Online Education NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi Sparsh Chapter 7

Online Education NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi Sparsh Chapter 7  धर्म की आड़

These Solutions are part of Online Education NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi Sparsh Chapter 7 धर्म की आड़.

पाठ्य-पुस्तक के प्रश्न-अभ्यास

मौखिक

निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक-दो पंक्तियों में दीजिए-

प्रश्न 1.
आज धर्म के नाम पर क्या-क्या हो रहा है?
उत्तर:
आज धर्म के नाम पर कुछ स्वार्थी लोगों द्वारा उत्पात किया जा रहा है और भोले-भाले लोगों को आपस में लड़ाया जा रहा है।

प्रश्न 2.
धर्म के व्यापार को रोकने के लिए क्या उद्योग होने चाहिए?
उत्तर:
धर्म के व्यापार को रोकने के लिए साहस और दृढ़ता के साथ उसका विरोध होना चाहिए।

प्रश्न 3.
लेखक के अनुसार स्वाधीनता आंदोलन का कौन-सा दिन सबसे बुरा था?
उत्तर:
स्वाधीनता आंदोलन का वह दिन सबसे बुरा था जब स्वाधीनता के काम में मुल्ला, मौलवी, शंकराचार्य जैसे धर्म के आचार्यों को अधिक महत्त्व दिया गया।

प्रश्न 4.
साधारण से साधारण आदमी तक के दिल में क्या बात अच्छी तरह घर कर बैठी है?
उत्तर:
साधारण से साधारण आदमी तक के दिल में यह बात अच्छी तरह घर करके बैठी है कि धर्म और ईमान के नाम पर अपनी जान दे देना उचित है।

प्रश्न 5.
धर्म के स्पष्ट चिह्न क्या हैं?
उत्तर:
शुद्ध आचरण और सदाचार करना धर्म के स्पष्ट चिह्न हैं।

लिखित

(क) निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर (25-30 शब्दों में) लिखिए

प्रश्न 1.
चलते पुरजे लोग धर्म के नाम पर क्या करते हैं?
उत्तर:
चलते पुरज़े लोग धर्म के नाम पर लोगों को बेवकूफ़ बनाकर अपना स्वार्थ सिद्ध करते हैं। वे चाहते हैं कि उनका नेतृत्व कायम रहे। उनका प्रभाव बना रहे।

प्रश्न 2.
चालाक लोग साधारण आदमी की किस अवस्था का लाभ उठाते हैं? [CBSE 2012]
उत्तर:
चालाक लोग साधारण आदमी की धार्मिक भावनाएँ भड़काते हैं। साधारण आदमी धर्माध होकर धर्म के नाम पर मरने-मिटने को तैयार हो जाता है। उसकी इसी स्थिति का लाभ चालाक लोग उठाते हैं।

प्रश्न 3.
आनेवाला समय किस प्रकार के धर्म को नहीं टिकने देगा?
उत्तर:
जो लोग धर्म के प्रति दिखावा मात्र करके लोगों को आपस में लड़वाते हैं, आनेवाला समय उन्हें टिकने नहीं देगा। जन साधारण की समझ में आ गया है कि ऐसे धार्मिक नेता उनकी भावनाओं से खेलते हैं।

प्रश्न 4.
कौन-सा कार्य देश की स्वाधीनता के विरुद्ध समझा जाएगा?
उत्तर:
प्रत्येक व्यक्ति किसी धर्म को मानने और पूजा-उपासना की कोई भी रीति अपनाने को स्वतंत्र है। उसकी इस स्वाधीनता में हस्तक्षेप करने के कार्य को देश की स्वाधीनता के विरुद्ध समझा जाएगा।

प्रश्न 5.
पाश्चात्य देशों में धनी और निर्धन लोगों में क्या अंतर है?
उत्तर:
पाश्चात्य देशों में धनी लोगों के पास पैसा है, ऊँची-ऊँची इमारतें हैं, सुख-सुविधा है। गरीब लोग रोटी के लिए संघर्ष करते हैं और झोंपड़ियों में रहते हैं।

प्रश्न 6.
कौन-से लोग धार्मिक लोगों से अधिक अच्छे हैं?
उत्तर:
जिन लोगों का आचरण अच्छा है, जो दूसरों का कल्याण करते हैं, अपने आचरण से दूसरों को दुख नहीं पहुंचाते हैं तथा जो अपनी स्वार्थ सिद्धि के लिए भोले-भाले लोगों का शोषण नहीं करते हैं, वे धार्मिक लोगों से अधिक अच्छे हैं।

(ख) निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर (50-60 शब्दों में) लिखिए

प्रश्न 1.
धर्म और ईमान के नाम पर किए जाने वाले भीषण व्यापार को कैसे रोका जा सकता है? [CBSE 2012]
उत्तर:
धर्म और ईमान के नाम परं दंगे-फसाद हो रहे हैं। कुछ स्वार्थी आदमी धर्म के नाम पर लोगों को आपस में लड़वाते हैं। अपने निजी स्वार्थों के लिए आम आदमी के प्राण ले लिए जाते हैं। इसको रोकने का उपाय है कि लोगों को उन आदमियों और धर्म की सही शिक्षा के लिए जानकारी दी जाए। लोगों को समझाया जाए कि दंगा करके खून बहाने वालों का कोई धर्म नहीं होता।

प्रश्न 2.
‘बुद्धि को मार’ के संबंध में लेख़क के क्या विचार हैं?” [CBSE 2012]
उत्तर:
बुधि की मार के संबंध में लेखक का विचार है-कुछ चलते-पुरज़े लोगों द्वारा साधारण लोगों के मस्तिष्क में ऐसे विचार भर देना कि वे अपनी बुधि से कुछ भी सोचने-समझने योग्य न रह जाएँ। ऐसे लोगों की धार्मिक भावनाएँ भड़काकर अपने हित साधने योग्य बना लेना ताकि स्वार्थी लोग अपना स्वार्थ आसानी से पूरा कर सकें।

प्रश्न 3.
लेखक की दृष्टि में धर्म की भावना कैसी होनी चाहिए?
उत्तर:
लेखक के अनुसार, धर्म के विषय में मानव स्वतंत्र होना चाहिए। हर व्यक्ति आजाद हो। वह जो धर्म अपनाना चाहे, अपनाए। कोई किसी की स्वतंत्रता में बाधा न खड़ी करे। धर्म का संबंध हमारे मन से, ईमान से, ईश्वर और आत्मा से होना चाहिए। वह मन को शुद्ध करने का मार्ग होना चाहिए, अपने जीवन को ऊँचा उठाने का साधन होना चाहिए, दूसरे को कुचलने का नहीं।

प्रश्न 4.
महात्मा गाँधी के धर्म संबंधी विचारों पर प्रकाश डालिए। [CBSE 2012]
उत्तर:
गांधी जी धर्म को मानने वाले थे। इसके बिना वे एक कदम भी नहीं चलते थे। वे पूजा-पाठ, नमाज पढ़ने जैसी दिखावापूर्ण धार्मिक क्रियाओं को सच्चा धर्म नहीं मानते थे। उनका धर्म पवित्र भावनाओं से भरपूर था। वे धर्म को लोगों के कल्याण का साधन समझते थे। उनका मानना था कि धर्म ऊँचे और उदार तत्वों का हुआ करता है, जिसे अपनाने में किसी को आपत्ति नहीं हो सकती।

प्रश्न 5.
सबके कल्याण हेतु अपने आचरणा को सुधारना क्यों आवश्यक है?
उत्तर:
जब तक हम स्वयं का आचरण ठीक नहीं रखेंगे, दूसरे लोगों को उसकी प्रेरणा नहीं दे सकते। समाज में उदाहरण बनने के लिए हमें स्वयं का आचरण सुधारना होगा। मानव मात्र की भलाई तभी हो सकती है, जब हम निजी स्वार्थ को छोड़कर पूरे समाज की भलाई के बारे में सोचें।

