Prasanna – Page 315

Dissolution of a Partnership Firm Class 12 Important Questions Accountancy Chapter 5

April 13, 2022

Here we are providing Online Education for Class 12 Accountancy Important Extra Questions and Answers Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm. Accountancy Class 12 Important Questions and Answers are the best resource for students which helps in class 12 board exams.

Online Education for Class 12 Accountancy Chapter 5 Important Extra Questions Dissolution of a Partnership Firm

Dissolution of a Partnership Firm Important Extra Questions Very Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Differentiate between Dissolution of Partnership and Dissolution of a Partnership Firm on the basis of ‘Court’s Intervention’. (CBSE Delhi 2019)
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 1

Question 2.
State any two situations when a partnership firm can be compulsorily dissolved. (CBSE Delhi 2019)
Answer:
A firm is compulsorily dissolved in the following cases: (Any two)

When all the partners or all but one partner become insolvent.
When the business of the firm becomes illegal.

Question 3.
Distinguish between ‘Reconstitution of Partnership’ and ‘Dissolution of Partnership Firm’ on the basis of ‘Closure of books’.
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 2

Question 4.
State the basis of calculating the amount of profit payable to the legal representative of a deceased partner in the year of death. (CBSE Outside Delhi 2019)
Answer:
Profit may be estimated

On the basis of last year’s the profit/Average profits of last given no. of years
On the basis of Turnover/Sales.

Question 5.
State any two grounds on the basis of which the court may order for the dissolution of the partnership firm. (CBSE Outside Delhi 2019)
Answer:
At the suit of a partner, the court may order a partnership firm to be dissolved on any of the following grounds:

when a partner becomes insane;
when a partner becomes permanently incapable of performing his duties as a partner.

Question 6.
State any two situations when a partnership firm can be compulsorily dissolved. (CBSE Outside Delhi 2019)
Answer:
A firm is compulsorily dissolved in the following-cases:

When all the partners or all but one partner become insolvent.
When the business of the firm becomes illegal.

Question 7.
State any two contingencies that may result into dissolution of a partnership firm.(CBSE Outside Delhi 2019)
Answer:
Contingencies that may result into dissolution of a partnership firm: .

If the firm is constituted for a fixed term, on the expiry of that term
If constituted to carry out one or more ventures, on the completion of the venture.

Question 8.
State the order of payment of the following, in case of dissolution of the partnership firm.
(i) to each partner proportionately what is due to him/her from the firm for advances as distinguished from capital (i.e. partner’ loan);
(ii) to each partner proportionately what is due to him on account of capital; and
(iii) for the debts of the firm to the third parties; (CBSE Sample Paper 2019-20)
Answer:
(iii) for the debts of the firm to the third parties;
(i) to each partner proportionately what is due to him/her from the firm for advances as distinguished from capital (i.e. partner’ loan);
(ii) to each partner proportionately what is due to him on account of capital

Question 9.
A and B are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2 Mrs. B has given a loan of ₹ 40,000 to the firm and A has also given a loan of ₹ 80,000 to the firm. The firm was dissolved and its assets realised ₹ 60,000.
State the order of payment of Mrs. B’s loan and A’s loan assuming that there was no other third party liability – of the firm.
Answer:
Order of payment:
First, the third party loan i.e. Mrs. B’s loan will be paid.
The Partner’s loan i.e. A’s loan will be paid.

Question 10.
A B and C are partners in a firm. On April 1, 2013, A and B were declared insolvent by a court. Will the partnership firm be treated as dissolved?
Answer:
Yes.

Question 11.
Mohan and Kanwar are partners in a firm. Their firm was dissolved on 1.1.2013. Mohan was assigned the work of dissolution. For this work, Mohan was paid ₹ 500. Mohan paid dissolution expenses of₹ 400 from his own pocket. Will any Journal Entry be passed for ₹ 400 paid by Mohan?
Answer:
No.

Question 12.
A firm has investment fluctuation fund of ₹ 10,000. It does not have investments on its Balance Sheet at the time of its dissolution. In which account(s), amount of investments fluctuation fund be transferred?
Answer:
In Partners’ Capital Accounts.

Question 13.
Why is cash balance not transferred to Realisation Account on the dissolution of a partnership firm?
Answer:
Cash is a liquid asset.

Question 14.
A firm was dissolved on April 1, 2013. The assets side of its Balance Sheet has furniture of ₹ 2,500 whereas on the liabilities side, creditors appeared for ₹ 4,000.-Half of the creditors took half of the furniture at 10% discount and the remaining creditors were paid at 10% premium. What journal entries are required?
Answer:
No journal entry will be passed for the first half of the creditors but for the remaining creditors, entry will be:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 3

Question 15.
Should intangible assets be treated in the manner of treatment of tangible assets at the time of dissolution of a partnership firm?
Answer:
Yes.

Question 16.
In case of dissolution of a firm which liabilities are to be paid first?(CBSE 2011 Compartment Delhi)
Answer:
Debts of third parties.

Question 17.
In case of dissolution of a firm, which item on the liabilities side is to be paid last? (CBSE 2011 Compartment Delhi)
Answer:
Partners’ capital.

Question 18.
A firm has furniture of₹ 6,000 which was taken over by a creditor of₹ 5,000 in full settlement of his claim. Mention whether any journal entry will be passed for this. If yes, pass the journal entry.
Answer:
No, journal entry will be passed.

Question 19.
Creditors of ₹ 50,000 took over stock at agreed value of₹ 45,000 and balance Was paid to him. Pass the journal entry for this transaction.
Answer:
The Journal entry will be:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 4

Question 20.
Drawers of bills payable ₹ 25,000 took over furniture at agreed value of₹ 29,000 and paid the excess value. Pass journal entry for this transaction.
Answer:
The Journal entry will be:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 5

Question 21.
Land and Building (book value) ₹ 1,60,000 sold for ₹ 3,00,000 through a broker who charged 2% commission on the deal. Journalise the transaction, at the time of dissolution of the firm. (CBSE Sample Paper 2018-19)
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 6

Question 22.
State any one occasion for the dissolution of the firm on court’s orders when a partner becomes. (Compt. Delhi 2017)
Answer:
Partner becomes permanently incapable of performing his duties as a partner.

Question 23.
Name the asset that is not transferred to the debit side of Realisation account, but brings certain amount of cash against its disposal at the time of dissolution of the firm. (CBSE Delhi 2014)
Answer:
Unrecorded assets

Question 24.
Ram and Shyam formed partnership at will. Ram gave a notice on January 1, 2013 to dissolve the firm. Can partnership firm be dissolved even without consent of Shyam? Give reason.
Answer:
Yes.

Dissolution of a Partnership Firm Important Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Ankit, Bobby and Kartik were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio 4:3:3. The firm was dissolved on 31-3-2018. Pass the necessary Journal entries for the following transactions after various assets (other than cash and bank) and third party liabilities had been transferred to Realisation Account:
(i) The firm had stock of ₹ 80,000. Ankit took over 50% of the stock at a discount of 20% while the remaining stock was sold off at a profit of 30% on cost.
(ii) A liability under a suit for damages included in creditors was settled at ₹ 32,000 as against only ₹ 13,000 provided in the books. Total creditors of the firm were ₹ 50,000.
(iii) Bobby’s sister’s loan of ₹ 20,000 was paid off along with interest of ₹ 2,000.
(iv) Kartik’s Loan of₹ 12,000 was settled at ₹ 12,500. (CBSE Delhi 2019)
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 7

Question 2.
State any two contingencies that may result into dissolution of a partnership firm. (CBSE Delhi 2019)
Answer:
Contingencies that may result into dissolution of a partnership firm: (Any two)

If the firm is constituted for a fixed term, on the expiry of that term.
If constituted to carry out one or more ventures, on the completion of the venture.

Question 3.
The firm of Manjeet, Sujeet and Jagjeet was dissolved on 31st March, 2018. It was agreed that Sujeet will take care of the dissolution related activities and will get 10% of the value of assets realised. Sujeet agreed to bear the realisation expenses. Assets realised ₹ 10,00,750 and realisation expenses were ₹90,000, which were paid from the firm’s cash. ₹4,50,000 were paid to the creditors in full settlement of their claim.
Pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions in the books of the firm.
(CBSE Outside Delhi 2019)
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 8

Question 4.
The firm of R, K and S was dissolved on 31.3.2019. Pass necessary journal entries for the following after various assets (other than cash and Bank) and the third party liabilities had been transferred to realisation account.
(i) K agreed to pay off his wife’s loan of ₹ 6,000.
(if) Total Creditors of the firm were ₹ 40,000. Creditors worth ₹ 10,000 were given a piece of furniture costing ₹8,000 in full and final settlement. Remaining creditors allowed a discount of 10%.
(iii) A machine that was not recorded in the books was taken over by K at ₹ 3,000 whereas its expected value was ₹ 5,000.
(iv) The firm had a debit balance of ₹ 15,000 in the profit and loss A/c on the date of dissolution.
(‘CBSE Sample Paper 2019-20)
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 9

Question 5.
Ravi and Mukesh were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses equally. On 31st March, 2019 their firm was dissolved. On the date of dissolution their Balance Sheet showed stock of ₹ 60,000 and creditors of ₹ 70,000. After transferring stock and creditors to realisation account the following transaction took place:
(i) Ravi took over 40% of total stock at 20% discount.
(ii) 30% of total stock was taken over by creditors of₹ 20,000 in full settlement.
(iii) Remaining stock was sold for cash at a profit of 25%.
(iv) Remaining creditors were paid in cash at a discount of 10%.
Pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions in the book of the firm. (CBSE Compt. 2019)
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 11

Question 6.
Singh and Jain were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 7. On 31st March, 2019 their firm was dissolved. On the date of dissolution the Balance Sheet showed stock of ₹ 90,000 and creditors of₹ 1,00,000. After transferring the assets (other than cash in hand and cash at bank) and third party liabilities to realisation account the following transactions took place:
(i) Singh took over 50% of the total stock at 10% discount.
(if) 20% of the total stock was taken over by creditors of₹ 20,000 in full settlement.
(iii) Remaining stock was sold for cash at 10% loss.
(iv) Remaining creditors were paid by cheque at a discount of 5%.
Pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions in the books of the firm. (CBSE Compt. 2019)
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 12

Question 7.
The book value of assets (other than cash and bank) transferred to Realisation Account is ₹ 1,00,000. 50% of the assets are taken over by a partner Atul, at a discount of 20%. 40% of the remaining assets are sold at a profit of 30% on cost; 5% of the balance being obsolete, realised nothing and remaining assets are handed over to a creditor, in full settlement of his claim. You are required to record the journal entries for realisation of assets.
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 13

Question 8.
A and B who were sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:1 respectively decide to dissolved the firm on March 31, 2014 at which date some of the balances were as follows:
A’s capital ₹ 2,00,000, B’s capital ₹ 20,000 (debit balance). Profit and Loss A/c ₹ 16,000 (debit balance! Trade Creditors ₹ 60,000, Loan from Mrs. A ₹ 20,000, Cash at Bank ₹ 4,000.
Assets (other than cash at bank) realised ₹ 1,10,000 and all creditors were paid off less 5% discount. Realisation expenses amounted to ₹ 1,000. Prepare Memorandum Balance sheet.
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 15

Question 9.
Journalise the following transactions regarding realisation expenses:
(a) Realisation expenses amounted to ₹ 2,500.
(b) Realisation expenses amounting to ₹ 3,000 were paid by Ashok, one of the partners.
(c) Realisation expenses ₹ 2,300 borne by Tarun, personally.
(d) Amit, a partner was appointed to realise the assets, at a cost of ₹ 4,000. The actual amount of realisation amounted to ₹ 3,000.
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 16

Question 10.
L and M were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2 : 3. On 28.2.2016 the firm was dissolved. After transferring assets (other than cash) and outsider’s liabilities to realisation account you are given the following information:
(i) A creditor of ₹ 1,40,000 accepted building valued at ₹ 1,80,000 and paid to the firm ₹ 40,000.
(ii) A second creditor for ₹ 30,000 accepted machinery valued at ₹ 28,000 in full settlement of his claim.
(iii) A third creditor amounting to ₹ 70,000 accepted ₹ 30,000 in cash and investments of the book value of ₹ 45,000 in full settlement of his claim.
(iv) Loss on dissolution was ₹ 4,000.
Pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions in the books of firm assuming that all payments were made by cheque. (CBSE Outside Delhi 2016)
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 17

Dissolution of a Partnership Firm Important Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
A, B and C were partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2 : 2 : 1. Their Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2018 was as follows :
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 18
On the above date they dissolved the firm and following amounts were realised :
Fixed Assets ₹ 6,75,000; Stock ₹ 3,39,000; Debtors ₹ 1,35,000; Creditors were paid ₹ 1,85,000 in full settlement of their claim. Expenses on Realisation amounted to ₹ 19,000.
Pass the necessary journal entries on the dissolution of the firm.
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 19

