asked Stephens to come out of the prison. At last the exam started at 9.25.

Question 17.
Did the clues left behind on the question pa¬per put Evans back in prison again?
Answer:
The injured McLerry said he knew where Evans had gone. He pointed towards the question paper. A photocopied sheet had been carefully and cleverly superimposed over the last but blank page. McLeery said that Evans had gone to Elsfield Way. But the person impersonating McLeery was in fact Evans himself. The clues left on the question paper were to misguide the police.

Question 18.
Where did Evans go?
Answer:
Evans went to a hotel named Golden Lion at Chipping Norton.

Question 19.
Did the injured McLeery help the prison officers to track Evans?
Answer:
The person who pretended to be injured was not McLeery. He was Evans himself. Actually he produced some such clues which were to put the police on the wrong track. Thus, he did not help the prison officers to track Evans.

Question 20.
While we condemn the crime, we are sympa-thetic to the criminal. Is this the reason why prison staff develop a soft corner for those is custody?
Answer:
It is commonly said that we should hate the crime and not the criminal. One may become criminal due to some compulsion. The best way to remove crime from the society is to reform criminals. Harsh punishment often makes the convicts hardened criminals. When a criminal is sent to prison, the prison staff treat him as a human being. The crime committed by him generally becomes a thing of the past. Therefore the prison staff develop a soft corner for those in custody.

Question 21.
Do you agree that between crime and punishment it is mainly a battle of wits?
Answer:
Yes, it is certainly a battle of wits between crime and punishment. The criminals generally prove too smart for the police officers. They generally guess what the next step of the police would be. The same thing happens in the present story. Evans very easily be fools the entire prison staff from the beginning to the end. He escapes under the very nose of the Governor.

Evans Tries an O-level Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1
Who checked McLeery’s suitcase and why? What things had McLeery brought with him?
Answer:
Mcleery’s suitcase was opened by Jackson. The prison people did not have any doubt on McLeery but they thought that innocently he might have brought something which Evans could use to hold him as a hostage. Jackson picked up each envelope in turn, carefully passed his palms along the surfaces and seemed satisfied.

But one of the objects puzzled him the most. It was an inflated ring of about twelve inches circumference. At this, McLeery explained that he was suffering from haemorrhoids and he needed it when he had to sit for some time.

Besides that there were a sealed question-paper envelope, a yellow invigilation form, a special authentication card from the Examination Board, a paper- knife, a Bible and a copy of‘The Church Times’. Jackson took the paperknife from there.

Question 2.
Describe the precautions taken by the prison officers to prevent Evans from escaping?
Answer:
All the measures were taken to prevent Evans from escaping. The governor decided to inspect all the arrangements. The examination was conducted in the prisoner’s cell. It was locked from outside with a heavy lock. A device was placed so that the conversation could be heard. All the objectionable objects of Evans were taken away. Even the invigilator was frisked.

His paper knife was taken away by Jackson. There was a peephole in the door of the cell and Stephens was asked to peep through it every minute. The prison staff wanted to take no chance with Evans. But Evans proved too smart for them. In spite of all these arrangements he managed to escape.

Question 3.
Where did the Governor find Evans? How was he able to locate that place?
Answer:
After a gentle stroll round the centre of Chipping Norton, Evans decided to return to the hotel. He collected his keys from the receptionist and went up the stairs to his room. He unlocked the door and closed it quietly behind him. But he was frozen to the spot when he saw on the bed the very last man in the world he had wanted to see.

That man was the Governor.Evans asked him how he, came to know that he would be in the Golden Lion Hotel. The Governor told him with the help of the correction slip. Then Evans wanted to know how he came to know about the location of the hotel since there would be thousands of the same name. At this, the Governor said that from the Index number 313; centre number 271. When took an Ordnance Survey Map for Oxfordshire, he found the place was in the centre of Chipping Norton.

Question 4.
How far was Stephens helpful for Evans’ escape?
Answer:
Stephens was a newly recruited officer in the prison. He was very particular about showing his efficiency ” in front of the higher authorities. He was especially glad that he was in charge of Evans’ examination. However he forget that to handle such a criminal like Evans could he risky for a novice like him. Evans complained of Stephens’ breathing and got him naturally out of the cell. Once out of the cell, Stephens kept peeping into the cell but soon fed up with.

To show that he was very confident and efficient, he left the cell door to come after short intervals. The short intervals soon became longer and very longer giving time for Evans to dress himself up inside the cell. Stephens was taken to the highest joy when he received the fake call from the Governor to take the invigilator out of the prison. He in his pride took the invigilator out of the prison and made way for Evans’ escape in a wonderful way.

Question 5.
Write a brief character-sketch of the Governor?
Answer:
The Governor was a dutiful officer. He took all precautions for the smooth conduct of the examination. But he was a bit too over-confident. No doubt that the Governor knew a little German and he deduced that Evans tactful be at a hotel Golden Lion. And from the index number and centre number he was able to find out that the hotel would be located at the centre of Chippping Norton.

But instead of going there with full police force he went there alone. He had already seen that Evans had been fooling them since morning. He handed him over to the prison officer whom he had never seen before. It did not occur to him that the prison officer could also be one of Evans accomplices.

And that was exactly the case. As a result, Evans was able to escape once again. So we can say that he was just a good-for-a-giggle, gullible person.

Question 6.
What were the precautions taken for the smooth conduct of the examination?
Answer:
All precautions were taken for the smooth conduct of the examination. The Governor decided to keep a close eye over the whole affair. The examination was conducted in the cell of the prisoner. The door of the cell was locked. The cell was thoroughly searched before the day of examination.

Evans’ nail file, razor and any other thing that could help in his escape was removed from there. The prison officers put a device over the door of the cell so that the Governor could hear all the conversation going during the examination.

Even the invigilator McLeery was thoroughly frisked before the start of the ex¬amination. Stephens was posted outside the cell. He was asked to peep through the peephole to see that everything was going smoothly. However all this arrangements proved futile and Evans managed to escape from prison.

Question 7.
Did the Governor and his staff finally heave a sigh of relief ?
Answer:
The Governor and his staff had a sigh of relief for a few minutes only. After Stephens had escorted McLeery out of the prison gates, he decided to have a look at Evans. He found that a man badly wounded was sitting in Evans chair. He immediately concluded that Evans had run away after hitting McLeery on . his head. He raised alarm and panic spread everywhere.

The wounded McLeery said that he knew where Evans had gone. But the person who pretended to be wounded was not McLeery. He was Evans himself. Actually he produced some such clues which were to put the police on the wrong track. The prison officers thinking him to be McLeeiy provided him ambulance. Thus Evans again escaped from the prison. Thus, there was no relief for the Governor but only trouble.

Question 8.
Reflecting on the story, what did you feel about Evans’ having the last laugh?
Answer:
‘Having the last laugh’ means to have a final victory over one’s rival. By taking the hint from the question paper, the Governor reached the hotel where Evans was and captured him and came to know how he planned his escape and said that his game was over.

Evans surrendered himself to the Governor. The Governor told Evans that they would meet soon. But Evans still had a last card in his ‘ sleeve.The moment the Governor was away, the so called ‘ prison officer-a friend of Evans-unlocked the handcuffs and asked the driver to move fast and Evans told him to turn to Newbury. Evans, thus, has the last laugh.

Question 9.
When Stephens comes back to the cell he jumps to a conclusion and the whole machinery blindly goes by his assumption without even checking the identity of the injured ‘McLeery’. Does this show how hasty conjectures can prevent one from seeing the obvious? How is the criminal able to predict such negligence?
Answer:
Evans was a smart criminal. He had beforehand assessed the weaknesses of the jail officers successfully. Stephens was a new recruit to the prison set up. When he saw the injured McLeery in the cell he at once jumped to the conclusion that Evans had escaped from the prison. He did not even check who he really was and neither did anyone else. It did not occur to anyone to question how there could there be two persons one in the cell and the other who had been escorted out by Stephens.

It was for this very reason that friends of Evans, who, posing as the Governor on the phone, have directed Stephens that he himself should escort the parson out, when the exam is finished. The Governor and his officers, lead Evans out of the prison. The question paper is left behind to mislead the Governor. This shows that Evans type criminals had enough time to study the behaviour patterns of the jail officers and plan their strategy well.

Question 10.
What could the Governor have done to securely bring back Evans to prison when he caught him at the Golden Lion? Does that final act of foolishness really prove that ‘he was just another good-for-a giggle, gullible Governor that was all’?
Answer:
No doubt that the Governor knew a little German and he deduced that Evans could be at a hotel Golden Lion. And from the index number and centre number he was able to find out that the hotel would be located at the centre of Chippping Norton. But instead of going there with full police force, he went there alone. He had already seen that Evans had been fooling them since morning.

He handed him over to the prison officer whom he had never seen before. It did not occur to him that the prison officer could also be one of Evans accomplices. And that was exactly the case. As a result, Evans was able to escape once again. Thus this final act of foolishness of the Governor proved that he was just a good-for- a-giggle, gullible person.

Here we are providing Journey to the end of the Earth Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Vistas, Extra Questions for Class 12 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-12-english/

Journey to the end of the Earth Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Vistas

Journey to the end of the Earth Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Journey To The End Of The Earth Question Answer Class 12 Question 1.
How do geological phenomena help us to know about the history of humankind?
Answer:
Geological phenomena helps us to know more and more about the history of humankind as only through it we come to know about the present, past and future of the Earth. How life was then and gradually how it shaped now. Scientists admit that world’s geological history is trapped under the layers of Antarctica.

Journey To The End Of The Earth Question Answers Class 12 Question 2.
What are the indications for the future of human kind?
Answer:
Deplection of ozone layer, Reforestation, melting of glaciers, and the collapse of ice shelves clearly give the indications for the future of mankind that it is not safe if global warming continues, soon this mankind will banish from the planet ‘Earth’.

Journey To The End Of The Earth Extra Questions And Answers Class 12 Question 3.
‘Akademik Shokalskiy’ was heading towards Antarctica, why?
Answer:
‘Akademik Shokalskiy’, a Russian Vessel was heading towards Antarctica with a troop of 52 peoples, to study and research the history of humankind under the guidance of Canadian Geoff Green.

Journey To The End Of The Earth Important Questions Class 12 Question 4.
Name the programme and its objectives.
Answer:
The programme was ‘Students on Ice’ with the motive to give high school students, the educational opportunity to do the study of Antarctica.

Journey To The End Of The Earth Short Questions And Answers Class 12 Question 5.
After reaching Gondwana, what were their reactions?
Answer:
They were highly exicted as they were at a remote area of the Earth where no mankind could sustain and totally peaceful environment existed, a place without trees, billboards and buildings.

Journey To The End Of The Earth Class 12 Questions And Answers  Question 6.
Gondwana existed before six hundred and fifty million years. Explain.
Answer:
Six hundred and fifty million years ago, a giant amalgamated Southern super continent ‘Gondwana’ did indeed exist, centred roughly around the present- day Antarctica.

Journey To The End Of The Earth Questions And Answers Class 12 Question 7.
How is Antarctica, a subject for debate for environmentalists?
Answer:
Antarctica is always a subject for debate for environmentalists because only Antarctica is undisturbed by human beings, whether it would melt, will the Gulf Stream ocean current be disrupted or will it be the end of the world; such many concerned issues are raised for debate.

Journey To The End Of The Earth Extra Question Answer Class 12 Question 8.
How did they reach Antarctica?
Answer:
They travelled over 100 hours in combination of a car, an aeroplane and a ship. In this way, they reached Antarctica.

Extra Questions Of Journey To The End Of The Earth Class 12 Question 9.
What was wondrous about Antarctica?
Answer:
Expansive white landscape and uninterrupted blue horizon and its immensity and isolation was wondrous about Antarctica.

Question Answer Of Journey To The End Of The Earth Class 12 Question 10.
What is the pretty mind-boggling fact, one can observe?
Answer:
By the study of Antarctica, the fact: India pushing north words, South America driffting off to join North America and many others boggle the mind and produce many imaginations.

Journey To The End Of Earth Question Answer Class 12 Question 11.
What types of sounds can be noticed/heard there?
Answer:
The sound of occasional avalanche or calving of ice sheets can only be heard in Antarctica.

Question 12.
Why Geoff Green started to bring only students to Antarctica?
Answer:
Geoff Green noticed that celebrities and retired rich persons visit Antarctica only for entertainment but the students, who are the future policy-makers, took interest and ready to accept the challenge.

Question 13.
Why Antarctica is the perfect place to study nature?
Answer:
Antarctica is the perfect place to study nature be-cause it has simple ecosystem and lack of biodiversity; above all, it is untouched by human beings.

Question 14.
Why the programme ‘Students on Ice’ became so successful?’
Answer:
The programme became so successful because its impossible to go anywhere near the South Pole and not be affected by it. Through this programme, students got the educational opprotunities.

Question 15.
What is photosynthesis?
Answer:
The process of converting light energy into chemical energy by plants is called photosynthesis.

Question 16.
What various expanses did they cross to reach Antarctica?
Answer:
Nine time zones, six checkpoints, three bodies of water and many ecospheres were crossed by them to reach Antarctica.

Question 17.
What are Geoff Green’s reasons for including high school students in the ‘Students on Ice’ Expedition?
Answer:
Canadian Geoff Green started this programme, ‘Students on Ice’ before six years of writing this chapter. The reasons for including high school students were to provide them most inspiring educational opportunities which would make them aware about the depletion of our ecosystem, create an understanding to save our planet as those teenagers still have an ideology to absorb, learn, and most importantly act.

Question 18.
‘Take care of the small things and the big things will take care of themselves: What is the relevance of this statement in the context of the Antarctic environment?
Answer:
Antarctic, because of her simple ecosystem and lack of biodiversity, is the perfect place to study/tell us how little changes in the environment can have big consequences. Single celled microscopic phytoplankton use the Sun’s energy to do the process of photosynthesis. And any obstacle in this process will affect the lives of all the marine animals and birds of that region, the global carbon cycle. Scientists warn and advise to take care of the small things and the big things will fall into plape.