(ग) निम्नलिखित का आशय स्पष्ट कीजिए

प्रश्न 1.
उबल पड़ने वाले साधारण आदमी को इसमें केवल इतना ही दोष है कि वह कुछ भी नहीं समझता-बूझता, और दूसरे लोग उसे जिधर जोत देते हैं, उधर जुत जाता है।
उत्तर:
कुछ चालू-पुरज़े लोग तथा धर्म के तथाकथिक ठेकेदार साधारण लोगों के दिमाग में यह बात अच्छी तरह बिठा देते हैं कि धर्म और ईमान ही तुम्हारे लिए सब कुछ हैं। इसी से तुम्हारा कल्याण होने वाला है। इसकी रक्षा करते हुए तुम्हें अपनी ज्ञान की परवाह नहीं करनी चाहिए। ये अनपढ़ साधारण भोले लोग धर्म क्या है, यह जाने-समझे बिना तनिक-सा उकसाए जाते ही मरने-कटने के लिए तैयार हो जाते हैं। वे दूसरों के बहकावे में जल्दी आ जाते हैं। इससे उनकी शक्ति और साहस का दुरुपयोग स्वार्थी लोग अपने हित के लिए करते हैं।

प्रश्न 2.
यहाँ है बुद्धि पर परदा डालकर पहले ईश्वर और आत्मा का स्थान अपने लिए लेना, और फिर धर्म, ईमान, ईश्वर और आत्मा के नाम पर अपनी स्वार्थ सिद्धि के लिए लोगों को लड़ाना-भिड़ाना।
उत्तर:
भारत में धार्मिक नेता लोगों की बुद्धि का शोषण करते हैं। पहले वे अपने प्रति अंध श्रद्धा उत्पन्न करते हैं। लोग उन्हें ईश्वर, आत्मा और धर्म का पूज्य प्रतीक मान बैठते हैं। जब लोगों की श्रद्धा उन पर जम जाती है तो वे ईमान, धर्म, ईश्वर या आत्मा का नाम लेकर उन्हें दूसरे धर्म वालों से लड़ाते-भिड़ाते हैं तथा अपने स्वार्थ सिद्ध करते हैं।

प्रश्न 3.
अब तो, आपका पूजा-पाठ न देखा जाएगा, आपकी भलमनसाहत की कसौटी केवल आपका आचरण होगी।
उत्तर:
धर्म और ढोंग में अंतर है। धर्म ईश्वर तक पहुँचाने की कड़ी है। कुछ लोग धर्म का आडंबर करते हुए दो-दो घंटे तक पूजा-पाठ करते हैं, शंख बजाते हैं, नमाज़ पढ़ते हैं। ऐसा करके वे समझते हैं कि वे कुछ भी करने के लिए स्वतंत्र हैं। ऐसे लोग यदि अपना आचरण नहीं सुधारते हैं, तो यह पूर्जा-पाठ सब व्यर्थ हो जाएगा। उनके आचरण-व्यवहार में सज्जनता और दूसरों के कल्याण की भावना निहित होनी चाहिए।

प्रश्न 4.
तुम्हारे मानने ही से मेरा ईश्वरत्व कायम नहीं रहेगा, दया करके, मनुष्यत्व को मानो, पशु बनना छोड़ो और आदमी बनो! [CBSE 2012]
उत्तर:
स्वयं ईश्वर भटके हुए लोगों को कहता है-लोगों को धर्म के नाम पर लड़वाना छोड़ो। अपवित्र काम छोड़ो, खुद की पूजा करवाना छोड़ दो। मानवता को समझो। आदमी बनो और पशु वाला आचरण त्याग दो। आशय यह है कि धर्म के नाम पर कट्टरता त्याग दो और मनुष्य के साथ उदारतापूर्वक सहयोग और स्नेह से व्यवहार करो।

भाषा-अध्ययन

प्रश्न 1.
उदाहरण के अनुसार शब्दों के विपरीतार्थक लिखिए

          सुगम            –      दुर्गम

  1. धर्म              –       …………………..
  2. ईमान           –       …………………..
  3. साधारण       –       …………………..
  4. स्वार्थ           –       …………………..
  5. दुरुपयोग     –        …………………..
  6. नियंत्रित       –       …………………..
  7. स्वाधीनता    –       …………………..

उत्तर:

  1. धर्म             –        अधर्म
  2. ईमान          –         बेईमान
  3. साधारण      –        असाधारण
  4. स्वार्थ          –        निस्वार्थ
  5. दुरुपयोग    –        सदुपयोग
  6. नियंत्रित      –        अनियंत्रित
  7. स्वाधीनता   –       पराधीनता

प्रश्न 2.
निम्नलिखित उपसर्गों का प्रयोग करके दो-दो शब्द बनाइए-

  1. ला,
  2. बिला,
  3. बे,
  4. बद,
  5. ना,
  6. खुश,
  7. हर,
  8. गैर

उत्तर:

  1. ला – लापता, लाजवाब, लापरवाही।
  2. बिला – बिलावजह, बिलानागा।
  3. बे – अदब, बेवज़ह, बेवफ़ा, बेशक ।
  4. बद – बदनाम, बदसूरत, बदतमीज़ ।
  5. ना – नासमझ, नादानी, नामर्द ।
  6. खुश – खुशफहमी, खुशगवार।
  7. हर – हररोज़, हरदम।
  8. गैर – गैरकानूनी, गैरहाज़िर।

प्रश्न 3.
उदाहरण के अनुसार ‘त्व’ प्रत्यय लगाकर पाँच शब्द बनाइए-
उदाहरण : देव + त्व = देवत्व
उत्तर:

  1. लघु + त्व = लघुत्व
  2. प्रभु + त्व = प्रभुत्व
  3. महत् + त्व = महत्त्व
  4. नारी + त्व = नारीत्व
  5. मनुष्य + त्व = मनुष्यत्व।

प्रश्न 4.
निम्नलिखित उदाहरण को पढ़कर पाठ में आए संयुक्त शब्दों को छाँटकर लिखिए-
उदाहरण : चलते पुरजे
उत्तर:

  1. समझता – बूझता,
  2. पढ़े – लिखे,
  3. इने – गिने,
  4. मन – माना,
  5. स्वार्थ – सिद्धि,
  6. लड़ाना – भिड़ाना,
  7. दीन – दीन,
  8. नित्य – प्रति,
  9. भली – भाँति,
  10. दिन – भर,
  11. पूजा – पाठ,
  12. देश – भर,
  13. सुख – दुःख।

प्रश्न 5.
‘भी’ का प्रयोग करते हुए पाँच वाक्य बनाइए-
उदाहरण : आज मुझे बाज़ार होते हुए अस्पताल भी जाना है।
उत्तर:

  1. यह भोजन मेरे साथ तुम्हें भी करना है।
  2. गाँधीजी के साथ नेहरू भी आए हैं।
  3. आज सब्जीमंडी से आम भी लाना।
  4. नौकरी के लिए मेहनत ही नहीं, सिफ़ारिश भी करनी पड़ती है।
  5. हम मसूरी-नैनीताल ही नहीं, कौसानी भी गए थे।

योग्यता-विस्तार

प्रश्न 1.
‘धर्म एकता का माध्यम है-इस विषय पर कक्षा में परिचर्चा कीजिए।
उत्तर:

  1. एक छात्र – धर्म से एकता बढ़ती है। धार्मिक आयोजनों में लोग ऊँच-नीच भूलकर मित्र भाव से भाग लेते हैं।
  2. दूसरा छात्र – परंतु कुछ लोग धर्म के नाम पर ही स्वयं को अलग मानते हैं। कोई खुद को सिख कहता है, कोई बौद्ध कहता है, कोई हिंदू तो कोई मुसलमान।।
  3. तीसरा छात्र – परंतु वे सब हैं तो आदमी ही। चौथा छात्र-परंतु धर्म का नाम लेते ही वे स्वयं को इनसान नहीं हिंदू, ईसाई या मुसलमान कहने लगते हैं।

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Online Education NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Sanskrit Chapter 14 आर्यभटः

We have given detailed Online Education NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Sanskrit Ruchira Chapter 14 आर्यभटः Questions and Answers come in handy for quickly completing your homework.

