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Here we are providing Online Education for Ozymandias Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English Literature Reader, Extra Questions for Class 10 English was designed by subject expert teachers.

Online Education for Ozymandias Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English Literature

Ozymandias Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Ozymandias Questions And Answers Question 1.
Comment on the irony of the Pharaoh’s words, “Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!”
Answer:
This quote implies that no one will ever surpass this work. One might even conclude from this that Ozymandias would even challenge God himself. The irony in this is that all that remains of the mighty zymandias is this broken statue, and that this statue, which was intended to create fear, now only creates wonder because of its ruined condition. The inscription is a verbal irony, for the words are egotistical but are etched on a broken statue that no longer makes other rulers fear.

Ozymandias Short Answer Questions Question 2.
Briefly describe the statue of Ozymandias.
Answer:
The statue is a huge one. Two trunkless legs of the statue of Ozymandias are still standing on a pedestal.
The half-broken face is lying shattered near the legs, half buried in the sand. There is an inscription on the pedestal that says, “My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look upon my works, ye Mighty, and despair!”

Ozymandias Question And Answer Question 3.
Describe the look on the face of the statue.
Answer:
The expression on the face of the statue was that of sneering. It seemed as if the king was looking upon everyone with contempt.

Ozymandias Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Ozymandias Poem Questions And Answers Question 1.
As the traveller, write a diary entry about what you saw in the ancient land where you had gone on a visit.
Answer:
I travelled to a place where an ancient civilisation once existed. I saw an old, dilapidated statue in the middle of the desert. The face of the statue looked stem and powerful. The sculptor did a good job at expressing the ruler’s personality which consisted of disdain and contempt for others.

The irony of the situation is reflected in the writing on the pedestal which said: “My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look upon my works, ye Mighty, and despair!” No other evidence of his strength except this giant, broken statue, could survive the  ravages of time. This incident reminds one of man’s mortality and how all his pride gets destroyed while only art remains.

Ozymandias Questions And Answers Pdf Question 2.
As the sculptor, write a diary entry about the statue of Ozymandias you created.
Answer:
Ozymandias commissioned me to create his statue. He is an arrogant ruler. Every time I look at him, I see disdain and contempt for others. He wants me to carve on the pedestal “My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look upon my works, ye Mighty, and despair!”
I wonder, will my art survive?

Ozymandias Question Answers Question 3.
The proud Ozymandias lies forgotten in the desert. Comment.
Answer:
In the inscription on the pedestal, Ozymandias calls himself the “king of kings” while also implying that his “works” will be unsurpassed and remembered for eternity. The proud Ozymandias thinks highly of himself and of what he has achieved, both politically and artistically.

The statue is a symbol of Ozymandias’s ambition, pride, and absolute power. The value derived from the poem is that kingdoms and political regimes will eventually crumble, leaving no trace of their existence except, perhaps, broken monuments.

Ozymandias Extra Questions and Answers Reference to Context

Read the extracts below and answer the questions that follow. Write the answers in one or two lines only.

Ozymandias Extra Questions Question 1.
I met a traveller from an antique land
Who said: Two vast and trunkless legs of stone
Stand in the desert.

(a) Where had the traveller come from?
Answer:
The traveller had come from a land where a civilisation flourished in ancient times. He is probably referring to Egypt.

(b) What had he seen there?
Answer:
The traveller had seen a huge statue of a king called Ozymandias.

(c) What part of it still stood?
Answer:
Only the legs of the statue still stood.

Ozymandias Poem Question Answers Question 2.
“Near them, on the sand,
Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown,
And wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command,
Tell that its sculptor well those passions read.”

(a) What is ‘them’?
Answer:
‘Them’ are the two legs of the statue.

(b) What lies near them?
Answer:
The half-shattered face of the statue lies near them.

(c) Whose expression did the sculptor read well?
Answer:
The sculptor read the expression on the face of Ozymandias.

Ozymandias Extract Questions Question 3.
“Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown,
And wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command,
Tell that its sculptor well .those passions read
Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things,
The hand that mocked them, and the heart that fed;”

(a) What is the expression on the face of the statue?
Answer:
There is an expression of contempt on the face of the statue.

(b) Whose hand mocked the expression?
Answer:
The hand of the sculptor mocked the expression.

(c) Whose heart fed the expression?
Answer:
The heart of Ozymandias fed the expression.

