Raju

Check the below Online Education NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 4 Extra Questions and Answers Agriculture Pdf free download. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-8-social-science/

Online Education for Agriculture Class 8 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 4

Class 8 Geography Chapter 4 Extra Questions And Answers Question 1.
What is arable land?
Answer:
The land on which the crops are grown is called arable land.

Agriculture Class 8 Extra Questions Question 2.
Mention the important inputs of agriculture.
Answer:
Seeds, fertilizers, machinery and labour.

Ncert Class 8 Geography Chapter 4 Extra Questions Question 3.
Name the operations involved in agriculture.
Answer:
Ploughing, sowing, irrigation, weeding and harvesting.

Class 8 Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture Extra Questions Question 4.
Mention the outputs of agriculture.
Answer:
Crops, wool, dairy and poultry products.

Class 8 Geography Chapter 4 Extra Questions Question 5.
On what basis can agriculture be classified.
Answer:

• Geographical conditions,
• demand of produce,
• labour,
• level of technology.

Ncert Solutions For Class 8 Geography Chapter 4 Extra Questions Question 6.
Name two major types of farming.
Answer:

1. Subsistence farming
2. Commercial farming.

Class 8 Agriculture Extra Questions Question 7.
What is subsistence farming?
Answer:
Subsistence farming is practised to meet the needs of the farmer’s family.

Agriculture Class 8 Questions And Answers Question 8.
Into which two types can subsistence farming be classified?
Answer:

1. Intensive subsistence,
2. Primitive subsistence farming.

Extra Questions For Class 8 Geography Chapter 4 Question 9.
Name the crops cultivated in intensive subsistence agriculture.
Answer:
Wheat, maize, pulses and oilseeds.

Geography Class 8 Chapter 4 Extra Questions Question 10.
Into which two types can primitive subsistence agriculture be divided?
Answer:

1. Shifting cultivation,
2. nomadic herding.

Chapter 4 Geography Class 8 Extra Questions Question 11.
In which parts of the world is shifting cultivation practised?
Answer:

• Amazon basin,
• Tropical Africa,
• Parts of South-East Asia,
• North-East India.

Class 8 Geography Ch 4 Extra Questions Question 12.
Which types of farming are included in commercial farming?
Answer:

• Commercial grain farming,
• Mixed farming,
• Plantation agriculture.

Extra Questions Of Agriculture Class 8 Question 13.
In the temperate grasslands of North America, why can only a single crop be grown?
Answer:
In the temperate grasslands of North America, only a single crop can be grown because severe winters- restrict the growing season.

Agriculture Class 8 Extra Questions And Answers Question 14.
Name two major plantations found in the tropical regions of the world.
Answer:

1. Rubber plantation in Malaysia
2. Coffee plantation in Brazil
3. Tea plantation in India and Sri Lanka.

Extra Questions On Agriculture Class 8 Question 15.
Name two important food crops, fibre crops and beverage crops.
Answer:

1. Food crops – wheat,
2. rice Fibre crops – jute,
3. cotton Beverage crops – tea, coffee.

Class 8 Geography Agriculture Extra Questions Question 16.
Name four leading producers of rice.
Answer:
China, India, Japan, Sri Lanka.

Agriculture Extra Questions Class 8 Question 17.
Name two places where two to three crops of rice are grown in a year.
Answer:

1. West Bengal,
2. Bangladesh.

Agriculture Class 8 Geography Extra Questions Question 18.
During which season is wheat grown in India?
Answer:
Winters.

Extra Questions Of Chapter 4 Geography Class 8 Question 19.
Name the leading producers of maize.
Answer:
North America, Brazil, China, Russia, Canada, India and Mexico.

Class 8 Chapter 4 Geography Extra Questions Question 20.
In which countries is cotton grown as a major crop?
Answer:
China, USA, India, Pakistan, Brazil and Egypt.

Question 21.
Which countries produce best quality tea in the world?
Answer:
Kenya, India, China, Sri Lanka.

Question 22.
What are primary activities? Give examples.
Answer:
Primary activities include all those activities connected with extraction and production of natural resources. For example, agriculture, fishing, gathering etc.

Question 23.
What are secondary activities? Give examples.
Answer:
Secondary activities are concerned with the processing of natural resources. For example, manufacturing of steel, weaving of cloth etc.

Question 24.
What are tertiary activities? Give examples.
Answer:
Tertiary activities provide support to the primary and secondary sectors through services. For example, trade, banking, insurance etc.

Question 25.
In which parts of the world is nomadic herding practised?
Answer:
Nomadic herding is practised in the following regions –

• Semi-arid and arid regions of Sahara.
• Central Asia.
• Rajasthan and Jammu and Kashmir in India.

Question 26.
Write the main features of commercial farming?
Answer:
Main features of commercial farming are:

• Crops are grown and animals are reared for sale in the market.
• The area cultivated and the amount of capital used is large.
• Most of the work is done by machines.

Question 27.
What is mixed farming? In which parts of the world is it practised?
Answer:

• In the mixed farming, the land is used for growing food and fodder crops and rearing livestock.
• It is practised in Europe, Eastern USA, Argentina, Southeast Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.

Question 28.
Why do is development of a transport network essential for plantation farming?
Answer:
Development of a transport network is essential for plantation farming because the produce is processed on the farm itself or in nearby factories.

Question 29.
Mention the geographical requirements for the cultivation of rice.
Answer:

• It is mainly grown in tropical and sub-tropical regions.
• Rice needs high temperature, high humidity and rainfall.
• It grows well in alluvial clayey soil.

Question 30.
Write the geographical requirements for wheat cultivation.
Answer:

• Wheat requires moderate temperature and rainfall during growing season and bright sunshine at the time of harvest.
• It thrives best in well-drained loamy soil.

Question 31.
Mention the geographical conditions required for maize cultivation.
Answer:

• Maize requires moderate temperature.
• It also needs well-drained fertile soils.