Online Education NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Sanskrit Ruchira Chapter 14 आर्यभटः

Class 8 Sanskrit Chapter 8 Chapter 14 आर्यभटः Textbook Questions and Answers

1. एकपदेन उत्तरत
(एकपद में उत्तर दो)

(क) सूर्यः कस्यां दिशायाम् उदेति?
उत्तराणि:
पूर्वस्याम्।

(ख) आर्यभटस्य वेधशाला कुत्र आसीत्?
उत्तराणि:
पाटलिपुत्रे।

(ग) महान् गणितज्ञः ज्योतिर्विच्च कः अस्ति?
उत्तराणि:
आर्यभटः।

(घ) आर्यभटेन कः ग्रन्थः रचित?
उत्तराणि:
आर्यभटीयम्।

(ङ) अस्माकं प्रथमोपग्रहस्य नाम किम् अस्ति?
उत्तराणि:
आर्यभटः।

2. पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरत –
(पूर्ण वाक्य में उत्तर दो)

(क) कः सुस्थापितः सिद्धान्तः?
उत्तराणि:
सूर्योऽचलः पृथिवी च चलेति सुस्थापितः सिद्धान्तः।

(ख) चन्द्रग्रहणं कथं भवति?
उत्तराणि:
यदा पृथिव्याः छायया चन्द्रस्य प्रकाशः अवरुध्यते, तदा चन्द्रग्रहणं भवति।

(ग) सूर्यग्रहणं कथं दृश्यते?
उत्तराणि:
चन्द्रस्य छायया सूर्यग्रहणं भवति।

(घ) आर्यभटस्य विरोधः किमर्थमभवत्?
उत्तराणि:
नूतनविचाराणां स्थापनया आर्यभटस्य विरोधः अभवत्।

(ङ) प्रथमोपग्रहस्य नाम आर्यभटः इति कथं कृतम्?
उत्तराणि:
आर्यभटस्य योगदानम् अवलोक्य प्रथमोपग्रहस्य नाम आर्यभटः इति कृतम्।

3. रेखांकितपदानि आधृत्य प्रश्ननिर्माणं कुरुत –
(रेखांकित पदों के लिए प्रश्न निर्माण कीजिए)

(क) सूर्यः पश्चिमायां दिशायाम् अस्तं गच्छति।
उत्तराणि:
सूर्यः कस्यां दिशायाम् अस्तं गच्छति?

(ख) पृथिवी स्थिरा वर्तते इति परम्परया प्रचलिता रूढिः।
उत्तराणि:
पृथिवी स्थिरा वर्तते इति कथं प्रचलिता रूढिः?

(ग) आर्यभटस्य योगदानं गणितज्योतिषः संबद्धः वर्तते।
उत्तराणि:
आर्यभटस्य योगदान केन संबद्धः वर्तते?

(घ) समाजे नूतनविचाराणां स्वीकरणे प्रायः सामान्यजनाः काठिन्यमनुमवन्ति।
उत्तराणि:
समाजे नूतनविचाराणां स्वीकरणे प्रायः के काठिन्यमनुमवन्ति।

(ङ) पृथ्वीसूर्ययोः मध्ये चन्द्रस्य छाया पातेन सूर्य ग्रहणं भवति।
उत्तराणि:
कयोः मध्ये चन्द्रस्य छाया पातेन सूर्य ग्रहणं भवति?

4. मञ्जूषातः पदानि चित्वा रिक्तस्थानानि पूरयत –
(मंजूषा से पदों को लेकर रिक्तस्थानों को पूरा करो)

मञ्जूषा- [ नौकाम्, पृथिवी, तदा, चला, अस्तं]

(क) सूर्यः पूर्वदिशायाम् उदेति पश्चिमदिशायां च ………… गच्छति।
उत्तराणि:
सूर्यः पूर्वदिशायाम् उदेति पश्चिमदिशायां च अस्तं गच्छति।

(ख) सूर्यः अचलः पृथिवी च ………..
उत्तराणि:
सूर्यः अचलः पृथिवी च चला।

(ग) ……….. स्वकीये अक्षे घूर्णति।
उत्तराणि:
पृथिवी स्वकीये अक्षे घूर्णति।

(घ) यदा पृथिव्याः छायापातेन चन्द्रस्य प्रकाशः अवरुध्यते ……….. चन्द्रग्रहणं भवति।
उत्तराणि:
यदा पृथिव्याः छायापातेन चन्द्रस्य प्रकाशः अवरुध्यते तदा चन्द्रग्रहणं भवति।

(ङ) नौकायाम् उपविष्टः मानवः ………….. स्थिरामनुभवति।
उत्तराणि:
नौकायाम् उपविष्टः मानवः नौकां स्थिरामनुभवति ।

5. सन्धिविच्छेदं कुरुत
(सन्धिविच्छेद करो)

ग्रन्थोऽयम् = ……………… + ………………..
सूर्याचलः = ……………… + ………………..
तथैव = ……………… + ………………..
कालातिगामिनी = ……………… + ………………..
प्रथमोपग्रहस्य = ……………… + ………………..
उत्तराणि:
ग्रन्थोऽयम् = ग्रन्थः + अयम्।
सूर्याचलः = सूर्य + अचलः।
तथैव = तथा + एव।
कालातिगामिनी = काल + अतिगामिनी।
प्रथमोपग्रहस्य = प्रथम + उपग्रहस्य।

6. (अ) अधोलिखितपदानां विपरीतार्थकपदानि लिखत –
(निम्नलिखित पदों के विपरीतार्थक पद लिखो)

उदयः – ………………..
अचलः – ………………..
अन्धकारः – ………………..
स्थिरः – ………………..
समादरः – ………………..
आकाशस्य – ………………..
उत्तराणि:
उदयः – अस्तः ।
अचलः – चलः।
अन्धकारः – प्रकाशः।
स्थिरः – अस्थिरः।
समादरः – अनादरः।
आकाशस्य – धरायाः ।

6. (आ) अधोलिखितपदानां समानार्थकपदानि पाठात् चित्वा लिखत –
(निम्न पदों के समान अर्थ वाले पाठ में चुनकर लिखिए)

शब्दाः – अर्थाः
संसारे – ………………..
इदानीम् – ………………..
वसुन्धरा – ………………..
समीपम् – ………………..
गणनम् – ………………..
राक्षसौ – ………………..
उत्तराणि:
शब्दाः – अर्थाः
संसारे – लोके
इदानीम् – साम्प्रतम्
वसुन्धरा – पृथिवी
समीपम् – निकषा
गणनम् – आकलनम्
राक्षसौ – राहुकेतुनामानौ

7. अधोलिखितानि पदानि आधृत्य वाक्यानि रचयत –
(निम्नलिखित पदों के आधार पर वाक्यों की रचना करो)

