Prasanna

By going through these Online Education CBSE Class 6 Sanskrit Notes Chapter 8 सूक्तिस्तबकः Summary, Notes, word meanings, translation in Hindi, students can recall all the concepts quickly.

Online Education for Class 6 Sanskrit Chapter 8 सूक्तिस्तबकः Summary Notes

सूक्तिस्तबकः पाठ का परिचय

इस पाठ में संस्कृत साहित्य की कुछ सूक्तियों का संकलन है। ‘सूक्ति’ शब्द ‘सु’ उपसर्ग तथा ‘उक्ति’ मूल शब्द से बना है। सु + उक्ति = ‘सूक्ति’ का अर्थ है-अच्छा वचन। अत्यल्प शब्दों में जीवन के बहुमूल्य तथ्यों को सुंदर ढंग से कहने के लिए संस्कृत साहित्य की सूक्तियाँ प्रसिद्ध हैं। यथा परिश्रम से कार्य सिद्ध होते हैं केवल इच्छा करने से नहीं, पुस्तक में पढ़ी बात जीवन में अपनानी चाहिए, मधुर वचन सबको खुश कर देते हैं, इत्यादि अच्छी बातें इन सूक्तियों में निहित हैं।।

सूक्तिस्तबकः Summary

इस पाठ में उत्तम सूक्तियों का संग्रह है। इसका सार यह है कार्य परिश्रम से ही सफल होते हैं सोते हुए शेर के मुँह में हिरन नहीं जाते। क्या सूर्य के न रहने पर दीपक जलाया नहीं जाता है? पुस्तक में पढ़ा गया पाठ जीवन में साध लेना चाहिए। जो पाठ सार्थक न हो, उस पाठ का क्या लाभ? प्रिय वाक्य को सुनकर सभी मनुष्य प्रसन्न हो जाते हैं। अतः मधुर बोलना चाहिए। चलती हुई चींटी सैकड़ों योजन पार कर जाती है। एक स्थान पर बैठा हुआ गरुड़ भी एक कदम पार नहीं कर सकता।

सूक्तिस्तबकः Word Meanings Translation in Hindi

(क) उद्यमेन हि सिध्यन्ति कार्याणि न मनोरथैः ।
न हि सुप्तस्य सिंहस्य प्रविशन्ति मुखे मृगाः॥

शब्दार्थाः (Word Meanings) :
उद्यमेन-परिश्रम से (by hard work), हि-निश्चय से (निश्चित ही) (surely), सिध्यन्ति-सफल होते हैं (be successful), कार्याणि-काम (work), मनोरथैः-इच्छाओं से (desire only by desiring), सुप्तस्थ-सोए हुए (के) (Sleeping), सिंहस्थ-शेर के (Lion’s), प्रविशन्ति-प्रवेश करते हैं (to enter), मुखे-मुँह में (in lion’s mouth), मृगाः-हिरण (deer)।

अन्वयः (Prose-order)
कार्याणि उद्यमने हि सिध्यन्ति मनोरथैः न, सुप्तस्य सिंहस्य मुखे मृगाः न हि प्रविशन्ति। सरलार्थः परिश्रम से ही काम सफल होते हैं केवल इच्छाएँ करने से नहीं! (जैसे) सोए हुए शेर के मुँह में हिरण खुद ही नहीं प्रवेश करते (घुसते) हैं। भाव: मनुष्य सहित सभी जीव-जन्तुओं को अपने काम का सफल करने के लिए प्रयत्न करना ही पड़ता है।

English Translation:
Any work gets successful only by hard work not only by desiring just as a deer itself does not enter a lion’s mouth

(ख) पुस्तके पठितः पाठः जीवने नैव साधितः।
किं भवेत् तेन पाठेन जीवने यो न सार्थकः॥

शब्दार्थाः (Word Meanings):
पुस्तके-पुस्तक में (in the book), पठितः-पढ़ा गया, (that is read), जीवने-जीवन में (in life), नैव (न+ एव)-नहीं (not), साधितः-अपनाया/ उपयोग किया गया (practised/used), किं भवेत्-क्या लाभ (what is the use), यो न (यः न) – जो नहीं (which is not), सार्थक:-अर्थपूर्ण (meaningful)

अन्वयः (Prose-order) (यदि) पुस्तके पठितः पाठः जीवने न साधितः (तर्हि) यः (पाठः) जीवने सार्थकः न (अस्ति) तेन पाठेन किं भवेत्। सरलार्थ : (यदि) पुस्तक में पढ़ा गया पाठ जीवन में उपयोग में नहीं लाया गया तो जो (पाठ) जीवन में सार्थक नहीं उस पाठ से क्या लाभ? भाव : पुस्तक में पढ़ी हुई बातों को जीवन में अवश्य अपनाना चाहिए।

English Translation:
If a lesson that is read in a book is not made use of in life, then what is the use of that lesson.

(ग) प्रियवाक्यप्रदानेन सर्वे तुष्यन्ति मानवाः।
तस्मात् प्रियं हि वक्तव्यं वचने का दरिद्रता।।

शब्दार्थाः (Word Meanings) :
प्रियवाक्यप्रदानेन-प्रिय वचन बोलने से (by speaking pleasant words), तुष्यन्ति-खुश होते हैं (become happy/satisfied), तस्मात्-इस कारण से (hence), वक्तव्यम्-बोलना चाहिए (should speak), वचने-बोलने में in speech, का दरिद्रता-कंजूसी/कृपणता क्यों हो (why be miserly)।

अन्वयः (Prose-order):
सर्वे मानवाः प्रियवाक्यप्रदानेन तुष्यन्ति; तस्मात् प्रियं हि वक्तव्यम्; वचने का दरिद्रता (स्यात्)। सरलार्थ : सब मनुष्य प्रिय वचन कहे जाने पर प्रसन्न हो जाते हैं। इस कारण मधुर वचन ही बोलने चाहिए। वाणी के उपयोग में कंजूसी क्यों की जाए। अर्थात् उदार होकर अधिकाधिक मधुर वाणी का प्रयोग करना चाहिए। भावः मीठे बोल सबको प्रसन्न रखने का एकमात्र सरल साधन है।

English Translation:
All human beings when addressed with pleasant speech become satisfied/happy. Hence one should always use pleasant words. Why be miserly in speech? One should be generous in the use of pleasant words, because it makes everyone happy.

(घ) गच्छन् पिपीलको याति योजनानां शतान्यपि।
अगच्छन् वैनतेयोऽपि पदमेकं न गच्छति॥

शब्दार्थाः (Word Meanings) :
गच्छन्-चलता हुआ (roaming, moving), पिपीलकः-चींटी (नर) ant (he), याति-जाता/जाती है (goes), योजनानां- योजनों का (दूरी का एक माप) (of many yojanas’, measure of distance equal to 12 kms), शतानि अपि-कई सौ (hundreds), अगच्छन् (न गच्छन्)-न जाता हुआ (one not on the move),वैनतेयः-गरुड़ पक्षी (Garuda the bird that fies very swiftly), पदमेकम् (पदम् + एकम् )- एक कदम (a single step)।

अन्वयः (Prose-order):
गच्छन् पिपीलकः योजनानां शतानि अपि याति; अगच्छन् वैनतेयः अपि एकं पदं न गच्छति। सरलार्थ : चलती हुई चींटी तो सैकड़ों योजन की दूरी लाँघ जाती है किंतु न चलता हुआ गरुड़ भी एक कदम भी नहीं जाता अर्थात् आगे नहीं बढ़ता। भावः प्रयास करने से ही कार्य सिद्ध होते हैं अन्यथा नहीं।

English Translation:
Even an ant when on the move manages to cross hundreds of yojanas’. But even Garuda, when not moving, does not proceed even a single step.

(ङ) काकः कृष्णः पिकः कृष्णः को भेदः पिककाकयोः।
वसंतसमये प्राप्ते काकः काकः पिकः पिकः ॥

शब्दार्थाः (Word Meanings):
काकः-कौवा (crow), कृष्णः-काला (black), पिकः-कोयल (cuckoo), भेदः-अंतर (difference), पिककाकयो:-कोयल और कौवे के मध्य (between the crow and the cuckoo), वसन्तसमये प्राप्ते-वसन्त काल आने पर (on arrival of spring time)।

अन्वयः (Prose-order) :
काकः, कृष्णः, पिकः (अपि) कृष्णः (अस्ति), पिककाकयोः कः भेदः (अस्ति) वसंतमये प्राप्ते काकः काकः पिक: पिकः (इति भेदः स्पष्टः भवति) सरलार्थः कौआ काला होता है, कोयल भी काली होती है, कौए और कोयल में क्या अंतर है? वसंतकाल आने पर कौवा कौवा है और कोयल कोयल है। (यह बात स्पष्ट हो जाती है।) भावः वाह्य आकार के आधार पर आंतरिक गुणों का अनुमान नहीं लगाया जा सकता, किंतु समय आने पर आंतरिक गुण भी प्रकट हो जाते हैं।

English Translation:
The crow is black and the cuckoo is also black. What is the difference between the crow and the cuckoo? On arrival of spring time the crow is a crow and the cuckoo is a cuckoo i.e., their difference becomes clear in spring.