Question 19.
Why is Antarctica the place to go to, to understand the earth’s present, past and future?
Answer:
Only Antarctica on this earth presently is in its purest and original form as it holds in its ice-cores half million-year-old carbon records trapped in its layers of ice. Antarctica has never sustained a human propulation and therefore remains relatively ‘pristine’ in this respect. So Antarctica is the place to go to understand the Earth’s present, past and future.

Journey to the end of the Earth Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
How did the writer justify the title journey to the end of the earth?
Answer:
The title ‘Journey to the end of the Earth is quite justified by the writer ‘Tishani Dosi’ through this chapter. A visit to Antarctica thrilled the whole troop and made them realized that Antarctica is the world’s coldest, driest and windiest continent. Their visit seemed to be very fruitful because without reaching there physically, one can’t experience the immensity and importance of Antarctica and its great role in balancing the ecosystem.

Writer found Antarctica still undisturbed by human beings and tried to understand where we’ve come from and where we could possibly be heading; through the deep study of this island. Writer presumed that without controlling the rapidly increasing global warming; we can’t stop the melting of ice specially glaciers and as it is known that Antarctica covers 90 per cent of the Earth’s ice, its sustainment is mandatory. Or in near future, Antarctica would be responsible (if not ceased the global warming) for the ruination of the Earth’s lives and in this way, the end of the Earth would be brought by Antarctica.

Question 2.
Describe the journey to the Antarctica by the Vessel ‘Akademik Shokalskiy’.
Answer:
The journey starts with a troop of 52 peoples under the guidance of experienced Canadian Geoff Green, an educator and adventurer. He started the mission ‘Students on Ice’ to aware the teenagers about the present need of the escapement of Antarctica. Akademik Shokalskiy, a Russian Vessel headed towards the coldest, driest and windiest continent in the world: Antarctica.

Journey began 13.09 degress North of the equator in Madras, and involved crossing nine time zones, six checkpoints, three bodies of water, and at least as many ecospheres. They trevelled over 100 hours in combination of a car, an aeroplane and a ship and finally they reached to view Antarctica’s expansive white landscape and uninterrupted blue horizon where immensity and isolation made them wondorous and tireless.

Question 3.
‘Take care of small things and big will take care of themselves’. What is the relevance of this statement in the context of the Antarctica?
Answer:
The small things are having their own importance at their own place. Small things are combined produce their effect on big things. As phytoplankton are very tiny single-celled plants, but they nourish and sustain the entire Southern Ocean’s food proceedings, s Phytoplankton is the grass of Southern Ocean and 1 through the process of photosynthesis, they convert light energy into the chemical energy and supply food and provide oxygen to all the marine life (animals and birds). So very tiny plants are responsible for the survival of the life.

But global warming can affect the activity of these plants and also the whole ecosystem of the Earth. Sun’s energy is used to assimilate carbon and synthesize organic compounds by these plants. The rapidly increasing depletion of the Ozone layer will surely adversely affect this natural system. By any means, the depletion should be stopped to preserve our ecological balance and save whole mankind and all creatures from extinction. So, opening our eyes, we should take care of little things to care the big things automatically and naturally.

Question 4.
‘A lot can happen in a million years, but what a difference a day makes’. Explain.
Answer:
The author with a troop of 52 peoples visited the Earth’s coldest, driest and windiest continent of the world i.e. Antarctica where she was highly exicted finding the untouched, unhumane land without trees, billboards and buildings. The history of the world started from Antarctica itself and the secret of evolution and extinction can be studied through the study of Antarctica.

There is a prompt need to aware ourselves with this reality that if we’ve to save the mankind from extinction, we need to save the nature and Antartica is the best place for this purpose because it is covering 90 per cent of the Earth’s ice and hiding, under its layers, the mystery of the world. Writer spent two weeks with a group of teenagers under the leadership of Canadion Geoff Green, and after assuming the need of action, said, that a lot could happen in a million years, but what a difference a day makes.

Question 5.
Geoff Green, a Canadian explorer and educator started to include high school students on the expedition ‘Students on Ice’. Explain why?
Answer:
Geoff Green, who, since -the starting, started to include celebrities, retired rich, curiosity-seekers to the Antarctica but they remained unhappy and dis-satisfied and also those men in power and position did not understand the problems facing mankind. They never gave any response in return and didn’t seem worried about the ecology.

Geoffs efforts remained futile and totally time wastage could be noticed. Geoff, then started to inculude the learners, willing persons and school students for the mission and it was also an opportunity for beginners to study more and more about our planet and ecosystem. These youngsters seem ready to absorb, learn and act immediately.

They realize the threat of global warming and can actually do something as they are the future policy-makers and also expected to act and solve the environmental problems. Thus, the expedition/movement started to give its results in a positive manner and people seemed to be aware for global warming.

Question 6.
‘The world’s geological history is trapped in Antarctica.’ How is the study of this region useful to us?
Answer:
The study of Antarctica is useful to us in very mysterious and revealing way. Six hundred and fifty million years ago, ‘Gondwana’ a super continent existed, centred roughly around the present day Antarctica. The climate was much warmer, hosting a huge variety of flora and fauna. For 500 million years Gondwana thrived.

Around the time, the landmass was forced to separate into countries, shaping the globe much as we know it today. A grasp of where we’ve come from and where we could possibly be heading; the evolution and extinction, can easily be understood through the study of this region.

Here we are providing On the face of It Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Vistas, Extra Questions for Class 12 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-12-english/

On the face of It Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Vistas

On the face of It Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

On The Face Of It Question Answers Class 12 Question 1.
What is the bond that unites the two, Mr Lamb and Derry? How does Mr Lamb inspire the boy?
Answer:
Mr Lamb and Derry are suffering from the same sort of physical impairment. Mr Lamb does not have one leg while Derry’s face is burnt from one side. They both are feeling lonely. No one ever comes to see Mr Lamb and people have spread many stories about him. People look at awe at Derry’s face and generally avoid him. Thus they both are suffering from common problems. This bond unites Mr Lamb and Derry.

On The Face Of It Extra Question Answers Class 12 Question 2.
Who is Mr Lamb?
Answer:
Mr Lamb is an old man. He is retired from the army. He has lost one of his legs in a bomb blast. He lives alone in a house that has a garden. No one ever comes to visit him. Kids call him Lamey Lamb. People have spread stories about him.

On The Face Of It Question Answer Class 12 Question 3.
What peculiar things does Derry notice about the old man, Lamb?
Answer:
Mr Lamb is retired from the army. He leaves his doors always open. Everybody is welcomed in his garden. There are no curtains on his windows. These are quite peculiar things for Derry.

On The Face Of It Important Questions Class 12 Question 4.
What physical impairment is Mr Lamb suffering from?
Answer:
Mr Lamb lost one of his legs in a war. There is a tin leg in its place. The children would mockingly call him ‘Lamey Lamb’. Also, no one ever comes to see him. People have spread many stories about him.

On The Face Of It Questions And Answers Class 12 Question 5.
Why had Derry come to the garden?
Answer:
Derry had thought it was an empty place and no one lived there. He wanted to see what kind of place it was. He had no mind to steal any apple.

On The Face Of It Class 12 Questions And Answers Question 6.
In what sense is the friendship between Mr Lamb and Derry fruitful?
Answer:
The friendship between Mr Lamb and Derry proved quite fruitful for both of them. Mr Lamb instils self confidence in the young boy. While the young boy’s company helps Mr Lamb to ward off his loneliness.

On The Face Of It Short Question Answer Class 12 Question 7.
Why does Derry say people are afraid of him?
Answer:
Derry says people look at his face and call it a terrible thing. They call it the ugliest thing they ever saw. Therefore according to Derry, people are afraid of him.

On The Face Of It Extra Questions Class 12 Question 8.
Why does Derry tell Mr Lamb that he is afraid of seeing himself in the mirror in the play, ‘On the Face of It’?
Answer:
One side of Derry’s face is burnt. Acid had fallen on this side. His face looked very ugly. People would always keep on reminding of his face. Therefore Derry tells Mr Lamb that he is afraid of seeing himself in the mirror.

On The Face Of It Questions Class 12 Question 9.
How does Mr Lamb try to remove the baseless fears of Derry?
Answer:
Mr Lamb tells Derry that he, like others, has two eyes, two ears, two legs, two arms, brain and a tongue. He can do or achieve whatever he likes. In this way Mr Lamb tries to remove baseless fears of Derry.

On Face Of It Question Answers Class 12 Question 10.
What did Derry’s mother think of Mr Lamb?
Answer:
Derry’s mother did not have any good opinion about Mr Lamb. She considered him to be a worthless man. She thought that Mr Lamb’s talk was all nonsense. She did not want Derry to go there.

On The Face Of It Long Question Answers Class 12 Question 11.
How does Mr Lamb react when Derry enters his garden?
Answer:
Mr Lamb welcomes Derry in his garden. He only asks him to mind crab apples lest he should trip. When Derry wants to run away from there Mr Lamb says that he need not go. Everyone is welcomed to come in his garden.

On The Face Of It Summary And Important Questions Class 12 Question 12.
What kind of garden does Mr Lamb have? Why does he like it?
Answer:
Mr Lamb has a garden-outside his house. It has flowers, grass, trees arid bees. He likes every inch of his garden. He has positive attitude of mind. For him even weeds in his garden are living things. He likes humming of bees. He passes his time by making jam from the crab apples. Thus, he remains busy due to his garden. Therefore, he likes it very much.

On The Face Of It Class 12 Important Questions Question 13.
What does Derry hear people talking down the downstairs?
Answer:
He hears people talking about him and saying, “What will he ever do? What is going to happen to him when we are gone? How will he get on in this world with that face?”

Question 14.
What realisation comes to Derry about his face at the end of the play?
Answer:
At the end of the play, Derry realises that external looks do not matter much. The only thing matters is the person’s worth. He decides now he would not care about anybody. He will care about what he feels, thinks or hears.

On the face of It Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Narrate the first meeting between Mr Lamb and Derry?
Answer:
The first meeting between Mr Lamb and Derry takes place in Mr Lamb’s garden. A teenager named Derry comes into the garden. He thinks that no one is in the garden. But then he hears Mr Lamb’s voice,” “Mind the apples.” Derry is startled to hear that voice. He has thought that no one was there in the garden. He wants to run way from there but Mr Lamb says that he is most welcomed in the garden.

Derry sits beside Mr Lamb. They have heart to heart talk. They thoroughly enjoy each other’s company. Mr Lamb has been retired from the army. One of his legs had been blown due to a bomb blast. Nobody comes to visit him. People have spread many stories about him. Children mockingly call him ‘Lamey Lamb’. The condition of Derry is also not much different. One side of his face is burnt due to acid.

Question 2.
Why do you think Derry is so pessimistic? How does Mr Lamb give solace to the boy?
Answer:
One side of Derry’s face is burnt due to acid. People look at him in awe. They say that it is the ugliest’ thing that they have ever seen. Derry feels afraid of him when he sees himself in the mirror. He has become highly pessimistic. He knows even his mother doesn’t love him truly. She just fulfils her duty as a mother.

Therefore, she never kisses him on the burnt side of his face; she would always kiss on the other side of his face.But Lamb gives the boy great solace and inspiration. He tells him he is not handicapped like him. He has two legs, two eyes, two ears and two hands. He can do anything in life. He also advises him to have optimistic approach in life.

Question 3.
What lesson of life does Mr Lamb tell Derry? What effect it has on him?
Answer:
Mr Lamb has lost one of his legs in a war. He tells Derry he is not handicapped like him. He has two legs, two eyes, two ears and two hands. He can do anything in life. He also advises him to have optimistic approach in life. Then he starts explaining Derry about his own approach towards life. He says every¬thing interests him that is created by God.

He says that people say the bees buzz but according to him . they hum. According to Lamb, every growing thing has life in it. For him even weeds are important. He tells Derry that it’s not what he looks like; it’s what he is inside. This makes Derry understand that beauty is only skin deep. He understands that he is not inferior to anybody. He can do whatever he likes.

Question 4.
How did Mr Lamb’s meeting with Derry become a turning point in Derry’s life?
Answer:
Mr Lamb’s meeting with Derry indeed proved to be. a turning point in a young boy’s life. One side of Derry’s face was burnt due to acid. People looked at him in awe. They would say that it was the ugliest thing that they have ever seen. Derry felt afraid of him when he saw himself in the mirror. He had become highly pessimistic. He knew even his mother didn’t love him truly. She would just fulfil her duty as a mother. Therefore, she never kissed him on the burnt side of his face; she would always kiss on the other side of his face.

But Lamb gave the boy great solace and inspiration. He told him he was not handicapped like him. He had two legs, two eyes two ears and two hands. He could do anything in life. He also advised him to have optimistic approach in life. Thus, this meeting proved to be a turning point in Derry’s life. Now he doesn’t care what others say.

Question 5.
How did Mr Lamb try to give courage and confidence to Derry?
Answer:
Mr Lamb was retired from the army. He had lost one of his legs due to bomb blast. He met Derry for the first time in his garden. One side of Derry’s face is burnt due to acid. As a result, Derry had become quite pessimistic in his life. But Mr Lamb told him he was not handicapped like him. He had two legs, two eyes, two ears and two hands. He could do anything in life. He also advised him to have optimistic approach in life. Then he started explaining Derry about his own approach towards life.

He said everything interested him that was created by God. He said that people would say the bees buzz but according to him, they hum. According to Lamb, every growing thing had life in it. For him, even weeds were important. He told Derry that it was not what he looked like; it was what he was inside. Now Derry came to understand that beauty is only skin deep.

Question 6.
Both Derry and Lamb are victims of physical impairment, but much more painful for them is the feeling of loneliness. Comment.
Answer:
If a person is constantly reminded of his physical impairment, he will feel a great mental pain. This pain is much more than the pain of actual physical impairment. The same thing is with Derry and Lamb, One side of Derry’s face has been burnt due to acid. People look at him with a sense of fear or shock. They would say that it is a terrible thing. Some would show sympathy towards him. A woman looks at him and says, “That it is a face only a mother could love.” It will give Derry a great pain. Even the people at his own home don’t treat him well.