Question 32.
Write the geographical conditions required for cotton.
Answer:

• Cotton requires high temperature, light rainfall, two hundred and ten frost-free days and bright sunshine.
• It grows best on black and alluvial soils.

Question 33.
Mention the geographical conditions required for coffee cultivation.
Answer:

• Coffee requires warm and wet climate and well-drained loamy soil.
• Hill slopes are more suitable for the growth of this crop.

Question 34.
What is agricultural development? Also, write its ultimate aim.
Answer:

• Agricultural development refers to the efforts made to increase farm production in order to meet the growing demand of increasing population.
• Its ultimate aim is to increase food security.

Question 35.
How can farm production be increased?
Or
How can the ultimate aim of agricultural development be increased?
Answer:
Farm production can be increased in the following ways –

• Increasing the cropped area.
• The number of crops grown.
• Improving irrigation facilities.
• Use of fertilizers and high yielding variety of seeds.

Question 36.
On the outline map of India show the following places. Coffee producing state.
Answer:
Coffee producing state

Question 37.
What is sericulture? Name the factors influencing agriculture?
Answer:
Commercial rearing of silkworms is called sericulture. Factors influencing agriculture are as follows :

• Favourable topography
• Soil
• Climate.

Question 38.
Write the main features of intensive subsistence agriculture.
Answer:

• The farmer cultivates a small plot of land using simple tools and more labour.
• Climate with large number of days with sunshine and fertile soil permit growing of more than one crop annually on the same field.
• Major crops grown are rice, wheat, maize, pulses etc.
• Intensive subsistence agriculture is practised in thickly populated areas of the monsoon regions of South, South-East and East Asia.

Question 39.
Write the main features of nomadic herding.
Answer:

• Herdsmen move from place to place with their animals in search of fodder and water.
• Herders have to move from one place to another due to climatic constraints and terrain.
• Sheep, camel, cattle, yak and goats are the most commonly reared.
• Animals provide milk, meat, wool, hides and other products to herders and their families.

Question 40.
Describe the regions where commercial grain farming is practised.
Answer:

• Commercial grain farming is practised in the temperate grasslands of North America, Europe and Asia.
• These regions are sparsely populated with large farms spreading over hundreds of hectares.
• Due to severe winters, only a single crop can be grown.

Question 41.
Write a short note on millets.
Answer:

• Millets are also known as coarse grains and can be grown on less fertile and sandy soils.
• It is a hardy crop that needs low rainfall and high to moderate temperature and adequate rainfall.
• Millets are grown in India, Nigeria, China and Niger.

Question 42.
Write the geographical condi¬tions required for the cultivation of tea.
Answer:

• Tea requires cool climate and well-distributed high rainfall throughout the year for the growth of its tender leaves.
• It needs well-drained loamy soils and gentle slopes.
• Large number of labour is required to pick the leaves.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. ………………………….. is not a tertiary activity.
(a) Trade
(b) Manufacturing
(c) Transport
(d) Banking.
Answer:
(b) Manufacturing

2. Tick the odd pair in the following.
(a) Pisciculture – breeding of fish.
(b) Viticulture – cultivation of grapes.
(c) Horticulture – rearing livestock.
(d) Sericulture – rearing of silkworms.
Answer:
(c) Horticulture – rearing livestock.

3. Organic manure and natural pesticides are used instead of chemicals in this type of farming. What is it called?
(a) Subsistence farming
(b) Shifting cultivation
(c) Mixed farming
(d) Organic farming.
Answer:
(d) Organic farming.

4. Which of the following crops needs high temperature, high humidity, fertile soil and good rainfall?
(a) Rice
(b) Wheat
(b) Cotton
(d) Millets
Answer:
(a) Rice

5. Which of the following pairs is not correct?
(a) Tea – beverage
(b) Jute – Golden Fibre
(c) Wheat – corn
(d) Millets – coarse grains
Answer:
(c) Wheat – corn

Glossary:

→ Primary activities – They include activities connected with extraction and production of natural resources.

→ Secondary activities – These activities are concerned with the processing of natural resources.

→ Tertiary activities – These activities provide support to the primary and secondary sectors through services.

→ Sericulture – Commercial rearing of silkworms.

→ Viticulture – Cultivation of grapes.

→ Pisciculture – Breeding of fish in specially constructed tanks and ponds.

→ Horticulture – Growing vegetables, flowers and fruits for commercial use.

→ Agriculture – The science and art of cultivation on the soil, raising crops and rearing livestock.

→ Subsistence farming- This type of farming is practised to meet the needs of farmer’s family.

→ Nomadic herding – The herdsmen move from one place to another in search of fodder and water.

→ Commercial farming- The crops are grown and animals are reared for sale in the market.

→ Mixed farming – The land is used for growing food and fodder crops and rearing livestock.

→ Organic farming – The use of organic manure and natural pesticides instead of chemicals is known as organic farming.

→ Agricultural development – It refers to efforts made to increase farm production in order to meet the growing demand of increasing population.

Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science

Here we are providing Online Education for Class 7 History Chapter 10 Extra Questions and Answers Eighteenth-Century Political Formations was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-7-social-science/

Online Education for Eighteenth-Century Political Formations Class 7 Extra Questions History Chapter 10

Class 7 History Chapter 10 Extra Questions And Answers Question 1.
Which Afghan ruler invaded North India five times?
Answer:
The Afghan ruler Ahmad Shah Abdali invaded North India five times between 1748 and 1761.

Eighteenth Century Political Formation Class 7 Extra Questions Question 2.
Which new states were old Mughal provinces?
Answer:
The new states of Awadh, Bengal and Hyderabad were old Mughal provinces.

Class 7 History Ch 10 Extra Questions Question 3.
Where did Maharaja Ranjit Singh establish his rule?
Answer:
Maharaja Ranjit Singh established his rule between river Indus to the Jamuna. His capital was Lahore.