Question 2.
Pradeep and Rajesh were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2. They decided to dissolve their partnership firm on 31st March, 2018. Pradeep was deputed to realize the assets and to pay off the liabilities. He was paid ₹ 1,000 as commission for his services. The financial position of the firm on 31st March, 2018 was as follows:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 21
Following terms and conditions were agreed upon:
(i) Pradeep agreed to pay off his wife’s loan.
(ii) Half of the debtor’s realized ₹ 12,000 and remaining debtors were used to pay off 25% of the creditors.
(iii) Investment sold to Rajesh for ₹ 27,000
(iv) Building realized ₹ 1,52,000
(v) Remaining creditors were to be paid after two months, they were paid immediately at 10% p.a. discount
(vi) Bill receivables were settled at a loss of ₹ 1,400
(vii) Realization expenses amounted to ₹ 2,500
Prepare Realization Account. (CBSE Sample Paper 2018-19)
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 22

Question 3.
Parth and Shivika were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2. The Balance Sheet of the firm on 31st March, 2014 was as follows:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 23
On the above date the firm was dissolved. The assets were realized and the liabilities were paid off as follows:
(a) 50 % of the furniture was taken over by Parth at 20% less than book value. The remaining furniture was sold for ₹ 1,05,000.
(b) Debtors realised ₹ 26,000.
(c) Stock was taken over by Shivika for 29,000.
(d) Shivika’s sister’s loan was paid off along with an interest of ₹ 2,000.
(e) Expenses on realisation amounted to ₹ 5,000.
Prepare Realisation Acount, Partners’ Capital Accounts and Bank Account. (Compartment Delhi 2015)
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 24

Question 4.
Bora, Singh and Ibrahim were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 5 :3 :1. On 2-3-2015 their firm was dissolved. The assets were realized and the liabilities were paid off. Given below are the Realisation Account, Partners’ Capital Accounts and Bank Account of the firm. The accountant of the firm left a few amounts unposted in these accounts. You are required to complete these accounts by posting the correct amounts.
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 26

Answer:

Question 5.
Ashish and Neha were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio 4:3. They decided to dissolve the firm on 1st May 2014. From the information given below, complete Realisation A/c, Partner’s Capital Accounts and Bank A/c:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 30

Answer:

Question 6.
Give journal entries for the following transactions:
1. To record the realisation of various assets and liabilities.
2. A firm has a stock of₹ 1,60,000. Aziz, a partner took over 50% of the stock at a discount of 20%.
3. Remaining stock was sold at a profit of 30% on cost.
4. Land and Building (book value ₹ 1,60,000) sold for ₹ 3,00,000 through a broker who charged 2%, commission on the deal.
5. Plant and Machinery (book value ₹ 60,000) was handed over to a creditor at an agreed valuation of 10% less than the book value.
6. Investment whose face value was ₹ 4,000 was realised at 50%.
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 34

Question 7.
Record necessary journal entries to record the following unrecorded assets and liabilities in the books of Paras and Priya:
1. There was an old furniture in the firm which had been written-off completely in the books. This was sold for ₹ 3,000.
2. Ashish, an old customer whose account for ₹ 1,000 was written-off as bad in the previous year, paid 60% of die amount
3. Paras agreed to takeover the firm’s goodwill (not recorded in the books of the firm), at a valuation of ₹ 30,000.
4. There was an old typewriter which had been written off completely from the books. It was estimated to realize ₹ 400. It was taken away by Priya at an estimated price less 25%.
5. There were 100 shares of ₹ 10 each in Star Limited acquired at a cost of ₹ 2,000 which had been written-off completely from die books. These shares are valued @ ₹ 6 each and divided among the partners in their profit sharing ratio.
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 36

Question 8.
What journal entries would be recorded for the following transactions on die dissolution of a firm after various assets (other than cash) and the third party liabilities have been transferred to Realisation account₹
1. Arti took over die stock worth ₹ 80,000 at ₹ 68,000.
2. There was unrecorded bike of₹ 40,000 which was taken over By Mr. Karim.
3. The firm paid ₹ 40,000 as compensation to employees.
4. Sundry creditors amounting to ₹ 36,000 were settled at a discount of 15%.
5. Loss on realisation ₹ 42,000 was to be distributed between Arti and Karim in the ratio of 3:4.
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 37

Question 9.
E, F and G were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2 : 2 : 1. On March 31,2017, their firm was dissolved. On the date of dissolution, the Balance Sheet of the firm was as follows:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 38
F was appointed to undertake the process of dissolution for which he was allowed a remuneration of ₹ 5,000. F agreed to bear the dissolution expenses. Assets realized as follows:
(i) The Land & Building was sold for ₹ 1,08,900.
(ii) Furniture was sold at 25% of book value.
(iii) Machinery was sold as scrap for ₹ 9,000.
(iv) All the Debtors were realized at full value.
Creditors were payable on an average of 3 months from the date of dissolution. On discharging the Creditors on the date of dissolution, they allowed a discount of 5%.
Pass necessary Journal entries for dissolution in the books of the firm. (CBSE Sample Paper 2017-18)
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 39

Question 10.
Give the necessary journal entries for the following transactions on dissolution of the firm of Aman and Rajat on 31 st March, 2016, after the transfer of various assets (other than cash) and the third party liabilities to Realisation Account. They shared profits and losses in the ratio of 2 : 1.
(а) There was a bill of exchange of ₹ 10,000 under discount. The bill was received from Derek who became insolvent.
(b) Bills payable of ₹ 30,000 falling due on 30th April, 2016 were discharged at ₹ 29,550.
(c) Creditors of ₹ 30,000 took over stock of ₹ 10,000 at 10% discount and the balance was paid to them in cash.
(d) There was an old typewriter which had been written off completely. It was estimated to realize ₹ 600. It was taken away by Rajat at 25% less than the estimated price.
(e) Aman agreed to take over the responsibility of completing dissolution at an agreed remuneration of ₹ 1,000 and to bear all realization expenses. Actual realisation expenses ₹ 800 were paid by the firm.
(f) Loss on realization was ₹ 54,000.
Answer:
Class 12 Accountancy Important Questions Chapter 5 Dissolution of a Partnership Firm 41

Online Education for विमानयानं रचयाम Summary Notes Class 6 Sanskrit Chapter 13

April 13, 2022

By going through these Online Education CBSE Class 6 Sanskrit Notes Chapter 13 विमानयानं रचयाम Summary, Notes, word meanings, translation in Hindi, students can recall all the concepts quickly.

Online Education for Class 6 Sanskrit Chapter 13 विमानयानं रचयाम Summary Notes

विमानयानं रचयाम पाठ का परिचय

इस पाठ में बच्चों के मन की विशाल कल्पना का दिग्दर्शन कराया गया है। साथ ही उनके मन में छिपी हुई सुन्दरता और परोपकार की तरफ भी संकेत किया गया है। बच्चे अपने मन की कल्पना को साकार रूप देने में किस प्रकार संलग्न हो सकते हैं। उसका भी निर्देश दिया गया है।

विमानयानं रचयाम Summary

इस पाठ में चार पद्य हैं। प्रथम श्लोक में कहा गया है कि आओ हम विमान की रचना करें और आकाश में स्वच्छन्द होकर घूमें। द्वितीय श्लोक में कहा गया है कि हम ऊँचे-ऊँचे वृक्षों और भवनों को लाँघकर आकाश में छलाँग लगाएँ। हिमालय पर्वत को भी पार करके चन्द्रमा पर कदम रखें। तृतीय श्लोक में बताया है कि हम सूर्य आदि ग्रहों को गिनकर तथा तारों से एक हार बनाएँ। चतुर्थ श्लोक में कहा है कि हम बादलों की कतार को लेकर लौटें और पृथ्वी पर आकर दीन दुःखियों की सहायता करें। इस कविता में कवि के उदात्त विचार अभिव्यक्त हैं।

विमानयानं रचयाम Word Meanings Translation in Hindi

(क) राघव! माधव! सीते! ललिते!
विमानयानं रचयाम।
नीले गगने विपुले विमले
वायुविहारं करवाम॥

शब्दार्थाः (Word Meanings) :
ललिते!-हे ललिता (oh Lalita), विमानयानम्-हवाई जहाज़ को (aeroplane), रचयाम-बनाएँ (should make), गगने-आकाश में (in sky), विपुले-बहुत अधिक (विस्तृत) (expansive), विमले-स्वच्छ (में) (clear), वायुविहारम्-वायु में भ्रमण (flying in the sky), करवाम-करें (should do)।

सरलार्थ :
हे राघव! हे माधव! हे सीता! हे ललिता!
(हम सब) विमान (हवाई जहाज़) बनाएँ।
बहुत विस्तृत स्वच्छ नीले आकाश में
वायु विहार (भ्रमण) करें।।

(ख) उन्नतवृक्षं तुङ्ग भवनं
क्रान्त्वाकाशं खलु याम।
कृत्वा हिमवन्तं सोपानं
चन्दिरलोकं प्रविशाम॥

शब्दार्थाः (Word Meanings) :
उन्नतवृक्षम्-ऊँचे वृक्ष को (high tree), तुङ्गभवनम्-ऊँचे भवन को (high buildings), क्रान्त्वा -पार करके (crossing over), खलु-निश्चय से (surely), याम-जाएँ (should go), कृत्वा-करके (do), हिमवन्तम्-बर्फ को (की) (snow made), सोपानम्-सीढ़ी को (ladder), चन्दिरलोकम्-चन्द्रलोक में (को) (moonland), प्रविशाम-प्रवेश करें (should enter)।

सरलार्थ :
ऊँचे वृक्ष, ऊँचे मकान को निश्चय से पार करके आकाश में जाएँ। बर्फ की सीढ़ी बना करके चन्द्रलोक में प्रवेश करें।

(ग) शुक्रश्चन्द्रः सूर्यो गुरुरिति
ग्रहान् हि सर्वान् गणयाम।
विविधाः सुन्दरताराश्चित्वा
मौक्तिकहारं रचयाम॥

शब्दार्थाः (Word Meanings):
गुरु:-गुरु (बृहस्पति) (Jupiter), इति-इत्यादि (आदि) (et cetera), ग्रहान्-ग्रहों को (planets), गणयाम-गिर्ने (should count), विविधाः-अनेक (many), सुन्दरतारा:-सुन्दर तारों को (lovely stars), चित्वा-चुनकर (by picking up), मौक्तिकहारम्-मोतियों के हार को (pearl neckless), रचयाम-बनाएँ (should make)। सरलार्थ : (हम) शुक्र, चन्द्र, सूर्य और गुरु आदि सभी ग्रहों को निश्चय से गिने। अनेक सुन्दर तारे चुनकर मोतियों के हार बनाएँ।

(घ) अम्बुदमालाम् अम्बरभूषाम्
आदायैव हि प्रतियाम।
दुःखित-पीडित-कृषिकजनानां
गृहेषु हर्षे जनयाम॥

शब्दार्थाः (Word Meanings):
अम्बुदमालाम्-बादलों की पंक्तियों को (cloud-garland), अम्बरभूषाम्-आकाश की शोभा को (beauty of sky), आदाय-लेकर (taking), हि-निश्चय से (surely), प्रतियाम-वापस लौटें (should return), दुःखित-दुखी (दुख से युक्त) (sad), पीड़ित-पीड़ा से युक्त (victim), कृषिकजनानाम्-किसानों के (farmers’), गृहेषु-घरों में (in houses), हर्षम्-प्रसन्नता को (in happiness), जनयाम-उत्पन्न करें (should create)।

सरलार्थ :
(हम) निश्चय से बादलों की माला (पंक्तियों) को और आकाश की शोभा को लेकर ही वापस लौटें और दुख पीड़ा से युक्त किसानों के घरों में खुशी उत्पन्न करें।

Online Education Conjunctions Exercises for Class 4 CBSE with Answers

April 13, 2022

Conjunction Worksheet For Class 4

In Online Education conjunction is a word that joins words, phrases and sentences. They are called linkers or connectors also. Words such as ‘and’, ‘but’ and ‘or’ are conjunctions.

This grammar section explains English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used. https://ncertmcq.com/conjunctions-exercises-for-class-4/

Online Education Conjunctions Exercises for Class 4 CBSE With Answers PDF

A word which joins the two words are called joining words.
Joining Words are also called Conjunctions.
And, Or, But, Because and So are also called Conjunctions.
We use and to connect similar ideas.
We use but to connect contrasting ideas.
We use because to show the reason.
We use so to show the effect.
We use or to show choices.

Conjunctions Exercises with Answers for Grade 4 CBSE PDF

Conjunction Exercise For Class 4
A. Fill in the blanks with conjunctions and, but and because.