They think him to be a burden. Even his mother would not kiss him on the burnt side. She would always kiss him on the other side. Derry is deeply hurt at all this. He wants to run away from his house. Lamb has lost one of his legs due to bomb blast. Nobody ever comes to meet him. Children mockingly call him ‘Lamey Lamb’. Thus for both of them the more painful is the feeling of loneliness.

Question 7.
Derry sneaked into Mr Lamb’s garden and it became a turning point in his life. Comment.
Answer:
Mr Lamb’s meeting with Derry indeed proved to be a turning point in a young boy’s life. One side of Derry’s face was burnt due to acid. People looked at him in awe. They would say that it was the ugliest thing that they have ever seen. Derry felt afraid of him when he saw himself in the mirror. He had become highly pessimistic. He knew even his mother didn’t love him truly.

She would just fulfil her duty as a mother. Therefore she never kissed him on the burnt side of his face; she would always kiss on the other side of his face. But Lamb gave the boy great solace and inspiration. He told him he was not handicapped like him. He had two legs, two eyes two ears and two hands. He could do anything in life. He also advised him to have optimistic approach in life. Thus this meeting proved to be a turning point in Derry’s life. Now he doesn’t care what others say.

Question 8.
Who is Mr Lamb? How does Derry get into his garden?
Answer:
Mr Lamb is an old man. He is retired from the army. He has lost his one leg in the war. Now, a tin leg has been there in place of his original leg. People have spread many stories about him. Hardly anyone comes to see him. He is living a lonely life. The children in the street call him Lamey-Lamb. His house has a lovely garden. Mr Lamb always keeps the gate of his garden open.

Everyone is welcomed in his garden. Derry does not come into the garden by the gate, instead he climbs over the garden wall. He does not want that anyone should notice his entry. Therefore, he climbs over the garden wall. The second thing is one part of his face is burnt due to acid. He does not want that anyone should notice his ugly face and run away.

Question 9.
What is it that draws Derry towards Mr Lamb in spite of himself?
Answer:
Both Derry and Mr Lamb are suffering from the same sort of problem. Mr Lamb is living a lonely life. He has lost one of his legs in a war. People have spread many stories about him. The children would mock at him and call him ‘Lamey Lamb’. No one comes to see him.

The condition of Derry is not much different. Half side of his face has been burnt with acid. People would look at him with awe. They would say what he would do in his life. Even Derry thinks that members of his own family avoid him.

When the two, Mr Lamb and Derry, meet with each other, they have heart to heart talking. Mr Lamb talks to him lovingly. He says that all the living things are beautiful. He also encourages Derry by saying that since he has two legs, two hands two ears, two eyes and two hands, he can do anything. It is by such words of encouragement that Derry is drawn towards Mr Lamb.

Question 10.
In which section of the play does Mr Lamb display signs of loneliness and disappointment? What are the ways in which Mr Lamb tries to overcome these feelings?
Answer:
At the end of the first scene Mr Lamb shows signs of loneliness and disappointment. He says that everyone says that they will come but no one ever comes back. This shows how much loneliness that old man feels. It is natural because people have spread many stories about him. No one comes to see him. The children would mock at him calling him, ‘Lamey- Lamb’.

He finds in Derry a good friend. They have heart to heart chat for long hours. Derry goes away saying that he will soon come. He feels like others Derry would also not come. He tries to overcome his feelings of loneliness by watching, listening and thinking. He had no curtains on his windows since he loves to have natural light. He finds no difference between flowers, trees, herbs and weeds. It is by such thoughts that he tries to overcome his loneliness and disappointment.

Question 11.
The actual pain or inconvenience caused by a physical impairment is often much less than the sense of alienation felt by the person with disabilities. What is the kind of behaviour that the person expects from others?
Answer:
If a person is constantly reminded of his physical impairment, he will feel a great mental pain. This pain is much more than the pain of actual physical impairment. The same-thing happens in Derry’s case. One side of his face has been burnt due to acid. People look at him in a sense of fear or shock. They would say that it is a terrible thing.

Some would show sympathy towards him. A woman looks at and says, “That it is a face only a mother could love.” It will give Derry a great pain. Even the people at his own home don’t treat him well. They think him to ‘ be a burden. Even his mother would not kiss him on the burnt side. She would always kiss him on the other side. Derry is deeply hurt at all this. He wants to run away from his house.

Question 12.
Will Derry get back to his old seclusion or will Mr Lamb’s brief association effect a change in the kind of life he will lead in the future?
Arts.
There is little chance of Derry going back to his old seclusion. Now he has gained a lot of self-confidence. Mr Lamb has told him that like every other person Derry has two eyes, two legs, two hands, two ears and two hands. He can do anything he likes. Derry has been a very pessimistic boy. But Mr Lamb gives him a lot of confidence.

His words of encouragement bring about a total change in the attitude and perspective of Derry towards life. Now he does not care about how he looks like. Now he wants to live life in his own way. Therefore he decides to leave his home and live with Mr Lamb. He understands that beauty is only skin deep.

Here we are providing Footprints without Feet Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English Footprints Without Feet, Extra Questions for Class 10 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-10-english/

Footprints without Feet Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 Footprints Without Feet

Footprints without Feet Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Footprints Without Feet Extra Questions Question 1.
Why were the two boys in London surprised and fascinated?
Answer:
The two boys in London saw fresh muddy footprints appearing on the steps of a house but the barefooted man was not visible. So, they were surprised and fascinated.

Footprints Without Feet Extra Question Answer Question 2.
What did Griffin do inside the store?
Answer:
Griffin broke open the boxes and wrappers and dressed himself in warm clothes. He ate and drank to his heart’s content. In the end, he laid down on the pile of quilts to sleep.

Footprints Without Feet Class 10 Extra Questions Question 3.
What did Griffin do in the shop of a theatrical company?
Answer:
He wore bandages round his forehead and put on dark glasses, a false nose, big bushy side whiskers and a large hat. He attacked the shopkeeper from behind and robbed him of all his money.

Extra Questions Of Footprints Without Feet Question 4.
What was the “curious episode” that took place in the clergyman’s study?
Answer:
One morning, the clergyman and his wife were awakened by noise. They saw no person. They were shocked to find that their money had been stolen from the desk.

Footprints Without Feet Short Question Answer Question 5.
The landlord’s wife was convinced that Griffin was an “eccentric scientist”. What made her think of Griffin in these terms?
Answer:
Griffin remained indoors and did not mix up with others. His habits were strange and his appearance was fantastic. All these things of Griffin made the landlady think that he was an “eccentric scientist.

Footprints Without Feet Question Answer Question 6.
Griffin was rather a lawless person. Pick out instances which prove that he was lawless.
Answer:
He set fire to a house which didn’t belong to him. He tools away clothes without paying for them. He hit a shopkeeper and stole his money.

Footprints Without Feet Important Question Answers Question 7.
What did the scientist do when he became furious? Why were the people in the bar horrified? What happened to the constable?
Answer:
The scientist took off his bandages and spectacles and became headless. The people in the bar were shocked to see a headless man. Griffin hit the constable Jaffers hard and made him senseless.

Footprints Without Feet Extra Questions And Answers Question 8.
How do you assess Griffin as a scientist?
Answer:
Griffin was a brilliant scientist. He invented some drugs and made himself as an invisible person. But he misused his scientific discovery and became a lawless person. Griffin was, thus not a true scientist.

Footprints Without Feet Important Questions Question 9.
Why did the landlord want to eject Griffin? Why did Griffin set the house on fire?
Answer:
The landlord wanted to eject Griffin from his house because his activities were whimsical. Griffin set the house on fire to take his revenge on the landlord.

Class 10 English Chapter 5 Footprints Without Feet Extra Questions Question 10.
Who was Mr Jaffers? What was his surprise?
Answer:
Mr JafFers was a police constable. His surprise was that he was ordered to arrest a lawless person who was totally invisible.

Class 10 Footprints Without Feet Extra Questions Question 11.
Why were they surprised when they opened the room?
Answer:
Both the clergyman and his wife were surprised because the room was empty. They searched everywhere but couldn’t find anyone. Yet the desk had been opened and the housekeeping money was missing.

Extra Questions From Footprints Without Feet Question 12.
What did the scientist do when Mrs Hall confronted him?
Answer:
When Mrs Hall confronted the scientist he threatened her and threw off his bandages, whiskers, spectacles, and even the nose in a minute. The people were horrified to see the headless man.

Question 13.
How did Griffin escape?
Answer:
Griffin began throwing off his bandages, whiskers, spectacles and even the nose. Then he became even more invisible by throwing off all the garments one after another. There followed a male and none knew where he was.

Question 14.
Do you think Griffin’s discovery was of any use to humanity?
Answer:
No, Griffin’s discovery, through remarkable, was of no use to anyone except himself. He began robbing money and other things and even assaulting people after he became invisible.

Footprints without Feet Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
‘Brilliant scientist though he was, Griffin was a lawless person. Does this statement approve the apprehension that science in wrong hands is Devil’s Pandora Box?
Answer:
Griffin was a brilliant scientist. He had discovered a rare drug that could make a human body invisible. This made Griffin an arrogant lawless person. He broke the law more them once but never for a good reason. He could dedicate his discovery to his country but he didn’t do that. His lawlessness made the law helpless. All his actions prove that science in devil’s hand is disastrous.

Question 2.
‘Griffin could use his discovery for welfare of the people but misuses it to take revenge.’ Discuss with reference with the story Footprints without Feet.
OR
Do you think Griffin misused a scientific discovery or he took advantages of his discovery?
OR
Griffin misused his invention, instead of using it for the betterment of the society. Do you think moral values are important along with intellectual abilities? Discuss.
Answer:
Griffin was a scientist who had made a discovery due to which’he could be invisible. But he was rather a lawless scientist, who misused a scientific discovery for his petty, selfish gains. He set his landlord’s house on fire, when he asked him to vacate it. He entered the store invisible, stole clothes and food.

At another shop, he attacked the shopkeeper from behind and ran away after robbing his money. , At Iping, he stole the clergyman’s money from his desk and hit Mrs Hall by throwing a chair on her. He hurled blows on the police constable Mr Jaffers and knocked him down. In this way, Griffin misused his scientific discovery without making benefit to the mankind.

Question  3.
The modem world has created great scientific inventions. But very often these inventions are more misused than used for the benefit of man. Griffin had made wonderful discovery; but be used it for unlawful means. Write a paragraph on “Science is being more misused than used”.
Answer:
Science is being more misused than used. The present time is highly dependent on science and technology. In the 21st century, survival without gadgets and electronics is unimaginable. But there are various instances where science is being misused to create panic and terror in the society.

Scientific experiments on various deadly disease are let out to cause mass destruction. Technology is used more for warfare purpose, to kill and to terrorize. The resulting products of science have been valuable to human society and have greatly raised the quality of life. But they have also led to the growth of means to destroy human society.

Question  4.
“Scientific discoveries have made life easier but insecure.” Explain with reference to the story ‘Footprints without Feet’ written by H.G. Wells.
Answer:
There is no doubt that scientific discoveries have made life easier. Take any sphere of human activity, electricity, telecommunications, electronics, computer, etc, these have totally changed man’s life. We can interact and walk on moon. Trip to Mars is next on our agenda. We can fly like birds. Supersonic planes fly at more than the speed of sound. Wonderful drugs can overcome deadly diseases.lSurgery can replace defective limbs.

Despite all these discoveries, human life is becoming insecure. Weapons of mass destruction are a constant danger. The fear of chemical, or biological warfare looms large. Diseases like AIDS and SARS can destroy human race.

Question  5.
“A lawless scientist is a curse to the society.” Discuss.
Answer:
It is true, that a lawless scientist is a curse to the society. A true scientist uses his discoveries for the good of the society and welfare of the people. It helps the nations to progress. A lawless scientist increases the miseries and sufferings of society. In this story, we find how Griffin misuses his discovery.

He causes pain and suffering to others. He causes destruction. Suppose the nuclear weapons fall in the hands of a lawless scientist, he can cause widespread destruction. He may ruin the achievements of other scientists. That’s why the leaders of the world are worried about chemical weapons falling into the hands of lawless heads of governments or terrorists. If this happens, all the scientists of the world will be doomed.

Question 6.
How did the invisible man first become visible?
Answer:
Griffin was completely invisible until he happened to step in some mud, which caused him to leave footprints as he walked. Two boys noticed these footprints and followed him as long as the prints were visible. Griffin, after getting rid of them, went into a big London store to put on some warm clothes. After the store was shut, he got himself dressed in an overcoat and a wide-brimmed hat. He also put on a pair of shoes. This made him visible to the people who came to work at the store the next day.

Question 7.
Why was he wandering the streets?
Answer:
Griffin was a lawless person. His landlord disliked him and tried to get rid of him. In revenge, Griffin set fire to his house. He had to remove his clothes to get away without being noticed. This was why he had become a homeless wanderer—without clothes and money.

Question 8.
Why does Mrs Hall find the scientist eccentric?
Answer:
The arrival of a stranger at an inn in winter was in itself a strange occurrence. In addition, the stranger had an uncommon appearance. Inspite of Mrs Hall’s repeated attempts to be friendly, he would respond in a closed manner. He told her that he had no desire to talk and wanted to live in solitude. He did not wish to be disturbed in his work. For all these strange reasons, she regarded him as an eccentric scientist.

Question 9.
What curious episode occurs in the study?
Answer:
A clergyman and his wife were awakened by some strange noises in the study very early in the morning. Creeping downstairs, they heard the chink of money being taken from the clergyman’s desk. He and his wife looked under the desk and behind the curtains, and even up the chimney. There wasn’t a sign of anybody. Yet the desk had been opened and the housekeeping money was missing.