Chapter 10 History Class 7 Extra Questions Question 4.
Name two well-known Jat kings.
Answer:
The two well-known Jat kings were Suraj Mai of the kingdom of Bharatpur and his son Jawahir Singh.

Ncert Class 7 History Chapter 10 Extra Questions Question 5.
Who was the leader of Jats?
Answer:
Churaman was the leader of Jats. He dominated the region between the cities of Delhi and Agra.

Class 7 History Chapter 10 Extra Questions Question 6.
Name the governors of Awadh, Bengal and Hyderabad.
Answer:
Saadat Khan, Murshid Quli Khan and Asaf Jah were the governors of Awadh, Bengal and Hyderabad respectively.

Eighteenth Century Political Formations Extra Questions Question 7.
Who were revenue farmers?
Answer:
In the state of Awadh, revenue farmers were local bankers and Mahajans who were highest bidders for the right to collect tax. These revenue farmers agreed to pay the state a fixed sum of money.

Class 7 History Chapter 10 Questions And Answers Question 8.
Where did Banda Bahadur establish Sikh rule?
Answer:
Banda Bahadur established Sikh rule between the Sutlej and the Jamuna rivers.

Ch 10 History Class 7 Extra Questions Question 9.
After Shivaji’s death who led Marathas?
Answer:
After Shivaji’s death, effective power in the Maratha state was wielded by a family of Chitpavan Brahmanas, who served Shivaji’s successors as Peshwa (or principal minister).

Extra Questions For Class 7 History Chapter 10 Question 10.
Name some Maratha chiefs.
Answer:
Sindhia of Gwalior, Gaekwad of Baroda, Bhonsle of Nagpur and Holkar of Indore were a few powerful Maratha chiefs.

Class 7 History 18th Century Political Formations Extra Questions Question 11.
Which taxes were collected by Maratha king?
Answer:
The Maratha king collected the taxes of Chauth and Sardeshmukhi in the entire region that he captured from Mughal emperors.

Extra Questions Of Chapter 10 History Class 7 Question 12.
How did administrative system break down under weak successors of Aurangzeb?
Answer:

• The weak successors of Aurangzeb could not keep vigil- on their powerful man sabdars.
• Nobles appointed as governors often controlled the offices of revenue and military administration.
• This gave them extraordinary political, economic and military powers over vast regions of the Mughal empire. In this way, the Mughal administrative- system declined under the weak successors of Aurangzeb.

Eighteenth Century Political Formation Extra Questions Question 13.
Why did peasants and zamindars of North India rebel against Mughal emperor?
Answer:

• The revolts of peasants and zamindars were caused by the pressures of mounting taxes.
• Due to challenges to the. emperor’s authority, nobles became outrageous and increased taxes on land or produce.
• This was a big trouble to the peasants who were unable to pay increased taxes. Thus, they rebelled.

History Chapter 10 Class 7 Extra Questions Question 14.
How did the Nawab of Awadh decrease Mughal influence in the Awadh?
Answer:

• The Nawab of Awadh reduced the number of officeholders (jagirdars) appointed by the Mughals.
• He also reduced the size of jagirs and appointed his own loyal servants to vacant positions.
• The accounts of jagirdars were checked to prevent cheating and the revenues of all districts were reassessed by officials appointed by the Nawab’s court.
• He seized a number of Rajput Zamindari and the agriculturally lands of the Afghans of Rohilkhand.
  Thus, the Nawab of Awadh decreased Mughal influence in the Awadh.

Class 7th History Chapter 10 Extra Questions Question 15.
What were the commercial achievements of Marathas?
Answer:

• The cities of Ujjain and Indore under Marathas were large, prosperous and functioned as important commercial and cultural centres.
• New trade routes emerged within the areas controlled by Marathas.
• The silk produced in the Chanderi region now found a new outlet in Poona, the Maratha capital.
• Burhanpur, which had earlier participated in the trade between Agra and Surat now expanded its hinterland to include Poona and Nagpur in the south and Lucknow and Allahabad in the east.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. Which Afghan ruler invaded North India five times?
(a) Al-Idrisi
(b) Babur
(c) Ahmad Shah Abdali
(d) Muhammad Ghori.
Answer:
(c) Ahmad Shah Abdali.

2. Name the two groups in which Mughal nobility was divided.
(a) Iranis and Taranis
(b) Rajputs and Muslims
(c) Rajputs and Marathas
(d) Large landowners and man sabdars.
Answer:
(a) Iranis and Taranis.

3. Which of the following were old Mughal provinces?
(a) Awadh
(b) Bengal
(c) Hyderabad
(d) All of these.
Answer:
(d) All of these.

4. Where did Maharaja Ranjit Singh establish his kingdom?
(a) Between river Indus and the Krishna
(b) Between river Indus and the Jamuna
(c) Between river Jamuna and Kosi
(d) Between river Ganga and Godavari.
Answer:
(b) Between river Indus and the Jamuna.

5. Which one of the following was the capital of Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s kingdom?
(a) Amritsar
(b) Peshawar
(c) Lahore
(d) Delhi.
Answer:
(c) Lahore.

6. Which of the following are the well- known Jat kings?
(a) Suraj Mai
(b) Jawahir Singh
(c) Todar Mai
(d) Both (a) and (b).
Answer:
(d) Both (a) and (b).

7. Who was the leader of Jats?
(a) Churaman
(b) Shivaji
(c) Banda Bahadur
(d) Maharaja Ranjit Singh.
Answer:
(a) Churaman.

8. When did the Khalsa declare their sovereign rule?
(a) 1655
(b) 1765
(c) 1785
(d) 1795.
Answer:
(b) 1765.

9. Which one of the following refers to the system, Rakhi?
(a) Offering protection to women
(b) Offering protection to Hindu lower castes
(c) Offering protection to cultivators on the payment of a tax of 20% of the produce
(d) A group of religious preachers.
Answer:
(c) Offering protection to cultivators on the payment of a tax of 20% of the produce.