साम्प्रतम् – …………………
निकषा – …………………
परितः – …………………
उपविष्टः – …………………
कर्मभूमिः – …………………
वैज्ञानिकः – …………………
उत्तराणि:
साम्प्रतम् विज्ञानस्य युगम् अस्ति।
ग्रामं निकषा तडागः अस्ति।
नगरं परितः जलं वर्तते।
वृक्षे एकः काकः उपविष्टः अस्ति।
श्रीकृष्णस्य कर्मभूमिः गोकुलम् आसीत् ।
आर्यभटः वैज्ञानिकः आसीत्।

Class 8 Sanskrit Chapter 14 आर्यभटः Additional Important Questions and Answers

अधोलिखितं गद्यांशं पठित्वा निर्देशानुसारं प्रश्नान् उत्तरत –

476 तमे ख्रिस्ताब्दे आर्यभटः जन्म लब्धवानिति तेनैव विरचिते ‘आर्यभटीयम्’ इत्यस्मिन् ग्रन्थे उल्लिखितम्। ग्रन्थोऽयं तेन त्रयोविंशतितमे वयसि विरचितः। ऐतिहासिकस्रोतोभिः ज्ञायते यत् पाटलिपुत्रं निकषा आर्यभटस्य वेधशाला आसीत्।

I. एकपदेन उत्तरत

(i) आर्यभटः कदा जन्म लब्धवान्?
उत्तराणि:
476 तमे वर्षे ।

(ii) आर्यभटस्य वेधशाला कुत्र आसीत्?
उत्तराणि:
पाटलिपुत्रं निकषा।

II. पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरत

(i) आर्यभटेन को ग्रन्थः लिखितः?
उत्तराणि:
आर्यभटेन ‘आर्यभटीयम्’ इति ग्रन्थो लिखितः।

III. निर्देशानुसारम् प्रदत्तविकल्पेभ्यः उचितं उत्तरं चित्वा लिखत –

(i) ‘विरचितः’ इति क्रियापदस्य कर्तृपदं किम्?
(क) अयं
(ख) तेन
(ग) वयसि
(घ) ग्रन्थः
उत्तराणि:
(ख) तेन

(ii) ‘लब्धवान्’ इत्यस्मिन् पदे कः प्रत्ययः?
(क) क्त
(ख) वान्
(ग) शानच्
(घ) क्तवतु
उत्तराणि:
(घ) क्तवतु

समुचितपदेन रिक्तस्थानानि पूरयत येन कथनानां भावः स्पष्टो भवेत् –

सूर्यो गतिशील इति अवबोध्यम्।
भाव:-……… भ्रमति इति ज्ञेयम्।
उत्तरम्-
सूर्यः भ्रमति इति ज्ञेयम् ।

अधोलिखितेषु भावार्थेषु समुचितभावार्थं लिखत

(क) पृथिव्याम् अवस्थितः मानवः पृथिवीं स्थिराम् अनुभवति।
भावार्थाः
(i) पृथिव्यां स्थितः जनः ‘पृथिवी स्थिरा अस्ति’ इति जानाति।
(ii) स्थिर पृथिव्यां मानवः तिष्ठति।
(iii) मानवः पृथिवीं स्थिरां मन्यते।
उत्तराणि:
(i) पृथिव्यां स्थितः जनः ‘पृथिवी स्थिरा अस्ति’ इति जानाति।

अधोलिखितेषु शुद्धकथनं ( ✓ ) चिह्नन अशुद्धकथनं (✗) चिह्नन अङ्कयत –

स पण्डितम्मन्यानाम् उपहासपात्रम् जातः

(i) पण्डितम्मन्याः जनाः आर्यभटस्य उपहासम् अकुर्वन् ।
(ii) सः पण्डितानाम् उपहासम् अकरोत् ।
उत्तराणि:
(i) (✓)
(ii) (✗)

अधोलिखितवाक्येषु स्थूलपदानि आधृत्य प्रश्ननिर्माणं कुरुत –

(i) आर्यभटस्य अपि विरोधः अभवत् ।
(क) कस्याः
(ख) कस्य
(ग) केषाम्
(घ) कस्मिन्
उत्तराणि:
कस्य विरोधः अभवत्?

(ii) सूर्यः पूर्वदिशायाम् उदेति।
(क) किम्
(ख) क:
(ग) का
(घ) कम्
उत्तराणि:
कः पूर्वदिशायाम् उदेति?

(iii) सूर्योऽचलः पृथिवी च चला।
(क) कः
(ख) कौ
(ग) का
(घ) के
उत्तराणि:
का चला अस्ति?

घटनाक्रमानुसारम् अधोलिखितानि वाक्यानि पुनः लेखनीयानि –

(i) आर्यभटस्य विरोधः अभवत् ।
उत्तराणि:
476 तमे ख्रिस्ताब्दे आर्यभटः जन्म लब्धवान्।

(ii) 476 तमे ख्रिस्ताब्दे आर्यभट: जन्म लब्धवान् ।
उत्तराणि:
तेन आर्यभटीयम् इति ग्रन्थः प्रणीतः।

(iii) तेन आर्यभटीयम् इति ग्रन्थः प्रणीतः।
उत्तराणि:
पाटलिपुत्रे आर्यभटस्य वेधशाला आसीत्।

(iv) अस्माकं प्रथमोपग्रहस्य नाम आर्यभट इति कृतम्।
उत्तराणि:
तस्य कर्मभूमिः पाटलिपुत्रमेव आसीत्।

(v) पाटलिपुत्रे आर्यभटस्य वेधशाला आसीत्।
उत्तराणि:
गणितपद्धत्या तेन ग्रहणस्य वैज्ञानिकं कारणं उपादिशत्।

(vi) गणितपद्धत्या तेन ग्रहणस्य वैज्ञानिकं कारणं उपादिशत्।
उत्तराणि:
आर्यभटस्य विरोधः अभवत्।

(vii) तस्य कर्मभूमिः पाटलिपुत्रमेव आसीत्।
उत्तराणि:
अस्माकं प्रथमोपग्रहस्य नाम आर्यभट इति कृतम्।

अधोलिखिते सन्दर्भे रिक्तस्थानानि मंजूषातः उचितपदैः पूरयत –

आर्यभटस्य …………… गणितज्योतिषा …….. ……. वर्तते यत्र …………… आकलनं ……………. आदधाति।
[महत्त्वम्, योगदानम्, सम्बद्धम्, संख्यानाम् ।]
उत्तराणि:
आर्यभटस्य योगदानम् गणितज्योतिषा सम्बद्धम् वर्तते यत्र संख्यानाम् आकलनं महत्त्वम् आदधाति।

अधोलिखितानां शब्दानां वाक्येषु प्रयोगं कुरुत –

उदेति, अनुभवति, निकषा।
उत्तराणि:
(i) उदेति = उदयः भवति।
सूर्यः पूर्वस्याम् उदेति।

(ii) अनुभवति = अनुभवं करोति।
सन्तुष्टः जनः सदा सुखम् अनुभवति।

(iii) निकषा = निकटे।
ग्रामं निकषा उपवनम् अस्ति।

अधोलिखितानां शब्दानां समक्षं दत्तैरथैः सह मेलनं कुरुत –

शब्दाः – अर्थाः
(i) नूतनः – प्राप्तः
(ii) निकषा – कठिनता
(iii) काठिन्यम् – अवस्था
(iv) समागतः – नवीनः
(v) वयः – समीपम्
(vi) लब्धः – आगतः।
उत्तराणि:
शब्दाः – अर्थाः
(i) नूतनः – नवीनः
(ii) निकषा – समीपम्
(iii) काठिन्यम् – कठिनता
(iv) समागतः – आगतः
(v) वयः – अवस्था
(vi) लब्धः – प्राप्तः।