1. Frogs can hop, ____________ they can’t fly. Conjunctions Worksheet For Class 4
2. Peter has a fever ____________ a terrible headache. Conjunction For Class 4
3. You hãve to speak loudly ____________ can’t hear well.
4. Tom studied hard, ____________ he failed the test. Conjunction Worksheet For Class 4 With Answers
5. They like to watch soap operas ____________ films on TV. Conjunction Exercise Class 4
6. Jim is happy ____________ he won the race. Conjunction Class 4
7. Henri is worried ____________ he is late for an important meeting. Worksheet On Conjunctions For Class 4
8. She bought vitamins ____________ forgot to buy aspirin. Conjunctions Exercises For Class 4 With Answers
9. 9. It was expensive, ____________ they gave me a discount.
10. Paul can’t go to work ____________ he has flu. Conjunction Exercise For Class 4 With Answers

B. Complete the following sentences using and, or, but, because and so.

1. You can take the blue shirt ____________ the green shirt.
2. She is clever ____________ beautiful.
3. He was poor ____________ he was happy.
4. I worked hard ____________ I wanted to pass the test.
5. I did not want to miss the train ____________ I started early in the morning.
6. He was my friend ____________ I decided to help him.
7. She bought some fruits ____________ vegetables.
8. My sister is tall ____________ I am short.
9. She is hard-working ____________ her brother is very lazy.
10. The dress was beautiful it was expensive.
11. I didn’t buy the dress ____________ it was expensive.
12. I passed the test ____________ I worked hard.
13 Karthik can play the violin ____________ he can’t play the piano.
14. She can have an apple ____________ a mango. She can’t have them both.
15. We can go by bus ____________ by train.

Online Education Conjunctions Exercises for Class 5 CBSE with Answers

April 13, 2022

Conjunctions Exercises for Class 5 CBSE with Answers In Online Education conjunction is a part of speech that is used to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences. Conjunctions are considered to be invariable grammar particles, and they may or may not stand between items they conjoin. Conjunctions are words which join together words, sentences, and part of sentences.

This grammar section explains English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used.

Online Education Conjunctions Exercises for Class 5 CBSE with Answers PDF

Joining Words are called Conjunctions.
And, Or, But, Because and so are also called Conjunctions.
Use and to connect similar ideas.
Use but to connect contrasting ideas.
Use because to show the reason.
Use so to show the effect.
Use or to show choices.
Other words for Or used as conjunctions- neither-nor, either-or, both

Conjunctions Exercises with Answers Pdf for Class 5 CBSE

A. Rewrite each of these sentences as one sentence, using the conjunctions and’, ‘or’, ‘but. The first one has been done for you.

1. The sky was covered with clouds. It became dark.
The sky was covered with clouds and it became dark.

2. He is a poor man. He is honest.
______________________________________________
3. I like biscuits. I like chocolate.
______________________________________________
4. Take this book. Return it to the library.
______________________________________________
5. Is the story true? Is the story false?
______________________________________________
6. It is time to leave. I will finish my work first.
______________________________________________
7. You can travel by land. You can travel by air.
______________________________________________
8. He tried. He did not succeed.
______________________________________________
9. Everybody was present. Abhinav was absent.
______________________________________________
10. Tell me the truth. Go to the Principal.
______________________________________________

B. Complete the following sentences with both, neither or either.

1. _____________ cars are very expensive.
2. _____________ of us wanted to go to the restaurant.
3. Would _____________ of you like to come out in the car?
4. She’s _____________ sociable and sensitive.
5. He plays _____________ tennis nor squash.
6. I haven’t seen _____________ of those pots for ages.
7. _____________ of my brothers work in the city.
8. _____________ of them want to go bowling.

C. Rewrite these sentences using both…and/either…or/neither…nor:

1. He didn’t write. He didn’t telephone.
______________________________________________
2. It was a very boring film and it was very long, too.
______________________________________________
3. He gave up his job because he needed a change. Also because the pay was low.
______________________________________________
4. We can leave today or tomorrow, whichever you prefer.
______________________________________________
5. I haven’t got the time to go on holiday and I haven’t got the money.
______________________________________________

D. Fill in the blanks with “both, either, neither” to complete the sentences below.

1. That’s enough! _____________ you pay your debt to me or I take you to court
2. When we heard the good news, we were _____________ happy and excited.
3. They had _____________ food to eat nor money to go to a restaurant.
4. Mr. Gupta wants to have _____________ vanilla and chocolate in his ice-cream.
5. You should stop making up excuses. _____________ you study hard or you will fail in the Maths exam tomorrow.
6. _____________ of the two students had books with them so the teacher got very angry.
7. We have _____________ bread nor cheese so we can’t make a cheese sandwich.
8. She can _____________ buy a laptop or a tablet pc. She has got enough money.
9. I like _____________ the green and the blue t-shirt, but I don’t have enough money to buy two t-shirts.
10. The sports car was _____________ nice and cheap so my father decided to buy it.

Conjunctions Worksheets with Answers for Grade 5 CBSE PDF

Fundamentals

The conjunctions before, after, since, until, till, when, while, as and as soon as are used to say when something happens.
They are called conjunctions of time.
The conjunctions where and wherever are used to talk about places.
They are called conjunctions of place.
The conjunctions because, since, as and in case tell why someone does something.
They are called conjunctions of reason.
The conjunctions so, so that and in order to tell what the purpose of something is.
They are called conjunctions of purpose.

A Presentation
Read the picture story.
Conjunctions Exercises for Class 5 CBSE with Answers

A. Answer the following questions as per the story.

1. On which subject Rohan and Gita were arguing?
2. What did Rohan and Gita not want to bake?
3. How did Ridhima surprise everyone in the story above?

B. Fill in the blanks with suitable conjunctions.

1. I will not speak to you ___________ you don’t obey me.
2. Nalini went to school ___________ Manav stayed at home.
3. He must be tired ___________ he has been working the whole day.
4. You will not go to play ___________ you finish your home work.
5. He found his book. ___________ he had left it.
6. Make hay ___________ the sunshines.
7. He is short ___________ he runs very fast.
8. We cannot leave ___________ the bell rings.
9. We eat ___________ we may live.
10. Finish your breakfast. ___________ you leave.

Conjunctions Worksheets for Grade 5 with Answers PDF CBSE

A. Fill in the blanks with conjunctions of time.

1. Take the toy out of the box ___________ you throw the box away.
2. I usually do my homework ___________ I have my dinner.
3. We’ve moved to a new house ___________ I last wrote to you.
4. You can’t watch TV ___________ you’ve done your homework.
5. ___________ the rice is cooked, we can’t eat dinner.
6. I’ll call you ___________ I get home.
7. Dad watches TV ___________ he does his exercises.
8. People stand back as the train goes ___________ the station.
9. We went inside ___________ it started to rain.
10. ___________ you’ve finished your homework, let me see it.

B. Fill in the blanks with conjunctions of place.

1. Does anybody know ___________ Mr. Arora lives?
2. ___________ the road is narrow, big trucks can’t get through.
3. The dog follows Sandy___________ he goes.
4. ___________ there are mountains, you will also find streams.

C. Fill in the blanks with conjunctions of reason.

1. I sat down ___________ I was feeling tired.
2. ___________ we arrived late, we missed the beginning of the play.
3. I took an apple ___________ it was the only fruit in the bowl.
4. ___________ you have finished your homework, you can help me make dinner.
5. Mom switched off the TV ___________ it was past my bedtime.
6. ___________ you’re my best friend, I’ll lend you my new bike.
7. Take an umbrella ___________ it rains.
8. ___________ you forget the number, I’ve written it on this piece of paper.

D. Fill in the blanks with conjunctions of purpose.

1. The children are wearing hats ___________ they won’t get sunburned.
2. John finished his homework before dinner ___________ he could watch his favourite TV program.
3. Let’s write down the address ___________ we don’t forget it.
4. We left early ___________ that we wouldn’t be late.
5. Manish took a map ___________ that he wouldn’t get lost.
6. I hid the comics under the bed ___________ nobody could find them.
7. She goes jogging every morning ___________ keep fit.
8. ___________ get to sleep, he reads a really boring book at bedtime.
9. Dad painted the walls white. ___________ make the room look brighter.

E. Select the suitable conjunction from the brackets to fill in the blanks.

1. ___________ she works hard, she does not do well. (though, but)
2. You will fail ___________ you are not serious. (if, unless)
3. I will not lend you my book ___________ you promise to look after it. (if, till)
4. They approved ___________ we had left. (after, while)
5. I will be happy ___________ you come to my party. (because, if)
6. The money has been stolen ___________ lost. (and, or)
7. He stayed at home ___________ he was unwell. (when, and)
8. We couldn’t see the game ___________ we reached late. (because, but)
9. She is beautiful ___________ she is very proud. (but, and)
10. The girls worked ___________ the boys were playing. (while, if)

F. The following passage has a word missing in the place where a slash ( ) has been put. Write the missing word in the spaces provided. Take help from the aid box given below.

We were very tense/the final day was ___________
nearing. We had practised hard/we were sure ___________
we would lose the match. /we had some good ___________
players the chances of winning were less. ___________
Only/we were not so unlucky. One player ___________
was injured/another was ill. ___________
/our captain was very encouraging ___________
/others had lost hope. He kept telling ___________
us that we would win. /the final day ___________
arrived we played like never?. We won ___________
the match. /Ravi had not encouraged us ___________
we would not have even played the match. ___________

Hint: as, although, while, before, if, but, if, though, when, but

Online Education for When I Set Out for Lyonnesse Extra Questions and Answers Class 8 English Honeydew

April 13, 2022

Here we are providing Online Education for When I Set Out for Lyonnesse Extra Questions and Answers Class 8 English Honeydew, Extra Questions for Class 8 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-8-english/

You can refer to When I Set Out for Lyonnesse Class 8 Questions and Answer NCERT to revise the concepts in the syllabus effectively and improve your chances of securing high marks in your board exams.

Online Education When I Set Out for Lyonnesse Extra Questions and Answers Class 8 English Honeydew

When I Set Out for Lyonnesse Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

When I Set Out For Lyonnesse Extra Question Answer Question 1.
How poet is feeling while travelling to lyonnesse?
Answer:
The poet is feeling lonely while travelling as no one accompanied him.

When I Set Out For Lyonnesse Extra Questions And Answers Question 2.
What changes occur in poet after he returned from lyonnesse?
Answer:
When the poet returned from Lyonnesse he had strange glows in his eyes. It seemed as if he had magical eyes that glowed from inner radiance.

When I Set Out For Lyonnesse Extra Questions Question 3.
Which season is there when poet is travelling?
Answer:
The winter season is in the poem. This can be understood by the line. The rime was on the spray.

When I Set Out For Lyonnesse Questions And Answers Question 4.
In the stanza, find words that show
(i) that it was very cold.
(ii) that it was late evening.
(iii) that the traveller was alone.
Answer:
(i) rime
(ii) starlight
(iii) lonesomeness

When I Set Out For Lyonnesse Question 5.
(i) Something happened ay Lyonnesse. It was
(a) improbable
(b) impossible
(c) unforeseeable
(ii) Pick out two lines from stanza 2 to justify your answer.
Answer:
(i) (c) unforeseeable
(ii) ‘No prophet deerst declare
Nor did the wisest wizard guess’.

When I Set Out For Lyonnesse Question Answer Question 6.
(i) Read the line (stanza 3) that implies the following. ‘Everyone noticed something, and they made guesses, but didn’t speak a word’.
(ii) Now read the line that refers to what they noticed.
Answer:
(i) ‘All marked with mute surmise’
(ii) ‘My radiance rare and fathomless’

When I Set Out for Lyonnesse Extra Questions and Answers Reference to Context

Extra Questions Of When I Set Out For Lyonnesse Question 1.
When I set out for Lyonnesse
A hundred miles away,
The rime was on the spray;
And starlight lit my lonesomeness
When I set out for Lyonnesse
A hundred miles away.

Paraphrase:
The poet set out for an imaginary place which was a hundred miles away. It was cold, frosty and starlit winter night. The poet was depressed, lonely and even hadn’t had a vague idea about his journey.

(i) Where did the poet plan to go?
(ii) How was the poet feeling while travelling to lyonnesse?
(iii) What did the poet see on the way?
(iv) What could have seen the state of mind of the poet?
(v) What is the rhyming scheme in the poem?
Answer:
(i) The poet planned to go to Lyonnesse which is hundred miles away.
(ii) The poet felt lovely while travelling as no one accompanied him.
(iii) The poet observed that trees and their leaves were covered with frost. It was a starlit night.
(iv) The poet seemed to be in a solitary state. He used repetition of the lines that showed the depressed state of mind.
(v) ABBAAB.

Class 8 English When I Set Out For Lyonnesse Extra Questions Question 2.
What would bechance at Lyonnesse
While I should sojourn there,
No prophet durst declare;
Nor did the wisest wizard guess
What would bechance at Lyonnesse
While I should sojourn there.

Paraphrase:
The poet was apprehensive about his stay in Lyonnesse. He was worried about the outcome as nobody could predict the occurance and happenings of the stay. According to him no prophet can declare this and even a wizard would not be able to say what would happen at Lyonnesse.

(i) What was the poet brooding about?
(ii) How long would the poet stay?
(iii) What was the poet apprehensive about?
(iv) Name of poetic devices used in the line?
Answer:
(i) The poet was not sure what would happen there.
(ii) His stay at lyonnesse would be temporary.
(iii) The poet was visiting he an unfamiliar place. He hadn’t heard about.
(iv) Alliteration – wisest wizard.