10. In which leadership did Khalsa rise in revolt against the Mughal authority in the early eighteenth century?
(a) Maharaja Ranjit Singh
(b) Banda Bahadur
(c) Guru Nanak
(d) Guru Angad
Answer:
(b) Banda Bahadur.

Important Years Or Periods:

1699 – Institution of Khalsa was established.

1707 – Aurangzeb died.

1708 – Guru Gobind Singh died.

1713 – Mughal Emperor Jahandar Shah renewed the offices of Raja Jai Singh and Raja Ajit Singh.

1715-16 – Banda Bahadur was captured and executed.

1722 – Burhan-ul-Mulk Sa’adat Khan was appointed Subadar of Awadh.

1737 – Marathas raided Delhi.

1739 – Nadir Shah invaded and captured Delhi.

1761 – Illrd Battle of Panipat.

1765 – Khalsa declared their sovereign rule by striking their own coin.

1799 – Maharaja Ranjit Singh reunited misls and established his capital at Lahore.

Important Terms:

→ Chauth: 25 per cent of the land revenue claimed by zamindars. In the Deccan, this was collected by the Marathas.

→ Sardeshmukhi: 9-10 per cent of the land revenue paid to the head revenue collector in the Deccan.

Extra Questions for Class 7 Social Science

Online Education for Climate Class 9 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 4

Question 1.
Point out the two main characteristics of the tropical climate.
Answer:

1. Relatively high temperature almost through the year.
2. Relatively dry winters.

Question 2.
Name the monsoon winds causing heavy rains along the Tamil Nadu Cost.
Answer:
The Retreating South-West Monsoon.

Question 3.
Give two examples of equal climate.
Answer:

1. Mumbai,
2. Bangalore.

Question 4.
Name two places in India with an extreme climate.
Answer:

1. Jaisalmer,
2. Drass.

Question 5.
From which month the retreating south-west monsoon season in India begin ?
Answer:
October.

Question 6.
Which are the rainy months in the Tamil Nadu Coast?
Answer:

• October,
• November.

Question 7.
What are ‘Jet streams’?
Answer:
Jet streams’ are the fast blowing winds of a steady velocity. These winds move in a narrow zone of the upper atmosphere.

Question 8.
How many seasons can be recognised in India? Give their names.
Answer:
In India mainly four seasons can be recognised. These are:

• Cold weather season
• Hot weather season
• Monsoon season
• Retreating monsoon season.

Question 9.
What is meant b.y the term ‘loo’?
Answer:
‘Lop’ is a type of local wind which blow in the north-western part of India. This is a very hot and dry wind.

Question 10.
Which place in India record the highest rainfall in the world?
Answer:
Mawsyngram, located on tire crest of the southern range of Khasi hills receives die highest average annual rainfall in the world.

Question 11.
Name the four months in which India receives the bulk of rainfall.
Answer:

1. June,
2. July,
3. August,
4. September.

Question 12.
What are the ‘retreating monsoons’?
Answer:
The term ‘retreating monsoons’ indicates the reversal of the southwest monsoons which begin to withdraw from the. Northern plains by the beginning of October.

Question 13.
Which part of India experiences the highest range of temperature in a day ?
Answer:
North-western part of India particularly the desert area of Rajas then experiences the highest range of temperature in a day.

Question 14.
What are the major factors influencing the climate of India?
Answer:
The major factors influencing the climate of India are the following:

Question 15.
Name the states of the eastern coast. frequently having tropical cyclones.
Answer:

• Andhra Pradesh,
• Tamil Nadu.

Question 16.
Name the states which are affected by ‘Kal Baisakhi’.
Answer:

• Assam,
• West Bengal.

Question 17.
What is associated in the ‘break’ or ‘burst’ of the monsoon ?
Answer:
Lightening and violent thunder.

Question 18.
What is the main ‘reason of heavy rainfall in the north-eastern states ?
Answer:
The main reason of the heavy rainfall in the north-eastern states are the south western monsoons arising from the Bay of Bengal. These directly strike the north-eastern hills of north-eastern states.

Question 19.
Why do the western slopes of the Western Ghats receive more rainfall?
Answer:
The branch of the south-western monsoon which arise from the Arabian Sea strike the western slopes of the Western Ghats and cause rainfall more than 2500 millimetres.

Question 20.
Point out the variation of the precipitation in India.
Answer:
The precipitation in India varies from over 400 cm in Meghalaya to less than 10 cm in Ladakh.

Question 21.
What is meant by the rain shadow?
Answer:
The rain shadow is meant by the area which is the side, of the mountain not. getting enough rain. The winds after crossing the summits of the mountains descend along the slopes on the other side of the mountains. While descending they get warmed up and become dry.

There is one more reason that the moist winds do not cross over the other side of die mountains which are too high as in the case of the Himalayas which also render Tibet a dry region. This dry side of the mountain is called the leeward side and the rainless area on the leeward side is known as the rain shadow.

Question 22.
Discuss the reason why do the south-west monsoons give less rain in Tamil Nadu
Or
Why Chennai is dry even when it is raining heavily on the Malabar Coast in the month of July?
Or
Give the reasons why south-west. monsoons are less rainy in Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
Following are the reasons which cause Chennai keeping dry even when its raining heavily on the Malabar Coast in the month of July.

The Malabar Coast lies on the Western Ghats while Tamil Nadu or Chennai lies on the Eastern Ghats. In, the month of July when the monsoons arise from the Arabian sea and ‘first of all strike against the Western Ghats it rains heavily on the Malabar Coast.

Hence while leaving the Western Ghats these monsoons get almost deprived of their moisture. By the time they reach the Eastern ghats after covering a long distance, they cannot provide much-needed rain.

Question 23.
What is meant by the annual range of temperature?
Answer:
The annual range of temperature is meant by the difference between the maximum and the minimum temperature of a particular place within a particular period of time.’

