CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Hindi Course A Set 2 with Solutions

Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Hindi with Solutions and marking scheme Course A Set 2 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Hindi Course A Set 2 with Solutions

निर्धारित समय : 3 घंटे
अधिकतम अंक : 80

सामान्य निर्देश:
(क) इस प्रश्न-पत्र के दो खंड हैं- ‘अ’ और ‘ब’।
(ख) खंड ‘अ’ में कुल 10 वस्तुपरक प्रश्न पूछे गए हैं। सभी प्रश्नों में उपप्रश्न दिए गए हैं। दिए गए निर्देशों का पालन करते हुए प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए।
(ग) खंड ‘ब’ में कुल 7 वर्णनात्मक प्रश्न पूछे गए हैं। प्रश्नों में आंतरिक विकल्प दिए गए हैं। दिए गए निर्देशों का पालन करते हुए प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए।

खंड ‘अ’- वस्तुपरक प्रश्न ( अंक 40)

अपठित गद्यांश (अंक 5)

प्रश्न 1.
गद्यांश को ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़िए और उस पर आधारित प्रश्नों के उत्तर सही विकल्प चुनकर दीजिए। (1 × 5 = 5)
उत्तर-
उन्नीसवीं शताब्दी से पहले, मानव और पशु दोनों की आबादी भोजन की उपलब्धता तथा प्राकृतिक विपदाओं आदि के कारण सीमित रहती थी। कालांतर में जब औद्योगिक क्रांति के कारण मानव सभ्यता की समृद्धि में भारी वृद्धि हुई तब उसके परिणामस्वरूप कई पश्चिमी देश ऐसी बाधाओं से लगभग अनिवार्य रूप से मुक्त हो गए। इससे वैज्ञानिकों ने अंदाजा लगाया कि अब मानव जनसंख्या विस्फोटक रूप से बढ़ सकती है।

परंतु इन देशों में परिवारों का औसत आकार घटने लगा था और जल्दी ही समृद्धि और प्रजनन के बीच एक उलटा संबंध प्रकाश में आ गया था। जीवविज्ञानियों ने मानव समाज की तुलना जानवरों की दुनिया से कर इस संबंध को समझाने की कोशिश की और कहा कि ऐसे जानवर जिनके अधिक बच्चे होते हैं, वे अधिकतर प्रतिकूल वातावरण में रहते हैं और ये वातावरण प्रायः उनके लिए प्राकृतिक खतरों से भरे रहते हैं।

चूँकि इनकी संतानों के जीवित रहने की संभावना कम होती है, इसलिए कई संतानें पैदा करने से यह संभावना बढ़ जाती है कि उनमें से कम से कम एक या दो जीवित रहेंगी। इसके विपरीत, जिन जानवरों के बच्चे कम होते हैं, वे स्थिर और अनुकूल वातावरण में रहते हैं। ठीक इसी प्रकार यदि समृद्ध वातावरण में रहने वाले लोग केवल कुछ ही बच्चे पैदा करते हैं, तो उनके ये कम बच्चे उन बच्चों को पछाड़ देंगे, जिनके परिवार इतने समृद्ध नहीं थे तथा इनकी आपस की प्रतिस्पर्धा भी कम होगी। इस सिद्धांत के आलोचकों का तर्क है कि पशु और मानव व्यवहार की तुलना नहीं की जा सकती है।

वे इसके बजाए यह तर्क देते हैं कि सामाजिक दृष्टिकोण में परिवर्तन इस घटना को समझाने के लिए पर्याप्त हैं। श्रम-आश्रित परिवारों में बच्चों की बड़ी संख्या एक वरदान के समान होती है। वे जल्दी काम कर परिवार की आय बढ़ाते हैं। जैसे-जैसे समाज समृद्ध होता जाता है, वैसे-वैसे बच्चे जीवन के लगभग पहले 25-30 सालों तक शिक्षा ग्रहण करते हैं। जीवन के प्रारंभिक वर्षों में उर्वरता अधिक होती है तथा देर से विवाह के कारण संतानों की संख्या कम हो जाने की संभावना बनी रहती है।

(i) निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा ऊपर लिखित पाठ्यांश का प्राथमिक उद्देश्य है?
(क) मानव परिवारों के आकार के संबंध में दिए उस स्पष्टीकरण की आलोचना जो पूरी तरह से जानवरों की दुनिया से ली गई टिप्पणियों पर आधारित है।
(ख) औद्योगिक क्रांति के बाद अपेक्षित जनसंख्या विस्फोट न होने के कारणों की विवेचना।
(ग) औद्योगिक क्रांति से पहले और बाद में पर्यावरणीय प्रतिबंधों और सामाजिक दृष्टिकोणों से परिवार का आकार कैसे प्रभावित हुआ, का अंतर्संबंध दर्शाना।
(घ) परिवार का आकार बढ़ी हुई समृद्धि के साथ घटता है। इस तथ्य को समझने के लिए दो वैकल्पिक सिद्धांत प्रस्तुत करना।
उत्तर-
(घ) परिवार का आकार बढ़ी हुई समृद्धि के साथ घटता है। इस तथ्य को समझने के लिए दो वैकल्पिक सिद्धांत प्रस्तुत करना।

(ii) पाठ्यांश के अनुसार निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा जनसंख्या विस्फोट के विषय में सत्य है?
(क) पश्चिमी देशों में इसलिए नहीं हुआ, क्योंकि औद्योगीकरण से प्राप्त समृद्धि ने परिवारों को बच्चों की शिक्षा की विस्तारित अवधि को वहन करने का सामर्थ्य प्रदान किया था।
(ख) यह घटना विश्व के उन क्षेत्रों तक सीमित है, जहाँ औद्योगिक क्रांति नहीं हुई है।
(ग) श्रम आधारित अर्थव्यवस्था में केवल उद्योग के आधार पर ही परिवार का आकार निर्भर रहता है।
(घ) इसकी भविष्यवाणी पश्चिमी देशों में औद्योगिक क्रांति के समय जीवित कुछ लोगों द्वारा की गई थी।
उत्तर-
(घ) इसकी भविष्यवाणी पश्चिमी देशों में औद्योगिक क्रांति के समय जीवित कुछ लोगों द्वारा की गई थी।

(iii) अंतिम अनुच्छेद निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा कार्य करता है?
(क) यह पहले अनुच्छेद में वर्णित घटना के लिए एक वैकल्पिक स्पष्टीकरण प्रस्तुत करता है।
(ख) यह दूसरे अनुच्छेद में प्रस्तुत स्पष्टीकरण की आलोचना करता है।
(ग) यह वर्णन करता है कि समाज के समृद्ध होने के साथ सामाजिक दृष्टिकोण कैसे बदलते हैं।
(घ) यह दूसरे अनुच्छेद में प्रस्तुत घटना की व्याख्या करता है।
उत्तर-
(क) यह पहले अनुच्छेद में वर्णित घटना के लिए एक वैकल्पिक स्पष्टीकरण प्रस्तुत करता है।

(iv) पाठ्यांश में निम्नलिखित में से किसका उल्लेख औद्योगिक देशों में औसत परिवार का आकार हाल ही में गिरने के एक संभावित कारण के रूप में नहीं किया गया है।
(क) शिक्षा की विस्तारित अवधि।
(ख) पहले की अपेक्षा देरी से विवाह करना।
(ग) बदला हुआ सामाजिक दृष्टिकोण।
(घ) औद्योगिक अर्थव्यवस्थाओं में मजदूरों की बढ़ती माँग।
उत्तर-
(घ) औद्योगिक अर्थव्यवस्थाओं में मजदूरों की बढ़ती माँग।

(v) पाठ्यांश में दी गई कौन-सी जानकारी बताती है कि निम्नलिखित में से किस जानवर के कई बच्चे होने की संभावना है?
(क) एक विशाल शाकाहारी जो घास के मैदानों में रहता है और अपनी संतानों की भरसक सुरक्षा करता है।
(ख) एक सर्वभक्षी, जिसकी आबादी कई छोटे द्वीपों तक सीमित है और जिसे मानव अतिक्रमण से खतरा है।
(ग) एक मांसाहारी जिसका कोई प्राकृतिक शिकारी नहीं है, लेकिन उसे भोजन की आपूर्ति बनाए रखने के लिए लंबी दूरी तय करनी पड़ती है।
(घ) एक ऐसा जीव जो मैदानों और झीलों में कई प्राणियों का शिकार बनता है।
उत्तर-
(घ) एक ऐसा जीव जो मैदानों और झीलों में कई प्राणियों का शिकार बनता है।

अथवा

विज्ञान-शिक्षण के पक्षधरों ने कल्पना की थी कि शिक्षा में इसकी शुरुआत पारंपरिकता, कृत्रिमता और पिछड़ेपन को दूर करेगी। यह सोच पुराने समय से चली आ रही- ‘तथ्य प्रचुर पाठ्यचर्या’, जिसके अंतर्गत-आलोचना, चुनौती, सृजनात्मकता व विवेचनात्मकता का अभाव था, आदि के कारण पैदा हो रही थी। मानवतावादियों ने सोचा था कि वैज्ञानिक पद्धति मध्यकालीन मतवाद के अंधविश्वासों को जड़ से मिटा देगी।

किंतु हमारे शिक्षकों ने रासायनिक प्रतिक्रियाओं की समझ को भी प्रेमचंद की कहानियों की तरह केवल पढ़ा व रटाकर उन्हें नीरस बना दिया। शिक्षा में विज्ञान-शिक्षण सम्मिलित करने के लिए यह तर्क दिया गया था कि इससे बच्चे विज्ञान की खोजों से परिचित हो सकेंगे तथा अपने वास्तविक जीवन में घट रही घटनाओं के बारे में कुछ सीखेंगे। वे वैज्ञानिक विधि का अध्ययन कर तार्किक रूप से कैसे सोचना है, के कौशल में पारंगत होंगे।

इन उद्देश्यों में से केवल पहले ही में एक सीमित सफलता मिली है। दूसरे व तीसरे में व्यावहारिक रूप से बच्चे कुछ भी नहीं प्राप्त कर पा रहे हैं। अधिकतर बच्चों से भौतिकी और रसायन विज्ञान के तथ्यों के बारे में कुछ जानने की उम्मीद की जा सकती है, लेकिन वे शायद ही जानते हों कि उनका कंप्यूटर अथवा कार का इंजन कैसे कार्य करता है अथवा क्यों उनकी माता जी सब्जी पकाने के लिए उसे छोटे टुकड़ों में काटती हैं।

जबकि वैज्ञानिक पद्धति में रुचि रखने वाले किसी भी उज्ज्वल लड़के को ये बातें सहज रूप से ही ज्ञात हो जाती हैं। वैज्ञानिक पद्धति की शिक्षा अधिकांश विद्यालयों में भली प्रकार से नहीं दी जा रही है। दरअसल, शिक्षकों ने अपनी सुविधा और परीक्षा-केंद्रित सोच के कारण, यह सुनिश्चित कर लिया है कि छात्र वैज्ञानिक पद्धति न सीखकर ठीक इसका उल्टा सीखें, अर्थात वे जो बताएँ, उस पर आँख मूंदकर विश्वास करें और पूछे जाने पर उसे जस का तस परीक्षा में लिख दें।

वैज्ञानिक पद्धति को आत्मसात करने के लिए लंबे व्यक्तिगत अनुभव तथा परिश्रम व धैर्य पर आधारित वैज्ञानिक मूल्यों की आवश्यकता होती है, और जब तक इसे संभव बनाने के लिए शैक्षिक या सामाजिक

प्रणलियों को बदल नहीं दिया जाता है, वैज्ञानिक तकनीक में सक्षम केवल कुछ बच्चे ही सामने आएँगे तथा इन तकनीकों को आगे विकसित करने वालों की संख्या इसका भी अंश मात्र ही होगी।

(i) लेखक का तात्पर्य है कि शिक्षकों ने?
(क) अपने सीमित ज्ञान के कारण विज्ञान पढ़ाने में रुचि नहीं ली है।
(ख) विज्ञान शिक्षा को लागू करने के प्रयासों को विफल किया है।
(ग) बच्चों को अनुभव आधारित ज्ञान प्राप्त करने के लिए प्रेरित किया है।
(घ) मानतावादियों का समर्थन करते हुए कार्य किया है।
उत्तर-
(ख) विज्ञान शिक्षा को लागू करने के प्रयासों को विफल किया है।

(ii) स्कूल शिक्षा में विज्ञान शिक्षण के प्रति लेखक का क्या रवैया है?
(क) तटस्थ
(ख) सकारात्मक
(ग) व्यंग्यात्मक
(घ) नकारात्मक
उत्तर-
(घ) नकारात्मक

(iii) उपर्युक्त पाठ्यांश निम्नलिखित में से किस दशक में लिखा गया होगा?
(क) 1950-60
(ख) 1970-80
(ग) 1980-90
(घ) 2000-10
उत्तर-
(क) 1950-60

(iv) लेखक वैज्ञानिक पद्धति को लागू करने में विफलता के लिए निम्नलिखित किस कारक को सबसे अधिक ज़िम्मेदार ठहराता है?
(क) शिक्षक
(ख) परीक्षा के तरीके
(ग) प्रत्यक्ष अनुभव की कमी
(घ) सामाजिक और शिक्षा प्रणाली
उत्तर-
(ग) प्रत्यक्ष अनुभव की कमी

(v) यदि लेखक वर्तमान समय में आकर विज्ञान शिक्षण का प्रभाव सुनिश्चित करना चाहे तो निम्नलिखित में से किस प्रश्न के उत्तर में दिलचस्पी लेगा?
(क) क्या छात्र दुनिया के बारे में अधिक जानते हैं?
(ख) क्या छात्र प्रयोगशालाओं में अधिक समय बिताते हैं?
(ग) क्या छात्र अपने ज्ञान को तार्किक रूप से लागू कर सकते हैं?
(घ) क्या पाठ्यपुस्तकों में तथ्याधारित सामग्री बढ़ी है?
उत्तर-
(ग) क्या छात्र अपने ज्ञान को तार्किक रूप से लागू कर सकते हैं?

अपठित पद्यांश (अंक 5)

प्रश्न  2.
पद्यांश को ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़िए और उस पर आधारित प्रश्नों के उत्तर सही विकल्प चुनकर दीजिए। (1 × 5 = 5)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Hindi Course A Set 2 with Solutions 2

(i) काव्यांश आपके अनुसार किस विषय पर लिखा गया है?
(क) गाँव के बच्चों में कुपोषण की समस्या।
(ख) गाँव के बच्चों में चेतना ज्ञान का अभाव।
(ग) गाँवों में चिकित्सा सुविधाओं का अभाव।
(घ) गाँव के बच्चों की दयनीय दशा का वर्णन।
उत्तर-
(घ) गाँव के बच्चों की दयनीय दशा का वर्णन।

(ii) दूसरे पद में कवि कह रहा है कि?
(क) गाँव में विज्ञान की शिक्षा नहीं दी जा रही है।
(ख) गाँव में शिशु जन्म हेतु पर्याप्त दाइयाँ नहीं हैं।
(ग) गाँव में बच्चे स्वास्थ्य के प्रति सजग रहकर शारीरिक व्यायाम कर रहे हैं। ङ्के
(घ) गाँव में बच्चे अपने मित्रों के साथ धूल में कुश्ती जैसे खेल खेल रहे हैं।
उत्तर-
(ख) गाँव में शिशु जन्म हेतु पर्याप्त दाइयाँ नहीं हैं।

(iii) गाँव के बच्चों की स्थिति कैसी है?
(क) कुपोषित, खिन्न तथा अशिक्षित है।
(ख) क्षीणकाय, किंतु कुल के मान का ध्यान करने वाले हैं।
(ग) प्राकृतिक वातावरण में रहते हुए स्फूर्ति से भरे हुए हैं।
(घ) पशुओं की तरह बलिष्ठ परंतु असहाय व मूक हैं।
उत्तर-
(क) कुपोषित, खिन्न तथा अशिक्षित है।

(iv) काव्यांश में कवि का रवैया कैसा प्रतीत होता है?
(क) वे बच्चों की दशा के विषय में व्यंग्य कर मनोरंजन करना चाह रहे हैं।
(ख) वे बच्चों की दशा की ओर लोगों का ध्यान आकर्षित करना चाहते हैं।
(ग) वे तटस्थ रहकर बच्चों की शारीरिक व मानसिक दशा का वर्णन कर रहे हैं।
(घ) वे बच्चों की शारीरिक व मानसिक दशा से संतुष्ट प्रतीत होते हैं।
उत्तर-
(ख) वे बच्चों की दशा की ओर लोगों का ध्यान आकर्षित करना चाहते हैं।

(v) तृण-तरुओं से उग-बढ़ ……….., इस पंक्ति का अर्थ है?
(क) घास-फूस की तरह हल्के हैं, इसलिए तिनकों की तरह उड़ रहे हैं।
(ख) पौधों तथा घास की तरह बिना कुछ खाए-पिए बढ़ रहे हैं।
(ग) घास तथा पौधों की तरह पैदा हो रहे हैं तथा मर रहे हैं।
(घ) प्राकृतिक वातावरण में घास व पौधों की तरह फल-फूल रहे हैं।
उत्तर-
(ग) घास तथा पौधों की तरह पैदा हो रहे हैं तथा मर रहे हैं।

अथवा

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Hindi Course A Set 2 with Solutions 1

(i) दिए काव्यांश का क्या उदेदश्य प्रतीत होता है?
(क) आत्मविश्वास जगाने हेतु दृष्टांत प्रस्तुति।
(ख) हर हाल में कार्य करने की प्रेरणा
(ग) जागृति व उत्साहित करने हेतु प्रेरणा।
(घ) जीवन-दर्शन के विषय में प्रोत्साहन।
उत्तर-
(ख) हर हाल में कार्य करने की प्रेरणा

(ii) तू मोती के द्वीप स्वप्न में रहा खोजता-पंक्ति का क्या भाव है?
(क) मोतियों के समान आँसुओं को स्वप्न में आने वाले सुंदर द्वीपों पर नष्ट नहीं करना चाहिए।
(ख) मोती के द्वीप खोजने के लिए सागर में दूर-दूर जाकर कष्टदायी विचरण करना होगा।
(ग) जीवन संसाधनों के लिए यथार्थ में रहकर प्रयत्न करना होगा।
(घ) यदि ऐसा होगा तो जीवन शिला-सा जम जाएगा।
उत्तर-
(ग) जीवन संसाधनों के लिए यथार्थ में रहकर प्रयत्न करना होगा।

(iii) तुझसे हो यदि अग्नि स्नात-पंक्ति का क्या अर्थ है?
(क) यदि तुम जीवन की कष्टतम परिस्थिति झेल लोगे तो जीवन तुम्हारे बलिदान की प्रशंसा करेगा।
(ख) यदि तुम आग के दरिया में डूबकर जाने को तैयार हो तो जीवन-मरण के बंधन से मुक्त हो सकोगे।
(ग) जीवन-प्रलय के महोत्सव में आग लगाने वाला ही सफलतम वीर कहलाएगा।
(घ) यदि तुम जीवन में बलिदान करोगे तो जग सदा तुम्हारे जीवन की सराहना करेगा।
उत्तर-
यदि तुम जीवन की कष्टतम परिस्थिति झेल लोगे तो जीवन तुम्हारे बलिदान की प्रशंसा करेगा।

(iv) समय को गतिशील करने के लिए क्या आवश्यक है?
(क) समय का सदुपयोग कर मानव-कल्याण में लगे रहना
(ख) तुच्छ कार्यों में संलग्न न रहकर समय नष्ट होने से बचाना।
(ग) अपने हाल की परवाह न करते हुए सकारात्मक भाव से कार्य करते रहना।
(घ) ‘टाल मटोल-समय का चोर’ कथनानुसार स्वस्ति (शुभ) कार्य करने में टाल-मटोल न करना।
उत्तर-
(ग) अपने हाल की परवाह न करते हुए सकारात्मक भाव से कार्य करते रहना।

(v) काव्यांश के अनुसार ‘फूलों की ओट व सुरभि के घेरे’ व्यक्ति के जीवन में क्या कार्य कर सकते हैं?
(क) वे व्यक्ति के जीवन को अपनी सुगंध से शांत व एकाग्र कर सकते हैं।
(ख) वे अपने औषधीय गुणों से व्यक्ति का जीवन व्याधिमुक्त कर सकते हैं।
(ग) वे उसे लक्ष्य-प्राप्ति के मार्ग से विचलित कर सकते हैं।
(घ) फूल उर्वरता व समृद्धि के प्रतीक हैं। वे जीवन में ईश्वर के प्रति निकटता लाने में सहायक हो सकते हैं।
उत्तर-
(ग) वे उसे लक्ष्य-प्राप्ति के मार्ग से विचलित कर सकते हैं।

व्यावहारिक व्याकरण (अंक 16)

प्रश्न 3.
निम्नलिखित पाँच भागों में से किन्हीं चार भागों के उत्तर दीजिए। (1 × 4 = 4)
(i) ‘हर्षिता बहुत विनम्र है और सर्वत्र सम्मान प्राप्त करती है।’ रचना के आधार पर वाक्य-भेद है?
(क) सरल वाक्य
(ख) मिश्र वाक्य
(ग) संयुक्त वाक्य
(घ) साधारण वाक्य
उत्तर-
(ग) संयुक्त वाक्य

(ii) निम्नलिखित में मिश्र वाक्य है?
(क) मैंने एक वृद्ध की सहायता की।
(ख) जो विद्यार्थी परिश्रमी होता है, वह अवश्य सफल होता है।
(ग) अध्यापिका ने अवनि की प्रशंसा की तथा उसका उत्साह बढ़ाया।
(घ) नवाब साहब ने संगति के लिए उत्साह नहीं दिखाया।
उत्तर-
(ख) जो विद्यार्थी परिश्रमी होता है, वह अवश्य सफल होता है।

(iii) ‘प्रयश बाजार गया। वहाँ से सेब लाया।’ इस वाक्य का संयुक्त वाक्य में रूपांतरण होगा?
(क) प्रयश बाज़ार गया और वहाँ से सेब लाया।
(ख) प्रयश सेब लाया जब वह बाज़ार गया।
(ग) प्रयश बाज़ार जाकर सेब लाया।
(घ) जब प्रयश बाज़ार गया तो वहाँ से सेब लाया।
उत्तर-
(क) प्रयश बाज़ार गया और वहाँ से सेब लाया।

(iv) ‘जो वीर होते हैं, वे रणभूमि में अपनी वीरता का प्रदर्शन करते है।’ रेखांकित उपवाक्य का भेद है?
(क) संज्ञा आश्रित उपवाक्य
(ख) सर्वनाम आश्रित उपवाक्य
(ग) क्रियाविशेषण आश्रित उपवाक्य
(घ) विशेषण आश्रित उपवाक्य
उत्तर-
(घ) विशेषण आश्रित उपवाक्य

(v) निम्नलिखित में सरल वाक्य है?
(क) प्रात:काल हुआ और सूरज की किरणें चमक उठीं।
(ख) जब प्रात:काल हुआ, सूरज की किरणें चमक उठीं।
(ग) प्रात:काल होते ही सूरज की किरणें चमक उठीं।
(घ) जैसे ही प्रात:काल हुआ सूरज की किरणें चमक उठीं।
उत्तर-
(ग) प्रात:काल होते ही सूरज की किरणें चमक उठीं।

प्रश्न 4.
निम्नलिखित पाँच भागों में से किन्हीं चार भागों के उत्तर दीजिए। (1 × 4 = 4)

(i) इस वाक्य का वाच्य लिखिए- ‘अशोक ने विश्व को शांति का संदेश दिया।’
(क) कर्म वाच्य
(ख) भाव वाच्य
(ग) कर्तृ वाच्य
(घ) करण वाच्य
उत्तर-
(ग) कर्तृ वाच्य

(ii) ‘हम इस खुले मैदान में दौड़ सकते है।’ उपर्युक्त वाक्य को भाव वाच्य में बदलिए।
(क) हम दौड़ सकते हैं, इस खुले मैदान में।
(ख) हम इस खुले मैदान में दौड़ सकेंगे।
(ग) हमसे इस खुले मैदान में दौड़ा जाएगा।
(घ) हमसे इस खुले मैदान में दौड़ा जा सकता है।
उत्तर-
(घ) हमसे इस खुले मैदान में दौड़ा जा सकता है।

(iii) ‘सुमन जल्दी नहीं उठती।’ प्रस्तुत वाक्य को भाव वाच्य में बदलिए।
(क) सुमन जल्दी नहीं उठ पाती।
(ख) सुमन जल्दी से नहीं उठ सकेगी।
(ग) सुमन जल्दी नहीं उठ पाएगी।
(घ) सुमन से जल्दी नहीं उठा जाता।
उत्तर-
(घ) सुमन से जल्दी नहीं उठा जाता।

(iv) निम्नलिखित वाक्यों में से कर्तृ वाच्य वाला वाक्य छाँटिए
(क) अरविंद द्वारा कल पत्र लिखा जाएगा।
(ख) बच्चों द्वारा नमस्कार किया गया।
(ग) सरकार द्वारा लोक कलाकारों का सम्मान किया गया।
(घ) नेताजी ने देश के लिए अपना सब कुछ त्याग दिया।
उत्तर-
(घ) नेताजी ने देश के लिए अपना सब कुछ त्याग दिया।

(v) निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा भाव वाच्य का सही विकल्प नहीं है?
(क) मुझसे अब देखा नहीं जाता।
(ख) आइए चला जाए।
(ग) हमें धोखा दिया जा रहा है।
(घ) राधा से बोला नहीं जाता।
उत्तर-
(ग) हमें धोखा दिया जा रहा है।

प्रश्न 5.
निम्नलिखित पाँच भागों में से किन्हीं चार भागों के उत्तर दीजिए। (1 × 4 = 4)

(i) सूरदास ने सूरसागर की रचना की।’- रेखांकित पद का परिचय है?
(क) जातिवाचक संज्ञा, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, कर्ता कारक।
(ख) व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, संबंध कारक।
(ग) व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, कर्ता कारक
(घ) जातिवाचक संज्ञा, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, कर्ता कारक।
उत्तर-
(ग) व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, कर्ता कारक

(ii) ‘वह नित्य घूमने जाता है।’- रेखांकित पद का परिचय है?
(क) गुणवाचक विशेषण, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, ‘घूमने जाता है’ क्रिया की विशेषता।
(ख) रीतिवाचक क्रियाविशेषण, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, ‘घूमने जाता है’ क्रिया की विशेषता।
(ग) अव्यय, स्थानवाचक क्रियाविशेषण, ‘घूमने जाता है’ क्रिया की विशेषता।
(घ) अव्यय, कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण, ‘घूमने जाता है’ क्रिया की विशेषता।
उत्तर-
(घ) अव्यय, कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण, ‘घूमने जाता है’ क्रिया की विशेषता।

(iii) ‘तालाब में कमल खिलते हैं।’- रेखांकित पद का परिचय है?
(क) सकर्मक क्रिया, बहुवचन, पुल्लिंग, वर्तमान काल, कर्तृ वाच्य।
(ख) अकर्मक क्रिया, बहुवचन, पुल्लिंग, वर्तमान काल, कर्तृ वाच्य।
(ग) सकर्मक क्रिया, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, वर्तमान काल, कर्तृ वाच्य।
(घ) अकर्मक क्रिया, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिंग, वर्तमान काल, कर्तृवाच्य।
उत्तर-
(ख) अकर्मक क्रिया, बहुवचन, पुल्लिंग, वर्तमान काल, कर्तृ वाच्य।

(iv) ‘रंग-बिरंगे फूल देखकर मन प्रसन्न हो गया।’- रेखांकित पद का परिचय है?
(क) संख्यावाचक विशेषण, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, ‘फूल’ विशेष्य का विशेषण।
(ख) गुणवाचक विशेषण, बहुवचन, पुल्लिंग, ‘फूल’ विशेष्य का विशेषण।
(ग) गुणवाचक विशेषण, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, ‘फूल’ विशेष्य का विशेषण।
(घ) गुणवाचक विशेषण, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिंग, ‘फूल’ विशेष्य का विशेषण।
उत्तर-
(ख) गुणवाचक विशेषण, बहुवचन, पुल्लिंग, ‘फूल’ विशेष्य का विशेषण।

(v) ‘प्रधानाचार्य ने आपको बुलाया है।’- रेखांकित पद का परिचय है?
(क) मध्यम पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिंग, बहुवचन, कर्ता कारक।
(ख) निजवाचक सर्वनाम, पुल्लिंग, एकवचन, कर्ता कारक।
(ग) मध्यम पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिंग/पुल्लिंग, एकवचन, कर्म कारक।
(घ) उत्तम पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिंग/पुल्लिंग, एकवचन, कर्म कारक।
उत्तर-
(ग) मध्यम पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिंग/पुल्लिंग, एकवचन, कर्म कारक।

प्रश्न 6.
निम्नलिखित पाँच भागों में से किन्हीं चार भागों के उत्तर दीजिए। (1 × 4 = 4)
(i) भय की अधिकता में किस रस की निष्पत्ति होती है?
(क) वीर रस
(ख) करुण रस
(ग) भयानक रस
(घ) रौद्र रस
उत्तर-
(ग) भयानक रस

(ii) ‘निर्वेद’ किस रस का स्थायी भाव है?
(क) शांत रस
(ख) करुण रस
(ग) हास्य रस
(घ) शृंगार रस
उत्तर-
(क) शांत रस

(iii) ‘तनकर भाला यूँ बोल उठा राणा मुझको विश्राम न दे मुझको वैरी से ह्रदय-क्षोभ तू तनिक मुझे आराम न दे।’ उपर्युक्त काव्य पंक्तियों में निहित रस है?
(क) वीर रस
(ख) शांत रस
(ग) करुण रस
(घ) रौद्र रस
उत्तर-
(क) वीर रस

(iv) किस रस को ‘रसराज’ भी कहा जाता है?
(क) शांत रस।
(ख) करुण रस।
(ग) हास्य रस।
(घ) शृंगार रस
उत्तर-
(घ) शृंगार रस

(v) ‘वीभत्स रस’ का स्थायी भाव है?
(क) उत्साह
(ख) शोक
(ग) जुगुप्सा
(घ) हास
उत्तर-
(ग) जुगुप्सा

पाठ्यपुस्तक (अंक 14)

प्रश्न 7.
निम्नलिखित गद्यांश को पढ़कर प्रश्नों के सर्वाधिक उपयुक्त विकल्पों का चयन कीजिए। (1 x 5=5)
खेतीबारी करते, परिवार रखते भी, बालगोबिन भगत साधु थे- साधु की सब परिभाषाओं में खरे उतरनेवाले। कबीर को ‘साहब’ मानते थे, उन्हीं के गीतों को गाते, उन्हीं के आदेशों पर चलते। कभी झूठ नहीं बोलते, खरा व्यवहार रखते। किसी से भी दो-टूक बात करने में संकोच नहीं करते, न किसी से खामखाह झगड़ा मोल लेते। किसी की चीज़ नहीं छूते, न बिना पूछे व्यवहार में लाते। इस नियम को कभी-कभी इतनी बारीकी तक ले जाते कि लोगों को कुतूहल होता!- कभी वह दूसरे के खेत में शौच के लिए भी नहीं बैठते! वह गृहस्थ थे; लेकिन उनकी सब चीज़ ‘साहब’ की थी। जो कुछ खेत में पैदा होता, सिर पर लादकर पहले उसे ‘साहब’ के दरबार में ले जाते- जो उनके घर से चार कोस दूर पर था-एक कबीरपंथी मठ से मतलब! वह दरबार में ‘भेंट’ रूप रख लिया जाता। ‘प्रसाद’ रूप में जो उन्हें मिलता, उसे घर लाते और उसी से गुज़र चलाते!

(i) लेखक ने बालगोबिन भगत को साधु क्यों कहा है?
(क) वे साधु के समान दिखते थे।
(ख) वे मोह-माया से दूर थे।
(ग) वे सच्चे साधुओं जैसा ही उत्तम आचार-विचार रखते थे।
(घ) वे किसी से झगड़ा नहीं करते थे।
उत्तर-
(ग) वे सच्चे साधुओं जैसा ही उत्तम आचार-विचार रखते थे।

(ii) बालगोबिन भगत का कौन-सा कार्य-व्यवहार लोगों के आश्चर्य का विषय था?
(क) जीवन के सिद्धांतों और आदर्शों का गहराई से अपने आचरण में पालन करना।
(ख) गीत गाते रहना।
(ग) किसी से झगड़ा न करना।
(घ) अपना काम स्वयं करना।
उत्तर-
(क) जीवन के सिद्धांतों और आदर्शों का गहराई से अपने आचरण में पालन करना।

(iii) बालगोबिन भगत कबीर के आदर्शों पर चलते थे क्योंकि?
(क) कबीर भगवान का रूप थे।
(ख) वे कबीर की विचारधारा से प्रभावित थे।
(ग) कबीर उनके गाँव के मुखिया थे।
(घ) कबीर उनके मित्र थे।
उत्तर-
(ख) वे कबीर की विचारधारा से प्रभावित थे।

(iv) बालगोबिन भगत के खेत में जो कुछ पैदा होता, उसे वे सर्वप्रथम किसे भेंट कर देते?
(क) गरीबों को
(ख) मंदिर में
(ग) घर में
(घ) कबीरपंथी मठ में
उत्तर-
(घ) कबीरपंथी मठ में

(v) ‘वह गृहस्थ थे; लेकिन उनकी सब चीज़ ‘साहब’ की थी।’ यहाँ ‘साहब’ से क्या आशय है?
(क) गुरु
(ख) मुखिया
(ग) कबीर
(घ) भगवान
उत्तर-
(ग) कबीर

प्रश्न 8.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर सही विकल्प चुनकर लिखिए। (1 x 2 = 2 )
(i) ‘नेताजी का चश्मा’ कहानी में कैप्टन कौन था?
(क) हालदार साहब
(ख) पानवाला
(ग) चश्मे बेचनेवाला
(घ) अध्यापक
उत्तर-
(ग) चश्मे बेचनेवाला

(ii) फ़ादर कामिल बुल्के का हिंदी प्रेम किस प्रसंग से प्रकट होता है?
(क) उन्होंने प्रामाणिक अंग्रेज़ी-हिंदी शब्दकोश तैयार किया।
(ख) भारत आकर पढ़ना।
(ग) ‘परिमल’ के सदस्यों से गहरा लगाव।
(घ) भारतीय संस्कृति के अभिन्न अंग थे।
उत्तर-
(क) उन्होंने प्रामाणिक अंग्रेज़ी-हिंदी शब्दकोश तैयार किया।

प्रश्न 9.
निम्नलिखित पद्यांश को पढ़कर प्रश्नों के सर्वाधिक उपर्युक्त विकल्पों का चयन कीजिए। (1 x 5 = 5)
हमारे हरि हारिल की लकरी। ङ्केमन क्रम बचन नंद-नंदन उर, यह दृढ़ करि पारी) जागत सोवत स्वप्न दिवस-निसि, कान्ह-कान्ह जकरी। सुनत जोग लागत है ऐसौ, ज्यौं करुई ककरी। सु तौ ब्याधि हमकौ लै आए, देखी सुनी न करी। यह तौ ‘सूर’ तिनहिं लै सौंपौ, जिनके मन चकरी।।

(i) गोपियों ने अपनी तुलना हारिल के पक्षी से क्यों की है?
(क) हारिल पक्षी सदैव लकड़ी लिए उड़ता है।
(ख) गोपियों को हारिल पक्षी पसंद है।
(ग) श्रीकृष्ण के प्रति अपने एकनिष्ठ प्रेम के कारण
(घ) श्रीकृष्ण के प्रति अपनी नाराज़गी के कारण
उत्तर-
(ग) श्रीकृष्ण के प्रति अपने एकनिष्ठ प्रेम के कारण

(ii) ‘नंद-नंदन विशेषण किसके लिए प्रयुक्त हुआ है?
(क) श्रीकृष्ण के लिए
(ख) गोपियों के लिए
(ग) उद्धव के लिए
(घ) नंद के लिए
उत्तर-
(क) श्रीकृष्ण के लिए

(iii) गोपियाँ किसे व्याधि कह रही हैं?
(क) उद्धव की बातों को
(ख) उद्धव के योग ज्ञान को
(ग) श्रीकृष्ण के विरह को
(घ) श्रीकृष्ण के प्रेम को
उत्तर-
(ख) उद्धव के योग ज्ञान को

(iv) गोपियों को योग-साधना कैसी लगती है?
(क) हारिल की लकड़ी की तरह
(ख) हारिल पक्षी के समान
(ग) जिसे कभी न देखा हो
(घ) कड़वी ककड़ी के समान
उत्तर-
(घ) कड़वी ककड़ी के समान

(v) गोपियाँ योग का संदेश किनके लिए उपर्युक्त समझती हैं?
(क) जो श्रीकृष्ण से प्रेम नहीं करते
(ख) जिनका मन स्थिर नहीं है
(ग) जिनका मन स्थिर है।
(घ) श्रीकृष्ण के लिए
उत्तर-
(ख) जिनका मन स्थिर नहीं है

प्रश्न 10.
निम्नलिखित में से निर्देशानुसार विकल्पों का चयन कीजिए। (1 x 2 = 2)
(i) क्रोधित होते हुए भी परशुराम जी ने लक्ष्मण का वध क्यों नहीं किया?
(क) लक्ष्मण ने शिव-धनुष भंग नहीं किया था
(ख) लक्ष्मण को कम आयु का बालक जानकर
(ग) सभा में सब उपस्थित थे
(घ) वे ब्राह्मण थे
उत्तर-
(ख) लक्ष्मण को कम आयु का बालक जानकर

(ii) ‘कन्यादान’ कविता में स्त्री जीवन के बंधन किसे कहा गया है?
(क) समाज को
(ख) अशिक्षा को
(ग) अत्याचारों को
(घ) वस्त्रों-आभूषणों को
उत्तर-
(घ) वस्त्रों-आभूषणों को

खंड ‘ब’- वर्णनात्मक प्रश्न (अंक 40)

पाठ्यपुस्तक एवं पूरक पाठ्यपुस्तक (अंक 20)

प्रश्न 11.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर लगभग 25-30 शब्दों में लिखिए। (2 x 4 = 8)
(क) हालदार साहब कैप्टन को देखकर अवाक क्यों रह गए? ‘नेताजी का चश्मा’ पाठ के आधार पर लिखिए।
(ख) बालगोबिन भगत जी अपनी पतोहू को उत्सव मनाने को क्यों कहते हैं?
(ग) ‘लखनवी अंदाज़’ पाठ के आधार पर बताइए कि लेखक ने खीरा खाने से मना क्यों किया?
(घ) फादर कामिल बुल्के एक संन्यासी थे, परंतु पारंपरिक अर्थ में हम उन्हें संन्यासी क्यों नहीं कह सकते?
उत्तर-
(क) हालदार साहब की कल्पना थी कि कैप्टन प्रभावशाली व्यक्तित्व का स्वामी होगा, पर उनकी कल्पना के विपरीत कैप्टन अत्यंत बूढा, कमज़ोर और लँगड़ा आदमी था। ऐसा निर्धन, बूढ़ा तथा कमज़ोर-सा व्यक्ति भी देशभक्ति से ओत-प्रोत हो सकता है, यह देखकर हालदार साहब अवाक रह गए।

(ख) भगत जी का मानना था कि आत्मा परमात्मा का अंश है। वह सदा परमात्मा से मिलने के लिए तड़पती है, जब व्यक्ति मरता है, तो आत्मा परमात्मा से मिल जाती है, उसकी तड़पन समाप्त हो जाती है, इसलिए भगत जी अपनी पतोहू को उत्सव मनाने की बात कह रहे थे।

