Prasanna

Here we are providing Online Education for The Invention of Vita Wonk Extra Questions and Answers Class 7 English Honeycomb, Extra Questions for Class 7 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-7-english/

We have created the most comprehensive NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English Chapter Chapter 7 The Invention of Vita Wonk. These solutions are help to score more marks in your Board Exams.

Online Education for The Invention of Vita Wonk Extra Questions and Answers Class 7 English Honeycomb

The Invention of Vita Wonk Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

The Invention Of Vita Wonk Extra Questions Question 1.
According to Charlie what lives the longest?
Answer:
According to Charlie a tree lives the longest.

Invention Of Vita Wonk Extra Questions Question 2.
Who did Mr. Wonka asked Charlie to confirm Bristlccone pine trees live the longest?
Answer:
Mr. Wonka asked Charlie to confirm the fact with any deridrochronologist.

Extra Questions Of Invention Of Vita Wonk Question 3.
How did Mr. Wonka travel?
Answer:
Mr. Wonka used to travel across the world in the Great Glass Elevator.

The Invention Of Vita-Wonk Extra Questions Question 4.
Whose knucklebone were collected by Willy Wonka? Where did the old fles collected by Mr. Wonka live?
Answer:
Mr. Willy Wonka collected the knucklebones of a 700 years old Grimalkin that lived in a cave on Mount Popocatepetl. The old Flea used to live on Crumpets that was a 36 years old cat.

The Invention Of Vita Wonk Question Answer Question 5.
What was special about the Arabian horse? Mr. Wonka collected whose tow-nail?
Answer:
The Arabian horse lived for 5 years which is quite unusual for any normal horse. Mr. Wonka collected the toenail clipping of a 168 years old Russian farmer called Petrovitch Gregorovitch.

The Invention Of Vita Wonk Extra Question Answer Question 6.
On whom did Mr. Wonka tested the oily black liquid?
Answer:
Mr. Wonka tested the oily black liquid over an Oompa – Loompa volunteer.

Extra Questions Of The Invention Of Vita Wonk Question 7.
What was the need for Mr. Wonka to invent Vita – Wonk?
Answer:
It Vita – Wonk after taking many people have grown younger to an extent that their ages have gone in minus. All such people have disappeared and will be back only after they spend all those minus years being invisible. To counter these changes Mr. Wonka decided to invent a new drug to help people to grow older.

The Invention Of Vita-Wonk Extra Question Answer Question 8.
What were the ancient things that Mr. Wonka collected?
Answer:
Mr. Wonka had collected five ancient things. Mr. Wonka collected a pint of sap from a 4000 years old Bristlecone pine tree, whiskers of a 36 years old cat called Crumpets, an egg laid by a 200 years old tortoise that belonged to the king of Tonga. He also collected tail of 207 years old rat from Tibet and tail of 51 years old horse in Arabia.

The Invention Of Vita Wonk Class 7 Extra Questions Question 9.
What changes in the appearance of Oompa – Loompa volunteer after taking the drops of Vita – Wonk?
Answer:
The obvious changes of again appeared on Oompa-Loompa. After taking drops of Vita-Wonk the Oompa-Loompa volunteer began to wrinkle and shrivel its hair started falling. Within no while the changes were visible and become an old man who looked around 75 years old.

Invention Of Vita Wonk Question Answer Question 10.
How has the of invention of Vita-Wonk progressed?
Answer:
Willy Wonka took much pain. He travelled across he globe in his Great Glass Elevator to collect items for Vita-Wonk. He collected samples from some of the oldest living creatures in the world. He mixed these items, boiled and bubbled them several times in his inventing room and then invented a one tiny cupful of an oily black liquid. He tested this on a 20 years old Oompa – Loompa volunteer and within minutes he turned into a 75 years old creature. This was how Vita-Wonk was discovered.

The Invention of Vita Wonk Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

The Invention Of Vita-Wonk Question Answer Question 1.
How does the Roald Dahl story to infuse the creativity increase the power of imagination in the children?
Answer:
The children are a powerhouse of imagination and creativity. The story boosts the spirit and it gives wings to the imagination of the children. Roald Dahe has a humorous and creative writing style that suits to the delicate mind of children. The language, description of characters is simple. Yet bombastic words used in the lesson helps cognitive development of child.

Extra Question Of The Invention Of Vita Wonk Question 2.
Why the impact of inveritions and discoveries need to be regulated?
Answer:
Life is an ongoing process with development and growth. Various invention and discoveries benefitted humanity and nature: Yet a few were disastrous. Human mind is highly creative but its energy should be used in doing general good for everybody. The medicine for making young did no good to Mr. Wonka, so he prepared antidote named. Wonka – Vite. Nature needs to be balanced. Service to nature should be aimed at with every research/invention.

The Invention Of Vita Wonk Question 3.
(i) What trees does Mr Wonka mention? Which trees does he say lives the longest?
(ii) How long does this tree live? Where can you find it?
Answer:
(i) Mr Wonka mentions fir, Oak, cedar and Bristlecone Pine trees lives the longest.
(ii) Bristlecone Pine lives for over 4000 years and one can find them upon the slopes of wheeler peak in Nevada, USA.

Question 4.
Who many of the oldest living things can you remember from Mr Wonka’s list? (Don’t look back at the story!) Do you think all these things really exist, or are some of them purely imaginary?
Answer:
With the exception of 4000-year-old Bristlecone Pine, the things mentioned in Mr Wonka’s list are purely Imaginary.

Question 5.
Why does Mr Wonka collect item from the oldest things? Do you think this is the right way to begin his invention?
Answer:
Mr Wonka wanted to create an item that will make people older so he collected items from the oldest thing. This is in fact a foolish way to begin an invention.

Question 6.
What happens to the volunteer who swallows four drops of the new invention? What is the name of the invention?
Answer:
The moment the brave twenty years old Oompa-Loompa volunteer swallowed four drops of the new invention, he began wrinkling and shriveling up all over. His hair started dropping off and his teeth started falling out. Before Mr Wonka knew it, the volunteer had suddenly become an old man of seventy five. The name of the invention was Vita-work.

The Invention of Vita Wonk Extra Questions and Answers Reference to Context

Question 1.
Mr. Wonka said, “ So once again I rolled my sleeves and set to work. Once again I squeezed my brain,
searching for the new recipe… I had to create age… to make people old… old, older, oldest… ‘Ha-ha!’ I cried for now the ideas were beginning to come. “What is the oldest living thing in the world? What lives longer .then everything else?’

(i) Who is I in the above line?
(ii) Whom is he talking to?
(iii) Why did he roll up his sleeves?
(iv) What was he looking out for?
(v) Write three degree of adjective’s (old) from the passage.
Answer:
(i) T is Mr. Wonka in the above lines.
(ii) He was talking to Charlie.
(iii) Mr. Wonka rolled up his sleeves in search for new recipe.
(iv) He was looking out for the oldest living things in the world.
(v) old-older-oldest.

Question 2.
Let me just say quickly that in the end, after lots of boiling and bubbling and mixing and testing in my inventing Room, I produced one tiny cupful of oily black liquid and gave four drops of it to a brave twenty-year-old Oompa-Loompa volunteer to see what happened.” “What did happen?” Charlie asked. “It was fantastic!” Cried Mr Wonka. “The moment he swallowed it, he began wrinkling and shrivelling up all over and his hair started dropping off and his teeth started falling out and, before I knew it, he had suddenly become an old fellow of seventy-five! And thus, my dear Charlie, was Vita-Wonk invented!”

(i) What did Mr. Wonka tell Charlie in the end?
(ii) Who had volunteered to take the medicine?
(iii) What did happen to the volunteer?
(iv) What signs of ageing appeared on him?
(v) Give the meaning of ‘shriveling up’.
Answer:
(i) Mr. Wonka told Charlie that he boiled, mixed and tested black liquid.
(ii) A twenty years old Oompa – Loompa volunteered to take the medicine.
(iii) The volunteer grew older to the age of seventy five. Wrinkles appeared on his face.
(iv) The volunteer began wrinkling; shrivelling up his hair and his teeth began to fall.
(v) To contract.

Here we are providing Online Education for Reach for the Top Extra Questions and Answers Class 9 English Beehive, Extra Questions for Class 9 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-9-english/

Online Education Reach for the Top Extra Questions and Answers Class 9 English Beehive

Reach for the Top Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Reach For The Top Class 9 Extra Questions And Answers Question 1.
What made Santosh Yadav achieve fame and greatness?
Answer:
Santosh Yadav is the only woman in the world who has scaled Mt Everest twice. Santosh Yadav scaled Mt Everest when she was barely twenty years of age, becoming the youngest woman in the world to achieve the feat. Within twelve months, Santosh scaled the Everest a second time as a member of an Indo-Nepalese Women’s Expedition. She thus set a record as the only woman to have scaled the Everest twice.

Reach For The Top Extra Questions Question 2.
Why was the ‘holy man’, who gave Santosh’s mother his blessings, surprised?
Answer:
The holy man expected that like all other families in the villages, the family would also wish for the birth of a son. However, when he was told by Santosh’s grandmother that they wanted to have a daughter, he was surprised.

Extra Questions Of Reach For The Top Question 3.
What kind of society was Santosh born in?
Answer:
Santosh was born in Joniyawas, a small village in the Rewari District in Haryana. The society in this region was very conservative and orthodox. People were rigidly patriarchal and gender-biased. The birth of a girl was generally unwelcome and people strictly adhered to conservative traditions.

Reach For The Top Part 2 Extra Questions Question 4.
The grandmother wished her daughter-in-law give birth to a daughter. What light does this throw on her character?
Answer:
Despite being the member of a conservative family, the grandmother wished to be blessed with a granddaughter. This was because there were already five boys in the family. Hence, the family now wished for a daughter. This also shows her as a woman of progressive views.

Class 9 Reach For The Top Extra Questions Question 5.
What do you know about Santosh’s family?
Answer:
Santosh was born into an affluent family of landlords in a village, Joniyawas, in the Rewari district of Haryana. She was the sixth child in a conservative family, the only sister to five brothers. Though financially well-off, her family was orthodox and conservative in matters related to the education and upbringing of girls.