Question 10.
What other extraordinary things happened at the Inn?
Answer:
The landlord and his wife were surprised to see the door of the scientist’s room open. Usually it is shut and locked and Griffin becomes furious if anyone enters his room. So they did not want to miss this opportunity. They peeped round the door, and finding nobody inside, decided to enter and investigate. The bedclothes were cold, showing that the scientist must have been up for some time now. All of a sudden Mrs Hall heard a sniff close to her ear. A moment later that hat on the bed suddenly leapt up and dashed itself onto her face.

Then the bedroom chair became alive. Springing into the air, it charged straight at her legs. As she and her husband turned away in terror, the extraordinary chair pushed them both out of the room and then appeared to slam and lock the door after them. Mrs Hall almost fell down the stairs in hysterics. She was, by now, convinced that the room was haunted by spirits and the stranger had somehow caused these to enter into the furniture.

Question 11.
“Griffin was rather a lawless person.” Comment.
Answer:
It is rightly said that Griffin was a lawless person. A person who follows law and order of the country can not think of damaging other’s property. But Griffin set fire to the house and became a homeless wanderer. He also robbed a shopkeeper of all the money he could find. He also stole the housekeeping money from the clergyman’s desk. Griffin also attacked Mrs Hall when she entered his room. All these activities and instances prove that he was not a law abiding citizen.

Question 12.
How would you access Griffin as a scientist?
Answer:
After repeated experiments, Griffin had discovered how to make the human body invisible. This was a big achievement. However, he misused his discovery for personal gains and for hurting others. Thus, though he can be termed as a brilliant scientist, he was not a noble one.

Question 13.
Would you like to become invisible? What advantages and disadvantages do you foresee, if you did?
Answer:
Yes, I would like to become invisible. It would be fun. I would be able to see everyone without being seen. I would be able to enjoy all activities. I may go to movie hall without paying for it. I would also help the police in nabbing the criminals. But being invisible would be a disadvantage also. I will be able to see all but nobody would see me. I will not get any recognition for my work.

Here we are providing Memories of Childhood Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Vistas, Extra Questions for Class 12 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-12-english/

Memories of Childhood Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Vistas

Memories of Childhood Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

The Cutting of My Long Hair

Memories Of Childhood Question Answer Class 12 Question 1.
What does this chapter tell us about the weather in the land of apples on the very first day?
Answer:
Zitkala-Sa unfolds that the first day in the land of apples was a bitter cold one; for the snow still covered the ground, and the trees were bare.

Extra Question Answer Of Memories Of Childhood Class 12 Question 2.
How were the Indian girls dressed? Why did Zitkala feel sinking in the floor?
Answer:
The Indian girls were in stiff shoes and closely clinging dresses. The small girls wore sleeved aprons and singled hair. It appeared very immodest to Zitkala. She felt sinking in the floor because her blanket had been stripped off from her shoulders.

Memories Of Childhood Class 12 Questions And Answers  Question 3.
Who was Judewin? What did she tell Zitkala?
Answer:
Judewin was a friend of Zitkala. She knew a little English. She had overheard the white woman saying that they would shingle Zitkala’s long, heavy hair. She said that Zitkala had to submit to them.

Memories Of Childhood Important Questions Class 12 Question 4.
What had Zitkala’s mother told her about the tradition regarding hair in their tribe?
Answer:
Zitkala’s mother had told her that only unskilled warriors who were captured had their hair shingled by the enemy. Among her tribe, short hair were worn by mourners and shingled hair by cowards.

Memories Of Childhood Short Question Answer Class 12 Question 5.
Where did Zitkala hide herself to save her hair?
Answer:
Zitkala hid herself in a big room. The windows were covered with dark green curtains, which made the room very dim. No one was there in the room. She crawled under a bed and huddled herself in the dark corner.

Memories Of Crossgates School Question Answer Class 12 Question 6.
How were Zitkala-Sa’s long hair shingled?
Answer:
Women and girls entered the room where Zitkala-Sa was hiding. She was dragged out. She resisted and cried aloud. They tied her fast in a chair. She was shaking her head all the while until she felt the cold blades of the scissors against her neck. Thus her hair were shingled.

Class 12 English Memories Of Childhood Question Answers Question 7.
At the dining table why did Zitkala-Sa begin to cry when others start eating?
Answer:
At the dining table all the others started eating us¬ing knife and fork. But Zitkala began to cry. She found eating by formula a very hard trial for her.

Memories Of Childhood Question Answers Class 12 Question 8
How did Zitkala-Sa’s first day in the land of apples begin?
Answer:
The first day in the land of apples was very cold. Zitkala saw. that the Indian people were bearing tight clinging clothes which appeared very immodest to her. At the dining table, she began crying since she could not eat with knife and fork. And in the end her hair were shingled.

We Too are Human Beings

Memories Of Childhood Summary And Important Questions Class 12 Question 9.
How long would it take Bama to reach her home?
Answer:
It was actually possible to walk the distance in ten minutes from Bama’s school to her home. But, usu¬ally it would take her thirty minutes at the very least to reach home. Many interesting things would tether her feet to the ground.

Memories Of Childhood Questions And Answers Class 12 Question 10.
What did she see one day when she came from school?
Answer:
One day, when she came to her street she saw at the opposite corner a threshing floor had been set up, and the landlord watched the proceedings, seated on a piece of sacking spread over a stone ledge. The people of her community were hard at work, driving cattle in pairs, round and round to tread out the grain from the straw.

Memories Of Childhood Ncert Solutions Class 12 Question 11.
What scene made Bama laugh loudly?
Answer:
Bama saw an elder of her street came along from the direction of the bazaar. He was carrying a small packet in his hands. Bama guessed there was something like vadais in the packet. Bama wanted to laugh loudly when she saw this. He was holding out the packet by its string, without touching it. She thought that in this manner, the packet could be undone and all the contents would fall out.

Question Answer Of Memories Of Childhood Class 12 Question 12.
When Bama did come to know about the social discrimination towards her community?
Answer:
Bama came to know about it when she was just a school going girl. She saw an elder of their commu¬nity carrying a packet of vadais from its string. She thought that in this manner, the packet could be un done and the whole contents would be spilt out. But her brother told her that the reason for that was that the person for whom that snacks brought belonged to high caste and he thought that the very touch of any from their community would pollute him.

Important Questions Of Memories Of Childhood Class 12 Question 13.
What advise did Annan give to Bama?
Answer:
Annan advised Bama that she should study with care and learn all. Then the people would come to her of their own accord and attach themselves to her. These words of Annan made a deep impression on her.

Childhood Memories Question Answers Class 12 Question 14.
Why did the landlord’s man ask Bama’s brother on which street he lived? What was the significance?
Answer:
The people of the community to which Bama be longed were segregated and lived in a particular street. The landlord’s man wanted to ascertain the caste of Bama’s brother. Therefore he asked him on which street he lived.

Memories of Childhood Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

The Memories Of Childhood Question Answers Class 12 Question 1.
Explain in detail Zitkala’s experience at the land of apples?
Answer:
It was bitterly cold on the first day at the land of apples. A large bell rang for breakfast. There was annoying clatter of shoes on the floor. An elderly white woman came up after them. She saw Indian (Native-Americans) girls in stiff shoes and closely clinging dresses. It appeared quite immodest to her. While the boys entered from the other door.

They all were marched for the breakfast.A small bell was tapped and all the students drew a chair from under the table. Zitkala thought they were perhaps going to sit. She also sat down but she found that the others were standing murmuring a sort of small prayer. Zitkala-Sa also stood up.

But then she found that the others had sit in their seats. Then she heard a voice of a man. Every one picked up their knife and fork and began eating. But Zitkala found this eating by formula very difficult. But this was not the hardest trial for her. Her hair were shingled and she felt herself like an animal in a herd.

Childhood Memories Of Losar Class 6 Question 2.
Reproduce briefly in your own words Zitkala- Sa’s experience in the dining room.
Answer:
The tables and chairs were arranged in the dining room. A small bell was tapped, and each of the students drew a chair from under the table. Zitkala also pulled out the chair and sat down. But she noticed that all others were standing but she was sitting. She began to rise up, but soon the second bell was tapped. All were seated at last.

She heard a man’s voice at one end of the hall, and she looked around to see him. But all the others hung their heads over the plates. The man ceased his mutterings, and then the third bell was tapped. Every one picked up their knife and fork and began eating. But Zitkala started crying instead. This eating by formula proved too hard a trial for her.

Question 3.
What did Zitkala do to prevent her hair? How did her efforts prove futile?
Answer:
Zitkala decided that she would not let her hair shingled. She watched her chance and when no one noticed, she disappeared. She hid herself in a big room. The windows were covered with dark green curtains, which made the room very dim. No one was there in the room. She crawled under a bed and hid herself in the dark comer.

From her hiding place she heard footsteps nearby. In the hall some voices were calling her name. Even her friend Judewin was searching for her. The sounds came nearer and nearer. Women and girls entered the room. She was dragged out. She resisted and cried aloud. They tied her fast in a chair. She was shaking her head all the while until she felt the cold blades of the scissors against her neck. Thus her hair were shingled.

Question 4.
How long did Bama take to reach home from school and why? Write briefly what she did on her way?
Answer:
It was actually possible to walk the distance in ten minutes. But usually it would take her thirty minutes at the very least to reach home. Many interesting things would tether her feet to the ground. There could be a performing monkey. There could be a snake charmer with his snake kept in a basket. There could be a cyclist who had not got off cycle for three days.

She would watch the huge bell hanging at the temple. She would watch the Pongal offerings being cooked. Then there could be some entertainments going on the way-a street play, a puppet show or a magic show. These were the things that stopped her at many points in her way.

Question 5.
When did Bama come to know about the social discrimination towards her community?
Answer:
Bama found that the manner in which the elder of her community carrying snacks was funny. He was holding out the packet by its string, without touching it. She thought that in this manner the packet could be undone and all the contents fall out. But her brother told her that there was nothing funny about it.

The people of upper caste thought that the very touch of the people of their community would pollute them. It was then that Bama came to know about the social discrimination towards her community. This thought filled her with rage. She thought that why their people should run petty errands for the upper caste people. They should just take their wages and that was all.

Question 6.
The two accounts that you read above are based in two distant cultures. What is the commonality of theme found in both of them?
Answer:
The first account refers to a Native American girl, Zitkala-Sa. The European settlers, there are prejudiced against the native people. For them Native Americans are no better than enemies. They shingled Zitkala’s hair much against her wish. They did not care to respect their culture. The second account is of Bama. She belonged to a downtrodden community. The people of upper caste looked at them with hatred. They thought that the very touch of the people of her community would pollute them. Thus we can see that Zitkala and Bama belonged to different cultures and communities. Yet the theme of both the accounts is same that people of downtrodden communities are treated like animals and racial prejudice is there in almost every part of the world.

Question 7.
It may take a long time for oppression to be resisted, but the seeds of rebellion are sowed early in life. Do you agree that injustice in any form cannot escape being noticed even by children?
Answer:
Elders of downtrodden communities become used to oppression. They consider it a part of their destiny and thus do not protest against any oppression. But the minds of children are very impressionable. They understand every oppression or humiliation. They generally rebel against any oppression.

They feel quite disturbed when they see injustice being done to someone. When they grow up, they try their best to root out all the traditions that consider them to inferior beings. Thus, we can say that the seeds of rebellion are sowed early in life.

Question 8.
Bama’s experience is that of a victim of the caste system. What kind of discrimination does ZitkalaSa’s experience depict? What are their responses to their respective situations?
Answer:
Zitkala-Sa was a Native American. The European settlers have great prejudice against the Native Americans. They consider them inferior beings. They have no respect for their traditions. That was why

Zitkala’s long was shingled. On the other hand, Bama belongs to a downtrodden community. The people of high caste consider them inferior beings. They think that the very touch of theirs would pollute them. Both Zitkala and Bama reacted to their respective situation in their own way.

Zitkala hid herself in a room to prevent her hair from being shingled. But she was found out and her hair were shingled. When Bama came to know the humiliation of an elder of their street’ she was filled with anger. She studied very hard so that the others realise her worth and come to her as friends.

Here we are providing Keeping Quiet Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Flamingo, Extra Questions for Class 12 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-12-english/

Keeping Quiet Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Flamingo

Keeping Quiet Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Keeping Quiet Questions And Answers Class 12 Question 1.
What will counting up to twelve and keeping still help us achieve ?
Answer:
Counting upto twelve and keeping still gives us time to introspect ourselves. In this way, we can recuperate our energy and restart our activities with fresh energy and zeal.

Keeping Quiet Question Answer Class 12 Question 2.
Do you think the poet advocates total inactivity and death ?
Answer:
No, the poet does not advocate total inactivity and death. He only wants us to keep quiet for a few seconds and suspend all our activities for a few seconds. In this way we can introspect our¬selves and restart our activities with fresh energy and zeal.

Keeping Quiet Question Answers Class 12 Question 3.
What is the ‘sadness’ that the poet refers to in the poem?
Answer:
When people don’t introspect themselves they fail to understand themselves, then ‘sadness’ arises. The poet wants that people should overcome this sadness by introspecting themselves.

Keeping Quiet Extra Questions Class 12 Question 4.
What symbol from Nature does the poet invoke to say that there can be life under apparent stillness ?
Answer:
In this poem, the poet uses the symbol of the earth to say that there can be life under apparent stillness. He says that the earth appears to be dead in the winter season. But when the spring season comes it becomes alive with all its new plants. It never takes rest.

Keeping Quiet Question And Answer Class 12 Question 5.
How would keeping quiet affect the life in and around the sea ?
Answer:
It will affect the life in and around the sea in two ways. The fishermen will stop fishing for some time. It will help the number of the fish to recuperate. The man gathering salt will get some time to see his hurt hands get healed.

Keeping Quiet Extra Questions And Answers Class 12 Question 6.
‘Life is what at is about;How is keeping quiet related to life ?
Answer:
Keeping quiet is related to life not death. The poet says that by keeping quiet we get some time to introspect ourselves. Keeping quiet helps us to recuperate our energy. In this way we can start our activities with fresh zeal and energy.