Ozymandias Question Answer Question 4.
“Nothing beside remains.
Round the decay
Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare
The lone and level sands stretch far away.”

(a) What does the poet mean by ‘colossal wreck’?
Answer:
The poet means the huge statue of Ozymandias.

(b) What literary device does the poet use in the last line?
Answer:
The poet uses the device of synecdoche.

Question Answer Of Ozymandias Question 5.
“And on the pedestal these words appear:
My name is Ozymandias, king of kings:
Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!”

(a) Where are these words carved, ‘Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair’?
Answer:
These words are carved at the foot of Ozymandias’s statue.

(b) Why should Ozymandias refer to himself as ‘King of Kings’?
Answer:
Ozymandias considered himself very powerful.

Here we are providing Online Education for The Portrait of a Lady Important Extra Questions and Answers Class 11 English Hornbill, Extra Questions for Class 11 English was designed by subject expert teachers.

Online Education for The Portrait of a Lady Important Extra Questions and Answers Class 11 English Hornbill

The Portrait of a Lady Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Discovering Tut Important Questions Class 11 Question  1.
What generated the interest of the world in King Tut?
Answer:
King Tut was just a teenager when he died. He was the last heir of a powerful family that had ruled Egypt and its empire for centuries. Since the discovery of his tomb in 1922, the modem world wondered about what happened to him and wondered if he could have been murdered.

Discovering Tut Extra Questions Class 11 Question 2.
How did nature seem to echo the unnatural happening?
Answer:
As King Tut was taken from his resting place in the ancient Egyptian cemetery, dark-bellied clouds that had scudded across the desert sky all day, veiled the stars in grey. It seemed that the wind was angry and had roused the dust devils.

Discovering Tut The Saga Continues Extra Questions Class 11 Question 3.
Why did the tourists throng to see Tut’s tomb? What was their reaction?
Answer:
The tourists came to pay their respects to King Tut. They admired the murals and Tut’s gilded face on his mummy-shaped outer coffin. They read from the guidebooks in whisper, or stood silently, pondering over Tut’s untimely death, dreading, lest the pharaoh’s curse befall those who disturbed him.

Discovering Tut: The Saga Continues Extra Questions Class 11 Question 4.
Who was Howard Carter? What did he find?
Answer:
Howard Carter was the British archaeologist who in 1922 discovered Tut’s tomb after years of unsuccessful search. He discovered the richest royal collection ever found that included stunning artifacts in gold that caused a sensation.

Discovering Tut Question Answers Class 11 Question 5.
Tut was buried in March-April. How did Carter conclude this?
Answer:
On opening a coffin, Carter found a shroud decorated with garlands of willow and olive leaves, wild celery, lotus petals and cornflowers. Since these flowers grow in March or April, Carter concluded that the burial was in these months.

Discovering Tut The Saga Continues Question And Answer Class 11 Question 6.
“When he finally reached the mummy, though, he ran into trouble.” Why was it so?
Answer:
When Carter tried to raise the mummy out of the coffin, he could not. The ritual resins had hardened, cementing Tut’s body to the bottom of his solid gold coffin. No amount of force could pull it out.

Discovering Tut The Saga Continues Question Answer Class 11 Question 7.
How did he decide to detach the mummy? Why?
Answer:
First Carter tried to loosen the resins with the heat of the sun. For several hours, he put the mummy outside in blazing sunshine that heated it to 149 degrees Fahrenheit but it was in vain. Then he decided to carve it out from beneath the limbs and trunk as there was no other way of raising the king’s remains.

Discovering Tut The Saga Continues Important Questions Class 11 Question 8.
What were the treasures found in the coffin? Why were they put there?
Answer:
King Tut’s coffin contained precious collars, inlaid necklaces and bracelets, rings, amulets, a ceremonial apron, sandals, sheaths for his fingers and toes, and his inner coffin and mask, all of which were made of pure gold. The royals, in King Tut’s time, hoped to take their riches along with them for their next life.

Important Question Of Discovering Tut Class 11 Question 9.
How has the viewpoint of archaeologists changed with the passage of time?
Answer:
The archaeologists, earlier, focussed on the treasures that the tomb would yield. The centre of attention, now, is more on the fascinating details of life and intriguing mysteries of death. Moreover, now they use more sophisticated tools, including medical technology.