1. निम्नलिखितगद्यांशद्वयं पठित्वा प्रश्नान् उत्तरत –

(क) समाजे नूतनानां विचाराणां स्वीकारे प्रायः सामान्यजनाः काठिन्यमनुभवन्ति। भारतीयज्योति:शास्त्रे तथैव आर्यभटस्यापि विरोधः अभवत्। तस्य सिद्धान्ताः उपेक्षिताः।

(i) एकपदेन उत्तरत-

कस्य सिद्धान्ताः उपेक्षिता:?
(क) आर्यभटः
(ख) आर्यभटस्य
(ग) आर्यभटे
(घ) आर्यभटाय
उत्तराणि:
(ख) आर्यभटस्य

(ii) पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरत-

समाजे सामान्यजनाः केषाम् स्वीकारे काठिन्यम् अनुभवन्ति?
उत्तराणि:
समाजे नूतनानां विचाराणां स्वीकारे सामान्यजनाः काठिन्यमनुभवन्ति।

(iii) ‘तस्य’ इति सर्वनामपदं कस्मै प्रयुक्तः?
(क) आर्यभटाय
(ख) आर्यभटः
(ग) आर्यभटेन
(घ) आर्यभटस्य
उत्तराणि:
(घ) आर्यभटस्य

(iv) ‘नवीनानां’ इत्यर्थे किं पदं प्रयुक्तं?
(क) नूतनानां
(ख) प्राचीन
(ग) नूतन
(घ) नूतनानि
उत्तराणि:
(क) नूतनानां

(ख) ग्रन्थोऽयं तेन त्रयोविंशतितमे वयसि विरचितः। ऐतिहासिकस्रोतोभिः ज्ञायते यत् पाटलिपुत्रं निकषा आर्यभटस्य वेधशाला आसीत्। अनेन इदम् अनुमीयते यत् तस्य कर्मभूमिः पाटलिपुत्रमेव आसीत्।

(i) एकपदेन उत्तरत

पाटलिपुत्रम् कस्य कर्मभूमिः आसीत्?
(क) आर्यभटस्य
(ख) आर्यभटः
(ग) आर्यभटं
(घ) आर्यभटाः
उत्तराणि:
(क) आर्यभटस्य

(ii) पूर्णवाक्येन उत्तरत

आर्यभटेन कदा ग्रन्थः रचित?
उत्तराणि:
आर्यभटेन त्रयोविंशतितमे वयसि ग्रन्थः रचितः।

(iii) ‘समीपं’ इत्यस्य पर्यायपदं गद्यांशे किं प्रयुक्तं?
(क) निकषा
(ख) यत्
(ग) वयसि
(घ) ज्ञायते
उत्तराणि:
(क) निकषा

(iv) ‘वयसि’ अस्मिन् पदे का विभक्तिः किं वचनं च?
(क) प्रथमा, एकवचन
(ख) सप्तमी, बहुवचन
(ग) सप्तमी, एकवचन
(घ) षष्ठी, एकवचन
उत्तराणि:
(ग) सप्तमी, एकवचन

2. रेखाङ्कितपदानि आधृत्य प्रश्ननिर्माणं कुरुत –

(i) भारतस्य प्रथमोपग्रहस्य नाम आर्यभटः अस्ति?
(क) कस्याः
(ख) कस्य
(ग) कया
(घ) केन
उत्तराणि:
(ख) कस्य

(ii) पूर्वदिशायाम् उदेति सूर्यः।
(क) कः
(ख) कस्य
(ग) कस्याम्
(घ) का
उत्तराणि:
(ग) कस्याम्

The Monkey and the Crocodile Extra Questions and Answers Class 6 English A Pact with the Sun

Online Education for The Monkey and the Crocodile Extra Questions and Answers Class 6 English A Pact with the Sun

Here we are providing Online Education for The Monkey and the Crocodile Extra Questions and Answers Class 6 English A Pact with the Sun, Extra Questions for Class 6 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-6-english/

Online Education for The Monkey and the Crocodile Extra Questions and Answers Class 6 English A Pact with the Sun

The Monkey and the Crocodile Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

The Monkey And The Crocodile Extra Questions Class 6 Question 1.
Why had the monkey welcomed the crocodile?
Answer:
The monkey was happy to have a friend. He welcomed the crocodile because he had plenty of sweet fruits to eat. Earlier he had no friend to talk to and share the fruits with.

The Monkey And The Crocodile Extra Question Answer Class 6 Question 2.
How did the monkey and the crocodile become good friends?
Answer:
The monkey and the crocodile were lonely, secondly the monkey had lots of tasty fruits to give to the crocodile.

Extra Questions Of The Monkey And The Crocodile Class 6 Question 3.
What was the plan pf crocodile’s wife?
Answer:
The crocodile’s wife was annoyed with him for spending a lot of time with the monkey. She was fed up with managing the young ones alone. So she planned to get rid of the monkey once for all.

Monkey And The Crocodile Extra Questions Class 6 Question 4.
Whom did the crocodile choose to betray?
Answer:
The crocodile loved his wife. He was also very fond of his friend, the monkey. He, finally decided to betray his friend and please his life partner.

The Monkey And The Crocodile Class 6 Extra Questions Question 5.
How was the monkey taken to crocodile’s home?
Answer:
The monkey readily agreed to go with his friend. But he was not a swimmer. He rode on the crocodile’s back. And they set out.

The Monkey And The Crocodile Question Answer Class 6 Question 6.
‘The monkey was scared and depressed’. Why?
Answer:
The monkey realised the danger to his life. He could not jump into the river as he could not swim. The thought of his sure death made him sad and seared.

Class 6 English The Monkey And The Crocodile Extra Questions Question 7.
What did the monkey do as he reached the tree?
Answer:
The clever monkey climbed the tree. He offered some fruit to his friend. He declared that they won’t meet again.

The Monkey And The Crocodile Comprehension Questions Class 6 Question 8.
‘The monkey was nice and clever’. How?
Answer:
The crocodile was a good friend of the monkey who gave him lot of fruits for him as well as for his wife. One day the crocodile returned home late. The wife was annoyed. She wanted him to break up with his friend. So she wished to eat the monkey’s heart. The crocodile carried his friend on his back. In midstream he disclosed his wife’s plan. The monkey was clever enough to save his life. He said he had left his heart behind on the tree. As the two came back to the tree, the monkey climbed up.

Question 9.
The monkey was happy living in the fruit tree, but his happiness was not complete. What did he miss?
Answer:
The monkey was happy in his fruit tree home. He had plenty to eat, but he had no company. He felt lonely. He needed a companion to talk to and also to share his fruits.

Question 10.
What did the two friends generally talk about?
Answer:
The two friends talked about birds, animals, nearby villages and villager’s difficulties.

Question 11.
Why was the crocodile’s wife annoyed with her husband one day?
Answer:
The crocodile’s wife was annoyed of waiting for the crocodile to come home and in managing the little crocodiles that had just been hatched.

Question 12.
Why was the crocodile unwilling to invite his friend home?
Answer:
The crocodile’s wife desired to eat heart of the monkey. She ordered him to bring the monkey. He could* not betray his friend. Therefore, he was unwilling to invite his friend (the monkey) home.

Question 13.
What did the crocodile tell the monkey midstream?
Answer:
The crocodile told the monkey that his wife wanted to eat his heart.

Question 14.
How did the monkey save himself?
Answer:
The monkey was very clever. He told crocodile that he would gladly give away his heart to his friend’s wife, but he forgot his heart on the tree. He asked the crocodile to swim back to bring the heart from there. The crocodile could not understand monkey’s plan he swam back up to the tree. The monkey jumped on a branch and saved himself.