Question 3.
When I returned from Lyonnesse
With magic in my eyes,
All marked with mute surmise
My radiance rare and fathomless,
When I returned from Lyonnesse
With magic in my eyes.

Paraphrase:
When he returned from Lyonnesse, he had magic in his eyes. All could understand that he was filled with a rare and immeasurable radiance.

(i) What change was evident?
(ii) What was marked with mute radiance?
(iii) Explain ‘My radiance rare fathemless’?
(iv) What is the rhyming scheme in the stanza?
Answer:
(i) When he returned from Lyonnesse, he had magic of wisdom and enlightment in his eyes.
(ii) After his return from Lyonnesse, the poet was enthusiastic and spell bound which could be experienced only.
(iii) The poet was impressed after his journey. He had experienced something that has fascinated and charmed him!
(iv) ABBAAB.

Constructions Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 11 with Solutions Answers

April 13, 2022

Here we are providing Online Education for Constructions Class 10 Extra Questions Maths Chapter 11 with Answers Solutions, Extra Questions for Class 10 Maths was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-10-maths/

Online Education Extra Questions for Class 10 Maths Constructions with Answers Solutions

Extra Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 11 Constructions with Solutions Answers

Constructions Class 10 Extra Questions Very Short Answer Type

Construction Class 10 Extra Questions Question 1.
Is construction of a triangle with sides 8 cm, 4 cm, 4 cm possible?
Solution:
No, we know that in a triangle sum of two sides of a triangle is greater than the third side. So the condition is not satisfied.

Construction Class 10 Extra Questions State Syllabus Question 2.
To divide the line segment AB in the ratio 5 : 6, draw a ray AX such that ∠BAX is an acute angle, then draw a ray BY parallel to AX and the point A₁, A₂, A₃… and B₁, B₂, B₃… are located at equal distances on ray AX and BY respectively. Then which points should be joined?
Solution:
A₅ and B₆.

Class 10 Construction Extra Questions Question 3.
To draw a pair of tangents to a circle which are inclined to each other at an angle of 60°, it is required to draw tangents at end points of those two radii of the circle. What should be the angle between them?
Solution:
120°

Class 10 Maths Chapter 11 Extra Questions Question 4.
In Fig. 9.1 by what ratio does P divide AB internally.
Solution:
From Fig. 9.1, it is clear that there are 3 points at equal distances on AX and 4 points at equal distances on BY. Here P divides AB on joining A₃ B₄. So P divides internally by 3 : 4.

Constructions Class 10 Extra Questions Question 5.
Given a triangle with side AB = 8 cm. To get a line segment AB’ = 2 of AB, in what ratio will line segment AB be divided?
Solution:

Given AB = 8 cm
AB’ = \(\frac{3}{4}\) of AB
= \(\frac{3}{4}\) × 8 = 6 cm
BB’ = AB – AB’ = 8 – 6 = 2 cm.
⇒ AB’: BB’ = 6 : 2 = 3 : 1
Hence the required ratio is 3 : 1.

Constructions Class 10 Extra Questions Short Answer Type I and II

Construction Extra Questions Class 10 Question 1.
Construct a triangle of sides 4 cm, 5 cm and 6 cm and then a triangle similar to it whose sides are \(\frac{2}{3}\) of the corresponding sides of the first triangle.
OR
Draw a triangle with sides 4 cm, 5 cm and 6 cm. Then construct another triangle whose sides are \(\frac{2}{3}\) of the corresponding sides of first triangle.
Solution:
Steps of Construction:
Step I: Draw a line segment BC = 6 cm
Step II: Draw an arc with B as centre and radius equal to 5 cm.
Step III: Draw an arc, with C as centre and radius equal to 4 cm intersecting the previous drawn arc at A.
Step IV: Join AB and AC, then ∆ABC is the required triangle.
Step V: Below BC make an acute angle CBX
Step VI: Along BX mark off three points at equal distance: B₁, B₂, B₃, such that BB₁ = B₁B₂, = B₂B₃.
Step VII: Join BC₃.
Step VIII: From B₂, draw B₂, D || B₃,C, meeting BC at D.
Step IX: From D draw ED || AC meeting BA at E. Then we have ∆EDB which is the required triangle.

Justification:
Since DE || CA

Hence, we have the new AEBD similar to the given ∆ABC, whose sides are equal to \(\frac{2}{3}\) of the corresponding sides of ∆ABC.

Extra Questions Of Construction Class 10 Question 2.
Draw a line segment of length 7.6 cm and divide it in the ratio 5 : 8. Measure the two parts.
Solution:
Steps of Construction:
Step I: Draw a line segment AB = 7.6 cm
Step II: Draw any ray AX making an acute angle ∠BAX with AB.
Step III: On ray AX starting from A, mark 5 + 8 = 13 equal arcs. AA₁, A₁A₂, A₂A₃, A₃A₄, … A₁₁A₁₂, and A₁₂A₁₃.
Step IV: Join A₁₃B.
Step V: From A₅, draw A₅P || A₁₃B, meeting AB at P. Thus, P divides AB in the ratio 5 : 8. On measuring the two parts. We find AP = 2.9 cm and PB = 4.7 cm (approx).

Justification:
In ∆ABA₁₃, PA₅ || BA₁₃ .
∴ By Basic Proportionality Theorem

Construction Class 10 Important Questions Question 3.
Construct an isosceles triangle whose base is 8 cm and altitude 4 cm and then draw another triangle whose sides are 1\(\frac{1}{2}\) times the corresponding sides of the isosceles triangle.
Solution:
Steps of Construction:
Step 1: Draw BC = 8 cm.
Step II: Construct XY, the perpendicular bisector of line segment BC, meeting BC at M.
Step III: Along MP, cut-off MA = 4 cm.
Step IV: Join BA and CA. Then ∆ABC so obtained is the required ∆ABC.
Step V: Extend BC to D, such that BD = 12 cm
Step VI: Draw DE || CA meeting BA produced at E. Then AEBD is the required triangle.

Justification:
Since, DE || CA .

Hence, we have the new triangle similar to the given triangle whose sides are 1 \(\frac{1}{2}\) i.e, \(\frac{3}{2}\) times the corresponding sides of the isosceles ABC.

Constructions Class 10 Important Questions Question 4.
Draw a triangle ABC with side BC = 6 cm, AB = 5 cm and ∠ABC = 60°. Then construct a triangle whose sides of the corresponding sides of the triangle ABC.
Solution:
Steps of Construction:
Step 1: Construct a ∆ABC in which BC = 6 cm and, AB = 5 cm and ∠ABC = 60°.
Step II: Below BC make an acute ∠CBX.
Step III: Along BX mark off four arcs: B₁, B₂, B₃ such that BB₁ = B₁B₂ = B₂B₃ = B₃B₄.
Step IV: Join B₄C.
Step V: From B₃, draw B₃D || B₄C, meeting BC at D.
Step VI: From D, draw ED || AC, meeting BA at E.
Now, we have AEBD which is the required triangle whose sides are \(\frac{3}{4}\)th of the corresponding sides of ∆ABC.

Justification:
Here, DE || CA
∴ ∆ABC ~ ∆EBD.

Hence, we get the new triangle similar to the given triangle whose sides are equal to \(\frac{3}{4}\)th of the corresponding sides of ∆ABC.

Construction Class 10 Extra Questions With Solutions Question 5.
Draw a circle of radius 6 cm. From a point 10 cm away from its centre, construct the pair of tangents to the circle and measure their lengths.
Solution:
Steps of Construction:
Step 1: Take a point O and draw a circle of radius 6 cm.
Step II: Take a point P at a distance of 10 cm from the centre 0.
Step III: Join OP and bisect it. Let M be the mid-point.
Step IV: With M as centre and MP as radius, draw a circle to intersect the circle at Q and R.
Step V: Join PQ and PR. Then, PQ and PR are the required tangents. On measuring, we find, PQ = PR = 8cm.

Justification:
On joining OQ, we find that ∠PQO = 90°, as ∠PQO is the angle in the Semicircle.
∴ PQ ⊥ OQ
Since OQ is the radius of the given circle, PQ has to be a tangent to the circle. Similarly, PR is
also a tangent to the circle.

Class 10 Constructions Important Questions Question 6.
Construct a tangent to a circle of radius 4 cm from a point on the concentric circle of radius 6 cm and measure its length. Also, verify the measurement by actual calculation.
Solution:
Steps of Construction:
Step 1: Take a point O and draw a circle of radius OA = 4 cm. Also, draw a concentric circle of radius OB = 6 cm
Step II: Find the mid-point C of OB and draw a circle of radius OC = BC. Suppose this circle intersects the circle of radius 4 cm at P and Q.
Step III: Join BP and BQ to get the desired tangents from a point B on the circle of radius 6 cm. By actual measurement, we find BP = BQ = 4.5 cm.

Justification:
In ∆BPO, we have
∠BPO = 90°, OB = 6 cm and OP = 4 cm
∴ OB² = BP² + OP² [Using Pythagoras theorem]

Similarly, BQ = 4.47 cm

Class 10 Maths Constructions Extra Questions Question 7.
Draw a line segment AB of length 8 cm. Taking A as centre, draw a circle of radius 4 cm and
taking B as centre, draw another circle of radius 3 cm. Construct tangents to each circle from the centre of the other circle.
Solution:
Steps of Construction:
Step I: Draw a line segment AB = 8 cm.
Step II: With A as centre, draw a circle of radius 4 cm and let it intersect the line segment AB in M.
Step III: With B as centre, draw a circle of radius 3 cm.
Step IV: With M as centre, draw a circle of radius AM and let it intersect the given two circles in P, e and R, S.
Step V: Join AP, AQ, BR and BS.
These are the required tangents.

Justification:
On joining BP, we have ∠BPA = 90°, as ∠BPA is the angle in the semicircle.
∴ AP ⊥ PB
Since BP is the radius of given circle, so AP has to be a tangent to the circle. Similarly, AQ, BR and BS are the tangents.

Constructions Class 10 Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Construction Important Questions Class 10 Question 1.
Construct a triangle similar to a given triangle ABC with its sides equal to \(\frac{5}{3}\) of the corresponding sides of the triangle ABC (i.e., of scale factor ).
Solution:
Steps of Construction:
Step I: Draw any ray BX making an acute angle with BC on the side opposite to the vertex A.
Step II: From B cut off 5 arcs
B₁, B₂, B₃, B₄ and B₅ on BX so that
BB₁ = B₁B₂ = B₂B₃ = B₃B₄ = B₄B₅.
Step III: Join B₃ to C and draw a line through B₅, parallel to B₃C intersecting the extended line segment BC at C’.
Step IV: Draw a line through C’ parallel to CA intersecting the
extended line segment BA at A’ (see figure). Then, A’ BC’ is the required triangle.

Justification:
Note that ∆ABC ~ ∆A’BC” (Since AC || A’C’)

Class 10 Maths Chapter 11 Important Questions Question 2.
Draw a circle of radius of 3 cm. Take two points P and Q on one of its diameters extended on both sides, each at a distance of 7 cm on opposite sides of its centre. Draw tangents to the circle from these two points P and Q.
Solution:
Steps of Construction:
Step 1: Taking a point ( as centre, draw a circle of radius 3 cm.
Step II: Take two points P and Q on one of its extended diameter such that OP = OQ = 7 cm.
Step III: Bisect OP and OQ and let M₁ and M₂ be the mid-points of OP and OQ respectively.
Step IV: Draw a circle with M₁ as centre and M₁ P as radius to intersect the circle at T₁, and T₂.
Step V: Join PT₁ and PT₂.
Then, PT₁ and PT₂ are the required tangents. Similarly, the tangents QT₃ and QT₄ can be obtained

Justification:
On joining OT₁, we find ∠PT₁O = 90°, as it is an angle in the semicircle.
PT₁ ⊥ OT₁
Since OT₁ is a radius of the given circle, so PT₁ has to be a tangent to the circle.
Similarly, PT₂, QT₃ and QT₄ are also tangents to the circle.

Construction Class 10 Important Questions With Solutions Question 3.
Let ABC be a right triangle in which AB = 6 cm, BC = 8 cm and ∠B = 90°. BD is the perpendicular from B on AC. The circle through B, C, D is drawn. Construct the tangents from A to this circle.
Solution:

Steps of Construction:
Step I: Draw ∆ABC and perpendicular BD from B on AC.
Step II: Draw a circle with BC as a diameter. This circle will pass through D.
Step III: Let O be the mid-point of BC. Join A0.
Step IV: Draw a circle with AO as diameter. This circle cuts the circle drawn in step II at B and E.
Step V: Join AE. AE and AB are desired tangents drawn from A to the circle passing through B, C and D.

Important Questions Of Construction Class 10 Question 4.
Draw a right triangle in which the sides (other than hypotenuse) are of lengths 4 cm and 3 cm. Then construct another triangle whose sides are \(\frac{5}{3}\) times the corresponding sides of the given triangle.
Solution:
Steps of Construction:
Step I: Construct a SABC in which BC = 4 cm, ∠B = 90° and BA = 3 cm.
Step II: Below BC, make an acute ∠CBX.
Step III: Along BX mark off five arcs: B₁, B₂, B₃, B₄ and B₅ such that
BB₁ = B₁B₂ = B₂B₃ = B₃B₄ = B₄B₅.
Step IV: Join B₃C.
Step V: From B₅, draw B₅D || B₃C, meeting BC produced at D.
Step VI: From D, draw ED || AC, meeting BA produced at E. Then EBD is the required triangle whose sides are \(\frac{5}{3}\) times the corresponding sides of ∆ABC.