Question 10.
What was the interesting fact about Tut that was brought to light in the late sixties?
Answer:
In 1968, more than forty years after Carter’s discovery, an anatomy professor X-rayed the mummy and revealed a startling fact: beneath the resin that caked his chest, his breast-bone and front ribs were missing.

Question 11.
Why was King Tut’s death a big event?
Answer:
King Tut’s demise was a big event as he was the last of his lineage and his funeral sounded the death rattle of a dynasty. Moreover, he died at the very young age of about eighteen.

Question 12.
What is known about Tut’s predecessor Amenhotep IV?
Answer:
Amenhotep IV, during his reign, promoted the worship of the Aten, the sun disk, and changed his own name to Akhenaten, or ‘servant of the Aten’, and moved the religious capital to the new city of Akhetaten. He outraged the country by attacking Amun, a major god, smashing his images and closing his temples.

Question 13.
What made a guard remark, ‘curse of the pharaoh’?
Answer:
When Tut’s body was taken out to be scanned and the million-dollar scanner had stopped functioning because of sand in a cooler fan, the guard jokingly remarked that the king had expressed his annoyance at being disturbed.

Question 14.
With King Tut was being finally laid to rest, nature was at rest too. Explain.
Answer:
When King Tut was finally laid to rest, the wind stopped blowing and was still, like death itself. Orion, the constellation that the ancient Egyptians knew as the soul of Osiris, the god of the afterlife, was sparkling. It seemed to be watching over the boy king.

Discovering Tut: The Saga Continues Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Nature echoed the unnatural happenings with King Tut’s body. Comment.
Answer:
To set to rest the modem world’s speculation about King Tut, the body was taken out of its resting place some 3,300 years later. He was required to undergo a CT scan to generate precise data for an accurate forensic reconstruction. As the body was taken out, raging wind began to blow which seemed to arouse the eerie devils of dust. Dark clouds gathered and appeared to shroud the stars in a grey-coloured coffin. When the body was put down for scan, the million-dollar scanner seemed to keep from functioning.

There was sand in a cooler fan. It was when he was finally laid to rest, that the winter air lay cold and still, like death itself, in this valley of the departed. Just above the entrance to Tut’s tomb stood Orion the constellation that the ancient Egyptians knew as the soul of Osiris, the god of the afterlife, supervising the young pharaoh returning to his rightful place.

Question 2.
“The mummy is in a very bad condition because of what Carter did in the 1920s.” What did Carter do and why?
Answer:
Howard Carter was the British archaeologist who in 1922 discovered Tut’s tomb. He searched its contents in haste. The tomb, which had stunning artefacts in gold, caused a sensation at the time of the discovery.

After months of carefully recording the treasures in the pharaoh’s coffin, Carter began investigating the three nested coffins. When he finally reached the mummy, he found that the ritual resins had hardened. Thus, Tut’s body was cemented to the bottom of his solid gold coffin. Carter set the mummy outside in blazing sun that heated it up to 149 degrees Fahrenheit, to no avail.

To prevent the thieves from ransacking, he chiselled the body free. To separate Tut from his embellishments, Carter’s men removed the mummy’s head and severed nearly every major joint.

Question 3.
Describe the changing attitudes of the archaeologists over a span of time.
Answer:
Archaeology has changed substantially in the intervening decades. It now focusses less on treasure and more on the interesting details of life and the intriguing mysteries of death. It also uses more sophisticated tools, including medical technology. In 1968, more than forty years after Carter’s discovery, an anatomy professor X-rayed the mummy and revealed a startling fact: beneath the resin that cakes King Titu’s chest, his breast bone and front ribs were missing.

Today, diagnostic imaging can be done with computed tomography, or CT, by which hundreds of X-rays in cross section are put together like slices of bread to create a three dimensional virtual body. It can even answer questions such as how a person died, and how old he was at the time of his death.

Question 4.
What are the facts that are known about King Tut’s lineage?
Answer:
Amenhotep III, Tut’s father or grandfather, was a powerful pharaoh who ruled for almost four decades at the height of the eighteenth dynasty’s golden age. His son Amenhotep IV succeeded him and initiated one of the strangest periods in the history of ancient Egypt. The new pharaoh promoted the worship of the Aten, the sun disk, changed his name to Akhenaten, or ‘servant of the Aten’, and moved the religious capital

from the old city of Thebes to the new city of Akhetaten, now known as Amama. He further shocked the country by attacking Amun, a major god, smashing his images and closing his temples. After Akhenaten’s death, a mysterious ruler named Smenkhkare appeared briefly and exited with hardly a trace. A very young Tutankhaten took the throne as the king, thereafter.