Online Education NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi Kshitij Chapter 12 कैदी और कोकिला

These Solutions are part of Online Education NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi Kshitij Chapter 12 कैदी और कोकिला.

पाठ्य-पुस्तक के प्रश्न-अभ्यास

प्रश्न 1.
कोयल की कूक सुनकर कवि की क्या प्रतिक्रिया थी? [CBSE]
उत्तर:
कोयल की कूक सुनकर कवि के मन में तरह-तरह की शंकाएँ उठती हैं। इनका समाधान करने के लिए वह तरह-तरह के
प्रश्न कोयल से पूछकर अपनी प्रतिक्रिया व्यक्त करता है; जैसे-

• कोयल! तुम जेल में बंद हम कैदियों के लिए क्या संदेशा लाई हो?
• कोयल, तुमने किस दावानल की ज्वालाएँ देख ली हैं?
• कोयल, क्या तुम स्वतंत्रता के क्रांतिकारियों के हाथों में हथकड़ियाँ नहीं देख सकती हो?
• कोयल क्या तुम्हारे मृदुल वैभव का खजाना लूट लिया गया है?

प्रश्न 2.
कवि ने कोकिल के बोलने के किन कारणों की संभावना बताई? [CBSE]
उत्तर:
कवि ने कोयल के बोलने की निम्नलिखित संभावनाएँ बताई हैं;
जैसे-

1. वह पागल हो गई है।
2. उसने दावानल की लपटें देख ली हैं।
3. वह स्वतंत्रता के लिए कैदियों को संदेश देना चाहती है।
4. क्रांतिकारियों के मन में देश-प्रेम की भावना और भी प्रगाढ़ करने का संदेश देने आई है।

प्रश्न 3.
किस शासन की तुलना तम के प्रभाव से की गई है और क्यों? [CBSE]
उत्तर:
पराधीन भारत में अंग्रेजों के शासन की तुलना तम के प्रभाव से की गई है। इसका कारण यह है कि अंग्रेज़ आजादी के लिए आवाज उठाने वाले को नहीं वरन् निर्दोष भारतीयों को तरह-तरह से सताते थे, उन पर अत्याचार करते थे। इससे देश में निराशा का वातावरण बन गया था और देशवासियों का भविष्य अंधकारपूर्ण हो गया था।

प्रश्न 4.
कविता के आधार पर पराधीन भारत की जेलों में दी जाने वाली यंत्रणाओं का वर्णन कीजिए। [Imp.]
उत्तर:
पराधीन भारत की जेलों में कैदियों को निम्नलिखित यातनाएँ दी जाती थीं-

1. कैदियों को बेड़ियों तथा हथकड़ियों में बाँधकर छोटी-छोटी कोठरियों में चोरों, लुटेरों और डाकुओं के साथ रखा जाता था।
2. कैदियों से पशुओं के समान काम लिया जाता था।
3. उन्हें भीषण यंत्रणा दी जाती थी। वे न मर सकते थे न चैन से जी सकते थे।
4. उन्हें खाने को बहुत कम दिया जाता था तथा बात-बात में गालियाँ दी जाती थीं।

प्रश्न 5.
भाव स्पष्ट कीजिए-
(क) मृदुल वैभव की रखवाली-सी, कोकिल बोलो तो! [CBSE]
(ख) हूँ मोट खींचता लगा पेट पर जूआ, खाली करता हूँ ब्रिटिश अकड़ का कुँआ।
उत्तर:
(क) भाव-कोयल का स्वर अत्यंत मधुर एवं कर्णप्रिय होता है। कोयल अपने इस मृदुल वैभव रूपी स्वर की रखवाली करती-फिरती है। जेल के पास उसकी कैंक सुनकर कवि सोचता है कि शायद कोयल का वैभव लुट गया है।

(ख) पराधीन भारत की जेलों स्वाधीनता की माँग करने वाले कैदियों से अत्यंत क्रूरता से काम करवाया जाता था। इन कैदियों का मनोबल तोड़ने के लिए तरह-तरह की यातनाएँ दी जाती थीं। कवि अपने पेट पर जूआ रखकर मोट खींचने का कठोर काम करता है। इस तरह वह अंग्रेजों की अकड़ ढीली करता है।

प्रश्न 6.
अर्द्धरात्रि में कोयल की चीख से कवि को क्या अंदेशा है?
अथवा
बंदी कवि को ‘कोकिल’ की बोली आधी रात में चीख जैसी क्यों प्रतीत होती है? [CBSE]
उत्तर:
अर्धरात्रि में कोयल की चीख सुनकर कवि को निम्नलिखित अंदेशा होता है-

1. कोयल बावली हो गई होगी।
2. स्वाधीनता संग्राम के कैदियों को देखकर कोयल द्रवित हो उठी होगी।
3. उसने देश में अंग्रेज़ों के प्रति फैली क्रांति की ज्वाला देख ली होगी।
4. वह जेल में बंद स्वाधीनता सेनानियों के लिए विशेष संदेश लेकर आई होगी।

प्रश्न 7.
कवि को कोयल से ईष्र्या क्यों हो रही है? [Imp.] [CBSE]
उत्तर:
कवि को कोयल से इसलिए ईष्र्या है क्योंकि कोयल आजाद रहकर आसमान में उड़ती है तथा पेड़ों की हरी-भरी डालियों पर गाती फिरती है। इसके विपरीत कवि ऊँची-ऊँची काली-दीवारों वाली जेल में बंद है। उसकी दुनिया दस फुट की कोठरी में सिमटकर रह गई है। यहाँ उसका रोना भी गुनाह माना जाता है। उसे तड़प-तड़पकर दिन बिताना पड़ रहा है।

प्रश्न 8.
कवि के स्मृति-पटल पर कोयल के गीतों की कौन सी मधुर स्मृतियाँ अंकित हैं, जिन्हें वह अब नष्ट करने पर तुली है?
उत्तर:
कवि के स्मृति-पटल पर कोयल के गीतों की अनेक मधुर स्मृतियाँ अंकित हैं; जैसे-

1. कोयल बाग-बगीचों में आम के पेड़ पर अपना मधुर गीत सुनाया करती थी।
2. वह प्रातः, दोपहर अथवा दिन ढले गीत सुनाया करती थी। कवि जब अर्धरात्रि को यही गीत सुनता है तो उसे यह गीत वेदनापूर्ण हूक-सी लगती है। यूँ असमय कोयल का गीत गाना उसे विचित्र-सा लग रहा है। इस तरह कोयल उन मधुर स्मृतियों को नष्ट करने पर तुली है।

प्रश्न 9.
हथकड़ियों को गहना क्यों कहा गया है? [Imp.]
उत्तर:
हथकड़ियों को गहना इसलिए कहा गया है क्योंकि कवि और अन्य स्वतंत्रता सेनानियों के हाथों में जो हथकड़ियाँ डाली गई हैं वे किसी चोरी-हत्या आदि के अपराध के लिए नहीं डाली गई हैं। उसे ये हथकड़ियाँ मातृभूमि की आजादी के लिए प्रयास करने के कारण मिली हैं। ऐसे नेक उद्देश्य के लिए ये हथकड़ियाँ किसी गहने से कम नहीं है।

प्रश्न 10.
‘काली तू ऐ आली!’-इन पंक्तियों में ‘काली’ शब्द की आवृत्ति से उत्पन्न चमत्कार का विवेचन कीजिए।
उत्तर:
‘काली’ शब्द की बार-बार आवृत्ति के माध्यम से-

1. अंग्रेज सरकार के कुशासन की भयावहता का साकार चित्रण है।
2. इससे अंग्रेज़ सरकार के कुकृत्यों की कालिमा चारों ओर फैले होने को साक्षात् आभास होता है।
3. इससे समाज में व्याप्त निराशापूर्ण वातावरण का चित्र उपस्थित हो रहा है।

प्रश्न 11.
काव्य-सौंदर्य स्पष्ट कीजिए
(क) किस दावानल की ज्वालाएँ हैं दीखीं?
(ख) तेरे गीत कहावें वाह, रोना भी है मुझे गुनाह! देख विषमता तेरी-मेरी, बजा रही तिस पर रणभेरी।
उत्तर:
काव्य सौंदर्य
भाव-सौंदर्य- अंग्रेज़ों के अत्याचार और शोषण के प्रति भारतीयों के मन में विद्रोह की ज्वाला धधक उठी है। कोयल ने भारतीय जनमानस में उठने वाली दावानल को देख लिया है।
शिल्प सौंदर्य-