(ग) लेखक कुछ समय पहले नवाब साहब द्वारा रखे गए खीरे खाने के आमंत्रण को ठुकरा चुके थे, अतः अब आत्मसम्मान निभाना आवश्यक समझने के कारण उन्होंने खीरा खाने से इनकार कर दिया।

(घ) लेखक ने फ़ादर कामिल बुल्के की उपस्थिति को देवदार की छाया के सदृश्य इसलिए कहा है, क्योंकि फ़ादर का विशाल व्यक्तित्व मिलने वालों को शांति, सुकून, आशीर्वाद, प्यार एवं अपनत्व से भर देता था।

प्रश्न 12.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर लगभग 25-30 शब्दों में लिखिए। (2 x 3 = 6)
(क) ‘मनुष्यता’ कविता और ‘अब कहाँ दूसरे के दुख से दुखी होने वाले’ पाठ का केंद्रीय भाव एक ही है। सिद्ध कीजिए।
(ख) ‘अट नहीं रही है’ कविता के आधार पर फागुन में उमड़े प्राकृतिक सौंदर्य का वर्णन अपने शब्दों में कीजिए।
(ग) धनुष भंग करने वाली सभा में एकत्रित जन ‘हाय-हाय’ क्यों पुकारने लगे थे? राम-लक्ष्मण-परशुराम संवाद’ पाठ के आधार पर अपने विचार लिखिए।
उत्तर-
(क) कवि ‘निराला’ ने ‘नवजीवन वाले’ बादलों के लिए प्रयोग किया है। बादलों की विशेषता है कि तप्त धरती के ताप को शांत कर प्रकृति को नया जीवन देते हैं। प्रकृति की प्रफुल्लता के साथ-साथ इनके द्वारा पशु-पक्षी, मानव सभी में नवीन उत्साह का संचार होता है।

(ख) फागुन मास में चारों ओर प्राकृतिक सौंदर्य और उल्लास दिखाई पड़ता है। सरसों के पीले फूलों की चादर बिछ जाती है। लताएँ और डालियाँ रंग-बिरंगे फूलों से सज जाती हैं। पर्यावरण स्वयं प्रफुल्लित हो उठता है।

(ग) सभा में परशुराम और लक्ष्मण के मध्य बहुत तीखी नोक-झोंक हो गई। परशुराम तो स्वभाव से क्रोधी थे ही। लक्ष्मण ने बालक होने पर भी अपने व्यंग्य-वचनों से उनके क्रोध को भड़का दिया। लक्ष्मण द्वारा बहुत तीखे कटाक्ष करने पर सभा में एकत्रित लोग ‘हाय-हाय’ कहने लगे।

प्रश्न 13.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों में से किन्हीं दो प्रश्नों के उत्तर लगभग 40-50 शब्दों में लिखिए। (3 x 2 =6)
(क) ‘माता का अँचल’ पाठ के आधार पर बताइए कि तत्कालीन व वर्तमान समय में बच्चों की खेल-सामग्रियों में क्या परिवर्तन आए हैं? बच्चों के खेलों में हुए परिवर्तनों का उनके मूल्यों पर कितना प्रभाव पड़ा है?
(ख) सरकारी तंत्र में जॉर्ज पंचम की नाक लगाने को लेकर जो चिंता और बदहवासी दिखाई देती है, वह उनकी किस मानसिकता को दर्शाती है? स्पष्ट कीजिए।
(ग) ‘साना-साना हाथ जोड़ि’ पाठ में कहा गया है कि ‘कटाओ’ पर किसी दुकान का न होना वरदान है, ऐसा क्यों? भारत के अन्य प्राकृतिक स्थानों को वरदान बनाने में युवा नागरिक की क्या भूमिका हो सकती है?
उत्तर-
(क) ‘माता का अँचल’ पाठ में भोलानाथ और उसके साथियों के खेल सामूहिक रूप से मिल-जुलकर खेले जाते थे। उनके खेलने की सामग्री बच्चों द्वारा स्वयं निर्मित की जाती थी। घर की अनुपयोगी वस्तु ही उनके खेल की सामग्री बनती थी, जबकि आज प्लास्टिक के खिलौने और इलेक्ट्रॉनिक खिलौनों का प्रचलन है।

खेल-सामग्री में आए अंतर ने बच्चों के नैतिक मूल्यों को भी प्रभावित किया है। वर्तमान समय में बच्चों द्वारा जो खेल खेले जाते हैं, उन्होंने बच्चों को एकाकी बना दिया है। उनमें सहयोग, सहभागिता, सामाजिकता जैसे गुण धीरे-धीरे समाप्त होते जा रहे हैं।

(ख) सरकारी तंत्र में जॉर्ज पंचम की नाक लगाने को लेकर जो चिंता और बदहवासी दिखाई देती है, वह उनकी गुलाम मानसिकता को दर्शाती है। उनके मन में आज भी अंग्रेज़ों की गुलामी और स्वामीभक्ति बसी हुई है। उन्हें अंग्रेज़ों के मान-सम्मान की चिंता अपने मान-सम्मान से अधिक है। इस तरह सरकारी तंत्र अपनी मानसिक गुलामी और चाटुकारिता को दर्शाता है।

(ग) ‘कटाओ’ पर किसी दुकान का न होना उसके लिए वरदान है। यदि इस स्थान पर दुकानें होती तो व्यापारिक गतिविधियाँ बढ़ जातीं, वाहनों का आवागमन बढ़ता, जिससे प्रदूषण तथा तापमान बढ़ जाता। भारत के अन्य प्राकृतिक स्थानों को वरदान बनाने में युवा नागरिक की भूमिका-वहाँ स्वच्छता का विशेष ध्यान रखें, सार्वजनिक वाहनों का प्रयोग करें, वृक्षों को न काटें, नदियों के जल को दूषित न करें, प्राकृतिक संसाधनों का दुरुपयोग न करें, लोगों को पर्यावरण के विषय में जागरूक करें।

लेखन (अंक 20)

प्रश्न 14.
निम्नलिखित में से किसी एक विषय पर दिए गए संकेत-बिन्दुओं के आधार पर लगभग 80-100 शब्दों में एक अनुच्छेद लिखिए। (5 x 1 =5)
(क) परीक्षा से पहले मेरी मनोदशा
संकेत-बिंदु-

  • परीक्षा नाम से भय
  • पर्याप्त तैयारी
  • प्रश्न-पत्र देखकर भय दूर हुआ।

उत्तर-
भूमिका – 1 अंक

(ख) कोरोना वायरस
संकेत-बिंदु-

  • कोरोना का संक्रमण
  • बचाव के उपाय
  • लॉकडाउन के सकारात्मक प्रभाव।

उत्तर-
विषयवस्तु – 3 अंक

(ग) जंक फूड
संकेत-बिंदु-

  • जंक फूड क्या होता है?
  • युवा पीढ़ी और जंक फूड
  • जंक फूड खाने के दुष्परिणाम।

उत्तर-
भाषा – 1 अंक

प्रश्न 15.
एक दैनिक समाचार-पत्र के संपादक को अपनी कविता प्रकाशित करवाने का अनुरोध करते हुए एक पत्र 80-100
शब्दों में लिखिए। (5 x 1 = 5)
अथवा
छात्रावास में रहने वाले अपने छोटे भाई को एक पत्र 80-100 शब्दों में लिखकर प्रातःकाल नियमित रूप से योग एवं प्राणायाम का अभ्यास करने के लिए प्रेरित कीजिए।
उत्तर-

  • आरंभ और अंत की औपचारिकताएँ – 1 अंक
  • विषय वस्तु – 3 अंक
  • भाषा – 1 अंक

प्रश्न 16.
पर्यावरण विभाग की ओर से जल-संरक्षण का आग्रह करते हुए एक विज्ञापन लगभग 25-50 शब्दों में तैयार कीजिए। (5 x 1 =5)
अथवा
‘रोशनी’ मोमबत्ती बनाने वाली कंपनी के लिए एक विज्ञापन लगभग 25-50 शब्दों में तैयार कीजिए।
उत्तर-

  • विषयवस्तु – 2 अंक
  • प्रस्तुति – 2 अंक

प्रश्न 17.
अपनी छोटी बहन के जन्मदिवस पर उसे एक बधाई संदेश 30-40 शब्दों में लिखिए। (5 x 1 = 5)
अथवा
“शिक्षक दिवस’ के अवसर पर अपने हिंदी शिक्षक के लिए एक भावपूर्ण संदेश 30-40 शब्दों में लिखिए।
उत्तर-

  • रचनात्मक प्रस्तुति – 2 अंक
  • विषयवस्तु – 2 अंक
  • भाषा – 1 अंक

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Set 4 for Practice

Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science with Solutions and marking scheme Set 4 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Set 4 for Practice

Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

(i) Question paper comprises five Sections – A, B, C, D and E. There are 32 questions in the question paper. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) Section A – Question no. 1 to 16 are Objective Type Questions of 1 mark each.
(iii) Section B – Question no. 17 to 22 are short answer type questions, carrying 3 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 80 words.
(iv) Section C – Question no. 23 to 26 are source based questions, carrying 4 marks each.
(v) Section D – Question no. 27 to 31 are long answer type questions, carrying 5 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 120 words.
(vi) Section E – Question no. 32 is map based, carrying 5 marks with two parts, 32.1 from History (2 marks) and 32.2 from Geography (3 marks).
(vii) There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions. Only one of the choices in such questions have to be attempted.
(viii) In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever

Section-A

Question 1.
Identify the correct statement with regard to Johann Gottfried Herder is correct.
(a) He was a French philosopher.
(b) He was a German philosopher.
(c) He was an Italian philosopher.
(d) He was an Indian philosopher.

Question 2.
When was the Khilafat Committee founded?
(a) 1919
(b) 1920
(c) 1927
(d) 1922

Question 3.
The Non-Cooperation programme was adopted in the
(a) Lahore Session
(b) Nagpur Session
(c) Gujarat Session
(d) Second Round Table Conference

Question 4.
Fill in the blank:
Everything available in our …………….. which can be used to satisfy our needs.
Or
People employed in the ………………… activities manufacture the primary materials into finished goods.

Question 5.
Choose the correctly matched pair about the soils found in India from the following options:
(a) Alluvial soils – Himalayan river systems
(b) Arid soils – Tropical and sub-tropical climate
(c) Forest soils – Regur soils
(d) Laterite soils – Red to brown is colour

Question 6.
Fill in the blank:
Pulses: Leguminous crop, Watermelon: Zaid crop, ……………… : Rabi crop
(a) Maize
(b) Jowar
(c) Bajra
(d) Barley

Question 7.
Identify the important highways of India with the help of the following features.

  • Six-lane Super Highways
  • link Delhi-Kolkata-Chennai-Mumbai
  • are being implemented by the NHAI

Question 8.
On the basis of ownership industries are categorised as:
(a) large-scale and small-scale industries
(b) public sector, private sector, joint and cooperative sectors
(c) basic/key and consumer industries
(d) agro-based and mineral-based industries

Question 9.
More than …………….. parties are registered with the Election Commission of India. 1
(a) 800
(b) 900
(c) 750
(d) 650

Question 10.
Name the country who does not have federal system.
Or
What is the most distinctive feature of democracy?

Question 11.
What is a community government?
Or
What is partisanship?

Question 12.
Read the given data which gives an estimate of reserves of crude oil. Select the correct option which defines how it is essential for the development process of a country.

Region/Country Reserves (2017) (Thousand Million Barrels) Number of Years Reserves will last
Middle East

United States of America

World

808

50

1697

70

10.5

50.2

 

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2018
(a) If prices of crude oil increase this becomes a burden for all.
(b) Reserves of crude oil are going to last for 50 years and more.
(c) Middle East and USA may face energy crisis in future due to exhaustion of crude oil.
(d) Crude oil is a major source of energy for agriculture and industrial development.

Question 13.
Read the information given below and select the correct option.

Chinese manufacturers learn of an opportunity to export toys to India, where toys are sold at a high price. They start exporting plastic toys to India. Buyers in India now have the option of choosing between Indian and the Chinese toys. Because of the cheaper prices and new designs, Chinese toys become more popular in the Indian markets. Within a year, 70 to 80 percent of the toy shops have replaced Indian toys with Chinese toys.

Toys are now cheaper in the Indian markets than earlier. Let us see the effect of foreign trade through the . example of Chinese toys in the Indian markets. What is happening here? As a result of trade Chinese toys come into the Indian markets. In the competition between Indian and Chinese toys, Chinese toys prove better. Indian buyers have a greater choice of toys and at lower prices. For the Chinese toy makers, this provides an opportunity to expand business. The opposite is true for Indian toy makers. They face losses, as their toys are selling much less.

Removing barriers or restrictions set by the government on foreign trade and foreign investment is known as:
(a) Nationalisation
(b) Globalisation
(c) Liberalisation
(d) Taxation

Or

Trade barrier is a restriction set by the government to regulate the trade of the country. How will trade bander affect the Chinese producers? Choose the correct option.
(a) If there is trade barrier on the Chinese toys then the cost of the Chinese toys in the Indian market would be high and will not be able to flourish in the market.
(b) The Chinese producers have to stop selling their products to the Indian market and look for some other ventures.
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these

Question 14.
Which among the following options is incorrect?
(a) Demand deposit shares the essential features of money.
(b) With demand deposit payments can be made without cash.
(c) Demand deposits are safe way of money transformation.
(d) Demand deposit facility is like cheque.

Question 15.
Read the given statements in context of ‘National development’ and choose the correct
option.
(a) It is measured by National Income.
(b) It is measured by Average Income and Per Capita Income.
(c) It is measured by Human Development Index.
(d) It is measured by Net Attendance Ratio.

Question 16.
In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason
(R). Read the statements and choose the correct option:
Assertion (A): Not every goods or service that is produced and sold needs to be counted to known the total production in each sector.
Reason (R): The value of final goods already includes the value of all the intermediate goods. Options:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Section-B

Question 17.
Enumerate some features of the conservative regimes set up in Europe following the defeat of Napoleon in 1815.

Question 18.
What is meant by the idea of Satyagraha?
Or
Mention three reasons by which the rich peasant communities took active participation in the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Question 19.
Why is iron and steel industry called the basic industry? Explain any three reasons.

Question 20.
“Lack of internal democracy within parties is the major challenge to political parties all over the world.” Analyse the statement.
Or
Why were the linguistic states created? What are their advantages?

Question 21.
How is it that the average person in Punjab has more income than the average person in Kerala but it lags behind many other crucial areas? Explain.

Question 22.
Which three efforts should be made by any country to improve its HDI?

Section-C

Question 23.
Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows. (4 × 1 =4)

Economists began to think in terms of the national economy. They talked of how the nation could develop and what economic measures could help forge this nation together. ‘The aim of the zollverein is to bind the Germans economically into a nation. It will strengthen the nation materially as much by protecting its interests externally as by stimulating its internal productivity. It ought to awaken and raise national sentiment through a fusion of individual and provincial interests. The German people have realised that a free economic system is the only means to engender national feeling.’

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.

Question 23.1.
What did experts discuss the national economy?
(a) Development of Germany
(b) Economic measurement that forges this nation together
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Restoration of power after 1815

Question 23.2.
Identify the country which initiated the Zollverein from the following options.
(a) Austria
(b) Prussia
(c) Russia
(d) Switzerland

Question 23.3.
Highlight the role of Zollverein in arousing the sentiments of Nationalism amongst Germans from the following options.
(a) Zollverein made a unified economic territory.
(b) It consolidated the national sentiment through a fusion of individual and provincial
(c) It introduced a common currency for all.
(d) All of the above

Question 23.4.
From whose writing these sentences ‘The aim of the Zoilverein is …… .‘ have been quoted’?
(a) Friedrich List
(b) Ernst Renan
(c) Philip Veit
(d) Louis Bonaparte

Question 24.
Read the text given below and answer the following questions. (4 × 1 =4)

Plantation is also a type of commercial farming. In this type of farming, a single crop is grown on a large area. The plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry. Plantations cover large tracts of land, using capital intensive inputs, with the help of migrant labourers. All the produce is used as raw material in respective industries.

In India, tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane, banana, etc., are important plantation crops. Tea in Assam and North Bengal coffee in Karnataka are some of the important plantation crops grown in these states. Since the production is mainly for market, a well developed network of transport and communication connecting the plantation areas, processing industries and markets plays an important role in the development of plantations.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.

Question 24.1.
Tea, coffee, banana, ……………. and rubber are major crops which comes under ………………
(a) bajra; shifting agriculture
(b) sugarcane; shifting agriculture
(c) sugarcane; plantation farming
(d) wheat; horticulture

Question 24.2.
In commercial farming, a single crop is grown on a large area. Identify which state the
following crops mainly belong to:

Crops States
a. Sugarcane 1. Assam
b. Tea 2. Karnataka
c. Rubber 3. Uttar Pradesh
d. Coffee 4. Kerala

Choose the correct option.
(a) a-2, b -1, c-4, d-3
(b) a-3, b -1, c-4, d-2
(c) a-1, b -2, o-3, d-4
(d) a-4, b-2, c-1, d-3

Question 24.3.
Which commercial crops cultivable in laterite soils?
(a) Rubber and sugarcane
(b) Cotton and jute
(c) Barley and gram
(d) Tea and coffee

Question 24.4.
Which of the following statements is incorrect in context of plantation farming?
(a) It is practised in areas where population pressure on land is high.
(b) It has an interface of agriculture and industry.
(c) It requires well-developed network of transport and communication connecting the
plantation areas.
(d) None of these

Question 25.
Read the given extract and answer the following questions. (4 × 1 =4)

Party system is not something any country can choose. It evolves over a long time, depending on the nature of society, its social and regional divisions, its history of politics and its system of elections. These cannot be changed very quickly. Each country develops a party system that is conditioned by its special circumstances. For example, if India has evolved a multiparty system, it is because the social and geographical diversity in such a large country is not easily absorbed by two or even three parties. No system is ideal for all countries and all situations.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.

Question 25.1.
India has adopted a multi-party system because-
(a) this system keeps people informed about the political activities.
(b) this system allows a variety of interests and opinions to enjoy political representation.
(c) the second and geographical diversity in such a large country is not easily absorbed by two or even three parties.
(d) All of these

Question 25.2.
Each country develops a ……………. that is considered by its special circumstances.
(a) national party
(b) party system
(c) series of functions
(d) political system

Question 25.3.
Why is one party system not considered a good democratic system? Choose the correct option.
(a) It provides a political choice to the people.
(b) People are deprived of the right of electing representatives.
(c) It has no democratic option.
(d) Both (b) and (c)

Question 25.4.
We need at least two parties in a democratic set up because-
(a) it gives a fair chance to the two parties to compete in election to come in power.
(b) it gives a chance to take inspiration from country’s culture and values.
(c) it reduces a vast multitudes of opinions.
(d) it implements the policies by winning popular support through elections.

Question 26.
Read the source given below and answer the following questions. (4 × 1 =4)

Ford Motors, an American company, is one of the world’s largest automobile manufacturers with production spread over 26 countries of the world. Ford Motors came to India in 1995 and spent Rs. 1700 crore to set up a large plant near Chennai. This was done in collaboration with Mahindra and Mahindra, a major Indian manufacturer of jeeps and trucks. By the year 2017, Ford Motors was selling 88,000 cars in the Indian markets, while another 1,81,000 cars were exported from India to South Africa, Mexico, Brazil and United States of America. The company wants to develop Ford India as a component supplying base for its other plants across the globe.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.

Question 26.1.
The passage given above relates to which of the following options?
(a) National competition
(b) International competition
(c) Foreign investment
(d) Decreased employment

Question 26.2.
What is foreign investment?
(a) The money that is spent to buy assets such as land, buildings, machines and other equipments.
(b) Investment made by citizens or company of a nation
(c) Investment made by MNCs
(d) Both (b) and (c)

Question 26.3.
The appropriate reason for the attraction of foreign companies to invest in India is-
(a) global competition
(b) flexibility in labour law
(c) trade barrier
(d) international trade

Question 26.4.
Ford Motors can be termed as a MNC. By setting up their units in India, Ford Motors wants to-
(a) utilize the low-cost production benefits and a large market.
(b) produce different types of automobiles.
(c) be a large-scale exporter of cars.
(d) collaborate with a leading Indian Automobile company.

Secti0n-D

Question 27.
How did the Salt Satyagraha become an effective tool of resistance against British colonialism in India during 1930? Explain.
Or
“Nationalism spreads when people begin to believe that they are all part of the same nation.” Support the statement.

Question 28.
What is mass communication? Highlight the different types of mass communication and its
importance.
Or
“Roadways still have an edge over railways in India.” Support the statement with arguments.

Question 29.
Explain with examples the accommodative experience of Belgium for peace and harmony.

Question 30.
“Political parties are a necessary condition for a democracy.” Analyse the statement with examples.

Question 31.
What steps should be taken to create more employment? Explain.
Or
Why should the banks and cooperatives provide more loan facilities to the rural households in India. Give five reasons.

Section-E

Map Skill Based Question

Question 32.1
Two places A and B have been marked on the given outline map of India. Identify and write
their correct names on the lines drawn near them.
(A) The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held.
(B) The city related to Jallianwala Bagh incident.

Question 32.2
On the same outline map of India locate and label any THREE of the following with suitable
symbols.
(a) Salem Iron and Steel Plant (b) Thiruvananthapuram Software Technology Park
(c) Tungabhadra Dam (d) Surat Cotton Textile Industry
(e) Uttar Pradesh – a major sugarcane producing state
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Set 2 with Solutions3

 

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Basic Set 4 for Practice

Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Basic with Solutions and marking scheme Set 4 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Basic Set 4 for Practice

Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

1. This question paper contains two parts, A and B.
2. Both Part A and Part B have internal choices.

Part-A:
1. It consists of two sections, I and II.
2. Section I has 16 questions of 1 mark each. Internal choice is provided in 5 questions.
3. Section II has 4 questions on case study. Each case study has 5 case-based sub-parts. An examinee is to attempt any 4 out of 5 sub-parts.

Part-B:
1. It consists of three sections III, IV and V.
2. In section III, Question Nos. 21 to 26 are Very Short Answer Type questions of 2 marks each.
3. In section IV, Question Nos. 27 to 33 are Short Answer Type questions of 3 marks each.
4. In section V, Question Nos. 34 to 36 are Long Answer Type questions of 5 marks each.
5. Internal choice is provided in 2 questions of 2 marks, 2 questions of 3 marks and 1 question of 5 marks.

Part – A
Section-I

Section I has 16 questions of 1 mark each. Internal choice is provided in 5 questions.

Question 1.
Find the value of k for which the system of equations kx + 4y = k – 4, 16x + ky = k have infinitely many solutions.
Solution :
K = 2

Question 2.
Find the perimeter of a triangle with vertices (0, 4), (0, 0) and (3, 0)
Solution :
8

Question 3.
Evaluate: sin 60° cos 30° + sin 30° cos 60°.
OR
Evaluate: 2 tan2 45° + cos2 30° – sin2 60°
Solution :
1 OR 2

Question 4.
Write the Value of \(\frac{1+\tan ^{2} \theta}{1+\cot ^{2} \theta}\)
Solution :
tan2 θ

Question 5.
Three solid spheres of diameter 6 cm, 8 cm and 10 cm are melted to form a single solid sphere. Find the diameter of the new sphere?
Solution :
12 Cm

Question 6.
In the given AP, find the missing term: 2,……. , 26.
OR
Which term of the A.P.: 121, 117, 113………… is the first negative terms?
Solution :
14 OR 32

Question 7.
In ΔABC, DE is a line parallel to BC. If AC = 6.4 cm, AE = 4 cm. Find DE
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Basic Set 4 for Practice 1
OR
In the given figure, ΔABR ~ ΔPQR. If AR = 45 cm, AP = 72 cm and QR = 48 cm, then find BR
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Basic Set 4 for Practice 2
Solution :
2.115 cm OR  27 cm

Question 8.
Find the largest number which divides 70 and 125, leaving remainders 5 and 8 respectively.
Solution :
13

Question 9.
Find the nature of roots for the quadratic equation 2x2 – √5x +1 = 0. 1
Solution :
Not real

Question 10.
How many tangents can a circle have?
Solution :
Infinitely many

Question 11.
The graph of y =p(x) are given in figures below, for some polynomials p(x). Find the number of zeroes of p(x).
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Basic Set 4 for Practice 3
Solution :
1

Question 12.
If the height of a cone is equal to diameter of its base, find the volume of the cone.
Solution :
\(\frac{2}{3} \pi r^{3}\)

Question 13.
Find the value of x which satifies both the equations 4x -5 =y and 2x-y = 3, when v = -1.
OR
Write whether the following pair of linear equations is consistent or not? x +y = 14, x -y = 4
Solution :
1 OR Consistent

Question 14.
A man goes 12 m due east and then 5 m due north. Find his distance from the start in point.                                              OR
Find the angle of elevation of a point which is at a distance of 30 m from the base of a tower 10√3m high.
Solution :
13 m OR 30°

Question 15.
The mid-point of the line joining A (a, 2) and B(3, 6) is (2, b). Write the numerical values of a and b.
Solution :
a = 4 and b = 1

Question 16.
What is called the line drawn from the eye of an observer to the point in the object viewed by the observer?
Solution :
Line of sight

Section-II

Case Study Based-1

Case study-based questions are compulsory. Attempt any 4 sub-parts from each question. Each sub-part carries 1 mark.

Question 17.
An archery target has three regions formed by three concentric circles as shown in the given figure.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Basic Set 4 for Practice 4
If diameters of three concentric circles are in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3. Answers (i) to (v).

(i) Area of innermost (I) circle is
(a) πr+ 2
(b) πr
(c) m2
(d) 2 πr
Solution :
(c) m2

(ii) Area of region between first (I) and second (II) circle is
(a) 2πr
(b) πr2
(c) 3πr2
(d) 2πr2
Solution :
(c) 3πr2

(iii) Area of region between second (II) and third (III) circles is
(a) 5πr2
(b) 4πr2
(c) 3πr2
(d) 2π2
Solution :
(a) 5πr2

(iv) Ratio of circumferences of three concentric circles are
(a) 2:1:3
(b) 1:2:3
(c) 3:1:2
(d) 3:2:1
Solution :
(b) 1:2:3

(v) Circumference of outermost concentric circle is
(a) 2πr
(b) 2πr
(c) 4πr
(d) 6πr
Solution :
(d) 6πr

Case Study Based-2

Question 18.
In a classroom, 4 friends are seated at the points A, B, C and D as shown is given fig. Rupa and Rupali walk into the class and after observing for a few minutes Rupa asks Rupali, “Don’t you think ABCD is a square? Rupali disagrees. Now answer (i) to (v) to show Rupa is correct.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Basic Set 4 for Practice 5
(i) Coordinate of A is …..
(a) (4, 3)
(b) (3,0)
(c) (1,4)
(d) (3,4)
Solution :
(d) (3,4)

(ii) Coordinate of D is…………..
(a) (6, 1)
(b) (1,6)
(c) (2, 6)
(d) (6,2)
Solution :
(a) (6, 1)

(iii) Distance AB is …….
(a) 3+\(\sqrt{2}\)
(b) \(\sqrt{2}\)
(c) 2\(\sqrt{2}\)
(d) 3\(\sqrt{2}\)
Solution :
(d) 3\(\sqrt{2}\)

(iv) Diagonal AC is ………….
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 6
Solution :
(c) 6

(v) ABCD is a …………..
(a) rectangle
(b) square
(c) rhombus
(d) trapezium
Solution :
(b) square

Case Study Based-3

Question 19.
Five friends make up their minds to play a game by using a spinner. They put a spinner down on the ground and set around themselves to play. A spimier contains eight regions, numbered through 8, as shown in the figure, the arrow has an equally likely chance of landing on any of the eight regions. If the arrow lands on a line, the result is not…
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Basic Set 4 for Practice 6

(i) How many possible outcomes are in the sample spaces?
(a) 4
(b) 6
(c) 8
(d) 10
Solution :
(c) 8

(ii) What is the probability that the arrow lands on 4?
(a) \(\frac{1}{4}\)
(b) \(\frac{1}{6}\)
(c) \(\frac{1}{2}\)
(d) \(\frac{1}{8}\)
Solution :
(d) \(\frac{1}{8}\)

(iii) The set of possible outcomes for event A, in which the arrow lands on an even number is …..
(a) 2, 4, 6, 8
(b) 2, 4, 6, 10
(c) 2, 6, 8, 10
(d) 4, 6, 8 10
Solution :
(a) 2, 4, 6, 8

(iv) The probability that the arrow lands on an even number is ………….
(a) \(\frac{1}{4}\)
(b) \(\frac{1}{6}\)
(c)\(\frac{1}{8}\)
(d) \(\frac{1}{2}\)
Solution :
(d) \(\frac{1}{2}\)

(v) The probability that the arrow will point at any factor of 8 is …………
(a) \(\frac{1}{2}\)
(b) \(\frac{1}{4}\)
(c)\(\frac{1}{6}\)
(d) \(\frac{1}{8}\)
Solution :
(a) \(\frac{1}{2}\)

Case Study Based-4

Question 20.
A square park has each side of 100 m. At each comer of the park, there is a flower bed in the form of a quadrant of radius 14 m as shown in given figure. Answer the question from (i) to (v):
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Basic Set 4 for Practice 7

(i) Area of each quadrant is
(a) 145 m2
(b) 154 m2
(c) 415 m2
(d) 514 m2
Solution :
(b) 154 m2

(ii) Area of 4 quadrants is …………
(a) 616 m2
(b) 166 m2
(c) 661 m2
(d) 510m2
Solution :
(a) 616 m2

(iii) Area of park with bed roses is …………
(a) 10,000 m2
(b) 1000 m2
(c) 100 m2
(d) 10 m2
Solution :
(a) 10,000 m2

(iv) Area of park without bed roses is …………
(a) 9834 m2
(b) 9384 m2
(c) 9483 m2
(d) 9348 m2
Solution :
(b) 9384 m2

(v) Angle of a quadrant is equal to …………
(a) 70°
(b) 80°
(c) 90°
(d) 45°
Solution :
(c) 90°

Part-B
Section-III

All questions are compulsory. In case of internal choices, attempt anyone.

Question 21.
Explain why 7 × 11×13 × 15 + 15 is a composite number.
OR
Prove that \(\frac{1}{2-\sqrt{5}}\) is an irrational number.
Solution :
It has more than two factors so it is composite

Question 22.
Find value of P for which the product of roots of the quadratic equation Px2 + 6x + 4P = 0 is equal to the sum of the roots.
Solution :
\(P=\frac{-3}{2}\)

Question 23.
In the given figure,∠1 = ∠3, ∠2 = ∠4, DE = 4 units, CE = x + 1, AE = 2x + 4 and BE = 4x – 2. Find x.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Basic Set 4 for Practice 8
Solution :
x = 3 units

Question 24.
Find a cubic polynomial with the sum, sum of the products of its zeroes taken two at a time,and product of its zeroes at 5, -6, and -20 respectively.
Solution :
x3 – 5x2 – 6x

Question 25.
If tan A = √2 -1, show that  \(\frac{\tan A}{1+\tan ^{2} A}=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}\)
OR
\(\text { If } \sec \theta=\frac{5}{4}, \text { verify that } \frac{\tan \theta}{1+\tan ^{2} \theta}=\frac{\sin \theta}{\sec \theta}\)

Question 26.
Find the median of the following frequency distribution:

C.I 0-10 10-20 20-30           30-40 40-50 50-60
f 5 3 10 6 4 2

Solution :
27

Section-IV

Question 27.
From a point T outside a circle of centre O, tangents TP and TQ are drawn to the circle. Prove that OT is the right bisector of the line segment PQ.

Question 28.
Show graphically that the system of equations x + 2y = 5; 3x + 6y = 15 have infinitely many solutions.

Question 29.
Prove that 3 √3 is an irrational number.

Question 30.
From the top of a tower 50 m high, the angle of depression of the top of a pole is 45° and from the foot of the pole, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is 60°. Find the height of the pole if the pole and tower stand on the same plane.
OR
Two ships are there in the sea on either side of a lighthouse in such a way that the ships and the lighthouse are in the same straight line. The angles of depression of two ships as observed from the top of the lighthouse are 60° and 45°. If the height of the lighthouse is 200 m, find the distance between the two ships.
Solution :
21.16m OR 315.33 m

Question 31.
If \(\tan \theta=\frac{4}{3}\) ,find the value of  \(\frac{3 \sin \theta+2 \cos \theta}{3 \sin \theta-2 \cos \theta}\)
Solution :
3

Question 32.
If x = \(\frac{2}{3}\) and x = -3 are roots of the quadratic equations ax2 + 7x + b = 0, find the values of a and b.
Solution :
a = 3,b = – 3

Question 33.
In the given figure, ABC is a triangle and BD ⊥ AC. Prove that AB2 + CD2 = AD2 + BC2.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Basic Set 4 for Practice 9
ABCD is a trapezium with AB || DC. E and F are points on non¬parallel sides AD and BC respectively such that EF is parallel to AB (see figure).Show that \(\frac{\mathrm{AE}}{\mathrm{ED}}=\frac{\mathrm{BF}}{\mathrm{FC}}\)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Basic Set 4 for Practice 10

Section-V

Question 34.
The first and the last term of an AP are 8 and 350 respectively. If its common difference is 9, how many terms are there and what is their sum?
OR
In an AP the first term is 8 and nth term is 33 and sum to first n terms is 123. Find n and d, the common difference.
Solution :
n= 39, Sn =6981
5 n OR n = 6, d = 5 36

Question 35.
Draw a circle of radius 4 cm. From a point P, 9 cm away from the centre of the circle, draw two tangents to the circle. Also, measure the lengths of the tangents.

Question 36.
Take mean of the following distribution is 50. Find the value of x

Class interval 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100
Frequency 34 3x – 4 64 48 2(x-1)

Solution :
x = 20

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 5 for Practice

Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard with Solutions and marking scheme Set 5 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 5 for Practice

Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

1. This question paper contains two parts, A and B.
2. Both Part A and Part B have internal choices.

Part-A:
1. It consists of two sections, I and II.
2. Section I has 16 questions of 1 mark each. Internal choice is provided in 5 questions.
3. Section II has 4 questions on case study. Each case study has 5 case-based sub-parts. An examinee is to attempt any 4 out of 5 sub-parts.

Part-B:
1. It consists of three sections III, IV and V.
2. In section III, Question Nos. 21 to 26 are Very Short Answer Type questions of 2 marks each.
3. In section IV, Question Nos. 27 to 33 are Short Answer Type questions of 3 marks each.
4. In section V, Question Nos. 34 to 36 are Long Answer Type questions of 5 marks each.
5. Internal choice is provided in 2 questions of 2 marks, 2 questions of 3 marks and 1 question of 5 marks.

Part – A
Section-I

Section I has 16 questions of 1 mark each. Internal choice is provided in 5 questions.

Question 1.
Given that HCF (306, 657) = 9, find LCM (306, 657).
OR
Express 429 as a product of its prime factors.
Solution :
22338 08 429 = 3 x 11×13

Question 2.
If one zero of the polynomial x2 – 4x + 1 is 2 + √3 , write the other
Solution :
\(2-\sqrt{3}\)

Question 3.
State the type of the graph of the pair of linear equations: 3x – 5y =  11, 6x – 10y = 7
Solution :
Parallel lines

Question 4.
Find the value of k for which the given system has unique solution:
2x + 3y – 5 = 0, kx – 6y – 8 = 0.
Solution :
k≠- 4

Question 5.
Which term of AP: 92, 88, 84, 80 ………………. is 0?
OR
In an AP, if a = – 7.2, d= 3.6, an = 7.2, then find n.
Solution :
a24 OR n = 5

Question 6.
Find the whole number roots of the equation 2x2 – 7x + 6 = 0.
Solution :
2

Question 7.
Find the roots of x2 – 2x – (r2 – 1) = 0.
OR
If \(x=-\frac{1}{2}\)  is a solution of the quadratic equation 3x2 + 2kx -3 = 0, find the value of k.
Solution :
1 – r , r + 1 or \(-2 \frac{1}{4}\)

Question 8.
If tangents PA and PB from a point P to a circle with centre O are inclined to each other at an angle of 80°, then find ∠POA.
Solution :
50°

Question 9.
If the radii of two concentric circles are 6 cm and 10 cm, find the length of chord of the larger circle which is tangent to the other.
OR
From an external point P, tangents PA and PB are drawn to a circle with centre O. If ∠PAB = 50°, then find ∠AOB.
Solution :
16 cm OR 100°

Question 10.
Find the length of an altitude of an equilateral triangle of side 8 cm.
Solution :
\(4 \sqrt{3} \mathrm{~cm}\)

Question 11.
To divide a line segment AB in the ratio 5 : 6, a ray is drawn such that ∠B AX is an acute angle and points A1 , A2, A3, so on, are located at equal distances on the ray AX. Name the point to which B is joined.
Solution :
A11

Question 12.
If sin 0 = x and sec Q=y, then find the value of cot 0.
Solution :
\(\frac{1}{x y}\)

Question 13.
Find the value of \(\left(\sin ^{2} \theta+\frac{1}{1+\tan ^{2} \theta}\right)\)
Solution :
1

Question 14.
A man goes 12 m due west and then 9 m due north. How far is he from the starting point?
Solution :
15m

Question 15.
If α, β are the zeroes of a polynomial, such that α +β = 6 and αβ= 4, then write the polynomial.
Solution :
k(x2 – 6x + 4)

Question 16.
A single letter is selected at random from the ‘PROBABILITY’. Find the probability that it is a vowel.
OR
Two players, Sangeeta and Reshma, play a tennis match. It is known that the probability of winning the match by Sangeeta is 0.62. What is the probability of winning the match by Reshma?
Solution :
\(\frac{1}{x y}\)

Section-II

Case Study based questions are compulsory. Attempt any four sub-parts of each question. Each sub-part carries 1 mark.

Case Study Based-1

Question 17.
Adventure Camp
Adventure camps are the perfect place for children to practice decision-making for themselves without parents and teachers guiding their every move.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 5 for Practice 1

Some students of a school reached for adventure at Mukteshwar. At the camp, the waiters served some students with a welcome drink in a cylindrical glass and some students in a hemispherical cup whose dimensions are shown above.
After that they went for the jungle trek.

The jungle trek was enjoyable but tiring. As dusk fell, it was time to take shelter. Each group of four students was given a canvas of area 551 m2. Each group had to make a conical tent to accommodate all the four students. Assuming that all the stitching and wasting incurred while cutting, would amount to 1 m2, the students put the tents. The radius of the tent is 7 m.