Keeping Quiet Important Questions Class 12 Question 7.
Why does one feel ‘a sudden strangeness’ on counting to twelve and keeping quiet ?
Answer:
When we keep quiet for some time and suspend all our activities for some time, we feel a sort of strangeness. The reason is that we are always surrounded by the noise of machines, etc. When there is no sound, we feel a sort of strangeness.

Keeping Quiet Long Questions And Answers Class 12 Question 8.
How will ‘keeping quiet’ protect our environment ?
Answer:
Keeping quiet helps us to stop wars. In this way it helps to prevent destruction of environment due to wars. Also, it prevents deforestation. In this way, we can say that keeping quiet is the only way to prevent our environment from all types of pollution.

Keeping Quiet Short Questions And Answers Class 12 Question 9.
What does the poet want us to tell ?
Answer:
The poet wants us to tell that by keeping quiet and remaining still for few moments, we will be able to do our work in a more effective way. We can analyse our past actions and not repeat our past, mistakes.

Keeping Quiet Extra Questions Answers Class 12 Question 10.
What does the poet mean by saying ‘victory with no survivors’ ?
Answer:
According to the poet the wars cause a lot of destruction. A lot of people die from both the sides. Therefore, no one can claim that their side has won, since the so called victor also has to face a lot of causalities.

Extra Questions Of Keeping Quiet Class 12 Question 11.
What are the different types of wars mentioned in the poem ?
Or
What is Neruda’s attitude towards these wars?
Answer:
The poet says that there are green wars. He means t to say that the people who destroy forests also wage a war against their own coming generations. There are wars with fire, chemical weapons and poisonous gases. The wars bring so much destruction that no side could be called victorious. The poet wants that all these wars should be stopped. These wars bring nothing but destruction.

Keeping Quiet Extra Question Answer Class 12 Question 12.
How does the earth teach us that there is activity even in apparent stillness ?
Answer:
We think that earth is dead as it remains still. But many changes are taking place under the surface of the earth. A seed that seems dead germinates under the earth and a new life springs from it.

Keeping Quiet Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Write in brief the summary of the poem.
Answer:
The poet wants everyone to count up to twelve in their mind. He wants every one of us to be calm and still. The poet wants that one should not talk in any language. He means to say that every person of the world should be quiet for few seconds. There would not be any rush. There would not be the jarring sounds of machines. The poet wants that the fishermen should not hunt whales in the sea. He also wants that the persons who gather salt should suspend their activities for a few seconds.

The poet says that the people who destroy forests also wage a war against their own coming generations. There are wars with fire, chemical weapons and poisonous gases. The was bring so much destruction that no side could be called victorious. The poet knows that the soldiers have to follow the orders. He implores them to leave the army and instead of uniforms wear clean clothes. They should walk with their civilian brothers and suspend their all war-related activities and walk idly under the shade.

The poet wants that we should not be self-centred. The poet says that the people are rushing to complete their tasks. But he says that by keeping quiet for a few seconds, they can understand the true purpose of life. The poet wants that we should not be self-centred. The poet says that the people are rushing to complete their tasks. The poet says that by keeping quiet for a few seconds they can understand the true purpose of life. The poet says that the earth can provide us all type of guidance.

He says that it appears dead and lifeless in winter. But when the summer season comes everything again comes to life. Similarly, after taking a short pause we can restart our activities in a new way. Therefore, the poet asks the people to take a pause, count to twelve and walks out of the scene.

Question 2.
Write the central idea of the poem.
Answer:
In this poem, the poet tells us about the value of quiet introspection. He wants us to keep quiet for twelve seconds and stop every movement of the body. He implores the fishermen not to harm the whales. He also wants the man gathering salt to stop his activities for a few minutes, since he has hurt his hands. The poet says that wars are useless.

These wars leave no survivors. However the poet doesn’t advocate total inactivity. He says that something that appears to be dead now later proves to be alive. Total inactivity is death, the poet just wants us to suspend our activities for a few seconds.

Keeping Quiet Extra Questions and Answers Stanza For Comprehension

Stanza 1

Now we will count to twelve
and we will all keep still.
For once on the face of the Earth
let’s not speak in any language,
let’s stop for one second,
And not move our arms so much.

Questions
(a) What is the significance of the number ‘twelve’ ?
(b) Which two activities does the poet want us to stop ?
(c) What does the poet mean by ‘let’s not speak in any language’ ?
(d) Describe the pun on the word ‘arms’.
Answers
(a) There are twelve hours on the face of the clock and also there are twelve months in a year. The poet also
refers to the number twelve. He wants us to suspend our activities for twelve seconds.
(b) The poet wants us to stop talking and moving our arms.
(c) The poet wants us to give a universal message. He wants that all the people of the world irrespective of their nationality should suspend their activities for a few seconds. Not to use any organ to communicate.
(d) The poet has used the word arms for two purposes. He wants us to keep still for a few seconds and not move our arms. The second meaning of the word arms is weapons. The poet wants us to stop the use of arms against anyone.

Stanza 2

It would be an eicotic moment
without rush, without engines,
we would all be together
in a sudden strangeness
Fishermen in the cold sea
would not harm whales.
and the man gathering salt
would look at his hurt hands.

Questions
(a) Name the poem and the poet.
(b) Which moment has been referred to here and how it will be significant ?
(c) How would we feel during that moment ?
(d) What does the poet want from the fishermen ? Answers
(a) The name of the poem is ‘Keeping Quiet’ and the name of the poet is Pablo Neruda.
(b) The moment of quiet introspection has been referred here. It is significant in the sense that it brings all of us together and we have a feeling of oneness.
(c) We would feel all together and have a feeling of sudden strangeness.
(d) The poet wants that the fishermen should not kill whales for sometime.

Stanza 3

Those who prepare green wars,
wars with gas, wars with fire,
victory with no survivors,
would put on clean clothes
and walk about with their brothers –
in the shade, doing nothing.

Questions
(a) Name the poem and the poet.
(b) What does the poet mean by green wars ?
(c) What types of wars does the poet mention ?
(d) What does the poet want from the lovers of the war ?
Answers
(a) The name of the poem is ‘Keeping Quiet’ and the poet is Pablo Neruda.
(b) It means the war against the environment or defores-tation.
(c) The poet mentions green wars, wars with gas and wars with fire.
(d) He wants them to wear clean clothes and walk lei-surely with their brothers.

Stanza 4

What I want should not be confused
with total inactivity.
Life is what it is about;
I want no truck with death.

Questions
(a) Name the poem and the poet.
(b) What should not be confused with total inactivity ?
(c) What does the poet mean by …. I want no truck with death ?
(d) What is the gist of this stanza ?
Answers
(a) The name of the poem is ‘Keeping Quiet’ and the name of the poet is Pablo Neruda.
(b) Keeping quiet and remaining still should not be con-fused with total inactivity.
(c) The poet wants to say that stillness and quietness is not death. He wants to restart his activities again after introspection of a few seconds.
(d) In this stanza the poet says that quietness is not death. Rather it helps us to restart our activities in a fresh way.

Stanza 5

If we were not so single-minded
about keeping our lives moving,
and for once could do nothing, perhaps a huge silence
might interrupt this sadness
of never understanding ourselves
and of threatening ourselves with death.

Questions
(a) Whom does ‘we’ refer to in the above lines ?
(b) Why does the poet want us to ‘do nothing1 for once ?
(c) What is the ‘sadness’ that the poet refers to in the poem ?
(d) How can a huge silence do good to us ?
Answers
(a) ‘We’ in this stanza refers to the human beings who are self-centred and who only think about themselves.
(b) By doing nothing for once, we can have ample time to introspect ourselves and analyse our actions.
(c) When people don’t introspect themselves, they fail to understand themselves, then ‘sadness’ arises.
(d) Huge silence helps in analysing ourselves. In this way, we can introspect ourselves.

Stanza 6

Perhaps the Earth can teach us
as when everything seems dead
and later proves to be alive.
Now I’ll count up to twelve
and you keep quiet and I will go.

Questions
(a) What does the earth teach us ?
(b) Why does the poet count up to twelve ?
(c) What will keeping quiet help us achieve ?
(d) How does the earth teach us that there is activity even in apparent stillness ?
Answers
(a) The earth teaches us that there is life in what we think that is dead.
(b) The poet wants to introspect by counting twelve.
(c) Keeping quiet help us to recuperate our energy. In this way, we can start our activities with fresh zeal and energy.
(d) We think that the earth is dead as it remains still But many changes are kept taking under the surface of the earth. A seed that seems dead germinates under the earth and a new life springs from it. The earth always seems in motion.

Here we are providing Mirror Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English Literature Reader, Extra Questions for Class 10 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-10-english/

Mirror Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English Literature

Mirror Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Mirror Poem Questions And Answers Class 10 Question 1.
Why does the woman not like the mirror?
Answer:
This poem explores the relationship that we have with truth, and particularly the truth about ourselves. The mirror doesn’t tell lies—it, in fact, tells the truth. It is objective—‘exact’ and without ‘preconceptions’, swallowing whatever it sees without a second thought, ‘unmisted by love or dislike’. The mirror is, ‘not cruel, only truthful’ but Plath suggests that truth itself is cruel for human beings, and we turn away from it, presenting only our backs to those mirrors that offer to show it to us. The woman does not like the blemishes which the mirror shows her and turns away to ‘those liars, the candles or the moon.’

Mirror Questions And Answers Class 10 Question 2.
Why is the woman bending over the lake?
Answer:
The lake is something else into which humans have traditionally gazed, in search of their own reflection. The lake is not as exact as the mirror and hence the person who looks into it will get a flattering view of himself or herself as the reflection in the lake can be distorted by the ripples in the water. Though some of her imperfections are hidden by the water, here too the woman moves away as the depth of the lake reflects her repressed mind. She turns to more flattering devices like the candles and the moon.

The Mirror Questions And Answers Class 10  Question 3.
In the poem, The Mirror, the poet underlines the misery of an ageing woman when she sees her reflection in a mirror. What makes her hate the mirror?
Answer:
The woman looks into the mirror to see her reflection. But the mirror being objective shows her an image that she does not like. It shows her the flaws which have appeared on her face as she is ageing. Though the mirror is being ‘not cruel, only truthful’ but truth itself is cruel and the woman turns away from it, presenting her back to that unbiased truth. What value we can derive from these lines is that is that it takes courage to face the truth. The woman cannot live without knowing the reality even if it upsets her and so each morning the woman is back, even though it is only to cry and wring her hands at what she sees.

Mirror Question Answer Class 10 Question 4.
The mirror plays a significant role in the life of the woman. Discuss.
Answer:
The mirror is an object the woman has always turned to in search of truth, from childhood to the present, when she is ageing. It is objective and without ‘preconceptions’, swallowing whatever it sees without a second thought. The mirror in presenting reality is being ‘not cruel, only truthful’.

The value that can be derived from this is that truth itself is cruel for the woman who is agitated by the truth and turns away from it, presenting her back to the mirror. It does not intend to hurt the woman but truth is sometimes unintentionally cruel.

My Mirror Likes To Argue Poem Questions And Answers Class 10 Question 5.
The poem is tragic, sad and moody and does not offer a positive solution to an individual’s problems.
Answer:
In the light of this statement discuss the theme of the poem. The theme of the poem is tragic, sad and moody because it does not offer a positive solution to an individual’s desire to estimate the worth of one’s self. What she sees in the mirror is still a projection of her self—the ‘terrible fish’ that rises from under the objective surface. This inability to come to terms with a clear, objective point of view ‘unmisted’ by projections and preconceptions is really the central theme of the poem.

Mirror Extra Questions and Answers Reference to Context

Read the extracts below and answer the questions that follow. Write the answers in one or two lines only.

My Mirror Likes To Argue Question Answer Class 10 Question 1.
“I am silver and exact. I have no preconceptions.
Whatever I see I swallow immediately
Just as it is, unmisted by love or dislike.”

(a) Who does ‘I’ refer to in these lines?
Answer:
I refers to the mirror.

(b) When the poet says that the mirror has no preconceptions what does he mean?
(i) it reflects back your image objectively.
(ii) it gives a biased view of the person. ,
(iii) it is emotionally involved with the person whose image it reflects.
Answer:
(i) it reflects back your image objectively.

(c) Why has the mirror been described as being ‘unmisted’?*What is the image it is trying to convey about the nature of the mirror?
Answer:
It shows that the mirror is unbiased and lacks sensitivity.

A Mirror Question The Answer Class 10 Question 2.
“I am silver and exact.
I have no preconceptions.
Whatever I see I swallow immediately
Just as it is, unmisted by love or dislike.”

(a) How does the mirror swallow?
Answer:
The mirror absorbs all the images that are reflected on it. The images seem to disappear into the mirror.

(b) What is the poetic device used in the second line?
Answer:
The poetic device used is personification.

(c) List the qualities of the mirror mentioned in the above extract.
Answer:
The qualities of the mirror are silver, exact and unmisted.

Mirror By Sylvia Plath Questions Class 10 Question 3.
“I am not cruel, only truthful—
The eye of a little god, four-cornered.
Most of the time
I meditate on the opposite wall.”

(a) Why does the mirror say ‘I am not cruel’?
Answer:
The mirror does not reflect the truth to hurt the viewer. It only reflects what it sees.

(b) Why has the mirror been called ‘a four-cornered god’?
Answer:
Like god, the mirror watches a person in an unbiased and fair manner and from all angles.

(c) How does the mirror spend its time?
Answer:
It meditates on the opposite wall and on the people who come to check their appearance in the mirror.

Mirror By Sylvia Plath Answers Class 10 Question 4.
“It is pink, with speckles. I have looked at it so long
I think it is a part of my heart. But it flickers.
Faces and darkness separate us over and over.”

(a) What does the mirror reflect on when it is not looking at the woman?
Answer:
The mirror then reflects on the opposite wall.

(b) What disturbs its contemplation of the opposite wall?
Answer:
People who come to check their appearance in the mirror disturbs its contemplation.

(c) What does the phrase ‘pink speckles’ refer to?
Answer:
It refers to the opposite wall that is pink with speckles.

Mirror By Sylvia Plath Question And Answers Question 5.
“Now I am a lake. A woman bends over me,
Searching my reaches foi; what she really is.
Then she turns to those liars, the candles or the moon.”