• दावानल की ज्वालाएँ में रूपक अलंकार है।
• प्रश्न शैली का प्रयोग है।
• भाषा साहित्यिक खड़ी बोली है। जिसमें तत्सम शब्दों की बहुलता है।
• मानवीकरण अलंकार है।

(ख) भाव-सौंदर्य-काव्यांश में कोयल के स्वतंत्र जीवन और कैदी कवि के यातनापूर्ण जीवन का चित्रण है। कोयल
भारतीयों को अंग्रेजों के विरुद्ध एकजुट अपनी आज़ादी पाने के लिए युद्ध करने हेतु प्रेरित कर रही है।
शिल्प-सौंदर्य-

• तेरी-मेरी, वाह-गुनाह में स्वर मैत्री अलंकार है।
• भाषा तत्सम शब्दावलीयुक्त साहित्यिक खड़ी बोली है।
• ‘गुनाह’ उर्दू शब्द का सुंदर प्रयोग है।
• रचना छंदबद्ध है।
• मानवीकरण अलंकार है।

प्रश्न 12.
कवि जेल के आसपास अन्य पक्षियों का चहकना भी सुनता होगा लेकिन उसने कोकिला की ही बात क्यों की है?
उत्तर:
कवि ने कोयल की ही बात कही, जबकि वह अन्य पक्षियों का चहकना सुनता रहा होगा। इसका कारण यह है कि कोयल की कूक किसी ऋतु विशेष में ही अधिक सुनाई देती है जबकि अन्य पक्षी साल भर चहकते रहते हैं। कोयल आधी रात में बोलकर कुछ विशेष संदेश देने का आभास कराती है। ब्रिटिश काल में क्रांतिकारी भी छिप-छिपकर एक-दूसरे को गुप्त संदेश दुद्वारा अपनी योजनाएँ बनाया करते थे। कवि को कोयल और क्रांतिकारियों की कार्यप्रणाली में समानता दिखाई दी।

प्रश्न 13.
आपके विचार से स्वतंत्रता सेनानियों और अपराधियों के साथ एक-सा व्यवहार क्यों किया जाता होगा?
उत्तर:
अंग्रेजों ने भारतवासियों को गुलाम बना रखा था। वे चाहते थे कि भारत पर उनका शासन चलता रहे। अपने शासन को बनाए रखने के लिए वे हर तरह के नैतिक-अनैतिक हथकंडे अपनाते थे। स्वतंत्रता की माँग करना उनकी दृष्टि में सबसे बड़ा अपराध था। वे इसे राजद्रोह मानते थे। इस कारण वे स्वतंत्रता सेनानियों के साथ अपराधियों के समान व्यवहार करते थे।

पाठेतर सक्रियता

• पराधीन भारत की कौन-कौन सी जेलें मशहूर थीं, उनमें स्वतंत्रता सेनानियों को किस-किस तरह की यातनाएँ दी जाती थीं? इस बारे में जानकारी प्राप्त कर जेलों की सूची एवं स्वतंत्रता सेनानियों के नामों को राष्ट्रीय पर्व पर भित्ति पत्रिका के रूप में प्रदर्शित करें।
उत्तर:
परीक्षोपयोगी नहीं।

• स्वतंत्र भारत की जेलों में अपराधियों को सुधारकर हृदय परिवर्तन के लिए प्रेरित किया जाता है। पता लगाइए कि इस दिशा में कौन-कौन से कार्यक्रम चल रहे हैं?
उत्तर:
परीक्षोपयोगी नहीं।

Hope given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi Kshitij Chapter 12 are helpful to complete your homework.

If you have any doubts, please comment below. Learn Insta try to provide online tutoring for you.

♦ Purpose of Debate:

The purpose of a debate is to show skill and ability in arguing.

This grammar section explains Online Education English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used. NCERT Solutions for Class 12 English will help you to write better answers in your Class 12 exams. Because the Solutions are solved by subject matter experts. https://ncertmcq.com/debate-writing-class-12/

Online Education Debate Writing Class 12 Format, Examples, Topics, Samples

Debate Writing Class 11

♦ Format of a Debate:

• Salutation: ‘Respected chairperson, honourable judges, and my dear friends…’.
• Introduction: ‘I am here to present my views for/against the motion…’
• Body of the argument: May include views, facts, rebutting the statements, questions, etc.
• Common phrases: ‘I strongly feel that…’, ‘I would like to draw your attention to…’, ‘May I ask all present…’, ‘I wholeheartedly oppose/support…’, ‘In my opinion…’

Debate is a creative expression of a person’s opinion or a perspective on an issue.

♦ Format (150-200 words)

• Catchy introduction
• Pre-speech note to draw attention of listeners
• Formal address to audience
• Development of the topic
• Adverse effects
• Conclusion
• Formal thanks to audience

♦ Sample Debate:

Debate Writing Format Question 1.
Should schools promote coaching institutes? Taking a cue from the points given below
and using your own ideas, write a debate speech for or against the topic in about 150-200 words.

• Despite CBSE’s ban, coaching centres running classes in schools
• Teachers from coaching institutes teach subjects like physics, chemistry and mathematics, English and physical education continue to be taught by the school faculty.
• Classes in separate sections from 8 a.m. to 12 noon for the CBSE and competitive
  examinations. (10 marks) [CBSE Sample Paper 2017]

Answer:
Respected Chairperson, honourable member of the jury, my worthy opponents and dear audience, I, Bhavik Gautam, would like to speak for the motion, ‘Should school promote coaching institutes’. CBSE has banned coaching centres running classes in school, yet it seems to flourish in both public and private schools as many parents and guardians are very much in favour of it. Firstly, if we look into the monetary aspect from the point of view of both, then we find that both benefit from it by saving on the huge fee and regular conveyance attached to this.

Time management is the second factor. Coping with CBSE syllabus and that of the competitive exams, yet maintaining the required attendance percentage and keeping good health comes after. It is not possible for all parents to judge on the quality of the faculty or time of most advertised institutes. Now, it is the school’s responsibility to see to these factors and provide the best service at affordable cost. The safety of the students who willingly join these extra or coaching classes beyond regular school schedule is also their choice. Competition in some fields is so much that there can hardly be an alternative to this for those who are ambitious and make it to the best educational institutions.

I hope I have been able to get my point of view across to you by now.

Thank you

Debate Format Question 2.
‘Private cars should be banned in the congested commercial areas of the cities.’ Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against the motion. (10 marks) [CBSE Paper 2017]

Answer:
Respected Chairperson, honourable members of the jury, worthy opponents and dear audience. Today I, Ravi, would like to express my views for the motion, ‘Private cars should be banned in the congested commercial areas of the cities’. For personal well manages economic policies and various schemes floated for consumers, there are more private cars now per family than earlier days. The UN census reveals approximately 7,00,000 people in congested commercial areas succumbing to various types of respiratory diseases. The maintenance of some of the best breads are not up to the mark and the size of vehicles are many a time unwieldy.

Some individuals regard it as a status symbol to flaunt their vehicles according to their rise in income. This often results in parking spaces encroaching upon highways, where trucks and public Vehicles’ movements get clogged and bottlenecks are created. India does not have areas demarcated exclusively for commercial transport movement zone, though a time had been fixed to ease out complication for traffic control. Wholesale and retail markets are most of the time obsession for a chunk of consumers, who buy in bulk. Hence, the incredible traffic jams that occur on weekdays add to the plight of pedestrian, too who helplessly watch the two wheelers taking to the footpaths to avoid the hour long wait or snail-slow movement of traffic.

It is not only the main towns or metropolises that face this situation, but extended towns and districts too share the same fate. If there is any accident, inadvertent heated exchanges, medical help required or if the police have to intervene to set things right, nothing really works out because of this mesh of private vehicles queued up condition. The other aspect is the infrastructure in Indian commercial complexes that is far below international recommended norm. Therefore, unless situations are supportive, private cars should be banned from entering or parking in commercial areas.

Debate Class 11 Question 3.
‘Our large population is not a cause of poverty but an asset, a resource.’ Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against the motion. (10 marks) [CESE (Delhi) 2017]

Answer:
Respected Chairperson, honourable members of the jury, my worthy opponents and dear audience, today I, Sasank, would like to express my views against the motion, ‘Our large population is not a cause of poverty but an asset, a resource.’

Be it IT jobs, sales, HR, marketing, job hunters frantically crowd at Job Fairs and Career seminars, the literates skilled and semi-skilled ones try their hand digitally or knock at various doors for the so-called interview. Unemployment is, however, a serious social issue and a major challenge for the state and central governments. Though unemployment rate has fallen from 5.20 to 4.90 now, the agricultural sector and agro based industrial sector have a tough challenge.