Refer to Glass and Cup

(a) The volume of cylindrical cup is 1
(i) 295.75 cm3
(ii) 7415.5 cm3
(iii) 384.88 cm3
(iv) 404.25 cm3
Solution :
(iv) 404.25 cm3

(b) The volume of hemispherical cup is 1
(i) 179.67 cm3
(ii) 89.83 cm3
(iii) 172.25 cm3
(iv) 210.60 cm3
Solution :
(ii) 89.83 cm3

(c) Which container had more juice and by how much?
(i) Hemispherical cup, 195 cm3
(ii) Cylindrical glass, 207 cm3
(iii) Hemispherical cup, 280.85 cm3
(iv) Cylindrical glass, 314.42 cm3
Solution :
(iv) Cylindrical glass, 314.42 cm3

Refer to Tent

(d) The height of the conical tent prepared to accommodate 4 students is
(i) 18 m
(ii) 10 m
(iii) 24 m
(iv) 14 m
Solution :
(iii) 24 m

(e) How much space on the ground is occupied by each student in the conical tent?
(i) 54 m2
(ii) 38.5 m2
(iii) 86 m2
(iv) 24 m2
Solution :
(ii) 38.5 m2

Case Study Based-2

Question 18.
National Park
A national park is an area set aside by the government to preserve and protect the natural environment. The graph below shows a map of the National Park. The shaded areas indicate woods. The plain areas indicate meadows and fields without trees. Point O on the graph represents the location of the park’s supervisor’s office, and points P and Q are the ranger’s towers.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 5 for Practice 2

(a) What is the distance between the towers P(0, 7.5) and Q(-15, 15)?
(i) 7281.25 units
(ii) 7276 units
(iii) 9 units
(iv) 15-73 units
Solution :
(i) 7281.25 units

(b) The distance of the point S(5, 25) from x-axis is
(i) 5 units
(ii) 25 units
(iii) 1 unit
(iv) 20 units
Solution :
(ii) 25 units

(c) The point on x-axis (other than O) equidistant from the points R(Q, -5) and M(0, 5) is 1
(i) C
(ii) U
(iii) A
(iv) None of these.
Solution :
(ii) U

(d) There are two trees T1(-5, 7) and T2(-1, 3) in the park. The mid-point of the line segment joining both the trees is
(i) (-3,7)
(ii) (-3, 5)
(iii) (-1, 5)
(iv) (5,-3)
Solution :
(ii) (-3, 5)

(e) There is a circular pond in the park. The end points of a diameter of it are (-6, 3) and (6, 4). The coordinates of the centre of the pond is
(i) (8,-1)
(ii) (4, 7)
(iii) \(\left(0, \frac{7}{2}\right)\)
(iv) \(\left(4, \frac{7}{2}\right)\)
Solution :
(iii) \(\left(0, \frac{7}{2}\right)\)

Case Study Based-3

Question 19.
Females’ Literacy
The education of women helps to remove the social stigma that surrounds it. It is the key to eliminating social evils such as female infanticide, dowry, child marriage, harassment, etc. This will not just help the women of today but of the future generations who can live in a world where

The following distribution shows the number of literate females in the age group 0 to 60 years of a particular area.

Age (in years) 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60
No. of literate females 350 1100 900 750 600 500

gender equality exists which ultimately raises the literacy rate.

The following distribution shows the number of literate females in the age group 0 to 60 years of a particular area.
(a) The class marks of class 40-50 is
(i) 70
(ii) 90
(iii) 10
(iv) 45
Solution :
(iv) 45

(b) The number of literate females whose ages are between 20 years and 50 years is ……
(i) 1350
(ii) 1650
(iii) 2000
(iv) 2250
Solution :
(iv) 2250

(c) The modal class of the above distribution is ……
(i) 0-10
(ii) 10-20
(iii) 20-30
(iv) 30-40
Solution :
(ii) 10-20

(d) The number of literate females whose ages are less than 40 years is ……
(i) 1450
(ii) 2350
(iii) 3100
(iv) 3700
Solution :
(iii) 3100

(e) The upper limit of modal class is …….
(i) 10
(ii) 20
(iii) 30
(iv) 60
Solution :
(ii) 20

Case Study Based-4

Question 20.
Energy Conservation
Energy conservation is the effect made to reduce the consumption of energy by using less of an energy service.
Some children of a school prepared posters on ‘Save Energy’ which are shown below.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 5 for Practice 3

Refer to Poster I

(a) If radius of the circle is 21 cm and angle subtended by arc at centre is 60°, the length of the arc is ………                    (i) 22 cm
(ii) 28 cm
(iii) 33 cm
(iv) None of these.
Solution :
(i) 22 cm

(b) The area of sector formed by the arc (radius = 21 cm and angle of sector = 60°) is ………..
(i) 124 cm2
(ii) 231cm2
(iii) 285 cm2
(iv) 310 cm2
Solution :
(ii) 231cm2

Refer to Poster II

(c) What is the radius of circular region if length of poster is 18 cm and breadth is 14 cm?
(i) 14 cm
(ii) 18 cm
(iii) 7 cm
(iv) 9 cm
Solution :
(iii) 7 cm

(d) What is the area of circular region if length of poster is 18 cm and breadth is 14 cm?
(i) 154 cm2
(ii) 172 cm2
(iii) 196 cm2
(iv) 216 cm2
Solution :
(i) 154 cm2

Refer to Poster III

(e) The area of poster if the length and breadth of it are 18 cm and 14 cm respectively, is
(i) 155 cm2
(ii) 175 cm2
(iii) 195 cm2
(iv) 205 cm2
Solution :
(ii) 175 cm2

Part-B
Section-II

All questions are compulsory. In case of internal choices, attempt any one.

Question 21.
The length, breadth, and height of a room are 8 m 25 cm, 6 m 75 cm and 4 m 50 cm respectively. Find the length of the longest rod that can measure the three dimensions of the room exactly.
Solution :
11m ,57m

Question 22.
The centre of a circle is (2a – 1, 7) and it passes through the point (-3, -1). If the diameter of the circle is 20 units, then find the value of a.
OR
If two vertices of an equilateral triangle are (3, 0) and (6, 0), find the third vertex.
Solution :
\(\alpha=-4,2 \mathrm{OR}\left(\frac{9}{2}, \frac{3 \sqrt{3}}{2}\right)\)

Question 23.
A solid is in the form of a right circular cylinder with hemispherical ends. The total height of the solid is 58 cm and the diameter of the cylinder is 28 cm. Find the total surface area of the solid.
Solution :
5104 cm2

Question 24.
Draw a circle of diameter 8 cm. From a point P, 7 cm away from its centre, construct a pair of tangents to the circle.

Question 25.
Find the value of 2 cot2 θ + 3 cosec2 θ – 3, if cos 0 =\(\frac{3}{5}\)
OR
Prove that: sec2 θ – cos2 θ = sin2 θ (sec2 θ + 1).
Solution :
\(\frac{45}{16}\)

Question 26.
A circle is touching the side BC of ΔABC at P and touching AB and AC produced at Q and R respectively. Prove that AQ = \(\frac{1}{2} (perimeter of ΔABC)\). If AQ = 5 cm, find the perimeter of ΔABC.
Solution :
10cm

Section-IV

Question 27.
LCM of two numbers is 45 times of their HCF. If one of the numbers is 125 and sum of their HCF and LCM is 1150, find the other number.
Solution :
225

Question 28.
Solve for x: \(\frac{x+1}{x-1}+\frac{x-2}{x+2}=4-\frac{2 x+3}{x-2} ; x \neq 1,-2,2\)
OR
The difference of two natural numbers is 3 and the difference of their reciprocals is \(\frac{3}{28}\). Find the numbers.
Solution :
\(\frac{6}{5}\) OR 4, 7

Question 29.
In the given figure, S and T trisect the side QR of a right triangle PQR. Prove that 8PT2 = 3PR2 + 5PS2.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 5 for Practice 4

Question 30.
Prove that in a right angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.
OR
In the given figure, ΔABC and ΔXYZ are shown. If AB = 3 cm, BC = 6 cm, AC = 2y2 cm, ∠A = 80°,∠B = 60°, XY = 4√3 cm, YZ = 12 cm and XZ = 6 cm, then find the value of ∠Y.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 5 for Practice 5
Solution :
OR 40°

Question 31.
Find the value of x from the following data ii its mode is 65, where frequency 6, 8, x and 12 are in ascending order:

Class 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100 100-120 Mode
Frequency 6 8 X 12 6 5 65

Solution :
10

Question 32.
The angle of depression of the top and bottom of a tower as seen from the top of a 60√3 m high cliff are 45° and 60° respectively. Find the height of the tower.
Solution :
43.8m

Question 33.
For Uttarakhand flood victims, money donated by teachers of a school is shown in the following frequency distribution.

Money donated
(in ₹)
500-700 700-900 900-1100 1100-1300 1300-1500
Number of teachers 4 3 18 2 3

Solution :
Mean = ₹ 980; Median = ₹ 988.88

Section-V

Question 34.
A vertical tower stands on a horizontal plane and is surmounted by a flagstaff of height 5 m. From a point on the ground the angles of elevation of the top and bottom of the flagstaff are 60° and 30° respectively. Find the height of the tower and the distance of the point from base of the tower.       [Take √3 = 1.732]
OR
As observed from the top of a 100 m high lighthouse from the sea-level, the angles of depression of two ships are 30° and 45°. If one ship is exactly behind the other on the same side of the lighthouse, find the distance between the two ships.  [Take √3 = 1.732]
Solution :
2.5 m, 4.33 m OR 73.2 m

Question 35.
Given that the zeroes of the cubic polynomial x3 – 6x2 + 3x + 10 are of the form a, a + b, a + 2b for some real numbers a and b, find the values of a and b as well as the zeroes of the given polynomial.
Solution :
a = – 1, 5 ; b = 3, -3 ; -1, 2, 5

Question 36.
A part of monthly Hostel charge is fixed and the remaining depends on the number of days one has taken food in the mess. When Swati takes food for 20 days, she has to pay ₹ 3000 as hostel charges whereas, Mansi who takes food for 25 days pays ₹ 3500 as hostel charges. Find the fixed charges and the cost of food per day.
Solution :
₹ 1,000; ₹ 100

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 5 with Practice

Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English with Solutions and marking scheme Set 5 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 5 with Practice

Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

1. This paper is divided into two parts: A and B. All questions are compulsory.
2. Separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary. Read these instructions very carefully and follow them.
3. Do not exceed the prescribed word limit while answering the questions.

Part-A
Multiple Choice Questions (40 Marks)

Reading (20 Marks)
Question 1.
Read the passage given below. (10 Marks)
1. One day Gandhiji and Vallabhbhai Patel were talking in the Yeravda jail when Gandhiji remarked, “At times even a dead snake can be of use.” And he related the following story to illustrate his point: Once a snake entered the house of an old woman. The old woman was frightened and cried out for help. Hearing her, the neighbours rushed up and killed the snake. Then they returned to their homes. Instead of throwing the dead snake far away, the old woman flung it onto her roof.

2. Sometime later a kite flying overhead spotted the dead snake. In its beak, the kite had a pearl necklace which it had picked up from somewhere. It dropped the necklace and flew away with the dead snake. When the old woman saw a bright, shining object on her roof she pulled it down with a pole. Finding that it was a pearl necklace she danced with joy!

3. One day a bania found a snake in his house. He could not find anyone to kill it for him and had not the courage to kill it himself. Besides, he hated killing any living creature. So, he covered the snake with a pot and let it there.

4. As luck would have it, that night some thieves broke into the bania’s house. They entered the kitchen and saw the overturned pot. “Ah”, they thought, “the bania has hidden something valuable here.” As they lifted the pot, the snake struck. Having come with the object of stealing, they barely left with their lives.

5. Once he came out of jail, Gandhiji went from city to city, village to village collecting funds for the Charkha Sangh. During one of his tours, he addressed a meeting in Orissa.

6. After his speech a poor old woman got up. She was bent with age, her hair was grey and her clothes were in tatters. The volunteers tried to stop her, but she fought her way to the place where Gandhiji was sitting. “I must see him,” she insisted, and going up to Gandhiji, she touched his feet.

7. Then from the folds of her sari, she brought out a copper coin and placed it at his feet. Gandhiji picked up the copper coin and put it away carefully.

8. The Charkha Sangh funds were under the charge of Jamnalal Bajaj. He asked Gandhi for the coin but Gandhi refused.

On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer any ten questions from the twelve that follow. (10 × 1 = 10)
(i) The old woman was frightened and cried out for help:
(a) on seeing a snake
(b) out of joy
(c) to disturb others
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) on seeing a snake

(ii) The bania could not kill the snake because:
(a) he was kind to living creatures
(b) he could not find anyone
(c) he had no courage to kill it himself
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

(iii) The thieves thought the bania had hidden something valuable:
(a) under the stone
(b) in the box
(c) under the pot
(d) in the hole
Answer:
(c) under the pot

(iv) What did the old woman give to Gandhiji?
(a) Copper coin
(b) Sari
(c) Shawl
(d) Charkha
Answer:
(a) Copper coin

(v) What is the synonym of the word ‘denied’ in para 8?
(a) Asked
(b) Charge
(c) Refused
(d) Funds
Answer:
(c) Refused

(vi) Where did the old woman throw the dead snake?
(a) In the field
(b) In the well
(c) On the roof
(d) On the tree
Answer:
(c) On the roof

(vii) What expresses best the meaning of ‘at times even a dead snake can be of use’?
(a) Even useless things can be used sometimes
(b) Dead snakes are of use
(c) Dead animals are useful
(d) Things are useful when they are dead
Answer:
(a) Even useless things can be used sometimes

(viii) What is the line that best sums up paragraph 2?
(a) People are greedy
(b) Greed is good
(c) Everything falls into place
(d) Everything has its use
Answer:
(c) Everything falls into place

(ix) What are the two correct meanings of the word ‘illustrate’?
1. To use pictures etc in a book
2. To draw a clear image
3. To paint clearly
4. To make meaning of something clear using examples
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 1 and 4
(d) 2 and 4
Answer:
(c) 1 and 4

(x) Select the option that makes the correct use of ‘address’ as used in the passage, to fill in
the blanks.
(a) The parliament speaker has right to ………………. the audience sitting there.
(b) Could you please write the correct …………………. and mail?
(c) You cannot leave behind luggage and ………………
(d) His letter is now ………………… to have been a mistake.
Answer:
(a) The parliament speaker has right to ………………. the audience sitting there.

(xi) The kite did not know the value of …………….. and dropped it.
(a) snake
(b) pearl
(c) pot
(d) clothes
Answer:
(b) pearl

(xii) The old woman wanted to touch Gandhiji’s feet:
(a) to pay him respect
(b) to rebuke him
(c) to greet him
(d) to give him a coin
Answer:
(a) to pay him respect

Question 2.
Read the passage given below: (10 Marks)
1. Man suffers from a distorted complex. He always considers animals as inferior beings only fit for exploitation. Man has been using domestic and wild animals for his selfish ends. Many animal lovers joined together to form the ‘Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals’.

2. The society has been working for the well-being and welfare of animals for many years. Its main aim is to change the attitude and thinking of people towards animals. It is quite sad that animals continue to be ill-treated, tortured and killed according to the whims of the people. About 15% of the people entertain the belief that animals are man’s slaves. They use, misuse and torture them accordingly. About 50% of the people exploit animals for selfish ends.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 5 with Practice 1

3. Horses and oxen are used for transport, carrying loads and in agricultural activities. Dogs, cats and many birds are domesticated for fun, entertainment and convenience. Wild animals like elephants, tigers, lions and deer are victims of poaching and killing. Animals are forced to do acrobatic feats in circus shows. Unfortunately, about 35% of people don’t think about the animals at all. They are totally indifferent to them.

4. The Government and the animal lovers must work together to bring a change in the attitude of the people. Animals should not be killed and poached for fun, furs or financial gains. They should be treated with kindness, care and sympathy. Cruelty towards animals must be legally punished.
On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer any ten questions from the twelve that follow. (10 × 1 =10)
(i) In the line “………..-fit for exploitation”, the word ‘exploitation’ does not refer to:
(a) abuse
(b) ill-treatment
(c) oppression
(d) utilisation
Answer:
(d) utilisation

(ii) Based on your understanding of the passage, choose the option that lists the abuses of animals.
1. Used for transport
2. Used for carrying loads
3. Acrobatic feats in circus
4. Poaching
5. Agricultural activities
6. Domesticated for fun
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 6
(c) 5and 6
(d) 3and 4
Answer:
(d) 3and 4

(iii) Man always considers animals as:
(a) superior beings
(b) inferior beings
(c) powerful beings
(d) All of these
Answer:
(b) inferior beings

(iv) Man considers animals fit for:
(a) exploitation
(b) working hard
(c) helping man
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) exploitation

(v) To serve his purpose, man has always been using:
(a) domestic animals
(b) wild animals
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Neither (a) nor (b)
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b)

(vi) For many years, ‘Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals’ has been working for:
(a) destruction of animals
(b) exploitation of animals
(c) the welfare of animals
(d) All of these
Answer:
(c) the welfare of animals

(vii) ‘ Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals ’ aims to change the attitude of man towards:
(a) other people
(b) animals
(c) plants
(d) society
Answer:
(b) animals

(viii) It is very disappointing that animals are still:
(a) ill-treated
(b) tortured
(c) killed
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

(ix) For what activities do people use horses and oxen?
(a) Carrying loads
(b) Transport
(c) Agricultural activities
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

(x) For fun, entertainment and convenience, man domesticates:
(a) birds
(b) cats
(c) dogs
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

(xi) Which of these animals is/are victims of poaching and killing?
(a) Lions
(b) Tigers
(c) Elephants
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

(xii) Choose the option that lists statement that is NOT TRUE.
(a) Animals must not be exploited by man
(b) Animals should be treated well
(c) Animals should be killed only for food
(d) Animals can be used in circus to earn one’s livelihood
Answer:
(c) Animals should be killed only for food

Literature (10 Marks)
Question 3.
Read the extracts given below and attempt any one by answering the questions that follow. (5 × 1 = 5)
A. Even when each of his brothers and his little sister, whose wings were far shorter than his own, ran to the brink, flapped their wings, and flew away, he failed to muster up courage to take that plunge which appeared to him so desperate. His father and mother had come around calling to him shrilly, upbraiding him, threatening to let him starve on his ledge unless he flew away. But for the life of him he could not move.
(i) The young seagull’s brothers and his sister had:
(a) beautiful wings than him
(b) longer wings than him
(c) stronger wings than him
(d) shorter wings than him
Answer:
(d) shorter wings than him

(ii) His parents, brother and sister regularly:
(a) supported him
(b) chided him
(c) scolded and threatened him
(d) accompanied him
Answer:
(c) scolded and threatened him

(iii) Who threatened the young seagull to starve on the ledge?
(a) His brother
(b) His sister
(c) His parents
(d) His mother
Answer:
(c) His parents

(iv) What could happen to him if he tried flying?
(a) He could fall into the sea
(b) He could fall over the rock
(c) He could fall on the ledge
(d) He could not get food
Answer:
(a) He could fall into the sea

(v) The extract uses the phrase, ‘flew away’. Which of these expressions is incorrect with
respect to the word ‘flew’?
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 5 with Practice 2
(a) Option 1
(b) Option 2
(c) Option 3
(d) Option 4
Answer:
(d) Option 4

B. “I am sure that none of the boys and girls in Room Thirteen would purposely and deliberately hurt anyone’s feelings because his or her name happened to be a long, unfamiliar one.” “I prefer to think that what was said was said in thoughtlessness. I know that all of you feel the way I do, that this is a very unfortunate thing to have happened – unfortunate and sad, both. And I want you all to think about it.”
(i) What was said was said in:
(a) a thoughtful manner
(b) a casual manner
(c) in a deliberate manner
(d) thoughtlessness manner
Answer:
(d) thoughtlessness manner

(ii) None of the boys and girls:
(a) did it happily
(b) listened to the letter
(c) knew Peggy and Maddie
(d) did it purposely and deliberately
Answer:
(d) did it purposely and deliberately

(iii) Who is ‘I’ here?
(a) Wanda’s father
(b) Miss Mason
(c) Maddie
(d) Peggy
Answer:
(b) Miss Mason

(iv) What unfortunate thing had happened?
(a) Wanda had left the school
(b) Peggy had left the school
(c) Maddie had left the school
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Wanda had left the school

(v) Which word does ‘thoughtlessness’ NOT correspond to?
(a) Inconsiderate
(b) Careful
(c) Uncaring
(d) Insensitive
Answer:
(b) Careful

Question 4.
Read the extracts given below and attempt any one by answering the questions that follow. (5 × 1 = 5)
A. He stalks in his vivid stripes
The few steps of his cage,
On pads of velvet quiet,
In his quiet rage.

He should be lurking in shadow,
Sliding through long grass
Near the water hole
Where plump deer pass.
(i) The tiger is able to take only a few steps because:
(a) the cage is too small
(b) the forest is too small
(c) he is too weak to walk more
(d) he is afraid of the visitors
Answer:
(a) the cage is too small

(ii) What is the rhyme scheme of the given stanzas?
(a) aabb; aabb
(b) abcb; abed
(c) abcb, abcb
(d) abca; abca
Answer:
(c) abcb, abcb

(iii) One cannot hear the sound of the tiger’s footsteps because:
(a) he was unable to move anywhere
(b) he has very soft feet like velvet
(c) no one goes around him
(d) he was moving in the cage
Answer:
(b) he has very soft feet like velvet

(iv) According to the extract, if the tiger were free, he would have hidden himself behind:
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 5 with Practice 3
(a) option (1)
(b) option (2)
(c) option (3)
(d) option (4)
Answer:
(b) option (2)

(v) What is the tiger in the cage NOT able to do?
(a) Take sound sleep
(b) Move a long distance
(c) Catch his prey
(d) Sit properly
Answer:
(c) Catch his prey

B. What is the boy now, who has lost his ball
What, what is he to do? I saw it go
Merrily bouncing, down the street, and then
Merrily over – there it is in the water!

No use to say ‘O there are other balls’;
An ultimate shaking grief fixes the boy’
As he stands rigid, trembling, staring down
All his young days into the harbour where
His ball went.
(i) The poet wants to know about the boy’s:
(a) background
(b) reaction
(c) mood
(d) attitude
Answer:
(b) reaction

(ii) The poet says that the ball was jumping up and down:
(a) in the river
(b) in the street
(c) in boy’s hands
(d) on the roof
Answer:
(b) in the street

(iii) Pick the option that correctly classifies facts (F) and opinions (O) of the students below:
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 5 with Practice 4
(a) F-1,2 and O – 3,4
(b) F-2,3 and O-1,4
(e) F-1,4 and O-2,3
(d) F-1,3 and O-2,4
Answer:
(b)F-2,3 and O-1,4

(iv) The boy is completely surrounded by:
(a) joy
(b) sorrow
(c) zeal
(d) difficulties
Answer:
(b) sorrow

(v) The lost ball reminds the boy of his:
(a) sweet memories
(b) childhood days
(c) friends
(d) relatives
Answer:
(a) sweet memories

Grammar (10 Marks)
Question 5.
Choose the correct options to fill in the blanks to complete the note about punctuality. (3 × 1 = 3)
Punctuality is of great importance. It is truly underestimated and (i) ………………. utmost importance. When we become punctual, the rest things (ii) …………….. our reach. We learn discipline and (iii) …………….. respect of others.
(i) (a) is given
(b) may given
(c) must give
(d) must be given
Answer:
(d) must be given

(ii) (a) should fall into
(b) can fall into
(c) falls into
(d) does fall into
Answer:
(b) can fall into

(iii) (a) have earn
(b) has earned
(c) earn
(d) does earn
Answer:
(c) earn

Question 6.
Choose the correct options to fill in the blanks to complete the librarian’s narration. (3 × 1 = 3)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 5 with Practice 5
I found Mayank sitting on a chair. I(i) ……………. the book. On hearing this, he (ii) ………………. out of station for a week. When I (iii) ……………… at once, he politely said that he worshipped library.
(i) (a) asked him why he hadn’t timely returned
(b) ask him that why he didn’t timely return
(c) told him that why he didn’t timely return
(d) said that why he hadn’t timely return
Answer:
(a) asked him why he hadn’t timely returned

(ii) (a) informed that he had
(b) told that he will
(c) said that he is
(d) replied that he was
Answer:
(d) replied that he was

(iii) (a) asked to return
(b) advised to return
(c) ordered to be returned
(d) said to be return
Answer:
(b) advised to return

Question 7.
Fill in the blanks by choosing the correct options for any four of the six sentences given below. (4 × 1 = 4)
(i) Connaught Place …………………. get smog towers in ten months.
(a) will
(b) can
(c) shall
(d) might
Answer:
(c) shall

(ii) I who ……………… your friend, will assist and protect you.
(a) are
(b) is
(c) am
(d) have
Answer:
(c) am

(iii) There were ……………… than fifty students in the class.
(a) few
(b) no fewer
(c) less
(d) no less
Answer:
(b) no fewer

(iv) I ………………… appear in the Senior Secondary Examination next near.
(a) should
(b) will
(c) shall
(d) may
Answer:
(b) will

(v) Rani Lakshmi Bai is one of the best heroines that ………………… ever been born in India.
(a) has
(b) is
(c) have
(d) are
Answer:
(c) have

(vi) Draw ……………….. map of India on …………………….  black board.
(a) a, the
(b) an, a
(c) an, the
(d) the, a
Answer:
(a) a, the

Part-B – Subjective Questions (40 Marks)

Writing (10 Marks)
Question 8.
Attempt any one of the following in 100-120 words. (5 Marks)
A. Write a letter seeking detailed enquiries from the General Manager, Holiday Inn, Kanpur for conducting the wedding reception of your younger brother at the hotel. Make specific enquiries about the catering cost per head, service and decoration charges. You can also ask for the advance amount to be paid. You are Krishna/Kamini of Kanpur.

B. You are Arjun Kapoor, resident of 43/9, Shyam Enclave, Delhi. You visited Manali with your family during the summer vacation. You had two double suites at Lake View Resort. Your stay at the hotel fell far short of the description in the brochure. Write a letter of complaint to the Customer Service Department to refund for your hotel stay.

Question 9.
Attempt any one of the following in 100-120 words. (5 Marks)
A. In the graph given below we get a shocking picture of deaths in the USA due to Corona Virus that showed a constant upward trend in the month of April 2020. Write an analytic paragraph describing the general trend and other details after analysing the graph.
Increase in Corona Virus Death Cases in USA from April 10 to May 2, 2020
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 5 with Practice 6

B. The following pie chart represents the distribution of the overseas tourists and their age profile respectively. Study the chart carefully and write an analytic paragraph (120-150 words) giving the general trends and other necessary details. Don’ forget to compare the segments where relevant.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 5 with Practice 7

Literature (30 Marks)
Question 10.
Answer any two questions in 20-30 words each, from (A) and (B) respectively. (4 × 2 = 8)
A. (any two) (2 × 2 = 4)
(i) Did Lencho try to find out who had sent the money to him? Why/Why not?

(ii) What was the tiny wish that crept into Valli’s head?

(iii) What did Kisa Gotami do when her only son died? What did her neighbours think about her?

B. (any two) (2 × 2 = 4)
(i) What excuses did Mrs Pumphrey give for not following Dr Herriot’s advice? What was the effect of the ignorance?

(ii) Why did the narrator feel that Bill’s helpfulness for him was not entirely of brotherly love?

(iii) Do you think Mr Loisel had an enjoyable evening at the ball? Give reasons for you answer.

Question 11.
Answer any two questions in 40-50 words each, from (A) and (B) respectively. (4 × 3 = 12)
A. (any two) (2 × 3 = 6)
(i) How did Mandela’s understanding of freedom change with age and experience?

(ii) How is the bravery of Belinda and her pets described in the poem? Do they really prove their courage and bravery?

(iii) There are some examples of diary or journal entries in the ‘Before You Read’ section. Compare these with what Anne writes in her diary. What language was the diary originally written in? In what way is Anne’s diary different?

B. (any two) (2 × 3 = 6)
(i) Describe the family of Ramlal, the Numberdar.

(ii) Describe the strange behaviour of Mrs. Hall’s furniture. How did the chair start moving and push Mr and Mrs Hall out of the room?

(iii) Why did Oliver Lutkins and his mother laugh at the lawyer (the narrator) when he served the summons? Why did Lutkins take him to his neighbour’s house for a cup of coffee?

Question 12.
Answer any one of the following in 100-120 words. (5 Marks)
A. Hesitations and fears play necessary parts in human life but we get success in any enterprise only when we overcome our doubts, hesitations and fears. Justify this statement in the light of the young seagull’s efforts to muster courage to fly in the air.

B. In spite of being so powerful and displaying rare bravery of killing and swallowing the pirate, why does the dragon Custard taunted as being a coward always asking for a nice safe cage?

Question 13.
Answer any one of the following in 100-120 words. (5 Marks)
A. Bholi’s real name is Sulekha. We are told this right at the beginning. But only in the last but one paragraph of the story is Bholi called Sulekha again. Why do you think she is called Sulekha at that point in the story?

B. Do you think the lawyer was gullible? How could he have avoided being taken for a ride?

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Set 2 with Solutions

Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science with Solutions and marking scheme Set 2 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Set 2 with Solutions

Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

(i) Question paper comprises five Sections – A, B, C, D and E. There are 32 questions in the question paper. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) Section A – Question no. 1 to 16 are Objective Type Questions of 1 mark each.
(iii) Section B – Question no. 17 to 22 are short answer type questions, carrying 3 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 80 words.
(iv) Section C – Question no. 23 to 26 are source based questions, carrying 4 marks each.
(v) Section D – Question no. 27 to 31 are long answer type questions, carrying 5 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 120 words.
(vi) Section E – Question no. 32 is map based, carrying 5 marks with two parts, 32.1 from History (2 marks) and 32.2 from Geography (3 marks).
(vii) There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions. Only one of the choices in such questions have to be attempted.
(viii) In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever

Section-A

Question 1.
Identify the correct statement with regard to ‘The Act of Union -1707’ from the following
options.
(a) The British monarchy surrendered the power to English Parliament.
(b) The British Parliament seized power from Ireland.
(c) The formation of the ‘United Kingdom of Great Britain’.
(d) The British nation was formed as a result of a war with Scotland and Wales.
Answer:
(c) The formation of the ‘United Kingdom of Great Britain’.

Question 2.
Which of the following treaties recognized Greece as an independent nation?
(a) Treaty of Sevres
(b) Treaty of Versailles
(c) Treaty of Lausanne
(d) Treaty of Constantinople
Answer:
(d) Treaty of Constantinople

Question 3.
Which of the following was the reason for calling off ‘the Non-Cooperation Movement’ by Gandhiji?
(a) Pressure from the British Government
(b) Second Round Table Conference
(c) Gandhiji’s arrest
(d) Chauri-Chaura incident
Answer:
(d) Chauri-Chaura incident

Question 4.
Fill in the blank:
Business Processes Outsourcing (BPO) is an example of ………………. industry in India.
Or
Green Revolution has helped ………………. industry to expand in different parts of India.
Answer:
Information Technology
or
Fertilizer

Question 5.
Choose the correctly matched pair about the Primitive Cultivation in India from the following
options:
(a) Dahiya – Madhya Pradesh
(b) Kumari – Jharkhand
(c) Khil – Andhra Pradesh
(d) Koman – Karnataka
Answer:
(a) Dahiya – Madhya Pradesh

Question 6.
Fill in the blank:
Barley : Rabi crop, cotton: kharif, …………….: zaid crop
(a) Wheat
(b) Mustard
(c) Soyabean
(d) Cucumber
Answer:
(d) Cucumber

Question 7.
Identify the soil with the help of the following features.

  • Red to brown in colour
  • Sandy in texture and saline in nature
  • Lacks humus and moisture

Answer:
Arid Soil

Question 8.
A type of millet rich in iron, calcium, other micro nutrients and roughage is
(a) Bajra
(b) Rajma
(c) Jowar
(d) Ragi
Answer:
(d) Ragi

Question 9.
Population of Sri Lankan Tamils is concentrated in ………………. region of Sri Lanka.
(a) North and South
(b) North and East
(c) East and West
(d) South and East
Answer:
(b) North and East

Question 10.
Define Majoritarianism.
Or
Define Ethnicity.
Answer:
A belief that the majority community should be able to rule a country in whichever way it wants, by disregarding the wishes and needs of the minority.
Or
A social division based on shared culture/people belonging to same ethnic group believes in their common descent.

Question 11.
Which administrative authority legislates on Residuary subjects?
Or
Which administrative authority legislates on Union list?
Answer:
Union/Centre
or
Union/Centre

Question 12.
Read the given data and find out which country has most equitable distribution of income.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Set 2 with Solutions
(a) Country A
(b) Country B
(e) Country C
(d) Country D
Answer:
(a) Country A

Question 13.
Read the information given below and select the correct option.

Mohan is an agricultural labourer. There are several months in a year when he has no work and needs credit to meet his daily expenses. He depends upon his employer, the landowner for credit who charges an interest rate of 5 per cent per month. Mohan repays the money by working physically for the landowner on his farmland.

Over the years his debt will –
(a) Increase – because of increasing interest and non-payment of monthly amount
(b) Remain constant – as he is working for the employer but is repaying less
(c) Reduce – as amount equivalent to his salary is being counted as monthly repayment
(d) Be totally repaid – as he is repaying the debt in the form of physical labour

Or

Most of the agricultural labourers like Mohan depend upon loans from informal sector. Which of the following statements about this sector is correct-
(a) There are government bodies to supervise informal sector.
(b) Moneylenders ask for a reasonable rate of interest.
(c) Cost of informal loans to the borrower is quite high.
(d) Moneylenders use fair means to get their money back.
Answer:
(a) Increase – because of increasing interest and non-payment of monthly amount

or

(c) Cost of informal loans to the borrower is quite high.

Question 14.
Which one of the following options describe ‘Collateral’?
(a) Double coincidence of wants
(b) Certain products for barter
(c) Trade in barter
(d) Asset as guarantee for loan
Answer:
(d) Asset as guarantee for loan

Question 15.
Read the given statements in context of ‘globalization’ and choose the correct option.
(a) It is the only way for economic development of the country.
(b) Interlinks only production based activities in dispersed locations in the world.
(c) It has always given only positive results in all the countries.
(d) Leads to spread of technology, cultures and diseases from a region to another.
Answer:
(d) Leads to spread of technology, cultures and diseases from a region to another.

Question 16.
In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct option:
Assertion (A): Different people have different development goals.
Reason (R): People want freedom, equality, security and respect.
Options:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Section-B

Question 17.
Why did Gandhiji start Non-Cooperation Movement? Explain.
Answer:

  • Against Rowlatt Act
  • Jallianwala Bagh incidence
  • Khilafat Andolan

Question 18.
Explain the measures and practices introduced by the French revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people.
Or
“Like Germany, Italy too had a long history of political fragmentation”. Explain.
Answer:

  • The ideas of La Patrie (the fatherland) and Le Citoyen (the citizen) emphasized the notion of united community enjoying equal rights under a Constitution.
  • A new French flag, tricolour was chosen to replace the Royal Standard.
  • Estates General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly.
  • New hymns were composed and martyrs commemorated all in the name of the nation.
  • A centralized system of administration was introduced, uniform laws were made for all citizens.
    [Any three points]

Or

  • Italians were scattered over several dynastic states.
  • Sardinia-Piedmont was ruled by an Italian princely house.
  • Italy was unified in 1861 and Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed King of United Italy.
  • Giuseppe Mazzini had sought to put together a programme for a unitary Italian Republic.
  • The unification of Italy was a result of many wars. Through a tactful diplomatic alliance with France by the Chief Minister Cavour.
  • Garibaldi joined the fray.
    [To be evaluated as a whole]

Question 19.
Suggest and explain any three ways to protect land from degradation in various states of India.
Answer:

  • Afforestation
  • Proper management of grazing
  • Planting of shelter belts of plants
  • Stabilization of sand dunes by growing thorny bushes
  • Control of mining activities
  • Proper discharge and disposal of industrial effluents and wastes after treatment
  • Any other relevant point.
    [Any three points]

Question 20.
Describe any three steps taken by the government towards decentralization in the year 1992.
Or
Describe any three federal features of Indian democracy.
Answer:

  • The Constitution mandate to hold regular elections to local government bodies.
  • Reservation of seats in the elected bodies and the executive heads of these institutions for the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other Backward Classes.
  • Reservation of at least one third of all positions for women.
  • Creation of an independent institution called the State Election Commission in each state to conduct panchayat and municipal elections.
  • The state governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local government bodies.
    [Any three points]

Or

  • Division of powers between the centre and states.
  • There are three lists: Union List, State List, Concurrent List.
  • Residuary subjects
  • Control of union territories with Centre
    [Any three points]

Question 21.
Imagine yourself to be XYZ, a member of a women Self-Help Group. Analyse the ways through which your group provides loan to the members.
Answer:

  • Self Help Groups pool their savings.
  • A typical SHG has 15-20 members, usually belonging to one neighbourhood, who meet and save regularly.
  • Saving per member varies from ? 25 to ? 100 or more, depending on the ability of the people to save.
  • Members can take small loans from the group itself to meet their needs.
  • The group charges interest on these loans but this is still less than what the moneylender charges.
  • After a year or two, if the group is regular in savings, it becomes eligible for availing loan from the bank.
    [Any three points]

Question 22.
‘The issue of sustainability is important for development.’ Examine the statement.
Answer:

  • Sustainable development aims at fulfilling the needs of today without compromising the needs of the future generation.
  • Sustainability is the capability to use the resources judiciously and maintain the ecological balance.
  • It lays emphasis on environmental protection and check environmental degradation.
  • Any other relevant point.
    [Any three points]

Section-C

Question 23.
Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows. (4 × 1 = 4)

Following the defeat of Napoleon in 1815, European governments were driven by a spirit of conservatism. Conservatives believed that established, traditional institutions of state and society – like the monarchy, the Church, social hierarchies, property and the family – should be preserved. Most conservatives, however, did not propose a return to the society of pre-revolutionary days. Rather, they realised, from the changes initiated by Napoleon, that modernisation could in fact strengthen traditional institutions like the monarchy. It could make state power more effective and stronger.

A modern army, an efficient bureaucracy, a dynamic economy, the abolition of feudalism and serfdom could strengthen the autocratic monarchies of Europe. In 1815, representatives of the European powers who had collectively defeated Napoleon, met at Vienna to draw up a settlement for Europe. The Congress was hosted by the Austrian Chancellor Duke Metternich. The delegates drew up the Treaty of Vienna of 1815 with the object of undoing most of the changes that had come about in Europe during the Napoleonic wars. The Bourbon dynasty, which had been deposed during the French Revolution, was restored to power, and France lost the territories it had annexed under Napoleon. A series of states were set up on the boundaries of France to prevent French expansion in future.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.

Question 23.1.
Which of the following statements correctly describes about European conservative ideology?
(a) Preservation of believes introduced by Napoleon
(b) Preservation of two sects of Christianity
(c) Preservation of socialist ideology in economic sphere
(d) Preservation of traditionalist beliefs in state and society
Answer:
(d) Preservation of traditionalist beliefs in state and society

Question 23.2.
Identify the purpose to convene the Vienna of Congress in 1815 from the following options?
(a) To declare competition of German unification
(b) To restore conservative regime in Europe
(c) To declare war against France
(d) To start the process of Italian unification
Answer:
(b) To restore conservative regime in Europe

Question 23.3.
What did conservatives focus oh at the Congress of Vienna? Select the appropriate option.
(a) To re-establish peace and stability in Europe
(b) To establish socialism in Europe
(c) To introduce democracy in France
(d) To set up a new Parliament in Austria
Answer:
(a) To re-establish peace and stability in Europe

Question 23.4.
How did the Congress of Vienna ensure peace in Europe? Select the appropriate option.
(a) With the restoration of Bourbon Dynasty
(b) Austria was not given the control of Northern Italy
(c) Laying out a balance of power between all the great powers in Europe
(d) By giving power to the German confederation
Answer:
(c) Laying out a balance of power between all the great powers in Europe

Question 24.
Read the source given below and answer the following questions. (4 × 1 = 4)

Manufacturing industries not only help in modernising agriculture, which forms the backbone of our economy, they also reduce the heavy dependence of people on agricultural income by providing them jobs in secondary and tertiary sectors. Industrial development is a precondition for eradication of unemployment and poverty from our country. This was the main philosophy behind public sector industries and joint sector ventures in India. It was also aimed at bringing down regional disparities by establishing industries in tribal and backward areas.

Export of manufactured goods expands trade and commerce, and brings in much needed foreign exchange. Countries that transform their raw materials into a wide variety of finished goods of higher value are prosperous. India’s prosperity lies in increasing and diversifying its manufacturing industries as quickly as possible. Agriculture and industry are not exclusive of each other. They move hand in hand. For instance, the agro-industries in India have given a major boost to agriculture by raising its productivity.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.