Class 9 English Reach For The Top Extra Questions Question 6.
Why was Santosh sent to the local school?
Answer:
Santosh’s parents were affluent and could afford to send Santosh to a school in Delhi. But they sent her to the local village school because they strictly followed tradition and it was customary in their society to send girls to the local school only.

Reach For The Top Part 1 Extra Questions Question 7.
How was Santosh different from the other girls of her village?
Answer:
Unlike other girls of her village, Santosh was not content with the traditional way of life. She used to wear shorts and went on to study further at Delhi. She did not get married at sixteen as most of the girls of her village did.

Reach For The Top Class 9 Extra Questions And Answers Part 2 Question 8.
Why was Santosh Yadav not content with a traditional way of life? What path did she choose and why?
Answer:
Right from childhood, Santosh was not content with a traditional way of life and felt that if she chose a correct and a rational path, the others around her had to change, not she. She wanted to chart her own course in life, rather than following the age-old customs and traditions. She wore shorts instead of traditional attire, went to study in Delhi when girls in her village got married. When her parents refused to pay for her education, she got them to agree by informing them of her plans to earn money by working part time to pay. her school fees. She chose the path of excellence through education, rational thinking and hard work and achieved unparalleled success as a woman mountaineer.

Reach On The Top Extra Question Answer Question 9.
When did Santosh leave home for Delhi, and why?
Answer:
Santosh left home for Delhi when she turned sixteen because her parents had begun to pressurize her to get married in keeping with the traditional practice in their community. She decided that it was the right moment to rebel and she quietly got herself enrolled in a school in Delhi to continue her studies.

Reach For The Top Class 9 Important Questions Question 10.
Why did Santosh’s parents agree to pay for her schooling in Delhi? What mental qualities of Santosh are brought to light by this incident?
Answer:
At the age of sixteen, Santosh got herself enrolled in a school in Delhi. When her parents refused to pay for her schooling in Delhi, she politely informed them that she planned to work part time in order to pay her fees. Her parents realized that their daughter was independent, had a strong will-power and firm self-belief. She could take her decisions and also stand by them. They saw her strong sense of conviction and her passion for education. So, they agreed to pay for her schooling in Delhi.

Reach For The Top Important Questions Question 11.
In what ways did Santosh show her dissatisfaction with the traditional life in the family?
Answer:
Santosh Yadav always opposed traditional ways. She wore shorts rather than wearing traditional dresses. She refused to give up her studies and get married at the age of sixteen. Though her parents put great pressure on her, she left her home and came to Delhi for high school, informing her parents she would earn her own money by working part-time if they refused to pay her fees.

Extra Questions Reach For The Top Question 12.
How did Santosh develop a liking for mountain climbing?
Answer:
From the window of her room in the Kasturba Hostel, Jaipur, Santosh used to watch the villagers going up the hills and then suddenly vanishing after a while. It inspired her to explore the hills. One day when she decided to check it out herself, she met a group of mountaineers. The mountaineers allowed her to join them and encouraged her to take up climbing. Thus, she developed liking for climbing.

Extra Questions For Reach For The Top Class 9 Question 13.
Why did Santosh decide to take up mountaineering?
Answer:
Santosh Yadav began to climb mountains when she met some mountaineers in the Aravalli Hills, who not only let her join them but also motivated her to take up mountaineering.

Extra Questions On Reach For The Top Question 14.
What did Santosh do after being motivated by the mountaineers to take to climbing?
Answer:
Santosh saved money and enrolled herself in a course at Uttarkashi’s Nehru Institute of Mountaineering and after completion of her semester in the college, headed straight for the Institute to be able to reach for her training in time.

Question 15.
Why did Santosh write a letter of apology to her father?
Answer:
Santosh had got herself enrolled in the Uttarkashi Nehru Institute of Mountaineering without seeking her father’s permission. She had thought of talking to her family about this during her holidays. But because her college term was extended by a few days, there was hardly any time between the end of the semester and her reporting date at the Institute. Due to her inability to go home, she wrote a letter of apology to her father.

Question 16.
What is the secret of Santosh’s success as a mountaineer?
Answer:
Santosh had a strong will power, great physical endurance and an amazing mental toughness. The single- minded determination and dedication helped her overcome all hurdles to emerge as a winner. She possessed a remarkable resistance to cold and high altitude. Her climbing skills and hard working nature made it easy for her.

Question 17.
When did Santosh get an opportunity to scale Mt. Everest?
Answer:
Santosh got an opportunity to scale Mt. Everest in 1992, just four years after she had met the mountaineers climbing the Aravalli Hills. She was hardly twenty years of age at that time when she became the youngest woman in the world to scale the highest peak.

Question 18.
How did Santosh’s seniors and fellow climbers appreciate her?
Answer:
Santosh’s her climbing skills, physical fitness, and mental strength impressed her seniors, while her concern for others and desire to work together with them found her a special place in the hearts of fellow climbers.

Question 19.
What incidents during the Everest expedition show Santosh’s concern for her team-mates?
Answer:
During the 1992 Everest expedition, one of her team-mates lay dying at the South Col. Santosh made all efforts to look after him. Unfortunately, the climber could not be saved. However, she did succeed in saving the life of another fellow-climber, Mohan Singh. Santosh shared her oxygen with him and saved his life. These incidents show her concern for her team mates.

Question 20.
When did Santosh scale the Mt. Everest for a second time?
Answer:
Santosh was invited by an Indo-Nepalese Women’s expedition to scale Mt. Everest within a year of her first expedition in 1992. Santosh joined them to climb the Everest for the second time. Thus, she scaled the Everest twice setting a record as the only woman to have scaled the Everest two times.

Question 21.
Why is Santosh Yadav’s name recorded twice for climbing Mount Everest?
Answer:
When she scaled the Mount Everest for the first time in 1992, Santosh Yadav, at the age of twenty, earned the credit for being the youngest woman in the world to climb the peak. She then scaled the Everest a second time just a year later, thus setting a record as the only woman to have scaled the Everest twice.

Question 22.
How did the government of India honour Santosh Yadav?
Answer:
Santosh Yadav, by the age of twenty-two had climbed Mt Everest, the highest mountain peak in the world twice, the only woman in the world to have done so. In recognition of her achievements, the Indian government bestowed upon her one of the nation’s top honours, the Padmashri.

Question 23.
What shows Santosh’s concern for the environment?
Answer:
As a fervent environmentalist, Santosh showed her concern for the environment by collecting and bringing down as much as 500kg of refuse that littered the mountains.

Question 24.
How did Santosh feel when she found herself on the ‘top of the world’ at the summit of the Everest?
Answer:
While standing on the “top of the world,” Santosh Yadav was overwhelmed with emotions of patriotism and bliss. She felt proud as an Indian when she unfurled the tricolour on Mount Everest. She was so happy that she experienced a kind of spiritual bliss. She found it hard to articulate her feelings and termed them as “indescribable”.

Question 25.
How did Santosh Yadav get into the record books?
Answer:
Santosh Yadav got into the record books for the first time when she scaled Mt. Everest at the age of twenty. She became the youngest woman in the world to climb Mt. Everest. She scaled the Everest for the second time next year, thus becoming the only woman in the world to do so.

Question 26.
How did Santosh Yadav set records both the times when scaled Mount Everest?
Answer:
Santosh Yadav set records both the times when scaled Mount Everest. When she scaled the peak for the first time she was the youngest woman to scale the Everest and when she climbed it the second time she was the only woman to scale it twice.

Question 27.
Describe Santosh’s fight against the system?
Answer:
Santosh came from a family that was conservative and orthodox. The society was patriarchal and the birth of a daughter, though not considered a curse, was not generally welcome. Girls were educated at the local school, and married off at the age of sixteen. Right from the beginning Santosh had to fight the system to assert for her right to equality and education. She never lost her spirit and determination. She defied all the customs and traditions which limit the girls within the spheres of family, marriage and children. She ventured into a man’s domain to become a role model for others.

Reach for the Top Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Briefly write what you learn about Santosh Yadav’s parents.
Answer:
Santosh Yadav’s parents were affluent but conservative people. Her father was a wealthy landlord from Joniyawas village of Rewari District in Haryana. Though they lived according to the prevailing customs in the village, their love for their daughter made them often give in to her wishes. They yielded to their daughter’s demands because they loved her dearly, and knew that she was sensible enough to have chosen a correct and a rational path. Thus, Santosh got full support from her parents, which in the long run helped her reach to the top.

Question 2.
Write a brief note on Santosh’s journey from her local village school to the Nehru Institute of Mountaineering at Uttarkashi.
Answer:
Born in an affluent but traditional and conservative landowners’ family in a small village of Rewari district in Haryana, Santosh was a rebel from early childhood. The local village school, but when her parents insisted she get married at the age of sixteen, she refused as she wanted to get a proper education first.

She got admission in Delhi school, despite her parents’ reluctance to send her there and informed them politely that she would earn by working part time. Santosh persuaded her parents to send her to Jaipur for higher studies after finishing high school. She got admission in Maharani College, Jaipur. She got a room in Kasturba Hostel which faced the Aravalli hills. She used to see the villagers going up the hill and disappearing.

This aroused her curiosity about the mountains. One day, when Santosh went near the hills, she met some climbers. They encouraged her to take to climbing. This whetted her interest in climbing and she saved money and took admission in Nehru Institute of Mountaineering at Uttarkashi.

Question 3.
“If I chose a correct and a rational path, the others around me had to change, not me”, said Santosh Yadav. How does her life justify her words?
Answer:
Born to conservative parents, Santosh did not want to let the norms of the patriarchal, gender-biased and rigidly conventional society dictate her life. Though her name means contentment, Santosh was not always content with her place in a traditional way of life and wanted to live life on her own terms. In fact, she believed that if she chose a correct and a rational path, others would have to change and align themselves to her choices, not her.

She wore shorts instead of traditional dresses as a child. Santosh resisted the pressure to get married at the young age of sixteen, declaring that she would not marry at all if denied proper education. Defying tradition, she got enrolled in a school in Delhi.