With the population reaching to 1.3 billion and more and more hungry mouths to feed, natural and man-made resources unable to cope with rising demand for food, shelter and clothing, poverty glares at our face even in a supersonic age. 22% of our population is still below poverty level according to official statistics. Theft, lechery, kidnapping, rape, robbery, and burglary are in most cases committed by migrant labourers, living in slums on the outskirts of town and cities. Many a time, this teeming, unregistered population find their names in the voters’ list or used as muscle power by unethical political leaders creating a class of hoodlums and assassins, etc.

Debate Writing Question 4.
“It is cruel to put stray dogs to sleep.” Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against the motion. (10 marks) [CASE (AI) 2017, 2019]

Answer:
Respected Chairperson, honourable members of the jury, and my worthy opponents. Today, I, Karan, would like to express my views for the motion, ‘It is cruel to put stray dogs to sleep.’ It’s all in the mind and of course one’s attitude and upbringing with respect to dogs. The mongrels and curs are looked down upon, pelted with stones, kicked or beaten up just because they do not carry a certificate to prove their breed. Initially, for a couple of ‘chapattis’, stale bread or leftover food they practise utmost loyalty to the street, lane, pocket in which they are born and grow up naturally.

Let a stranger try sneaking in quietly, or ragpickers try their hands-on stealth, these stray dogs are the first to set a general alarm, linking up with their kith and kin till the locality is aroused to caution and acceptance. However, some people do not approve of the natural behaviour of these dogs that only bark but not bite. It is true that in some localities, due to the quality of food and care that they receive regularly, these mongrels do look presentable and often surpass the well bred domesticated ones in some homes, hence posing a threat by appearance to those allergic to dogs but this by no way means that authorities have to be intimated and dog catchers fetched to take away these loyal protectors or guards of the locality and finally be put to sleep.

Dogs by nature are harmless and man’s best friend. We need to be less hyper and balanced to co-exist with them who render unpaid loyal service day and night till their last breath and express their gratitude to simple look or a polite tone as a sign of acceptance of their existence. Hence, I hope killing of stray dogs, even legally should be banned.

Debate Format Class 11 Question 5.
“A career counsellor (not you, yourself) is the best person to guide you in the choice of a career.” Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against the motion. (10 marks) [CBSE (AI) 2017]

Answer:
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, my worthy opponents and dear audience, today, I, Varun, would like to speak in favour of the motion, ‘A career counsellor is the best person to guide you in the choice of a career’.

Career counsellors use aptitude and achievement tests to help us evaluate our interests, skills and abilities, our backgrounds, education, training and so on to help us develop realistic goals. They also teach us job searching skills like interviewing and networking. They aid us with a career choice when we are flummoxed or frustrated with too many options, especially these days before us. It is they who with their exposures and experience guide us in the best possible directions.

After assessing us through tests, they try matching us with a field suitable for our skills and personality creating the most profitable match possible in terms of job satisfaction and monetary benefits. They often work late hours to ensure a thorough and satisfactory result. Hence, if we wish to have a scientific approach to an appropriate choice of character to prosper and progress in life, then career counsellors are indispensable for us.

Class 11 Debate Writing Question 6.
‘Social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc.) is being used to create disaffection in society.’ Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against the motion. (10 marks) [CBSE (F) 2017]

Answer:
Dear friends, today, I stand before you to argue in favour of the motion, ‘Social media is being used to create disaffection in society’. These days people spend most of their time on social media, updating all the events of their lives. Social networking on the internet is important currently because the internet is the place to be for everything.

People head to the internet to shop, to sell things, to meet others and to find what they’re looking for. The internet is full of social networking sites and tools that make it very easy to connect with others. For them, it has become more important to connect to more and Ynore people online, rather than make actual connections in person.

It is a dangerous place for the young adults or teenagers to be. For them, it is a time to explore the world. But instead, they get addicted to social media. One can never be sure of what the person is behind the profile that he/she has put up. We’ve even had people committing suicides over rumours spread over some networks about their identities. Another trouble with social media is that it makes us live for others. We want to have more and more friends on our lists, so the world can see, and we can boast about our ‘sociability’.

This gives them undue pressure and stress. It has totally changed the meaning of ‘friendship’. Now, people have more friends with weaker bonds, than the other way around. People with camera phones taking their own pictures with friends they go out with, so they could flaunt it on social media. Social networking is worse than good, and uglier than both. Although it gives us a chance to know people from all over the world and make friends, we are losing our individuality and our identity.

Debate Writing Format Class 11 Question 7.
‘Gyms and fitness centres have reduced the importance of exercise in the park.’ Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against the motion. (10 marks) [CBSE (F) 2017]

Answer:
Dear friends, today, I stand before you to argue against the favour of the motion, ‘Gyms and fitness centres have reduced the importance of exercise in the park’. Nowadays, increasing number of people are going to the gym more out of convenience and necessity to keep themselves fit, since it is difficult to find open space to walk in the present model of urbanisation.

Moreover, exercising in gym has both its pros and cons, whereas exercising in park is loaded with health benefits provided one can find in the vicinity. Though doing gym is more attractive to the young generation as it gives a better physical health, but it is exercising in the parks which give both physical and mental health. Fitness centres and gyms have also become a quotient of status in the society. People going to gyms are looked upon, whereas those going to parks are looked down upon.

Another major reason for opting gym over the park is the convenient time for exercise. In today’s busy world, people don’t have much time for health. By the time one gets back home, it is already dark and closing time for parks. So, gyms are the best alternatives available. Even though parks are the best medium to connect with nature and be fit, people are shifting to gyms.

Debate Writing Class 11 Format Question 8.
‘Homes for the aged is a necessity in India.’ Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against the motion. You are Shivam/Shivani. (10 marks) [CBSE Paper 2018]

Answer:
Honourable Jury members, teachers and my dear friends. A very good morning to all of you. Today, I am here to share my views on the topic, “Are old age homes necessary in India?” In today’s world, old age homes are necessary specially in India. Parents educate their children and then they travel to different places and countries which may not suit their parents. Hence, someone looks after their needs. ‘Homes’ here, does mean for the people who are deserted by their children but the people where children are working either abroad or somewhere else where they can’t take them along. They are ready to pay any amount for their welfare.

In another case, if they are abandoned by their children even then it is beneficial for old people as Old Age Homes provide them with security, physical and medical stability. People can play, interact and relax at the same time. I feel, we need old age homes to give some people shelter and to others the time of their lives.

Debate Writing Examples Question 9.
“Everyone should become vegetarian,” Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against the motion. (10 marks) [CBSE Paper 2018 (C)]

Answer:
Good morning! Respected teachers and my dear friends. Today, I got the opportunity to speak against the motion, “Everyone should become Vegetarian”. Vegetarians are likely to face some difficulties, if they do not eat meat. One of the difficulties is that the individuals have to pay attention to choose the correct balance of vegetarian food that would meet energy needs. If they are in a wrong way of choosing types of vegetables, this may lead to malnutrition.

Benefits of non-veg is that high biological value protein is obtained from this diet. It is a main source of vitamin B complex, i.e., B12. It is rich in certain amino acids which the . body cannot produce on its own. The risk of anaemia is reduced. According to the medical science, a diet constituting of sea food like fish, and eggs sharpen our intellect and promote the smooth functioning of our brain. This ultimately accelerates our wisdom. Non-vegetarians have a wide range of food to choose as in some countries, it is difficult to find the vegetarian food.

Debate Class 11 Format Question 10.
The government has banned the use of animals in the laboratories for the purpose of dissection. Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against this decision. (10 marks) [CBSE (AI) 2015]

Answer:
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, and my dear friends, I stand here today, to speak for the motion, ‘Ban the use of animals in the laboratories for the purpose of dissection’. Animal dissection in labs is an unethical and unnecessary part of the secondary school biology curriculum. The millions of animals that are dissected each year in education systems are subjects of severe animal abuse. Animals are often stockpiled on top of one another and shipped in crowded containers with no temperature regulation, food, or water. Animals are treated unjustly, and by conducting dissections, we fund and promote the abuse of animals.

Millions of frogs are brought every year from the wild for dissection purposes. This means that, along with all of the other ways humans are impacting frog populations, such as global climate change and pollution, humans are also destroying their populations. In the school curriculum, children are taught about the biodiversity crisis and all of its negative aspects. However, at the same time, students are encouraged to contribute to it. By continuing with animal dissections, school boards are promoting the mistreatment of the animals.

It is not necessary for students to dissect animals in order to see what the insides of the hnimals look like. If a student were to pursue a career in a field where this is needed, they would have the opportunity to dissect human cadavers in University. However, very few students who participate in these labs in high school will actually go down these career paths. The only thing that an animal dissection lab teaches students is that an animal’s life is disposable and unimportant.

Buying animals for all biology classes can be quite costly. The high school dissection sets are also costly and are used only once or twice. The animals used for dissection are also very costly. Children can learn dissection from programs on Discovery Science where programs explaining detailed dissection are shown. Many educational CDs showing dissections are also in the market. The schools can rather take help of such technology to make the students understand how dissection takes place. This way, not only a lot of money can be saved, but also a lot of innocent animal lives can be saved.