Question 24.1.
Manufacturing industries fall in and agriculture in
(a) Primary; Secondary Sector
(b) Secondary; Tertiary Sector
(c) Primary; Tertiary Sector
(d) Secondary; Primary Sector
Answer:
(d) Secondary; Primary Sector

Question 24.2.
Manufacturing provides job opportunities to reduce dependence on agriculture. Identify which sector the following jobs belong to:

Jobs created or promoted by manufacturing industries Sector
a. Garment production 1. Primary
b. Research & Development 2. Tertiary
c. Banking 3. Secondary
d. Mining 4. Quaternary

Choose the correct option.
(a) a -1, b 2, c-3, d-4
(b) a-3, b-4, c-2, d -1
(c) a-2, b 3, e- 1, d-2
(d) a-4, b-2, c-1, d-3
Answer:
(b) a-3, b-4, c-2, d -1

Question 24.3.
Which of the following options does not help in modernising agriculture?
(a) Manufacturing farm equipment
(b) Providing unskilled labour force
(c) Supplying fertilizers and pesticides
(d) Producing tube well pumps and sprinklers
Answer:
(b) Providing unskilled labour force

Question 24.4.
In order to attract foreign manufacturing firms, a country needs to develop
(a) Agrarian facilities
(b) Cultivable lands
(c) Media facilities
(d) Infrastructure facilities
Answer:
(d) Infrastructure facilities

Question 25.
Read the given extract and answer the following questions. (4 × 1 = 4)

In a democracy, we are most concerned with ensuring that people will have the right to choose their rulers and people will have control over the rulers. Whenever possible and necessary, citizens should be able to participate in decision making, that affects them all. Therefore, the most basic outcome of democracy should be that it produces a government that is accountable to the citizens, and responsive to the needs and expectations of the citizens.

Some people think that democracy produces less effective government. It is, of course, true that non-democratic rulers are very quick and efficient in decision making and implementation, whereas, democracy is based on the idea of deliberation and negotiation. So, some delay is bound to take place. But, because it has followed procedures, its decisions may be both more acceptable to the people and more effective. Moreover, when citizens want to know if a decision was taken through the correct procedures, they can find this out. They have the right and the means to examine the process of decision making.

This is known as transparency. This factor is often missing from a non-democratic government. There is another aspect in which democratic government is certainly better than its alternatives: democratic government is legitimate government. It may be slow, less efficient, not always very responsive, or clean. But a democratic government is people’s own government.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.

Question 25.1.
People’s right to choose their own rulers is called as the –
(a) Right to Initiate
(b) Right to Plebiscite
(c) Right to Vote
(d) Right to Referendum
Answer:
(c) Right to Vote

Question 25.2.
Which of the following options helps in promoting transparency in the governance?
(a) Right to education
(b) Right to information
(c) Right against exploitation
(d) Right to speech and expression
Answer:
(b) Right to information

Question 25.3.
…………… make/s the government legitimate.
(a) Credibility of politicians
(b) People’s movements
(c) Free and fair elections
(d) Holding of powers
Answer:
(c) Free and fair elections

Question 25.4.
Decisions in a democracy are more acceptable to the people because they are –
(a) Taken swiftly and implemented quickly
(b) Taken by giving privileges to the people
(c) Taken through elites’ votes
(d) Taken after following due processes
Answer:
(d) Taken after following due processes

Question 26.
Read the source given below and answer the following questions. (4 × 1 = 4)

Ford Motors, an American company, is one of the world’s largest automobile manufacturers with production spread over 26 countries of the world. Ford Motors came to India in 1995 and spent Rs. 1700 crore to set up a large plant near Chennai. This was done in collaboration with Mahindra and Mahindra, a major Indian manufacturer of jeeps and trucks. By the year 2004, Ford Motors was selling 27,000 cars in the Indian markets, while 24,000 cars were exported from India to South Africa, Mexico and Brazil. The company wanted to develop Ford India as a component supplying base for its other plants across the globe.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.

Question 26.1.
The passage given above relates to which of the following options?
(a) Increased employment
(b) Foreign investment
(c) Foreign collaboration
(d) International competition
Answer:
(b) Foreign investment

Question 26.2.
According to the given passage, Ford Motors can be termed as a Multi-National Company
based on which of the following options?
(a) Production of different types of automobiles
(b) Largest automobile manufacturer in the world
(c) Because of large scale exports of cars across globe
(d) Industrial and commercial ventures across globe
Answer:
(d) Industrial and commercial ventures across globe

Question 26.3.
By setting up their production plants in India, Ford Motors wanted to-
(a) Collaborate with a leading Indian Automobile company
(b) Satisfy the demands of American, African and Indian markets
(c) Tap the benefits of low-cost production and a large market
(d) Take over small automobile manufacturing units in India
Answer:
(c) Tap the benefits of low-cost production and a large market

Question 26.4.
‘Ford Motors’ wish to develop Ford India as a component supplying base for its other plants across the globe is an evidence of-
(a) Promoting local industries of India
(b) Merging trade from different countries
(c) Supplying jobs to factory workers in India
(d) Interlinking of production across countries
Answer:
(d) Interlinking of production across countries

Section-D

Question 27.
How did people belonging to different communities, regions or language groups develop a sense of collective belonging in the nineteenth century India? Explain.
Or
Explain the meaning and notion of ‘Swaraj ’ as perceived by the plantation workers. How did they respond to the call of ‘the Non-Cooperation movement’?
Answer:

  • The identity of the nation is most often symbolised with the image of Bharat Mata.
  • Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay wrote ‘Vande Mataram’ as a hymn to the motherland.
  • Novel Anandamath.
  • Moved by the Swadeshi movement, Abindranath Tagore painted Bharat Mata and portrayed as an ascetic figure; she is calm, composed, divine and spiritual.
  • Ideas of nationalism also developed through a movement to revive Indian folklore.
  • Icons and symbols in unifying people and inspiring in them a feeling of nationalism.
  • During the Swadeshi movement in Bengal, a tricolour flag (red, green and yellow) was designed.
  • Reinterpretation of history that to instill a sense of pride in the nation.
    [Any five points]

or
1. For plantation workers in Assam, Swaraj meant the right to move freely in and out of the confined space in which they were enclosed, and it meant retaining a link with the village from which they had come.

2.

  • Under the Inland Emigration Act of 1859, plantation workers were not permitted to
    leave the tea gardens without permission, and in fact they were rarely given such permission.
  • When they heard of the Non-Cooperation Movement, thousands of workers defied the authorities, left the plantations, and headed home.
  • They believed that Gandhi Raj was coming, and everyone would be given land in their own villages.
  • They, however, never reached their destination. Stranded on the way by a railway and
    steamer strike, they were caught by the police and brutally beaten up.

Question 28.
Describe the role of mass communication in India.
Or
Describe the benefits of Roadways.
Answer:

  • Mass communication provides entertainment.
  • Creates awareness among people about various national programmes and policies. It includes radio, television, newspapers, magazines, books and films.
  • All India Radio (Akashwani) broadcasts a variety of programmes in national, regional and local languages.
  • Doordarshan broadcasts programmes of entertainment, educational, sports, etc. for people of different age groups.
  • India publishes a large number of newspapers and periodicals annually.
  • Newspapers are published in about 100 languages and dialects to create awareness among people in different parts of the country.
  • India produces short films, video feature films and video short films.
  • Mass media creates awareness among people on various socio-economic and political issues.
  • Any other relevant point.
    [Any five points]

or

  • Roads need less capital than the railways.
  • Road transport provides door-to-door service,
  • The road transport provides flexible service to men and materials.
  • Road transport is useful in small distances.
  • Road transport is helpful in production of perishable goods as it facilitates the distribution of perishable goods from point of production to point of consumption.
  • Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can traverse mountains such as the Himalayas.
  • Any other relevant point.
    [Any five points]

Question 29.
Suggest and explain any five ways to reform political parties in India.
Answer:

  • A law should be made to regulate the internal affairs of political parties.
  • It should be made compulsory for political parties to maintain a register of its members.
  • It should be made mandatory for political parties to give a minimum number of tickets; about l/3rd to its women candidates.
  • There should be a quota for women in the decision-making bodies of the party.
  • There should be state funding of elections.
  • Vote casting should be made compulsory in each election.
  • Any other relevant point.
    [Any five points]

Question 30.
‘Power sharing is the essence of a democratic government.’ Examine the statement.
Answer:

  • Power is shared among different organs of government, such as the legislature, executive
    and judiciary also called as Horizontal power sharing. Example – India
  • Power can be shared among governments at different levels – a general government for
    the entire country and governments at the provincial or regional level. Example – India
    (Union Government and State Government)
  • Community government – Power may also be shared among different social groups such as the religious and linguistic groups. Example – Belgium
  • Power-sharing between political parties, pressure groups and movements – Such competition ensures that power does not remain in one hand.
  • In the long run, power is shared among different political parties that represent different ideologies and social groups.

Question 31.
‘Tertiary sector is playing a significant role in the development of Indian Economy’. Justify the statement.
Or
‘Public sector contributes to the economic development of India.’ Justify the statement.
Answer:

  • Basic services:
    Services such as hospitals, educational institutions, postal services, transport, banks, insurance companies, are in this group.
  • Development of primary and secondary sector:
    The development of agriculture and industry leads to the development of services such as transport, trade and storage.
  • Rise in income levels:
    As income levels rise, certain sections of people start demanding many more services like eating out, tourism, shopping, private hospitals, private schools *’ and professional training centres.
  • Rise in information technology: Over the past decade or so, certain new services, such as those based on information and communication technology have become important and essential.
  • Globalization: Due to globalization, people have become aware of new services and ‘ activities, and communication because of which the tertiary sector has gained importance.

or

  • It promotes rapid economic development through creation and expansion of infrastructure.
  • It creates employment opportunities.
  • It generates financial resources for development.
  • It ensures equality of income, wealth and thus, a balanced regional development.
  • It encourages development of small, medium and cottage industries.
  • It ensures easy availability of goods at moderate rates.
  • Contributes to community development, Human Development Index i.e. health and educational services.
  • Any other relevant point.
    [Any five points]

Section-E

Map Skill Based Question

Question 32.1
Two places A and B have been marked on the given outline map of India. Identify them and write their correct names on the lines drawn near them.
(A) Indian National Congress session at this place in 1927
(B) Mahatma Gandhi organized a Satyagraha Movement at this place for indigo planters

Question 32.2
On the same outline map of India locate and label any THREE of the following with suitable symbols.
(a) Rana Pratap Sagar Dam
(b) Namrup Thermal Plant
(c) Bengaluru Software Technology Park
(d) Vishakhapatnam Port
(e) Naraura Nuclear Power Plant
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Set 2 with Solutions1
Answer:
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Set 2 with Solutions2

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Hindi Course A Set 5 for Practice

Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Hindi with Solutions and marking scheme Course A Set 5 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Hindi Course A Set 5 for Practice

निर्धारित समय : 3 घंटे
अधिकतम अंक : 80

सामान्य निर्देश:
(क) इस प्रश्न-पत्र के दो खंड हैं- ‘अ’ और ‘ब’।
(ख) खंड ‘अ’ में कुल 10 वस्तुपरक प्रश्न पूछे गए हैं। सभी प्रश्नों में उपप्रश्न दिए गए हैं। दिए गए निर्देशों का पालन करते हुए प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए।
(ग) खंड ‘ब’ में कुल 7 वर्णनात्मक प्रश्न पूछे गए हैं। प्रश्नों में आंतरिक विकल्प दिए गए हैं। दिए गए निर्देशों का पालन करते हुए प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए।

खंड ‘अ’- वस्तुपरक प्रश्न ( अंक 40)

अपठित गद्यांश (अंक 5)

प्रश्न 1.
निम्नलिखित गद्यांश को पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के लिए सही विकल्प चुनकर लिखिए। (1 x 5 = 5)
यह घटना सन 1899 की है। उन दिनों कोलकाता में प्लेग फैला हुआ था। शायद ही कोई ऐसा घर बचा था, जहाँ यह बीमारी न पहुँची हो। ऐसी विकट स्थिति में भी स्वामी विवेकानंद और उनके शिष्य रोगियों की सेवा-सुश्रूषा में जुटे हुए थे। वे अपने हाथों से नगर की गलियाँ और बाज़ार साफ़ करते थे और जिस घर में प्लेग का कोई मरीज होता था, उसे दवा आदि देकर उसका उपचार करते थे। उसी दौरान कुछ लोग स्वामी विवेकानंद के पास आए। उनका मुखिया बोला,

“स्वामी जी, इस धरती पर पाप बहुत बढ़ गया है, इसीलिए प्लेग की महामारी के रूप में भगवान लोगों को दंड दे रहे हैं, पर आप ऐसे लोगों को बचाने का यत्न कर रहे हैं। ऐसा करके आप भगवान के कार्यों में बाधा डाल रहे हैं।” मंडली के मुखिया की कील जैसी बातें सुनकर स्वामी जी गंभीरता से बोले, “सबसे पहले तो मैं आप सब विद्वानों का नमस्कार करता हूँ।” इसके बाद स्वामी जी बोले, “आप सब यह तो जानते ही होंगे कि मनुष्य इस जीवन में अपने कर्मों के कारण कष्ट और सुख पाता है।

ऐसा जो व्यक्ति कष्ट से पीड़ित है और तड़प रहा है, यदि दूसरा व्यक्ति उसके घावों पर मरहम लगा देता है तो वह स्वयं ही पुण्य का अधिकारी बन जाता है। आज यदि आपके अनुसार प्लेग से पीड़ित लोग पाप के भागी हैं और हमारे कार्यकर्ता इन लोगों की मदद कर रहे हैं, वे तो पुण्य के भागी बन रहे हैं। बताइए कि इस संदर्भ में आपको क्या कहना है?” उनकी बात सुनकर सभी लोग भौंचक्के रह गए और चुपचाप सिर झुकाकर वहाँ से चले गए।

(i) कोलकाता में कौन-सी महामारी फैली थी?
(क) चेचक
(ख) प्लेग
(ग) हैजा
(घ) स्वाइन फ्लू
उत्तर
(ख) प्लेग

(ii) महामारी के विषय में कुछ लोगों की धारणा थी कि
(क) यह ईश्वर का कहर है
(ख) इस पर नियंत्रण असंभव है
(ग) दवाओं द्वारा इसकी रोकथाम संभव है
(घ) लोगों को उनके पाप का दंड मिल रहा है
उत्तर
(घ) लोगों को उनके पाप का दंड मिल रहा है

(iii) कुछ लोगों की दृष्टि में विवेकानंद जी द्वारा पीड़ितों की सेवा करना था
(क) लोक कल्याण में बाधा
(ख) लोक कल्याण में सहायता
(ग) ईश्वर के कार्य में बाधा
(घ) ईश्वर के कार्य में सहायता
उत्तर
(ग) ईश्वर के कार्य में बाधा

(iv) स्वामी विवेकानंद जी के अनुसार उनके तथा कार्यकर्ताओं द्वारा किया जा रहा कार्य था
(क) मानवोचित कर्म
(ख) पाप कर्म
(ग) समाज सेवा
(घ) पुण्य का कार्य
उत्तर
(घ) पुण्य का कार्य

(v) उपर्युक्त गद्यांश का उचित शीर्षक हो सकता है
(क) दंड
(ख) महामारी
(ग) कर्मों का फल
(घ) पाप और पुण्य
उत्तर
(घ) पाप और पुण्य

अथवा

महाभारत में देश के प्रायः अधिकांश वीर कौरवों के पक्ष में थे। मगर फिर भी जीत पांडवों की हुई, क्योंकि उन्होंने लाक्षा-गृह की मुसीबत झेली थी, वनवास के जोखिम को पार किया था। साहस की ज़िंदगी सबसे बड़ी जिंदगी होती है। ऐसी जिंदगी की सबसे बड़ी पहचान यह है कि यह बिलकुल निडर, बिल्कुल बेखौफ़ होती है। साहसी मनुष्य की पहली पहचान यह है कि वह इस बात की चिंता नहीं करता कि तमाशा देखने वाले लोग उसके बारे में क्या सोच रहे हैं।

जनमत की उपेक्षा करके जीने वाला आदमी दुनिया की असली ताकत होता है और मनुष्यता को प्रकाश भी उसी आदमी से मिलता है। अड़ोस-पड़ोस को देखकर चलना साधारण जीव का काम है। क्रांति करने वाले लोग अपने उद्देश्य की तुलना न तो पड़ोसी के उद्देश्य से करते हैं और न अपनी चाल को ही पड़ोसी की चाल देखकर मद्धिम बनाते हैं, बल्कि निडर होकर अपने लक्ष्य को पूरा करते हैं।

(i) इस गद्यांश का उपयुक्त शीर्षक होगा
(क) संकट और विकास
(ख) साहस की आवश्यकता
(ग) हिम्मत और जिंदगी
(घ) स्वाभिमानी जीवन
उत्तर
(ग) हिम्मत और जिंदगी

(ii) पांडवों की जीत के पीछे क्या कारण बताया गया है?
(क) सत्य की शक्ति
(ख) कृष्ण का साथ
(ग) भाग्य का साथ ।
(घ) संकटों का मुकाबला
उत्तर
(घ) संकटों का मुकाबला

(iii) ‘साहस की जिंदगी सबसे बड़ी जिंदगी होती है।’ यह किस प्रकार का वाक्य है?
(क) सरल वाक्य
(ख) संयुक्त वाक्य
(ग) मिश्र वाक्य
(घ) नकारात्मक वाक्य
उत्तर
(क) सरल वाक्य

(iv) साहसी मनुष्य की पहचान क्या है?
(क) वह आस-पड़ोस को देखकर चलता है
(ख) वह मनमानी करता है
(ग) वह जनमत की उपेक्षा करता है
(घ) वह लोगों की निंदा की परवाह नहीं करता
उत्तर
(घ) वह लोगों की निंदा की परवाह नहीं करता

(v) क्रांतिकारी लोग
(क) निडर होकर मनमानी करते हैं
(ख) निडर होकर अपने लक्ष्य को पूरा करते हैं
(ग) आस-पड़ोस की चिंता करते हैं
(घ) कुछ नहीं करते हैं
उत्तर
(ख) निडर होकर अपने लक्ष्य को पूरा करते हैं

अपठित पद्यांश (अंक 5)

प्रश्न 2.
निम्नलिखित पद्यांश को पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के लिए सही विकल्प चुनकर लिखिए। (1 x 5 = 5)

भोर हुई पेड़ों की बीन बोलने लगी,
पात-पात हिले डाल-डाल डोलने लगी।
कहीं दूर किरणों के तार झनझना उठे,
सपनों के स्वर डूबे धरती के गान में।
लाखों ही लाख दीए तारों के खो गए,
पूरब के अधरों की हल्की मुस्कान में।
कुछ ऐसे पूरब के गाँव की हवा चली,
खपरैलों की दुनिया आँख खोलने लगी।
जमे हुए धुएँ-सी पहाड़ी है दूर की,
काजल की रेख-सी कतार है खजूर की।

सोने का कलश लिए उषा चली आ रही है,
माथे पर दमक रही आभा सिंदूर की।
धरती को परियों के सपनीले प्यार में,
नई चेतना नई उमंग बोलने लगी।
कुछ ऐसे मोर की बयार गुनगुना उठी,
अलसाए कुहरे की बाँह सिमटने लगी।
नरम-नरम किरणों की नई धूप में,
राहों के पेड़ों की छाँह लिपटने लगी।
लहराई माटी की धुली-धुली चेतना,
फसलों पर चुहचुहिया पाँख बोलने लगी।

(i) कवि ने किस समय का चित्रण किया है?
(क) प्रात:काल
(ख) संध्या
(ग) दोपहर
(घ) रात्रि
उत्तर
(क) प्रात:काल

(ii) दीए किसके हैं?
(क) जुगनुओं के
(ख) माटी के
(ग) तारों के
(घ) पीतल के
उत्तर
(ख) माटी के

(iii) दूर की पहाड़ी कैसी दिखाई दे रही है?
(क) अस्पष्ट
(ख) जमे हुए दही-सी
(ग) धुंधली
(घ) जमे हुए धुंए-सी
उत्तर
(घ) जमे हुए धुंए-सी

(iv) सोने का कलश क्या है?
(क) सूर्य
(ख) तारे
(ग) चंद्रमा
(घ) बादल
उत्तर
(क) सूर्य

(v) भोर की बयार के गुनगुनाने का परिणाम क्या हुआ?
(क) चुहचुहिया पाँख खोलने लगी
(ख) राहों के पेड़ों की चाह लिपटने लगी
(ग) अलसाए कुहरे की बाँह सिमटने लगी
(घ) माटी में चेतना आ गई
उत्तर
(ग) अलसाए कुहरे की बाँह सिमटने लगी

अथवा

हे प्रभु, निधि विनम्रता की तुम
वासी हो तुम दीन कुटी के
गंगा, यमुना, ब्रह्मपुत्र से
सिंचित इस सुंदर भारत में
खोज सकें हम तुमको |
इसमें हमें मदद दो
ग्रहणशीलता दो हमको, दो खुला हृदय
दो कृपया अपनी विनम्रता
शक्ति दो हमको दो तत्परता
ताकि देश की जनता से

हम हो पाएँ एकाकार
वर दो प्रभु
हम अलग न पड़ जाएँ उस ‘जन’ से
जिसकी सेवा करनी हमको
सहचर बनकर सेवक बनकर
त्याग, भक्ति और विनम्रता का
हमें बना दो पुतला प्रभुवर
जिससे हम अपने भारत को
ज़्यादा समझें, ज़्यादा चाहें।

(i) प्रभु क्या है?
(क) सर्वव्यापी
(ख) विनम्रता की निधि
(ग) सर्वसुलभ
(घ) करुणा-सागर
उत्तर
(ख) विनम्रता की निधि

(ii) कवि किसमें प्रभु की मदद चाहता है?
(क) नदियों के जल से सिंचित सुंदर भारत में उन्हें खोज सके
(ख) दीन-दुखियों की कुटी में उन्हें पा सके
(ग) कण-कण में छुपे प्रभु के दर्शन हेतु
(घ) करुणामय की दया हेतु
उत्तर
(ख) दीन-दुखियों की कुटी में उन्हें पा सके

(iii) वह प्रभु से क्या माँगता है?
(क) ग्रहणशीलता और खुला हृदय
(ख) उसकी विनम्रता
(ग) शक्ति और तत्परता
(घ) उपर्युक्त सभी
उत्तर
(घ) उपर्युक्त सभी

(iv) वह प्रभु से किसका पुतला बनने की कामना करता है?
(क) सहचर
(ख) सेवक
(ग) त्याग, भक्ति और विनम्रता
(घ) सामान्य का प्रतिरूप
उत्तर
(ग) त्याग, भक्ति और विनम्रता

(v) वह यह सब क्यों माँग रहा है?
(क) अपने लिए
(ख) देश को ज़्यादा समझने और चाहने के लिए
(ग) सबके लिए
(घ) भारत के लिए व्यावहारिक
उत्तर
(ख) देश को ज़्यादा समझने और चाहने के लिए

व्याकरण (अंक 16)

प्रश्न 3.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों को पढ़कर किन्हीं चार प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिएि। (1 x 4 = 4)

(i) जब बारिश हुई तब किसान झूमने लगा। वाक्य है
(क) सरल वाक्य
(ख) मिश्र वाक्य
(ग) संयुक्त वाक्य
(घ) इनमें से कोई नहीं
उत्तर
(ख) मिश्र वाक्य

(ii) हम चाहते हैं कि हिंसा बंद हो जाए। रेखांकित उपवाक्य है
(क) संज्ञा उपवाक्य
(ख) सर्वनाम उपवाक्य
(ग) क्रिया उपवाक्य
(घ) विशेषण उपवाक्य
उत्तर
(क) संज्ञा उपवाक्य

(iii) सरल वाक्य है
(क) वह कामचोर था, इसलिए विफल हुआ।
(ख) वह आया, परंतु कुछ नहीं बोला।
(ग) हम लोग तैरने के लिए नदी पर गए थे।
(घ) ऐसा काम करो, जिसमें फायदा हो।
उत्तर
(ग) हम लोग तैरने के लिए नदी पर गए थे।

(iv) संयुक्त वाक्य है
(क) मुझे नहीं पता कि वे कब आएँगे।
(ख) परीक्षा कठिन है, इसलिए परीक्षा में उत्तीर्ण नहीं हुआ।
(ग) बच्चे शोर मचा रहा हैं।
(घ) जो जागत है, सो पावत है।
उत्तर
(क) मुझे नहीं पता कि वे कब आएँगे।

(v) ‘मैं लिख रहा हूँ जो ब्रह्म सत्य है।’ वाक्य में प्रधान उपवाक्य है
(क) ब्रह्य सत्य है
(ख) जो ब्रह्म सत्य है
(ग) मैं लिख रहा हूँ
(घ) लिख रहा हूँ
उत्तर
(क) ब्रह्य सत्य है

प्रश्न 4.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों को पढ़कर किन्हीं चार प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिएि। (1 x 4 =4)

(i) ‘मुझसे पत्र नहीं लिखा गया।’ वाक्य का कर्तृवाच्य है
(क) मैंने पत्र नहीं लिखा।
(ख) मैंने पत्र नहीं लिखा था।
(ग) मैं पत्र नहीं लिखता।
(घ) मैं पत्र नहीं लिख सकता।
उत्तर
(क) मैंने पत्र नहीं लिखा।

(ii) कर्मवाच्य है
(क) लड़के आँगन में सो रहे हैं।
(ख) अब चला जाए।
(ग) हम रोज़ नहाते हैं।
(घ) उससे दिन में फल खाए जाते हैं।
उत्तर
(घ) उससे दिन में फल खाए जाते हैं।

(iii) वाल्मीकि द्वारा रामायण लिखी गई। वाच्य है
(क) कर्तृवाच्य
(ख) कर्मवाच्य
(ग) भाववाच्य
(घ) कोई नहीं
उत्तर
(ख) कर्मवाच्य

(iv) भाववाच्य है
(क) पक्षी आकाश में उड़ते हैं।
(ख) बच्चा खूब रोया।
(ग) मुझसे बैठा नहीं जाता।
(घ) सिपाही द्वारा चोर पकड़ा गया।
उत्तर
(ग) मुझसे बैठा नहीं जाता।

(v) अशोक ने विश्व को शांति का संदेश दिया। वाच्य है
(क) कर्तृवाच्य
(ख) कर्मवाच्य
(ग) भाववाच्य
(घ) कोई नही
उत्तर
(घ) कोई नही

प्रश्न 5.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों को पढ़कर किन्हीं चार प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिएि। (1 x 4 = 4)
(i) माँ आपकी रक्षा करती है। रेखांकित का पद-परिचय है
(क) व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा, स्त्रीलिंग, एकवचन, कर्ता कारक
(ख) जातिवाचक संज्ञा, स्त्रीलिंग, एकवचन, कर्ता कारक
(ग) जातिवाचक संज्ञा, पुल्लिंग, एकवचन, कर्म कारक
(घ) भाववाचक संज्ञा, स्त्रीलिंग, एकवचन, कर्ता कारक
उत्तर
(ख) जातिवाचक संज्ञा, स्त्रीलिंग, एकवचन, कर्ता कारक

(ii) मैं खुद पढ़ लूँगी। ‘खुद’ का पद-परिचय है–
(क) अन्य पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिंग
(ख) रीतिवाचक क्रियाविशेषण, ‘पढ़ लूँगी’ क्रिया की विशेषता
(ग) निजवाचक सर्वनाम, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिंग
(घ) उत्तम पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिंग
उत्तर
(ग) निजवाचक सर्वनाम, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिंग

(iii) मनुष्य का चरित्र उसका उत्तम गुण होता है। वाक्य में ‘उत्तम’ का पद-परिचय है
(क) परिमाणवाचक विशेषण, एकवचन, पुल्लिग, ‘गुण’ विशेष्य
(ख) संख्यावाचक विशेषण, बहुवचन, स्त्रीलिंग, ‘गुण’ विशेष्य
(ग) गुणवाचक विशेषण, एकवचन, पुल्लिग, ‘गुण’ विशेष्य
(घ) इनमें से कोई नहीं
उत्तर
(क) परिमाणवाचक विशेषण, एकवचन, पुल्लिग, ‘गुण’ विशेष्य

(iv) हम सभी भारतीयों का अभिवादन करते हैं। ‘भारतीयों’ का पद-परिचय होगा
(क) व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा, बहुवचन, पुल्लिंग, संबंध कारक
(ख) जातिवाचक संज्ञा, बहुवचन, पुल्लिंग, संबंध कारक
(ग) गुणावाचक विशेषण, बहुवचन, पुल्लिंग, ‘सभी’ विशेष्य
(घ) गुणावाचक विशेषण, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिंग, ‘हम’ विशेष्य
उत्तर
(ख) जातिवाचक संज्ञा, बहुवचन, पुल्लिंग, संबंध कारक

(v) वह लड़का घर जाता है । ‘वह’ का पद-परिचय है
(क) पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, कर्ता कारक
(ख) संकेतवाचक सर्वनाम, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, कर्ता कारक
(ग) संकेतवाचक विशेषण, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, लड़का विशेष्य
(घ) अन्य पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, कर्ता कारक
उत्तर
(घ) अन्य पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, कर्ता कारक

प्रश्न 6.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों को पढ़कर किन्हीं चार प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिएि। (1 x 4 = 4)

(i) ऐ मेरे वतन के लोगों ज़रा आँख में भर लो पानी। जो शहीद हुए हैं उनकी ज़रा यार करो कुर्बानी। इन पंक्तियों में कौन-सा रस है?
(क) वीर रस
(ख) रौद्र रस
(ग) अद्भुत रस
(घ) करुण रस
उत्तर
(क) वीर रस

(ii) “ऊधो, मोहिं ब्रज बिसरत नाहीं। हंससुता की सुंदर कगरी और द्रुमन की छाँहीं।।” इन पंक्तियों में किस रस का स्थायी भाव है?
(क) विस्मय
(ख) रति
(ग) शोक
(घ) क्रोध
उत्तर
(ख) रति

(iii) किलक अरे मैं नेह निहारूँ। इन दाँतों पर मोती वारूँ।। इन पंक्तियों में कौन-सा रस है?
(क) उत्साह
(ख) भक्ति
(ग) रति
(घ) वात्सल्य
उत्तर
(घ) वात्सल्य

(iv) उत्साह किस रस का स्थायी भाव है?
(क) वीभत्स
(ख) भयानक
(ग) रौद्र
(घ) वीर
उत्तर
(घ) वीर

(v) हास्य रस का उदाहरण है
(क) बसों मेरे नैनन में नंदलाल, मोर मुकुट मकराकृत कुंडल, अरुण तिलक दिए भाल।
(ख) सीस पर गंगा हँसे, भुजनि भुजंगा हँसे, हास ही को दंगा भयो नंगा के विवाह में।
(ग) दुख ही जीवन की कथा रही, क्या कहूँ आज जो नहीं कही।
(घ) लंका की सेना कपि के गर्जन रव से काँप गई, हनुमान के भीषण दर्शन से विनाश ही भाँप गई।
उत्तर
(ख) सीस पर गंगा हँसे, भुजनि भुजंगा हँसे, हास ही को दंगा भयो नंगा के विवाह में।

पाठ्यपुस्तक (अंक 14)

प्रश्न 7.
निम्नलिखित गद्यांश को पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिए। (1 x 5 = 5)
ठाली बैठे, कल्पना करते रहने की पुरानी आदत है। नवाब साहब की असुविधा और संकोच के कारण का अनुमान करने लगे। संभव है, नवाब साहब ने बिलकुल अकेले यात्रा कर सकने के अनुमान में किफ़ायत के विचार से सेकंड क्लास का टिकट खरीद लिया हो और अब गवारा न हो कि शहर का कोई सफेदपोश उन्हें मँझले दर्जे में सफर करता देखे।… अकेले सफर का वक्त काटने के लिए ही खीरे खरीदे होंगे और अब किसी सफेदपोश के सामने खीरा कैसे खाएँ? हम कनखियों से नवाब साहब की ओर देख रहे थे। नवाब साहब कुछ देर गाड़ी की खिड़की से बाहर देखकर स्थिति पर गौर करते रहे।

(i) लेखक की पुरानी आदत क्या थी?
(क) गीत गाते रहना
(ख) दूसरों से बातें करना
(ग) कल्पना करते रहना
(घ) इनमें से कोई नहीं
उत्तर
(ग) कल्पना करते रहना

(ii) लेखक किसकी असुविधा और संकोच के कारण का अनुमान करने लगे?
(क) अपनी पत्नी की
(ख) स्वयं की
(ग) नवाब साहब की
(घ) अपने मित्रों की
उत्तर
(ग) नवाब साहब की

(iii) लेखक ने क्या-क्या अनुमान लगाया?
(क) नवाब साहब एकांत में यात्रा करना चाहते होंगे
(ख) बचत करना चाहते होंगे
(ग) अकेलेपन को दूर करने के लिए खीरे खरीदे होंगे
(घ) उपर्युक्त सभी
उत्तर
(घ) उपर्युक्त सभी

(iv) नवाब साहब खीरे क्यों नहीं खा रहे थे?
(क) संकोचवश
(ख) उन्हें खीरे अच्छे नहीं लगते
(ग) ट्रेन में खाना मना है
(घ) इनमें से कोई नहीं
उत्तर
(क) संकोचवश

(v) डिब्बे में चढ़ते समय लेखक का क्या अनुमान था?
(क) डिब्बे में भीड़ होगी
(ख) डिब्बा खाली होगा
(ग) डिब्बे में चढ़ना मुश्किल होगा
(घ) उपर्युक्त सभी
उत्तर
(ख) डिब्बा खाली होगा

प्रश्न 8.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिए। (1 x 2 = 2)
(i) नेताजी का चश्मा कहानी में सुभाषचंद्र बोस जी की मूर्ति किससे बनी थी?
(क) लोहा
(ख) संगमरमर
(ग) कंक्रीट
(घ) मिट्टी
उत्तर
(ख) संगमरमर

(ii) भगत जी की बहू उन्हें छोड़कर क्यों नहीं जाना चाहती थी?
(क) सामाजिक मर्यादा के कारण
(ख) संपत्ति के लोभ में
(ग) पति से प्यार होने के कारण
(घ) ससुर की चिंता के कारण
उत्तर
(घ) ससुर की चिंता के कारण

प्रश्न 9.
निम्नलिखित पद्यांश को पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिए। (1 x 5 = 5)
मन की मन ही माँझ रही।
कहिए जाइ कौन पै ऊधौ, नाहीं परत कही।
अवधि अधार आस आवन की, तन मन बिथा सही।
अब इन जोग सँदेसनि सुनि-सुनि, बिरहिनि बिरह दही।
चाहति हुती गुहारि जितहिं तैं, उत तैं धार बही।
‘सूरदास’ अब धीर धरहिं क्यौं, मरजादा न लही।
उत्तर
(i) गोपियाँ अपनी मन की व्यथा को क्यों नहीं कह पा रही हैं?
(क) गोपियाँ श्रीकृष्ण के प्रेम-विरह में इतनी व्याकुल हैं कि अपने मन की बात भी करना नहीं चाहती हैं।
(ख) गोपिकाओं को अब तक ऐसा कोई नहीं मिला, जिससे वे अपने मन की व्यथा कह सकें।
(ग) श्रीकृष्ण के वियोग में गोपिकाएँ तन-मन से बहुत व्यथित हैं।
(घ) दिए गए विकल्पों के सभी उत्तर गलत हैं।
उत्तर
(घ) दिए गए विकल्पों के सभी उत्तर गलत हैं।

(ii) गोपियों का धैर्य क्यों टूटने लगा?
(क) उन्हें विश्वास था कि श्रीकृष्ण उनसे मिलने ज़रूर आएँगे, लेकिन श्रीकृष्ण नहीं आए।
(ख) श्रीकृष्ण ने उद्धव को योग-साधना सिखाने के लिए गोपियों के पास भेजा।
(ग) दोनों विकल्प सही हैं।
(घ) दोनों विकल्प गलत हैं।
उत्तर
(ग) दोनों विकल्प सही हैं।

(iii) गोपियों के पास उद्धव किसका संदेश लेकर आए थे?
(क) मथुरा के राजा कंस का
(ख) गोकुल के सरपंच का
(ग) श्रीकृष्ण जी का
(घ) दिए गए विकल्पों का सभी उत्तर गलत है।
उत्तर
(ग) श्रीकृष्ण जी का

(iv) किस मर्यादा के उल्लंघन की बात गोपियाँ उद्धव से कह रही हैं?
(क) कृष्ण के द्वारा प्रेम की मर्यादा का
(ख) उद्धव के उपदेश देने की मर्यादा के बारे में
(ग) गोपियों के प्रेम की मर्यादा के बारे में
(घ) दिए गए विकल्पों के सभी उत्तर सही हैं।
उत्तर
(क) कृष्ण के द्वारा प्रेम की मर्यादा का

(v) ‘बिरहिनि’ का अर्थ है
(क) वियोग में जीने वाली महिला
(ख) गायिका
(ग) एक तरह का गीत
(घ) उपर्युक्त सभी
उत्तर
(क) वियोग में जीने वाली महिला

प्रश्न 10.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिए। (1 x 2 = 2)
(i) सहस्रबाहु की भुजाओं को किसने काट डाला था?
(क) लक्ष्मण ने
(ख) परशुराम ने
(ग) विष्णु ने
(घ) शिव ने
उत्तर
(ख) परशुराम ने

(ii) लड़की होना पर लड़की जैसा मत दिखना’ का क्या आशय है?
(क) आवश्यकता अनुरूप कठोर और कोमल
(ख) कठोर दिखना
(ग) उपर्युक्त में से कोई नहीं
(घ) कोमल दिखना
उत्तर
(घ) कोमल दिखना

का खंड ‘ब’- वर्णनात्मक प्रश्न (अंक 40)

पाठ्यपुस्तक एवं पूरक पाठ्यपुस्तक (अंक 20)

प्रश्न 11.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर लगभग 25-30 शब्दों में लिखिए। (2 x 4 = 8)

(क) बालगोबिन भगत की मृत्यु उन्हीं के अनुरूप हुई?
(ख) लेखक को नवाब साहब का मौन रहना भी अखर रहा था और बातें करना भी कचोटने लगा। क्यों?
(ग) ‘फ़ादर को याद करना एक उदास शांत संगीत को सुनने जैसा है,’ ऐसा क्यों कहा गया है?
(घ) सेनानी न होते हुए भी चश्मे वाले को लोग कैप्टन क्यों कहते थे?

प्रश्न 12.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर लगभग 25-30 शब्दों में लिखिए। (2 x 3 = 6)
(क) ‘कन्यादान’ कविता में माँ ने बेटी को ऐसा क्यों कहा, ‘लड़की होना, पर लड़की जैसी दिखाई मत देना’?
(ख) ‘अट नहीं रही’ कविता में कवि की आँख फागुन की सुंदरता से क्यों नहीं हट रही है?
(ग) ‘गाधिसुनू’ किसे कहा गया है? वे मुनि की किस बात पर मन ही मन मुस्कुरा रहे थे?

प्रश्न 13.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों में से किन्हीं दो प्रश्नों के उत्तर लगभग 40-50 शब्दों में लिखिए। (3 x 2 = 6)
(क) और देखते ही देखते नई दिल्ली का कायापलट होने लगा?’ नई दिल्ली के कायापलट के लिए क्या-क्या प्रयत्न किए गए होंगे?
(ख) ‘साना-साना हाथ जोड़ि’…. पाठ में गंतोक को मेहनतकश बादशाहों का शहर क्यों कहा गया है?
(ग) गुरुजी की फटकार से रोता हुआ बालक भोलानाथ यकायक चुप कैसे हो गया?