Here we are providing Online Education for The Sermon at Benares Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English First Flight, Extra Questions for Class 10 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-10-english/

Online Education for The Sermon at Benares Extra Questions and Answers Class 10 English First Flight

The Sermon at Benares Extra Questions and Answers Very Short Answer Type

The Sermon At Benares Extra Questions And Answers Question 1.
What was the original name of the Buddha?
Answer:
The original name of the Buddha was Siddhartha Gautama.

Sermon At Benares Extra Questions Question 2.
What did Siddhartha study in school?
Answer:
Siddhartha was sent away to school to study the sacred Hindu scriptures.

The Sermon At Benares Extra Questions Question 3.
What did Siddhartha see at the age of twenty-five?
Answer:
At the age of twenty-five, he saw a sickman, an aged man, a funeral procession and a monk begging.

Sermon At Benares Class 10 Extra Questions Question 4.
Where did Siddhartha get enlightened?
Answer:
Siddhartha got enlightened under a peepal tree after seven days.

Extra Questions Of The Sermon At Benares Question 5.
Why was the tree renamed as‘Bodhi Tree’?
Answer:
The Buddha got wisdom under the tree. So it was renamed ‘Bodhi tree’.

Sermon At Benaras Extra Questions Question 6.
What was the problem of Gotami?
Answer:
Gotami’s son had died. She wanted him to live again.

Extra Questions Of Sermon At Benaras Question 7.
What did she see in the city?
Answer:
She watched the light of the city.

The Sermon At Benares Class 10 Extra Questions Question 8.
What did she learn from the flickering of lights?
Answer:
She learnt that the fate of men is just like the city lights that flickered and extinguished again and again.

The Sermon At Benaras Extra Questions Question 9.
Who is being addressed by the Buddha?
Answer:
The people of Benares were being addressed by the Buddha.

The Sermon At Benares Short Questions And Answers Question 10.
What did he say about life of mortals?
Answer:
Buddha said that all mortals have to die.

The Sermon At Benares Questions And Answers Question 11.
What is inevitable?
Answer:
Death is inevitable.

The Sermon At Benares Important Questions Question 12.
What have the life and death of the man been compared to?
Answer:
The life and death are being seen and compared with the ripe fruits which have to fall.

The Sermon at Benares Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Question 1.
How did Gautama came to be known as the Buddha?
Answer:
Siddhartha Gautama wandered for seven years and finally sat down under a Peepal tree till he got enlightenment. After seven days of enlightenment, he renamed the ‘Bodhi Tree’ and began to teach and to share his new understanding and came to be known as the Buddha.

Question 2.
Why did prince Siddhartha leave the palace and became a beggar?
Answer:
While out hunting prince Siddhartha chanced upon a sick man, an aged man and then a funeral procession and he also saw a monk begging. He realised that world is full of sorrow so he left the palace in the search of enlightenment.

Question 3.
How did Buddha get enlightenment?
Answer:
Siddhartha Gautama wandered for seven years and finally sat down under a Peepal tree till he got enlightenment. After seven days of enlightenment, he renamed the ‘Bodhi Tree’ and began to teach and to share his new understanding and came to be known as the Buddha.

Question 4.
Why did the Buddha choose Benares to preach his first sermon?
Answer:
The Buddha preached his first sermon at the city of Benares. This city is regarded as the most holy of the dipping places of the River Ganga. That sermon has been preserved. It reflects the Buddha’s wisdom about one kind of suffering which cannot be understood.

Question 5.
What did Kisa Gotami say to Buddha? What reply did he give to her?
Answer:
Kisa Gotami went to the Buddha and asked him to give her the medicine to make her son alive. The Buddha asked her to bring him a handful of mustard seed. It should be brought from a house where no one had died.

Question 6.
Why was Kisa Gotami sad? What did she do in her grief?
Answer:
Kisa Gotami’s only son died and she was full of grief. She carried the dead son to all her neighbours. She asked them for medicine so that her son can be alive again. The people remarked that she had lost her senses.