(a) In the second stanza, the mirror is compared to another object. What is it? Why do you think this comparison has been made?
Answer:
The mirror is compared to a lake. The lake is not as exact as the mirror, the image is distorted by the ripples in the water and hence the person who looks into it will get a flattering view of herself or himself.

(b) What is the woman searching for in the depths of the lake?
Answer:
The woman is upset with the signs of ageing reflected by the mirror and she is trying to find her lost looks in the water of the lake.

(c) Is she satisfied with what she observes? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
No, because the woman starts crying at the signs of growing old that are reflected back.

Mirror Poem Questions And Answers Class 10 Question 6.
“Now I am a lake. A woman bends over me,
Searching my reaches for what she really is.
Then she turns to those liars, the candles or the moon.” 

(a) What is the woman bending over?
Answer:
The woman is bending over the lake.

(b) Why does the woman bend over?
Answer:
The woman bends over because the lake is spread out before her feet and to look closely at her reflection.

(c) Why have the candles and the moon been called ‘liars’?
Answer:
The candles and the moon have been called ‘liars’ because they create a flattering image of the person by hiding their blemishes.

The Mirror Question Answer Class 10 Question 7.
“I see her back, and reflect it faithfully.
She rewards me with tears and an agitation of hands.
I am important to her. She comes and goes.”

(a) What does the phrase ‘agitation of the hands’ mean?
Answer:
It means that the woman is very upset.

(b) Why does the woman start crying?
Answer:
The woman starts crying as she is upset at the signs of her ageing as reflected by the mirror. The woman rewards the mirror with tears for she does not like the truth.

(c) What does this reveal of her character?
Answer:
The woman is unable to face the truth about herself.

The Mirror Poem Questions And Answers Question 8.
“Each morning it is her face that replaces the darkness.
In me she has drowned a young girl, and in me an old woman
Rises toward her day after day like a terrible fish.”

(a) How has the poet changed over the years?
Answer:
The woman has aged. She has changed from a young girl to an old woman.

(b) Why does the poet refer to the fish in the last line? Why does she describe it as being ‘terrible’?
Answer:
The thought and the fact that she is growing old is the terrible fish that comes to haunt the woman. She sees herself as a sad, angered and emotionless woman.

(c) What does the mention of the ‘fish’ symbolise?
Answer:
The fish reminds the woman that she is no longer beautiful and that tells her that she is cold and incapable of love.

Here we are providing Nelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English First Flight, Extra Questions for Class 10 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-10-english/

Nelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English First Flight

Nelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom Extra Questions and Answers Very Short Answer Type

Nelson Mandela Class 10 Extra Questions Question 1.
What was the occasion?
Answer:
It was the occasion of installation of South Africa’s first democratic government.

Nelson Mandela Extra Questions Question 2.
Where did the ceremony take place?
Answer:
The ceremony took place in the Union Buildings of Pretoria.

Nelson Mandela Long Walk To Freedom Class 10 Extra Question Answer Question 3.
Why had world leaders come there?
Answer:
The world leader had come there to pay their respect to the newly formed Government.

Nelson Mandela Short Question Answer Question 4.
Who was Zenani?
Answer:
Zenani was the daughter of Nelson Mandela.

Nelson Mandela: Long Walk To Freedom Class 10 Extra Question Answer Question 5.
Who was sworn in as the first Deputy President of South Africa?
Answer:
Thabo Mbeki was sworn in as the first Deputy President of South Africa.

Nelson Mandela Class 10 Short Question Answer Question 6.
What was specific about that system?
Answer:
The system was formed on the basis of one of the harshest,’ most inhumane societies the world has ever known.

Nelson Mandela Class 10 Extra Questions And Answers Question 7.
When was that system eradicated?
Answer:
The system was overturned in the last decade of the twentieth century.

Class 10 English Nelson Mandela Extra Questions Question 8.
How was the new system different?
Answer:
The new system was different because that system recognised the rights and freedom of all people.

Class 10 Nelson Mandela Extra Questions Question 9.
What did Mandela want as a student?
Ans.
Mandela wanted freedom for himself as a student.

Extra Questions Of Nelson Mandela Class 10 Question 10.
What did Mandela realise?
Answer:
Mandela realised that there was no freedom in South Africa for anyone who looked like him.

Nelson Mandela Class 10 Important Questions Question 11.
What was Mandela not unmindful of?
Answer:
Mandela was not unmindful of‘Apartheid’.

Nelson Mandela Long Walk To Freedom Extra Question Answer Question 12.
Why was the Mandela pained?
Answer:
Mandela was pained as the people who laid their lives for this day could not be present to see.

Nelson Mandela Class 10 Extra Question Answers Question 13.
What did he think about freedom?
Answer:
He thought that freedom is indivisible.

Nelson Mandela Long Walk To Freedom Short Question Answer Question 14.
Why did he join African National Congress?
Answer:
He joined African National Congress to achieve freedom for all his people.

Question 15.
What are two enemies of a person?
Answer:
Prejudice and narrow-mindedness are the two enemies of a person.

Question 16.
What does courage mean to Mandela?
Answer:
Courage means to Mandela the triumph over fear.

Question 17.
What was the national anthem for the blacks?
Answer:
The National anthem for the blacks were ‘Die stem’.

Question 18.
Who accompanied Mandela?
Answer:
Mandela’s daughter Zenani accompanied him.

Question 19.
What must the people learn?
Answer:
The people must learn to hate. If they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love.

Question 20.
Who was sworn in as second deputy President?
Answer:
Mr de Klerk was sworn in as second deputy President in South Africa.

Question 21.
What is ‘Apartheid’?
Answer:
‘Apartheid’ is a political system that separates people on the basis of their race.

Question 22.
Who wrote the autobiography, “Long Walk to Freedom”.
Answer:
Nelson Mandela wrote his autobiography “Long Walk to Freedom”.

Question 23.
What is the full name of Mr Mandela?
Answer:
The full name of Mr Mandela is Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela.

Question 24.
Why did the leaders gather in .South Africa on 10May, 1994?
Answer:
The leaders gathered in South Africa to pay their respects to Nelson Mandela.

Question 25.
What roared in perfect formation over the Union Buildings?
Answer:
South African jets, helicopters, and troop carriers roared in perfect formation over Union Buildings.

Question 26.
What could the highest generals have done to the author earlier?
Answer:
The highest generals could have arrested the author earlier.

Question 27.
What were the colours emitted by a chevron of Impala jets?
Answer:
The colours emitted by a chevron of Impala jets were black, red, green, blue and gold.

Question 28.
What did the smoke trail of Impala jets symbolise?
Answer:
The smoke trail of Impala jets symbolised South African flag.

Question 29.
How old was the author at the time of the ‘Inauguration’?
Answer:
The author was in his eighties at the time of the inauguration.

Question 30.
How many years did Nelson Mandela spend in prison.
Answer:
Nelson Mandela Spent twenty seven years in prison.

Nelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Where did the oath-taking ceremony take place?
Answer:
The oath-taking ceremony took place in Union Buildings of Pretoria.

Question 2.
What ideals did Mandela set out for the future of South Africa in his speech?
Answer:
Mandela set out ideals for the future of South Africa because he had deep feelings for his country and countrymen. He pledged to liberate all the people from poverty, deprivation and discrimination.

Question 3.
How, according to Mandela, had apartheid policy affected South Africa?
Answer:
Apartheid policy had affected South Africa deeply. It had created a deep and lasting wound in the country and its people. It will take a long time to heal this wound.

Question 4.
What did Mandela think about the oppressor and the oppressed?
Answer:
Mandela thought about the oppressor and the oppressed that both are robbed equally. A mail who takes away another man’s freedom is a prisoner of hatred. In the same way, if his freedom is taken away, they both are without freedom. So both of them must be liberated.

Question 5.
What according to Mandela, is ‘true-freedom’?
Answer:
According to Mandela, true freedom means freedom not to be obstructed in leading a lawful life.

Question 6.
How did ‘hunger for freedom’ change Mandela’s life?
Answer:
In the beginning of his life, Mandela was not aware about freedom. Later, Mandela found that his freedom had been taken away from him. As a student, he wanted freedom only for himself but slowly his own freedom became the greater hunger for the freedom of his people. This changed him completely.

Question 7.
What are the ‘twin obligations’ referred to by Nelson Mandela?
Answer:
According to Nelson Mandela, every man has two obligations in life. The first obligation is to his family, to his parents, wife and children. Secondly, he has an obligation to his country, people, and community.

Question 8.
Could a man. according to Mandela, fulfil these twin obligations in a country like South Africa?
Answer:
No, these twin obligations could not be fulfilled by a man, in a country like South Africa, according to Mandela. It was because a man of dark colour who attempted just to live as a human being was punished and isolated in the country.

Question 9.
What is the meaning of courage to Mandela?
Answer:
According to Mandela, courage was not the absence of fear, but triumph over it. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear. Mandela learned the true meaning of courage from his comrades in the struggle.

Question 10.
What was unique in the inauguration ceremony?
Answer:
The inauguration ceremony took place in the amphitheatre formed by the Union Buildings in Pretoria. For decades, this had been the seat of white supremacy. Now it was the oath taking ceremony day for South Africa’s first democratic, non-racial government. It was really a unique occasion.

Question 11.
Describe the inauguration ceremony in simple words?
Answer:
It was the day of 10th May, 1994. The first democratic, non- racial government was to be installed. Dignitaries from different countries participated in the ceremony. South African men, women and children of all races were present there.

Question 12.
What promises did Mandela make to his people in the oath-taking speech?
Answer:
In the oath-taking speech, Mandela promised that the country shall not again experience the oppression of one by another.

Question 13.
What did Mandela say about the future of the country in his speech?
Answer:
In his speech, Nelson Mandela said, “I see a bright future of the country. Now no one will experience the oppression by another. It will make much progress. All people shall be free to do what they like.”

Question 14.
How did South African jets, helicopters and troops demonstrate?
Answer:
It was a very special day for all. South African jets, helicopters and troop carriers roared in perfect formation. They flew over the Union Buildings. It was a show of military’s loyalty to the country and its democracy.

Question 15.
What did the generals and police officers do on that day?
Answer:
The generals and police officers were also there. They were in their uniform. They had ribbons and medals on their chests. They saluted Mandela with great respect. Mandela was the first black President of South Africa. Although, many years ago, they might have arrested him.

Question 16.
What were the two anthems sung on the day of oath-taking ceremony?
Answer:
On the day of oath-taking ceremony, the two anthems were sung. ‘Nkosi Sikelel-i-Afrika’ was for the whites and ‘Die stem’ was for the blacks. ‘Die stem’ was the old anthem of the country.

Question 17.
Whose names were particularly taken by Mandela in the inauguration ceremony?
Answer:
In the inauguration ceremony, Mandela announced the names of Oliver Tamboo, Walter Sisulus, Chief Luthuli, Yusuf Dadoo, Bram Fisher and Robert Sobukwes. These men were of extraordinary courage and wisdom.

Question 18.
Describe Mandela’s life journey from a prisoner to the first black President of south Africa.
Answer:
Nelson Mandela did a life-long struggle against the racial discrimination in South Africa. He had to pass many years of his life as a prisoner in the jail. At last the first democratic elections were held in South Africa. His party won 252 seats out of400 and he became the first black President of South Africa.

Question 19.
What is the greatest wealth of a nation in Mandela’s opinion?
Answer:
In Mandela’s opinion, the greatest wealth of a nation is not minerals and gems but its good and honest people.

Question 20.
What difficulties did Mandela face in his life?
Answer:
Mandela had to face many difficulties in his life. He had to leave his house to fulfil his duty to his people. In the prison, he was treated very badly.

Question 21.
Who took oath first in the ceremony?
Answer:
In the ceremony, Mr de Klerk was first sworn in as second Deputy President.

Question 22.
Where did the ceremonies take place? Can you name any public buildings in India that are made of sandstone?
Answer:
The ceremonies took place in the Union Buildings amphitheatre in Pretoria. Hawa Mahal in Jaipur and Fatehpur Sikri are the buildings in India made of sandstone.

Question 23.
Can you say how 10 May is an ‘autumn day’ in South Africa?
Answer:
Tenth May, being an autumn day, in South Africa has a symbolic meaning. In the season of autumn, all the old leaves fall from the tree and give birth to new ones. In the same way, old racial government had given way to the new anti-racial democratic government in South Africa. It was the beginning of a new era.

Question 24.
At the beginning of his speech, Mandela mentions “an extraordinary human disaster”. What does he mean hy this? What is the “glorious human achievement” he speaks of at the end?
Answer:
At the beginning of his speech, Mandela mentions “an extraordinary human disaster”. It was the policy of apartheid in South Africa. People were the victim of racial discrimination. Now they had achieved freedom. They will never be oppressed. It was the end of the most inhuman system of the government. He calls it a glorious human achievement.

Question 25.
What does Mandela thank the international leaders for?
Answer:
Mandela thanks the international leaders for their support for the people of South Africa.

Question 26.
What ideals does he set out for the future of South Africa?
Answer:
Nelson Mandela sets out many ideals for the future of South Africa. He says that all the people will be free from poverty, deprivation and discrimination. They will never experience oppression by others.

Question 27.
What do the military generals do? How has their attitude changed, and why?
Answer:
They obey their masters. They acted under the orders of the whites so far. Today they had shown their loyalty to the democracy. Earlier they arrested Mandela. Today they showed their loyalty to him by saluting him. There was a change in system. The newly elected non-racial democratic government had changed their (military generals) attitude. Now they were not the servants of the whites. They were now in the service of their own people.

Question 28.
Why were two national anthems sung?
Answer:
It was an occasion of installing the first democratic non-racial government which was formed by both the whites and the blacks. Both had their different anthems. In order to give equal honour and recognition both the national anthems were sung.