लेखन (अंक 20)

प्रश्न 14.
निम्नलिखित में से किसी एक विषय पर दिए गए संकेत-बिंदुओं के आधार पर लगभग 80-100 शब्दों में अनुच्छेद लिखिए। (5 x 1 =5)
(क) महानगरीय जीवनः वरदान या अभिशाप
संकेत-बिंदु-

  • शहरों की ओर बढ़ते कदम
  • दिवास्वप्न
  • वरदान रूप
  • महानगरीय जीवन-एक अभिशाप।

(ख) बदलती दुनिया में पीछे छूटते जीवन-मूल्य
संकेत-बिंदु-

  • संसार परिवर्तनशील
  • बदलाव का प्रभाव
  • खोते नैतिक मूल्य।

(ग) सत्संगति का प्रभाव
संकेत-बिंदु-

  • सत्संगति का अर्थ
  • सत्संगति से लाभ
  • विद्यार्थी में सत्संगति का महत्व।

प्रश्न 15.
आपका मित्र बोर्ड की परीक्षा में प्रथम घोषित किया गया है। इस अवसर पर उसे लगभग 80-100 शब्दों में बधाई पत्र लिखिए। (5 x 1 =5)
अथवा
चेक बुक खो जाने की सूचना देते हुए अपने बैंक के प्रबंधक को 80-100 शब्दों में पत्र लिखिए।(5 x 1 =5)

प्रश्न 16.
विद्यालय के वार्षिकोत्सव के अवसर पर विद्यार्थियों द्वारा निर्मित हस्तकला की वस्तुओं की प्रदर्शनी के प्रचार हेतु लगभग 25-50 शब्दों में एक विज्ञापन लिखिए। (5 x 1 =5)
अथवा
‘हरियाली’ पौधशाला के पौधों की बिक्री बढ़ाने हेतु 25-50 शब्दों में एक विज्ञापन तैयार कीजिए।

प्रश्न 17.
प्रधानाचार्य की और से विद्यालय की वार्षिक पत्रिका हेतु विद्यार्थियों को लेख आदि भेजने का संदेश 30-40 शब्दों में लिखिए। (5 x 1 =5)
अथवा
मित्र को विद्यालय की रजत जयंती हेतु शुभकामना संदेश 30-40 शब्दों में लिखिए।

Current Electricity Class 12 Important Extra Questions Physics Chapter 3

Here we are providing Class 12 Physics Important Extra Questions and Answers Chapter 3 Current Electricity. Important Questions for Class 12 Physics with Answers are the best resource for students which helps in Class 12 board exams.

Class 12 Physics Chapter 3 Important Extra Questions Current Electricity

Current Electricity Important Extra Questions Very Short Answer Type

Question 1.
A wire or resistivity ρ is stretched to double its length. What will be its new resistivity?
Answer:
The resistivity remains the same as it does not depend upon the length of the wire.

Question 2.
What is the effect of temperature on the relaxation time of electrons in a metal?
Answer:
The relaxation time of electrons decreases with the rise in temperature of the metal.

Question 3.
Which physical quantity does the voltage versus current graph for a metallic conductor depict? Give its SI unit.
Answer:
It represents resistance. It is measured in ohm.

Question 4.
Define drift velocity of electrons.
Answer:
The mean velocity acquired by electrons in a conductor when an external electric field is applied to it.

Question 5.
A resistance R is connected across a cell of emf ε and internal resistance r. A potentiometer now measures the potential difference between the terminals, of the cell as V., Write the expression for ‘r’ in terms of ε, V and R. (CBSE Delhi 2011)
Answer:
The required relation is r = \(\left(\frac{\varepsilon}{V}-1\right)\)R

Question 6.
How is the drift velocity in a conductor affected by the rise in temperature? (CBSE Delhi 2019)
Answer:
It decreases.

Question 7.
Two students A and B were asked to pick a resistor of 15 kΩ from a collection of carbon resistors. A picked a resistor with bands of colours brown, green, orange, while B chose a resistor with bands of black, green, red. Who picked the correct resistor? (CBSE AI 2013C)
Answer:
A

Question 8.
Define the term ‘Mobility’ of charge carriers in a conductor. Write its S.l. unit. (CBSE Delhi 2014, AI 2015)
Answer:
Mobility of charge carriers in a conductor is defined as the magnitude of their drift velocity per unit applied electric field. Its SI unit is m2 V-1 s-1.

Question 9.
How does the mobility of electrons in a conductor change, if the potential difference applied across the conductor is doubled, keeping the length and temperature of the conductor constant? (CBSE Delhi 2019)
Answer:
No change.

Question 10.
Graph showing the variation of current versus voltage for a material GaAs is shown in the figure. Identify the region of
(i) negative resistance (ii) where Ohm’s
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 1
Answer:
(i) DE (ii) AB

Question 11.
Define mobility of a charge carrier. What is its relation with relaxation time? (CBSEAI 2016)
Answer:
It is defined as the drift velocity per unit electric field. The relation is μ = \(\frac{-e \tau}{m}\).

Question 12.
Nichrome and copper wires of the same length and same radius are connected in series. Current l is passed through them. Which wire gets heated up more? Justify your answer. (CBSEAI 2017)
Answer:
Nichrome, as it has more resistivity.

Question 13.
When a potential difference is applied across the ends of a conductor, how is the drift velocity of the electrons related to the relaxation time? (CBSE Delhi 2019)
Answer:
Drift velocity is directly proportional to the relaxation time.
Vd = \(\frac{e E}{m} \tau\)

Question 14.
Two bulbs are marked 60 W, 220 V and 100 W, 220 V. These are connected in parallel to 220 V mains. Which one out of the two will glow brighter?
Answer:
In parallel combination, the bulb having, more power glows more. Therefore the bulb marked 100 W, 220 V glows brighter.

Question 15.
A heater joined in parallel with a 60 W bulb is connected to the mains. If the 60 W bulb is replaced by a 100 W bulb, will the rate of heat produced by the heater be more, less or remain the same?
Answer:
The rate of heat produced in the heater will be the same as the two are connected in parallel.

Question 16.
Two conductors, one having resistance R and another 2R, are connected in turn across a dc source. If the rate of heat produced in the two conductors is Q1 and Q2 respectively, what is the value of Q1/ Q2?
Answer:
We know that Q = \(\frac{V^{2}}{R}\)t, therefore
\(\frac{Q_{1}}{Q_{2}}=\frac{R_{2}}{R_{1}}=\frac{2 R}{R}\) = 2

Question 17.
When electrons drift in metal from lower to higher potential, does it mean that all the free electrons of the metal are moving in the same direction? (CBSE Delhi 2012)
Answer:
No.

Question 18.
How does one explain the increase in resistivity of metal with an increase in temperature? (CBSE AI 2014C)
Answer:
With the increase in temperature, the average relaxation time decreases; this causes an increase in resistivity.

Question 19.
A carbon resistor is marked in red, yellow and orange bands. What is the approximate resistance of the resistor?
Answer:
24 × 103  ohm ± 20%

Question 20.
If potential difference V applied across a conductor is increased to 2 V, how will the drift velocity of the electrons change?
Answer:
The drift velocity is given by the expression Vd = \(\frac{e V}{m L}\)τ Therefore if the potential is doubled, drift velocity is also doubled.

Question 21.
What is the largest voltage you can safely put across a resistor marked 98 ohm – 0.5 W?
Answer:
Using the expression
V = \(\sqrt{P R}=\sqrt{0.5 \times 98}\) = 7 V

Question 22.
Two wires A and B are of the same metal, have the same area of cross-section and have their lengths in the ratio 2:1. What will be the ratio of currents flowing through them respectively, when the same potential difference is applied across the length of each of them?
Answer:
\(\frac{I_{\mathrm{A}}}{I_{\mathrm{B}}}=\frac{R_{\mathrm{B}}}{R_{\mathrm{A}}}=\frac{l_{\mathrm{A}}}{l_{\mathrm{B}}}=\frac{2}{1}\)

Question 23.
How does the heat produce in a resistor depend on its resistance when
(i) a constant current is passed through it
Answer:
For l = constant, heat produced H ∝ R

(ii) a constant potential difference is applied across its ends?
Answer:
For constant potential difference V, the heat produced, H ∝ \(\frac{1}{R}\)

Question 24.
Two wires of equal length, one of copper and the other of manganin have the same resistance. Which wire is thicker? (CBSE AI 2012)
Answer:
Manganin.

Question 25.
Two identical cells, each of emf E, having negligible internal resistance, are connected in parallel with each other across an external resistance R. What is the current through this resistance? (CBSE AI 2013)
Answer:
The current is l = E/R

Question 26.
Define temperature coefficient of resistivity. (CBSE Sample Paper 2018-2019)
Answer:
It is defined as the fractional change in resistivity per unit change in temperature.

Question 27.
A cell of emf E and internal resistance r is connected across an external resistance R. Plot a graph showing the variation of P.D. across R, versus R. (NCERT Exemplar)
Answer:
The graph is as shown.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 2

Current Electricity Important Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Why is a potentiometer preferred over a voltmeter for determining the emf of a cell? (CBSE Delhi 2016C)
Answer:
The potentiometer is based on the null method or it does not draw any (net) current from the cell and measures emf However, the voltmeter draws some current from the cell when connected across it, hence measures terminal voltage.

Question 2.
The figure shows the V – l graph for a parallel and series combination of two resistors A and B. Which line represents the parallel combination?
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 3
Answer:
For the same potential, the current is less in series combination than parallel combination. Therefore from the graph, it is apparent that the same potential current is less in A. Therefore B represents the parallel combination.
As, R = \(\frac{V}{l}\)

The slope of B > Slope of A

Question 3.
V – l graph for a given metallic wire at two temperatures is shown. Which of these is at a higher temperature?
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 4
Answer:
At higher temperature resistance of a metallic wire is more or its conductance is low. Hence, graph (2) is at a higher temperature, i.e. T2 > T1.

Question 4.
In an experiment on a metre bridge, if the balancing length AC is ‘x’, what would be its value, when the radius of the metre bridge wire AB is doubled? Justify your answer. (CBSE AI 2011C)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 5
Answer:
In a metre bridge, at the balance point we have
\(\frac{R_{1}}{R_{2}}=\frac{x}{100-x}\)

As R1 and R2 remain the same, x will also remain the same. It does not depend upon the diameter of the wire.

Question 5.
The emf of a cell is always greater than its terminal voltage. Why? Give reason. (CBSE Delhi 2013)
Answer:
When current passes through a cell, there is a drop in potential across it due to its internal resistance. This is called the lost volt. Thus terminal voltage is less than the emf of the cell.

Question 6.
Draw a graph showing the variation of resistivity with temperature for nichrome. Which property of nichrome is used to make standard resistance coils? (CBSEAI 2013C)
Answer:
The graph is as shown.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 6
The property has a low-temperature coefficient of resistance.

Question 7.
Define the term ‘mobility’ for a charge carrier and state its SI unit.
Name the mobile charge carriers in
(i) an electrolyte,
(ii) a semiconductor and
(iii) an ionised gas. (CBSE Al 2015)
Answer:
Mobility is defined as the ratio of the drift velocity of the charge to the applied electric field.
(i) Anions and cations.
(ii) Electrons and holes
(iii) Free electrons.

Question 8.
Define the term current density of a metallic conductor. Deduce the relation connecting current density (J) and the conductivity (a) of the conductor, when an electric field E is applied to it. (CBSE AI 2015)
Answer:
Current density is defined as the current flowing per unit area of the conductor.

Mathematically current density is given by the expression J = \(\frac{l}{A}\)

But l = V/R and R = \(\frac{ρl}{A}\) = \(\frac{L}{σA}\). Substituting in the above relation, we have

J = \(\frac{l}{A}\) = \(\frac{V}{AL}\) × σA= \(\frac{V}{L}\) × σ = Eσ

Question 9.
(a) Define the terms ‘drift velocity’ and ‘relaxation time’ giving their physical significance.
Answer:
Drift Velocity: It is the average velocity of the free electrons with which they get drifted towards the positive terminal under the influence of the external field.

Significance: The net current flowing through any cross-section is controlled by drift velocity and there is no transport of charges in a direction perpendicular to the applied field. Relaxation Time (T): The average time between successive collisions of electrons or ions in a conductor is called the relaxation time.

Significance: It determines the drift velocity acquired by the electrons under the given applied electric force and also determines the electrical conductivity of a conductor at different temperatures.

(b) A conductor of length L is connected across a dc source of emf E. If the conductor is replaced by another of the same material and area of cross-section but of length 5L, by what factor will the drift velocity change? (CBSE2019C)
Answer:
In the first case:
Vd= \(\frac{e V}{m L}\)τ

In the second case:
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 7
Thus we find that the drift velocity becomes \(\frac{1}{5}\) of its original value.

Question 10.
A cell of emf ‘E’ and internal resistance ‘r’ is connected across a variable resistor. ‘R’. Plot a graph showing the variation of terminal voltage ‘ V’ of the cell versus the current ‘l’. Using the plot, show how the emf of the cell and its internal resistance can be determined. (CBSE AI 2014)
Answer:
The graph is as shown.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 8
For l = 0,V= E
The internal resistance can be found by using the expression
V = E – lr

For V = 0
E = lr
r = E/l

Question 11.
Two electric bulbs P and Q have their resistances in the ratio of 1: 2. They are connected in series across a battery. Find the ratio of the power dissipation in these bulbs. (CBSE AI, Delhi 2018)
Answer:
Given \(\frac{R_{\mathrm{p}}}{R_{\mathrm{Q}}}\) = \(\frac{1}{2}\)

Power dissipated \(\frac{P_{\mathrm{p}}}{P_{\mathrm{Q}}}=\frac{I^{2} R_{\mathrm{p}}}{I^{2} R_{\mathrm{Q}}}=\frac{1}{2}\)

Question 12.
A 10 V cell of negligible Internal resistance Is connected In parallel across a battery of emf 200 V and Internal resIstance 38 š as shown in the figure. Find the value of current in the circuit. (CBSE AI, Delhi 2018)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 9
Answer:
Given ε1 = 10 V, r1 = 0, ε2 = 200 V, r2 = 38 Ω
The two cells send current in the opposite direction; therefore, net emf of the combination
E = 200 – 10 = 190V

Hence current in the circuit
l = \(\frac{E}{R}=\frac{190}{38}\) = 5 A

Question 13.
In a potentiometer arrangement for determining the emf of a cell, the balance point of the cell In an open circuit is 350 cm. When the resistance of 9 Ω Is used In the external circuit of the cell, the balance point shifts to 300 cm. Determine the internal resistance of the cell. (CBSE AI, Delhi 2018)
Answer:
Given L1 = 350 cm, L2 – 300 cm, R = 9 Ω, r = ? Using the expression
r = \(\left(\frac{L_{1}-L_{2}}{L_{2}}\right) R=\left(\frac{350-300}{300}\right)\) × 9 = 1.5 Ω

Question 14.
TWo bulbs are rated (P1 V) and (P2, V). If they are connected (i) in series and (ii) in parallel across a supply V, find the power dissipated in the two combinations in terms of P1 and P2. (CBSE Delhi 2019)
Answer:
Resistances of the two bulbs R1 = \(\frac{V^{2}}{P_{1}}\) and R2 = \(\frac{V^{2}}{P_{2}}\)

(i) Net resistance in series
Rs = R1 + R2 = \(\frac{V^{2}}{P_{1}}+\frac{V^{2}}{P_{2}}=V^{2}\left(\frac{P_{1}+P_{2}}{P_{1} P_{2}}\right)\)

(ii) Net resistance in parallel
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 10
Question 15.
What is the advantage of using thick metallic strips to join wires in a potentiometer? (NCERT Exemplar)
Answer:
The metal strips have low resistance and need not be counted in the potentiometer Length l of the null point. One measures only their lengths along with the straight segments (of lengths 1 metre each). This is easily done with the help of centimetre rulings or metre ruler and leads to accurate measurements.

Question 16.
AB is a potentiometer wire (figure). If the value of R is increased, in which direction will the balance point J shift? (NCERT Exemplar)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 11
Answer:
If R is increased, the current through the wire will decrease. This will decrease the potential gradient across the potentiometer wire (k = V/L = lpRp/L). Hence more length of the wire will be required to balance the same cell. Therefore J will shift towards B.

Question 17.
While doing an experiment with a potentiometer (figure) it was found that the deflection is one-sided and
(i) the deflection decreased while moving from one end A of the wire to the end B;
(ii) the deflection increased while the jockey was moved towards the end B.
(iii) Which terminal + or -ve of the cell E1 is connected at X in case (i) and how is E1 related to E?
(iv) Which terminal of the cell E1 is connected at X in case (ii)? (NCERT Exemplar)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 12
Answer:
(i) Positive terminal of E1 is connected at Xand E1 > E.
(ii) Negative terminal of E1 is connected at X.

Question 18.
The circuit in the figure shows two cells connected in opposition to each other. Cell E1 is of emf 6 V and internal resistance 2 Ω; the cell E2 is of emf 4 V and internal resistance 8 Ω. Find the potential difference between the points A and B. (NCERT Exemplar)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 13
Answer:
The cells are connected in the opposite direction, therefore net emf in the circuit is
E = E1 – E2 = 6 – 4 = 2 V

Hence current in the circuit is
l = \(\frac{E}{R+r}\) = \(\frac{2}{10}\) = 0.2 A

P.D. across E1 = 6 – 0.2 × 2 = 5.6 V
P.D. across E2 = VAB = 4 + 0.2 × 8 = 5.6 V
Point B is at a higher potential than A

Current Electricity Important Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Explain the term ‘drift velocity’ of electrons in a conductor. Hence obtain the expression for the current through a conductor in terms of ‘drift velocity’. (CBSE AI 2013, 2013C)
Answer:
Drift velocity (Vd) is defined as the average velocity with which the free electrons get drifted inside a conductor under the effect of the electric field, opposite to the direction of the field.

Let n be the electrons per unit volume in the conductor. Here n is called the number density of electrons. Assume that all electrons move with the same drift velocity Vd. In a time interval dt, each electron moves a distance vdt. Now the volume of the cylinder covered by the electrons in time dt is
V = A vddt …(1)

and the number of electrons in this volume is
N = nV = nA vddt …(2)

If e is the charge on the electron, then charge flowing through the conductor in small time dt is
dQ = e(nA vddt) …(3)

Hence the current through the conductor is
l = \(\frac{dQ}{dt}\) = nAevd

Question 2.
Draw a plot showing the variation of resistivity of an (i) conductor and (ii) semiconductor, with the increase in temperature.
How does one explain this behaviour in terms of the number density of charge carriers and the relaxation time? (CBSE Delhi 2014C)
Answer:
The plots are as shown.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 14
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 15
With a rise in temperature the average relaxation time for a conductor decreases and resistivity increases, while for a semiconductor the number density of charge carriers increases, hence the resistivity decreases.

Question 3.
State the two Kirchhoff’s rules used in electric networks. How are these rules justified? (CBSE Delhi 2015)
Answer:
The two rules are

Kirchhoff’s junction rule: The algebraic sum of currents meeting at a junction is zero.
Kirchhoff’s loop rule: The algebraic sum of changes in potential around any closed loop involving resistors and cells in the loop is zero.

The two rules are justified as they are based on the law of conservation of charge and law of conservation of energy respectively.

Question 4.
(a) Deduce the relation between current l flowing through a conductor and drift velocity \(\vec{v}_{\mathrm{d}}\) of the electrons.
(b) Figure shows a plot of current ‘l’ flowing through the cross-section of a wire versus the time ‘t’. Use the plot to find the charge flowing in 10 s through the wire. (CBSE AI 2015C, 2016C)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 16
Answer:
Suppose there are n electrons per unit volume, where n is called the number density of electrons. Assume that all electrons move with the same drift velocity Vd. In a time interval dt, each electron moves a distance vddt. Now the volume of the cylinder covered by the electrons in time dt is
V = A vddt ….(1)

and the number of electrons in this volume is
N = nV=nA vddt …(2)

If e is the charge on the electron, then charge flowing through the conductor in small time dt is
dQ= e(nA vddt) …(3)

Hence the current through the conductor is
l = \(\frac{dQ}{dt}\) = vdenA

The area under the l – t curve gives the value of the charge
Q = 1/2 × 5 × 5 + (10 – 5) × 5 = 12.5 + 25
= 37.5 C

Question 5.
Answer the following:
(a) Why are the connections between the resistors in a metre bridge made of thick copper strips?
Answer:
The metal strips have low resistance;
hence their resistance does not come into play while calculating the unknown resistance.

(b) Why is it generally preferred to obtain the balance point in the middle of the metre bridge wire?
Answer:
It is done to reduce the index correction.

(c) Which material is used for the metre bridge wire and why? (CBSE Al 2014)
Answer:
Alloys are used due to their high resistivity.

Question 6.
(a) State the underlying principle of a potentiometer. Why is it necessary to (i) use a long wire, (ii) have a uniform area of cross-section of the wire and (iii) use a driving cell whose emf is taken to be greater than the EMFs of the primary cells?
Answer:
Principle: It is based on the principle that if a wire of uniform area of cross-section carries a constant current, the potential drop across any portion of the wire is directly proportional to the length of that portion of the wire.

The diagram is as shown.
First, the key K is inserted. This brings the cell of emf E1 in the circuit. The jockey is moved on the wire to obtain a balance point, i.e. a point on the wire where the galvanometer gives zero deflection. Let the balancing length be L1. Therefore by the potentiometer principle, we have
E1 ∝ L1 …(1)

Now, the key K2 is inserted. This brings the cell of emf E2 into the circuit. The jockey is again moved on the wire to obtain the balance point. Let the balancing length be L2. Then by potentiometer principle, we have
E2 ∝ L2 …(2)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 37
Dividing equations (1) by (2) we have
\(\frac{E_{1}}{E_{2}}=\frac{L_{1}}{L_{2}}\) …. (3)

Knowing the values of L1 and L2, the EMFs can be compared.

  1. The least count of the potentiometer is given by k = V/l, where l is the length of the potentiometer wire. The larger the value of l, the smaller is the least count. Hence a long wire is used so that there is more accuracy.
  2. If the area of cross-section is not uniform, the value of the potential ‘ gradient will not be the same along
    the length of the wire.
  3. The balance point will be obtained on the wire.

(b) In a potentiometer experiment, if the area of the cross-section of the wire increases uniformly from one end to the other, draw a graph showing how potential gradient would vary as the length of the wire increases from one end. (CBSE AI 2014C)
Answer:
k = \(\frac{V}{l}\) = \(\frac{lR}{l}\)

⇒ k ∝ \(\frac{1}{l}\)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 17

Question 7.
Plot a graph showing the variation of current density (j) versus the electric field (E) for two conductors of different materials. What information from this plot regarding the properties of the conducting material, can be obtained which can be used to select suitable materials for use in making (i) standard resistance and (ii) connecting wires in electric circuits?
Electron drift speed is estimated to be of the order of mm s-1. Yet large current of the order of few amperes can be set up in the wire. Explain briefly. (CBSEAI 2015)
Answer:
We know that J = σE
Therefore the graph between J and E will be a straight line passing through the origin.

This is as shown.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 18
The slope of the graph = conductivity (σ)

Hence materiaL with Less slope (smaller conductivity) is used for making standard resistors and materiaL with greater slope (higher conductivity) for making connecting wires.

A large current can be set up in the wire because the electron number density is enormous, 1029 m-3.

Question 8.
The reading of the (ideal) ammeter, In the circuit shown here, equals:
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 19
(i) l when key K1 is closed but key K2 is open.
Answer:
(i) Current l when K2 is open
l = \(\frac{ε}{R+X}\)

(ii) l/2 when both keys K1 and K2 are closed.
Find the expression for the resistance of X In terms of the resistances of R and S. (CBSE Delhi 2016C)
Answer:
Let current be l when both K1 and K2 are closed
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 20

Current through X
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 21

Question 9.
Define the current sensitivity of a galvanometer. Write Its S.I. unit. The figure shows two circuits each having a galvanometer and a battery of 3 V. When the galvanometers in each arrangement do not show any deflection, obtain the ratio R1/R2. (CBSE AI 2013)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 22
Answer:
The current sensitivity of a galvanometer is defined as the deflection produced in the galvanometer per unit current passing through It. It is measured in div per ampere. In both cases the Wheatstone bridge is in the balanced state. Therefore we have
\(\frac{4}{R_{1}}=\frac{6}{9}\) Or R1 = 6 ohm

\(\frac{6}{12}=\frac{R_{2}}{8}\) Or R2 = 4 ohm

Therefore \(\frac{R_{1}}{R_{2}}=\frac{6}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Question 10.
The following circuit shows the use of a potentiometer to measure the internal resistance of a cell, (i) When the key K is open, how does the balance point change, if the current from the driver cell decreases? (ii) When the key K is closed, how does the balance point change if R is increased, keeping the current from the driver cell constant?
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 23
Answer:
(i) When the key K is open, a decrease in the current from the driver cell decreases the potential drop across the potentiometer wire. Therefore to balance the same emf again, more length of the wire will be required. Thus the balance point will shift towards point B.
(ii) When key K is closed and R is increased, it increases the terminal potential difference of the cell. Thus to balance the new terminal potential difference, more length of the wire will be required. Thus the balance point will shift towards point B.

Question 11.
(a) State, with the help of a circuit diagram, the working principle of a metre bridge. Obtain the expression used for determining the unknown resistance.
Answer:
(a) The experiment is based on the Wheatstone bridge principle.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 24
The connections are made as shown in the figure. A resistance R is introduced from the resistance box and the key K is closed. The jockey is moved on the wire to the point where there is no deflection in the galvanometer. In such case points, B and D are at the same potential. Point B is called the “null” point.

Let in this position AB = L cm and BC = (100 – L) cm. Therefore resistance of AB, i.e.
P ∝ L
and resistance of BC, i.e. Q ∝ (100 – L)

hence
\(\frac{P}{Q}=\frac{L}{100-L}\) …..(1)

In the balanced state by the Wheatstone bridge Principle we have
\(\frac{P}{Q}=\frac{R}{X}\) … (2)

Substituting equation (1) in equation (2) we have
\(\frac{R}{x}=\frac{L}{100-L}\) ….(3)

rewriting equation (3) we have
X = \(\left(\frac{100-L}{L}\right)\)R

(b) What happens if the galvanometer and cell are interchanged at the balance point of the bridge?
Answer:
There is no change in the position of the balance point if the galvanometer and the cell are interchanged.

(c) Why is it considered important to obtain the balance point near the mid-point of the wire? (CBSE Delhi 2011C)
Answer:
It is important to get the balance point near the mid-point of the wire because then the resistances in the four arms of the bridge are of the same order. The sensitivity of the bridge is maximum and the resistance is determined most accurately.

Question 12.
(a) Which material is used for potentiometer wire and why?
Answer:
The potentiometer wire is usually of constantan or manganin.
The material of the wire should have

  • high specific resistance and
  • low-temperature coefficient of resistance.

(b) How can the sensitivity of a potentiometer be increased? (CBSE Delhi 2011C)
Answer:
For greater sensitivity of the measurement, the fall of potential per cm should be less. The smaller the value of K, the greater will be the balancing length and the greater will be the accuracy of the measurement. For this, a wire of longer length should be taken or the current in the wire should be less.

Question 13.
Write two possible causes for one-sided deflection in a potentiometer experiment. (CBSE Delhi 2013)
Answer:

  1. The Emf of the auxiliary battery may be less than the emf of the test cell.
  2. The positive terminal of the test cell and the auxiliary cell may not be connected to the same point.

Question 14.
(a) Derive a relation between the internal resistance, emf and terminal potential difference of a cell from which current l is drawn. Draw V vs l graph for a cell and explain its significance.
Answer:
Consider the circuit shown.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 25
By Kirchhoff’s rules we have
E – lR – rl = 0
E – V – lr = 0
E = V + lr

The V-l graph is as shown.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 26
Significance of Graph: To find emf and internal resistance of the cell.

(b) A voltmeter of resistance 998 0 is connected across a cell of emf 2 V and internal resistance 2Q. Find the potential difference across the voltmeter and also across the terminals of the cell. Estimate the percentage error in the reading of the voltmeter.
Answer:
The diagram is as shown.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 27
V= E – lr
998 × l = 2 – 2l
1000 l = 2
l = 0.002 A

Therefore,
V= 0.002 × 998= 1.996 V

Percentage error
\(\frac{2-1.996}{2}\) × 100 = \(\frac{0.004}{2}\) = 0.2%

Question 15.
Two cells of the same emf E but internal resistance r1 and r2 are connected in series to an external resistor R (figure). What should be the value of R so that the potential difference across the terminals of the first cell becomes zero? (NCERT Exemplar)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 28
Answer:
Since the cells are connected in series,
total emf is
ET = E + E = 2E

Now current in the circuit Is
l = \(\frac{2 E}{R+r_{1}+r_{2}}\)

For terminal potential difference across the first cell to be zero we have
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 29

Question 16.
Two cells of EMFs ε1 and ε2 and Internal resistances r1 and r2 respectively are connected in parallel. Obtain expressions for the equivalent
(i) resistance and
(ii) emf of the combination (CBSE Delhi 2018C, 2019C)
Answer:
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 30
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 31
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 32

Question 17.
Using Kirchhoff’s rules, calculate the potential difference between B and D In the circuit diagram as shown in the figure. (CBSE Delhi 2018C)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 33
Answer:
Using Kirchhoff’s voLtage ruLe, we have:
For Loop DABD
l1 × 1 + (1) + (-2) + 2l1 + 2(l1 + l2) = 0
Or 5l1 + 2l2 = 1 …. (i)

For Loop DCBD
l2 × 3 + (3) + (-1) + l2 + 2(l1 + l2) = 0
Or 2l1 + 6 l2 = -2 …. (ii)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 34
Solving (i) and (ii), we get
l1 = \(\frac{5}{13}\)A

l2 = \(\frac{-6}{13}\)A

∴ Current through DB = l1 + l2 = \(\frac{-1}{13}\)A
∴ P.D. between B and D = 0.154 V

Question 18.
Define the term resistivity of a conductor. Give its SI unit. Show that the resistance R of a conductor Is given by \(\frac{m L}{n e^{2} A \tau}\)where the symbols have their usual meaning.
Answer:
The resistivity of a conductor is the resistance of the conductor of unit length and unit cross-sectional area.

Let Vd be the drift velocity of the electrons, then its relation with the electric field is
Vd = \(-\frac{e E}{m}\)τ …..(1)

Let V be the potential difference applied across the two ends of a conductor of length L and area of cross-section A, then
E = \(\frac{-V}{L}\) …..(2)

Substituting equation (1) in (2) we have
Vd = \(\frac{\mathrm{eV}}{\mathrm{mL}}\)τ ….(3)

Also l = neAVd ….(4)
Substituting equation (3) in equation (4),
we have

l = neA\(\left[\frac{e V}{m L} \tau\right]=\left[\frac{n e^{2} A \tau}{m L}\right]\)V ….(5)

Comparing with Ohm’s “Law”, i.e
l = \(\frac{V}{R}\) …. (6)

we have
R = \(\left[\frac{m L}{n e^{2} A \tau}\right]\) ….(7)

Question 19.
The given figure shows a network of resistances R1, R2, R3 and R4.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 35
Using Kirchhoff’s laws, establish the balance condition for the network. (CBSEAI 2015)
Answer:
Consider the diagram as shown below.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 36
Now applying Kirchhoff’s Loop rule to the closed Loop ABDA, we have
– l1R1 – lgG + (l – l1) R3 = 0 ….(1)

Again applying Kirchhoff’s Loop rule to closed-loop BCDB, we have
– (l1 – lg)R2 + (l – l1 + lg)R4 + lgG = 0 …(2)

The values of R1, R2, R3 and R4 are so adjusted that the galvanometer gives zero deflection. This means that both B and D will be at the same potential and hence no current will flow through the galvanometer,

i.e. lg = 0. In this situation, the Wheatstone bridge is said to be balanced. Putting lg = 0 in equations (1) and (2) we have
– l1R1 + (l – l1) R3 = 0
and
-l1R2 + (l – l1)R4 = 0 …(4)

Rewriting the above two equations we have
– l1R1 = (l – l1) R3 ….(5)
and
– l1R2 + (l – l1)R4 ….(6)

Dividing the above equations we have
\(\frac{R_{1}}{R_{2}}=\frac{R_{3}}{R_{4}}\) … (7)

The above expression gives the condition for the balance of a Wheatstone bridge.

Question 20.
Draw a circuit diagram of a potentiometer. State its working principle. Derive the necessary formula to describe how it is used to compare the EMFs of the two cells. (CBSE AI 2015C)
Answer:
PRINCIPLE: It is based on the principle that if a wire of uniform area of cross-section carries a constant current, the potential drop across any portion of the wire is directly proportional to the length of that portion of the wire.

The diagram is as shown.
First, the key K is inserted. This brings the cell of emf E1 into the circuit. The jockey is moved on the wire to obtain a balance point, i.e. a point on the wire where the galvanometer gives zero deflection. Let the balancing length be L1. Therefore by the potentiometer principle, we have
E1 ∝ L1 …(1)

Now, the key K2 is inserted. This brings the cell of emf E2 into the circuit. The jockey is again moved on the wire to obtain the balance point. Let the balancing length be L2. Then by potentiometer principle, we have
E2 ∝ L2 …(2)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 37
Dividing equations (1) by (2) we have
\(\frac{E_{1}}{E_{2}}=\frac{L_{1}}{L_{2}}\) …. (3)

Knowing the values of L1 and L2, the EMFs can be compared.

Question 21.
(i) Define the term ‘conductivity’ of a metallic wire. Write its SI unit.
Answer:
The property of a material that allows a flow of electrons between two points of the material when a potential difference is applied between these two points is called the conductivity of a wire. SI unit of conductivity: siemens per metre.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 38
(ii) Using the concept of free electrons in a conductor, derive the expression for the conductivity of a wire in terms of number density and relaxation time. Hence obtain the relation between current density and the applied electric field E. (CBSE At 2018, Delhi 2018)
Answer:
Drift velocity of electrons in a conductor is given as
Vd = eEτ/m …(1)

Small distance covered in time
Δt = VdΔt

Amount of charge passing through the area A in time Δt, q = lΔt
Δt = neAVdΔt
or l = neAVd …(2)
where
n → Number of free electrons per unit volume or number density

Now from equations (1) and (2), we get
l = ne2AτE/m …(3)

Since resistivity of a conductor is given as
ρ = m/ne2τ

Now, we know that the conductivity of a conductor is mathematically defined as the reciprocal of resistivity of the conductor. Thus,
σ = \(\frac{1}{ρ}\) …(4)

where σ = conductivity of the conductor. Thus, from equations (3) and (4), we get
σ = ne2τ/m ….(5)

Now, from equations (3) and (5), we have
lA = σE …(6)
and current density is given as
J = lA
Thus, J = σE

Question 22.
(a) You are required to select a carbon resistor of resistance of 56 kΩ ± 10% from a shopkeeper. What would be the sequence of colour bands required to code the desired resistor?
Answer:
Number 5 corresponds to green, No. 6 corresponds to blue, 103 corresponds to orange and 10% corresponds to silver.
∴ The sequence of Colours is
Green, blue, orange, silver

(b) Write two characteristic properties of the material of a metre bridge wire.
Answer:
Metre bridge wire must have

  • High resistivity
  • Low-temperature coefficient of resistivity

(c) What precautions do you take to minimise the error in finding the unknown resistance of the given wire? (CBSE2019C)
Answer:
To minimise the error in determining the resistance of a wire, the

  • The wire should be of uniform thickness
  • The balance point should be near the midpoint of the wire

Question 23.
The diagram below shows a potentiometer set-up. On touching the jockey near the end X of the potentiometer wire, the galvanometer pointer deflects to left. On touching the jockey near to end Y of the potentiometer, the galvanometer pointer again deflects to left but now by a larger amount. Identify the fault in the circuit and explain, using appropriate equations or otherwise, how it leads to such a one¬sided deflection. (CBSE Sample Paper 2018-19)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 39
Or
The following circuit was set up in a metre bridge experiment to determine the value X of unknown resistance.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 40
(i) Write the formula to be used for finding X from the observations. 39.5 cm from end A, when the resistor Y is 12.5 Ω. Determine the resistance of X. Why are the connections between resistors in a Wheatstone or metre bridge made of thick copper strips?
(ii) If the resistance R is increased, what will happen to balance length?
Answer:
The positive of E1 is not connected to terminal X.
In Loop XGNX,
E1 – VG + E = 0
VG = E1 + EXN
VG = E1 + kl

So, VG (or deflection) Will be maximum when l is maximum, i.e. when Jockey Is touched near the end Y. Also, VG (or deflection) Will, be minimum when l is minimum, i.e. when a jockey is touched near end X.
Or
(i) X = (100 – l) R/l
(ii) The balancing Length wilt increase.

Question 24.
(i) In a metre bridge as shown, the balance point is found to be at 39.5 cm from the end A, when the resistor Y is 12.5. Determine the resistance of X. Why are the connections between resistors In a Wheatstone or metre bridge made of thick copper strips?
(ii) Determine the balance point of the bridge above if X and Y are interchanged.
(iii) What happens if the galvanometer and cell are interchanged at the balance point of the bridge? Would the galvanometer show any current? (NCERT)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 41
Answer:
(i) Given L1 = 39.5 cm and L2 =100 – 39.5 = 60.5 cm, Y=12.5Q, X=?
Using the Wheatstone bridge principle we have
\(\frac{39.5}{60.5}=\frac{X}{12.5}\) or X = 8.2 Ω

The connections between resistors in a Wheatstone or metre bridge are made of thick copper strips to minimise the resistance of the connection which are not accounted for in the bridge formula.

(ii) If X and Y are interchanged, then
\(\frac{L}{(100-L)}=\frac{12.5}{8.2}\); solving for L we have
L = 60.4 cm from point A.

(iii) When the galvanometer and cell are interchanged, the condition for the balance of the bridge remains satisfied. Hence galvanometer will not show any current.

Question 25.
The figure below shows a potentiometer with a cell of 2.0 V and internal resistance of 0. 40 Ω maintaining a potential drop across the resistor wire AB. A standard cell that maintains a constant emf of 1.02 V (for very moderate currents up to a few mA) gives a balance point at 67.3 cm length of the wire. To ensure very low currents drawn from the standard cell, very high resistance of 600 kΩ is put in series with it, which is shorted close to the balance point. The standard cell is then replaced by a cell of unknown emf e and the balance point found similarly, turns out to be at 82.3 cm length of the wire.
1. What is the value of e?
2. What purpose does the high resistance of 600 kΩ have?
3. Is the balance point affected by this high resistance?
4. Is the balance point affected by internal resistance?
5. Would the method work in the above situation if the driver cell of the potentiometer had an emf of 1.0 V instead of 2.0 V?
6. Would the circuit work well for determining an extremely small emf, say of the order of a few mV (such as the typical emf of a thermo-couple)? If not, how will you modify the circuit?
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 42
Answer:
1. Given ε1 = 1.02 V, L1 = 67.3 cm, L2 = 82.3 cm, ε2 = ?
By potentiometer principle we have
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 43
2. This resistance reduces the current through the galvanometer when the movable contact (a jockey) is far away from the balance point. This, in turn, protects the galvanometer from the damage likely to be caused by the high current.
3. There is no effect of this resistance on the balance point.
4. There is no effect.
5. In case, the driving emf is smaller than the emf to be measured, the balance point cannot be found on the potentiometer wire.
6. In such a case, the balance point will be very close to the end giving a very large error in the measurement of e. If resistance is placed in series with the wire AB such that the potential drop across AB is only slightly larger than the emf to be measured, the balance point will be found on a larger length. This will make the error very small.