Question 24.
What kina climate is in Thiruvananthapuram?
Answer:
Thiruvananthapuram has an equal kind of climate; not, very cold or hot. the main reason for its equal climate is that it is situated on the seashore. Sea always keeps this place with a moderate climate. Again this place is situated on a hill. Heise it remains free from the hot climate of the temperate zone:

Question 25.
Why do the southwesterly winds cause rain in India?
Answer:
During the months of June- September, the South-West monsoon blow northward from the Arabian SeS and Bay of Bengal. These southwest winds cause rainfall almost in the whole of the northern India. These southwest monsoons blow from the oceanic high-pressure areas towards the low-pressure areas of land so they make heavy rainfall.

Question 26.
Discuss the distribution of precipitation in the country and the consequences of its uneven distribution.
Answer:
The distribution of precipitation in India is quite uneven:

• Annual rainfall over 300, cm is received by the parts of western coast and north-eastern India. While western Rajsathan and. the adjoining parts of Gujrat, Haryana and Punjab receive rainfall even less than 50 cm.
• The interior of the Deccan Plateau or the east of the Sahyadris also receives low rainfall.
• The third area of low precipitation is around Leh in Kashmir.
• Rest of the country receives moderate rainfall.
• Himalayas region receives snowfall too.

Question 27.
What are the main characteristics of Arabian Sea branch of the monsoon?
Answer:
The Arabian Sea branch of Monsoon’ strikes the Western Ghats and causes heavy- rains in Konkan and Malabar. It becomes comparatively dry when it reaches the Deccan Plateau and Madhya Pradesh. The branch of the Arabian Sea Monsoon passes over West Rajasthan and the Aravalli Hills.

Question 28.
What is the reason that the rainfall decreases while going upward in the Ganga Valley but increases while going up the Indus. Valley?
or
How would you prove that the rainfall decreases while going eastward from West Bengal to Punjab?
Answer:
The monsoons rise both from the Bay of Bengal as well as from the Arabian Sea. The monsoons arriving from the Bay of Bengal cause heavy rainfall in the Brahmaputra Valley. Then because of the Himalayas, they take a Western turn and move up the Ganga Valley.

Here as they proceed westwards, become drier and drier and cause less and less rairi moving forward. It is the reason that Kolkata receives rainfall about 120cm, Patna 100, Allahabad 15 cm and Delhi about 56′ cm. Thus, moving upward the rainfall definitely decreases. It is the reason why Punjab gets less rain than West Bengal.

Question 29.
Discuss the factors controlling die Indian weather conditions.
Answer:
The main factors controlling the Indian weather conditions are the following:
1. Atmospheric Pressure: A big part of India lies in the area of north-east trade winds which are devoid of moisture and do not give fain. This is the reason that India has a quite long arid land. But the whole country is not arid.

During summer, the land of India gets heated more than its water parts. Because of this the low-pressure areas, develop over the interior vast landmass of Asia and high-pressure areas develop over the Indian ocean in the south: As the air moves from the high-pressure area to low pressure areas, the moisture-laden winds of the sea blow towards the landmass of Asia including India. These moisture-laden winds cause widespread rains in India in the summer season.

2. Upper Air Circulation: When the jet streams move eastwards, the Tibetan Highlands bifurcate them into two branches. The southern branch blow south of the Himalayas. This branch exercises an important effect on the winter weather in India.

3. Tropical Cyclones: The jet streams are attracted towards the. tropical depression in summer weather. These depressions attract the rain-bearing monsoons towards them and help in distribution of the monsoon rainfall over a large part of India.

4. The Western Disturbances: These are brought by the jet currents. When these disturbances enter India from west and north-west during winter they cause some rain in north-western parts of India. In the summer season, these jet currents move northwards and give place to an easterly jet stream which flow Over north India along 25°N.

Question 30.
Give an account of the hot weather season in India.
Answer:
It is a well-known fact that due to. apparent northward movement of the sun, the global heat belt shifts northward. Because of this fact from March to May, it is hot weather season in India. In March the highest day temperatures come around 38°C. This temperature is found in the Deccan Plateau. The temperature reaches around 42°C in Gujrat and Madhya Pradesh by April.

In fact temperatures, around 48°C are commonly found in the north-western part of the country in May. In peninsular India, these temperatures reveal the moderating influence of the Ocean.
The summer months experience rising temperature and falling air pressure in the northern part of the country.
A striking feature of the hot weather, season is the loo. The loo is meant by the strong, hot dry winds blowing during day over northern and northwestern India.

Sometimes they even continue until late in the evening. Direct exposure to these winds may even prove to be fatal. Dust storms are very common during the month of May in northern India. These storms bring temporary relief as they lower the temperature and may bring light rain and cool breeze.

This is also the season for localised thunderstorms, associated with violent winds, torrential downpours, often accompanied by hail. In West Bengal, these storms are known as the ‘Kaal Baisakhi: Towards the dose of the summer seasons, pre-monsoon showers are common especially, in Kerala and Karnataka. They help in the early ripening of mangoes, and are often referred to as ‘mango showers’.

Objective Type Questions

1. Put (✓) before the correct sentences and (✗) before the incorrect sentences.

(i) There are variations in the form and type of precipitation.
Answer:
(✓)

(ii) An easterly jet stream takes its place and flows over northern India along 25°N.
Answer:
(✓)

(iii) The annual precipitation varies from over 400 cm in Meghalaya to less than 10 cm in Ladakh and Western Rajasthan.
Answer:
(✓)

(iv) Coastal areas experience more contrast in temperature conditions.
Answer:
(✗)

(v) The climate of a place is determined by the interplay of various factors.
Answer:
(✓)

(vi) The pattern of air circulation is very different at the higher level of the atmosphere.
Answer:
(✓)

(vii) Trade winds originate from the subtropical high-pressure belts of the Northern Hemisphere.
Answer:
(✓)

2. Fill up the blanks in the following sentences with suitable words :

(i) The phenomenon of the monsoon is very………………. .
Answer:
old,

(ii) During ………………………………. there is a high-pressure area in north of the Himalayas.
Answer:
winter,

(iii) The Tibetan ……………………………….act as a barrier for the westerly jet stream and it gets bifurcated.
Answer:
Highland,

(iv) The ………………………………. areas do not experience much variation in temperature.
Answer:
coastal,

(v) Due to apparent northward movement of the sun, the ………………………………. heat belt shifts northward.
Answer:
global,

(vi) By early Tune, the ………………………………. pressure conditions over the north-western plains get further intensified.
Answer:
low.