Thank you

Debate Writing Class 11 Examples Question 11.
Some people feel that electronic media (TV news) will bring about the end of print media (newspapers). What are your views on the issue? Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against this view. (10 marks) [CBSE (AI) 2015]

• use of visuals on TV
• authentic and fast
• not enough news for 24-hour telecast
• may fabricate news
• become repetitive and dull
• even scandals become news
• print media – time tested
• analysed, verified news
• editorial comments
• cater to all interests

Answer:
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, and my dear friends, I stand here todav to speak against the motion, ‘Electronic media will bring about the end of print media’. We will keep on buying newspapers, that’s for sure. I feel that it is absurd to think that there will only be online newspapers rather than a variety of options in the future. Though I read e-newspaper every day, I do not feel satisfied till I have read a hard copy of a newspaper.

In fact, there are many like me. It is nice to read updated news but even that can be a problem. Often the reliability of the news is not checked and rumours get printed. Sometimes, reading online can also be a problem. I remember how I was reading an interesting novel on the train, on my iPad and because I hadn’t charged it, the battery ran out. It was so irritating because I had reached almost the end and also because it was a mystery novel. A book with me made my day, though earlier I was cribbing because it felt too heavy for a one-day journey.

One of the things that drives technological changes, such as the proposition that newspapers will go online is not so much our ability to enforce that change as technologists, but our desire as consumers to see it happen. I’m neutral on whether I read my stuff on a digital machine such as a Kindle or an iPad, online or pre-downloaded, or whether I read it on paper. But there are people who want the choice and there is a generation that doesn’t want to adopt the digital newspaper. There are people for whom, because of the upfront cost of the tablet technology, the idea of the digital newspaper will never be right.

It’s not really a question of the so-called authority of paper over online journalism. But the real issue is what the consumer wants. In the past, despite the leading-edge technology available, the public rejected laser disc, minidisc and digital audio tape. People just didn’t want it, and I think that is what will happen with this question. We’ve had newspapers a long time and they aren’t going away in the near future.

Thank you

Debate Writing Class 12 Question 12.
Consumerism is- increasing day by day. Luxuries of yesterday have become necessities of today. The result is that the more we want the more miserable we become. Write a debate in 150-200 words on ‘The only way to minimise human suffering and pain is to control our needs’. You are Navtej/Navita. (10 marks) [CBSE (AI) 2015]

Answer:
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, and my dear friends, I stand here today to speak for the motion, ‘The only way to minimise human suffering is to control our needs’. Even when people have all they need, they feel deprived. Though they have money, some people stare into empty cupboards or an empty refrigerator bemoaning their circumstances.

Modern consumerism is, in part, a product of our instinct to cope with inner emptiness. Consumerism creates the illusion that we’re rich. This is facilitated by credit cards where one is allowed to make purchases beyond the income level. Advertisements also reshape our desires and push us into buying things which we might not need. We are driven to create the illusion of a pain-free life, full of choices that make us feel in control.

We need multiple choices for each and every thing, so that we feel like kings of the universe. We need faster pain relievers, appliances to take away all inconvenience, and communication devices to foster immediate exchange. All of these create the illusion of complete pleasure at our fingertips, with none of the hassle of pain. When we are ruled by this kind of physical materialism, we identify ourselves by what we have.

Since human ego is never satisfied, consumerism grows. Increased consumerism evidently comes at a steep price. People are incurring debt and working longer hours to pay for the high-consumption lifestyle, consequently spending less time with family, friends, and community organisations. In the rat race to earn more, our health gets affected and we feel stressful. In rampant consumerism, we’ve created a monster with a huge appetite for the planet’s natural resources. It’s depleting and polluting the planet, impoverishing us and future generations. Excess consumption can be counterproductive. The irony is that less needs i.e., being satisfied can actually cure some of these problems.

Thank you

Debate Topics For Class 11 Question 13.
Migration from villages to cities has led to the spread of urban slums. People living %in these slums lead a miserable life. Economic disparity leads to the problems of law and order. Write a debate in 150-200 words on ‘Solution to the problem of misery in the urban slums lies in creating jobs in the villages’. You are Navtej/Navita. (10 marks) [CBSE (AI) 2015]

Answer:
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, and my dear friends, I stand here today to speak for the motion, ‘Solution to the problem of misery in the urban slums lies in creating jobs in the villages’. The vast majority of Indians, live in villages, and eke out a meagre existence from agricultural related labour. We tend to forget the fact that our economic prosperity and our lives in urban India are correlated.

Therefore, if the goal is India’s economic prosperity, somehow the 700 million living in some 600,000 villages of India have to have the same option of living and working in urban India on jobs in non-agricultural sectors. Do we want a future where the majority of Indians is urbanised and is engaged in highly productive non-agricultural sectors? We can choose, and having chosen, we can actually make that future happen.

I believe that to prevent migration from villages to cities, we need to carry out equitable development of rural areas. Instead of only creating job opportunities, Government must improve the quality of slums. Government should also ensure compulsory service in villages for its employers. This would reduce the burden on the city and also help these people explore the possibility of living in the village.

Adoption of villages by corporate would also help. Providing self-employment opportunities to villagers is also a solution. Setting up small-scale industries would help reduce the misery in the urban slums by creating multiple job opportunities. Only when these steps are taken, we can reduce the migration from villages to cities, thereby reducing the spread of urban slums.

Thank you

Debate For Class 11 Question 14.
‘The policy of reservation of seats for admission to the professional courses is good for the deprived sections of society.’ Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against the motion. (10 marks) [CBSE Delhi 2016]

Answer:
Dear friends, today, I stand before you to argue in favour of the motion, ‘The policy of reservation of seats for admission to the professional courses is good for the deprived sections of society’. These days the demand for professional courses is on the rise. Professional courses have become a way of life. These courses guarantee jobs and are usually short time. All this has led to a sudden upsurge of such courses. We see every student rushing after these courses.

Since these courses are so specific, they are highly priced too. Students who are rich can easily pay for the course and get a job. But what about the poor students. For them getting a job is equally important. Many parents in the poor homes pay for their child’s education by doing two-three jobs. Seeing the importance and popularity of professional courses, I think it would be good to have a policy of reservation of seats for admission to such courses for the deprived sections of society. Only then, I feel can equality be maintained.

Thank you

Debate Topics For Class 12 Question 15.
‘Rising prices can be controlled only by the government.’ Write a debate in 150-200 Words either for or against the motion. (10 marks) [CBSE Delhi 2016]

Answer:
Honourable Principal Sir, respected teachers and my dear friends. Today, I stand before you to put my views for the motion, ‘Rising prices can be controlled only by the government’. India has witnessed huge economic development in the past 10 years, yet we are not able to control inflation. It is sure that something has gone wrong somewhere. There are many reasons for inflation in India. Increase in the cost of living, lack of control and check over government spending, hoarding of essential commodities by greedy traders, absence of an adequate mechanism to control and fix the prices of essential commodities in the market places are some of the reasons. The steep rise in price is not in keeping with the income generated and this disparity is affecting the growth of an individual and, at a higher level, that of the nation.

In order to have an egalitarian society, the government should intervene and defuse the situation before it worsens. It is important that the government put a ceiling to the prices of essential commodities and thus, make it affordable to the common people. The Public Distribution System must be revamped, so that the benefit reaches maximum number of people. Government officials should crack down on such retailers who try to create artificial conditions of lack of commodities, thereby, increasing the price of goods.

Some might say that the government has other important matters to consider than to regulate market rates, others might say that the market should be governed by the principal of demand and supply. However, it is important to remember that the principal duty of the government is towards the public. It is important to do what is best for them. Therefore, I believe that the rising prices can be controlled by the government.

Thank You.

Question 16.
‘The policy of no detention till Class VIII is not in the interest of students.’ Write a debate in 150-200 words either in favour of or against the motion. (10 marks) [CBSE Delhi 2016]

Answer:
Honourable Principal Ma’am, respected teachers and my dear friends. Today, I stand before you to put my views for the motion, ‘The policy of no detention till Class VIII is not in the interest of students’.

Under this policy, the students up to Class VIII are automatically promoted to the next class without being held back even if they do not get a passing grade. The policy was implemented as part of the Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) under the RTE Act in 2010 to ensure all-round development of students. The concept of CCE imported from the West, emphasises on evaluating a child through the year, and not just based on the performance in one or two term exams.

It was found that the detention system led to increased dropouts among students, especially from economically and socially-weaker sections, who cannot afford costly private education. In order to overcome this, the no-detention policy was brought in to provide elementary school children an environment free from fear, anxiety and stress.

This would help the students learn and grow at their own pace. It would also reduce the \indue stress borne by the students due to the increasing competition among students, parents and the educational institutions. I feel that this policy is not in the interest of students. Since all the students are promoted to the next class, irrespective of their learning, it will lead to students developing a lackadaisical attitude towards studies.