Numerical Problems:

Formulae for solving numerical problems.

  • The mobility of electrons is given by μ = \(\frac{V_{d}}{E}=\frac{e \tau}{m}\)
  • By Ohm’s law, l = \(\frac{V}{R}\) and J = σE
  • The current density is J = \(\frac{l}{A}\) = nevd
  • Theresistanceofawireis R = ρ\(\frac{L}{A}\) = \(\left[\frac{m L}{n e^{2} A \tau}\right]\)
  • The resistivity of a wire is ρ = \(\frac{m}{n e^{2} \tau}\)
  • The resistance of a wire at t°C is R = R0 (1 + αt)
  • In parallel combination \(\frac{1}{R_{p}}=\frac{1}{R_{1}}+\frac{1}{R_{2}}+\frac{1}{R_{3}}\)
  • In series combination Rs = R1 + R2 + R3 + ……..
  • Ratio of resistances in series and parallel \(\frac{R_{\mathrm{s}}}{R_{\mathrm{p}}}\) = n2
  • The Wheatstone bridge principle is \(\frac{P}{Q}=\frac{R}{S}\)
  • V = E – lr, where V is the terminal potential difference, E is emf and r is the internal resistance of the cell.
  • The internal resistance of a cell is r = \(\frac{(E-V) R}{V}=\frac{\left(L_{1}-L_{2}\right) R}{L_{2}}\)

Question 1.
A cell of emf ‘E’ and internal resistance ‘r’ is connected across a variable load resistor R. Draw the plots of the terminal voltage V versus (i) R and (ii) the current l.
It is found that when R = 4 Ω the current is 1 A and when R is increased to 9 Ω, the current reduces to 0.5 A. Find the values of the emf E and internal resistance r. (CBSE Delhi 2015)
Answer:
The plots are as shown
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 44
Here l1 = 1.0 A, R1 =4 ohm, l2 = 0.5 A, R2 =9 ohm
Using the equation l = \(\frac{E}{(R+r)}\) Or E = l(R + r)

we have
1.0 × (4 + r) = 0.5 × (9 + r)

Solving the above equation for r we have r = 1 ohm
Also E = 0.5 (9 + 1) = 5 V

Question 2.
A wire of resistance R, length l and area of cross-section A is cut into two parts, having their lengths in the ratio 1:2. The shorter wire is now stretched till its length becomes equal to that of the longer wire. If they are now connected in parallel, find the net resistance of the combination. (CBSE Al 2019)
Answer:
Since the wires are cut in the ratio of 1:2 therefore,
Resistance of the shorter wire R1 = \(\frac{R}{3}\) and

Resistance of the longer wire R2 = \(\frac{2R}{3}\)

Since the shorter wire is stretched to make it equal to the longer wire therefore, it is stretched by n = 2 times its length. Hence New resistance of the shorter wire
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 45
Question 3.
In the figure, a long uniform potentiometer wire AB is having a constant potential gradient along its length. The null points for the two primary cells of EMFs ε1 and ε2 connected in the manner shown are obtained at a distance of 120 cm and 300 cm from the end A. Find (i) ε12 and (ii) position of null point for the cell ε1. How is the sensitivity of a potentiometer increased? (CBSE Delhi 2012)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 46
Answer:
From the diagram we have
\(\frac{\varepsilon_{1}-\varepsilon_{2}}{\varepsilon_{1}+\varepsilon_{2}}=\frac{120}{300}=\frac{2}{5}\)
Or
1 – 5ε2 = 2ε1 + 2ε2

Solving we have
\(\frac{\varepsilon_{1}}{\varepsilon_{2}}=\frac{7}{3}\) ….(1)

Also let L be the balancing length for cell of emf ε1, then
\(\frac{\varepsilon_{1}}{\varepsilon_{1}+\varepsilon_{2}}=\frac{L}{300}\)

Using equation (1) we have
\(\frac{\varepsilon_{1}}{\varepsilon_{1}+\frac{3}{7} \varepsilon_{1}}=\frac{L}{300}\)

Solving for L we have L = 210 cm
The sensitivity of a potentiometer can be increased by increasing the length of the potentiometer wire.

Question 4.
The network PQRS, shown in the circuit diagram, has batteries of 4 V and 5 V and negligible internal resistance. A milli- ammeter of 20 Ω resistance is connected between P and R. Calculate the reading in the milliammeter. (CBSE AI 2012C)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 47
Answer:
Using Kirchhoff’s junction rule to distribute current we have
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 48
Consider the loop SRPS, by Kirchhoff’s loop rule we have
200 l2 + 20 (l1 + l2 ) – 5 = 0 …(1)
Or
220 l2 + 20 l1 = 5 …(2)

Consider the loop PRQP, by Kirchhoff’s loop rule we have
– 60 l1 + 4 – 20 (l1 + l2) = 0 …(3)
80 l1 + 20 l2 =4 …(4)

Multiplying equation (2) by (4) we have
880 l2 + 80 l1 = 20 …(5)

Subtracting equation (4) from equation (5)
we have
860 l2 = 16 or l2 = 4/215 A

Substituting in equation (4) we have
l1 = \(\frac{39}{860}\)A

Therefore reading of the milliammeter is
l1+ l2 = \(\frac{4}{215}+\frac{39}{860}\) = 0.063 A = 63 mA

Question 5.
A set of ‘n’ identical resistors, each of resistance ‘R’ when connected in series have an effective resistance ‘X’. When they are connected in parallel, their effective resistance becomes ‘Y’. Find out the product of X and Y. (CBSEAI2019) Answer:
In series
Rs = R1 + R2 + R3 + ……
Rs = X = R + R + R + …. upto n
X=nR

In Parallel
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 49

Question 6.
In the following circuit, a metre bridge is shown in its balanced state. The metre bridge wire has a resistance of 1 ohm per centimetre. Calculate the value of the unknown resistance X and the current drawn from the battery of negligible internal resistance.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 50
Answer:
Using the Wheatstone bridge principle we have
\(\frac{40}{60}=\frac{X}{3}\)
or X = 2 Ω

Now total resistance of the combination is
R = \(\frac{5 \times 100}{5+100}=\frac{500}{105}\) = 4.76 Ω

Current drawn is
l = V/R = 6/4.76 = 1.26 A

Question 7.
Calculate the electrical conductivity of the material of a conductor of length 3 m, area of cross-section 0.02 mm2 having a resistance of 2 ohms.
Answer:
Given L = 3 m,
A = 0.02 mm2 = 0.02 × 10-6 m2
R = 2 ohm.

Using the equation
R = \(\frac{ρL}{A}\)
Or
ρ = \(\frac{RA}{L}\)

σ = \(\frac{L}{AR}\) = \(\frac{3}{0.02 \times 10^{-6} \times 2}\) = 7.5 × 107 Sm-1

Question 8.
A potential difference of 2 volts is applied between points A and B has shown in the network drawn in the figure. Calculate (i) equivalent resistance of the network across the points A and B and (ii) the magnitudes of currents in the arms AFCEB and AFDEB.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 51
Answer:
The circuit can be redrawn as shown below.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 52
As seen the circuit is a balanced Wheatstone bridge; therefore the resistance in the arm CD is superfluous.
(i) Resistance of arm FCE = 2 + 2 = 4 Ω
Resistance of arm FDE = 2 + 2 = 4 Ω
Hence net resistance of the circuit between A and B is
R = \(\frac{4 \times 4}{4+4}=\frac{16}{8}\) = 2 Ω

(ii) current in the arm AFCEB
l = V/R = 2/4 = 0.5 A

Current in the arm AFDEB
l = V/R = 2/4 = 0.5 A

Question 9.
A cell of emf E and internal resistance ‘r’ gives a current of 0.8 A with an external resistor of 24 ohms and a current of 0.5 A with an external resistor of 40 ohms.
Calculate
(i) emf E and
(ii) internal resistance ‘r’ of the cell.
Answer:
Given l1 = 0.8 A, R1 = 24 ohm l2 = 0.5 A, R2 = 40 ohm
Using the equation
E = l(R + r) we have
0.8 × (24 + r) = 0.5 × (40 + r)

Solving for r we have r = 2.67 ohm
Also E = 0.5( 40 + 2.67) = 21.3 V

Question 10.
In the circuit diagram of the metre bridge given below, the balance point is found to be at 40 cm from A. The resistance of X is unknown and Y is 10 ohms.
(i) Calculate the value of X;
(ii) if the positions of X and Y are interchanged in the bridge, find the position of the new balance point from A; and
(iii) if the galvanometer and the cell are interchanged at the balance point, would the galvanometer show any current.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 53
Answer:
(i) Using the Wheatstone bridge principle we have
\(\frac{40}{60}=\frac{X}{10}\)
Or
X = 6.67 Ω

(ii) If X and Y are interchanged then
\(\frac{L}{(100-L)}=\frac{10}{6.67}\) solving for L we have
L = 59.9cm

(iii) The ga(vanometer will not show any current.

Question 11.
The length of a potentiometer wire is 600 cm and it carries a current of 40 mA. For a cell of emf 2.0 V and internal resistance 10 ohms, the null point is found to be at 500 cm. If a voltmeter is connected across the cell, the balancing length is decreased by 10 cm. Find (i) the resistance of the whole wire, (ii) reading of the voltmeter and (iii) resistance of the voltmeter.
Answer:
Here total length of potentiometer wire L = 600 cm, current flowing
l = 40 mA = 0.04 A,
Emf of cell E = 2 V,

Internal resistance of cell r = 10 Ω, balancing length for cell l = 500 cm
(i) Since ε = kl
k = \(\frac{\varepsilon}{l}=\frac{2}{500}\) , V = kl

∴ V = \(\frac{2}{500}\) × 600 = 2.4 V

Therefore resistance of the potentiometer wire =\(\frac{V}{l}=\frac{2.4}{0.04}\) = 60 Ω.

(ii) With voltmeter connected across the cell, balancing Length
L’ = l – 10 = 500 – 10 = 490cm

Therefore, potential difference, i.e. reading of voltmeter,
= \(\frac{L^{\prime}}{L} \times V=\frac{490}{600}\) × 2.4 = 1.96 V

(iii) Let resistance of the voltmeter be R,
R = \(\frac{V}{l}=\frac{1.96}{0.04}\) = 49 Ω
R = 49 ohm

Question 12.
Find the value of the unknown resistance X in the following circuit, if no current flows through the section AO. Also, calculate the current drawn by the circuit from the battery of emf 6 V and negligible internal resistance.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 54
Answer:
If no current flows through the section AO, the given circuit is an example of a balanced Wheatstone bridge. The circuit can be redrawn as
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 55
Then \(\frac{2}{4}=\frac{3}{X}\)
Or
X = \(\frac{3 \times 4}{2}\) = 6 Ω

Now 2 Ω and 4 Ω are in series and 3 Ω and 6 Ω are also in series; so the circuit becomes
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 56
Hence total resistance of the circuit
R = 2.4 + \(\left(\frac{9 \times 6}{15}\right)\) = 6 Ω

Hence current drawn from the battery
l = V/R = 6/6 = 1 A

Question 13.
In the given circuit, calculate the value of current in a 4.5-ohm resistor and indicate its direction. Also, calculate the potential difference across each cell.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 57
Answer:
The effective resistance of 3 ohms and 6-ohm resistors in parallel is
R = \(\frac{3 \times 6}{3+6}\) =2Q

Hence the resistance of the entire circuit
R = 2 + 4.5 + 0.5 + 1 = 8 ohm

Effective emf of the circuit E = 8 – 4 = 4 V.

Therefore current through the circuit and hence through the 4.5-ohm resistor is
l = E/R = 4/8 = 0.5 A.

The direction of the current is from cell E2 towards cell E1.

The potential difference across 8 V battery
V = E – lr = 8 – 0.5 × 1 = 7.5 V

The potential difference across 4 V battery
V = E + lr = 4 + o.5 × 0.5 = 4.25 V

Question 14.
Potentiometer wire PQ of 1-metre length is connected to a standard cell E1. Another cell, E2 of emf 1.02 V, is connected as shown In the circuit diagram with a resistance ‘r’ and a switch, S. with the switch open, the null position is obtained at a distance of 51 cm from P.
Calculate (i) the potential gradient of the potentiometer wire and
(ii) the emf of the cell E1.
(iii) When switch S is closed, will the null point move towards P or towards Q? Give a reason for your answer.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 58
Answer:
Here E2 = 1.02V and with switch open L = 51 cm

(i) Potential gradient k = E/L
= 1.02 /51 = 0.02 V cm-1

(ii) As total length of potentiometer wire L = 1 m = 100 cm
Therefore E1 = kL = 0.02 × 100 = 2 V

(iii) When switch S is closed, the null point will remain unaffected because cell E2 is even now in an open circuit and no current is being drawn from it.

Question 15.
Three identical resistors when connected in series to a dc source dissipate a power of X watt. If these resistors are connected in parallel to the same dc source, what will be the power dissipation in this case?
Answer:
Given Ps = X, Rs = 3R, Rp = R/3

Power in series Ps = \(\frac{V^{2}}{R_{s}}\) or X = \(\frac{V^{2}}{3 R}\) or 3X = \(\frac{V^{2}}{R}\)

When resistors are connected In parallel, we have
Pp = \(\frac{V^{2}}{R_{p}}=\frac{V^{2}}{R / 3}=\frac{3 V^{2}}{R}\) = 3 × 3X = 9X

Question 16.
A heater coil is rated 100W, 200V. It is cut into two Identical parts. Both parts are connected In parallel, to the same source of 200 V. Calculate the energy liberated per second in the new combination.
Answer:
The resistance of the coil
R = \(\frac{V^{2}}{P}=\frac{(200)^{2}}{100}\) = 400 Ω

When the coil is cut into two equal halves, the resistance of each half becomes 200 ohms.

When these two parts are connected in parallel, the resultant resistance is
Rp = \(\frac{200 \times 200}{200+200}\) = 100 Ω

Now energy Liberated
H = \(\frac{V^{2}}{R_{\mathrm{p}}}=\frac{(200)^{2}}{100}\) = 400 Ω

Question 17.
AB is a 1 m long uniform wire of 10 Ω resistance. The other data are as shown in the circuit diagram given in the figure below. Calculate (i) potential gradient along with AB and (ii) length AO of the wire, when the galvanometer shows no deflection.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 59
Answer:
Emf of battery E1 = 2 V.
Resistance of potentiometer R = 10 Ω,
Resistance joined in series R1 = 15 Ω and
Length of potentiometer wire L = 1 m = 100 cm
(i) Potential gradient
k = \(\frac{E_{1} R}{\left(R+R_{1}\right) L}=\frac{2 \times 10}{(10+15) \times 100}\) = 0.008 Vcm-1

(ii) Current through 0.3 Ω resistance due
to cell E1, l = \(\frac{1.5}{1.2+0.3}\) = 1 A

Potential difference across 0.3 Ω resistance = l × 0.3 = l × 0.3 = 0.3 V

∴ Length AO = \(\frac{\text { Potential difference }}{\text { Potential gradient }}\) = 37.5 cm

Question 18.
In a potentiometer, a standard cell of emf 5V and of negligible resistance maintains a steady current through the potentiometer wire of length 5 m. Two primary cells of EMFs E1 and E2 are joined in series with (a) the same polarity and (b) opposite polarity. The combination Is connected through a galvanometer and a jockey to the potentiometer. The balancing lengths In the two cases are found to be 350 cm and 50 cm, respectively.
(i) Draw the necessary circuit diagram.
(ii) Find the value of the EMFs of the two cells.
Answer:
(i) The circuit diagram is as shown below.
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 60
(ii) With cells E1 and E2 joined in series with the same polarity, the resultant emf
E = E1 + E2 and

Balancing Length L = 350 cm.
With celLs joined in series with opposite polarity, the resuLtant emf
E’ = E1 – E2 and

Balancing Length L = 50 cm.

Moreover, the potentiaL gradient

k = \(\frac{V}{L}=\frac{5 \mathrm{~V}}{5 \mathrm{~m}}=\frac{5 \mathrm{~V}}{500 \mathrm{~cm}}\) = 0.01 Vcm-1

Therefore
E1 + E2 = kL = 0.01 × 350 = 3.5 V and
E1 – E2 = kL = 0.01 × 50 = 0.5 V

Solving for the two EMFs we get E1 = 2V and E2 = 1.5 V

Question 19.
Using Kirchhoff’s rules, calculate the current through the 40 Q and 200 resistors in the following circuit:
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 61
Or
What is the end error in a metre bridge? How is it overcome? The resistances in the two arms of the metre bridge are R = 5 Ω and S respectively. When the resistance S is shunted with equal resistance, the new balance length found to be 1.5 L1, where L1 is the initial balancing length. Calculate the value of S. (CBSE Delhi 2019)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 62
Answer:
The distribution of current is as shown
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 63
In loop ABCDA
+ 80 – 20 l2 + 40 l1 = 0
4 = l2 – 2 l1

In loop DCFED
– 40 l1 – 10(l1 + l2) + 40 = 0
-50 l1 – 10 l2 + 40 = 0
5 l1 + l2 = 4

Solving these two equations
l1 = 0 A and
l2 = 4 A
Or
The end error, in a meter bridge, is the error arising due to
(i) Ends of the wire not coinciding with the 0 cm/100 cm mark on the meter scale.
(ii) Presence of contact resistance at the joints of the meter bridge wire with the metallic strips.

It can be reduced/overcome by finding balance length with two interchanged positions of R and S and taking the average value of ‘S’ from these two readings.

For a metre bridge, we have
\(\frac{R}{S}=\frac{L}{100-L}\)

For the two given conditions, we have
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 64
Putting this value in equation (1) we have S = 10 Ω.

Question 20.
A 10 m long wire of uniform cross-section and 20-ohm resistance is used in a potentiometer. The wire is connected in series with a battery of 5 V along with an external resistance of 480 ohms. If an unknown emf E is balanced at 6.0 m length of the wire, calculate:
(i) the potential gradient of the potentiometer wire
(ii) the value of unknown emf E.
Answer:
Total resistance of the circuit
R = 20 + 480 = 500 ohm

Therefore current through the potentiometer
l = \(\frac{V}{R}=\frac{5}{500}\) = 0.01 A

Now potential drop across the potentiometer wire of 20 ohm = 20 × 0.01 = 0.2 V

(i) Potential gradient
\(\frac{V}{L}=\frac{0.2}{10}\) = 0.02 Vm-1

(ii) Unknown emf = balancing length × potential gradient = 6 × 0.02 = 0.12 V

Question 21.
In a potentiometer arrangement, a cell of emf 1.20 volt gives a balance point at 30 cm length of the wire. This cell is now replaced by another cell of unknown emf. If the ratio of the EMFs of the two cells is 1.5, calculate the difference in the balancing length of the potentiometer wire in the two cases.
Answer:
Given E1 = 1.20 V, L1 = 30 cm, E2 = ?,
E1/E2 = 1.5, L1 – L2 = ?

Now \(\frac{E_{1}}{E_{2}}=\frac{L_{1}}{L_{2}}\) or 1.5 = \(\frac{30}{L_{2}}\) or L2 = 20 cm

Therefore L1 – L2 = 30 – 20 = 10 cm

Question 22.
A uniform wire of resistance 12 Ω is cut into three pieces so that the ratio of the resistances R1: R2: R3 = 1: 2: 3 and the three pieces are connected to form a triangle across which a cell of emf 8 V and internal resistance 1 Ω is connected as shown. Calculate the current through each part of the circuit. (CBSE A! 2013C)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 65
Answer:
Value of the three resistances are
R1 = \(\frac{1}{6}\) × 12 = 2 Ω,
R2 = \(\frac{2}{6}\) × 12 = 4 Ω
and R3 = \(\frac{3}{6}\) × 12 = 6 Ω

Now R1 and R2 are connected in series, therefore we have
R = R1 + R2 = 2 + 4 = 6 Ω

Now R and R3 are connected in parallel, therefore net resistance
Rp = \(\frac{R R_{3}}{R+R_{3}}=\frac{6 \times 6}{6+6}\) = 3 Ω

Now Rp and the internal resistance of the cell are connected in series, therefore net resistance of the circuit is
RN = Rp + 1 = 3 + 1 = 4 Ω

Hence current in the circuit is
l = V/RN = 8/4 = 2 A

This is equally divided amongst R1, R2 and R3. Therefore current through all the three resistors is 1 A.

Question 23.
A battery of emf E and internal resistance r when connected across an external resistance of 12 ohms produces a current of 0.5 A. When connected across a resistance of 25 ohms it produces a current of 0.25 A. Determine the (i) emf and (ii) internal resistance of the cell. (CBSEAI2013C)
Answer:
Here l1 = 0.5 A, R1 =12 ohm, l2 = 0.25 A, R22 = 25 ohm

Using the equation l = \(\frac{E}{(R+r)}\) or E = l(R + r)

we have
0. 5 × (12 + 1) = 0.25 × (25 + r)

Solving the above equation for r we have
r = 1 ohm

Also E = 0.5 (12 + 1) = 6.5 V

Question 24.
The resistance of the platinum wire of a platinum resistance thermometer at the ice point is 5 Ω and at steam, the point is 5.23 Ω. When the thermometer is inserted into a hot bath, the resistance of the platinum wire is 5.795 Ω. Calculate the temperature of the bath. (NCERT)
Answer:
Ro = 5 Ω, R100 = 5.23 Ω, Rt = 5.795 Ω
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 66

Question 25.
A battery of 10 V and negligible internal resistance is connected across the diagonally opposite corners of a cubical network consisting of 12 resistors each of resistance 1 Ω. Determine the equivalent resistance of the network and the current along each edge of the cube. (NCERT)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 67
Answer:
The distribution of current is as shown.

Next take a closed-loop, say, ABCC’EA and apply Kirchhoff’s second rule:
lR – (1/2)lR – lR + E = 0
where R is the resistance of each edge and E is the emf of the battery.
Thus E = 5lR/2

Now if R<sub>eq</sub> is the equivalent resistance, then
R = E/31 = 5lR/6l = 5/6 R

Now current in the circuit is 3l × 5/6 R = 10 or l = 4 A.

Hence the other currents can also be found.

Question 26.
Determine the current in each branch of the network shown. (NCERT)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 68
Answer:
Each branch of the network is assigned an unknown current to be determined by the application of Kirchhoff’s rules. To reduce the number of unknowns at the outset, the first rule of Kirchhoff is used at every junction to assign the unknown current in each branch. We then have three unknowns l1, l2 and l3 which can be found by applying the second rule of Kirchhoff to three different closed loops.

Kirchhoff’s second rule for the closed loop ADCA gives,
10 – 4(l1 – l2) + 2(l2 + l3 – l1) – l1 = 0 …(1)
that is, 7 l1 – 6l2 – 2l3 = 10

For the closed loop ABCA, we get
10 – 4l2 – 2 (l2 + l3) – l1 = 0 …(2)

That is, l1 + 6l2 + 2l3 = 10

For the closed loop BCDEB, we get
5 – 2(l2 + l3) – 2(l2 + l3– l1) = 0 ….(3)

That is 2 l1 – 4l2 – 4l3 = – 5

Equations (1), (2) and (3) are three simultaneous equations in three unknowns. These can be solved by the usual method to give
l1 = 2.5 A, l2 = 5/8 A, l3 = 15/8 A

The currents in the various branches of the network are
AB = 5/8 A, CA = 5/2 A, DEB = 15/8 A, AD = 15/8 A, CD = 0 A, BC = 5/2 A

Question 27.
In a metre bridge, the null point is found at a distance of 33.7 cm from A. If now resistance of 12 Ω is connected in parallel with 5, the null point occurs at 51.9 cm. Determine the values of R and S. (NCERT)
Answer:
From the first balance point we get
\(\frac{R}{S}=\frac{33.7}{66.3}\)

After S is connected in parallel with a resistance of 12 Ω, the resistance across the gap changes from S to Seq where and hence the new balance condition now gives
\(\frac{R}{S_{e q}}=\frac{51.9}{48.1}=\frac{R(S+12)}{12 S}\)

Substituting for R/S we have
\(\frac{51.9}{48.1}=\frac{(5+12)}{12} \times \frac{33.7}{66.3}\)
which gives S = 13.5 Ω and R = 6.86 Ω

Question 28.
In a potentiometer arrangement, a cell of emf 1.25 V gives a balance point at 35.0 cm length of the wire. If the cell is replaced by another cell and the balance point shifts to 63.0 cm, what is the emf of the second cell? (NCERT)
Answer:
Given ε1 = 1.25 V, L1 = 35.0 cm and L2 = 63.0 cm, ε2 = ?
ε2 = \(\frac{L_{2} \times \varepsilon_{1}}{L_{1}}=\frac{1.25 \times 63.0}{35.0}\) = 2.25 V

Question 29.
The figure below shows a potentiometer circuit for the comparison of two resistances. The balance point with a standard resistor R = 10.0 Ω is found to be 58.3 cm, while that with the unknown resistance X is 68.5 cm. Determine the value of X. What might you do if you failed to find a balance point with the given cell of emf ε? (NCERT)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 69
Answer:
Given R= 10.0 Ω, L1 = 58.3 cm, L2 = 68.5 cm, X = 1

Let k be the potential gradient along the wire AB, then
\(\frac{X}{R}=\frac{k L_{2}}{k L_{1}}\)
or
X = \(\frac{R \times L_{2}}{L_{1}}=\frac{10 \times 68.5}{58.3}\)
or
X= 11.75 Ω

If we fail to find a balance point with the given cell of emf e, it means the potential drop across R or X is greater than the potential drop across the potentiometer wire AB. Therefore to obtain the balance point on the wire, reduce the current in the circuit by putting a resistor in series with the circuit.

Question 30.
The figure below shows a 2.0 V potentiometer used for the determination of the internal resistance of a 1.5 V cell. The balance point of the cell in the open circuit is 76.3 cm. When a resistor of 9.5 Q is used in the external circuit of the cell, the balance point shifts to 64.8 cm length of the potentiometer wire. Determine the internal resistance of the cell. (NCERT)
Class 12 Physics Important Questions Chapter 3 Current Electricity 70
Answer:
Given 4 = 76.3 cm, ε = 1.5 V, R = 9.5 Ω, L2 = 64.8 cm
Internal resistance of a cell is given by the expression
r = \(\frac{\left(L_{1}-L_{2}\right) R}{L_{2}}\)
or
r = \(\frac{(76.3-64.8) \times 9.5}{64.8}\)
= 1.7 Ω

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 4 for Practice

Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard with Solutions and marking scheme Set 4 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 4 for Practice

Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

1. This question paper contains two parts, A and B.
2. Both Part A and Part B have internal choices.

Part-A:
1. It consists of two sections, I and II.
2. Section I has 16 questions of 1 mark each. Internal choice is provided in 5 questions.
3. Section II has 4 questions on case study. Each case study has 5 case-based sub-parts. An examinee is to attempt any 4 out of 5 sub-parts.

Part-B:
1. It consists of three sections III, IV and V.
2. In section III, Question Nos. 21 to 26 are Very Short Answer Type questions of 2 marks each.
3. In section IV, Question Nos. 27 to 33 are Short Answer Type questions of 3 marks each.
4. In section V, Question Nos. 34 to 36 are Long Answer Type questions of 5 marks each.
5. Internal choice is provided in 2 questions of 2 marks, 2 questions of 3 marks and 1 question of 5 marks.

Part – A
Section-I

Section I has 16 questions of 1 mark each. Internal choice is provided in 5 questions.

Question 1.
Find the distance between the lines 2x + 4 = 0 and x – 5 = 0.
OR
Find the distance of P (3, -2) from the y-axis.
Solution:
7 units OR 3 units

Question 2.
Find the value of k for which the given system has unique solution. 2x + 3y – 5 = 0, kx – 6y – 8 = 0
Solution:
k ≠ – 4

Question 3.
If cosec \(\theta=\frac{5}{3} \), then find the value of cos θ + tan θ.
Solution:
\(\frac{31}{20}\)

Question 4.
The given figure is a sector of circle of radius 10.5 cm. Find the perimeter of the sector.  [Take π = \(\frac{22}{7}\) ]
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 4 for Practice 1
Solution:
32 cm

Question 5.
If in an equilateral triangle, the length of the median is √3 cm, then find the length of the side of equilateral triangle.
OR
In an equilateral triangle of side 3 √3 cm, find the length of the altitude.
Solution:
2 cm OR 4.5 cm

Question 6.
Find the nature of roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0, a > 0, b = 0, c > 0.
Solution:
no real roots

Question 7.
Is x = – 3 a solution of x2 + 6x + 9 = 0?
OR
What will be the nature of roots of quadratic equation 2x2 + 4x -7 = 0?
Solution:
Yes OR Real and unequal

Question 8.
In the given figure, ABC is circumscribing a circle. Find the length of BC.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 4 for Practice 2
Solution:
10cm

Question 9.
In the given figure, O is the centre of the circle, PA and PB are tangents to the circle. Find the measure of ∠AQB.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 4 for Practice 3
OR
In the given figure, PQ is a chord of a circle with centre O and PT is a tangent. If ∠QPT = 60°, find ∠PRQ.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 4 for Practice 4
Solution:
70° OR 120°

Question 10.
ΔABC is isosceles in which ∠C = 90°. If AC = 6 cm, then find AB2.
Solution:
72 cm2

Question 11.
To divide line segment AB in the ratio m : n, a ray AX is drawn so that ∠B AX is an acute angle and then points are marked on ray AX at equal distance. Find the minimum number of these points.
Solution:
m + n

Question 12.
If a, p are the zeroes of the polynomial 2y2 + 1y + 5, write the value of a + p 4- a,p.
Solution:
-1

Question 13.
Form a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are (-3) and 2 respectively.
Solution:
x2 + 3x + 2

Question 14.
For which values of k will the pair of equations kx + 3y = k – 3 and 12x + ky = k have no solution?
Solution:
k = – 6

Question 15.
Find the number of spherical lead shots each 4.2 cm in diameter can be obtained from a rectangular solid lead with dimensions 66 cm, 42 cm and 21 cm.
Solution:
1500

Question 16.
Find the probability of
(a) an impossible event.
(b) a sure event.
OR
Find the probability that a number selected at random from the number 1, 2, 3, …, 35 is a multiple of 7.
Solution:
(a) 0
(b) 1
OR
\(\frac{1}{7}\)

Section-ll

Case Study based questions are compulsory. Attempt any four sub-parts of each question. Each sub-part carries 1 mark.

Case Study Based-1

Question 17.
Traffic Lights

Traffic Lights (or traffic signals) are lights used to control movement of traffics. They are placed on roads at intersections and crossings. The different colours of light tell drivers what to do. The traffic lights at different road crossings change after every 48 sec, 72 sec and 108 sec respectively.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 4 for Practice 5

(a) 108 can be expressed as a product of its primes as ……….
(i) 23 x 32
(ii) 23 x 33
(iii) 22 x 32
(iv) 22 x 33
Solution:
(iv) 22 x 33

(b) The HCF of 48, 72, 108 is ………..
(i) 18
(ii) 16
(iii) 12
(iv) 10
Solution:
(iii) 12

(c) The LCM of 48, 72, 108 is ……….
(i) 520
(ii) 432
(iii) 396
(iv) 420
Solution:
(ii) 432

(d) If all the traffic lights change simultaneously at 8:20:00 hrs, they will again change simultaneously at
(i) 8 : 27 : 12 hrs
(ii) 8 : 32 : 24 hrs
(iii) 8 : 40 : 08 hrs
(iv) 8 : 24 : 24 hrs
Solution:
(i) 8 : 27 : 12 hrs

(e) The [HCF x LCM] for the numbers 48, 72, 108 is ……..
(i) 2472
(ii) 3680
(iii) 4090
(iv) 5184
Solution:
(iv) 5184

Case Study Based-2

Question 18.
Pollution —A Major Problem
One of the major serious problems that the world is facing today is the environmental pollution. Common types of pollution include light, noise, water and air pollution.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 4 for Practice 6

In a school, students thoughts of planting trees in and around the school to reduce noise pollution and air pollution.

Condition I: It was decided that the number of trees that each section of each class will plant be the same as the class in which they are studying, e.g. a section of class I will plant 1 tree a section of class II will plant 2 trees and so on a section of class XII will plant 12 trees. Condition II: It was decided that the number of trees that each section of each class will plant be the double of the class in which they are studying, e.g. a section of class I will plant 2 trees, a section of class II will plant 4 trees and so on a section of class XII will plant 24 trees.

Refer to Condition I

(a) The AP formed by sequence e. number of plants by students is ………
(i) 0, 1, 2, 3, …, 12
(ii) 1, 2, 3, 4, …, 12
(iii) 0, 1, 2, 3, …, 15
(iv) 1,2, 3, 4, …, 15
Solution:
(ii) 1, 2, 3, 4, …, 12

(b) If there are two sections of each class, how many trees will be planted by the students?
(i) 126
(ii) 152
(iii) 156
(iv) 184
Solution:
(iii) 156

(c) If there are three sections of each class, how many trees will be planted by the students?
(i) 234
(ii) 260
(iii) 310
(iv)   326
Solution:
(i) 234

Refer to Condition II

(d) If there are two sections of each class, how many trees will be planted by the students?
(i) 422
(ii) 312
(iii) 360
(iv) 540
Solution:
(ii) 312

(e) If there are three sections of each class, how many trees will be planted by the students?
(i) 468
(ii) 590
(iii) 710
(iv)  620
Solution:
(i) 468

Case Study Based-3

Question 19.
Student-Teacher Ratio

Student-teacher ratio expresses the relationship between the number of students enrolled in a school and the number of teachers in that school. It is important for a number of reasons. For example, it can be an indicator of the amount of individual attention any child is likely to receive, keeping in mind that not all class size are going to be the same.

The following distribution gives the state-wise student-teacher ratio in higher secondary schools of India (28 states and 7 UTs only).

Number of students per teacher Number of States/ UTs Number of students per teacher Number of States/ UTs
15-20 3 35-40 3
20-25 8 40-45 0
25-30 9 45-50 0
30-35 10 50-55 2

(a) The mode of the above data is ………
(i) 25.5
(ii) 30.6
(iii) 35.2
(iv) 38.3
Solution:
(ii) 30.6

(b) The mean of the above data is ………….
(i) 29.2
(ii) 30.5
(iii) 38.3
(iv) 40.1
Solution:
(i) 29.2

(c) The modal class is ………..
(i) 20-25
(ii) 40 – 45
(iii) 30 -35
(iv) 50.55
Solution:
(iii) 30 -35

(d) The sum of class marks of 25-30 and 45-50 is
(i) 62
(ii)  70
(iii)  75
(iv) 85
Solution:
(iii)  75

(e) The sum of the upper and lower limits of modal class is
(i) 55
(ii) 65
(iii) 85
(iv) 75
Solution:
(ii) 65

Case Study Based-4

Question 20.
Skysails’ is that genre of engineering science that uses extensive utilization of wind energy to move a vessel in the sea water. The ‘Skysails’ technology allows the towing kite to gain a height of anything between 100 metres to 300 metres. The sailing kite is made in such a way that it can be raised to its proper elevation and then brought back with the help of a ‘telescopic mast’ that enables the kite to be raised properly and effectively.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 4 for Practice 7

(a) In the given figures, if sin 8 = cos (30 – 30°), where 0 and 30 – 30° are acute angles, then the value of 9 is ……
(i) 30°
(ii) 60°
(iii) 45°
(iv) None of these.
Solution:
(i) 30°

(b) What should be the length of the rope of the kite sail in order to pull the ship at the angle θ (calculated in part (a) and be at a vertical height of 200 m?
(i) 300 m
(ii) 400 m
(iii) 500 m
(iv) 600 m
Solution:
(ii) 400 m

(c) If BC = 15 m, θ = 30°, then AB is ………..
(i) \(2 \sqrt{3} \mathrm{~m}\)
(ii) 15 m
(iii) 24 m
(iv)\(5 \sqrt{3} \mathrm{~m}\)
Solution:
(iv)\(5 \sqrt{3} \mathrm{~m}\)

(d) Suppose AB = BC = 12 m, then 0 = ………
(i) 0°
(ii) 30°
(iii) 45°
(iv) 60°
Solution:
(iii) 45°

(e) Given that BC = 6 m and 0 = 45°. The values of AB and AC are respectively………..
(i) AB = 4 m, AC = \(4 \sqrt{2} \mathrm{~m}\)
(ii)  AB = 7 m, AC =\(7 \sqrt{5} \mathrm{~m}\)
(iii) AB = 9 m, AC = \(9 \sqrt{3} \mathrm{~m}\)
(iv) AB = 6 m, AC =\(6 \sqrt{2} \mathrm{~m}\)
Solution:
(iv) AB = 6 m, AC =\(6 \sqrt{2} \mathrm{~m}\)

Part-B
Section-III

All questions are compulsory. In case of internal choices, attempt any one.

Question 21.
Is 7 x 11 x 13 + 11 a composite number? Justify your answer.
Solution:
Yes

Question 22.
Check whether (1,2), (3, 4), (1, 4), (2, 8) are the vertices of a square.
OR
Determine if the points (1,5), (2, 3) and (-2, -11) are collinear.
Solution:
No OR No

Question 23.
Find all zeroes of the polynomial 2x3 + x2 – 6x – 3, if two of its zeroes are \(-\sqrt{3} \text { and } \sqrt{3}\)
Solution:
\(-\sqrt{3}, \sqrt{3},-\frac{1}{2}\)

Question 24.
Draw a line-segment PQ = 8.4 cm by using ruler and compass only. Find a point R on PQ such that \(\frac{3}{4}\)
Solution:
Point ‘R’ is 3.6 cm away from ‘P’.

Question 25.
If a cos θ – b sin θ = c, prove that a sin θ + b cos θ = \(\pm \sqrt{a^{2}+b^{2}-c^{2}}\)
OR
If sin θ+ sin2 θ=1, then prove that cos2 θ + cos4 θ = 1.

Question 26.
Prove that the lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal.