3. Find out the correct sentences among the given ones

(i) Winds. blow from high-pressure areas to the low-pressure areas.
(ii) Monsoon is confined only to the tropical lands lying between 20°N and 20°S.
(iii) During winter, there is a high-pressure area south of the Himalayas.
(iv) Port Darwin is in the Northern Territory of Australia.
(v) The meteorological department of India makes a long term prediction of the monsoons likely behaviour on the basis of 16 parameters.
Answer:
Correct Sentences—(ii), (iv), (v).

4. Match List I with List II:

List I (Cities)	List-II (Rainfall)
(i) Kolkota	120
(ii) Patna	56
(iii) Allahabad	102
(iv) Delhi	91

Answer:

List –I (Cities)	List-II (Rainfall)
(i) Kolkata	120 cm
(ii) Patna	102 cm
(iii) Allahabad	91 cm
(iv) Delhi	56 cm.

5. Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below:

(i) The following is an example of extreme climate:
(a) Mumbai
(b) Chennai
(c) Kolkata
(d) Jaisalmer.
Answer:
(d) Jaisalmer.

(ii) The following is an example of the equable climate:
(a) Delhi
(b) Banglore
(c) Jaipur
(d) Lucknow
Answer:
(b) Banglore

(iii) Where do the cyclones depression originate?
(a) In Rajasthan
(b) In Arabian Sea.
(c) In Andaman Sea
(d) In Madhya Pradesh
Answer:
(c) In Andaman Sea

(iv) Where do the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal branch of the monsoon merge in the Ganga plains?
(a) northwestern part
(b) northeastern part
(c) south-western part
(d) south-eastern part
Answer:
(a) northwestern part

(v) “El Nind” is a word from the following language:
(a) English
(b) French
(c) Spanish
(d) German
Answer:
(c) Spanish.

Extra Questions for Class 9 Social Science

Here we are providing Online Education for Class 6 Civics Chapter 7 Extra Questions and Answers Urban Administration was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-6-social-science/

Online Education for Urban Administration Class 6 Extra Questions Civics Chapter 7

I. Answer the following questions in about 30 words each. Each question earriestwoniarks.

Urban Administration Class 6 Extra Questions Question 1.
How is a city different from the village?
Answer:
A city is much bigger than a village and more spread opt It has crowded markets, many cars and buses, water and electrical facilities, traffic control ana hospitals. The village may or may not have some of these facilities. In the milage we can see bullock carts, agricultural fields and grazing areas for the animals.

Class 6 Civics Chapter 7 Extra Questions Question 2.
What is the difference between a Municipal Corporation and a Municipal Council?
Answer:
The Municipal Corporations work in big cities and Municipal Councils work in small towns.

Urban Administration Class 6 Worksheet With Answers Question 3.
How are the members of the Municipal Corporation elected?
Answer:
The members of the Municipal Corporation are elected by the people. The city is divided into different wards and ward councillors get elected by the people.

Urban Administration Class 6 Question Answers Question 4.
Who implements the decisions of the Municipal Corporation?
Answer:
The Municipal Commissioner and the administrative staff implement these issues. The Commissioner and the administrative staff are..appointed by the state government. He is always a civil servant and is appointed by the state government.

Extra Questions Of Urban Administration Class 6 Question 5.
Why did the Municipal Corporation suggest to sort the garbage?
Answer:
When the people sort out their garbage, it helps the Municipal Corporation to keep the streets clean.

Urban Administration Class 6 Question 6.
What is a tax?
Answer:
A tax is a sum of money that people pay to the government for the services the government provides.

Class 6 Urban Administration Extra Questions Question 7.
What is a property tax?
Answer:
People who own homes pay property tax. The larger the house the more the taxes.

Ncert Class 6 Civics Chapter 7 Urban Administration Extra Questions Question 8.
Explain the term ‘privatisation’.
Answer:
This means that the work that was earlier being done by government workers is now being done by a private company.

Class 6 Civics Ch 7 Extra Questions Question 9.
Why have the Municipalities hired private contractors to collect and process garbage?
Answer:
The contract workers are paid less and their job is temporary.

Urban Administration Extra Questions Question 10.
Why is the collection of garbage a dangerous job?
Answer:
Collection of garbage is a dangerous job because the contract workers do not have any access to safety measures and are not taken care of if they are injured while working.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The Municipal Corporation belongs to :
(a) a small city
(b) a big city
(c) a small village
(d) a big village
Answer:
(b) a big city

2. Which one of the following refers to the Municipal’ Council?
(а) An organisation in a small town that takes care of street lights, garbage collection, water supply, etc.
(b) An organisation in a big city that takes care of street lights, water supply, etc.
(c) An advisory committee to the District Magistrate
(d) An administrative body at the village level.
Answer:
(а) An organisation in a small town that takes care of street lights, garbage collection, water supply, etc.

3. Who decide on issues in Municipal Corporation?
(а) The Councillors Committees
(b) The Councillors
(c) The member of the Gram Sabha
(d) Both (a) and (b).
Answer:
(d) Both (a) and (b).