It also takes away the difference between good and poor learners, since everyone is treated at par. This policy also does not take into consideration that there can be slow and fast learners. Some students might need more help. However, with this policy, such students cannot be helped, since everyone is the same in the end.

I believe that detention is like a stepping stone to success. It helps students know what is wrong and helps them grow. It is a way of monitoring learners. We need a system of assessment where the learning outcomes are properly assessed. Therefore, I believe that No Detention Policy is a bane for the students.

Thank you

Question 17.
‘Brain drain is not a bane for a developing country like India’. Write a debate in 150-200
words either for or against the motion. (10 marks) [CBSE (AI) 2016]

Answer:
Honourable Principal Ma’am, respected teachers and my dear friends. Today, I stand before you to present my views against the topic, ‘Brain drain is not a bane for India’. Brain drain refers to the situation when highly qualified and trained people leave a country to permanently settle in some other country. Many of you might ask why it should bother others if someone is going to another country. You might also feel that brain drain might reduce the population in the country. But the truth is that with the population other things like resources also reduce.

Our government spends a lot of money, collected from us through taxes, so that professionals progress in their respective fields and help the country progress. But instead of that we have students who let the government invest money in them and then cruelly go and seek their fortunes elsewhere. The cost of education being low in our country, we have people coming from abroad who become professionals in their respective fields and go back and help their country. So why is it that we are different? I think we need stringent laws where professionals need to compulsorily work for some time in their country before going abroad. With better economic policies, better facilities by industries and government promoting entrepreneurship, research-friendly atmosphere, better campus selections, there is still hope for India. If proper measures are taken at a faster rate, India can be saved!!!

Thank you

Question 18.
‘The internet cannot replace a classroom teacher’. Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against the motion. (10 marks) [CBSE (AI) 2016]

Answer:
Honourable Principal Sir, respected teachers and my dear friends. Today, I, Karuna stand before you to express my views on the topic, ‘The internet cannot replace a classroom teacher’. With the advent of internet, life has become really easy. All of us have time and again thken the help of internet to collect information. In fact, it has become a lifesaver at times. It can provide answer to all questions, provides different viewpoints on all topics and most importantly helps us learn at our own pace, without even going to the school. It can even help students of remote and inaccessible areas. Many of you would question: When we can find everything on internet, why do we need teachers? This is because teachers touch lives in innumerable ways. They are humans and give a positive impact.

Technology can never be a replacement to teachers. There are times when online information may not be authentic. It can never replace the relationships between students and teachers, the bond that we share with our teachers is irreplaceable. The evaluation of internet is unbiased, but this is what is exactly required while teaching and testing. Learning differences among students require different means of testing. Being human and taking student’s background and level of understanding of the subject into account is important. Remember teachers give knowledge and wisdom while the internet only gives information. A big thank you to all our teachers for being there for us, for giving us knowledge and wisdom, and for making us what we are today.

Thank you

Question 19.
Write a debate in 150-200 words either for or against the motion, ‘Capital Punishment should be abolished’. (10 marks) [CBSE 2019 (1/1/1)]

Answer:
Respected jury members, teachers and my dear friends, I stand here to speak in favour of the motion, ‘Capital Punishment should be abolished’. Throughout history, societies around the world have used the death penalty as a way to punish the most heinous crimes. While capital punishment is still practiced today, many countries have since abolished it. In my opinion, death penalty guarantees that convicted murderers will never kill again. There have been countless cases where the convicts sentenced to life in prison have murdered other inmates and/or prison guards.

Convicts have also been known to successfully arrange murders from within prison. There are also cases where convicts who have been released for parole after serving only part of their sentences even life sentences – have murdered again after returning to society. A death sentence is the only irrevocable penalty that protects innocent lives.

I believe innocent lives should be valued over the lives of killers. Innocent victims who have been murdered – and in some cases, tortured beforehand – had no choice in their untimely and cruel death or any opportunity to say goodbye to friends and family, prepare wills, or enjoy their last moments of life. Meanwhile, convicted murderers are sentenced to life in prison – and even those on death row – are still able to learn, read, write, paint, find religion, watch TV, listen to music, maintain relationships, and even appeal their sentence. It can be truly said that capital punishment symbolises justice and is the only way to adequately express society’s revulsion of the murder of innocent lives.

The death penalty is a way to restore society’s balance of justice – by showing that the most severe crimes are intolerable and will be punished in kind.
In conclusion, I reiterate that death penalty has been used to maintain the balance of
justice throughout history, punishing violent criminals in the severest way to ensure
they won’t kill again.

Here we are providing Online Education for Class 12 Accountancy Important Extra Questions and Answers Chapter 4 Reconstitution of Partnership Firm: Retirement/Death of a Partner. Accountancy Class 12 Important Questions and Answers are the best resource for students which helps in class 12 board exams.

Online Education for Class 12 Accountancy Chapter 4 Important Extra Questions Reconstitution of Partnership Firm: Retirement/Death of a Partner

Reconstitution of Partnership Firm: Retirement/Death of a Partner Important Extra Questions Very Short Answer Type

Question 1.
What is meant by ‘Gaining Ratio’ on retirement of a partner?
Or
P, Q and R were partners in a firm. On 31st March, 2018 R retired. The amount payable to R ₹ 2,17,000 was transferred to his loan account. R agreed to receive interest on this amount as per the provisions of Partnership Act, 1932. State the rate at which interest will be paid to R. (CBSE Delhi 2019)
Answer:
The ratio in which retiring Partner’s Share is distributed between remaining Partner is called gaining ratio.
Or
Rate of interest will be 6% p.a.

Question 2.
Aman, Bimal and Deepak are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2 : 3 : 5. The goodwill of the firm has been valued at ₹ 37,500. Aman retired. Bimal and Deepak decided to share profits equally in future. Calculate gain/sacrifice of Bimal and Deepak on Aman’s retirement and also pass necessary journal entry for the treatment of goodwill. (CBSE Outside Delhi 2019)
Answer:
Old Ratio = 2:3:5
New Ratio =1:1 (on Aman’s Retirement)
Bimal’s Gain = 1/2 – 3/10 = 2/10
Deepak’s Gain = 1/2 – 5/10 = nil
Firm’s Goodwill = 37,500 .
A man’s share = 2/10 x 37,500 = 7,500

Question 3.
Riyansh, Garv and Kavleen were partners in a firm sharing profit and loss in the ratio of 8 : 7 : 5. On 2nd November 2018, Kavleen died. Kalveen’s share of profits till the date of her death was calculated at ₹ 9,375. Pass the necessary journal entry. (CBSE Sample Paper 2019-20)
Answer:

Question 4.
At the time of retirement how is the new profit sharing ratio among the remaining partners calculated₹ (CBSE Compt. 2019)
Answer:
The new share of each of the remaining partner is calculated as his/her own share in the firm plus the share acquired from the retiring partner.

Question 5.
In which ratio do the remaining partners acquire the share of profit of the retiring partner? (CBSE Compt. 2017)
Answer:
Gaining ratio.

Question 6.
At the time of retirement of a partner, state the condition when there is no need to compute gaining ratio. (CBSE 2013 Compartment OD)
Answer:
When the remaining partners share profits in old ratio.

Question 7.
On the retirement of a partner, how is the profit sharing ratio of the remaining partners decided?
Answer:
On the basis of old profit sharing ratio.

Question 8.
Why is gaining ratio of the remaining partners calculated at the time of retirement/death of a partner?
Answer:
Gaining ratio of the remaining partners is calculated to determine amount of goodwill payable by them to retired/deceased partner.

Question 9.
State the ratio in which share of goodwill of the retiring partner is debited to Capital Accounts of the remaining partners.
Answer:
In their gaining ratio.

Question 10.
Abha and Beena were partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2 on April 1st 2013, they decided to admit Chanda for l/5th share in the profits. They had a reserve of ₹ 25,000 which they wanted to show in their new balance sheet. Chanda agreed and the necessary adjustments were made in the books. On October 1st 2013, Abha met with an accident and died. Beena and Chanda decided to admit Abha’s daughter Fiza in their partnership, who agreed to bring ₹ 2,00,000 as capital. Calculate Abha’s share in the reserve on the date of her death. (CBSE Sample Paper 2015)
Answer:
₹ 12,000

Question 11.
X, Y and Z were partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2:2. Z retired and the amount due to him was ₹ 85,000. He was paid ₹ 5,000 immediately. The balance was payable in three equal annual instalments carrying interest @ 6% p.a. Pass necessary journal entry for recording the same on the date of Z’s retirement.
(Compt. Delhi 2017)
Answer:

Question 12.
Ram, Mohan and Sohan were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 4 : 3 : 1. Mohan retired. His share was taken over equally by Ram and Sohan. In which ratio will the profit and loss on revaluation of assets and liabilities on the retirement of Mohan be transferred to capital accounts of the partners?
(CBSE 2010 Compartment Delhi)
Answer:
In old profit sharing ratio.