Justification:
Since, DE || CA

Hence, we have the new triangle similar to the given triangle whose sides are equal to \(\frac{5}{3}\) times the corresponding sides of ∆ABC.

Extra Question Of Construction Class 10 Question 5.
Construct a triangle similar to a given triangle ABC with its sides equal to \(\frac{3}{4}\) of the corresponding sides of the triangle ABC ( i.e., of scale factor \(\frac{3}{4}\)).
Solution:
Steps of Construction:
Step I: Draw any ray BX making an acute angle with BC on the side opposite to the vertex A.
Step II: Locate 4 arcs B₁, B₂, B₃, and B₄ on BX so that
BB₁ = B₁B₂ = B₂B₃ = B₃B₄.
Step III: Join B₄C and draw a line through B₃ parallel to B₄C to intersect BC at C’.
Step VI: Draw a line through C’ parallel to the line CA to intersect BA at A’ (Fig. 9.14).
Then, ∆A’ BC’ is the required triangle.
Let us now see how this construction gives the required triangle.

Justification:

Question 6.
Draw a triangle ABC in which AB = 4 cm, BC = 6 cm and AC = 9 cm. Construct a triangle similar to ∆ABC with scale factor \(\frac{3}{2}\). Justify the construction. Are the two triangles congruent?
Note that all the three angles and two sides of the two triangles are equal.
Solution:
Steps of Construction:
Step I: Draw a line segment BC = 6 cm.
Step II: With centre B and radius 4 cm draw an arc.
Step III: With centre C and radius 9 cm draw another arc which intersects the previous arc at A.
Step IV: Join BA and CA. ABC is the required triangle.
Step V: Through B, draw an acute angle CBX on the side opposite to vertex A.
Step VI: Locate three arcs B₁, B₂, and B₃ on BX such that BB₁ = B₁B₂ = B₂B₃.
Step VII: Join B₂C.
Step VIII: Draw B₃C’ || B₂C intersecting the extended line segment BC at ∠C’.
Step IX: Draw C’A’ || CA intersecting the extended line segment BA to A’.
Thus, ∆A’BC’ is the required triangle (∆A’BC’ ~ ∆ABC).

Justification:
∵ B₂C || B₃C’

Constructions Class 10 Extra Questions HOTS

Question 1.
Draw a circle with the help of a bangle. Take a point outside the circle. Construct the pair of tangents from this point to the circle.
Solution:

Steps of Construction:
Step I: Draw a circle with the help of a bangle.
Step II: Let P be the external point from where the tangents are to be drawn to the given circle. Through P, draw a secant PAB to intersect the circle at A and B (say).
Step III: Produce AP to a point C, such that AP = PC, i.e., P, is the mid-point of AC.
Step IV: Draw a semicircle with BC as diameter.
Step V: Draw PD ⊥ CB, intersecting the semicircle at D.
Step VI: With P as centre and PD as radius, draw arcs to intersect the given circle at T and T₁.
Step VII: Join PT and PT₁. Then, PT and PT₁ are the required tangents.

Question 2.
Draw a ∆ABC with side BC = 7 cm, ∠B = 45°, ∠A = 105°. Then, construct a triangle whose sides are \(\frac{3}{4}\) times the corresponding sides of ∆ABC.
Solution:
Steps of Construction:
Step 1: Construct a ∆ABC in which BC = 7 cm,
∠B = 45°, ∠C = 180° – (∠A + ∠B)
= 180° – (105° + 45°) = 180o – 150° = 30°.
Step II: Below BC, make an acute angle ∠CBX.
Step III: Along BX, mark off four arcs: B₁, B₂, B₃, and B₄ such that BB₁ = B₁B₂ = B₂B₃ =B₃B₄.
Step IV: Join B₄C
Step V: From B₃, draw B₃D || B₄C meeting BC at D.
Step VI: From D, draw ED || AC, meeting BA at E. Then EBD is the required triangle whose sides are \(\frac{3}{4}\) times the corresponding sides of ∆ABC.

Justification:

Hence, we have the new triangle similar to the given triangle whose sides are equal to \(\frac{3}{4}\) times the corresponding sides of ∆ABC.

Question 3.
Draw a pair of tangents to a circle of radius 4 cm which are inclined to each other at an angle of 60°
OR
Draw a circle of radius 4 cm. Construct a pair of tangents to it, the angle between which is 60°. Also justify the construction. Measure the distance between the centre of the circle and the point of intersection of tangents.
Solution:
Steps of Construction:
Step I: Draw a circle with centre 0 and radius 4 cm.
Step II: Draw any diameter AOB.
Step III: Draw a radius OC such that ∠BOC = 60°.
Step IV: At C, we draw CM ⊥ OC and at A, we draw AN ⊥ OA.
Step V: Let the two perpendiculars intersect each other at P. Then, PA and PC are required tangents.

Justification:
Since OA is the radius, so PA has to be a tangent to the circle. Similarly, PC is also tangent to the circle.
∠APC = 360° – (∠OAP + ∠OCP + ∠AOC)
= 360° – (90° + 90° + 120°) = 360° – 300° = 60°
Hence, tangents PA and PC are inclined to each other at an angle of 60°

Online Education Active And Passive Voice Exercises for Class 8 With Answers CBSE

April 13, 2022

Voice Change Exercise For Class 8

When to use Active Voice:
When the focus is on an agent, the sentence is used in active mode.

This grammar section explains Online Education English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used. You can also visit the most accurate and elaborate NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English. Every question of the textbook has been answered here. https://ncertmcq.com/active-and-passive-voice-exercises-for-class-8/

Online Education Active And Passive Voice Exercises for Class 8 With Answers CBSE Pdf

Active And Passive Voice Exercise For Class 8

‘Voice’ is a grammatical category that applies to sentences. Voice in English expresses the relationship of the subject to the action.

Voice has two values:

Active: the subject does the action
Passive: the subject receives the action

Active	Shakespeare	wrote	Hamlet.
Passive			Hamlet	was written	by	Shakespeare

The active voice is the ‘normal’ voice – the one that we use most of the time. In the active voice, the object receives the action stated by the verb.

active	subject	verb	object

	Cats	eat	mice.

The passive voice is less common. In passive voice, the subject receives the action stated by the verb.

passive	subject	verb	object

	Mice	are eaten	by cats

See how the object of the active voice becomes the subject of the passive voice.

	subject	verb	object
active	Everybody	drinks	water.
passive	Water	is drunk	by everybody

Active Passive Voice Exercises With Answers Class 8

Active Voice

Cats eat mice:
The active voice is the “normal” voice of an English sentence. Intransitive verbs (verbs with no direct object) are always in active voice. Transitive verbs are usually in active voice.

subject	verb
Johnny	laughed
Amit	got up	late.
People	drink	water

In active voice, the subject is the person or thing responsible for the action described by the verb.

All tenses are possible in the active voice, as well as all sentence types, positive, negative or interrogative.

Active And Passive Voice Exercises Class 8

Use of Active
The active voice is the “default” voice in English. All intransitive verbs can only be in the active voice, and all transitive verbs usually are active voice – unless we deliberately make them passive.

The active voice is:

direct and specific
uses fewer words – which is usually good thing
dynamic

Except on occasions when passive voice is more useful, active voice is the voice of choice.

Active Passive Exercise For Class 8

Passive Voice
Mice are eaten by cats:
Although passive voice is less common than active voice, there are several good reasons to sometimes use passive voice. On the next page we look at how to construct sentences in passive voice and when and why to use it.

How do we make a sentence in passive voice?
The basic structure of a passive clause is very simple:

Subject	+	Auxiliary verb be	+	Main verb past participle	+	by	+	Agent
								optional

The auxiliary be is conjugated in all tenses. The main verb is always the past participle. The agent is the original “doer” of the action.

Look at some examples.

subject	the auxiliary verb be past participle	main verb	by
I	am	employed	by	Apple.
You	will be	woken up		at 6.
It	will have been	finished		by then.
We	have been	notified	by	Head Office.
You	are being	transferred		next week.
They	will be	paid.

Note that:

auxiliary be can be conjugated for all persons and tenses.
main verb is invariable: past participle
if there is an agent {Apple, Head Office), it is introduced by ‘by’.

Voice Exercise For Class 8

Agentless passive
The subject of an active sentence ‘does’ the action. In a passive sentence, we express the doer (or agent) through a ‘by’ phrase (the long passive) or, very often, we remove the agent completely (the short passive). In the following example, the agent is ‘the Allies’:

active		The Allies firebombed the fort.
passive	long	The fort was firebombed by the Allies.
passive	short	Fort was firebombed.

The short passive is also known as the “agentless passive”. Soon you will see how useful it can be.

Voice Worksheet For Class 8

Negatives and questions
The table below shows examples of passive voice in negative sentences, question sentences and negative-question sentences:

	subject			auxiliary verb be		main verb past participle
	You			are	not	paid	to watch YouTube.
	They	will	never	be		employed	by us.
Are	they					cleaned	regularly?
Has	your wallet			been		stolen?
Is	he				not	notified	immediately?
Will	they		not	be		dismissed?
Haven’t	they			been		forgotten?

Note that:

position of auxiliary be or first auxiliary for questions
possible positions of not, n’t, never to create negation

Active And Passive Voice Class 8 Exercise

Use of the passive
When and why do we use passive voice?
There are several times when passive voice is useful, and usually the decision has to do with the “doer” (agent) or the “receiver” of the action. For example, we use passive when:

1. We want to emphasise the receiver of the action.

President Kennedy was killed by Lee Harvey Oswald,
cf: Lee Harvey Oswald killed President Kennedy.

2. We don’t know who did the action (the agent):

My wallet has been stolen.
cf: Somebody has stolen my wallet.

3. We think the agent is not important or interesting:

Our house is being painted.
cf: XYZ Company is painting our house.

4. The agent is obvious.

I am paid weekly.
cf: My company pays me weekly.

5. We are making general statements or announcements.

Passengers are reminded to fasten their seatbelts.
cf: The captain reminds passengers to fasten their seatbelts.

6. The agent is everyone.

The emergency services can be called by dialing 999.
cf: The public can call the emergency services by dialing 999.

7. When writing formal or scientific texts.

Potassium was added and mixed in. The solution was heated to 80°C and then allowed to cool.
cf: The observer added potassium and mixed it in. The observer heated the solution to 80°C and then allowed it to cool.

8. We want to avoid responsibility for our own actions (typically found in government reports):

Mistakes were made and unfortunately never rectified.
cf: The Prime Minister made mistakes and unfortunately never rectified them.

Look at this sentence.

Voice Change Exercise For Class 8 With Answers

He was killed with a gun:
Normally we use by to introduce the agent. But the gun is not the original doer of the action. The gun did not kill him. He was killed by somebody with a gun. In the active voice, it would be: Somebody killed him with a gun. Somebody is the agent. The gun is the instrument.

The get-passive
Although we normally construct the passive with be + past participle, it is also possible (in informal language) to use get + past participle. So if France beat England at football, we could turn this to passive and say “England were beaten by France” (de-passive) or “England got beaten by France” {get-passive). And we might also add: “But France will get thrashed by Russia.”

For formal English and exams you should use the be-passive, but in informal language people sometimes use the gef-passive.

Forms of passive
The passive voice is not a tense itself. But for transitive verbs each tense, as well as other verb forms such as infinitives and participles, can be produced in the passive voice. Some of the more complicated tenses (mostly perfect continuous) are rarely used in the passive, but they are possible.

Here are some examples of passive voice with many of the possible forms using the verb sing:

infinitive	to be sung
perfect infinitive	to have been sung
participle	sung
perfect participle	having been sung
gerund	being sung
	Simple	Continuous	Perfect
Present	am, are, is sung	am, are, is being sung	have, has been sung
Past	was, were sung	was, were being sung	had been sung
Future	will be sung	will be being sung	will have been sung

Active And Passive Voice Exercises For Class 8 With Answers Pdf

Active and Passive Examples
The table below shows example of sentences in active and passive voice for the basic tenses as well as various other verb forms, including infinitives and participles.