Question 7.
What did Kisa Gotami do after the Buddha had asked her for a handful of mustard seed?
Answer:
Kisa Gotami went from house to house to get a handful of mustard seed. People gave her the mustard
seed. But when she asked if anyone had died in their family, they regretfully told her that the livings were few, but the deads were many. Kisa Gotami found no house where someone had not died.

Question 8.
What did the Buddha want to explain to Kisa Gotami?
Answer:
The Buddha wanted to explain to Kisa Gotami that man cannot get peace of mind by grieving. On the contrary, his pain will be greater and his body will suffer. He will make himself sick and pale. A man who overcomes all sorrows will be free from sorrow and will be blessed.

Question 9.
Why did Kisa Gotami go from house to house?
Answer:
Kisa Gotami was a lady who lived in Benares. Her only son had died and she could not’bear it. She went from house to house to cure his dead son. Someone told him about the Buddha and she reached him to cure his dead son.

Question 10.
What was the basic idea of the Buddha’s preaching?
Answer:
The basic idea of the Buddha’s preaching was that death is the ultimate truth of life. It is that every living being has to die one day. No one can escape from death. Grief cannot console anyone. We must accept this universal truth.

The Sermon at Benares Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
What is the nature of the life of the human beings according to the Buddha?
Answer:
The life of mortals in this world is troubled and brief. It is combined with pain. Nobody can avoid dying. After reaching old age, there is death. Such is the nature of human beings. Just as ripe fruits are in danger of falling; so mortals are in danger of death. As all earthen vessels after a certain period of time break, so is the life of mortals. All have to die. Only he can get peace of mind who does not lament, complain and grieve. He who has overcome sorrow will be free from sorrow, and be blessed.

Question 2.
How did Gautam Buddha get enlightenment? Explain with reference to the story.
Answer:
Siddhartha Gautama was a prince who was protected from the sufferings of the world. At the age of twenty-five, he came across a sick man, an aged man, a funeral procession and a monk begging for alms. These sights moved him so much that he went out into the world to seek enlightenment concerning the sorrows he had witnessed. Siddhartha wandered for seven years and finally sat down under a Peepal tree.

He vowed to stay there until enlightenment came. Being enlightened after seven days, he renamed the tree the Bodhi Tree, the Tree of Wisdom. Thereafter he began to teach and share his new understanding. At that point he became to be known as the Buddha. He preached his first sermon at the holy city of Benares.

Question 3.
Why and how did Siddhartha Gautama become the Buddha?
Answer:
Gautama Buddha was born as a prince named Siddhartha Gautama in northern India. At the age of twelve, he was sent away for learning the Hindu sacred scriptures. Four years later he returned home to marry a princess. They had a son and lived for ten years as befitted royalty. Upto the age of twenty-five, the prince was shielded from the sufferings of the world.

Then while going out for hunting, he came across by chance a sick man, an aged man, a funeral procession, and finally a monk begging for alms. These sights moved the prince so much that he went out into the world to seek a state of high spiritual knowledge concerning the sorrows of human beings. He wandered for seven years and finally sat down under a peepal tree. He got enlightenment after seven days. After that he came to be known as the Buddha.

Question 4.
How did Buddha make Kisa Gotami understand about the reality of death?
OR
What lesson on death and suffering did the Buddha teach Gotami in the chapter. The Sermon at Benaras’.
Answer:
Kisa Gotami’s only son had died. In her grief she carried the dead child to all her neighbours, asking them for medicine. Then a man suggested her to go to Sakyamuni, the Buddha. Kisa Gotami requested Gautama Buddha to give her the medicine that would cure her son.

The Buddha replied that he wanted a handful of mustard-seed which must be taken from a house where no one had lost a child, husband, parent or friend. Kisa Gotami went from house to house. People pitied her but she could not find any house where near and dear one had not died. She thought how selfish she had been in her grief. She realised that death is common to all human beings.