Question 15.
What does the last sentence of the story suggest? What would the crocodile tell his wife?
Answer:
The last sentence of the story suggests that the crocodile had learnt a lesson. He realised that he had lost a good friend because of his wife’s stupid desire. So it seems that the crocodile would rebuke his wife for her greed.

The Monkey and the Crocodile Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
What do you learn from the lesson about friendship?
Answer:
Friendship grows among individual for their common interests and mutual respect. The bond grows if they sincerely make an effort to make it successful. However, if anyone of them betrays then his act is unforgivable, the bond is snapped. It can’t be taken any further. Monkey welcomed the crocodile to be his friend. But he was stabbed at the back. However, he managed to save his life.

Question 2.
‘The trust and faith is the foundation stone of friendship’. Justify your answer.
Answer:
The monkey was living on a tree. To avoid the loneliness of the monkey, crocodile was happily invited by him. He was offered fruits and they spent time together. But when his wife wanted to eat the monkey, the crocodile could not defy the wish of his wife. He broke the trust of his friend. However, the monkey was clever and came out of the situation.

The bond could have been saved. The fact is that crocodile could have convinced his wife and his friendship would have gone further. He could have enjoyed fruits for a longer time period. So when the crocodile lost faith and trust of his Mend, he lost his Mend forever.

Online Education for Do Does Did Exercises for Class 4 CBSE with Answers

Do, Does Did Questions And Answers PdfThis grammar section explains Online Education English Grammar in a clear and simple way. There are example sentences to show how the language is used. https://ncertmcq.com/do-does-did-exercises-for-class-4/

Online Education for Interrogatives Do Does Did Exercises for Class 4 CBSE with Answers

  • We use Do/Does/Did for forming questions.
  • It converts the assertive sentences into interrogative.
  • Do/Does/Did are helping verbs.
  • Do/Does/Did are used where i s/a m/a re/was/we re are not used as helping verbs.
  • Do/Does is used in present tense to make Present Interrogative Sentence.
  • It always comes with the base form of the main verb.
  • Did is used in past tense to make Past Interrogative Sentence. It always comes with the base form of the verb.
  • Do/Does/Did is used in the beginning of the sentence while making questions.
  • Do ¡s used with I, We, They, You, Does is used with He, She, It.
  • Did is used with I, We, They, You.

Do Does Did
Presentation
Read the picture story.
Do, Does Did Worksheet With Answers

Do Does Did Worksheet With Answers
A. Answer the following questions from the story above.

1. What did Mohit ask Rohit in the first para? __________
2. What did Mohit want to know about his English teacher? __________
3. What else did Mohit ask about the English teacher? __________

Do, Does Did Questions And Answers
B. Rewrite the following interrogative sentences into assertive sentences from the story above.

1. Do you know your English teacher?
____________________

2. Does he teach you?
____________________

3. Where does he live?
____________________

Do Does Did Exercises with Answers for Class 4 CBSE PDF

Do Does Did Worksheet
A. Circle the helping verb (do, did or does) to complete the following sentences.
Example:
/ (do)/ did / does) wash my car on the weekend, do

1. We (do/did/does) create new inventions all the time.
2. He (do/did/does) cook for a living.
3. He (do/did/does) run every morning to stay in shape.
4. My parents (do/did/does) buy me all the materials for school.
5. He (do/did/does) cut wood for a living.
6. She (do/did/does) sew during class time.
7. I (do/did/does) watch the big game on television.
8. He (do/did/does) share a lot of information with me.
9. We (do/did/does) try our best last year.
10. The zebras (do/did/does) play with each other.
11. You (do/did/does) think you would get away with it.
12. She (do/did/does) compete very hard.
13. David (do/did/does) wash his new car yesterday.
14. We (do/did/does) eat fish in the early morning.

Do Does Did Questions And Answers Pdf
B. Make questions by adding helping verbs.

1. You/speak/English →
2. when / he / go / home →
3. they / clean / the bathroom →
4. where / she / ride / her bike →
5. Billy / work / in the supermarket →

Do Does Did Worksheet For Class 4
C. Convert the following assertive sentences into interrogative.

1. Billy ate an apple.
2. The children played in the garden.
3. Laura came home at six o’clock.
4. The boy read a book.

Online Education for RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself

Online Education for RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself

These Solutions are part of Online Education RS Aggarwal Solutions Class 10. Here we have given RS Aggarwal Solutions Class 10 Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself.

Other Exercises

Objective Questions (MCQ)
Question 1.
Solution:
(a) x² – 3√x + 2 = 0
It is not a quadratic equation, it has a fractional power of √x
(b) x + \(\frac { 1 }{ x }\) = x²
⇒ x² + 1 = x3
It is not a quadratic equation.
(c) x² + \(\frac { 1 }{ { x }^{ 2 } }\) = 5
⇒ x4 + 1 + 5x²
It is not a quadratic equation.
(d) 2x² – 5x = (x – 1)²
⇒ 2x² – 5x = x² – 2x + 1
⇒ x² – 3x – 1 = 0
It is a quadratic equation. (d)

Question 2.
Solution:
(a) (x² + 1) = (2 – x)² + 3
⇒ x² + 1 = 4 + x² – 4x + 3 is not a quadratic equation.
(b) x3 – x² = (x – 1)3
⇒ x3 – x² = x3 – 3x² + 3x – 1
⇒ 3x² – x² – 3x + 1 = 0
⇒ 2x² – 3x + 1 = 0
It is a quadratic equation.
(c) 2x² + 3 = 10x – 15 + 2x² – 3x
⇒ 3x – 15 – 3 = 0
It is not a quadratic equation. (b)

Question 3.
Solution:
(a) It is a quadratic equation.
(b) (x + 2)² = 2(x² – 5)
⇒ x² + 4x + 4 = 2x² – 10
⇒ x² – 4x – 14 = 0
It is a quadratic equation.
(c) (√2 x + 3)² = 2x² + 6
⇒ 2x² + 3√2 x + 9 = 2x² + 6
⇒ 3√2 + 3 = 0
It is not a quadratic equation.
(d) (x – 1)² = 3x² + x – 2
⇒ x² – 2x +1 = 3x² + x – 2
⇒ 2x² + 3x – 3 = 0
It is a quadratic equation. (c)

Question 4.
Solution:
x = 3 is solution of 3x² + (k – 1)x + 9 = 0
It will satisfy it
3(3)² + (k – 1)(3) + 9 = 0
⇒ 27 + 3k – 3 + 9 = 0
⇒ 3k + 33 = 0
⇒ k = -11 (b)

Question 5.
Solution:
2 is one root of equation 2x² + ax + 6 = 0
It will satisfy it
2(2)² + a(2) + 6 = 0
⇒ 8 + 2a + 6 = 0
⇒ 2a = -14
⇒ a = -7
a = -7 (b)

Question 6.
Solution:
In equation x² – 6x + 2 = 0
Sum of roots = \(\frac { -b }{ a }\) = \(\frac { -(-6) }{ 1 }\) = 6 (c)

Question 7.
Solution:
In equation x² – 3x + k = 10
x² – 3x + (k – 10) = 0
Product of roots = \(\frac { c }{ a }\) = \(\frac { k – 10 }{ 1 }\) = k – 10
k – 10 = -2 then k = 10 – 2 = 8 (c)

Question 8.
Solution:
In equation 7x² – 12x + 18 = 0
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 1

Question 9.
Solution:
In equation 3x² – 10x + 3 = 0
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 2

Question 10.
Solution:
In equation 5x² + 13x + k = 0
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 3

Question 11.
Solution:
In equation kx² + 2x + 3k = 0
Sum of roots = \(\frac { -b }{ a }\) = \(\frac { -2 }{ k }\)
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 4