	Active	Passive
Present Simple	How does one pronounce his name?	How is his name pronounced?
Present Continuous	Ati’s helping Tara.	Tara’s being helped by Ati.
Present Perfect	The kid has served dinner.	Dinner has been served.
Past Simple	They did n’t fix my phone yesterday.	My phone wasn’t fixed yesterday.
Past Continuous	They were interrogating him when I called.	He was being interrogated when I called.
Past Perfect	I wondered why they hadn’t invited me.	I wondered why I hadn’t been invited.
Future Simple	They will hang him at dawn.	He will be hanged at dawn.
Future Continuous	They won’t be questioning him when you get there.	He won’t be being questioned when you get there.
Future Perfect	They will have repaired your car by 7pm.	Your car will have been repaired by 7pm.
Infinitive	I don’t want anyone to disturb me.	I don’t want to be disturbed.
Perfect infinitive	They seem to have taken it.	It seems to have been taken.
Participle	I saw the cat eating it.	I saw it being eaten by the cat.
Perfect participle	Having finished my work, I went home.	My work having been finished, I went home.
Gerund	I insisted on them paying me.	I insisted on being paid.
Going to	Is he going to sing Thriller at the party?	Is Thriller going to be sung at the party?
Used to	Ram used to take care of everything.	Everything used to be taken care of by Ram.
Can	They can question him for six hours.	He can be questioned for six hours.
Could	It could have badly hurt you.	You could have been badly hurt.
Way	The papers say they may release him.	The papers say he may be released.
Might	Somebody might buy it.	It might be bought.
Must	Passengers must wear seat belts.	Seat belts must be worn.
Should	You should have told me.	I should have been told.
Ought to	They ought to forgive him.	He ought to be forgiven.

Class 8 Active And Passive Voice Exercises

Passive Voice in Interrogative Sentences

The question words when, why, where, how and what do not change their position at the beginning of the sentence when the active voice is changed into the passive voice.
Note that who changes to by whom and whom into who.

Examples

What did he say? (Active Voice)
What was said by him? (Passive Voice)
Whom did you invite? (Active Voice)
Who was invited by you? (Passive Voice)
Who wrote this book? (Active Voice)
By whom was this book written? (Passive Voice)

Active And Passive Voice Questions For Class 8

Passive Voice in Imperative Sentences

These are the sentences in which we express commands, order, advice and requests.
Passive Imperative Sentence Formation:-
Lets + object + be/not be +past participle or 3rd form.
For sentences containing requests advice and orders, we use you are requested to, advised to and ordered to.
Always remove ‘please’ and ‘kindly’ if they are given in the sentence.

Examples

Active Voice	Passive Voice
Shut the door.	Let the door be shut.
Post the letter at once.	Let the letter be posted at once.
Always speak the truth.	Let the truth always be spoken.
Do not starve the cow.	Let the cow not be starved.
Let him help his brother.	Let his brother be helped by him.
Clean your room.	Let your room be cleaned.
Learn your lesson.	Let your lesson be learnt.
Please do me a favour tonight.	You are requested to do me a favour tonight.
Get out of my house.	You are ordered to get out of my house.
Kindly do not smoke in public place.	You are requested not to smoke in public place.

Active And Passive Voice Exercises For Class 8 Pdf

To make passive voice, we use the following rules.

1. Change the object into subject. If as an object, we have a pronoun than we convert it as follows:

Active	Passive
Me	I
You	You
Her	She
Them	They
Us	We
Him	He
It	It
Whom	Who

2. Change the subject into object. And use ‘by’ before the object. If as a subject, we have a pronoun of nominative then we convert it as follows:

Active	Passive
I	by me
You	by you
She	by her
They	by them
We	by us
He	by him
It	by it
Who	by whom

An imperative sentence is changed from active to passive voice according to the message contained in the sentence. For this purpose words used are as follows:

If ¡t contains an order or a command: – You are ordered to or You are commanded to
If it contains a request: – You are requested to
If it contains advice: – You are advised to
If it contains a negative order: – You are forbidden to
If it contains ‘Let us’: – It is suggested that we should or It is proposed that we should
It is time to (verb first form) – It is time for (object) to be (verb third form)

Active And Passive Voice Exercise For Class 8

Active And Passive Voice Exercises Solved Examples for Class 8 CBSE

Exercise On Active And Passive Voice For Class 8 With Answers Question 1.
Change the following sentences into passive voice.
(i) The principal has forbidden smoking on the campus.
(ii) The principal has forbidden students to smoke on the campus.
(iii) I advise consulting a good doctor.
(iv) I advise you to consult a good doctor.
(v) They don’t allow parking in front of their gate.
(vi) They don’t allow people to park in front of their gate.
(vii) We advise early booking.
(viii) We advise passengers to book their tickets early.
(ix) They made her repeat the whole story.
(x) We don’t advise pregnant women to go on a diet.
Answer:
(i) Smoking has been forbidden on the campus.
(ii) Students have been forbidden to smoke on the campus.
(iii) Consulting a good doctor is advised.
(iv) You are advised to consult a good doctor.
(v) Parking in front of their gate is not allowed.
(vi) People are not allowed to park in front of their gate.
(vii) Early booking is advised.
(viii) Passengers are advised to book their tickets early.
(ix) She was made to repeat the whole story
(x) Pregnant women are not advised to go on a diet.

Voice Exercises For Class 8 With Answers Question 2,
Change the voice.
(i) Ms. Sullivan teaches us grammar.
(ii) The teacher praised him.
(iii) The firemen took the injured to the hospital.
(iv) An earthquake destroyed the town.
(v) The boy’s work pleased the teacher.
(vi) The fire damaged the building.
(vii) Who taught you French?
(viii) The manager will give you a ticket.
(ix) Spectators thronged the streets.
(x) Everyone will blame us.
(xi) The wind blew down the trees.
(xii) The police caught the thieves.
(xiii) Alice posted the letter.
(xiv) The hostess received us.
(XV) They/somebody killed the snake with a stick.
(xvi) The people welcomed the minister.
(xvii) They found him guilty of murder.
(xviii) John Mathews built this house in 1991.
Answer:
(i) We are taught grammar by Ms Sullivan.
(ii) He was praised by the teacher.
(iii) The injured were taken to the hospital by the fireman.
(iv) The town was destroyed by an earthquake.
(v) The teacher was pleased with the boy’s work.
(vi) The building was damaged by the fire.
(vii) By whom were you taught French?
(viii) You will be given a ticket by the manager.
(ix) The streets were thronged with spectators.
(x) We will be blamed by everyone.
(xi) The trees were blown down by the wind.
(xii) The thieves were caught by the police.
(xiii) The letter was posted by Alice.
(xiv) We were received by the hostess.
(xv) The snake was killed with a stick.
(xvi) The minister was welcomed by the people.
(xvii) He was found guilty of murder. See
(xviii) This house was built by John Mathews in 1991.

Active Passive Worksheet For Class 8 Question 3.
Test your knowledge of active and passive voice with this grammar exercise. Each sentence given below is in the active voice. Change it into a passive voice.
(i) He sings a song.
_______________________________________________
(ii) The boy killed the spider.
________________________
(iii) Help him.
________________________
(iv) Farmers sow maize in the rainy season.
________________________
(v) Are you writing a letter?
________________________
Answer:
(i) A song is sung by him. (Active verb – sings; passive verb – is sung)
(ii) The spider was killed by the boy. (Active verb – killed; passive verb – was killed)
(iii) Let him he helped. (imperative sentences in the passive voice begin with let.)
(iv) Maize is sown in the rainy season. (Active verb – sow; passive verb – is/are sown)
(v) Is a letter being written by you? (Active verb – is/are writing; passive verb – is/are being written)

Active And Passive Voice Exercises Practice Examples for Class 8 CBSE

Active And Passive Voice Worksheet For Class 8 Question 1.
Change into passive voice

1. Lata sings lovely songs.
2. We did not grow rice.
3. What do you want?
4. They will run a race.
5. Tom is building a house.
6. I was writing a letter.
7. Someone has stolen my purse.
8. She had finished her work.
9. People will admire him.
10. Did no one help you?
11. Will she deliver the message?
12. Respect your elders.

Active Passive Voice Exercise Class 8 Question 2.
Fill in the blanks using the most suitable passive form of the verbs given in brackets. The first one has been done for you.

1. There’s somebody behind us. I think we are being followed (follow).
2. A mystery is something that ____________ (can’t/explain).
3. We didn’t play football yesterday. The match ____________ (cancel).
4. The television ____________ (repair). It’s working again now.
5. The church tower ____________ (restore). The work is almost finished.
6. ‘How old is the tower?’ ‘It ____________ (believe) to be over 600 years old.’
7. If I didn’t do my job properly, I ____________ (would/sack).
8. A: I left some papers on the desk last night and I can’t find them now.
B: They ____________ (might/throw) away.
9. I learnt to swim when I was very young. I ____________ (teach) by my mother.
10. After ____________ (arrest), I was taken to the police station.
11. ____________ (you/ever/arrest) ?’ ‘No, never.’
12. Two people ____________ (report) to ____________ (injure) in an explosion at a factory in Surat early this morning.

Voice Change Questions For Class 8 Question 3.
Change the following sentences into passive voice. The first one has been done for you.

1. I am sure they will take care of the child properly
I am sure that the child will be taken care of properly.

2. Someone is conducting research into the private life of that great sculptor.
______________________________________________________
3. People consider him to be the richest man in the country.
______________________________________________________
4. They say that these herbs are good for rheumatism.
______________________________________________________
5. We think that she is the most understanding and patient teacher in the school.
______________________________________________________
6. We shall have to deal with these problems one at a time.
______________________________________________________
7. They took down the old notice, but they put up another one in its place.
______________________________________________________
8. The teacher ordered Suresh out of the classroom because he was making too much noise.
______________________________________________________
9. We understand that his invention is of the greatest importance and secrecy.
______________________________________________________
10. The family left the hall lights on in case they decided to come back that night.
______________________________________________________

Online Education Conjunctions Exercises for Class 7 CBSE With Answers

April 13, 2022

Conjunction Exercise For Class 7

In Online Education conjunction is a part of speech that is used to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences. Conjunctions are considered to be invariable grammar particles, and they may or may not stand between items they conjoin.

This grammar section explains English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used. You can also visit the most accurate and elaborate NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English. Every question of the textbook has been answered here. https://ncertmcq.com/conjunction-exercise-for-class-7/

Online Education Conjunctions Exercises for Class 7 CBSE With Answers Pdf

Conjunction Exercise For Class 7

A word like though and in spite of, are called linking words or conjunctions.
Conjunctions like when, while, as soon as, before, until, since etc link with time.
Examples:

Wait here until I come. (= up to the time I come)
As soon as she’d got the message, she went home, (immediately after she’d got the message)

If unless and in case are used to express a condition.
Examples:

We won’t catch the flight unless we hurry.
Student should carry two pens in case one of them runs out.

But, although/ even though, in spite of/despite are used to express the idea of contact.
Examples:

She went to school despite being unwell.
He failed the exam even though he had done well.

Because and because of are used to show the reason for something.
So is used to express the result of something.
Examples:

He didn’t go to office because he was ill (because + statement)
He didn’t go to office because of illness, (because of + noun)
She didn’t study hard, so she failed the examination, (so + statement)

To, in order to and so that are used to express the purpose of the action.
Examples:

We go to school to learn new things.
They migrated to the city in order to enjoy more facilities.
She is learning japanese so that she can live and work in japan.
He wrote to his father so that he could borrow some money.

Both for and to can be used to show the purpose of a thing.
Examples:

This knife is only for cutting vegetables, (for + gerund)
The knife is used to cut vegetables only, (to + base from of verb)

Conjunctions Exercises For Class 7

Correlative Conjunction
These are paired conjunctions which join words, phrases or clauses which have reciprocal or complementary relationship.
The most commonly used correlative conjunctions are as follows
Either or
Neither nor
Whether or
Both and
Not only but also
Examples:

Neither Kishor nor Meena passed the exam.
Give me either a cup or a glass.
Both red and yellow are attractive colours.
I like neither tea nor coffee.
He will be either in the room or in the hall.
Mannu can speak not only English but also French.

Conjunctions Exercises For Class 7 With Answers

Some Other Paired Conjunctions

And–Too: He is an actor and a performer too.
Such–As: Only such men as these make progress in life.
Too–to: He is too tired to walk.
So–That: He is so tired that he can’t walk.
Although (Though)–Yet: Though he is spendthrift yet he bought an expensive watch.
So–As: He is not so wise as his brother is.
As–As:He is as close fisted as his brother.
As–So:As you sow so shall you reap.
Lest–should:Work hard lest you should fail.
No Sooner than: No sooner than the rain started, the street drains began to overflow.

Conjunctions Exercises Solved Examples for Class 7 CBSE

Conjunction Class 7 Exercise Question 1.
Choose the correct conjunction.
(i) I did my best to pass my English exam yet / so I failed.
(ii) I will get my car service and/ for there is something wrong with the brakes.
(iii) The suspect went to the airport and/yet tried to use a license that had his brother’s identification on it or /but he got caught.
(iv) Nobody expected Sam to get the job nor / so did I.
(v) We can go to a changing restaurant or/and a Mexican, I don’t really mind.
Answer:
(i) yet
(ii) for
(iii) and/ but
(iv) nor
(v) or

Exercise On Conjunctions For Class 7 Question 2.
Join the sentences using conjunctions.
(i) She is ill. She is cheerful.
(ii) We decided to go out. It was raining.
(iii) The piper played. The children danced.
(iv) James worked hard. His brother is lazy.
(v) I went to the shop. I bought some vegetables.
Answer:
(i) She is ill but she is cheerful.
(ii) Though it was raining we decided to go out.
(iii) The piper played and the children danced.
(iv) James works hard whereas his brother is lazy.
(v) I went to the shop and bought some vegetables.