When her parents refused to pay for her schooling, she informed them that she would work part-time to manage her school fees. Seeing their daughter’s determination, her parents had to give in. Taking up mountaineering as her career was also an independent decision. However, she tried her best not to hurt her parents and wrote a letter of apology to her father for not having sought his permission before joining the Nehru Institute of Mountaineering in Uttarkashi. Thus, despite all odds, Santosh chose for herself a path which was absolutely unthinkable and unheard of for girls in an orthodox society.

Question 4.
Santosh “decided to fight the system in her own quiet way when the right moment arrived”. Elaborate.
Answer:
Santosh was a very rational and progressive girl, who wished to shape her life herself. She says, “From the very beginning I was quite determined that if I chose a correct and a rational path, the others around me had to change, not me.” Though it was not easy for a girl who came from a rigid patriarchal and traditional environment, she decided to fight the system in her own quiet way when the right moment arrived. And the right moment came when she turned sixteen. At sixteen, most of the girls in her village used to get married.

Santosh, too, was under pressure from her parents to do the same. Instead of giving in, she opposed her parents’ decision to marry her off at the early age of sixteen and got herself enrolled in a school in Delhi. When her parents refused to pay for her education in the city, she told them politely that she would earn money for her fees by working part-time. She politely but firmly made it clear that she was determined to overcome all obstacles.

Finally, her parents had to surrender. Her decision to take up mountaineering as a career was also handled very boldly by her. She took admission in Uttarkashi’s Nehru Institute of Mountaineering without seeking the permission of her parents leaving them with no choice but to accept her decision. Thus, Santosh rebelled against the orthodox, conservative system in a quiet but firm way.

Question 5.
Santosh had all the qualities of a good mountaineer. Comment.
Answer:
Mountaineering is a challenging career which demands great physical and mental strength. It requires boldness, fearlessness, sturdiness and faith in one’s abilities. Equipped with an iron will, physical endurance and an amazing mental toughness, Santosh Yadav was, in fact, made for mountaineering. Just within a span of four years of her training in mountain climbing, Santosh successfully scaled Mt. Everest” setting a record for being the youngest woman to climb Mt Everest.

She repeated this feat in less than a year’s time again and became the only woman in the world to have scaled the Everest twice. All this was made possible with her climbing skills, physical fitness and mental strength. Her resistance to cold and altitude proved to be added advantages. All these qualities, coupled with her team-spirit and her concern for her fellow climbers made her not only a good mountaineer but also a very popular one among her superiors and her fellow climbers.

Question 6.
Santosh is not only a good mountaineer but also a genuinely good human being. Discuss.
Answer:
Santosh Yadav proved her mountaineering skills quite early in her career. She displayed an unflinching will and a fearless mind that fought a rigid, orthodox society to rise to the top. But the iron will and mental toughness did not overshadow her qualities of co-operation and concern for others. That Santosh is endowed with a caring heart is obvious from the fact that she took great care of a climber who lay dying at the South Col. Though, the climber could not be saved, Santosh’s concern for him was really commendable.

In another incident, she saved the life of a fellow climber, Mohan Singh, by sharing her own oxygen with him. This sense of sacrifice and team-spirit won for her the esteem of her team-mates. Moreover, Santosh’s heart overflowed with patriotism when she unfurled the national flag on the top of Mt. Everest. Her concern for the purity of the environment also proves that she is a good human being. Such is her love for nature that she brought down five hundred kilograms of rubbish from the Everest. Thus, Santosh is blessed with the human qualities of both head and heart.

Reach for the Top Extra Questions and Answers Reference to Context

Read the extracts given below and answer the questions that follow.

Question 1.
The only woman in the world who has scaled Mt Everest twice was born in a society where the birth of a son was regarded as a blessing, and a daughter, though not considered a curse, was not generally welcome. When her mother was expecting Santosh, a travelling ‘holy man ’, giving her his blessing, assumed that she wanted a son. But, to everyone’s surprise, the unborn child’s grandmother, who was standing close by, told him that they did not want a son.

(a) Name the only woman in the world who has climbed Mt Everest twice.
Answer:
The only woman to climb Mt Everest twice is Santosh Yadav.

(b) What blessing did the holy man give her mother when she was expecting Santosh?
Answer:
The holy man blessed her mother that she give birth to a son.

(c) Why was the holy man, who gave Santosh’s mother his blessings, surprised?
Answer:
The holy man was surprised when the grandmother requested blessing for a girl.

(d) What does this show about her grandmother?
Answer:
Santosh’s grandmother was a progressive person who did not believe in conservative views.

Question 2.
The girl was given the name ‘Santosh ’, which means contentment. But Santosh was not always content with her place in a traditional way of life. She began living life on her own terms from the start.

(a) What was the girl named? How was she different from her name?
Answer:
The girl was named Santosh, which means contentment. She was not content with a traditional way of life.

(b) What kind of society was Santosh born in?
Answer:
Santosh was born in a society where the birth of a son was regarded as a blessing, and that of a daughter was not generally welcome.

(c) How did she began living her life from the beginning?
Answer:
Santosh lived her life on her own terms from the beginning.

(d) Give an instance of her unconventional behaviour from her childhood?
Answer:
While other girls wore traditional Indian dresses, Santosh preferred shorts.

Question 3.
“From the very beginning I was quite determined that if I chose a correct and a rational path, the others around me had to change, not me. ”

(a) Who speaks these words?
Answer:
Santosh Yadav, the mountaineer from Haryana, speaks these words.

(b) What kind of choices did the speaker make?
Answer:
Santosh Yadav always chose the correct and rational path.

(c) How was the speaker able to change those around her?
Answer:
Santosh Yadav was able to change those around her by making them yield to her firm decision through logic and rational argument.

(d) What light do these words throw on the speaker?
Answer:
These words show that right from her childhood, Santosh did not wish to follow conventions and tradition blindly, but had a logical and rational approach.

Question 4.
Santosh’s parents were affluent landowners who could afford to send their children to the best schools, even to the country’s capital, New Delhi, which was quite close by. But, in line with the prevailing custom in the family, Santosh had to make do with the local village school.

(a) What was Santosh’s family background?
Answer:
Santosh belonged to a wealthy landowning family of Haryana.

(b) Where did Santosh’s parents send their daughter to study? Why?
Answer:
Santosh’s parents sent their daughter to the local village school to study as it was customary to do so.

(c) What light does this throw on Santosh’s family?
Answer:
Santosh’s family members were conservative in their thought.

(d) At what age did Santosh begin to fight the prevailing customs?
Answer:
Santosh began to fight the system at the age of sixteen.

Question 5.
So, she decided to fight the system in her own quiet way when the right moment arrived. And the right moment came when she turned sixteen.

(a) Who is ‘she’ in this extract and which system did she decide to fight?
Answer:
‘She’ in the extract refers to Santosh Yadav, the famous mountaineer. She decided to fight the system of conservative traditions which blocked the progress of a person, especially a girl.

(b) How and why did she decide to fight the system?
Answer:
Santosh Yadav decided to fight the system in her quiet but firm way because she did not want to insult those who supported the traditions nor did she want to give in to the system.

(c) What was ‘the right moment’?
Answer:
The right moment was when she turned sixteen and was under pressure from her parents to get married like other girls of her village.

(d) What did’ she’ do at this moment?
Answer:
Santosh Yadav did not wish to get married at such a young age, so she threatened her parents that she would never marry if she was denied proper education.

Question 6.
A marriage as early as that was the last thing on her mind. She threatened her parents that she would never marry if she did not get a proper education. She left home and got herself enrolled in a school in Delhi.

(a) What is meant by “a marriage as early as that”?
Answer:
In Santosh’s village girls were married off at the age of sixteen.

(b) What did her parents want Santosh to do?
Answer:
Santosh’s parents wanted her to get married at the age of sixteen.

(c) What did Santosh do the escape parental pressure?
Answer:
Santosh Yadav left home and got herself enrolled in a school in Delhi.

(d) What light does this throw on Santosh’s character?
Answer:
Santosh was a person with a progressive way of thought and strong determination.

Question 7.
When her parents refused to pay for her education, she politely informed them of her plans to earn money by working part time to pay her school fees.

(a) Where did Santosh go for her education?
Answer:
Santosh decided to go to Delhi for her education.

(b) Why did her parents refuse to pay for her education?
Answer:
Her parents refused to pay for her education because Santosh did not follow the family tradition of getting married early and got herself enrolled in a school in Delhi against their wishes.

(c) What does this tell you about her parents?
Answer:
They were conservative and traditional in their thought and tried to pressurise their daughter into following the same path.

(d) How did she react to her parents’ decision?
Answer:
Santosh refused to give up her studies and told her parents that she would manage to pay her school expenses by working part time.

Question 8.
“I used to watch villagers from my room, going up the hill and suddenly vanishing after a while. One day I decided to check it out myself. I found nobody except a few mountaineers. I asked if I could join them. To my pleasant surprise, they answered in the affirmative and motivated me to take to climbing. ”

(a) From where did the speaker see people going up the hill?
Answer:
The speaker saw people going up the hill from her room in Kasturba Hostel, Jaipur.

(b) Where did she see the villagers going?
Answer:
She saw the villagers going up the hill.

(c) What did she decide to do one day?
Answer:
One day she decided check out climbing the hill for herself.

(d) How did this prove a turning point in her life?
Answer:
This climb up the hill with some mountaineers motivated her to take to mountaineering.

Question 9.
Then there was no looking back for this determined young girl. She saved money and enrolled in a course at Uttarkashi’s Nehru Institute of Mountaineering.

(a) What does the word ‘then’ imply?
Answer:
The word ‘then’ implies the point of time from when she took the decision to take up mountaineering.

(b) Why did she enrol herself at Uttarkashi’s Nehru Institute of Mountaineering?
Answer:
She enrolled herself at Uttarkashi’s Nehru Institute of Mountaineering to train for mountaineering.

(c) How did she pay for the course?
Answer:
She saved money and paid for the course.

(d) What light does this throw on Santosh’s character?
Answer:
This shows her strong determination and strength of purpose in her desire to pursue her goals.

Question 10.
I had to write a letter of apology to my father without whose permission I had got myself enrolled at Uttarkashi.

(a) Why did Santosh have to write a letter of apology to her father?
Answer:
Santosh Yadav had to write a letter of apology to her father because she had got herself enrolled for a mountaineering course without seeking his permission. Moreover, she did not have time to visit her parents as her course started immediately after her semester exams.