Section-IV

Question 27.
Point P divides the line segment joining the points A(2, 1) and B(5, -8) such that \(\frac{\mathrm{AP}}{\mathrm{AB}}=\frac{1}{3}\). If P lies on the line 2x -y + k O, find the value of k.
Solution:
-8

Question 28.
In the given figure. if LM || CB and LN || CD, prove that \(\frac{\mathrm{AM} {\mathrm{AB}}=\frac{\mathrm{AN}}{\mathrm{AD}}\)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 4 for Practice 8

OR
In the given figure, DE || AC and DF || AE. Prove that \(\frac{\mathrm{BF}}{\mathrm{FE}}=\frac{\mathrm{BE}}{\mathrm{EC}}\)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 4 for Practice 9

Question 29.
In the given figure, DE JI AC and DF  AE. Prove that \(\frac{\mathrm{BF}}{\mathrm{FE}}=\frac{\mathrm{BE}}{\mathrm{EC}}\)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 4 for Practice 10
Solution:
7.868 cm2

Question 30.
The area of an equilateral triangle is \(49 \sqrt{3} \mathrm{~cm}^{2}\). Taking each angular point as centre, a circle is described with radius equal to half the length of the side of the triangle as shown in figure. Find the area of the triangle not included in the circles.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 4 for Practice 11
In the given figure, prove that AD = BE if ∠A = ∠B and DE || AB.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Maths Standard Set 4 for Practice 12

Question 31.
The weight of tea in 70 packets are as follows:

Weight (in kg) 200-201 201-202 202-203 203-204 204-205 205-206
No. of packets 12 26 20 4 2 6

Determine the modal weight.
Solution:
201.7 kg

Question 32.
Check whether the pair of equations 5x – y = 1 and are consistent. If so, solve them graphically.
Solution:
Consistent, x = 2, y = 3

Question 33.
Find the mean and median for the following data:

Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-10 40-50 Total
Frequency 8 16 36 34 6 100

Solution:
Mean = 26.4; Median = 27.2

Section-V

Question 34.
Two hoardings on cleanliness are kept on two poles of equal heights standing opposite to each other on either side of the road, which is 80 m wide. From a point between them on the road, the angle of elevation of the top of the poles are 60° and 30° respectively. Find the height of the pole and the distance of the point from the poles.
OR
A tree breaks down due to storm and the broken part bends so that the top of the tree touches the ground making an angle of 30° with it. The distance from the foot of the tree to the point where the top touches the ground is 8 metres. Find the height of the tree before it was broken.
Solution:
20√3 m; 20 m and 60 m OR 13.86 m

Question 35.
A well of diameter 3 m and 14 m deep is dug. The earth, taken out of it, has been evenly spread all around it in the shape of a circular ring of width 4 m to form an embankment. Find the height of the embankment.
Solution:
\(\frac{9}{8} \mathrm{~m}\)

Question 36.
A part of monthly expenditure of a family is constant and the remaining varies with the price of wheat. When the price of wheat is ₹ 800 per quintals, the total monthly expenditure is ₹ 5400 and when it is ₹ 1000 per quintal, the total monthly expenditure ₹ 6000. Find the total monthly expenditure of the family when the cost of wheat is ₹ 950 per quintal. Assuming the consumption of wheat to be the same.
Solution:
₹ 5850

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Hindi Course A Set 1 with Solutions

Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Hindi with Solutions and marking scheme Course A Set 1 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Hindi Course A Set 1 with Solutions

निर्धारित समय : 3 घंटे
अधिकतम अंक : 80

सामान्य निर्देश:
(क) इस प्रश्न-पत्र के दो खंड हैं- ‘अ’ और ‘ब’।
(ख) खंड ‘अ’ में कुल 10 वस्तुपरक प्रश्न पूछे गए हैं। सभी प्रश्नों में उपप्रश्न दिए गए हैं। दिए गए निर्देशों का पालन करते हुए प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए।
(ग) खंड ‘ब’ में कुल 7 वर्णनात्मक प्रश्न पूछे गए हैं। प्रश्नों में आंतरिक विकल्प दिए गए हैं। दिए गए निर्देशों का पालन करते हुए प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए।

खंड ‘अ’- वस्तुपरक प्रश्न ( अंक 40)

अपठित गद्यांश (अंक 5)

प्रश्न 1.
निम्नलिखित गद्यांश को पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के लिए सही विकल्प चुनकर लिखिए। (1 × 5 = 5)

विद्यार्थी-जीवन को मानव-जीवन की रीढ़ की हड्डी कहें तो कोई अतिशयोक्ति नहीं होगी। विद्यार्थी काल में बालक में जो संस्कार पड़ जाते हैं, जीवनभर वही संस्कार अमिट रहते हैं। इसीलिए यही काल आधारशिला कहा गया है। यदि यह नींव दृढ़ बन जाती है तो जीवन सुदृढ़ और सुखी बन जाता है। यदि इस काल में बालक कष्ट सहन कर लेता है, तो उसका स्वास्थ्य सुंदर बनता है। यदि मन लगाकर अध्ययन कर लेता है तो उसे ज्ञान मिलता है, उसका मानसिक विकास होता है। जिस वृक्ष को प्रारंभ से सुंदर सिंचन और खाद मिल जाती है, वह पुष्पित एवं पल्लवित होकर संसार को सौरभ देने लगता है। इसी प्रकार विद्यार्थी काल में जो बालक श्रम, अनुशासन एवं समय नियमन के साँचे में ढल जाता है, वह आदर्श विद्यार्थी बनकर सभ्य नागरिक बन जाता है। सभ्य नागरिक के लिए जिन-जिन गुणों की आवश्यकता है, उन गुणों के लिए विद्यार्थी काल ही तो सुंदर पाठशाला है। यहाँ पर अपने साथियों के बीच रहकर वे सभी गुण आ जाने आवश्यक हैं, जिनकी विद्यार्थी को अपने जीवन में आवश्यकता होती है।

(i) ‘संसार को सौरभ’ देने का अर्थ है
(क) संसार में सुगंध फैलाना
(ख) संसार में बेहतर बनना
(ग) संसार में पेड़ लगाना
(घ) संसार को सुगंधित द्रव्य देना
उत्तर-
(क) संसार में सुगंध फैलाना

(ii) गद्यांश में आदर्श विद्यार्थी के किन गुणों की चर्चा की गई है?
(क) नियमावली का पालन
(ख) ज्ञान-प्राप्ति हेतु ध्यान की आवश्यकता
(ग) नियमन
(घ) व्यायाम
उत्तर-
(ग) नियमन

(iii) गद्यांश के आधार पर कहा जा सकता है कि
(क) विद्यार्थी-जीवन में व्यक्ति अनेक गुणों को धारण कर लेता है।
(ख) विद्यार्थी जीवन के लिए सुंदर पाठशाला की आवश्यकता होती है।
(ग) कष्ट सहन करने से सेहत बनती है।
(घ) वृक्षों को सींचना पर्यावरण के लिए आश्वयक है।
उत्तर-
(क) विद्यार्थी-जीवन में व्यक्ति अनेक गुणों को धारण कर लेता है।

(iv) गद्यांश में ‘वृक्ष’ किसे कहा गया है?
(क) पेड़ को
(ख) विद्यार्थी को
(ग) जीवन को
(घ) समय को
उत्तर-
(ख) विद्यार्थी को

(v) मानव जीवन की रीढ़ की हड्डी विद्यार्थी-जीवन को क्यों माना जाता है?
(क) पूरा जीवन विद्यार्थी-जीवन पर चलता है।
(ख) जो संस्कार विद्यार्थी-जीवन में पड़ जाते हैं, वे संस्कार स्थायी हो जाते हैं।
(ग) विद्यार्थी-जीवन सुखी जीवन होता है।
(घ) विद्यार्थी जीवन में ज्ञान मिलता है।
उत्तर-
(ख) जो संस्कार विद्यार्थी-जीवन में पड़ जाते हैं, वे संस्कार स्थायी हो जाते हैं।

अथवा

विद्याभ्यासी पुरुष को साथियों का अभाव कभी नहीं रहता। उसकी कोठरी में सदा ऐसे लोगों का वास रहता है, जो अमर हैं। वे उसके प्रति सहानुभूति प्रकट करने और उसे समझाने के लिए सदा प्रस्तुत रहते हैं। कवि, दार्शनिक और विद्वान, जिन्होंने प्रकृति के रहस्यों का उद्घाटन किया है और बड़े-बड़े महात्मा, जिन्होंने आत्मा के गूढ़ रहस्यों की

थाह लगा ली है, सदा उसकी बातें सुनने और उसकी शंकाओं का समाधान करने के लिए उद्यत रहते हैं। बिना किसी उद्देश्य के सरसरी तौर पर पुस्तकों के पन्ने उलटते जाना अध्ययन नहीं है। लिखी हुई बातों को विचारपूर्वक पूर्णरूप से हृदय से ग्रहण करने का नाम अध्ययन है। प्रत्येक स्त्री-पुरुष को अपने पढ़ने का उद्देश्य स्थित कर लेना चाहिए। इसके लिए सबसे मुख्य बात यह है कि पढ़ना नियमपूर्वक हो अर्थात इसके लिए नित्य का समय उपयुक्त होता है।

(i) ‘विद्वान’ शब्द का विलोम है
(क) विदुषी
(ख) मूर्ख
(ग) मंदबुद्धि
(घ) इनमें से कोई नहीं
उत्तर
(क) विदुषी

(ii) कौन-सा शब्द ‘प्र’ उपसर्ग लगाकर नहीं बना है?
(क) प्रयुक्त
(ख) प्रसिद्ध
(ग) प्रश्न
(घ) प्रगति
उत्तर
(ग) प्रश्न

(iii) विद्याभ्यासी पुरुष के पास किसका वास रहता है?
(क) संबंधियों का
(ख) पुस्तकों का
(ग) गुरुजनों का
(घ) जो अमर होते हैं
उत्तर
(घ) जो अमर होते हैं

(iv) विद्या का अभ्यास करने वाले व्यक्तियों को साथियों की कमी महसूस नहीं होती है क्योंकि
(क) उन्हें साथी की आवश्यकता नहीं होती है
(ख) उन्हें मित्र बनाना अच्छा नहीं लगता है
(ग) पुस्तकें उनकी साथी होती है
(घ) उनके अनेक साथी होते हैं
उत्तर
(ग) पुस्तकें उनकी साथी होती है

(v) अध्ययन क्या है?
(क) बिना कारण के पुस्तकों के पन्ने पलटना
(ख) नियमपूर्वक पढ़ना
(ग) लिखी हुई बातों को विचारपूर्वक हृदय से ग्रहण करना
(घ) कुछ भी पढ़ लेना
उत्तर
(ग) लिखी हुई बातों को विचारपूर्वक हृदय से ग्रहण करना

अपठित पद्यांश (अंक 5)

प्रश्न 2.
निम्नलिखित पद्यांश को पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के लिए सही विकल्प चुनकर लिखिए। (1 × 5 = 5)
प्लास्टिक सर्जरी के कुछ जमा थे विद्वान,
और चला रहे थे अपनी जबान।
पहला बोला
कि मैंने एक लँगड़ी को टाँग लगाई थी,
इस वर्ष ओलंपिक दौड़ में वही पहली आई थी,
दूसरा बोला कि
परसों ही मैंने एक लूले को लगाया है नया हाथ
और कल ही बॉक्सिंग में बॉक्सर को उसने दी मात। तीसरा बोला कि
तब से बहुत हूँ परेशान
जब से मैंने एक भेड़िए के होठों पर चिपकाई है आदमी की मुस्कान
वह हाथ जोड़े घर-घर में जा रहा है
और अगले चुनाव के लिए अपना वोट पटा रहा है।

(i) कविता की अंतिम पंक्तियों में किस पर व्यंग्य किया गया है?
(क) कविता की अंतिम पंक्तियों में खिलाड़ियों पर व्यंग्य किया गया है।
(ख) कविता की अंतिम पंक्तियों में सर्जरी के विशेषज्ञों पर व्यंग्य किया गया है।
(ग) कविता की अंतिम पंक्तियों में राजनेताओं पर व्यंग्य किया गया है।
(घ) कविता की अंतिम पंक्तियों में देश की व्यवस्था पर व्यंग्य किया गया है।
उत्तर
(ग) कविता की अंतिम पंक्तियों में राजनेताओं पर व्यंग्य किया गया है।

(ii) तीसरे सर्जन की परेशानी का कारण कौन है?
(क) तीसरे सर्जन की परेशानी का कारण अभिनेता है।
(ख) तीसरे सर्जन की परेशानी का कारण नेता है।
(ग) तीसरे सर्जन की परेशानी का कारण भेड़िया है।
(घ) ये सभी विकल्प सही हैं।
उत्तर
(ग) तीसरे सर्जन की परेशानी का कारण भेड़िया है।

(iii) पहले सर्जन ने क्या कारनामा कर दिखाया था?
(क) एक लूले का हाथ लगाया, जिसने बॉक्सिंग में बॉक्सर को हराया।
(ख) भेड़िए के होठों पर आदमी की मुस्कान चिपकाई।
(ग) एक लँगड़ी को टाँग लगाई जो ओलंपिक दौड़ में प्रथम आई।
(घ) ये सभी विकल्प सही हैं।
उत्तर
(ग) एक लँगड़ी को टाँग लगाई जो ओलंपिक दौड़ में प्रथम आई।

(iv) कवि ने किस प्रकार के आदमी को भेड़िया कहा है?
(क) कवि ने शिक्षाविद को भेड़िया कहा है।
(ख) कवि ने धर्म नेता को भेड़िया कहा है।
(ग) कवि ने राजनेता को भेड़िया कहा है।
(घ) कवि ने दोहरे आचरण वाले व्यक्ति को भेड़िया कहा है।
उत्तर
(ग) कवि ने राजनेता को भेड़िया कहा है।

(v) घर-घर में शब्द है
(क) रूढ़
(ख) यौगिक
(ग) युग्म
(घ) सार्थक
उत्तर
(ग) युग्म

अथवा

देश हमें देता है सब कुछ, हम भी तो कुछ देना सीखें सूरज हमें रोशनी देता हवा नया जीवन देती है। भूख मिटाने को हम सबको, धरती पर होती खेती है। औरों का भी हित हो जिसमें, हम ऐसा कुछ करना सीखें पथिकों को जलती दुपहर में पेड़ सदा देते हैं छाया खुशबू भरे फूल देते हैं, हमको नव फूलों की माला, त्यागी तरुओं के जीवन से हम भी तो कुछ देना सीखें। जो अनपढ़ है उन्हें पढ़ाएँ, जो चुप हैं उनको वाणी दें। हम मेहनत के दीप जलाकर, नया उजाला करना सीखें।

(i) कवि हमसे क्या अपेक्षा रखता है?
(क) कवि हमसे त्याग की अपेक्षा रखता है।
(ख) कभी हमसे परहित की अपेक्षा रखता है।
(ग) कभी हमसे परिश्रम की अपेक्षा रखता है।
(घ) ये सभी विकल्प सही हैं।
उत्तर
(घ) ये सभी विकल्प सही हैं।

(ii) कवि के अनुसार देश हमें क्या देता है?
(क) कवि के अनुसार देश हमें आश्चर्य देता है।
(ख) कवि के अनुसार देश हमें धन-धान्य देता है।
(ग) कवि के अनुसार देश हमें रोज़गार के अवसर देता है।
(घ) कवि के अनुसार देश हमें सब कुछ देता है।
उत्तर
(घ) कवि के अनुसार देश हमें सब कुछ देता है।

(iii) हम किससे देना सीख सकते हैं?
(क) हम देश और धरती से देना सीख सकते हैं।
(ख) हम सूरज और हवा से देना सीख सकते हैं।
(ग) हम वृक्षों और फूलों से देना सीख सकते हैं।
(घ) ये सभी विकल्प सही हैं।
उत्तर
(घ) ये सभी विकल्प सही हैं।

(iv) कवि ने त्यागी का संबोधन किसके लिए किया है?
(क) कवि ने त्यागी का संबोधन सूरज के लिए किया है।
(ख) कवि ने त्यागी का संबोधन धरती के लिए किया है।
(ग) कवि ने त्यागी का संबोधन वृक्षों के लिए किया है।
(घ) कवि ने त्यागी का संबोधन फूलों के लिए किया है।
उत्तर
(ग) कवि ने त्यागी का संबोधन वृक्षों के लिए किया है।

(v) कवि हमें क्या सीखने की प्रेरणा देता है?
(क) कवि हमें सबको कुछ देने की प्रेरणा देता है।
(ख) कवि हमें दूसरों के हित जीने की प्रेरणा देता है।
(ग) कभी हमें मेहनत करने की प्रेरणा देता है।
(घ) ये सभी विकल्प सही हैं।
उत्तर-
(घ) ये सभी विकल्प सही हैं।

व्यावहारिक व्याकरण (अंक 16)

प्रश्न 3.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों को पढ़कर किन्हीं चार प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिए। (1 × 4 = 4)

(i) मजदूर मेहनत करता है, किंतु उसके लाभ से वंचित रहता है। किस प्रकार का वाक्य है? ।
(क) सरल वाक्य
(ख) मिश्र वाक्य
(ग) संयुक्त वाक्य
(घ) इनमें से कोई नहीं
उत्तर
(ख) मिश्र वाक्य

(ii) मिश्र वाक्य का चयन कीजिए
(क) सूरज पूर्व से निकलता है
(ख) हम भोजन कर रहे हैं
(ग) वह कौन-सा व्यक्ति है, जिसने महात्मा गांधी का नाम न सुना हो
(घ) वह बाज़ार गया औरा फल लाया।
उत्तर
(ग) वह कौन-सा व्यक्ति है, जिसने महात्मा गांधी का नाम न सुना हो

(iii) रेखांकित उपवाक्यों में से कौन-सा विशेषण उपवाक्य है?
(क) मैं कहता हूँ कि तुम भोपाल जाओ
(ख) लखनऊ उत्तर प्रदेश की राजधानी है जो कि एक ऐतिहासिक नगर है
(ग) मैं चाहता हूँ कि आप यहीं रहें।
(घ) जब मैं स्टेशन पहुँचा तभी ट्रेन आई
उत्तर
(ख) लखनऊ उत्तर प्रदेश की राजधानी है जो कि एक ऐतिहासिक नगर है

(iv) संयुक्त वाक्य का चयन कीजिए।
(क) परिश्रमी व्यक्ति ही सफलता प्राप्त करता है।
(ख) क्या मेरे बिना वह पढ़ नहीं सकता है?
(ग) जो परिश्रम करता है, वही आगे बढ़ता है।
(घ) मैं बजाता हूँ और वह गाता है।
उत्तर
(घ) मैं बजाता हूँ और वह गाता है।

(v) जब तक वह घर पहुंचा तब तक उसके पिता जा चुके थे।
(क) सरल वाक्य
(ख) मिश्र वाक्य
(ग) संयुक्त वाक्य
(घ) इनमें से कोई नहीं
उत्तर
(ख) मिश्र वाक्य

प्रश्न 4.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों को पढ़कर किन्हीं चार प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिए। (1 × 4 = 4)

(i) पिता जी के द्वारा कार चलाई गई। वाच्य है
(क) कर्तृवाच्य
(ख) कर्मवाच्य
(ग) भाववाच्य
(घ) इनमें से कोई नहीं
उत्तर
(ख) कर्मवाच्य

(ii) भाववाच्य है
(क) मजदूरों ने ईंट नहीं उठाई।
(ख) मजदूरों से ईंट उठाई नहीं जाती।
(ग) मैं पढ़ नहीं सकती।
(घ) वह बेचारी रो भी नहीं सकती।
उत्तर
(ख) मजदूरों से ईंट उठाई नहीं जाती।

(iii) आज उसे जमानत मिल गई। वाच्य है
(क) कर्तृवाच्य
(ख) कर्मवाच्य
(ग) भाववाच्य
(घ) कोई नहीं
उत्तर
(क) कर्तृवाच्य

(iv) कर्मवाच्य है
(क) मित्र विपत्ति में मदद करते हैं।
(ख) मित्रों के द्वारा विपत्ति में मदद की जाती है।
(ग) बूढी माँ से चला नहीं जाता।
(घ) फैक्टरी बंद कर दी।
उत्तर
(ख) मित्रों के द्वारा विपत्ति में मदद की जाती है।

(v) निशा द्वारा अच्छी कविता लिखी गई। वाच्य है
(क) कर्तृवाक्य
(ख) कर्मवाक्य
(ग) भाववाक्य
(घ) इनमें से कोई नहीं
उत्तर
(ख) कर्मवाक्य

प्रश्न 5.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों को पढ़कर किन्हीं चार प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिए। (1 × 4 = 4)

(i) ‘गीता पुस्तक पढ़ती है।’ रेखांकित का पद-परिचय है
(क) जातिवाचक संज्ञा, बहुवचन, पुल्लिंग, कर्म कारक
(ख) व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिंग, कर्ता कारक
(ग) भाववाचक संज्ञा, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिंग, कर्म कारक
(घ) समूहवाचक संज्ञा, बहुवचन, पुल्लिंग, कर्ता कारक
उत्तर
(ख) व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिंग, कर्ता कारक

(ii) ‘आज हमारी परीक्षा होनी है।’ में ‘आज’ का पद-परिचय है
(क) कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण, ‘होनी है’ क्रिया की विशेषता बता रहा है।
(ख) स्थानवाचक क्रियाविशेषण, ‘होनी है’ क्रिया की विशेषता बता रहा है।
(ग) परिमाणवाचक क्रियाविशेषण, ‘होनी है’ क्रिया की विशेषता बता रहा है।
(घ) उपर्युक्त में से कोई नहीं।
उत्तर
(क) कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण, ‘होनी है’ क्रिया की विशेषता बता रहा है।

(iii) ‘आज तुमने थोड़ा-सा ही दूध क्यों पीया?’ रेखांकित पद का पद-परिचय क्या है?
(क) निश्चित परिमाणवाचक विशेषण, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, ‘दूध’ विशेष्य का विशेषण
(ख) अनिश्चित परिमाणवाचक विशेषण, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, ‘दूध’ विशेष्य का विशेषण
(ग) संख्यावाचक विशेषण, स्त्रीलिंग, ‘दूध’ विशेष्य का विशेषण
(घ) इनमें से कोई भी नहीं।
उत्तर
(ख) अनिश्चित परिमाणवाचक विशेषण, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग, ‘दूध’ विशेष्य का विशेषण

(iv) ‘वे बहुत ईमानदार है।’ में ‘वे’ का पद-परिचय है
(क) निजवाचक सर्वनाम, बहुवचन, पुल्लिंग/स्त्रीलिंग, कर्ता कारक।
(ख) निश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग/स्त्रीलिंग, कर्म कारक
(ग) अन्य पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग/स्त्रीलिंग, कर्ता कारक
(घ) अनिश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम, बहुवचन, पुल्लिंग/स्त्रीलिंग, करण कारक
उत्तर
(ग) अन्य पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम, एकवचन, पुल्लिंग/स्त्रीलिंग, कर्ता कारक

(v) ‘रामू बाज़ार जाओ।’ में रेखांकित का पद-परिचय क्या है?
(क) सकर्मक क्रिया, वर्तमान काल, स्त्रीलिंग, एकवचन
(ख) अकर्मक क्रिया, वर्तमान काल, पुल्लिंग, एकवचन,
(ग) सकर्मक क्रिया, भूत काल, स्त्रीलिंग, बहुवचन
(घ) इनमें से कोई नहीं
उत्तर
(ख) अकर्मक क्रिया, वर्तमान काल, पुल्लिंग, एकवचन,

प्रश्न 6.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों को पढ़कर किन्हीं चार प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिए। (1 × 4 = 4)
(i) उस काल मारे क्रोध के, तन काँपने उसका लगा। मानो हवा के ज़ोर से, सोता हुआ सागर जगा। इन पंक्तियों में कौन-सा रस है?
(क) वीर रस
(ख) रौद्र रस
(ग) अद्भुत रस
(घ) करुण रस
उत्तर
(क) वीर रस

(ii) प्रिय पति वह मेरा प्राण प्यारा कहाँ है? दुख-जलनिधि-डूबी सहारा कहाँ है? इन पंक्तियों में कौन-सा स्थायी ङ्के भाव है?
(क) विस्मय
(ख) रति
(ग) शोक
(घ) क्रोध
उत्तर
(ग) शोक

(iii) शृंगार रस का स्थायी भाव है?
(क) उत्साह
(ख) शोक
(ग) रति
(घ) भय
उत्तर
(ग) रति

(iv) क्रोध किस रस का स्थायी भाव है
(क) वीभत्स
(ख) भयानक
(ग) रौद्र
(घ) वीर रस
उत्तर
(ग) रौद्र

(v) करुण रस का उदाहरण है
(क) कहत, नटत, रीझत, खीझत, मिलत, खिलत, लजियात।
भरे भौन में करत हैं नैनन ही सौं बात।।

(ख) देखि सुदामा की दीन दसा करुना करि के करुनानिधि रोये।
पानी परात को हाथ छुयो नहिं, नैननि के जल सों पग धोये।।

(ग) श्रीकृष्ण के सुन वचन अर्जुन क्रोध से जलने लगे।
सब शोक अपना भूलकर करतल-युगल मलने लगे।।

(घ) नाक चढे सी-सी करै, जितै छबीली छैल।
फिरि फिरि भूलि वही गहै, प्यौ कंकरीली गैल।।

उत्तर
(ख) देखि सुदामा की दीन दसा करुना करि के करुनानिधि रोये।
पानी परात को हाथ छुयो नहिं, नैननि के जल सों पग धोये।।

पाठ्यपुस्तक (अंक 14)

प्रश्न 7.
निम्नलिखित गद्यांश को पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों से चुनकर लिखिए। (1 × 5 = 5)
फिर अकसर माँ की स्मृति में डूब जाते देखा है। उनकी माँ की चिट्ठियाँ अकसर उनके पास आती थीं। अपने अभिन्न मित्र डॉ. रघुवंश को वह उन चिट्ठियाँ को दिखाते थे। पिता और भाइयों के लिए बहुत लगाव मन में नहीं था। पिता व्यवसायी थे। एक भाई वहीं पादरी हो गया है। एक भाई काम करता है, उसका परिवार है। बहन सख्त और ज़िद्दी थी। बहुत देर से उसने शादी की। फ़ादर को एकाध बार उसकी शादी की चिंता व्यक्त करते उन दिनों देखा था। भारत में बस जाने के बाद दो या तीन बार अपने परिवार से मिलने भारत से बेल्जियम गए थे।

(i) कौन माँ की स्मृतियों में डूब जाते थे
(क) लेखक
(ख) फ़ादर बुल्के
(ग) दोनों
(घ) इनमें से कोई नहीं
उत्तर
(ख) फ़ादर बुल्के

(ii) फ़ादर के पिता क्या थे?
(क) वकील
(ख) पादरी
(ग) व्यवसायी
(घ) जज
उत्तर
(ग) व्यवसायी

(iii) फ़ादर को किसकी चिंता थी?
(क) पिता की
(ख) भाई की
(ग) बहन की
(घ) माँ की
उत्तर
(ग) बहन की

(iv) फादर का परिवार कहाँ रहता था?
(क) भारत में
(ख) बेल्जियम में
(ग) लंदन में
(घ) जर्मनी में
उत्तर
(ख) बेल्जियम में

(v) फ़ादर के अभिन्न मित्र कौन थे?
(क) लेखक
(ख) उनके भाई
(ग) रघुवंश
(घ) माँ
उत्तर
(ग) रघुवंश

प्रश्न 8.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिए। (1 × 2 = 2)

(i) लेखक बालगोबिन भगत के किस गुण पर मुग्ध थे?
(क) सरलता
(ख) सहनशीलता
(ग) मधुर संगीत-गायन
(घ) इनमें से कोई नहीं
उत्तर
(ग) मधुर संगीत-गायन

(ii) हालदार साहब को कितने दिनों में कंपनी के काम से कस्बे से गुज़रना पड़ता था?
(क) चौदहवें दिन
(ख) पंद्रहवें दिन
(ग) हर ग्यारह दिन बाद
(घ) कुछ कह नहीं सकते
उत्तर
(ख) पंद्रहवें दिन

प्रश्न 9.
निम्नलिखित पद्यांश को पढ़कर पूछे गए प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिए। (1 × 5 = 5)
ऊधौ, तुम हौ अति बड़भागी। अपरस रहत सनेह तगा तैं, नाहिन मन अनुरागी। पुरइनि पात रहत जल भीतर, ता रस देह न दागी। ज्यौं जल माहँ तेल की गागरि, बूंद न ताकौं लागी। प्रीति-नदी मैं पाउँ न बोरयौ, दृष्टि न रूप परागी। ‘सूरदास’ अबला हम भोरी, गुर चाँटी ज्यौं पागी।

(i) कमल के पत्ते की कौन-सी विशेषता कविता में बताई गई है?
(क) कमल का पत्ता सुंदर होता है।
(ख) कमल का पत्ता पानी में डूबा रहता है, लेकिन उस पर कोई दाग भी नहीं लगता है।
(ग) पहला और दूसरा उत्तर सही है।
(घ) दिए गए विकल्पों के सभी उत्तर गलत हैं।
उत्तर
(ख) कमल का पत्ता पानी में डूबा रहता है, लेकिन उस पर कोई दाग भी नहीं लगता है।

(ii) उद्धव के प्रेम विहीन रहने की तुलना किससे या किस-किससे की गई है?
(क) कमल के पत्ते और तेल की मटकी से की गई है।
(ख) केवल कमल के पत्ते से की गई है।
(ग) केवल तेल की मटकी से की गई है।
(घ) गुड़ की चींटी से की गई है।
उत्तर
(क) कमल के पत्ते और तेल की मटकी से की गई है।

(iii) गोपियों ने किसको अति बड़भागी कहा है?
(क) श्रीकृष्ण को
(ख) उद्धव को
(ग) जल से भरी मटकी को
(घ) गोपियों ने स्वयं को
उत्तर
(ख) उद्धव को

(iv) भोली भाली गोपियों और चींटियों में क्या समानता है?
(क) जिस तरह से चीटियाँ गुड़ से चिपटकर मुक्त नहीं होती हैं, उसी तरह से श्रीकृष्ण के प्रेम में गोपियाँ भी उनसे अलग नहीं हो सकती हैं।
(ख) जिस तरह से चीटियों को गुड़ पसंद है, वैसे ही गोपियों को मिठाइयाँ प्रिय हैं।
(ग) दोनों उत्तर सही है
(घ) कोई भी उत्तर सही नहीं है।
उत्तर
(क) जिस तरह से चीटियाँ गुड़ से चिपटकर मुक्त नहीं होती हैं, उसी तरह से श्रीकृष्ण के प्रेम में गोपियाँ भी उनसे अलग नहीं हो सकती हैं।

(v) ‘प्रीति-नदी मैं पाउँ न बोरयौ’ का अर्थ क्या है?
(क) प्रीति नदी यमुना नदी को कहा गया है।
(ख) प्रेम रूपी नदी में कभी पैर नहीं डुबोया अर्थात जिसने कभी प्रेम नहीं किया।
(ग) नदी में नहाने की बात हो रही है।
(घ) ऊपर दिए गए विकल्पों में से कोई नहीं।
उत्तर
(ख) प्रेम रूपी नदी में कभी पैर नहीं डुबोया अर्थात जिसने कभी प्रेम नहीं किया।

प्रश्न 10.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर विकल्पों में से चुनकर लिखिए। (1 × 2 = 2)
(i) परशुराम का स्वभाव कैसा है?
(क) उदार
(ख) शीतल
(ग) क्रोधी
(घ) चंचल
उत्तर
(ग) क्रोधी

(ii) ‘शाब्दिक-भ्रम’ किसे कहा गया है?
(क) दिन-रात को
(ख) वस्त्र और आभूषण को
(ग) सुख-दुख को
(घ) उपर्युक्त में से कोई नहीं
उत्तर
(ख) वस्त्र और आभूषण को

खंड ‘ब’- वर्णनात्मक प्रश्न (अंक 40)

पाठ्यपुस्तक एवं पूरक पाठ्यपुस्तक (अंक 20)

प्रश्न 11.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर लगभग 25-30 शब्दों में लिखिए। (2 × 4 = 8)
(क) सेनानी न होते हुए भी चश्मेवाले को लोग कैप्टन क्यों कहते थे?
(ख) बालगोबिन भगत ने अपने बेटे की मृत्यु पर अपनी भावनाएँ कैसे व्यक्त की?
(ग) फ़ादर की उपस्थिति ‘देवदार की छाया’ के समान क्यों लगती थी?
(घ) नवाब साहब खीरा खाने के अपने ढंग के माध्यम से क्या दिखाना चाहते थे?
उत्तर
(क) चश्मेवाला एक देशभक्त नागरिक था। उसके हृदय में देश के वीर जवानों के प्रति सम्मान था। इसलिए लोग उसे कैप्टन कहते थे। अर्थात कैप्टन एक देशप्रेमी था, नेताजी जैसे देशभक्त के लिए उसके कम में सम्मान की भावना थी।

(ख) बालगोबिन भगत ने अपने बेटे की मृत्यु पर उसे आँगन में चटाई पर लिटाकर एक सफ़ेद कपड़े से ढक दिया। उसके ऊपर फूल एवं तुलसीदल डाल दिए तथा कबीर के पद गाने लगे। उन्होंने अपनी पुत्रवधू को भी रोने की बजाए प्रसन्न होने के लिए कहा और समझाया कि आज तो आत्मा व परमात्मा का मिलन हुआ है, यह समय रोने का नहीं, उत्सव मनाने का है।

(ग) फ़ादर बुल्के मानवीय गुणों से परिपूर्ण थे। उनके हृदय में सबके लिए कल्याण की कामना थी। वे सभी को आशीर्वाद देते थे, सबकी झोली खुशियों से भर देते थे। जिस प्रकार देवदार का विशाल वृक्ष अपनी शीतलता से दूसरों के दुख हर लेता है, उसी प्रकार फादर अपने व्यवहार से सबका दिल जीत लेते थे।

(घ) नवाब साहब खीरे से सुगंध का रसास्वादन करके तृप्त होने के अपने विचित्र ढंग के माध्यम से अपनी रईसी और नवाबी का प्रदर्शन करना चाहते थे। वे लेखक को यह भी बताना चाह रहे थे कि नवाब जैसे रईस लोग खीरा जैसी साधारण-सी खाद्य वस्तु का आनंद इसी तरह लेते हैं। इसमें उनकी दिखावा करने की प्रवृत्ति दिख रही थी।

प्रश्न 12.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर लगभग 25-30 शब्दों में लिखिए। (2 × 3 = 6)
(क) बादलों से गर्जना का आह्वान कर कवि क्या कहना चाहता है? ‘उत्साह’ कविता के आधार पर बताइए।
(ख) ‘कन्यादान’ कविता में वस्त्र और आभूषणों को शाब्दिक-भ्रम क्यों कहा गया है?
(ग) ‘मरजादा न लही’ के माध्यम से कौन-सी मर्यादा न रहने की बात की जा रही है?
उत्तर
(क) कवि बादलों से गर्जना का आह्वान कर धरती और मानव की प्यास बुझाकर उन्हें तृप्त करने तथा अपनी गर्जना में छिपी क्रांति से एक परिवर्तन लाने की बात कहते हैं।

(ख) ‘कन्यादान’ कविता में वस्त्र और आभूषणों को शाब्दिक-भ्रम इसलिए कहा गया है, क्योंकि नववधू, इनके आकर्षण में फँसकर मुग्ध हो जाती है। इसी की आड़ में ससुराल वाले उसका शोषण करते हैं।

(ग) गोपियों ने अपने प्रेम को कभी किसी के सम्मुख प्रकट नहीं किया था। वे शांत भाव से श्रीकृष्ण के लौटने की प्रतीक्षा कर रही थीं। कोई भी उनके दुख को समझ नहीं पा रहा था। वे चुप्पी लगाए अपनी मर्यादा में लिपटी हुई इस वियोग को सहन कर रही थीं कि वे श्रीकृष्ण से प्रेम करती हैं। परंतु उद्धव के योग संदेश ने उनको उनकी
मर्यादा छोड़कर बोलने पर मजबूर कर दिया अर्थात जो बात सिर्फ वे ही जानती थीं, आज सबको पता चल जाएगा।

प्रश्न 13.
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों में से किन्हीं दो प्रश्नों के उत्तर लगभग 40-50 शब्दों में लिखिए। (3 × 2 = 6)
(क) ‘माता का अँचल’ पाठ के आधार पर बताइए कि शिशु का नाम भोलानाथ कैसे पड़ा?
(ख) प्रकृति के उस अनंत और विराट स्वरूप को देखकर ‘साना-साना हाथ जोड़ि’ पाठ की लेखिका को कैसी अनुभूति होती है?
(ग) अखबार वाले सरकारी तंत्र की इच्छा के अनुकूल भी लिखते हैं और ऐसे कार्यों को छापने से बचते भी हैं जो उनको नहीं करना चाहिए? स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तर
(क) शिशु का नाम तारकेश्वर नाथ था। तारकेश्वर के पिता शिवजी के भक्त थे। उसके पिता पूजा के बाद हमेशा उसके माथे पर भभूत और तिलक लगा देते थे, लंबी जटाएँ तो पहले से ही थीं। पिता जी उसे प्यार से भोलानाथ कहते थे। फिर सभी उसे तारकेश्वर नाथ न कहकर भोलानाथ कहकर पुकारने लगे। पिता के द्वारा तारकेश्वर नाथ को दी गई वेशभूषा, रूपरेखा, तथा माथे पर तिलक को देखकर उसका नाम भोलानाथ ही पड़ गया था।

(ख) हिमालय कहीं गहरे हरे रंग का मोटा कालीन ओढे, तो कहीं हलका पीलापन लिए, तो कहीं पलस्तर उखड़ी दीवार की तरह पथरीला लग रहा था। चारों ओर सुंदर नज़ारे मन को मोहित कर रहे थे। ऐसा लगता था कि किसी ने जादू की छड़ी घुमा दी हो। प्रकृति का कण-कण बादलों की एक मोटी चादर को लपेटे हुए था। आँखों और आत्मा को सुख देने वाले हर क्षण परिवर्तित हिमालय के नज़ारे लेखिका को अभिभूत कर रहे थे।

(ग) अखबार वाले सरकारी तंत्र की प्रशंसा में तो खूब रस लेकर छोटी-सी भी बात को छापते हैं, किंतु जिस कार्य से सरकार की पोल खुलती हो, उससे या तो बचते हैं या उसमें शब्दों की हेर-फेर कर अनर्थ को अर्थवान बना प्रस्तुत करते हैं। इसी प्रकार जिंदा नाक लगाने के शर्मनाक दिन कोई अख़बार इस घटना को यथार्थ छापकर या कोई लेख लिख अपनी साहसिक और ईमानदार छवि प्रस्तुत नहीं कर सका। इस तरह अख़बार की दुनिया का सरकार से अप्रत्यक्ष रूप से घनिष्ठ संबंध बना रहता है।

(ख) बालगोबिन भगत ने अपने बेटे की मृत्यु पर उसे आँगन में चटाई पर लिटाकर एक सफ़ेद कपड़े से ढक दिया। उसके ऊपर फूल एवं तुलसीदल डाल दिए तथा कबीर के पद गाने लगे। उन्होंने अपनी पुत्रवधू को भी रोने की बजाए प्रसन्न होने के लिए कहा और समझाया कि आज तो आत्मा व परमात्मा का मिलन हुआ है, यह समय रोने का नहीं, उत्सव मनाने का है।

(ग) फ़ादर बुल्के मानवीय गुणों से परिपूर्ण थे। उनके हृदय में सबके लिए कल्याण की कामना थी। वे सभी को आशीर्वाद देते थे, सबकी झोली खुशियों से भर देते थे। जिस प्रकार देवदार का विशाल वृक्ष अपनी शीतलता से दूसरों के दुख हर लेता है, उसी प्रकार फादर अपने व्यवहार से सबका दिल जीत लेते थे।

(घ) नवाब साहब खीरे से सुगंध का रसास्वादन करके तृप्त होने के अपने विचित्र ढंग के माध्यम से अपनी रईसी और नवाबी का प्रदर्शन करना चाहते थे। वे लेखक को यह भी बताना चाह रहे थे कि नवाब जैसे रईस लोग खीरा जैसी साधारण-सी खाद्य वस्तु का आनंद इसी तरह लेते हैं। इसमें उनकी दिखावा करने की प्रवृत्ति दिख रही थी।

लेखन (अंक 20)

प्रश्न 14.
निम्नलिखित में से किसी एक विषय पर दिए गए संकेत-बिंदुओं के आधार पर लगभग 80-100 शब्दों में अनुच्छेद लिखिए। (1 × 5 = 5)
(क) वन और पर्यावरण का संबंध संकेत-बिंदु-

  • वन प्रदूषण-निवारण में सहायक
  • वनों की उपयोगिता
  • वन-संरक्षण की आवश्यकता
  • वन संरक्षण के उपाय।

(ख) कोरोना- एक वैश्विक महामारी
संकेत-बिंदु-

  • क्या है महामारी
  • आधुनिक स्वास्थ्य सुविधाओं के उपरांत भी कोई उपचार नहीं
  • बचाव और सुझाव।