Conjunctions Exercises Practice Examples for Class 7 CBSE

Conjunctions Exercises For Class 7 Icse With Answers

1. Daddy Longlegs, a book by Jean Webster, is in the form of letters. Here is as an extract from a letter. Cross out the wrong conjunctions and write the correct ones. The first letter of the correct conjunctions have been given as clues.

1. The farm gets more but more entertaining. I rode on hay and
2. wagon yesterday. We’ve oceans of little baby chickens because of a
3. ducks and turkeys but guinea fowls. You must be mad to a
4. live in a city so you can live on a form. It is my daily business to hunt w
5. the eggs. I fell off a beam in the barn loft yesterday, either I was trying w
6. to crawl over to a nest because the black hen has stolen. t
7. Some of the farmers around here have a separator after web
8. don’t care for these new-fashioned ideas. We’ve six calves, but I’ve chosen the names for all of them. a

Conjunction Exercise For Class 7 With Answers

2. Connect the following sentences using correct connector.

1. “Our old friends dropped in last Saturday. We took them out to lunch, (then, next) went shopping with them,”Babita told Lata.
2. Suchitra had not heard from her cousin overseas for a long time, (finally, later) she decided to write him a letter.
3. The offenders were arrested by the police, (after, subsequently) they were imprisoned for a week.
4. (Until, After) a good night’s sleep, we woke up refreshed and ready to continue our journey.
5. She would not divulge any information (until, later) she felt she could trust us.
6. She gets up early every morning, she does some Yoga exercises, (then, before) She sits down to have breakfast.
7. (After, Before) the government forces could recover from the attack, the enemy launched yet another attack.
8. To be a good teacher, (next, first) you must have a lot of patience.
9. The boys pitched their tents, (finally, then) They built a campfire.
10. “To get to my place, (until, first) take bus number 10 to the 1st terminal; (after, then) take bus number 3 which will drop you right in front of my house,” Jaya explained to her friend.

Online Education for What Happened to the Reptiles Class 6 MCQ Questions with Answers English Chapter 9

April 12, 2022

Check the below Online Education NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 6 English A Pact with the Sun Chapter 9 What Happened to the Reptiles with Answers Pdf free download. MCQ Questions for Class 6 English with Answers were prepared based on the latest exam pattern. We have provided What Happened to the Reptiles Class 6 English MCQs Questions with Answers to help students understand the concept very well.

Online Education MCQ Questions for Class 6 English A Pact with the Sun Chapter 9 What Happened to the Reptiles with Answers

What Happened To The Reptiles MCQ Class 6 Chapter 9 Question 1.
Prem reached Pambupatti which was
(a) a deserted village
(b) a village of forests
(c) a peaceful village
(d) a wild village

Answer

What Happened To Reptiles MCQ Class 6 Chapter 9 Question 2.
People in Pambupatti village believed
(a) in simple living
(b) in fighting in the name of religion
(c) in fighting in the name of
(d) in leading a peaceful living language

Answer

(d) in leading a peaceful living language

What Happened To The Reptiles Class 6 MCQ Chapter 9 Question 3.
When Prem opened his eyes, he felt happy
(a) to be surrounded by the
(b) to eat rich food loving people
(c) to play the whole day
(d) to browse the net

Answer

(a) to be surrounded by the

MCQ Of What Happened To The Reptiles Class 6 Chapter 9 Question 4.
Prem wished that he should
(a) enjoy living without parents
(b) never go back to his village
(c) continue playing cricket
(d) continue to work at the garage

Answer

(b) never go back to his village

What Happened To The Reptiles MCQ Questions Class 6 Chapter 9 Question 5.
Makara was rated as important as:
(a) he was the president
(b) he was the biggest
(c) he was the wisest
(d) he was strong and powerful

Answer

(d) he was strong and powerful

Question 6.
The lizards on their back
(a) could carry trees
(b) could not carry trees
(c) could carry eggs
(d) none of the above

Answer

(b) could not carry trees

Question 7.
The tortoises and the snakes were
(a) scared of the lizards
(b) tired of living in the jungle
(c) troubled by other animals
(d) forcibly sent out of the jungle

Answer

(d) forcibly sent out of the jungle

Question 8.
At last, life for the crocodiles
(a) became wonderful
(b) became troubled
(c) became easy
(d) became stress free

Answer

(b) became troubled

Question 9.
The newly powerful crocodiles were wise enough
(a) to send SMS to tortoises
(b) to punish Makara
(c) to call all the animals back
(d) to call snakes back to Pambupatti

Answer

Question 10.
The forest came back to normal
(a) in a month
(b) as the smell disappeared
(c) in two months’ time
(d) in a day

Answer

Short Answers Type Questions:

Question 1.
Why did Prem run away from his village ?

Answer

One day the people of Prem’s village heard that in a distant place, at temple or mosque had been burnt down. At this, the people of his village went mad. They started fighting with one another. Many houses were burnt down in the fire. One of them was that of Prem. This frightened Prem beyond limit. He took whatever he could pick up from his house and ran away.

Question 2.
How did Prem come to the old man ?

Answer

Prem was too weak and tired when he reached the village Pambupatti. “He saw some people gathered near a well. He ran to them but before he could say anything, he fainted. When he opened his eyes, he saw the old man bending” over him.

Question 3.
Why did the animals accept Makara as the president in the meetings of the forest animals ?

Answer

Makara was the strongest and the most powerful of all the reptiles. No animal dared to oppose him. Every animal thought he was very important. So all animals accepted him as president whenever there was a meeting.

Question 4.
Why did Makara polish his teeth red ?

Answer

Makara polished his teeth red to look fiercer than ever before. Perhaps, he thought that this will further frighten the animals and they would , agree to whatever he said.

Question 5.
In what way is Pambupatti different from any other village ?

Answer

Unlike other villages, people of Pambupatti lived in peace. They did not fight in the name of religion or language.

Question 6.
Why is Prem determined not to return to his village ?

Answer

Prem is determined not to return to his village because of the violence there. In his village people burnt others’ houses and killed one another. These memories of his village made him bum with shame. So he did not want to go back there.

Question 7.
Why did Makara dislike tortoises, snakes and lizards ? Write a line about each.

Answer

Makara disliked tortoises because they were stupid and slow. They carried their houses on their back. He disliked snakes because they were very slimy and weird. He disliked lizards because of their strange habits. Moreover, some of them changed colour.

Question 8.
What went wrong when the tortoises, snakes and lizards left the forest ?

Answer

Many awful things happened. With no tortoises the jungle seemed to be rotting. Earlier, the tortoises used to eat the rotting fruit and the rotting animals in the river. When the snakes left, the rats increased. They became the biggest nuisance. Similarly, when the lizards left, there was no fear to the insects. There were now millions of them growing bigger and nastier by the day. So the whole forest seemed to have gone crazy when the tortoises, snakes and lizards left it.

Question 9.
Why do you think Prem wants to tell the story of the reptiles to the people of his village ?

Answer

The people of Prem’s village quarreled with one another. The story of Pambupatti gives a message of peace and cooperation. It tells why it is necessary for different kinds to live together. So Prem wanted to tell the story of Pambupatti to the people of his village.

Question 10.
Do you agree that it is difficult not to go along with someone who is very strong and powerful ? Question Express your views frankly and clearly.

Answer

Of course, it is difficult not to go along with someone who is very strong and powerful. It is human nature to be on the safe side. Disagreeing with a powerful person is likely to call for trouble. Moreover, even if someone is bold enough to oppose him, his becomes a lone fight. Such idealists may leave an impact on the society. But they do so at the cost of their own ruin.

We are providing NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 6 English A Pact with the Sun Chapter 9 What Happened to the Reptiles with Answers Pdf free download will help you. If you have any queries regarding CBSE Class 6 English What Happened to the Reptiles MCQs Multiple Choice Questions with Answers, drop a comment below and we will get back to you soon.

Online Education Subject Verb Agreement Exercises for Class 8 CBSE With Answers

April 12, 2022

Mom, can I run to the park?
I jumped over the puddle.
You Swam fast in the race.
What do the words that are capitalized all have in common? They are verbs!
A verb is a main part of speech that is often used to describe or indicate an action. Sentences are not complete without a verb. Here are some examples: jog, stop, hear, call, explore and believe.

This grammar section explains Online Education English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English will help you to write better answers in your Class 10 exams. Because the Solutions are solved by subject matter experts. https://ncertmcq.com/ncert-solutions-for-class-8-english/

Online Education Subject Verb Agreement Exercises for Class 8 CBSE With Answers Pdf

Subject Verb Agreement Exercises For Class 8 Fundamentals:

Every sentence says something about a person or thing.
The part of a sentence that names the person or thing is called Subject or the part, which gives us information about the Subject is called Predicate.
The subject of a sentence thus has a close relation to what is being said in the Predicate.
The form of the verb should be in direct relation to the number and person of the Subject.

Subject Verb Agreement Class 8 Rules for Subject-Verb Agreement

The verb must agree with the subject in Number and Person.
If the subject is singular, the verb should also be singular.
If the subject is plural, the verb should also be plural.

Subject Verb Agreement Worksheets With Answers 8th Grade Example:
He is a good boy. (singular subject, singular verb)
They are good players (plural subject, plural verb)

When two or more singular subjects are joined together by ‘and’, plural verb is used.
Subject Verb Agreement MCQ Class 8 Example:

Ram and Sham are playing a game.
He and his friends have arrived.

If two singular nouns refer to the same person or thing, the verb must be singular.
Subject Verb Agreement Exercises For Class 8 With Answers Pdf Example:

My friend and benefactor has come.
By the death of Gokhale a great statesman and patriot was lost to India.

It should be noted that the article is used only once if the two nouns refer to the same person. If different persons were referred to, the article would be used before each noun and the verb would be plural.
Subject Verb Agreement Worksheets For Grade 8 Example:

The director and writer of movie received on award.
The orator and the statesman are dead.

If two subjects together express one idea, the verb will be in the singular.
Subject Verb Agreement For Class 8 Example:

Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
Slow and steady wins the race.

If singular subjects have ‘each’ or ‘every’ before them, the verb is usually singular.
Subject Verb Agreement Exercise For Class 8 Example:

Every man, woman and child was lost.
Each day and each hour brings its duty.

Two or more singular subjects connected by ‘or’, ‘nor’, ‘either’, ‘neither’ or ‘nor’ take a verb in the singular.
Subject Verb Agreement Class 8 MCQ Example:

Neither Hari nor Ravi has come.
No nook or corner was left unexplored.

When the subjects joined by ‘or’, ‘nor’ are of different numbers, the verb must be plural, and the plural subject must be placed next to the verb.
Subject Verb Agreement Exercises For Class 8 MCQ Example:

Hari or his brothers have done this.
Either the boy or his parents have gone there.

When the subjects joined by ‘or’, ‘nor’ are of different persons, the verb agrees in person with the one nearest to it.
Subject Verb Agreement Exercises For Class 8 With Answers Example:

Either he or I am mistaken.
Neither you nor he is to blame.

A collective noun takes a singular verb when the collection is thought of as a whole.
Exercise On Subject Verb Agreement For Class 8 Example:

The counsel has chosen its president.
The fleet has set sail.

It should however be kept in mind that if the individuals of which the collective noun is composed of are thought of, it can take a plural verb.
Subject Verb Agreement Worksheet Class 8 Example:

The military work called out.
The crew were taken prisoners.

Some nouns which are plural in form, but singular in meaning, take a singular verb.
Example:

The news is true.
Physics is a branch of natural science.

When a plural noun comes between a singular subject and its verb, the verb used is singular in form.
Example:

Each of the sisters is clever.
A variety of objects charms the eye.
The quality of the mangoes was not good.

Words joined to a singular subject by with, together with, in addition to or as well as are parenthetical and therefore do not affect the number of verb.
Example:

The chief, with all his men, was killed.
Justice as well as mercy, allows.

When the subject of the verb is a relative pronoun, care should be taken to see that the verb agrees in number and person with the antecedent of the relative.
Example:

I, who am your friend, will guard you interest.
You, who are my friend, should not worry me.

The title of a book, play, story, musical composition and the name of a country, even though plural in form take a singular verb.
Example:

Sons and Lovers is an interesting novel.
The United States of America is a developed country.