Question 29.
How does Mandela describe the systems of government in his country
(i) in the first decade, and
(ii) in the final decade, of the twentieth century?
Answer:
In the first decade of the 20th century, the whites erected a system of racial discrimination against the blacks. They set up the most inhumane system of apartheid where the blacks were denied the fundamental right of freedom. In the last decade of the twentieth century, the system was overturned. The policy of apartheid was uprooted from the land and a new non-racial democratic government was installed to ensure equal rights and freedom to all the people of South Africa.

Question 30.
What does courage mean to Mandela?
Answer:
Courage means to Mandela the triumph over fear. A brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear.

Question 31.
Which does he think is natural, to love or to hate?
Answer:
Nelson Mandela thinks that to love is natural, because it comes naturally in our hearts.

Question 32.
What “twin obligations” does Mandela mention?
Answer:
According to Mandela every person has twin obligations. The first obligation is towards his family, parents, wife and children. The second obligation is to work for his people, community and the nation.

Question 33.
What did being free mean to Mandela as a boy, and as a student? How does he contrast these “transitory freedoms” with “the basic and honourable freedoms”?
Answer:
Freedom had different meanings for Mandela at different stages. As a boy, freedom for him meant to run freely in the fields and to swim in the stream. As a student he wanted freedom to stay out at nights, to read what he liked, later he realised that this freedom was an illusion. He found that all the black brothers and sisters were in chains. There was no freedom for a respectful life. Their freedom was curtailed at every stage. He wanted the basic and honourable freedom of achieving his potential of earning his keep, of marrying and having a family. He believed that freedom is indivisible. Everyone has to be free.

Question 34.
Does Mandela think the oppressor is free? Why/why not?
Answer:
According to Mandela both the oppressor and the oppressed must be liberated. Both of them are robbed of their freedom and humanity.

Nelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Discuss the scene of the inauguration ceremony? Who took oath in the ceremony? Why is the inauguration called a historic occasion for South Africa?
Answer:
It was the bright and clear day of 10th May, 1994. The inauguration ceremony took place in the Union Buildings amphitheatre in Pretoria. The most famous world leaders and representatives gathered there. The generals and police officers were also there. They had medals and ribbons on their chests. South African jets, helicopters and troop carriers roared in perfect formation over the Union Buildings. First of all Mr. de Klerk, then Thabo Mbeki and then Nelson Mandela took the oath.

The inauguration can be called a historic occasion for South Africa as on this day the first democratic government was installed. It was an end of more than three centuries of the white rule.
Nelson Mandela became the first Black President of South Africa.

Question 2.
What were Mandela’s opinions about the first and last decades of the twentieth century?
Why does he say on the day of the inauguration that he was overwhelmed with a sense of history? .
Answer:
On the day of the inauguration, the speaker’s mind went back to history. He remembered the first decade, when the whites ruled over South Africa and they made a discrimination against the blacks. They built a system of racial discrimination against the blacks. Their behaviour was full of cruelty. They meted out inhuman treatment to the blacks. But now in the last decade of this century, this cruel system was overturned. Now a new system replaced it. It was the first democratic government of South Africa. Now there will be no discrimination on the basis of colour.
That is why, on the day of the inauguration, he was overwhelmed with a sense of history.

Question 3.
What docs Mandela think about the patriots? Can they be repaid?
Answer:
Nelson Mandela thinks that the freedom and democratic government have all come only due to the great sacrifices of thousands of patriots. They were those men who did not care about their lives and died for their people and country. They can’t be repaid. He thinks himself the sum of all those who had sacrificed their lives. Now he regrets that he was not able to thank them. According to Mandela, the policy of apartheid greatly wounded the people. It was hard to recover. It would take much time. These great patriots were Oliver Tambo, Walter Sisulu, Luthuli, Dadoo, Fischer, Sobukwe, etc.

Question 4.
What ideas does Mandela have about courage, love and hate?
Answer:
According to Mandela, he learnt the meaning of courage from his comrades. They struggled very hard for the freedom of the country. They did not care for their lives. They sacrificed everything for their people and country. They did not break before the brutality of the oppressors. They showed their full strength. So Mandela learned courage from them. To him, courage means not the absence of fear but the victory over it. The brave man is one who conquers fear. No man is born hating another man due to colour or religion. Love comes more naturally to the human heart than hate. According to Mandela, both the oppressor and the oppressed are the prisoners of hatred. No one can become happy after taking away other’s freedom.

Question 5.
What ideas did we get about freedom, the oppressor and the oppressed from this lesson? How did Nelson Mandela get hunger for freedom?
Answer:
According to Mandela, both the oppressor and the oppressed need freedom. Not only the oppressed is without freedom, but also the oppressor. He is the prisoner of hatred, only his level of thinking encourages him to snatch others freedom. It is all due to his narrow mindedness. It is an obvious idea that the oppressed has no freedom. Nelson Mandela had hunger for freedom, when he knew that his freedom had been snatched. His idea for freedom was an illusion. He saw that his brothers and sisters were without freedom. His hunger for freedom encouraged him to join the African National Congress.

Question 6.
What differences came in Mandela’s opinion about the meaning of freedom, when he was a little boy and w hen he became young?
Answer:
There were many differences in Mandela’s opinion about the meaning of freedom, when he was a little boy and when he became young. While he was a little boy, the meaning of freedom was to run in the fields and to swim in the streams.When he became young, he realised that his freedom was an illusion. Now he had realised that not only his freedom, but also others freedom had been seized. So he felt a hunger for freedom now. He wanted that all the people of his country should live with self-respect. They must do what they liked.

Question 7.
What are two obligations that Mandela described in this lesson? What was the reason that he was not able to fulfil those obligations?
Answer:
In the lesson, Mandela described two obligations that everyone had to perform.
One obligation is for the family, children and wife and second obligation is for the country and community. But due to apartheid policy in South Africa, Mandela was not able to fulfil his obligation. Although men could fulfil these obligations according to their capacities and abilities. But in South Africa it was impossible for the blacks. When Mandela tried to fulfil them for his family, he was cut off from his family. He was forced to live the life of separation. When he tried to serve his country, he was put into prison. Thus, Mandela was not able to fulfil his obligations.

Question 8.
Nelson Mandela was the hero of South Africa’s freedom movement. Comment.
Answer:
Nelson Mandela was a true hero of South Africa’s freedom movement. His conscience encouraged him to demand a respectful and unique life for all. His soul cleared him about the twin obligations for everyone. He was always determined to fulfil them. He performed his obligations for his family as well as for his community. Although he was prevented from doing so, yet he did not stop and got discouraged.

He became homeless. In spite of all these difficulties he could not change his decision. He had a soul power to challenge the racial system of the white. He did not care the apartheid policy and announced that this policy had created a lasting wound in the country. He fought against it. At last he got success. He became the first black President of South Africa.

Question 9.
India is a country of unity in diversity. Can you explain any type of discrimination in India, on the basis of colour or creed?
Answer:
India is a very wide country. In spite of that India is a country of unity in diversity. There are different religions in it. We can find different dresses, lifestyle and food habits in India. Even then, they all have a pride to be an Indian.

India has a democratic form of government and there is no place for discrimination in this country. But there is some sort of discrimination on the basis of caste or creed. Here people are known by their caste and creed. They have no right to marry freely. Even today caste system has not gone out completely from our mind. But it is good for all Indians that our Constitution has given equality to all. There is no place for discrimination in Indian Constitution

Question 10.
India is a country of unity in diversity—there are different languages, traditions, dresses, castes and cultures. Do you find any sort of discrimination in India?
Answer:
India is a very big country. It has different languages, traditions, dresses, castes and cultures. Even then India has unity in diversity. Its Constitution gives equality to every citizen. There is no place for colour prejudice in it. In India everyone has a right to get education to appear in competitions and to live at any place. There is no discrimination among Indians on the basis of caste, creed and colour. Indians can live in any state and they can marry in any caste. There is no colour discrimination in India.

Question 11.
Nelson Mandela described ‘twin obligations’ for a man. Do you agree with these obligations? Do you think that every person should fulfil these obligations in real life?
Answer:
In this lesson, Nelson Mandela described two obligations for a man. These two obligations are—one for the family and second is for the country. He said that one of the obligations is to work for his family. The other obligation is to his people, his community and his country.

We must agree with these obligations. In fact, we take care of families heartily and never think about country. If we don’t care about our country, it will never prosper. So in my opinion, we must fulfil both these obligations in our real life.

Question 12.
“I was not born with a hunger to be free.” What was the result of his hunger for freedom?
Answer:
When Nelson Mandela was a young boy, he didn’t know anything about freedom. His hunger for freedom began when he saw his people being punished under the policy of apartheid. It was clear to him that his boyhood freedom was just an illusion. Then he had come to know that he and his countrymen had no freedom.

They could not say anything freely. Now Mandela’s hunger for freedom had increased. Although, as a student, he wanted freedom only for himself but after growing up, he started to think maturely about the freedom. He saw that in South Africa everybody’s freedom was curtailed. Thus the result of his hunger for freedom was the freedom of the country.

Question 13.
What does courage mean to Mandela? How did he learn the meaning of courage? What do you get about courage, love and hate from this chapter?
Answer:
In this chapter, Nelson Mandela says that he learnt the meaning of courage from the comrades. They were freedom fighters. They did not care about their lives. He had seen those people who had sacrificed their life for the country.

He learnt that courage was not the absence of fear, but triumph over it. In other words, the brave man is one who conquers fear. In Mandela’s opinion, no man is born to hate another man on the basis of skin, colour or religion. Love comes more naturally to the human heart than from its opposite. Both the oppressor and the oppressed are the prisoners of hatred. They take away each other’s freedom.

Question 14.
Why did such a large number of international leaders attend the inauguration? What did it signify the triumph of?
Answer:
A large number of international leaders attended the installation ceremony of first^democratic non- racial government in South Africa. It was the end of apartheid in South Africa. It was a common victory for justice, for peace and for human dignity. The international community supported the cause of South Africa. It signified the triumph of humanity against oppression, fear and discrimination. Both the oppressor and the oppressed were liberated.

Question 15.
What does Mandela mean when he says he is “simply the sum of all those African patriots” who had gone before him?
Answer:
Mandela’s hunger for freedom forced him to join African National Congress to eradicate the system of apartheid. Before him thousands of the patriots had sacrificed their lives.

Mandela does not take the entire credit. He calls himself simply the sum of all those African patriots who had laid the path towards the achievement of success. He continued the movement started by them. He was only a part of that movement.

Question 16.
Would you agree that the “depths of oppression” create “heights of character”? How does Mandela illustrate this? Can you add your own examples to this argument?
Answer:
Yes, it is true that the depths of oppression create heights of character. Nelson Mandela illustrated this argument by giving examples of some people of extraordinary courage and wisdom. This period of struggle to end apartheid produced people like Oliver Tambos, the Walter Sisulus, Bram Fischers and so on in the soil, of South Africa. Nelson Mandela himself was a product of the same conditions. The hunger for freedom changed his life. The history of India is full of such characters. Mangal Pandey, Bhagat Singh, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Mahatma Gandhi, Lala Lajpat Rai and so on were the people of extraordinary courage produced by the depth of oppression in India.

Question 4.
How did Mandela’s understanding of freedom change with age and experience?
Answer:
Mandela’s understanding of freedom changed with age and experience. When he was a boy, freedom for him was to run freely in the fields, free to swim in the stream and ride the broad backs of slow- moving bulls. Later on he realised that his boyhood freedom was an illusion. He discovered as a young man that his freedom had been taken away from him.

As a student he wanted freedom only for himself which were: freedom to stay out at night, freedom to read what he wanted and so on. As a young man he yearned for the basic and honourable freedom of achieving his potential, of earning of marrying and having a family. With the advancement of age and experience, he felt that not only his freedom but also the freedom of everyone was curtailed. Now he wanted freedom for all his people.

Question 17.
How did Mandela’s ‘hunger for freedom’ change his life?
Answer:
Nelson Mandela was not born with a hunger to be free. With time and experience he discovered that the boyhood freedom was only an illusion. He found that as a young mem his freedom had already been taken away from him. His people and community were denied the fundamental right of living a dignified life.

This made him hungry for freedom. Ha joined the African National Congress. This desire for the freedom transformed him from a frightened young man into bold one, a law-abiding person to a criminal, a family-loving person to a man without a home. This desire forced a life-loving man to live the life of a monk.

Nelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom Extra Questions and Answers Reference to Context

Read the following passages and answer the questions that follow:

Question 1.
TENTH May dawned bright and clear. For the past few days I had been pleasantly besieged by dignitaries and world leaders who were coming to pay their respects before the inauguration. The inauguration would be the largest gathering ever of international leaders on South African soil. The ceremonies took place in the lovely sandstone amphitheatre formed by the Union Buildings in Pretoria. For decades this had been the seat of white supremacy, and now it was the site of a rainbow gathering of different colours and nations for the installation of South Africa’s first democratic, non- racial government.
(i) Who is T in the passage?
(ii) Where did the ceremony take place?
(iii) Why did the dignitaries and leaders come there?
(iv) Where was the occasion?
Answer:
(i) Nelson Mandela is T in the passage.
(ii) The ceremony took place in an amphitheatre formed by the Union Buildings in Pretoria.
(iii) The dignitaries and world leaders came there to pay their respects to the first democratic non- racial government.
(iv) The occasion was the inauguration ceremony of Nelson Mandela as South Africa’s first Black President in the Union Building in Pretoria, South Africa.

Question 2.
On that lovely autumn day I was accompanied by my daughter Zenani. On the podium. Mr de Klerk was first sworn in as the second deputy president. Then Thabo Mbeki was sworn in as the first deputy president. When it was my turn, I pledged to obey and uphold the Constitution and to devote myself to the well-being of the Republic and its people. To the assembled guests and the watching world, I said: Today, all of us do, by our presence here… confer glory and hope to newborn liberty. Out of the experience of an extraordinary human disaster that lasted too long, must be bom a society of which all humanity will be proud.
(i) Who is Zenani?
(ii) Who was sworn in as the first deputy president?
(iii) Who was sworn in as the second deputy president?
(iv) What was the pledge taken by T?
Answer:
(i) Zenani is the daughter of Nelson Mandela.
(ii) Thabo Mbeki was sworn in as the first deputy president of South Africa.
(iii) Mr de Klerk was sworn in as the second deputy president of South Africa.
(iv) Nelson Mandela pledged to obey and uphold the Constitution. He pledged to serve the people of his country.