Question 5.
“The World is afflicted with death and decay, therefore the wise do not grieve, knowing the. terms of the world”. Explain with reference to the story “The Sermon at Benares”.
Answer:
According to Gautama Buddha, the world is affected by sufferings, disease or pain, death and decay. Therefore, the wise persons do not mourn, knowing the terms of the world. Nobody can get peace of mind from weeping or mourning. Rather his pain will be greater and his body will suffer. He will make himself sick and pale, yet the dead cannot be saved from his expression of sorrow. He who seeks peace should “draw out the arrow” of lamentation, complaint and grief. In this manner, she who has become composed will obtain peace of mind. He who has overcome all sorrow will become free from sorrow, and be blessed.

Question 6.
In ‘The Sermon at Benares’, the Buddha preached that death is inevitable and we need to overcome the suffering and pain that follows. Discuss.
Answer:
It is very painful to lose someone or something we love. When we lose someone it is a great emotional suffering. The more we grieve over death, the more painful it will be for us. Death is always unwelcome. We must realize that we are all mortals and death is common to all. We may lament and cry but we cannot bring dead back to life. All the riches of the world cannot bring life back. We must realize that death is common to all rich or poor. Those who have overcome sorrow will become free from sorrow and are blessed.

The Sermon at Benares Extra Questions and Answers Reference to Context

Read the following passages and answer the questions that follow:

Question 1.
Gautama Buddha (563 B.C – 483 B.C.) began life as a prince named Siddhartha Gautama, in northern India. At twelve, he was sent away for schooling in the Hindu sacred scriptures and four years later he returned home to marry a princess. They had a son and lived for ten years as befitted royalty. At about the age of twenty-five, the Prince, heretofore shielded from the sufferings of the world, while out hunting chanced upon a sick him, then an aged man, then a funeral procession, and finally a monk begging for alms. These sights so moved him that he at once went out into the world to seek enlightenment concerning the sorrows he had witnessed.
(i) How did Gautam Buddha begin his life?
(ii) For how long did he live as a prince?
(iii) How did it change his life?
(iv) Pick out the word from the passage that means same as—‘a person who belongs to the family of a king or queen’.
Answer:
(i) Gautam Buddha began his life as a prince, named Siddhartha Gautama.
(ii) He lived as a prince for about twenty five years.
(iii) He was moved deeply by the sorrow he had witnessed. He at once became a beggar and went out into the world to seek enlightenment.
(iv) ‘royal’.

Question 2.
He wandered for seven years and finally sat down under a peepal tree, where he vowed to stay until enlightenment came. Enlightened after seven days, he renamed the tree the Bodhi Tree (Tree of Wisdom) and began to teach and to share his new understandings. At that point he became known as the Buddha (the Awakened or the Enlightened). The Buddha preached his first sermon at the city of Benares, most holy of the dipping places on the River Ganges; that sermon has been preserved and is given here. It reflects the Buddha’s wisdom about one inscrutable kind of suffering.
(i) Why did he wander?
(ii) Where did he get enlightened?
(iii) Why was the tree renamed as “Bodhi Tree’?
(iv) Pick out the word from the passage that means the same as—“religious talk”.
Answer:
(i) He wandered for seven years in search of knowledge.
(ii) He got enlightened after seven days under a fig peepal.
(iii) The tree was renamed ‘Bodhi Tree’. ‘Bodhi tree’ stands for the tree of wisdom. The Buddha got wisdom under that tree.
(iv) ‘sermon’.

Question 3.
Kisa Gotami had an only son, and he died. In her grief she carried the dead child to all her neighbours, asking them for medicine, and the people said, “She has lost her senses. The boy is dead.”At length, Kisa Gotami met a man who replied to her request, “I cannot give thee medicine for thy child, but I know a physician who can.”And the girl said, “Pray tell me, sir; who is it?” And the man replied, “Go to Sakyamuni, the Buddha.” Kisa Gotami repaired to the Buddha and cried, “Lord and Master, give me the medicine that will cure my boy.” The Buddha answered, “I want a handful of mustard-seed.” And when the girl in her joy promised to procure it, the Buddha added. “The mustard-seed must be taken from a house where no one has lost a child, husband, parent or friend.”
(i) What had happened to Kisa Gotami?
(ii) What did the people remark?
(iii) What did Buddha ask the girl for?
(iv) Pick out the word from the passage that means the same as—‘went to’.
Answer:
(i) Kisa Gotami was grieved at the death of her only son.
(ii) The people remarked that she had lost her senses.
(iii) The Buddha asked the girl to procure mustard seed from a house where no one had died before.
(iv) ‘repaired’.