(ग) अभ्यास का महत्व
संकेत-बिंदु-

  • अभ्यास का महत्व
  • ऐतिहासिक लोगों के उदाहरण
  • प्रसिद्ध कहावत
  • निष्कर्ष।

उत्तर
(क) वन और पर्यावरण का संबंध वनों से भूमि का कटाव रोका जा सकता है। वनों से रेगिस्तान का फैलाव रुकता है, सूखा कम पड़ता है। इससे ध्वनि-प्रदूषण की भयंकर समस्या से भी काफी हद तक नियंत्रण पाया जा सकता है। वन ही नदियों, झरनों और अन्य प्राकृतिक जल-स्रोतों के भंडार हैं।

वनों से हमें लकड़ी, फल, फूल, खाद्य पदार्थ, गोंद तथा अन्य सामान प्राप्त होते हैं। आज भारत में दुर्भाग्य से केवल 23% वन बचे हैं। जैसे-जैसे उद्योगों को संख्या बढ़ रही है, शहरीकरण हो रहा है, वाहनों की संख्या बढ़ती जा रही है, वैसे-वैसे वनों की आवश्यकता और बढ़ती जा रही है। वन-संरक्षण एक कठिन एवं महत्वपूर्ण काम है।

इसमें हर व्यक्ति को अपनी ज़िम्मेदारी समझनी पड़ेगी और अपना योगदान देना होगा। अपने घर-मोहल्ले, नगर में अत्यधिक संख्या में वृक्षारोपण को बढ़ाकर इसको एक आंदोलन के रूप में आगे बढ़ाना होगा। तभी हम अपने पर्यावरण को स्वच्छ रख पाएँगे।

(ख) कोरोना- एक वैश्विक महामारी आज पूरे संसार में कोरोना वायरस का आतंक फैल चूका है। आज पूरे संसार में यह एक महामारी के रूप में आ चुका है। कोरोना वायरस कई तरह के विषाणुओं यानी वायरस का एक समूह है, यह अनेक तरह के प्राणियों में रोग उत्पन्न करने की क्षमता रखता है।

यह एक व्यक्ति से पचास लोगों तक रोग फैलाने की क्षमता रखता है। इस वायरस का अभी तक कोई इलाज नहीं निकल पाया है। विश्व भर के सभी वैज्ञानिक तेज गति से इसका वैक्सीन बनाने की प्रक्रिया में लगे हैं। आने वाले समय में संभावना है कि एक से डेढ़ वर्ष के अंदर इस वायरस का वैक्सीन आ जाए।

इस वायरस से बचने के लिए हमें अपना ध्यान खुद रखना होगा। बचाव के उपाय सामाजिक दूरी बनाए रखना, पर्याप्त सुरक्षा मानक अपनाना, साबुन से नियमित रूप से हाथ धोना, वायरस संक्रमित लोगों से दूर रहना आदि हैं। बहुत भीड़ वाली जगह में नहीं जाना, अपने घरों में रहना कुछ अन्य उपाय हैं। सरकार द्वारा बनाए नियमों का पालन करना होगा। बार-बार अपने हाथ धोने होंगे, अपने हाथ नाक, मुँह में नहीं लगाने होंगे।

(ग) अभ्यास का महत्त्व
यदि निरंतर अभ्यास किया जाए, तो असाध्य को भी साधा जा सकता है। ईश्वर ने सभी मनुष्यों को बुद्धि दी है। उस बुद्धि का इस्तेमाल तथा अभ्यास करके मनुष्य कुछ भी सीख सकता है। अर्जुन तथा एकलव्य ने निरंतर अभ्यास करके धनुर्विद्या में निपुणता प्राप्त की। उसी प्रकार वरदराज ने, जो कि एक मंदबुद्धि बालक था, निरंतर अभ्यास द्वारा विद्या प्राप्त की और ग्रंथों की रचना की। उन्हीं पर एक प्रसिद्ध कहावन बनीकरत-करत अभ्यास के, जड़मति होत सुजान।

रसरि आवत जात तें, सिल पर परत निसान।। यानी जिस प्रकार रस्सी की रगड़ से कठोर पत्थर पर भी निशान बन जाते हैं, उसी प्रकार निरंतर अभ्यास से मूर्ख व्यक्ति भी विद्वान बन सकता है। यदि विद्यार्थी प्रत्येक विषय का निरंतर अभ्यास करें, तो उन्हें कोई भी विषय कठिन नहीं लगेगा और वे सरलता से उस विषय में कुशलता प्राप्त कर सकेंगे।

प्रश्न 15.
ग्रीष्मावकाश में विद्यालय में नाट्य-प्रशिक्षण शिविर आयोजित करने का अनुरोध करते हुए विद्यालय की प्रधानाचार्या को एक पत्र लगभग 80-100 शब्दों में लिखिए। (1 × 5 = 5)
अथवा
वाद-विवाद प्रतियोगिता में प्रथम आने पर मित्र को 80-100 शब्दों में बधाई पत्र लिखिए।
उत्तर
परीक्षा भवन
चन्छ०ज० शहर
दिनांक : 25 अप्रैल, 20xx
प्रधानाचार्या महोदया
ट०ठ०ड० स्कूल
नई दिल्ली।
विषय : विद्यालय में नाट्य-प्रशिक्षण शिविर के आयोजन हेतु। मान्यवर मैं आपके विद्यालय में कक्षा दसवीं का छात्र हूँ। जून में विद्यालय में ग्रीष्मावकाश होगा। इस अवकाश में हम एक नाट्य-प्रशिक्षण शिविर का आयोजन करना चाहते हैं। विद्यालय में ग्रीष्मावकाश में ‘समर कैंप’ तो लग ही रहे हैं, परंतु मेरा आपसे अनुरोध है कि एक नाट्य-प्रशिक्षण शिविर का भी आयोजन किया जाए। ताकि योग्य विद्यार्थी अपनी कला को निखार सकें। नाट्य-प्रशिक्षण के विद्यार्थी भविष्य में एक अच्छा मंच संचालक व कलाकार बन सकते हैं। सी०बी०एस०ई० ने भी नाटक को भाषा की मुख्य गतिविधि में सम्मिलित किया है। अतः आपसे हम सबका अनुरोध है कि आप इस नाट्य-प्रशिक्षण शिविर का आयोजन कराने की अनुमति दे दें।
धन्यवाद।
प्रार्थी क०ख०ग०

अथवा

परीक्षा भवन
च०छ०ज० शहर
दिनांक : 11 मार्च, 20xx
प्रिय मित्र अनिल
नमस्कार।
कल ही तुम्हारी माता जी ने मुझे फोन पर बताया कि तुम वाद-विवाद प्रतियोगिता में प्रथम आए हो। मित्र, सबसे पहले मेरी हार्दिक बधाई स्वीकार करो। इस वाद-विवाद प्रतियोगिता के लिए तुमने कितनी मेहनत व अभ्यास किया होगा, तभी तो तुमने प्रतियोगिता में प्रथम स्थान प्राप्त किया। मैं तुम्हें बचपन से ही जानता हूँ कि तुम कितने मेहनती हो। एक बार अगर तुम ठान लेते हो, तो हमेशा विजयी होते हो। तुम्हारा निरंतर अभ्यास, अथक परिश्रम आज रंग ले आया। मुझे पूर्ण विश्वास है कि तुम ऐसे ही हमेशा सफलता प्राप्त करते रहोगे। तुम्हारे माता-पिता भी तुम पर गर्व महसूस कर रहे होंगे। पत्रोत्तर की प्रतीक्षा में।
तुम्हारा मित्र
क०ख०ग०

प्रश्न 16.
पर्यावरण विभाग की ओर से जल-संरक्षण का आग्रह करते हुए लगभग 25-50 शब्दों में एक विज्ञापन तैयार कीजिए। (1 × 5 = 5)
अथवा
‘स्वच्छ भारत अभियान’ पर लगभग 25-50 शब्दों का एक विज्ञापन तैयार कीजिए।
उत्तर
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Hindi Course A Set 1 with Solutions 1
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Hindi Course A Set 1 with Solutions 2

प्रश्न 17.
दीपावली हेतु नगर निगम की और से शुभकामना संदेश 30-40 शब्दों में लिखिए। (1 × 5 = 5)
अथवा
चाचा एवं चाची जी की और से अमन को जन्मदिवस हेतु शुभकामना संदेश 30-40 शब्दों में लिखिए।
उत्तर
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Hindi Course A Set 1 with Solutions 3
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Hindi Course A Set 1 with Solutions 4

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 1 with Solutions

Students can access the CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English with Solutions and marking scheme Set 1 will help students in understanding the difficulty level of the exam.

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 1 with Solutions

Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

1. This paper is divided into two parts: A and B. All questions are compulsory.
2. Separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary. Read these instructions very carefully and follow them.
3. Do not exceed the prescribed word limit while answering the questions.

Part-A
Multiple Choice Questions (40 Marks)

Reading (20 Marks)
Question 1.
Read the passage given below. (10 Marks)
1. “Why does humanity need Superman?”, wrote Lois Lane, the reporter from the Superman series. It’s a very relevant question in our context too. Why do we need superheroes? We are all enchanted by the action sequences in superhero movies, and also by how the superhero can always save the day – and with good reasons.

2. If you’re trying to guess what it is, you can forget about powers like super-strength, laser vision, or – our personal favourite – the ability to consume any type of matter in the universe. The underlying reason we’re so enamoured of them is quite possibly the best superhero power – the way they can inspire and motivate us. From the smallest boy and girl wonders, to the oldest Captains – each superhero has had their own lesson to impart unto all of us.

3. Whether it’s Batman saving Gotham city, Superman saving humanity, or our very own Krissh saving his fellow countrymen – we need superheroes because they give us the hope and strength we need to fight the injustice we encounter today. It’s like Batman once said, “Sometimes the truth isn’t good enough. Sometimes people deserve more. Sometimes people deserve to have their faith rewarded.”

4. Yes, it’s true that we need faith today, when we know a lot tends to go wrong, whether it is with regard to terrorism, or growing crime – people need the hope and strength they get from superheroes. That’s why we need superheroes, because of how they give us a sense of right, which helps us fight the injustice happening around us. It was best summarised by Superman when he said that “There is a superhero in all of us, we just need the courage to put on the cape,” and by Batman in the Dark Knight, when he said that “You either die a hero or live long enough to see yourself become the villain.”

5. So, every time we choose to see a superhero movie, it gives us a nudge to fight the unjust with our own ideas or capabilities. Every child and adult that watches superhero movies will be motivated to rise above the injustice happening in the real world. It’s not just about the power, but also the principle.

6. You and I can also be a superhero just by helping our neighbours, and by standing against what is wrong. Whether the situation is political or apolitical, injustice can be fought with thoughts of righteousness and courage.

7. From the day we are bom, we are told that power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely, but superheroes fan our subconscious desire for greatness. They also teach us that the greatest power is the integrity that keeps us from going down the wrong path. None of us will ever leap a tall building in a single bound, change the course of a mighty river, or bend steel with our bare hands but we can always return that lost wallet with its contents intact, tell the truth when it matters, stand our ground when it’s easier to walk away and unto others as we would want them to do unto us.

On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer any ten questions from the twelve that follow. (10 × 1 = 10)
(i) Despite our age and status in life, few enigmatic qualities endear us to superheroes. Select the correct options from below:
1. Give our subconscious a desire for greatness
2. Have a lesson to bestow
3. Inspire and motivate us
4. Hive us hope to fight the bad
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer:
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

(ii) Identify the sentence where the word “bestow” has been used incorrectly.
(a) He was ever ready to take blame on himself and bestow praise on others.
(b) During the ceremony, the Prime Minister will bestow medals of honor to the brave soldiers who rescued their comrades.
(c) The king will bestow a title and land to the man who saved the princess.
(d) If you want to avoid a misunderstanding, I bestow you to consider your words before speaking.
Answer:
(d) If you want to avoid a misunderstanding, I bestow you to consider your words before speaking.

(iii) “There is a superhero in all of us, we just need the courage to put on the cape.” By this, Superman is implying that:
(a) the cape is heavy and not everyone can bear it
(b) we all have special powers
(c) the ability to fight the unjust with our own ideas or capabilities is present in all of us
(d) society needs superheroes
Answer:
(c) the ability to fight the unjust with our own ideas or capabilities is present in all of us

(iv) According to the writer, how can a common man become a superhero?
1. Bend steel, change the course of rivers
2. Stand up against injustice, return that wallet intact
3. Help around the neighbourhood
(a) Only 1
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1 and 2
Answer:
(b) 2 and 3

(v) A superpower common to all superheroes that endears them to us is:
(a) the ability to strategise.
(b) the ability to remain calm in the face of danger.
(c) the capability to motivate and inspire humans.
(d) the capability to lend a helping hand to humans.
Answer:
(c) the capability to motivate and inspire humans.

(vi) Choose the option that suits best as the title for the passage.
(a) Humans are superheroes
(b) Humanity needs Superheroes
(c) Superheroes are vital to humans’ lives
(d) Humans should help each other
Answer:
(b) Humanity needs Superheroes

(vii) What are the two things we need to fight injustice today?
(a) Superpower and superhero
(b) Truth and faith
(c) Hope and strength
(d) Hope and confidence
Answer:
(c) Hope and strength

(viii) Select the option that makes the correct use of “righteousness”, as used in the passage, to fill in the blank space.
(a) Both sides in the dispute adopted a tone of moral ……………….
(b) The newspaper reports are a ……………………. of gossip.
(c) She was confused about obligation and ……………………
(d) Cultural contexts bring ………………… in international relations.
Answer:
(a) Both sides in the dispute adopted a tone of moral ……………….

(ix) The author attempts to …………….. the readers to fight the unjust.
(a) motivate
(b) nudge
(c) rebuke
(d) put
Answer:
(b) nudge

(x) Pick the character which is not being used by the author.
(a) Batman
(b) Superman
(c) Spiderman
(d) Krissh
Answer:
(c) Spiderman

(xi) What is the central idea of the passage?
(a) Fight the injustice
(b) Superheroes are necessary
(c) Help your neighbours
(d) Save humanity
Answer:
(a) Fight the injustice

(xii) What are the two meanings of “encounter” as used in the passage?
1. Experience something unpleasant
2. To experience something unexpected
3. To affect something
4. To cover with a thin layer
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 2and 3
Answer:
(a) 1 and 2

Question 2.
Read the passage given below. (10 Marks)
A Survey Report
A total of 246 bird species were recorded during the Winter Bird Count 2019, a slight increase from last year’s count of 241. A team of over loo birds in 15 teams set out across different parts of the territory and the National Capital Region and logged a number of important and rare sightings in the region.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 1 with Solutions 1
Of the 246 species recorded this year, over 100 were winter migrants. This year’s species sighting tally was less than the 252 recorded in 2017. The birding teams covered areas like the riverine belt of the Yamuna, including Okhla sanctuary and Wazirabad, wetlands of Gautam Buddha Nagar, including Surajpur and Dhanauri, the wetlands around Gurgoan, among them Sultanpur and Basai, Najafgarh drain up to Dhasna barrage, the Aravali belt towards Mangar Bani and the neighbouring districts of Sonipat and Jhajjar.

Kanwar B Singh, coordinator of the count, described the overall diversity recorded as good with some important sightings. Singh said the similar species count of the past few years signified that most wetlands were faring fairly well. “This annual event gives us a good idea of the nature of the regional birdlife, helps collect essential data on bird diversity in the region and boosts support for the environment and nature conservation, while popularising bird-watching as a healthy pastime,” said Singh.

The white-crowned penduline-tit – a tiny wintering bird – was spotted by Pradyumna Vidwansa in Chandu village near Gurgaon after a gap of several years. Arvind Yadav, whose team sighted a Eurasian skylark at Mandothi in Jhajjar, Haryana, informed that this was a rare sighting in Haryana and NCR. “Both the Eurasian skylark and the white crowned penduline-tit have been recorded for only the third time in this region,” he said.

The birders said a few hundred greater flamingo are currently at the Najafgarh jheel.
However, this number is fewer than the arrivals in the last few years. Among the rare or uncommon waders reported by birders were the dunlin, jack snipe and Eurasian curlew. The enumerators also revealed the raptor count was higher this year when compared with the recording of the last few years.

“Various teams reported resident and wintering raptors, including crested serpent eagle, booted eagle, imperial eagle, steppe eagle, tawny eagle, greater and Indian spotted eagles, long-legged and common buzzards, marsh Harrier, Eurasian sparrow hawk, osprey, common kestrel and red-necked laggar and peregrine falcons,” said Singh. “In addition, a black eagle, which is a magnificent forest eagle that is rarely seen around Delhi, was once again reported last Sunday by the team led by Tapas Misra and Tanweer Alam.”

The count in the forested areas of the Aravallis including Mangar Bani, returned species like the white-bellied drongo, sirkeer malkoha and cinerous tit. Meanwhile, the birding team noted the presence of Brook’s leaf warbler, Siberian stonechat, common kestrel and Isabelline shrike in NCR’s woodlands and grasslands.
(Source: Times of India)

On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer any ten questions from the twelve that follow. (10 × 1 = 10)
(i) How many bird species were recorded as winter migrants this year?
(a) 246
(6)241
(c) 100
(d) over 500
Answer:
(c) 100

(ii) How many species of birds were recorded during the winter bird count in 2018?
(a) 246
(b) 241
(c) 412
(d) 252
Answer:
(b) 241

(iii) Which of the following areas was/were covered in survey by the birding teams?
(a) Wetlands of Gautam Buddha Nagar
(b) Surajpur
(c) Wetlands around Gurgaon
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

(iv) Which of the following subgroups of birds have been reported in the news articles?
(a) Waders but not raptors
(b) Both waders and raptors
(c) Neither waders nor raptors
(d) Raptors but not waders
Answer:
(b) Both waders and raptors

(v) According to Kanwar B Singh, what was the situation of most of the wetlands?
(a) Excellent
(b) Bad
(c) Good
(d) Very good
Answer:
(c) Good

(vi) Conducting events such as bird counting are crucial as these help in:
(a) reporting exclusively on the number of waders in different parts of Delhi and NCR
(b) reporting exclusively on the number of raptors in different parts of Delhi and NCR
(c) collecting essential data on bird diversity and to conserve nature
(d) identifying the place where most number of bird species are spotted
Answer:
(c) collecting essential data on bird diversity and to conserve nature

(vii) For the last few years, the number of flamingoes is:
(a) increasing
(b) decreasing
(c) the same
(d) getting bigger
Answer:
(b) decreasing

(viii) Read the statements given below:
1. Spotted and counted birds at different spots in Delhi-NCR
2. Spotted rare birds in rural areas also
3. Did a phase wise count of the birds over a period of two winter months
4. Also spotted migrant birds
5. Were focusing only on wetlands and riverine belt
Which of the combination of statements hold true for the teams engaged with the winter bird count?
(a) 2, 4 and 5
(b) 1,2 and 4
(c) 1, 4 and 5
(d) 1,2 and 3
Answer:
(b) 1,2 and 4

(ix) Which among the following birds were reported as rare waders?
(a) Eurasian curlew
(b) Dunlin
(c) Jack snipe
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these

(x) Based on your understand of the passage, choose the option that lists the birds of prey.
1. Common kestrel, peregrine falcons, Eurasian sparrow hawk
2. Flamingo, parrot, pigeon, nightingale
3. Serpent eagle, long-legged buzzards, osprey
4. Woodpecker, heron, tailorbird, peafowl, black drongo
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1 and 3
Answer:
(d) 1 and 3

(xi) Which of the statements related to the number and variety of species of birds being spotted is true?
(a) The number of species being sighted by the birders has increased gradually over the past three years and there have been rare sightings too.
(b) The number of species being sighted by the birders has decreased gradually over the past three years and there have not been any rare sightings.
(c) The number of species being sighted by the birders has increased gradually over the past three years and there have not been any rare sightings.
(d) There hasn’t been any specific trend in terms of number of species being sighted by the birders over the past three years but there have been rare sightings in the latest winter bird count.
Answer:
(d) There hasn’t been any specific trend in terms of number of species being sighted by the birders over the past three years but there have been rare sightings in the latest winter bird count.

(xii) Which of these birds are rare in NCR’?
(a) White-crowned penduline-tit
(b) Eurasian skylark
(c) Eagle
(d) Falcon
Answer:
(b) Eurasian skylark

Literature (10 Marks)
Question 3.
Read the extracts given below and attempt any one by answering the questions that follow. (5 × 1 = 5)
A. Tenth May dawned bright and clear. For the past few days I had been pleasantly besieged by dignitaries and world leaders who were coming to pay their respects before the inauguration. The inauguration would be the largest gathering ever of international leaders on South African soil. The ceremonies took place in the lovely sandstone amphitheatre formed by the Union Buildings in Pretoria. For decades this had been the seat of white supremacy, and now it was the site of rainbow gathering of different colours and nations for the installation of South Africa’s first democratic, non-racial government,

(i) Choose the option that lists the set of statements that are NOT TRUE according to the given extract.
1. On 10th May, Nelson Mandela sworn in as the first black Head of State, South Africa.
2. Before 10th May, the seat of President was occupied by the white.
3. A few international leaders came for the inauguration ceremony on 10th May.
4. ‘Bright and clear day’ refers to 10th May.
5. Anti-racist came to power without any hard struggle.
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 5
(d) 4 and 5
Answer:
(c) 3 and 5

(ii) Who among the following is the narrator of this extract?
(a) The white president of South Africa
(b) The black president of South Africa
(c) The president of United States of America
(d) A common man of South Africa
Answer:
(b) The black president of South Africa

(iii) Which word does ‘besieged’ NOT correspond to?
(a) Surrounded
(b) Crowd
(c) Requested
(d) Swarm
Answer:
(c) Requested

(iv) Pick the option that correctly classifies the facts (F) and opinions/s (O) of the students.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 1 with Solutions 2
(a) F – 1, 2 and O – 3, 4
(b) F – 2, 3 and O – 3, 4
(c) F – 1, 3 and O – 2, 4
(d) F – 3, 4 and O – 1,2
Answer:
(c) F – 1, 3 and O – 2, 4

(v) The ceremony took place in a building made of:
(a) marble
(b) sandstone
(c) bricks
(d) wood
Answer:
(b) sandstone

B. “Ga, ga, ga,” he cried begging her to bring him some food. “Gaw-col-ah,” she screamed back derisively. But he kept calling plaintively, and after a minute or so he uttered a joyful scream. His mother had picked up a piece of the fish and was flying across to him with it. He leaned out eagerly, tapping the rock with his feet, trying to get nearer to her as she flew across. But when she was just opposite to him, she halted, her wings motionless, the piece of fish in her beak almost within reach of his beak.

(i) The young seagull cried begging his mother to bring him:
(a) some good news
(b) some support
(c) some leaves
(d) some food
Answer:
(d) some food

(ii) His mother had picked up:
(a) a twig
(b) a piece of nut
(c) a piece of fish
(d) a piece of straw
Answer:
(c) a piece of fish

(iii) What made the young seagull scream in joy?
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 1 with Solutions 3
(a) Option (1)
(b) Option (2)
(c) Option (3)
(d) Option (4)
Answer:
(b) Option (2)

(iv) Why did the seagull’s mother halt?
(a) She wanted the seagull to dive for the food
(b) She was in pain
(c) She saw a hunter
(d) She wanted the seagull to move back
Answer:
(a) She wanted the seagull to dive for the food

(v) The extract uses the phrase, ‘besieged by dignitaries’. Which of the following expressions is incorrect with respect to the word ‘dignitaries’ ?
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 1 with Solutions 4
(a) Option (1)
(b) Option (2)
(c) Option (3)
(d) Option (4)
Answer:
(c) Option (3)

Question 4.
Read the extracts given below and attempt any one by answering the questions that follow. (5× 1 = 5)
A. Now the name of the little black kitten was Ink
and the little grey mouse, she called him Blink,
And the little yellow dog was sharp as Mustard,
But the dragon was a coward, and she called him Custard.

Custard the dragon had big sharp teeth,
And spikes on top of him and scales underneath,
Mouth like a fireplace, chimney for a nose,
And realio, trulio, daggers on his toes.
(i) Belinda considered every pet animal to be brave except:
(a) kitten
(b) mouse
(c) dog
(d) dragon
Answer:
(d) dragon

(ii) What is the rhyme scheme of the given stanzas?
(a) abcb; bcbc
(b) abed; abed
(c) abbe; abbe
(d) aab ;ccdd
Answer:
(d) aab ;ccdd

(iii) Which part of dragon was compared to a fire place?
(a) Eyes
(b) Mouth
(c) Nose
(d) Ears
Answer:
(b) Mouth

(iv) The word that DOES NOT indicate the bravery of the dragon is
(a) courage
(b) fearlessness
(c) weakling
(d) boldness
Answer:
(c) weakling

(v) The dragon had scales which were bony plates to protect his:
(a) mouth
(b) felt
(c) nose
(d) skin
Answer:
(d) skin

B. Did you finish your homework, Amanda?
Did you tidy your room, Amanda?
I thought I told you to clean your shoes, Amanda!

(I am an orphan, roaming the street.
I pattern soft dust with my hushed, bare feet.
The silence is golden, the freedom is sweet.)
(i) Here, Amanada’s mother is inquiring Amanda whether she has:
(a) bathed or not
(b) had lunch or not
(c) trimmed her nails or not
(d) done her homework or not
Answer:
(d) done her homework or not

(ii) The second stanza is given in brackets to show that:
(a) the speaker is very sad
(b) the speaker does want to face her mother
(c) the speaker is different than the other stanza
(d) the speaker wants to live secretly
Answer:
(c) the speaker is different than the other stanza

(iii) What is the rhyme scheme of the given stanzas?
(a) aaa; bbb
(b) abc; abc
(c) abb; cdd
(cl) aab; cdd
Answer:
(a) aaa; bbb

(iv) At this point of time, Amanda imagines herself to be:
(a) a mermaid
(b) a princess
(c) an orphan
(d) a queen
Answer:
(c) an orphan

(v) Amanda wants to play in:
(a) a clean park
(b) a clean field
(c) a garden
(d) dust with her bare feet
Answer:
(d) dust with her bare feet

Grammar (10 Marks)
Question 5.
Choose the correct options to fill in the blanks to complete the note about India  – a great nation. (3 × 1 = 3)
Freedom (i) ………………. in India. Unity in diversity is the hallmark of this country. India (ii) …………… a country in her long history. She is a giver, not a taker. She (iii) …………….. the concept of zero to the world and several other things. Undoubtedly the list is endless and
unparalleled.
(i) (a) was worshipped
(b) is worshipped
(c) has worshipped
(d) will worship
Answer:
(b) is worshipped

(ii) (a) never invaded
(b) have never invaded
(c) has never invaded
(d) will never invade
Answer:
(c) has never invaded

(iii) (a) will give
(b) was given
(C) given
(d) gave
Answer:
(d) gave

Question 6.
Choose the correct options to fill in the blanks to complete Praveen’s narration. (3 x 1 =3)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 1 with Solutions 5
I found Ashok sad. ‘When I (i) ……………… standing with scooty, he (ii) …………… he was planning to learn scooty. I was surprised and made enquiry how he could learn driving that way. Immediately he silenced my by saying that (iii) …………….. the first step of learning. He
further added that in fact, driving needs planning and practice.
(i) (a) said to him about why
(b) asked him why he was
(c) explained why he was
(d) told him about why
Answer:
(b) asked him why he was

(ii) (a) questioned that
(b) refused that
(e) suggested that
(d) replied that
Answer:
(d) replied that

(iii) (a) this was
(b) this is
(c) it has been
(d) this may be
Answer:
(a) this was

Question 7.
Fill in the blanks by choosing the correct options for any four of the six sentences given below. (4 × 1=4)
(i) My father is very busy these days. But he ……………….. find some time for you.
(a) might
(b) has to
(c) must
(d) will
Answer:
(c) must

(ii) My friends as well as I …………….. students of Laxmi Bai College.
(a) have
(b) is
(c) was
(d) were
Answer:
(d) were

(iii) ……………….. the husband and wife are elected to the Assembly.
(a) Every
(b) Both
(c) All
(d) Each
Answer:
(b) Both

(iv) I am very badly in need of a job. I ………………… if you grant me the favour.
(a) shall obliged
(b) shall be obliging
(c) shall be highly oblige
(d) shall be highly obliged
Answer:
(d) shall be highly obliged

(v) On coming back to the city I shall inform you so that you ……………. resume delivering the
paper regularly.
(a) will
(b) may
(c) can
(d) should
Answer:
(b) may

(vi) He was badly beaten by the ruffian. He lay unconscious for ……………… hour and ………………… half.
(a) a, an
(b) the, a
(c) an, a
(d) much, a
Answer:
(c) an, a

Part-B – Subjective Questions (40 Marks)

Writing (10 Marks)
Question 8.
Attempt any one of the following in 100-120 words. (5 Marks)
A.You are Sujal/Sujata of Pragya Public School, Nagal, Punjab who had arranged a trip for fifty students of Nanital in summer vacations for ten days with ‘Mount Travels and Tourism’. The arrangements done by the travel agency were far below standard. The accommodation and food facilities were inferior in quality. Write a letter of complaint to the director of the agency to stop duping tourists with false promises as it tarnishes the image of locals. (100-120 words)
Answer:
Pragya Public School
Nagal, Punjab
23rd November, 20x x
The Director
Mount Travels and Tourism
Nagal, Punjab
Sub: Inferior quality of food and accommodation
Sir
I am constrained to express my displeasure and resentment at inferior arrangements made during our tour to Nanital in summer vacations. Our tour was for ten days and arrangement made by your agency was below standard. When we came back home, most of the students fell ill and now they are unable to attend classes. During our negotiation for tour, following promises were made:
(a) Stay in good hotels (b) Food at a good restaurant
As the above promises were not fulfilled, we stayed in a lodge and were forced to eat local food. Consequently most of the students fell ill.
Certainly we are cheated by your agency. You are requested that you should not dupe local people because it tarnishes our image.

Yours sincerely
Sujal

B. India is a highly populated country. People lack in maintaining proper sanitation and hygiene as a result they suffer from various diseases. India has a serious sanitation challenge; around 60 per cent of the world’s open defecation takes place in India. Poor sanitation causes health hazards including diarrhoea, particularly in children under 5 years of age, malnutrition and deficiencies in physical development and cognitive ability. You are Nitish/Nikita, head boy/girl of Anand Public School, Jaipur. Write a letter to the editor of a national daily, highlighting the problem and suggesting practical ways to ensure public sanitation and the right to dignity and privacy. (100¬120 words)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 1 with Solutions 6
Answer:
Anand Public School
Jaipur
5th October, 20xx
The Editor
Rajasthan Patrika
Jaipur
Sub: Need for public sanitation .
Sir
Through the column of your esteemed daily I want to highlight the serious problem of sanitation. Everybody knows that India is a highly populated country. The people have no proper sanitation and hygiene facilities. Around 60 per cent of the world’s open defecation takes place in India. As a result, people suffer from various diseases. Diarrhoea, among various health hazards, is very common among the children of below five years of age. Poor sanitation also causes deficiencies in physical development and cognitive ability among people.
The government and the concerned authorities must take steps in this regard. They should put the public sanitation facilities at important places of villages, towns and cities. Besides, people should be made aware of diseases caused by open defecation. Sanitation should become our right to ensure dignity and privacy.

Yours faithfully
Nitish Head Boy

Question 9.
Attempt any one of the following in 100-120 words. (5 Marks)
A. A comparative study took place to find the number of working men and women in India. Write an analytical paragraph in 100-120 words and compare where relevant.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 1 with Solutions 7
Answer:
The bar chart indicates a comparative study between the number of working men and women in India since 2010 to 2020.
Initially, in the year 2010, the number of working women was low at 6000 which was comparatively less than the number of working men. However, in 2015, sharp rise can be seen in the number of working women and men.
Surprisingly, the year 2020 shows a significant change in the data and shows equal number of working men and women in the country.
Therefore, it is clear that there is no discrimination between the number of working men and women in India.

B. See the line graph given below. Write an analytical paragraph in 100-120 words and compare where relevant. This informs you about dropouts over forty years from college.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 English Set 1 with Solutions 8
Answer:
The given bar chart shows men and women dropped out over forty years from college. There could be various reasons to that. Between 1957 and 1997, the change was significant for male category. 20% of men dropped out from college while women who dropped out where at 40% in the year 1957.

Between 1967 and 1977, things almost turned opposite. 30% of men dropped out in 1967 while 30% of women dropped out in 1977 which was less than 1967. Almost 50% of men dropped out from college in 1987 while the dropping rate for women declined at 30% in the last part, the dropout rate of men and women parallel against each other.

Literature (30 Marks) 
Question 10.
Answer any two questions in 20-30 words each, from (A) and (B) respectively. (4 × 2 = 8)
A. (any two) (2×2 = 4)
(i) Why does Anne feel that writing in a diary is really a strange experience?
Answer:
It must be remembered that Anne Frank was just a thirteen-year-old girl. She was in the hiding and cut off from the larger world. She was hesitant that no one would be interested in the musings of a young girl. She had never written anything before. So, it was naturally a strange experience for her.

(ii) What is the general rule of this ‘world of possessions’? Why is money ‘external’?
Answer:
Getting and losing is a natural cycle. Many more boys before him bought and lost their balls. This process will go on forever. However, no amount of money can buy back the same ball that has been lost forever. Money is external and has its own limitation. Wealth can’t compensate such emotional losses such as the loss of one’s childhood days.

(iii) What was the next problem after Valli had enough money?
Answer:
After she had saved enough money, Valli had her next problem. It was how to slip out of the house without her mother’s knowledge. She solved this problem easily. Every day after lunch her mother would nap from about one to four or so. She could easily venture out on her mission.

B. (any two) (2×2 = 4)
(i) What impression did the narrator (the lawyer) form of Bill when he met him for the first time?
Answer:
The narrator found the delivery man at the station as the only ‘agreeable sight’ in Ne Mullion. The man called himself Bill and he was a hack driver. He was about forty. He looked red-faced and cheerful. He looked thick in the middle. His working clothes were dirty and worn out. His manners were pleasant and friendly. The narrator was happy to meet such a man.

(ii) Why and where did Richard Ebright send the tagged butterflies?
Answer:
At the end of the book, The Travels of Monarch X, readers were invited to help study monarch butterflies’ migration. They were asked to tag butterflies for research by Dr Urquhart. Soon, Richard Ebright was attaching light adhesive tags to the wings of monarch butterflies. He used to send them to Dr Urquhart for his research work.

(iii) Was Bishamber a suitable bridegroom for Bholi? Give your opinion.
Answer:
No, Bishamber was not at all a suitable match for Bholi. No doubt, he was rich. He had a big shop, a house of his own and thousands of rupees in the bank. But he was mean, greedy and a worthless man. When he came to know of the pock-marks on Bholi’s face, he demanded a dowry of 5000 rupees to marry her. Even the turban of Ramlal at his feet couldn’t melt his heart. Bholi did the right thing to reject him.

Question 11.
Answer any two questions in 40-50 words each, from (A) and (B) respectively. (4 × 3 = 12)
A. (any two) (2 × 3 = 6)
(i) Why would you not agree with Lencho calling them ‘a bunch of crooks’?
Answer:
Lencho was not at all justified in calling them ‘a bunch of crooks’ because they helped
him by collecting money.

(ii) Who invites the comment – “he is dressed like a pader”? Why?
Answer:
Any person who wears a half-pant which reaches just below the knees, invites the comment that he is dressed like a pader. The reason is simple. He resembles a baker who is wearing such a funny dress.

(iii) What do you think was the speaker’s attitude towards Amanda?
Answer:
The speaker is concerned about Amanda and wants to instil good habits and behaviour in her. The speaker wants her to give up bad habits and be organised in life. The speaker constantly keeps instructing her with do’s and don’ts and doesn’t want Amanda to look gloomy.

B. (any two) (2 ×3 = 6)
(i) Hari Singh is both a thief and a human being. Explain.
Answer:
No doubt Hari is a thief as well as a good human being. Situations compel a person to become either beast or remain as a human being. Even goodness and nobility of a person changes anyone’s heart and mind.

(ii) Bholi’s heart was overflowing with a ‘new hope and a new life’. What does the phrase ‘the new hope and the new life’ mean?
Answer:
It means, ‘To serve her parents in old age and tp teach the students in the same school where she had learnt so much’.

(iii) How did Mr Loisel meet the demand of a suitable costume for his wife for going to the ball?
Answer:
Matilda refused to go to the ball without having a suitable costume for the occasion. Her husband asked her to wear the dress that she wore while going to the theatre. When Matilda reacted strongly, he asked how much a suitable costume would cost. She replied that it would cost 400 francs. Mr Loisel turned pale. He had saved 400 francs to buy a gun for him to shoot larks. But he bowed down and agreed to give 400 francs to have a pretty dress.

Question 12.
Answer any one of the following in 100-120 words. (5 Marks)
A. Simple moment proves to be very significant and saves rest of the day of the poet from being wasted. Explain on the basis of the poem ‘Dust of Snow’.
Answer:
In this poem, Robert Frost praises and describes different positions of nature. Here he touches different aspects of natural sights. There are many things in nature that are not considered auspicious like – crow and hemlock. Crow is not considered a good bird. Similarly, hemlock tree is a poisonous tree and that is why it is the symbol of sadness.

When the crow shakes off the dust of snow from the hemlock tree, it falls on the poet. Thus the poet’s mood changes due to this incident. Robert Frost, in this poem, represents the crow and hemlock tree as inauspicious. But when the crow shakes off the dust of snow from the hemlock tree, it falls on the poet. It changes his dejected mood and saves the day from being spoilt.

B. Why was the whole class ‘quaking in its boots’? Why were teachers the most unpredictable creatures on earth?
Answer:
It was the day of destiny for students. The reason was quite simple. In the forthcoming meeting the teachers were going to decide who would move up in the next class. They were also to decide who would be kept back in the same class. The entire class was ‘quaking in its boots’. Half the class was making bets. Two silly boys, C.N. and Jacques had staked their entire holiday savings on their bets.

One would encourage the other. Anne felt that there were so many dummies or worthless students in the class. She felt that a quarter of the class should be kept back. Anne also felt that teachers were the most unpredictable creatures on earth. They work according to their whims. Naturally, the girls and boys were worried. They waited for the verdict with their fingers crossed.

Question 13.
Answer any one of the following in 100-120 words. (5 Marks)
A. Mrs Pumphrey thought that her dog’s recovery was a triumph of surgery. Elaborate.
Answer:
Mrs Pumphrey was worried on noticing Tricki’s listlessness, bouts of vomiting and lack of interest in food. She could not bear to see him in pain. She called on Dr Herriot who advised hospitalisation for Tricki for a fortnight. The doctor knew that the chief cause of Tricki’s ailment was overfeeding.

He was confident that by restricting the dog’s diet he would be able to make him well again. Keeping a vigilant eye on him, the doctor served him plenty of water but no food for the first two days. Tricki regained perfect health within a span of few days. According to Mrs. Pumphrey, such quick and complete cure is usually possible only after surgery, so she thought that Tricki’s recovery was a triumph of surgery.

B. People should always try to live within their means. Aspiration have no limits but one should never forget the ground realities. Elaborate on the basis of the chapter, “The Necklace”.
Answer:
Matilda was a pretty young woman. But she was a day-dreamer. Although she was bom in a poor family, yet she dreamt to have costly dresses and jewellery. She wanted to be honoured and respected like the rich. One day her husband showed her an invitation from a minister.

She emotionally forced him to buy a new and costly dress for the ball. After this, she borrowed a diamond necklace from her friend, Forestier. She enjoyed the party heartily. She danced with enthusiasm. But she lost the necklace and in this way their problems started. To replace the necklace her husband had to borrow a substantial amount on a very high rate of interest. To repay that amount, they lived in a rented house. She did all the household work by herself. Mr Loisel worked extra to earn small wages.

Thus, it is correctly said that we should always live within one’s means. Our aspirations have no limits. But we should never forget the ground realities. If Matilda had knowledge of this fact, her life would not have changed into realities.