(b) Where had she enrolled herself and why?
Answer:
She had enrolled herself at the Uttarkashi’s Nehru Institute of Mountaineering in order to get proper training to pursue her interest in mountain climbing.

(c) Why didn’t Santosh seek her father’s permission before getting enrolled in the Institute?
Answer:
Santosh knew that her father would not allow her to pursue a career in mountaineering, so she decided to let her parents know about it after joining the institute.

(d) What light does this extract reflect on the speaker’s character?
Answer:
The extract shows that Santosh was adamant and determined to live life according to her choices. She did not mean to insult her parents in any way but at the same time did not wish to let go of her dreams and ambition.

Question 11.
Thereafter, Santosh went on an expedition every year. Her climbing skills matured rapidly. Also, she developed a remarkable resistance to cold and the altitude. Equipped with an iron will, physical endurance and an amazing mental toughness, she proved herself repeatedly.

(a) On what expedition did Santosh go every year?
Answer:
Santosh went on a mountaineering expedition every year.

(b) What skills did Santosh develop during her time at the Institute?
Answer:
At the Institute Santosh’s climbing skills matured rapidly. Also, she developed a remarkable resistance to cold and the altitude.

(c) What inherent skills did Santosh helped that helped her achieve success in mountaineering?
Answer:
Santosh possessed an iron will, an immense capacity for physical endurance and an amazing mental toughness that helped her achieve success in mountaineering.

(d) At what age did she climb Mt Everest for the first time?
Answer:
Santosh climbed Mt Everest in 1992, at barely twenty years of age, becoming the youngest woman in the world to do so.

Question 12.
If her climbing skills, physical fitness, and mental strength impressed her seniors, her concern for others and desire to work together with them found her a special place in the hearts of fellow climbers.

(a) Why were her seniors impressed with Santosh?
Answer:
Santosh’s seniors were impressed with her because of her climbing skills, physical fitness, and mental strength.

(b) What endeared her to her fellow climbers?
Answer:
Her team-spirit and her concern for her fellow climbers endeared her to them.

(c) Give an example of Santosh’s concern for others.
Answer:
Santosh Yadav tried her best to save the lives of two fellow climbers. She succeeded in saving the life of one, Mohan Singh, by sharing her oxygen with him.

(d) What great honour was given to Santosh by the Indian government in recognition of her achievements?
Answer:
In recognition of her achievements the Indian government bestowed upon her one of the nation’s top honours, the Padmashri.

Maria Sharapova

Reach for the Top Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Briefly describe Maria Sharapova.
Answer:
Maria Sharapova, the famous woman tennis player, won the women’s singles at Wimbledon in 2004 and attained the world number one position in women’s tennis in 2005. Though Russian by birth, she got tennis training in United States of America. She loves singing, dancing, reading novels and is very hardworking and dedicated.

Question 2.
How is Maria’s personality a mix of contrasts?
Answer:
The maturity, balanced mind and inner strength of Maria does not appear to be in accordance with her glamorous dress or her charming manner and ready smile. There seems to be some mismatch between her sophisticated outer appearance and her balanced inner-self.

Question 3.
Maria possesses some contradictory characteristics. What are they?
Answer:
Maria appears to be highly fashionable as far as her appearance is considered, but she possesses a charming nature that proves her to be friendly and simple. She appears to be sophisticated and yet warm and approachable. Her love for junk foods like pancakes with chocolate spread and orange drinks appears at odds with her fondness for evening gowns.

Question 4.
Explain: “all this happened in almost no time”.
Answer:
The phrase “all this happened in almost no time” means that Maria’s rose to the top in the world of tennis was very quickly and within a very short span of four years as a professional player she became the world number one in her chosen sport.

Question 5.
What does Maria declare to be her ‘mantra for success’?
Answer:
Maria works really hard to fulfill her dreams. She does not shy away from making any sacrifice. She does not allow herself to be emotional and sentimental. She is very competitive and works hard to be the best in whatever she does. She is driven by her hunger to succeed and the dream of becoming the world number one in women’s tennis. This is her mantra for success.

Question 6.
How was Maria different from other children?
Answer:
Maria was calmer and more composed, more confident and tolerant than the other children of her age. She also had inner strength that enabled her to make sacrifices – staying away from her mother, getting bullied by senior players in the hostel – that few children could think of making. Unlike most children, she did not buckle under hardships and adverse circumstances, but toiled hard to achieve success.

Question 7.
Why was Maria brought to Florida in the USA by her father? Why didn’t her mother go with her? How did Maria respond to this separation?
Answer:
Maria was brought to Florida, USA, by her father, Yuri, to get trained as a professional tennis player and reach great heights of success and stardom in this sport. Her mother, Yelena, did not go with her because of visa restrictions. This two-year separation was very painful for the young girl. But Maria endured this sacrifice to pursue her dreams.

Question 8.
How does Maria describe her journey from Siberia to United States?
Answer:
Maria was just nine years old when she had to leave her home, mother and her country to go to the United States. She had to make many sacrifices in a foreign land where she did not even speak the language. She was bullied by senior players and had to face a lot of humiliation and insults. But she did not give in. Her competitive nature and hard work helped her become the world number one in women’s tennis.

Question 9.
What important lesson did Maria learn during the first two years of her stay in the USA, away from her mother?
Answer:
During her first two years in USA, when she was living away from her mother Maria learnt that excellence comes at a price. Since she wished to reach the top in the field of tennis, she would have to make sacrifices and struggle hard. She endured the heart-wrenching separation from her mother for two years to attain her goal. Moreover, she also learnt how to put up patiently with adverse circumstances.

Question 10.
Maria’s father accompanied her to USA but why could he also not see her during her stay there?
Answer:
Maria’s father, Yuri, had brought his nine-year-old daughter to the USA to get her trained in tennis. U Unfortunately, he too could not see her frequently as he had to work very hard to earn to pay for her training.

Question 11.
How did some of the other pupils at the tennis academy trouble her? How did Maria cope with this?
Answer:
The other pupils at the tennis academy were much older than Maria and would return to the room around 11 pm when Maria was already asleep. They would wake her up and make her clean and tidy up the room. Maria coped with this trouble by not allowing it to depress her. Instead this strengthened her determination and mental toughness.

Question 12.
Why did Maria not retaliate against the humiliation at the hands of the other pupils?
Answer:
Maria was working hard to attain the world number one position in women’s tennis. She had no time to retaliate against others and their humiliation. She also had no time for sentiments. So, instead of retaliating against the humiliation at the hands of the other pupils, she took it as a challenge and worked harder to achieve success.

Question 13.
Despite being harassed by her seniors, why didn’t Maria think of quitting?
Answer:
Instead of letting the harassment by her seniors depress her and get her to quit, she became more quietly determined and mentally tough. She learnt how to take care of herself and never thought of quitting because she knew what she wanted. Her hunger for success and determination to achieve prompted her to put up with the humiliation and insults in order to steadfastly pursue her dream.

Question 14.
Describe Maria’s struggle to reach at the top of the world in the field of the women tennis.
Answer:
Maria started working to achieve her goal at a very young age, making any sacrifices required. She had to face separation from her mother and stay in completely unfamiliar and hostile surroundings for years. She also faced humiliation but never let it affect negatively. She took it as a challenge and with her mental toughness and competitive nature, she succeeded in achieving her goal.

Question 15.
What mental qualities of Maria are revealed by her decision not to quit and pack up on being harassed by her fellow-trainees?
Answer:
The torment and humiliation inflicted on Maria by her fellow trainees failed to demoralise her. This reveals that she had a firm determination and strong-will. She was much more mature than other girls of her age and knew the art of survival.

Question 16.
What makes Maria very hungry and determined?
Answer:
Maria came from a middle class background, where she had known deprivation. She didn’t want to miss any opportunity to succeed. She bore unfavourable and painful situations with forbearance. She lived apart from her mother, suffered bullying by older players, but never took it to heart. She said that if you came from nothing and you had nothing, it made you very hungry and determined.

Question 17.
What motivates Maria to keep moving ahead?
Answer:
Maria is motivated by her spirit of competitiveness to keep moving ahead. She works very hard once she has decided to achieve something. She considers it her job to excel despite severe hardships and demands.

Question 18.
Despite staying in America for years, Maria is a Russian at the core of her heart. Justify.
Answer:
Maria moved to Florida, USA, from Siberia at the young age of nine. Since then she has spent most part of her life here. Yet, she has remained a Russian through and through. She is proud of her Russian blood and Russian citizenship. She adds that she would play for Russia in the Olympics if given an opportunity.

Question 19.
Why does Maria call the US a big part of her life?
Answer:
Maria was trained for tennis in the US and attained the number one position in women’s tennis in the game as a result of the training. It was in the USA that she developed confidence, self-control, strength of will and endurance – qualities that are pre-requisites for a person to reach the top in any field. Since she gained all this in the US, she calls it a big part of her life.

Question 20.
In addition to tennis, what else is Maria fond of?
Answer:
Maria’s first love is tennis. Apart from this sport, she is fond of fashion, singing and dancing like any other young girl of her age. She also likes to read Arthur Canon Doyle’s novels, is fond of sophisticated evening gowns and enjoys pancakes with chocolate-spread and fizzy orange drinks.

Question 21.
What has lifted Maria Sharapova to the top of the world?
Answer:
Maria’s talent, her unwavering determination, her hunger for success, her willingness to work hard, her readiness to endure challenges, and her sacrifices have lifted her to the top of the world. In addition, monetary gains have motivated her to reach the top.

Question 22.
Why do her fans not grudge Maria her riches?
Answer:
Maria’s fans are aware of the immense hard work that has gone into making her attain the number one position in women’s tennis. The unparalleled sacrifices she made were investments that she is reaping the dividends of. Her earnest efforts and hard work have resulted in financial rewards that are well earned and well deserved. Therefore, nobody feels jealous of or grudges Maria her riches.

Question 23.
Why does Maria call tennis a business and a sport?
Answer:
Tennis is a competitive sport like any other and requires the player display stamina, nerve, determination, planning and strategizing. It is also a business because it is played professionally for money. Tennis tournaments involve millions of pounds being spent on sponsorship and prize money. Tennis generates a lot of business for media, drinks, clothes and sports companies too.