4. Who implements the decisions in the Municipal Corporation?
(a) The Commissioner
(b) The administrative staff
(c) Members of the Panchayat Samiti
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer:
(d) Both (a) and (b)

5. Who are the appointed staff in the Municipal Corporation?
(a) The Councillors
(b) The Commissioner
(c) The administrative staff
(d) Both (b) and (c)
Answer:
(d) Both (b) and (c)

6. Which one of the following refers to a tax?
(a) A sum of money that people pay to the government as donation.
(b) A sum of money that people pay to the government for the services provided by the government
(c) A sum of money that people have to give as dowry
(d) Government’s monetary assistance to the farmers.
Answer:
(b) A sum of money that people pay to the government for the services provided by the government

7. Which of the following departments is under the Municipal Corporation?
(a) The Water Department
(b) The Sanitation Department
(c) A department to look after gardens
(d) All the above.
Answer:
(d) All the above.

8. Which one of the following refers to subcontracting?
(а) The work done by government workers
(b) The work that was earlier being done by government workers is now being done by a private company
(c) The work done by very big contractors’
(d) The work done by small contractors
Answer:
(b) The work that was earlier being done by government workers is now being done by a private company.

Extra Questions for Class 6 Social Science

Check the below Online Education NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 10 Economics Chapter 3 Extra Questions and Answers Money and Credit Pdf free download. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-10-social-science/

Online Education for Money and Credit Class 10 Extra Questions Economics Chapter 3

Money And Credit Class 10 Extra Questions Question 1.
Who issues currency in India?
Answer:
The Reserve Bank of India issues currency in India.

Money And Credit Extra Questions Question 2.
Mention the form of modem currency
Answer:
Usually, there are two forms of modem currency. Those are (a) paper currency, (b) coins.

Class 10 Economics Chapter 3 Extra Questions Question 3.
What is Money Supply?
Answer:
Money supply refers to total money in circulation in any country at a given point of time.

Money And Credit Class 10 Important Questions Question 4.
What is paper money? What is its use?
Answer:
Money made of paper is called paper money. It is easy to carry

Money And Credit Class 10 Questions And Answers Question 5.
What do you know about Muhammad Yunns?
Answer:
Muhammad Yunus founded the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh. He got Nobel Peace prize in 2006.

Extra Questions For Class 10 Economics Chapter 3 Question 6.
What do you mean by a bank?
Answer:
A bank is an institution which deals with the transaction of money and credit.

Extra Questions Of Money And Credit Class 10 Question 7.
What is a commercial bank?
Answer:
A commercial bank is a financial institution which deals with money and credit with a view to earn profit.

Class 10 Economics Chapter 3 Extra Questions And Answers Question 8.
What is credit control?
Answer:
Credit control is the regulation of credit by the RBI for achieving certain objectives like price stability, growth and exchange rate stab ill ty.

Extra Questions Of Chapter Money And Credit Class 10 Question 9.
Define moral suasion?
Answer:
Moral suasion means persuasion, request and appeal by the RBI to the member-banks so to expand and control credit.

Class 10 Eco Ch 3 Extra Questions Question 10.
What eliminates the need for double coincidence wants?
Answer:
Money eliminates the double coincidence of wants.

Chapter 3 Economics Class 10 Extra Questions Question 11.
What is called the medium of exchange?
Answer:
Money as an intermediate in the exchange process is rightly called the medium of exchange.

Ch 3 Economics Class 10 Extra Questions Question 12.
How do we deposit money in the bank?
Answer:
We deposit money in the bank by opening an account. the money so deposited in the bank is credited to our account.

Class 10 Economics Ch 3 Extra Questions Question 13.
What will happen if all the depositors ask for their money from the bank?
Answer:
The bank will have to seek deposits from other sources or will have to ask its borrowers to give back the money.

Ncert Class 10 Economics Chapter 3 Extra Questions Question 14.
Explain the meaning of the collateral?
Answer:
Collateral is an asset the borrower owns (such as to land, livestock, building etc.) and uses this as a guarantee a lender until the loan is paid.

Economics Chapter 3 Class 10 Extra Questions Question 15.
What do you mean by terms of credit?
Answer:
Interest rate, collateral and documentation requirements, and the mode of repayment etc. comprise what is called th.e terms of Credit.

Question 16.
Explain how money acts as a medium of exchange?
Answer:
Money has a significant role in helping exchange or commodities. We sell our products in return to get money. We buy products by giving money for the products we want. Money acts as the intermediate, and thus eliminates the need of the double coincidence of wants.

Question 17.
Why rupee is used, in India, as a medium of exchange?
Answer:
As per law, it is only the Reserve Bank of India which issues paper notes. We find rupee as a paper note. No individual has been authorised to issue rupees in the form of paper currency Law recognises the use of rupees as a medium of making payment. It is used in settling transactions in India. No individual in India can legally refuse a payment made in rupees.

Question 18.
Why do the cheques constitute money- in the modem currency?
Answer:
We buy products by making payment through cash.

Question 19.
Give briefly the functions of money.
Answer:
Money, in the form of cash or cheques, is a medium of exchange. Its functions, briefly, are:

• it acts as a medium of exchange,
• it acts as a measure of value;
• it is source of store of value;
• it helps us transfer value;
• it acts as a standard for deferred payments.

Question 20.
Differentiate between demand deposits and fixed deposits
Answer:
Demand deposits can be written down from the bank without any notice; fixed deposits are withdrawn only at the time of maturity. Demand deposits are chequable; fixed deposits are not chequable. Demand deposit constitute a part of money supply while the fixed deposits come under the category of near money.

Question 21.
Why are demand deposits considered as money?
Answer:
M.Salim will write a cheque in the name of a person from whom he buys on a products. Then he will write the specific amount both in words and figures. On the right top of the cheque, he will specify the date, and down below in the right, he will sign the cheque.

Salim’s balance in his bank account decreases and Prem’s balance increases.

As the deposits in the bank can be withdrawn on demand, they act as money. One can issue a cheque and ask for money against one’s deposits in the bank. If you do not have deposits in the bank, you can not withdraw money. Supposing, Salim continues to get orders from traders. What would be his position after 6 years.