Subject Verb Agreement Exercises Solved Examples for Class 8 CBSE

Question 1.
Complete the following sentences using an appropriate tense form.
(i) I ___________ here since morning.
(a) am waiting
(b) have been waiting
(c) had been waiting
Answer:
(b) have been waiting

(ii) It ___________ raining since yesterday.
(a) hasn’t stopped
(b) didn’t stop
(c) hadn’t
Answer:
(a) hasn’t stopped

(iii) I ___________ interested in metaphysics.
(a) am always
(b) have always been
(c) had always been
Answer:
(b) have always been

(iv) They ___________ in this street for twenty years.
(a) have lived
(b) have been living
(c) Either could be used here
Answer:
(b) have been living

(v) I ___________ to a foreign country.
(a) am never gone
(b) have never been
(c) was never gone
Answer:
(b) have never been

Question 2.
State whether the verbs underlined in the sentences given below have been used in their transitive or intransitive forms.
(i) The ants fought the wasps.
(ii) Some ants fight fiercely.
(iii) Ring the bell, Rama.
(iv) The ship sent rapidly.
(v) This horse never kicks.
Answer:
(i) Transitive
(ii) Intransitive
(iii) Transitive
(iv) Intransitive
(v) Intransitive

Question 3.
Underline the verbs in the sentences given below and state whether they are in the Active or Passive Voice.
(i) Sita loves Savitri.
(ii) The wall is being built by the mason.
(iii) Some boys were helping the wounded man.
(iv) The man killed the snake.
(v) The food prepared by Asha was eaten by Ram.
Answer:
(i) Sita loves Savitri. – (Active)
(ii) The wall is being built by the mason. – (Passive)
(iii) Some boys were helping the wounded man. – (Active)
(iv) The man killed the snake. – (Active)
(v) The food prepared by Asha was eaten by Ram.
Prepared – (Active)
was eaten – (Passive)

Subject Verb Agreement Exercises Practice Examples for Class 8 CBSE

Question 1.
Choose the following sentences using an appropriate tense form.
(i) Where ____________ the sun rise?
(a) does
(b) do
(c) had

(ii) I ____________ Susie Monday
(a) see
(b) am seeing
(c) Either could be used here

(iii) We ____________ the monkey on the 15th.
(a) are needing
(b) will need
(c) Either could be used here

(iv) “There is the doorbell.’ ‘I ____________.
(a) am going
(b) will go
(c) Either could be used here

(v) She ____________ half of her time traveling.
(a) spends
(b) is spending
(c) Either could be used here

Question 2.
Match the columns to makes sentences.

Column A	Column B
(i) Everyone laughs	(a) into a cow. She wasn’t looking where she was going
(ii) I will get	(b) of a dosa and a glass of buttermilk.
(iii) I will start work	(c) Off at the next shop.
(iv) Freni ran	(d) at Rinki’s jokes
(v) Which boy paid	(e) of the play?
(vi) Did you come	(f) with all the patients who are waiting?
(vii) Mala’s lunch consisted	(g) on my Maths project today.
(viii) What did you think	(h) for the ice cream?
(ix) Will you be able to deal	(i) across my compass when you cleaned the cupboard.

Online Education for समवायो हि दुर्जयः Summary Notes Class 7 Sanskrit Chapter 11

April 12, 2022

By going through these Online Education CBSE Class 7 Sanskrit Notes Chapter 11 समवायो हि दुर्जयः Summary, Notes, word meanings, translation in Hindi, students can recall all the concepts quickly.

Online Education for Class 7 Sanskrit Chapter 11 समवायो हि दुर्जयः Summary Notes

समवायो हि दुर्जयः पाठ का परिचय

प्रस्तुत पाठ में एक चिड़िया की रोचक कथा है। इस कथा में वर्णित है कि कैसे समूह में रहकर और एकता से कार्य करके छोटे-छोटे प्राणी भी विशालकाय हाथी को परास्त कर देते हैं। बहुत से निर्बल प्राणियों का समूह कठिनाई को जीतने योग्य बन जाता है। अत: इस कथा से हमें शिक्षा मिलती है कि सामूहिक एकता में शक्ति होती है।

समवायो हि दुर्जयः Summary

एक वृक्ष पर एक चिड़िया रहती थी। एक बार कोई मस्त हाथी आया और वृक्ष की शाखा को तोड़कर फेंक दिया। इससे चिड़िया के बच्चे पृथ्वी पर गिर कर मर गए। सन्ततिनाश से दुःखित उस चिड़िया को काष्ठकूट पक्षी वीणारवा मक्खी के पास ले गया। उसकी बात सुनकर वह मक्खी उसे मेंढक के पास ले गई।

समवायो हि दुर्जयः Summary Notes Class 7 Sanskrit Chapter 11

उन सभी ने मिलकर एक योजना बनाई। योजना के अनुसार मक्खी ने हाथी के कान में मीठा-मीठा गुनगुनाना प्रारम्भ किया। मस्ती की दशा में वह आँखें बन्द किए पड़ा रहा। इसी समय काष्ठकूट ने उसकी आँखें चोंच से फोड़ डालीं। प्यास से व्याकुल वह हाथी यत्र-तत्र घूमने लगा।

तब एक गड्ढे के पास मेंढक टर्र-टर्र की आवाज निकालने लगा। उसे तालाब समझ कर वह हाथी उस गड्ढे में गिर गया और मर गया। अत: कहा गया है कि मेल (या एकता) दुर्जय होता है।

समवायो हि दुर्जयः Word Meanings Translation in Hindi

(क) पुरा एकस्मिन् वृक्षे एका चटका प्रतिवसति स्म। कालेन तस्याः सन्ततिः जाता। एकदा
कश्चित् प्रमत्तःगजः तस्य वृक्षस्य अधः आगत्य तस्य शाखांशुण्डेन अत्रोटयत्।चटकायाः
नीडं भुवि अपतत्। तेन अण्डानि विशीर्णानि । अथ सा चटका व्यलपत्। तस्याः विलापं
श्रुत्वा काष्ठकूटः नाम खगः दुःखेन ताम् अपृच्छत्-“भद्रे, किमर्थं विलपसि?” इति।

शब्दार्थाः (Word Meanings) :
पुरा-पुराने समय में (in olden times), चटका-चिड़िया (sparrow), सन्ततिः-बच्चे (सन्तान) (chicks), प्रमत्तः-मतवाला (मस्त) (naughty), शुण्डेन-टूंड़ से (with trunk), नीडं -घोंसले को (to nest), भुवि- भूमि पर (on the ground), अण्डानि (ब० व०)-अण्डे (eggs), विशीर्णानि-नष्ट हो गए (destroyed), व्यलपत्-(वि+अलपत्) रोयी (was crying), विलापं-रोना (cry), किमर्थं-किसलिए (why).

सरलार्थ :
प्राचीन काल में एक पेड़ पर एक चिड़िया रहती थी। समय से उसके बच्चे हुए। एक बार किसी मतवाले हाथी ने उस पेड़ के नीचे आकर उसकी शाखा को तोड़ डाला। चिड़िया का घोंसला भूमि पर गिर गया। उससे अण्डे नष्ट हो गए। अब वह चिड़िया रोने लगी। उसका रोना सुनकर काष्ठकूट नामक पक्षी ने दुःख से उससे पूछा-“भली (चिड़िया) किसलिए रो रही हो?”

English Translation :
In olden times, there lived a sparrow on a tree. With time it had chicks. Once a naughty elephant came under the tree and broke its branch with his trunk. The sparrow’s nest fell on the ground. Due to that the eggs were destroyed. Now that sparrow was crying. Hearing her cry a bird named Kashthakoot asked her with sorrow—“Gentle (bird), why are you crying?”

(ख)चटकावदत्-“दुष्टेनैकेन गजेन मम सन्ततिः नाशिता। तस्य गजस्य वधेनैव मम दुःखम् अपसरेत्।”
ततः काष्ठकूटः तां वीणारवा-नाम्न्याः मक्षिकायाः समीपम् अनयत्। तयोः
वार्तां श्रुत्वा मक्षिकावदत्-“ममापि मित्रं मण्डूकः मेघनादः अस्ति। शीघ्रं तमुपेत्य यथोचितं करिष्यामः।” तदानीं तौ मक्षिकया सह गत्वा मेघनादस्य पुरः सर्वं वृत्तान्तं न्यवेदयताम्।

शब्दार्थाः (Word Meanings) :
नाशिता-नष्ट किए गए (were destroyed), वधेनैव (वधेन + एव)-वध करने से ही (by killing only), अपसरेत्-दूर हो (pass away), मक्षिकायाः-मक्खी के (to a fly), मण्डूकः-मेढक (a frog), शीघ्रं-जल्दी (quickly), तमुपेत्य-उसके पास जाकर (after going near him), पुरः-सामने (before), न्यवेदयत्-निवेदन किया (बताया) (told).

सरलार्थ :
चिड़िया बोली-“एक दुष्ट हाथी के द्वारा मेरे बच्चे नष्ट कर दिए गए हैं। उस हाथी की मौत से ही मेरा दुःख दूर होगा।” तब काष्ठकूट उसको वीणारवा नामक मक्खी के पास ले गया। उन दोनों की बात को सनकर मक्खी बोली-“मेरा भी मेघनाद नामक मेढक मित्र है। जल्दी ही उसके समीप जाकर जैसा ठीक हो, करेंगे।” तब उन दोनों ने मक्खी के साथ जाकर मेघनाद के सामने सारा समाचार बताया।

English Translation:
The sparrow said—“My chicks have been destroyed by a naughty elephant. My grief will pass away only with the death of that elephant.” Then Kashthakoot took her to a fly named Veenarava. After hearing both of them the fly said—“I also have a frog named Meghnaad as friend. Quickly we shall go to him and (then) do what is right. Then both of them along with the fly went to Meghnaad and before him narrated the entire incident.

(ग) मेघनादः अवदत्-“यथाहं कथयामि तथा कुरुतम्। मक्षिके! प्रथमं त्वं मध्याह्ने तस्य
गजस्य कर्णे शब्दं कुरु, येन सः नयने निमील्य स्थास्यति। तदा काष्ठकूटः चञ्च्वा तस्य
नयने स्फोटयिष्यति एवं सः गजः अन्धः भविष्यति।”

शब्दार्थाः (Word Meanings) :
मध्याह्ने-दोपहर में (in the afternoon), नयने-दोनों आँखों को (two eyes), निमील्य-बन्द करके (closing), स्थास्यति-बैठेगा (रुक जाएगा) (will sit), स्फोटयिष्यति फोड़ देगा (will pierce), चञ्च्वा -चोंच से (with beak), अन्धः-नेत्रहीन (blind).

सरलार्थ :
मेघनाद बोला-“जैसा मैं कहता हूँ, (तुम दोनों) वैसा करो। मक्खी! पहले तुम दोपहर में उस हाथी के कान में आवाज़ करना, जिससे वह आँखें बन्द करके बैठेगा। तब काष्ठकूट चोंच से उसकी दोनों आँखें फोड़ देगा। इस प्रकार वह हाथी अन्धा (नेत्रहीन) हो जाएगा।”

English Translation :
Meghnaad spoke—“Do as I say. Fly! first in the afternoon, you make noise in the elephant’s ear, because of which he will sit with his eyes closed. Then Kashthakoot will pierce both his eyes with his beak. Thus that elephant will become blind.”

(घ) तृषार्तः सः जलाशयं गमिष्यति।मार्गे महान् गर्तः अस्ति। तस्य अन्तिके अहं स्थास्यामि शब्द
च करिष्यामि।मम शब्देन तंगतँ जलाशयं मत्वा स तस्मिन्नेव गर्ने पतिष्यति मरिष्यति च।”
अथ तथाकृते सः गजः मध्याह्ने मण्डूकस्य शब्दम् अनुसृत्य महत: गर्तस्य अन्तः पतितः मृतः च।
तथा चोक्तम्- ‘बहूनामप्यसाराणां समवायो हि दुर्जयः।

शब्दार्थाः (Word Meanings) :
तृषार्तः (तृषा आर्तः)-प्यास से पीड़ित (suffering from thirst), महान्-बड़ा (big), तथाकृते-वैसा करने पर (after doing so), अन्तिके-पास में (near), गर्त-गड्ढे को (to the pit), मण्डूकस्य-मेढक का (of the frog), अनुसृत्य-अनुसरण (पीछा) करके (following), पतितः-गिर गया (fell), मृतः-मर गया (died), बहूनामप्यसाराणाम् (बहूनाम् + अपि + असाराणाम्) अनेक निर्बलों का (of many weak), समवायः-समूह (group), दुर्जयः-कठिनाई से जीतने योग्य (hard to win/beat/conquer).

सरलार्थ :
प्यास से पीड़ित वह तालाब पर जाएगा। रास्ते में बड़ा गड्ढा है। उसके पास मैं बैलूंगा और आवाज़ करूँगा। मेरी आवाज़ से उस गड्ढे को तालाब मान कर वह उसी गड्ढे में गिर जाएगा और मर जाएगा। अब वैसा करने पर वह हाथी दोपहर में मेढक की आवाज़ का अनुसरण (पीछा) करके बड़े गड्ढे के अन्दर गिर गया और मर गया। और वैसे कहा भी गया है निश्चय से अनेक निर्बलों का समूह कठिनाई को जीतने योग्य होता है।

English Translation :
Suffering from thirst he (the elephant) will go to the pond. There is a big pit on the way. I will be near that and make sound. Assuming the pit as a pond due to my sound, he will fall in the same pit and die. Now on doing so in the afternoon the elephant following the sound of the frog fell in the big pit and died. And it has been said, Definitely a group of many (though) weak is hard to win/beat/conquer.