Question 24.
What makes How are Maria’s achievements significant?
Answer:
Maria exemplifies the success achieved through hard work and dedication. Her patience, determination, iron will and persistence and her hunger for success make her an ideal role model for the girls all over the world. Her winning Wimbledon and then becoming world’s number one woman tennis player also makes her achievement significant.

Question 25.
“Maria’s parents played an important role in her success? How? What other things motivated her?
Answer:
When Maria was only nine years old her training started. She moved to USA with her father, Yuri, leaving her mother, Yelena, behind in Russia as she had visa problems. In USA, her father had to work very hard to keep Maria’s tennis training going. Her mother stayed alone in Siberia without her husband and daughter to give her daughter the chance to succeed.

Reach for the Top Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
What do you know about Maria Sharapova’s parents?
Answer:
Maria’s parents, Yuri and Yelena Sharapova, Maria Sharapova’s father and mother contributed to her success by identifing their daughter’s potential at a very young age and going all out to get her the best tennis training that could be had in the USA. They knew well that it was going to be expensive and difficult, still they extended their full support to their talented daughter.

Yuri worked very hard to pay for Maria’s training and Yelena tolerated the heart-wrenching separation from her dearly loved child for two years. As parents, they displayed unflinching faith in their child’s abilities which gave Maria the boost to keep going ahead and to overcome the challenges that came her way.

Question 2.
What problems did Maria face as a child while she trained at the tennis academy in Florida? What sustained her?
Answer:
As a young child Maria had to make many sacrifices and endure loneliness in her struggle to reach the top. She came to the U.S. at the young age of nine years without her mother, who could not accompany Maria and her father due to some visa restrictions. During the first two years of their heart-wrenching separation she missed her mother terribly.

Though her father had accompanied her to the USA, he too could not frequently visit her as he had to spend a lot of time to earn money to pay for Maria’s tennis training. Apart from it, the other trainees at the tennis academy in Florida bullied, tormented and humiliated her. They were inconsiderate to Maria who was much younger and woke her up late at night and made her tidy up and clean the room.

Yet, Maria never let these problems get the better of her. Her eyes firmly fixed on achieving her goal of becoming the number one player in women’s tennis, Maria endured the hardships without thinking of quitting. In fact, the problems she faced strengthened her will-power and made her even more determined to succeed.

Question 3.
One has to sacrifice something to achieve something good in life. Do you agree? Justify with reference to Maria Sharapova.
Answer:
Yes, I agree without sacrifice one can never achieve good things in life. Maria Sharapova is an example of the truth of this statement. Maria Sharapova had to sacrifice her childhood pleasures in order to become a tennis star. She left her home at a tender age to achieve her goal in life.

At the age of nine, she came to USA with her father. Her mother could not accompany her as she had some visa restrictions. Her father, who had accompanied her to USA, had to work very hard to pay for her tennis training. She was not able to meet him often. At the hostel, she was bullied by the older players, who woke her up late at night to clean and tidy up the room. If she had not sacrificed her childhood, she would not have become a star.

Question 4.
The lives of Santosh Yadav and Maria Sharapova have much in common to prove that determined and consistent hard work paves the way to success. Identify the points of comparison and contrast in the lives of these two great players.
Answer:
Santosh Yadav, the legendary mountaineer from India, and Maria Sharapova, Russia’s tennis sensation who trained in the USA, are living examples that single-minded determination and dedication and consistent hard work are the way to success. Both young women had to struggle against odds to reach the top. Santosh belonged to a small village in the Rewari district of Haryana while Maria came from the frozen plains of Siberia where she did not have adequate training facilities.

Although both girls were supported by their respective parents, Santosh, at times, had to struggle to make her conservative family agree to her decisions, while Maria’s parents were willing to make any sacrifice to help Maria succeed. However, both the young girls had to sacrifice the loving and protective environment of their homes in order to train for their passion.

Both the women had unwavering determination, physical and mental strength, and undivided focus on their goals. They both rose to the number one position in their respective areas within a short span of four years. While Sharapova moved from the frozen Siberia to the plains of Florida, Yadav moved from the plains of Rewari to the frozen Mount Everest. But both of them are devout patriots and their love for their country remains constant.

Reach for the Top Extra Questions and Answers Reference to Context

Read the extracts given below and answer the questions that follow.

Question 1.
There is something disarming about Maria Sharapova, something at odds with her ready smile and glamorous attire. And that something in her lifted her on Monday, 22 August 2005 to the world number one position in women’s tennis. All this happened in almost no time.

(a) What contrast does Maria present?
Answer:
Maria Sharapova has a charming manner and is quick to smile. This spontaneous behaviour is at odds with her glamorous attire.

(b) What position did Maria achieve in 2005?
Answer:
She became world number one in women’s tennis.

(c) How long had it taken her to reach this position?
Answer:
It had taken her merely four years to reach this position.

(d) Where had Maria come from? How old was she then?
Answer:
Maria had come to USA from Siberia at the age of nine.

Question 2.
However, the rapid ascent in a fiercely competitive world began nine years before with a level of sacrifice few children would be prepared to endure.

(a) What does the phrase “rapid ascent” refer to?
Answer:
The phrase “rapid ascent” refers to the short period of time in which Maria Sharapova achieved so much success.

(b) What had happened nine years ago?
Answer:
Nine years ago Maria had come to USA from Siberia to receive training in tennis.

(c) What sacrifice did Maria have to make?
Answer:
Maria came to USA with her father while her mother had to stay back in Russia.

(d) What lesson did this teach the young Maria?
Answer:
Maria learnt that that tennis excellence would only come at a price, and she would need to pay that price.

Question 3.
Little Maria had not yet celebrated her tenth birthday when she was packed off to train in the United States. That trip to Florida with her father Yuri launched her on the path to success and stardom. But it also required a heart-wrenching two-year separation from her mother Yelena.

(a) How old was Maria when she came to the United States?
Answer:
Maria Sharapova came to the United States when she was just nine years old.

(b) From where did she make the journey to Florida and why?
Answer:
She came to Florida from the frozen plains in Russia with the purpose of taking training in tennis.

(c) What was the ‘heart-wrenching’ thing about the journey?
Answer:
The ‘heart-wrenching’ thing was that she had to part from her mother for two years.

(d) Why could her mother not accompany her?
Answer:
Her mother could not accompany her because of visa restrictions.

Question 4.
“I used to be so lonely, ” Maria Sharapova recalls. “I missed my mother terribly. My father was working as much as he could to keep my tennis-training going. So, he couldn’t see me either. ”

(a) What does the word ‘recalls’ in the passage imply?
Answer:
The word ‘recalls’ implies that Maria is sharing her memories with someone.

(b) Why was Maria lonely at the time?
Answer:
Maria was staying at the tennis academy at the time. She was only nine years old and did not speak English so could not communicate with the others. That is why she felt very lonely.

(c) Why did Maria’s father have to work so hard?
Answer:
‘ Maria’s father worked hard to earn enough money for paying the fees at the tennis training academy at Florida. ‘

(d) Where was Maria’s mother at the time? How long did it take for her to arrive in USA?
Answer:
Maria’s mother was still in Russia at the time due to visa restrictions. She joined her husband and Maria after two years.

Question 5.
Instead of letting that depress me, I became more quietly determined and mentally tough.

(a) Where was the speaker at the time?
Answer:
The speaker, Maria Sharapova, was at the tennis academy at Florida.

(b) What was ‘that’ which could not depress her?
Answer:
The senior trainees in the tennis training academy at Florida bullied and tormented Maria. They would wake her up late at night and order her to tidy up the room and clean it.

(c) What was the impact of ‘that’ on her?
Answer:
‘That’ – or – the bullying of her seniors made her more determined and mentally strong.

(d) What does the extract reveal about the speaker’s character?
Answer:
The extract reveals that the speaker had the ability to face difficult situations boldly and not yield to adverse circumstances.

Question 6.
The straight looks and the answers she gives when asked about her ambition make it amply clear that she considers the sacrifices were worth it. “I am very, very competitive. I work hard at what I do. It’s my job. ” This is her mantra for success.

(a) How does Maria show she is not a sentimental person?
Answer:
Maria shows she is not sentimental by not talking too much on her struggle and sacrifice.

(b) What does the writer mean by “straight looks”?
Answer:
The writer means that as she talks about herself, Maria looks boldly and steadily, and does not show much emotion or sentimentality.

(c) What helped Maria win the women’s singles crown at Wimbledon in 2004?
Answer:
Her ambition and desire to succeed, her toughness and her competitive spirit helped Maria win the women’s singles crown at Wimbledon in 2004.

(d) Why does the writer say there is no room for sentiment in her life?
Answer:
Sentiment would make her softer and less competitive.

Question 7.
“I’m Russian. It’s true that the U.S. is a big part of my life. But I have Russian citizenship. My blood is totally Russian. I will play the Olympics for Russia if they want me. ”

(a) What light does this statement throw on Maria’s character?
Answer:
Maria Sharapova takes immense pride in her nationality.

(b) What does she say about the US?
Answer:
Maria acknowledges the contribution of the USA where she took training in tennis and became the world number one tennis player.

(c) Why does the speaker say, ‘My blood is totally Russian’?
Answer:
Maria claims this because she was born to Russian parents in Russia. She did spend a large part of her life in the USA, but she proudly declares her Russian identity.

(d) Given a chance, what will Maria like to do for Russia?
Answer:
Being a Russian, and proud of her nationality, Maria would like to represent Russia in the Olympics and make them proud, if given an opportunity.

Question 8.
Few would grudge her the riches she is now reaping.

(a) How is she ‘reaping’ the ‘riches’?
Answer:
Maria has been declared the number one in women’s tennis. She earns a good deal of money from her game.

(b) Why would few grudge her the riches?
Answer:
Everybody is aware of the fact that Maria has reached the top by making a lot of sacrifices and by working extremely hard. Hence, the riches that she is earning from her game are well deserved and everybody readily agrees on this.

(c) Why has the word ‘reaping’ been used for riches?
Answer:
The word ‘reaping’ has been used metaphorically. Just as reaping the harvest is the reward for the hard work of the farmer, similarly earning money is the reward for Maria Sharapova’s labour and sacrifice.