Question 22.
What are the reasons that make Swapna’s situation so risky? Discuss the following factors pesticides role of moneylenders; climate.
Answer:

• Salim is a small trader. He wants to buy stock so to sell it at the time of festival in the following month.
• The risk is that if he does not get credit, he would not able to buy stock and shall not earn profit.
• Salim was able to obtain credit from the bank against some security. He got the loan, had bought the stocks and earning profit when he sold the stock.

Salim would be able to make profit year after year his business will expand.

Swapna took loan from the moneylender and paid a higher rate of interest. But what she bought for her farming expenses, she did not obtain the desired result. Unfortunately, her crop failed. She was caught up in debit. She had to pay to the moneylender a high amount in the form of interesct.

Question 23.
Why should the people deposit money with bank
Answer:
People hold money as deposit with the bank. At a point of time, people need only some currency for their day-to-day needs. For instance, workers who receive their salaries at the end of each month have extra cash at the beginning of the month.

They deposit it with the banks by opening a bank account in their name. Banks accept the deposits and also pay an interest rate on the deposits. In this way people’s money is safe with the banks and it earns an interest. People also have the provision to withdraw the money as and when they require. Since the deposits in the bank accounts can be withdrawn on demand, these deposits are called demand deposits.

Demand deposits offer another interesting facility. It is this facility which lends it the essential characteristics of money (that of a medium of exchange). One would like to make payments by cheques instead of cash. For payment through cheque, the payer who has an account with the bank makes out a cheque for a specific amount. A cheque is a paper instructing the bank to pay a specific amount from the person’s account to the person in whose name the cheque has been made.

Question 24.
What does the bank do with the deposits it has?
Answer:
Banks has the deposits from the people. It keeps only a small proportion of their deposits as cash with themselves. For example, banks in India these days hold about 15 per cent of their deposits as cash. This is kept as provision to pay the depositors who might come to withdraw money from the bank on any day. Since, on any particular day, only some of its many depositors come to withdraw cash, the bank is able to manage with this cash.

Banks use the major portion of the deposits to extend loans. There is a huge demand for loans for various economic activities banks make use of the deposits to meet the loan requirement of the people. In this way, banks mediate between those who a surplus funds (the depositors) and those who are in need these funds (the borrowers). Banks charge a higher interest rate on loans than what they offer on deposits. The difference between what is charge from borrowers and what is paid to depositors is their main source of income.

Question 25.
What do you mean by terms of credit? Why do the lender aks for collateral against loan?
Answer:
Interest rate, collateral and documentation requirements, and the mode of repayment together comprise what is called the terms of credit. The terms of credit vary substantially from one another. Every loan agreement specific an interest which the borrower must pay me lender along with the repayment of the principal.

In addition, lenders may demand collateral (i.e. security against loan). Collateral is an asset that the borrower own, such as land, building, vehicle, livestock, deposits with the bank and uses this as guarantee to a lender until the loan is refunded. If the borrower fails to repay the loan, the lender has the right to sell the asset or collateral to obtain repayment payment such as land titles, deposits with banks livestock are some common examples of collateral used for borrowing.

Question 26.
What are formal and informal sector loans? Who supervises the functioning of formal sources of loans and how?
Answer:
Various types of loans can be grouped as formal sector loans and informal sector loans. Banks and cooperatives are examples of formal sector loans whereas informal sector loans include loans from money lenders, traders, employers, relatives and friends. The chart here refers to sources of credit for Rural Households in India in 2003.
Sources of Credit for Rural Households in India in 2003.

The Reserve Bank of India supervises the functioning of formal sources of loans. For instance, the banks maintain a minimum cash balance out of the deposits they receive. The RBI monitor that the banks actually maintain the cash balance. Similarly, the RBI sees that the banks give loans not just to profit-make into business and traders but also to small cultivators, small scale industries, to small borrowers etc. Periodically, banks have to submit information to the RBI on how much they are lending to whom, at what interest rate, etc.

Question 27.
Write a note on ‘Self Help Group’.
Answer:
In recent years, people have tried out some newer ways of providing loans to the poor. The idea is to organise rural poor, in particular women, into small Self Help Groups (SHGs) and pool (collect) their savings. A typical SHG has 15-20 members, usually belonging to one neighbourhood, who meet and save Regularly. Saving per member varies from ₹ 25 to ₹ 100 or more, depending on the ability of the people to save.

Members can take small loans from the group itself to meet their needs. The group charges interest on these loans but this is still less than what the moneylender charges. After a year or two, if the group is regular in savings, it becomes eligible for availing loan from the bank.

The SHGs help borrowers overcome the problem of lack of collateral. They can get timely loans for a variety of purposes and at a reasonable interest rate. Moreover, SHGs are the building blocks of organisation of the rural poor. Not only does it help women to become financially self-reliant, but the regular meetings of the group also provide a platform to discuss and act on a variety of social issues such as health, nutrition, domestic violence, etc.

Objectives Type Questions

1. Fil in the blanks with appropriate words

Question 1.
The Reserve Bank of India issue ………………….. currency.
Answer:
paper.

Question 2.
Banks are the ………………….. sources of credit.
Answer:
formal.

Question 3.
Money is an ………………….. of exchange.
Answer:
instrument.

Question 4.
………………….. are important in giving loans to the poorer.
Answer:
SHGs.

2. Choose the most appropriate answer:

Question 1.
The following eliminates the need for double coincidence of wants:
(a) barter
(b) money
(c) bank
(d) none of these
Answer:
(b) money

Question 2.
Money provides a medium of the following :
(a) Production
(b) consumption
(c) exchange
(d) Distribution.
Answer:
(c) exchange

Question 3.
Cheque is an instruction to the following
(a) Borrower
(b) Lender
(c) Bank
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(c) Bank.

Extra Questions for Class 10 Social Science