Reconstitution of Partnership Firm: Retirement/Death of a Partner Important Extra Questions Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Danish, Ana and Pranjal are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3:2. Their books are closed on March 31 st every year.
Danish died on September 30th , 2019, The executors of Danish are entitled to: (CBSE Sample Paper 2019-20)
(i) His share of Capital i.e. ₹ 5,00,000 along-with his share of goodwill. The total goodwill of the firm was valued at ₹ 60,000.
(ii) His share of profit up to his date of death on the basis of sales till date of death. Sales for the year ended March 31, 2019 was ₹ 2,00,000 and profit for the same year was 10% on sales. Sales shows a growth trend of 20% and percentage of profit earning is reduced by 1%.
(iii) Amount payable to Danish was transferred to his executors.
Pass necessary Journal Entries and show the workings clearly.
Answer:

Question 2.
A, B and C were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2 : 1. C dies on 30th June, 2016. After all the necessary adjustments, his capital account showed a credit balance of ₹ 70.600. C’s executor was paid ₹ 10,600 on 1st July, 2016 and the balance in three equal yearly instalments starting from 30th June, 2017 with interest @ 10% p.a. on the unpaid amount. The firm closes its books on 31st March every year.
Prepare C’s Executor’s Account till the amount is finally paid. (CBSE Compt. 2019)
Answer:

Question 3.
X, Y and Z were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 3 : 4. Z died on 31st March, 2016. The amount payable to Z’s executor K was ₹ 1,09,000. ₹ 19,000 were paid to K immediately and the balance was paid in three equal yearly instalments starting from 31st March, 2017 with interest @ 13% p.a. The firm ‘ closes its books on 31st March every year.
Prepare K’s account till he is finally paid.
Answer:

Question 4.
Apama, Manisha and Sonia are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2 : 1. Manisha retires and goodwill of the firm is valued at ₹ 1,80,000. Apama and Sonia decided to share future in the ratio of 3:2. Pass necessary journal entries.
Answer:
(i) Old profit sharing ratio of Apama, Manisha and Sonia = 3 : 2 : 1
New Profit sharing ratio of Aparna and sonia = 3 : 2

Question 5.
Sangeeta, Saroj and Shanti are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2 : 3 : 5. Goodwill is appearing in the books at a value of ₹ 60,000. Sangeeta retires and goodwill is valued at ₹ 90,000. Saroj and Shanti decided to share future profits equally. Record necessary journal entries.
Answer:

Question 6.
Naresh, Raj Kumar and Bishwajeet are equal partners. Raj Kumar decides to retire. On the date of his retirement, the Balance Sheet of the firm showed the following : General Reserves ₹ 36,000 and Profit and Loss Account (Dr.) ₹ 15,000.
Pass the necessary journal entries to the above effect.
Answer:

Question 7.
Amar, Ram, Mohan and Sohan were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2 : 2 : 2 : 1. On 31st January, 2017 Sohan retired. On Sohan’s retirement the goodwill of the firm was valued at ₹ 70,000. The new profit sharing ratio between Amar, Ram and Mohan Was agreed as 5 : 1 : 1.
Showing your working notes clearly, pass necessary Journal Entry for the treatment of goodwill in the books of the firm on Sohan’s retirement. [CBSE Delhi 2017]
Answer:

Question 8.
A, B and C were partners sharing profits in the ratio of 6:4:5. Their capitals were A₹ 1,00,000, B ₹ 80,000 and C ₹ 60,000. On 1 st April 2009, B retired from the firm and the new profit sharing ratio between A and C was decided as 11 : 4. On B’s retirement the goodwill of the firm was valued at ₹ 1,80,000. Showing your calculations clearly, pass necessary journal entry for the treatment of goodwill on B’s retirement.
Answer:

Question 9.
Ram, Shyam and Mohan are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 5 : 3 : 2. Shyam retired, and goodwill is valued at ₹ 1,20,000. Ram and Mohan decided to share future profits in the ratio of 2 : 3. Pass necessary journal entries for treatment of goodwill, if goodwill appears in the books at ₹ 40,000.
Answer:

Question 10.
A firm of A, B and C has Workmen Compensation Fund of₹ 30,000. On retirement of a partner, how ₹ 20,000 will be treated in the following cases:
(a) There is no claim against Workmen Compensation fund.
(b) There is a claim of₹ 12,000 against Workmen Compensation Fund.
Journalise.
Answer:
Journal Entries

Question 11.
A, B and C are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2 : l.A dies on 31st July 2011. The profits of the firm for the year ending 31st March 2011 were 42000. Calculate A’s Share for the period from 1st April to 31st July 2011 on the basis of last year’s profits. Pass necessary journal entry also.
Answer:
A’s profit = Preceding year’s profit x Proportionate Period x Share of A

Question 12.
If in the example-1 given above, the sales for the last year are ₹ 2,10,000 and for the current year upto 31st July are say ₹ 90,000, what would be the Profits from 1st April to 31st July 2011.
Answer:

Question 13.
On December 31, 2014, the Balance Sheet of Pinki. Qureshi and Rakesh showed as under:

The partnership deed provides that the profit be shared in the ratio of 2 : 1 : 1 and that in the event of death of a partner, his executors be entitled to be paid out:
(a) The capital of his credit at the date of last Balance Sheet.
(b) His proportion of reserves at the date of last Balance Sheet.
(c) His proportion of profits to the date of death based on the average profits of the last three completed years, plus 10%.
(d) By way of goodwill, his proportion of the total profits for the three preceding years. The net profit for the last three years were:

Rakesh died on April 1, 2015. He had withdrawn 5,000 to the date of his death. The investment were sold at par and R’s Executors were paid off. Prepare Rakesh’s Capital Account that of his executors.
Answer:


Note: Cash required to make payment is not enough even after selling the investment. Therefore, the payment has been made through bank.

Question 14.
Vikas, Vishal and Vaibhav were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2 : 2 : 1 ..The firm closes its books on 31 st March every year. On 31.12.2015 Vaibhav died. On that date his Capital account showed a credit balance of ₹ 3,80,000 and Goodwill of the firm was valued at ₹ 1,20,000. There was a debit balance of ₹ 50,000 in the profit and loss account. Vaibhav’s share of profit in the year of his death was to be calculated on the basis of the average profit of last five year. The average profit of last five years was ₹ 75,000.
Pass necessary journal entries in the book of the firm on Vaibhav’s Death. (CBSE Outside Delhi 2016)
Answer:

Question 15.
A, B, C and D were partners sharing profits in the ratio of 1 : 2 : 3 : 4. D retired and his share was acquired by A and B equally. Goodwill was valued at 3 year’s purchase of average profits of last 4 years, which were 40,000. General Reserve showed a balance of 1,30,000 and D’s Capital in the Balance Sheet was 3,00,000 at the time of D’s retirement. You are required to record necessary Journal entries in the books of the firm and prepare D’s capital account on his retirement.
Answer:

Question 16.
P, Q and R were partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2 :2 :1. The firm closes its books on March 31 every year. On June 30,2017, R died. The following information is provided on R’s death:
(i) Balance in his capital account in the beginning of the year was ₹ 6,50,000.
(ii) He withdrew ₹ 60,000 on May 15,2017 for his personal use.
On the date of death of a partner the partnership deed provided for the following:
(a) Interest on capital @ 10 % per annum.
(b) Interest on drawings @ 12 % per annum.
(c) His share in the profit of the firm till the date of death, to be calculated on the basis of the rate of Net Profit on Sales of the previous year, which was 25 %. The Sales of the firm till June 30, 2017 were ₹ 6,00,000.
Prepare R’s Capital Account on his death to be presented to his executors. (CBSE Sample Paper 2017-18)
Answer:

Reconstitution of Partnership Firm: Retirement/Death of a Partner Important Extra Questions Long Short Answer Type

Question 1.
Akul, Bakul and Chan dan were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of2:2: 1. On 31 st March, 2018 their Balance Sheet was as follows:

Bakul retired on the above date and it was agreed that:
(i) Plant and Machinery was undervalued by 10%.
(ii) Provision for doubtful debts was to be increased to 15% on debtors.
(iii) Furniture was to be decreased to ₹87,000.
(iv) Goodwill of the firm was valued at ₹3,00,000 and Bakul’s share was to be adjusted through the capital accounts of Akul and Chandan.
(v) Capital of the new firm was to be in the new profit sharing ratio of the continuing partners. Prepare Revaluation account, Partners’ Capital accounts and the Balance Sheet of the reconstituted firm. (CBSE Delhi 2019)
Answer:

Question 2.
G, E and F were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 7 : 2 : 1. The Balance Sheet of the firm as at 31 st March, 2018, was as follows :