(d) What according to her is the biggest motivation for her to do well?
Answer:
The biggest motivation for Maria to do well is to become the World number one in tennis.

Question 9.
Tennis is a business and a sport, but the most important thing is to become number one in the world.

(a) Why does Maria call tennis “a business”?
Answer:
For Maria, playing tennis as a professional game requires following rules and regulations and hard work just as running a business does. Also, as in business, tennis too brings profits in terms of name, fame and money.

(b) According to Maria, why is tennis also a ‘sport’ in addition to being a business?
Answer:
Maria calls tennis a sport, in addition to being a business, as it gives excitement and thrill just like other sporting events do. Every match is filled with expectations and anxiety both among the players and the spectators.

(c) What light does the extract throw on Maria’s personality?
Answer:
The extract shows that Maria is very practical and pragmatic in her views. She does not deny that winning at tennis is monetarily rewarding.

(d) Why did Maria wish to become number one in the world?
Answer:
Maria’s childhood dream was to become the number one tennis player in the world. She worked very hard and made a lot of sacrifices to train herself for this feat.

Question 10.
Like any number of teenaged sensations, Maria Sharapova lists fashion, singing and dancing as her hobbies. She loves reading the novels of Arthur Conan Doyle. Her fondness for sophisticated evening gowns appears at odds with her love of pancakes with chocolate spread and fizzy orange drinks.

(a) What are Maria’s hobbies?
Answer:
Maria’s hobbies include fashion, singing and dancing.

(b) What does Maria like to read?
Answer:
Maria likes to read the novels of Arthur Conan Doyle.

(c) What contrast does Maria present in her tastes?
Answer:
While Maria lists fashion as her hobby and likes to wear sophisticated evening gowns, she is also fond of junk food like pancakes with chocolate spread and fizzy orange drinks.

(d) What light does this throw on Maria’s character?
Answer:
She combines the sophistication of a fashionista with the simplicity of a teenager.

 

In this page, we are providing Online Education How do Organisms Reproduce Class 10 Extra Questions and Answers Science Chapter 8 pdf download. NCERT Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce with Answers will help to score more marks in your CBSE Board Exams. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-10-science/

Online Education for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 Extra Questions and Answers How do Organisms Reproduce

Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce with Answers Solutions

Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 Very Short Answer Type

How Do Organisms Reproduce Class 10 Extra Questions And Answers Question 1.
What is reproduction?  [CBSE 2012, 2016]
Answer:
Reproduction is the process by which an organism produces its young ones for perpetuation of its race.

How Do Organisms Reproduce Extra Questions Question 2.
Mention two modes of reproduction.  [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
The two modes of reproduction are-sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction.

Reproduction Class 10 Extra Questions Question 3.
Give one example for each of the following.
(а) Plants in which vegetative propagation occurs by grafting
(b) Plants in which vegetative propagation occurs by leaves  [CBSE 2012]
Answer:
(a) Rose, grapes can be vegetatively propagated by grafting.
(b) Bryophyllum can be vegetatively propagated by leaves.

Class 10 Science Chapter 8 Extra Questions Question 4.
Name a plant that has lost the capacity to produce seed. How can it reproduce?  [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
Banana. It can reproduce by vegetative propagation.

Class 10 How Do Organisms Reproduce Extra Questions Question 5.
Name any two consequences of unsafe sex.  [CBSE 2012]
Answer:
The two consequences of unsafe sex are:

1. Transmission of sexually transmitted diseases
2. Unwanted pregnancy

Class 10 Reproduction Extra Questions Question 6.
Name the hormone, the secretion of which is responsible for dramatic changes in appearance in girls when they approach 10-12 years of age.  [CBSE 2008]
Answer:
Oestrogen

Extra Questions Of How Do Organisms Reproduce Question 7.
Mention the modes of reproduction used by
(a) Amoeba
(b) Planaria  [CBSE 2009]
Answer:
(a) Amoeba – Binary fission
(b) Planaria – Regeneration

Extra Questions Of Reproduction Class 10 Question 8.
Name any two types of asexual reproduction.  [CBSE 2009]
Answer:

1. Fission
2. budding

How Do Organisms Reproduce Class 10 Extra Questions Question 9.
State the method used for growing rose plants.  [CBSE 2009]
Answer:
Vegetative propagation

Extra Questions On How Do Organisms Reproduce Question 10.
State which type of method is used for growing Jasmine plant.  [CBSE 2009]
Answer:
Layering.

Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 Short Answer Type I

How Do Organisms Reproduce Questions And Answers Question 1.
Write the full form of DNA. Where is it located? What does it consist of?  [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
DNA = Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid. It is located in the nucleus of the cell. It consists of nucleotides which make nucleic acids.

Chapter 8 Science Class 10 Extra Questions Question 2.
Mention the information source for making proteins in the cell. What is the basic event in reproduction?  [CBSE 2008, 2009]
Answer:
The information source for making proteins in the cell is deoxyribo nucleic acid (DNA). The basic event in reproduction is the replication of DNA and cell division.

Extra Question Of How Do Organisms Reproduce Question 3.
How does the creation of variation in a species promote survival?  [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
Creation of variation increases the probability or chances of survival of some members of the population under adverse conditions. This ensures the survival of the species under unfavourable conditions.

Class 10 Science Ch 8 Extra Questions Question 4.
Protozoans reproduce by binary fission as well as multiple fission. Which process is better and why? Give your opinion.  [CBSE 2011]
Answer:
Multiple fission is better than binary fission because it produces many daughter cells inside a protective structure called cyst which ensures their survival under adverse conditions.

Extra Questions Of Chapter How Do Organisms Reproduce Class 10 Question 5.
Name the kind of organisms that reproduce by spore formation. How will an organism be benefitted if it reproduces through spores?  [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
Rhizopus (Fungus) reproduces by spore formation. The organism is benefitted because the spores are covered by thick walls that protect them until they come in contact with a moist surface and begin to grow.

Class 10 Chapter 8 Science Extra Questions Question 6.
Compare the vegetative propagation in Bryophyllum and money plant.  [CBSE 2011]
Answer:
Bryophyllum reproduces by the adventitious buds present on the margins of its leaves.
Money plant reproduces by stem cutting which can produce the whole plant when placed in moist soil.

How Do Organisms Reproduce Class 10 Questions And Answers Question 7.
List any two pubertal changes that appear in both boys and girls.  [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
The two pubertal changes which appear in both boys and girls are:

1. The skin becomes oily and pimples appear
2. Pubic hairs appear

Ch 8 Science Class 10 Extra Questions Question 8.
(a) Specify the events which occur in the reproductive system of a human female.
(i) if egg is fertilised
(ii) if egg is not fertilised.
(b) Mention the changes that take place in uterus in both the above events.  [CBSE 2012]
Answer:
(a) (i) Pregnancy
(ii) Menstruation

(b) If the egg gets fertilised then the wall of the uterus becomes thick and spongy with a rich supply of blood vessels to receive the fertilised zygote.

If the egg does not get fertilised then the blood vessels in the wall of the uterus along with the spongy uterine tissue is shed in the form of blood and mucus through the vagina.

Reproduction Extra Questions Class 10 Question 9.
Prenatal sex determination has been prohibited by law, state two reasons.  [CBSE 2011]
Answer:
Prenatal sex determination has been prohibited by law to:

1. Check the female foeticide
2. Prevent the decline in female sex ratio

Extra Questions Of How Do Organisms Reproduce Class 10 Question 10.
How can pregnancy be prevented surgically?  [CBSE 2012]
Answer:
The pregnancy can be prevented surgically by:

• Vasectomy: The vas deferens of male is blocked to prevent sperm transfer.
• Tubectomy: The fallopian tube of female is blocked to prevent egg to reach uterus.

Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 Short Answer Type II

Question 1.
Mention any three advantages of variation in individuals.  [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
The advantages of variation are:

1. Forms the basis of evolution
2. Enables survival under adverse conditions
3. Enables the organisms to adapt.

Question 2.
Identify among the following organisms, which reproduce by sexual and which by asexual methods?
Amoeba, Human beings, Whale, Hydra, Spirogyra, Dog  [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
Sexual reproduction – Human beings, Whale, Dog
Asexual reproduction – Amoefea, Hydra, Spirogyra

Question 3.
How do the following plants reproduce?
(a) Potato
(b) Sweet Potato
(c) Ginger  [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
(a) Potato by tuber
(b) Sweet Potato by root
(c) Ginger by rhizome.

Question 4.
Explain budding in Hydra with the help of diagrams only. [CBSE 2013]
Answer:

Question 5.
Differentiate between reproduction and regeneration. Name any two organisms which grow by regeneration.  [CBSE 2012]
Answer:
Reproduction is the process by which an organism produces its young ones for perpetuation of its race. Some organisms have the ability to form new organisms from the pieces of its body which has been cut into different pieces. This process by which new organisms develop from the parts of an organism is called regeneration. Planaria and Hydra have the ability of regeneration.

Question 6.
Name the female reproductive part of a flower. Which part of a flower develops into a seed and a fruit? Where are the male germ cell and female gamete present in the flower? [CBSE 2011]
Answer:
Female reproductive part of a flower is carpel. Ovule develops into a seed and a fertilised ovary develops into fruit. Male germ cells are present in the pollen grain of a flower. Female gamete are present in the ovules located in ovary of a flower.

Question 7.
(a) Trace the path of sperms from where they are produced in human body to the exterior.
(b) Write the functions of secretions of prostate gland and seminal vesicle in humans.  [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
Sperm comes out from testis into the vas deferens and pass through the urethra before ejaculation. The secretions of seminal vesicle and prostrate glands provide nutrition to the sperms and also facilitate their transport.

Question 8.
Name one sexually transmitted disease each caused due to bacterial infection and viral infection. How can these be prevented? [CBSE 2008]
Answer:

1. Gonorrhoea caused by bacteria
2. AIDS caused by HIV (Human immune deficiency virus)

They can be prevented by using condoms and safe sexual practices.