Question 12.
Solution:
Roots of an equation are 5, -2
Sum of roots (S) = 5 – 2 = 3
and product (P) = 5 x (-2) = -10
Equation will be
x² – (S)x + (P) = 0
⇒ x² – 3x – 10 = 0 (b)

Question 13.
Solution:
Sum of roots (S) = 6
Product of roots (P) = 6
Equation will be x² – (S)x + (P) = 0
x² – 6x + 6 = 0 (a)

Question 14.
Solution:
α and β are the roots of the equation 3x² + 8x + 2 = 0
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 5
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 6

Question 15.
Solution:
In equation ax² + bx + c = 0
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 7

Question 16.
Solution:
In equation ax² + bx + c = 0
Let α and β are the roots, then
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 8

Question 17.
Solution:
In equation 9x² + 6kx + 4 = 0, roots are equal
Let roots be α, α then
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 9

Question 18.
Solution:
In equation x² + 2 (k + 2) x + 9k = 0
Roots are equal
Let α, α be the roots, then
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 10

Question 19.
Solution:
In the equation
4x² – 3kx + 1 = 0 roots are equal
Let α, α be the roots
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 11

Question 20.
Solution:
Roots of ax² + bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0 are real and unequal if D > 0
⇒ b² – 4ac > 0 (a)

Question 21.
Solution:
In the equation ax² + bx + c = 0
D = b² – 4ac > 0, then roots are real and unequal. (b)

Question 22.
Solution:
In the equation 2x² – 6x + 7 = 0
D = b² – 4ac = (-6)² – 4 x 2 x 7 = 36 – 56 = -20 < 0
Roots are imaginary (not real) (d)

Question 23.
Solution:
In equation 2x² – 6x + 3 = 0
D = b² – 4ac = (-6)² – 4 x 2 x 3 = 36 – 24 = 12 > 0
Roots are real, unequal and irrational, (b)

Question 24.
Solution:
In equation 5x² – kx + 1 = 0
D = b² – 4ac = (-k)² – 4 x 5 x 1 = k² – 20
Roots are real and distinct
D > 0
⇒ k² – 20 > 0
⇒ k² > 20
⇒ k > √±20
⇒ k > ±2√5
⇒ k > 2√5 or k < -2√5 (d)

Question 25.
Solution:
In equation x² + 5kx + 16 = 0
D = b² – 4ac = (5k)² – 4 x 1 x 16
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 12

Question 26.
Solution:
The equation x² – kx + 1 = 0
D = b2 – 4ac = (-k)² – 4 x 1 x 1 ⇒ k² – 4
Roots are not real
D < 0
⇒ k² – 4 < 0
⇒ k² < 4
⇒k < (±2)²
⇒ k < ±2
-2 < k < 2 (c)

Question 27.
Solution:
In the equation kx² – 6x – 2 = 0
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 13

Question 28.
Solution:
Let the number be = x
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 14

Question 29.
Solution:
Perimeter of a rectangle = 82 m
and Area = 400
Let breadth (b) = x, then
Length = \(\frac { P }{ 2 }\) – x = \(\frac { 82 }{ 2 }\) – x = 41 – x
Area = lb
400 = x (41 – x) = 41x – x²
⇒ x² – 41x + 400 = 0
⇒ x² – 25x – 16x + 400 = 0
⇒ x (x – 25) – 16(x – 25) = 0
⇒ (x – 25) (x – 16) = 0
Either, x – 16 = 0, then x = 16
or x – 25 = 0, then x = 25
Breadth = 16 m (c)

Question 30.
Solution:
Let breadth of a rectangular field = x m
Then length = (x + 8) m
and area = 240 m²
x (x + 8) = 240
⇒ x² + 8x – 240 = 0
⇒ x² + 20x – 12x – 240 = 0
⇒ x (x + 20) – 12 (x + 20) = 0
⇒ (x + 20) (x – 12) = 0
Either, x + 20 = 0, then x = -20 which is not possible being negative,
or x – 12 = 0, then x = 12
Breadth = 12 m (c)

Question 31.
Solution:
2x² – x – 6 = 0
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 15

Very-Short-Answer Questions
Question 32.
Solution:
Sum of two natural numbers = 8
Let first number – x
Then second number = 8 – x
According to the condition,
x (8 – x) = 15
⇒ 8x – x² = 15
⇒ x² – 8x + 15 = 0
⇒ x² – 3x – 5x + 15 = 0
⇒ x(x – 3) – 5(x – 3) = 0
⇒ (x – 3)(x – 5) = 0
Either, x – 3 = 0, then x = 3
or x – 5 = 0, then x = 5
Natural numbers are 3, 5

Question 33.
Solution:
x = -3 is a solution of equation x² + 6x + 9 = 0 Then it will satisfy it
LHS = x² + 6x + 9 = (-3)² + 6(-3) + 9 = 9 – 18 + 9 = 0 = RHS

Question 34.
Solution:
3x² + 13x + 14 = 0
If x = -2 is its root then it will satisfy it
LHS = 3(-2)² + 13(-2) + 14 = 3 x 4 – 26 + 14 = 12 – 26 + 14 = 26 – 26 = 0 = RHS

Question 35.
Solution:
x = y is a solution of equation 3x² + 2kx – 3 = 0, then it will satisfy it
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 16
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 17

Question 36.
Solution:
2x² – x – 6 = 0
⇒ 2x² – 4x + 3x – 6 = 0
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 18

Question 37.
Solution:
3√3 x² + 10x + √3 = 0
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 19
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 20

Question 38.
Solution:
Roots of the quadratic equation 2x² + 8x + k = 0 are equal
Let α, α be its roots, then
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 21

Question 39.
Solution:
px² – 2√5 px + 15 = 0
Here, a = p, b = 2√5 p, c = 15
D = b² – 4ac = (-2√5 p)² – 4 x p x 15 = 20p² – 60p
Roots are equal.
D = 0
⇒ 20p² – 60p = 0
⇒ p² – 3p = 0
⇒ p (p – 3) = 0
p – 3 = 0, then p = 3

Question 40.
Solution:
1 is a root of equation
ay² + ay + 3 = 0 and y² + y + b = 0
Then a(1)² + a(1) + 3 = 0
⇒ a + a + 3 = 0
⇒ 2a + 3 = 0
⇒ a = \(\frac { -3 }{ 2 }\)
and 1 + 1 + b = 0
⇒ 2 + b = 0
⇒ b = -2
ab = \(\frac { -3 }{ 2 }\) x (-2) = 3
Hence, ab = 3

Question 41.
Solution:
The polynomial is x² – 4x + 1
Here, a = 1, b = -4, c = 1
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 22

Question 42.
Solution:
In the quadratic equation 3x² – 10x + k = 0
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 23

Question 43.
Solution:
The quadratic equation is
px (x – 2) + 6 = 0
⇒ px² – 2px + 6 = 0
D = b² – 4ac = (-2p)² – 4 x p x 6 = 4p² – 24p
Roots are equal
D = 0
Then 4p² – 24p = 0
⇒ 4p (p – 6) = 0
⇒ p – 6 = 0
⇒ p = 6

Question 44.
Solution:
x² – 4kx + k = 0
D = b² – 4ac = (-4k)² – 4 x 1 x k = 16k² – 4k
Roots are equal
D = 0
16k² – 4k = 0
⇒ 4k (4k – 1) = 0
⇒ 4k – 1 = 0
⇒ k = \(\frac { 1 }{ 4 }\)