Question 4.
Poor Kisa Gotami now went from house to house, and the people pitied her and said, “Here is mustard- seed; take it!” But when she asked, “Did a son or daughter, a father or mother, die in your family?” they answered her, “Alas! the living are few, but the dead are many. Do not remind us of our deepest grief.” And there was no hopse but some beloved one had died in it.
(i) Why did Kisa Gotami go from house to house?
(ii) What response did she get?
(iii) Pick out the word from the passage that means same as—“pain”.
(iv) Was Kisa Gotami awe to bring mustard-seed from any house?
Answer:
(i) Kisa Gotami went from house to house to get the mustard seeds.
(ii) She got the negative response about the mustard seeds. She couldn’t find a house where no one had died.
(iii) ‘grief.
(iv) No, she could not bring mustard-seed.

Question 5.
Kisa Gotami became weary and hopeless, and sat down at the wayside watching the lights of the city, as they flickered up and were extinguished again. At last the darkness of the night reigned everywhere. And she considered the fate of men, that their lives flicker up and are extinguished again. And she thought to herself, “How selfish am I in my grief! Death is common to all; yet in this valley of desolation there is a path that leads him to immortality who has surrendered all selfishness.”
(i) Why was Kisa Gotami hopeless?
(ii) Why did she sit down at the wayside?
(iii) What did she see in the city?
(iv) Pick out the word from the passage that means the same as—an area which is filled with deep sorrow’.
Answer:
(i) Kisa Gotami was hopeless because the Buddha asked her to bring mustard-seed from a house where nobody had died before.
(ii) She sat down at the wayside because she had become weary and hopeless.
(iii) She watched the light of the city. The lights flickered up and extinguished again and again.
(iv) “valley of desolation’.

Question 6.
The Buddha said, “The life of mortals in this world is troubled and brief and combined with pain. For there is not any means by which those that have been born can avoid dying; after reaching old age there is death; of such a nature are living beings. As ripe fruits are early in danger of falling, so morals when born are always in danger of death. As all earthen vessels made by the potter end in being broken, so is the life of mortals. Both young and adult, both those who are fools and those who are wise, all fall into the power of death; all are subject to death. (Pages 134-135)
(i) What did the Buddha say about the life of mortals?
(ii) What cannot be avoided by those that have been born?
(iii) What is inevitable?
(iv) Find the word from the passage that means the same as—‘those bound to die’.
Answer:
(i) The Buddha said that the life of mortals in this world is short, full of troubles and combined with pain.
(ii) Death cannot be avoided by those who have been born.
(iii) Death is inevitable.
(iv) ‘mortals’.

Question 7.
“Of those who, overcome by death, depart from life, a father cannot save his son, nor kinsmen their relations. Mark! while relatives are looking on and lamenting deeply, one by one mortals are carried off, like an ox that is led to the slaughter. So the world is afflicted with death and decay, therefore the wise do not grieve, knowing the terms of the world.
(i) Why did the Buddha give this sermon to Kisa Gotami?
(ii) What is the fate of mortals in the world?
(iii) Why do the wise men not grieve?
(iv) Pick out the word from the passage that means the same as—‘the killing of animals for their meat’.
Answer:
(i) The Buddha gave this sermon to Kisa Gotami to console her because her son had died.
(ii) Mortals are carried off like an ox that is led to the slaughter.
(iii) Due to knowing the terms of the world, the wise men do not grieve.
(iv) ‘slaughter’.

Question 8.
“Not from weeping not from grieving will anyone obtain peace of mind; on the contrary, his pain will be the greater and his body will suffer. He will make himself sick and pale, yet the dead are not saved by his lamentation. He who seeks peace should draw out the arrow of lamentation, and complaint, and grief. He who has drawn out the arrow and has become composed will obtain peace of mind; he who has overcome all sorrow will become free from sorrow, and be blessed.”
(i) Who is the speaker in the above passage?
(ii) How does ‘weeping1 affect a person?
(iii) What should one do to obtain peace?
(iv) Pick out the word from the passage that means same as—‘expression of sorrow’.
Answer:
(i) The Buddha is the speaker in the above passage.
(ii) Weeping and grieving cause pain and suffering. A person who weeps does not obtain peace.
(iii) One should never lament, complain and indulge in grief to obtain peace of mind.
(iv) lamentation.