Question 9.
Name the organ where sperms are produced and name the hormone produced by it. Why do sperms have a tail but ovum does not have it?  [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
Sperms are produced in the testes. The hormone produced by testes is testosterone. The sperms have a tail to enable them to swim and move towards the non-motile female gamete.

Question 10.
What is reproduction? Mention the importance of DNA copying in reproduction.  [CBSE 2008]
Answer:
Reproduction is the process by which organisms produce their own kind. The DNA copying is important because:

• It ensures the transmission of characteristics from parents to their offsprings.
• Variations are created during DNA copying which increase the chances of survival of the species and in the evolution of new life forms.

Question 11.
Explain how, offspring and parents of organisms reproducing sexually have the same number of chromosomes. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer;
The process of cell division called meiosis halves the number of chromosomes present in the cell of an organism. The gametes produced as a result of meiosis, fuse during sexual reproduction and restore the number of chromosomes in the offsprings of the individual.

Question 12.
Why does bread mould grow profusely on a moist slice of bread rather than on a dry slice of bread?  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Moist slice of bread is able to provide both moisture and nutrients needed for the growth of the hyphae. Dry slice of bread is able to provide only the nutrients but not moisture, so the hyphae do not grow on the dry slice of bread.

Question 13.
Would a Planaria cut vertically into two halves regenerate into two individuals? Complete Figure D and E by indicating the regenerated regions.  [NCERT Exemplar]

Answer:
Yes, shaded part in Figures D and E represent the regenerated halves.

Question 14.
From the internet, gather information about the chromosome numbers of five animals and five plants. Correlate the number with the size of organism and answer the following questions.
(а) Do larger organisms have more number of chromosomes/cells?
(b) Can organism with fewer chromosomes reproduce more easily than organisms with more number of chromosomes?
(c) More the number of chromosomes/cells greater is the DNA content. Justify.  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(a) No, there is no relationship between size of the organism and its chromosome number.
(b) No, process of reproduction follows a common pattern and is not dependent on the number of chromosomes.
(c) Yes, if there are more chromosomes in a cell, the quantity of DNA will also be more because the major component of the chromosome is DNA.

Question 15.
In tobacco plant, the male gametes have twenty four chromosomes. What is the number of chromosomes in the female gamete? What is the number of chromosomes in the zygote?  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Number of chromosomes in female gamete is 24.
Number of chromosomes in zygote is 48.

Question 16.
How are general growth and sexual maturation different from each other?  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
General growth comprises of the different types of developmental process in the body like increase in height, weight gain, changes in shape and size of the body. Sexual maturation refers to the specific changes which occur at puberty like cracking of voice, new hair patterns, development of breast in female, etc.

Question 17.
Trace the path of sperm during ejaculation and mention the gland and their functions associated with the male reproductive system.  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Sperm comes out from testis into the vas deferens and pass through the urethra before ejaculation. The secretions of seminal vesicle and prostate glands provide nutrition to the sperms and also facilitate their transport.

Question 18.
What changes are observed in the uterus if fertilisation does not occur?  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
If fertilisation does not occur then the thick and spongy lining of the uterus slowly breaks and comes out through the vagina in the form of blood and mucus.

Question 19.
What changes are observed in the uterus subsequent to implantation of young embryo?  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
After implantation, a special tissue called placenta develops which connects embryo to the uterine wall. Placenta provides nutrients and oxygen to the embryo which are obtained from the rich blood supply of the uterine wall.

Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Why are budding, fragmentation and regeneration all considered as asexual types of reproduction? With neat diagrams explain the process of regeneration in Planaria.  [NCERT Exemplar]

Answer:
They are considered as asexual types of reproduction as all of them involve a single parent and no fusion of gametes take place in them.

Question 2.
Write two points of difference between asexual and sexual types of reproduction. Describe why variations are observed in the offspring formed by sexual reproduction.  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Asexual Reproduction:

1. Single parent is involved.
2. No fusion of gametes occur.
3. Progeny is genetically identical to the parent.
   For example, Fission in Amoeba

Sexual Reproduction:

1. Two parents are involved.
2. Fusion of gametes occurs.
3. Variations occur in the progeny.
   For example, Human beings

Fusion of gametes occurs during sexual reproduction. The gametes contain the same number of chromosomes but their DNA is not identical so variations arise among the offsprings.

Question 3.
Distinguish between pollination and fertilisation. Mention the site and product of fertilisation in a flower. Draw a neat, labelled diagram of a pistil showing pollen tube growth and its entry into the ovule.   [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Pollination: The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of a flower is called pollination.
Fertilisation: The process of fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote is called fertilisation.
The site of fertilisation is ovule. The product of fertilisation is zygote.

Question 4.
Distinguish between a gamete and zygote. Explain their roles in sexual reproduction.  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
The sex cell or germ cell in sexual reproduction is called gametes. There are two types of gametes, male and female. A male and a female gamete fuse with each other during fertilisation to form a zygote.

The gametes possess characters of their parents in their DNA and their fusion brings characters of both parents into one zygote cell. Zygote is the first cell of the next generation which divides to form an embryo which subsequently grows into a new individual.

Question 5.
Draw the diagram of a flower and label the four whorls. Write the names of gamete producing organs in the flower. [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Male gamete forming part – anther/stamen
Female gamete forming part – pistil/ovary/ovule

Question 6.
What is placenta? Mention its role during pregnancy.  [NCERT Exemplar, CBSE 2017]
Answer:
A disc shaped special tissue connection between embryo and uterine wall is called placenta. It contains villi on the embryo’s side of the tissue which are surrounded by blood spaces on the mother’s side. Roles of placenta are:

• It provides a large surface area for glucose and oxygen to pass from mother to the embryo.
• Removes waste substances produced by the developing embryo.

Question 7.
What are various ways to avoid pregnancy? Elaborate any one method.  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
(a) Contraceptive methods are used to avoid pregnancy which are of the following types:

• Mechanical
• Drugs (as pills)
• Loop or copper T and
• Surgical method.

(b) Surgical Methods:

• Vasectomy: The vas deferens of male is blocked to prevent sperm transfer.
• Tubectomy: The fallopian tube of female is blocked to prevent egg to reach uterus.
• Copper-T or loop is placed in uterus to prevent pregnancy.

Question 8.
How does fertilisation take place? Fertilisation occurs once in a month. Comment.  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:

• Sperm enters through the vaginal passage during sexual intercourse and moves upwards.
• Egg released from the ovary reaches the fallopian tube (oviduct).
• Sperm encounters egg in the oviduct and fertilisation takes place. Fallopian tube (oviduct) is the site of fertilisation.
• An egg is released once every month by the ovary as usually one ovum (egg) is released by an ovary during each cycle.

Question 9.
Reproduction is essentially a phenomenon that is not for survival of an individual but for the stability of a species. Justify.  [NCERT Exemplar, CBSE 2017]
Answer:

• The energy needed for survival of the organisms is obtained by them from life processes such as nutrition and respiration.
• Reproduction needs a lot of energy.
• Genetic material is transferred from one generation to the next as a result of reproduction through DNA copying.
• DNA copying takes place with high constancy and considerable variations, that is, advantages to the species for stability in the changing environment.

Question 10.
Describe sexually transmitted diseases and mention the ways to prevent them.  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Sexually transmitted diseases are infectious diseases transmitted during sexual contact. Various agents like bacteria and virus cause these diseases. For example, Gonorrhoea, syphilis, genital herpes, chlamydiasis, genital warts, trichomoniasis, hepatitis-B and HIV-AIDS are sexually transmitted diseases.

Principles to follow to prevent such infections:

• Avoid sex with unknown partners/multiple partners,
• Always use condoms during coitus.
• Use of mechanical barrier like condom prevents transmission of infection
• In case of doubt, go to a qualified doctor for early detection and get complete treatment if diagnosed with disease.

How do Organisms Reproduce HOTS Questions With Answers

Question 1.
Ravi took three bread slices and kept them in the following conditions:
(a) Slice 1 in a dried and dark place
(b) Slice 2 in moist and dark place
(c) Slice 3 in refrigerator under moist conditions
What would he observe in each of the above conditions?  [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
(a) No spores will be formed in Slice 1 as moisture is not there.
(b) Fungal hyphae develop as white cottony mass and bear sporangia having spores in Slice 2 as they get both favourable conditions of moisture and darkness.
(c) No spores will be formed in Slice 3 as lower temperature in refrigerator is not favourable for their formation.

Question 2.
Small piece of root tissue was taken from the rose plant and placed in a nutrient medium. Each root tissue produced a new rose plant. Name the reproductive process involved. What type of genes will be possessed by the new rose plant?  [CBSE 2012]
Answer:
The reproductive process involved is called as tissue culture. The new rose plant has the genes which are identical to the parent rose plant.

Question 3.
A student noticed that an organism by mistake was cut into parts. After sometime, both parts developed into new individuals.
(a) Name the mode of reproduction used by the organism.
(b) State the type of cells which carry this process.
(c) State two examples of organisms which multiply by this process.  [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
(а) The mode of reproduction used by the organism is regeneration.
(b) It is carried out by specialised which can proliferate and make a large number of cells by cell division.
(c) Hydra and Planaria.

Question 4.
Explain why fertilisation is possible only if copulation takes place during the middle of menstrual cycle?  [CBSE 2012]
Answer:
The release of ovum occurs around the middle of the menstrual cycle i.e., on 14th day. So, the chances of meeting of sperm and egg are increased during this period. Hence, if copulation takes place during the middle of menstrual cycle, the chances of fertilisation are more.

Question 5.
Name the plant hormones which help/promote
(i) Cell division
(ii) Growth of stem  [CBSE 2009]
Answer:
(i) Cytokinins help in cell division.
(ii) Auxins help in the growth of the stem.

Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 Value Based Questions

Question 1.
Rohini’s parents received a proposal for her marriage from a boy living in U.K. Before everything could get finalised, Rohini asked her parents to ask the boy to get his blood test report.
(a) Do you think it was right on the part of Rohini’s parents to do so?
(b) What moral values did Rohini showed?
(c) Name two STD’s along with their causative organism.  [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
(a) Yes, it was right on Rohini’s parents to do so because blood reports would be able to indicate whether the person has any disease, any sexually transmitted disease or is free of them.

(b) Rohini is intelligent, cautious, responsible and vigilant.