E.retired on the above date. On E’s retirement the following was agreed upon :
(i) Land and Building were revalued at ₹ 1,88,000, Machinery at ₹ 76,000 and Stock at ₹ 10,000 and goodwill of the firm was valued at X 90,000.
(ii) A provision of 2-5% was to be created on debtors for doubtful debts.
(iii) The net amount payable to E was transferred to his loan account to be paid later on.
(iv) Total capital of the new firm was fixed at ₹ 2,40,000 which will be adjusted according to their new profit sharing ratio by opening current accounts.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partners’ Capital Accounts and the Balance Sheet of reconstituted firm.
(CBSE Outside Delhi 2019)
Answer:

Question 3.
X,Y and Z were in partnership sharing profits in proportion to their capitals. Their Balance Sheet as on 31 st March, 2018 was as follows:

On the above date, Y retired owing to ill health. The following adjustments were agreed upon for calculation of amount due to Y.
(a) Provision for Doubtful Debts to be increased to 10% of Debtors.
(b) Goodwill of the firm be valued at ₹ 36,000 and be adjusted into the Capital Accounts of X and Z, who will share profits in future in the ratio of 3:1.
(c) Included in the value of Sundry Creditors was ₹ 2,500 for an outstanding legal claim, which will not arise.
(d) X and Z also decided that the total capital of the new firm will be ₹ 1,20,000 in their profit sharing ratio. Actual cash to be brought in or to be paid off as the case may be.
(e) Y to be paid ₹ 9,000 immediately and balance to be transferred to his Loan Account. Prepare Revaluation Account, Partner’s Capital Accounts and Balance Sheet of the new firm after Y’s retirement. (CBSE Sample Paper 2019-20)
Answer:

Question 4.
Lisa, Monika and Nisha were partners in a firm sharing profit and losses in the ratio of 2 : 2 : 1. On 31st March, 2019, their Balance Sheet was as follows :

On 31st March, 2019 Monika retired from the firm and the remaining partners decided to carry on the business. It was agreed that:
(i) Land and building be appreciated by ₹ 2,40,00 and machinery be depreciated by 10%.
(ii) 50% of the stock was taken over by the retiring partner at book value.
(iii) Provision for doubtful debts was to be made of 5% on debtors.
(iv) Goodwill of the firm be valued at ₹ 3,00,000 and Monika’s share of goodwill be adjusted in the accounts of Lisa and Nisha.
(v) The total capital of the new firm be fixed at ₹ 27,00,000 which will be in the proportion of the new profit sharing ratio of Lisa and Nisha. For this purpose, current accounts of the partners were to be opened.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partners’ Capital Accounts and the Balance sheet of the reconstituted firm on Monika’s retirement. (CBSE Compt. 2019)
Answer:

Question 5.
A, B & C were partners in a firm sharing profits & losses in proportion to their fixed capitals. Their Balance Sheet as at March 31, 2017 was as follows


On the date of above Balance Sheet, C retired from the firm on the following terms:
(i) Goodwill of the firm will be valued at two years purchase of the Average Profits of last three years. The Profits for the year ended March 31, 2015 & March 31, 2016 were ₹ 4,00,000 & ₹ 3,00,000 respectively.
(ii) Provision for Bad Debts will be maintained at 5% of the Debtors.
(iii) Land & Building will be appreciated by ₹ 90,000 and Plant & Machinery Will be reduced to ₹ 1,80,000.
(iv) A agreed to repay his Loan.
(v) The loan repaid by A was to be utilized to pay C. The balance of the amount payable to C was transferred to his Loan Account bearing interest @ 12% per annum.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partners’ Capital Accounts, Partners’ Current Accounts and the Balance Sheet of the reconstituted firm. (CBSE Sample Paper 2017-18)
Answer:

Question 6.
M, N and G were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3:2. On 31-3-2016 their Balance Sheet was as under:

M retired on the above date and it was agreed that:
(i) Debtors of ₹ 2,000 will be written off as bad debts and a provision of 5% on debtors for bad and doubtful debts will be maintained.
(ri) Patents will be completely written off and stock, machinery and building will be depreciated by 5%.
(iii) An unrecorded creditor of ₹ 10,000 will be taken into account.
(iv) N and G will share the future profits in the ratio of 2 : 3.
(v) Goodwill of the firm on M’s retirement was valued at ₹ 3,00,000.
Pass necessary Journal Entries for the above transactions in the books of the firm on M’s retirement. [CBSE Delhi 2017]
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Question 7.
Following is the Balance Sheet of Punita, Rashi and Seema who are sharing profits in the ratio 2:1:2 as on 31st March 2013.

Punita died on 30th September 2013. She had withdrawn 44,000 from her capital on July 1, 2013. According to the partnership agreement, she was entitled to interest on capital @8% p.a. Her share of profit till the date of death was to be calculated on the basis of the average profits of the last three years. Goodwill was to be calculated on the basis of three times the average profits of the last four years. The profits for the years ended 2009-10, 2010-11 and 2011-12 were ₹ 30,000, ₹ 70,000 and₹ 80,000 respectively.
Prepare Punita’s account to be rendered to her executors.

Question 8.
Dinesh, Alvin and Pramod are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3:2.Their Balance Sheet as at March 31,2018 was as follows:

Dinesh died on July 1,2018, The executors of Dinesh are entitled to:
(i) His share of goodwill. The total goodwill of the firm valued at ₹ 50,000.
(ii) His share of profit up to his date of death on the basis of actual sales till date of death. Sales for the year ended March 31, 2018 was ₹ 12, 00,000 and profit for the same year was ₹ 2,00,000. Sales shows a growth trend of 20% and percentage of profit earning remains the same.
(iii) Investments were sold at par. Half of the amount due to Dinesh was paid to his executors and for the balance, they accepted a Bills Payable.
Prepare Dinesh’s Capital account to be rendered to his executors.
Answer:

Question 9.
The Balance Sheet of A, B and C who were sharing the profits in proportion to their capitals stood as on March 31,2014,

B retired on the date of Balance Sheet and the following adjustments were to be made:
(a) Stock was depreciated by 10%.
(b) Factory building was appreciated by 12%.
(c) Provision for doubtful debts to be created up to 5%.
(d) Provision for legal charges to be made at X 265.
(e) The goodwill of the firm to be fixed at X 10,000.
(f) The Capital of the new firm to be fixed at X 30,000. The continuing partners decided to keep their capitals in the new profit sharing ratio of 3 : 2.
Work out ‘he final balances in capital accounts of the firm, and the amounts to be brought in and/or withdrawn by A and C to make their capitals proportionate to their new profit sharing ratio.
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Question 10.
Narang, Suri and Bajaj are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in proportion of 1/2, 1/6 and 1/3 respectively. The Balance Sheet on April 1, 2014 was as follows:


Bajaj retires from the business and the partners agree to the following:
(a) Freehold premises and stock are to be appreciated by 20% and 15% respectively.
(b) Machinery and furniture are to be depreciated by 10% and 7% respectively.
(c) Bad Debts reserve is to be increased to ₹ 1,500.
(d) Goodwill is valued at ₹ 21,000 on Bajaj’s retirement.
(e) The continuing partners have decided to adjust their capitals in their new profit sharing ratio after retirement of Bajaj Surplus/deficit, if any, in their capital accounts will be adjusted through current accounts.
Prepare necessary ledger accounts and draw the Balance Sheet of the reconstituted firm.
Answer:

Question 11.
X, Y and Z were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 5 : 3 : 2. On 31.3.2015 their Balance Sheet was as follows:


On the above date Y retired and X and Z agreed to continue the business on the following terms :
(i) Goodwill of the firm was valued at ₹ 51,000.
(ii) There was a claim of ₹ 4,000 for workmen’s compensation.
(iii) Provision for bad debts was to be reduced by ₹ 1,000.
(iv) Y will be paid ₹ 8,200 in cash and the balance will be transferred in his loan account which will be paid in four equal yearly instalments together with interest @ 10% p.a.
(v) The new profit sharing ratio between X and Z will be 3 : 2 and their capitals will be in their new profit sharing ratio. The capital adjustments will be done by opening current accounts.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partner’s Capital Accounts and the Balance Sheet of the reconstituted Firm. (CBSE Outside Delhi 2016)
Answer:

Question 12.
Pranav, Karan and Rahim were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2 : 2 : 1. On 31 st March, 2017 their Balance Sheet was as follows :

Karan died on 12.6.2017. According to the partnership deed, the legal representatives of the deceased partner were entitled to the following :
(i) Balance in his Capital Account.
(ii) Interest on Capital @ 12% p.a.
(iii) Share of goodwill. Goodwill of the firm on Karan’s death was valued at ₹ 60,000.
Share in the profits of the firm till the date of his death, calculated on the basis of last year’s profit. The profit of the firm for the year ended 31.3.2017 was ₹ 5,00,000. Prepare Karan’s Capital Account to be presented to his representatives. (CBSE 2018-19)
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