Question 3.
“We, who were outlaws not so long ago, have today been given the rare privilege to be the host to the nations of the world on our own soil. We thank all of our distinguished international guests for having come to take possession with the people of our country of what is, after all, a common victory for justice, for peace, for human dignity. We have, at last, achieved our political emancipation. We pledge ourselves to liberate all our people from the continuing bondage of poverty, deprivation, suffering, gender and other discrimination. Never, never, and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression of one by another. The sun shall never set on so glorious a human achievement. Let freedom reign. God bless Africa!
(i) Who does ‘we’ refer in the first line of the passage?
(ii) What is the privilege that has been explained here?
(iii) What did the people of South Africa achieve at last?
(iv) The word ‘bondage’ means in the passage.
Answer:
(i) ‘We’ refer to the people of South Africa in the first line of the passage.
(ii) South Africa has been given the rare privilege to be the host to the nations of the world.
(iii) The people of South Africa achieved their political emancipation.
(iv) The word ‘bondage’ means slavery in the passage.

Question 4.
A few moments later we all lifted our eyes in awe as a spectacular array of South African jets, helicopters and troop carriers roared in perfect formation over the Union Buildings. It was not only a display of pinpoint precision and military force, but a demonstration of the military’s loyalty to democracy, to a new government that had been freely and fairly elected. Only moments before, the highest generals of the South African defence force and police, their chests bedecked with ribbons and medals from days gone by, saluted me and pledged their loyalty. I was not unmindful of the fact that not so many years before they would not have saluted but arrested me. Finally a chevron of Impala jets left a smoke trail of the black, red, green, blue and gold of the new South African Flag.
(i) What did they see over the Union Buildings?
(ii) What was the occasion?
(iii) What did this symbolise?
(iv) What was Mandela not unmindful of?
Answer:
(i) They saw a spectacular show by South African jets, helicopters, the troop carriers over the Union Buildings.
(ii) It was the occasion of installation of the newly elected democratic government in South Africa.
(iii) The show by the military forces symbolised their loyalty towards the newly-elected democratic government in South Africa.
(iv) Nelson Mandela was not unmindful of the fact that the same army officers who had saluted him, would not have done so many years before. They would have rather arrested him.

Question 5.
The day was symbolised for me by the playing of our two national anthems, and the vision of whites singing ‘Nkosi Sikelel – iAfrika’ and blacks singing ‘Die Stem’, the old anthem of the Republic. Although that day neither group knew the lyrics of the anthem they once despised, they would soon know the words by heart. On the day of the inauguration, I was overwhelmed with a sense of history. In the first decade of the twentieth century, a few years after the bitter Anglo-Boer war and before my own birth, the white-skinned people of South Africa patched up their differences and erected a system of racial domination against the dark-skinned people of their own land.
(i) How was the day symbolised?
(ii) What was the national anthem for the blacks?
(iii) What was specific about that system?
(iv) – How was the new system different?
Answer:
(i) The day was symbolised by the playing of their two national anthems—‘Nkosi Sikelel – ‘iAfrika’ and ‘Die Stem’.
(ii) The national anthem for the blacks was ‘Die Stem’.
(iii) The system had formed the basis of one of the harshest, most inhumane, societies the world has ever known.
(iv) The new system recognised the rights and freedom of all people regardless of the colour of their skin.

Question 6.
The structure they created formed the basis of one of the harshest, most inhumane, societies the world has ever known. Now, in the last decade of the twentieth century, and my own eighth decade as a man, that system had, been overturned forever and replaced by one that recognised the rights and freedoms of all peoples, regardless of the colour of their skin. That day had come about through the unimaginable sacrifices of thousands of my people, people whose suffering and courage can never be counted or repaid. I felt that day, as I have on so many other days, that I was simply the sum of all those African patriots who had gone before me. That long and noble line ended and now began again with me. I was pained that I was not able to thank them and that they were not able to see what their sacrifices had brought.
(i) What type of structure had they created?
(ii) What did they talk about the people?
(iii) Why did ‘he’ remember the African patriots?
(iv) Why was ‘he’ pained?
Answer:
(i) They had created such structure that formed the basis of the most harsh and inhumane societies the world has ever known.
(ii) They talked about the rights and freedoms of people in the last decade of the twentieth century-.
(iii) Nelson Mandela remembered the African patriots for sacrificing their lives for this cause. He said that their contribution can never be repaid.
(iv) He was pained as the people who laid their livesffor this day could not be present to see what their sacrifices had achieved for the country and its people.

Question 7.
The policy of apartheid created a deep and lasting wound in my country and my people. All of us will spend many years, if not generations, recovering from that profound hurt. But the decades of oppression and brutality had another, unintended, effect, and that was that it produced the Oliver Tambos, the Walter Sisulus, the Chief Luthulis, the Yusuf Dadoos, the Bram Fischers, the Robert Sobukwes of our time—men of such extraordinary courage, wisdom and generosity that their like may never be known again. Perhaps it requires such depths of oppression to create such heights of character. My country is rich in the minerals and gems that lie beneath its soil, but I have always known that its greatest wealth is its people, finer and truer than the purest diamonds.
(i) What did the policy of apartheid create?
(ii) What is the greatest wealth of the narrator’s country?
(iii) What was the unintended effect of this policy?
(iv) Name some of the men of extraordinary courage?
Answer:
(i) The policy of apartheid created a deep and lasting wound in the country and its people.
(ii) The greatest wealth of the narrator’s country is its courageous people.
(iii) The unintended effect of that policy was that it created many men of courage, wjsdom and generosity.
(iv) Oliver Tambos, Walter Sisulus and Chief Luthulis.

Question 8.
In life, every man has twin obligations—obligations to his family, to his parents, to his wife and children; and he has an obligation to his people, his community, his country. In a civil and humane society, each man is able to fulfil those obligations according to his own inclinations and abilities. But in a country like South-Africa, it was almost impossible for a man of my birth and colour to fulfil both of those obligations. In South Africa, a man of colour who attempted to live as a human being was punished and isolated. In South Africa, a man who tried to fulfil his duty to his people was inevitably ripped from his family and his home and was forced to live a life apart, a twilight existence of secrecy and rebellion. I did not in the beginning choose to place my people above my family, but in attempting to serve my people, I found that I was prevented from fulfilling my obligations as a son, a brother, a father and a husband.
(i) What are the obligations that every man has in life?
(ii) Why was it impossible for a coloured man to fulfil his obligations?
(iii) How were the people who tried to fulfil the obligations, treated in South Africa?
(iv) What is required to fulfil these obligations?
Answer:
(i) Every man has two obligations, one is to his family and second to his community and country.
(ii) In South Africa if a coloured man tried to fulfil his obligations, he was punished and isolated.
(iii) Those who tried to fulfil these obligations were ripped from their families and were forced to live a life of isolation and rebellion.
(iv) A civil and humane society is needed to fulfil these obligations.

Question 9.
I was not born with a hunger to be free. I was born free—free in every way that I could know. Free to run in the fields near my mother’s hut, free to swim in the clear stream that ran through my village, free to roast mealies under the stars and ride the broad backs of slow-moving bulls. As long as I obeyed my father and abided by the customs of my tribe, I was not troubled by the laws of man or God. It was only when I began to learn that my boyhood freedom was an illusion, when I discovered as a young man that my freedom had already been taken from me, that I began to hunger for it. At first, as a student, I wanted freedom only for myself, the transitory freedoms of being able to stay out at night, read what I pleased and go where I chose. Later, as a young man in Johannesburg, I yearned for the basic and honourable freedoms of achieving my potential, of earning my keep, of marrying and having a family—the freedom not to be obstructed in a lawful life.
(i) In what ways was Mandela free?
(ii) What kind of freedom did Mandela yearn for as a man?
(iii) What did he want as a student?
(iv) What did he learn?
Answer:
(i) Mandela was free to run in the fields, to swim in the stream, free to roast mealies and ride the broad sucks of slow-moving bulls.
(ii) Mandela yearned for the basic and honourable freedom of achieving his potential of earning his life.
(iii) He wanted, as a student, freedom for himself, the freedom of being able to stay out at night, read what he wanted and go out where he chose.
(iv) He learnt that his boyhood freedom was an illusion.

Here we are providing Fog Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English First Flight, Extra Questions for Class 10 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-10-english/

Fog Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English First Flight

Fog Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Fog Extra Questions And Answers Question 1.
How does a eat behave?
Answer:
A cat is very quiet. It comes quietly and stealthily on its little padded feet. It sits on the haunches and observes the city and the harbour. Then, it moves on silently without making any noise.

Fog Class 10 Extra Questions And Answers Question 2.
How is the fog like a cat?
Answer:
The poet finds the fog like a cat. The fog comes stealthily like a cat. It sits looking over the harbour and city as a cat does. Later, it moves on just like a cat to settle somewhere else. These things prove that the fog’s comparison to a cat is appropriate.

Fog Class 10 Extra Questions Question 3.
How does the fog spread over the harbour and the city?
Answer:
The fog-comes to a city stealthily just like a cat. It makes no noise. It spreads over the harbour and the city and settles over them for sometimes. There, it rises high and moves away. In this way the fog arrives over a city, observes it and then leaves it to move away.

Fog Class 10 Questions And Answers Question 4.
Difficulties come but they are not to stay forever. They come and go. Comment referring to the poem “Fog’.
Answer:
None can deny that fact that after every nightfall, there is sunshine. In other words sorrows follow happiness. Life has many ups and downs. We must all accept that problems as a part of life. We should strengthen ourselves so much that we are able to face them and stand up to solve these problems. We should not get carried away. We should learn that time and tide wait for none.

Fog is also symbolic of darkness but it comes quietly like a cat and goes away. It symbolises that if we are not disturbed by difficulties then life will itself move to lighter side and things will be easy to confront. We should always remember that, we must face all the problems boldly.

Fog Question Answer Question 5.
Write the central idea of the poem “Fog”.
Answer:
The poet Carl Sandburg in his poem ‘Fog’ describes fog as a cat. Fog is treated to be a living creature. Fog comes quietly and stealthily like a cat. Fog sits looking over the harbour like a cat does. Then it moves to settle somewhere else. Just as cat doesn’t settle at one place and in the same way fog keeps on moving and finally vanishes.

Fog Poem Class 10 Question Answer Question 6.
The poet is able to visualize the image of a cat in the fog. Similarly there is an inseparable connection between native and all creations in it. Based on the reading of the poem, write a paragraph on the topic—“God lives in His creations in native”.
Answer:
God is omnipresent and nature is a gift of God to us. Nature has both, the power to sanctify and power to destroy. He makes his presence which provides us with the vital oxygen, the food that grows beneath and above the ground, the water that satisfies out thirst etc. He has made everything and everyone with a purpose and he lives in all of them. Nature cannot exist on its own. It is because God’s reflection falls on each of his creation that we, mere mortals survive and thrive on this planet. Thus, we must always respect, love, and care for all of God’s creations.

Fog By Carl Sandburg Question Answer Question 6.
(i) What does Sandburg think the fog is like?
(ii) How does the fog come?
(iii) What does ‘it’ in the third line refer to?
(iv) Does the poet actually say that the fog is like a cat? Find three things that tell us that the fog is like a cat.
Answer:
(i) According to Sandburg, the fog is like a cat.
(ii) The fog comes on little cat’s feet.
(iii) In the third line ‘it’ refers to the fog that has covered the city and it seems as if it is looking over the city like a cat.
(iv) No, the poet does not actually say that the fog is like a cat. However, he has used cat as a metaphor for describing the fog. He says that the fog comes on its little cat feet, which implies that the fog, like a cat, comes slowly. He also says that the fog looks over the harbour and the city and then moves on, implying that the fog has covered the city and is sitting and looking at it, thereby again comparing it to a cat.

This is reiterated when he says that the fog looks over the city sitting on ‘silent haunches’. This also shows the reference to a cat as a cat always sits with its knees bent. Hence, he has compared the fog to a cat without actually saying so.

The Fog Question Answer Question 7.
You know that a metaphor compares two things by transferring a feature of one thing to the other
(See Unit 1).
(i) Find metaphors for the following words and complete the table below.
Also try to say how they are alike. The first is done for you.

Storm	tiger	pounces over the fields, growls
Train
Fire
School
Home

Storm	tiger	pounces over the fields, growls
Train	Gush of wind	Very fast movement
Fire	Anger	Danger that surrounds both on the basis of their intensities.
School	Gateway	Leads to adulthood and a life of responsibility.
Home	Nest	Provides hospitable, loving environment.

Class 10 English Fog Question Answer Question 8.
Does this poem have a rhyme scheme? Poetry that does not have an obvious rhythm or rhyme is called ‘free verse’.
Answer:
No, this poem does not have a rhyme scheme. It is written in ‘free verse’

Fog Extra Questions and Answers Reference to Context

Read the following stanza and answer the questions that follow:

Question 1.
The Fog comes on little cat feet.
(i) Name the poem and poet.
(ii) How does the fog come?
(iii) Who is the fog compared to?
(iv) What is the meaning of the phrase “Little cat feet”?
Answer:
(i) These lines have been taken from the poem ‘Fog’ composed by Carl Sandburg.
(ii) The fog comes stealthily.
(iii) The fog is compared to cat.
(iv) Fog comes stealthily and silently, as a cat. Therefore the arrival of fog is described as if it is coming like a walking cat.

Question 2.
It sits looking over harbour and city on silent haunches and then moves on.
(i) What does ‘it’ refer to?
(ii) Where does it settle over?
(iii) What is ‘it’ compared to?
(iv) Name the poem and poet.
Answer:
(i) It refers to the fog.
(ii) ‘It’ settles over the harbour and the city.
(iii) ‘It’ is compared to the cat.
(iv) The poem “Fog” composed by “Carl Sandburg”.