(c) Two sexually transmitted diseases are:

• AIDS caused by HIV
• Gonorrhoea caused by Neisseria gonorrhoea

In this page, we are providing Online Education Body Movements Class 6 Extra Questions and Answers Science Chapter 8 pdf download. NCERT Extra Questions for Class 6 Science Chapter 8 Body Movements with Answers will help to score more marks in your CBSE Board Exams. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-6-science/

Online Education for Class 6 Science Chapter 8 Extra Questions and Answers Body Movements

Extra Questions for Class 6 Science Chapter 8 Body Movements with Answers Solutions

Body Movements Class 6 Extra Questions Very Short Answer Type

Class 6 Science Chapter 8 Extra Questions Question 1.
What is the name of small bone which make up backbone?
Answer:
Vertebrae

Body Movements Class 6 Extra Questions And Answers Question 2.
Name the bones which protect the heart from all sides.
Answer:
Breastbone from front and the backbone at the back make a type of box to protect the heart.

Body Movements Class 6 Questions And Answers Question 3.
Which is the longest bone in our body?
Answer:
Femur

Body Movements Class 6 Extra Questions Question 4.
Does the shoulder bone also move when you move your arm?
Answer:
No

Body Movements Class 6 Worksheet With Answers Question 5.
Do the bones on the top of the skull move?
Answer:
No, they do not move.

Questions On Body Movements Class 6 Question 6.
Do the bones of upper jaw move?
Answer:
No, they do not move.

Class 6 Science Ch 8 Extra Questions Question 7.
At which point does the arm rotates?
Answer:
The arm rotates on the round pit like structure.

Class 6 Body Movements Questions Question 8.
How many types of joints are there in our body?
Answer:
There are five types of joints in our body.

Extra Questions On Body Movements Class 6 Question 9.
How many pairs of wing does a cockroach have?
Answer:
A cockroach has two pairs of wings which are attached to its breast by flight muscles.

Class 6 Science Chapter 8 Extra Question Answer Question 10.
How many parts are there in our arm? Name them.
Answer:
Our arm consists of two parts, the upper arm and the lower arm which are joined at the elbow.

Class 6 Science Body Movements Question Answer Question 11.
What helps the fish to move through water with low resistance?
Answer:
The streamlined shape of the body enables a fish to move through water with low resistance.

Chapter 8 Science Class 6 Extra Questions Question 12.
Write the names of three animals that have streamlined body.
Answer:
(i) Fish
(ii) Birds
(iii) Snake

Ch 8 Science Class 6 Extra Questions Question 13.
If you tie a scale with your arm, are you able to bend your elbow? Why?
Answer:
No because it prevents functioning of elbow joint.

Class 6 Body Movements Extra Questions Question 14.
What is a group of similar cells with same kind of function called?
Answer:
Tissues

Body Movements Question Answer Question 15.
What is cartilage?
Answer:
The bone like structure which is soft and elastic in nature and can be bent is called cartilage.

Body Movements Class 6 Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
What do bones of a skeleton do?
Answer:
The bones of skeleton provide a framework which give shape and holds our body together.

Question 2.
Name the two types of body movements shown by human beings and other animals.
Answer:
Human beings and other animals show two types of body movements.

• The movements of the body parts (e.g., mouth, head, backbone, arms, hands, legs and feet).
• The movement of the whole body from one place to another.

Question 3.
What are ribs?
Answer:
The chest bones are called ribs. They are the curved bones in our chest.

Question 4.
What is cartilage?
Answer:
At some places in the skeleton there is a material which is tough but not as hard as bones and can be bent. It is called cartilage.

Question 5.
Name the places in our body where cartilage are present.
Answer:

1. Cartilage is present in the pinnae (outer parts) of ears.
2. It is found at the end of nose.
3. It is found on the end of bones where they meet one another at a joint.
4. It is also present as cartilage discs between the vertebrae of the backbone.

Question 6.
What is shoulder?
Answer:
Shoulders are the part of the body to which our arms are attached.

Question 7.
How does a fish swim in water?
Answer:
When a fish swims, its front part curves to one side and the tail part also changes its position to another side. The tail fin helps in changing the direction.

Question 8.
What is skull? What is it made of?
Answer:
The bony parts of our head is called the skull. The skull is made of 22 bony plates joined together.

Question 9.
What is backbone?
Answer:
The backbone is a long hollow, rod like structure running from the neck to the hips, inside our body. The scientific name of backbone is vertebral column.

Question 10.
What is hinge joint?
Answer:
A hinge joint is the joint which allows movement only in one direction forward and backwards.

Body Movements Class 6 Extra Questions Long Answer Type

Question 1.
What is a muscle? Explain how it helps in movement.
Answer:
A muscle is the fibrous tissue in the body that has an ability to contract (when asked to do so by the brain). When a muscle contracts, it shortens (becomes smaller). Muscles are attached to the bones of our skeleton through a long fibre called tendon.

Muscle always work in pairs. When one muscle of a pair contracts, then the other muscle of a pair is relaxed. A contracted muscle can come back to its original position only when the other muscle of the pair contracts.

Question 2.
How many types of joints are there? Explain each of them.
Answer:
The main types of joints in the human are:

1. Hinge joint
2. Ball and socket joint
3. Pivot joint
4. Fixed joint

(i) Hinge joint: A hinge joint is the joint which allows movement in only one direction, i.e., forward and backward.
(ii) Ball and socket joint: In the ball and socket joint, one end of the bone has a round shape like a ‘ball’ which fits into a ‘socket’ (hollow space) in the other bone. Such joint allow movement in all directions, e.g., shoulder and hip joints.
(iii) Pivot joint: In a pivot joint, a cylindrical bone turns in a ring-type bone. The pivot joint allows movement in forward and backward and right and left, e.g., neck joint.
(iv) Fixed joint: In some joints, the bones are held so tightly together that they cannot move at all.

Question 3.
What is skeleton? State its functions.
Answer:
The skeleton consists of skull, backbone, ribs, breastbone, shoulder bones, hip bones, arm bones and leg bones. The human skeleton consists of a strong backbone which has skulls at its top end.

Following are the functions of skeleton:

1. The skeleton holds the whole body together and gives it a shape.
2. It protects many delicate internal organs of the body from damage.
3. It provides numerous points for the attachment of the muscles of the body.
4. Along with muscles, the skeleton helps in the movement of body parts and locomotion.

Question 4.
What is dislocation and fracture of bone? What precaution should one take when one gets a fracture?
Answer:
Any careless sudden movement a jump, fall or knock may cause an injury to the skeleton. It may be a dislocation or a fracture. In case of dislocation the bones at the joint are dislodged from their normal position. The ligaments may be torn apart or injured causing pain and swelling.

A fracture is a break in the bone. The break may be of a hair line crack or serious break in one or more points. Fracture also causes pain and swelling. In all these cases, the patient should soon be taken to a doctor or hospital.

Following precautions should be taken when one gets a fracture:

1. Never try to reset the bones on your own.
2. Place the injured part in a comfortable position.
3. Care should be taken to avoid jerk or movement of the injured part.

Question 5.
How a bone is formed? What kind of food should we take for proper growth and upkeep of bones?
Answer:
Before our birth the skeleton forms a soft and elastic piece of cartilage. Some of these cartilages, not all, are changed to bones. With the deposition of a substance containing calcium and phosphorus, the bones become hard and strong.

When a baby is born, its skeleton is soft. With the growth and development, bones become hard. At old age, the bones become hard and brittle.

For proper growth and upkeep of bones we need to take food which are rich in calcium and phosphorus, vitamins and proteins. Milk, curd, fruits, vegetables and eggs contain the needed nutrients.

Body Movements Class 6 Extra Questions HOTS

Question 1.
What is the difference between locomotion and movement?
Answer:
(i) Movement is an act of change in position or location of any part of an organism whereas locomotion is change in place of the whole body of an organism, from one to other.
(ii) Movement is shown by both plants and animals whereas locomotion is shown by only animals.

Question 2.
What will happen if our backbone is made of one single long bone instead of so many vertebrae?
Answer:
We will not be able to twist, turn and bend as we do it now.

Question 3.
How many bones are there in a newborn baby? How it becomes 206 bones by adulthood?
Answer:
There are approx. 305 bones in a newborn baby. Most of the bones fuses together to form single bone by the time of adulthood. So, it become 206 bones by adulthood.

Question 4.
What do you understand by brittle bone?
Answer:
By the time a person grew older, his body may reabsorb calcium and phosphate from the bones instead of keeping these minerals in the bones. Thus bones become weaker and can break easily without any obvious injury.

Question 5.
What do you think will happen if our body have as many number of movable joints as the number of bones?
Answer:
Too many numbers of movable joints can also make our work difficult. We may not walk or do our daily chores properly and easily.

Body Movements Class 6 Extra Questions Value Based Question (VBQs)

Sia fractured her leg while playing. Doctor plastered her leg and advised her to take calcium tablets and milk regularly. He also asked her to get plenty of sunlight. Sia followed the doctor’s advice.
(a) What is fracture?
(b) Why did the doctor advise Sia to take calcium tablets?
(c) Why did the doctor ask Sia to get plenty of sunlight?
(d) What value of Sia is shown here?
Answer:
(a) A fracture is a broken bone which ranges from thin crack to a complete break.
(b) Calcium tablets will help in quick healing of bones.
(c) Sunlight is the source of Vitamin D which is good to make our bones strong.
(d) Sia is an obedient girl.

Question 2.
Sam went to science laboratory to see the specimen of cockroach and bird wings. He observed many differences in them though both are used for flying. He reported his observation to science teacher. His teacher praised him.
(a) Can you list the differences between wings of cockroach and bird?
(b) How birds are adapted for flying?
(c) How many legs are present in cockroach?
(d) What values of Sam are shown here?
Answer:
(a) Wings of bird have feather and bones. Wings of bird are actually fore limbs of birds. Birds have only one pair of wing. Wings of cockroach do not have feather and bones. It is somewhat translucent. Cockroach have two pairs of wings.
(b) Birds have streamlined body with strong muscles and light bones which make them adaptive for flying.
(c) Cockroach has 3 pairs of legs.
(d) Sam is intelligent, curious, hard working and a good observer.