Question 45.
Solution:
9x² – 3kx + k = 0
D = b² – 4ac = (-3k)² – 4 x 9 x k = 9k² – 36k
Roots are equal
D = 0
9k² – 36k = 0
9k (k – 4) = 0
Either, 9k = 0, then k = 0
or (k – 4) = 0 ⇒ k = 4
k = 0, 4

Short-Answer Questions
Question 46.
Solution:
x² – (√3 + 1) x + √3 = 0
D = b² – 4ac
= [-(√3 + 1)]² – 4 x 1 x √3
= 3 + 1 + 2√3 – 4√3
= 4 + 2√3 – 4√3
= 4 – 2√3
= 3 + 1 – 2√3
= (√3 – 1)²
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 24

Question 47.
Solution:
2x² + ax – a² = 0
D = B² – 4AC = a² – 4 x 2(-a)² = a² + 8a² = 9a²
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 25

Question 48.
Solution:
3x² + 5√5 x – 10 = 0
D = b² – 4ac = (5√5)² – 4 x 3 x (-10)
= 125 + 120 = 245 = 49 x 5 = (7√5)²
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 26
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 27

Question 49.
Solution:
√3 x² + 10x – 8√3 = 0
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 28

Question 50.
Solution:
√3 x² – 2√2 x – 2√3 = 0
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 29
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 30

Question 51.
Solution:
4√3 x² + 5x – 2√3 = 0
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 31
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 32

Question 52.
Solution:
4x² + 4bx – (a² – b²) = 0
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 33

Question 53.
Solution:
x² + 5x – (a² + a – 6) = 0
a² + a – 6 = a² + 3a – 2a – 6 = a(a + 3) – 2(a + 3) = (a + 3)(a – 2)
and 6 = (a + 3) – (a – 2)
x² + (a + 3)x – (a – 2)x – (a + 3) (a – 2) = 0
x (x + a + 3) – (a – 2) (x + a + 3) = 0
(x + a + 3)(x – a + 2) = 0
Either, x + a + 3 = 0, then x = -(a + 3)
or x – a + 2 = -0 then x = (a – 2)
x = -(a + 3) or (a – 2)

Question 54.
Solution:
x² + 6x – (a² + 2a – 8) = 0
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 34
RS Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself 35

Question 55.
Solution:
x² – 4ax + 4a² – b² = 0
4a² – b² = (2a)² – (b)² = (2a + b)(2a – b) – 4ax = (2a + b)x + (2a – b)x
x² – 4ax + 4a² – b² = x² – (2a + b)x – (2a – b)x + (2a + b)(2a – b) = 0
⇒ x (x – 2a – b) – (2a – b)(x – 2a – b) = 0
⇒ (x – 2a – b)(x – 2a + b)
Either, x – 2a – b = 0, then x = 2a + b
or x – 2a + b = 0, then x = 2a – b
Hence, x = (2a + b) or (2a – b)

Hope given RS Aggarwal Solutions Class 10 Chapter 10 Quadratic Equations Test Yourself are helpful to complete your math homework.

If you have any doubts, please comment below. Learn Insta try to provide online math tutoring for you.

Online Education HOTS Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce?

Online Education HOTS Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce?

These Solutions are part of Online Education HOTS Questions for Class 10 Science. Here we have given HOTS Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce?

Question 1.
What does the diagram depict
HOTS Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce image - 4
Answer:
Tubectomy or cutting and ligating the oviducts of a women.

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Question 2.
Identify the material shown in the diagram.
HOTS Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce image - 2
Answer:
Yeast showing budding.
A – Parent
B – bud

Question 3.
How does Bryophyllum multiply vegetatively ?
Answer:
By leaves which bear adventitious buds in their marginal notches.

Question 4.
When is menstruation absent in a lady ?
Answer:
Before menarche, after menopause and during pregnancy.

Question 5.
What is normal fertility period ?
Answer:
14th to 16th day of menstrual cycle.

Question 6.
(a) Name the parts labelled A, B, C, D and E.
HOTS Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce image - 3
(b) Where do the following functions occur l

  1. Production of an egg
  2. Fertilization
  3. Implantation of zygote.

(c) What happens to the lining of uterus ?

  1. Before release of a fertilized egg
  2. If no fertilization occurs. (C.B.S.E. Delhi 2008 C)

Answer:
(a)

  1. A-Fallopian tube
  2. B-Ovary
  3. C-Uterus
  4. D-Cervix
  5. E-Vagina

(b)

  1. Ovary
  2. Fallopian tube
  3. Uterus

(c)

  1. Repair and growth of endometrium followed by its thickening and development of glands.
  2. Breakdown of endometerial lining and rupturing of its blood vessels producing menstural flow.

Hope given HOTS Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce? are helpful to complete your science homework.

If you have any doubts, please comment below. Learn Insta try to provide online science tutoring for you.

Our Environment Class 10 Extra Questions with Answers Science Chapter 15

Our Environment Class 10 Extra Questions with Answers Science Chapter 15

In this page, we are providing Online Education for Our Environment Class 10 Extra Questions and Answers Science Chapter 15 pdf download. NCERT Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Our Environment with Answers will help to score more marks in your CBSE Board Exams. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-10-science/

Online Education for Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Extra Questions and Answers Our Environment

Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Our Environment with Answers Solutions

Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Very Short Answer Type

Our Environment Class 10 Extra Questions And Answers Question 1.
Give an example each of natural and an artificial ecosystem.
Answer:
Natural ecosystem : Forest or pond
Artificial ecosystem : Crop field or aquarium.

Extra Questions Of Our Environment Class 10 Question 2.
What is the full form of CFCs and UNEP?
Answer:
CFC = Chlorofluorocarbons
UNEP = United Nations Environment Programme.

Our Environment Extra Questions Question 3.
Define ecosystem and name its components.
Answer:
The living and non-living components of an area interact with each other to form an ecosystem. Components of ecosystem are: Biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living)

Class 10 Our Environment Extra Questions Question 4.
What is the role of ozone? Why is it being depleted?
Answer:
Ozone protects us from harmful UV radiations. It is being depleted due to excess use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).

Our Environment Class 10 Important Questions Question 5.
What is ten per cent law?
Answer:
Ten per cent law states that only 10% of the energy available at a trophic level is transferred to the next trophic level.

Our Environment Class 10 Extra Questions Question 6.
List two advantage of decomposers to the environment.  [CBSE 2008]
Answer:
Advantage of decomposers:

  1. They replenish the soil nutrients.
  2. They help to clean the environment by degrading the dead remains of plants and animals.

Chapter 15 Science Class 10 Extra Questions Question 7.
What is the ultimate source of energy in an ecosystem? Which process helps to trap this energy in producers?
Answer:
Sun is the ultimate source of energy in an ecosystem. Photosynthesis helps to trap this energy in producers.

Ch 15 Science Class 10 Extra Questions Question 8.
What is the major cause of ozone depletion? Where are these substances used?  [CBSE 2012]
Answer:
Chlorofluorocarbons are major cause of ozone depletion. They are used in refrigerator and aerosol sprays.

Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Extra Questions And Answers Question 9.
Why should biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes to be discarded in two separate dustbins?  [CBSE 2015]
Answer:
Biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste should be discarded in two separate dustbins as it will make it easier to recycle the recyclable wastes. This will also save time and energy.

Extra Questions On Our Environment Class 10 Question 10.
What will happen if we kill all the organisms in one trophic level?  [CBSE 2011]
Answer:
Killing all the organisms in one trophic level would decrease availability of food at the next trophic level and also result in excess of organisms at the previous trophic level. This would cause an imbalance in the food chain.

Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Short Answer Type I

Our Environment Class 10 Short Questions And Answers Question 1.
Arrange these organisms in a food chain Snake, Plants, Frog, Bird
Answer:
Plants → Frog → Snake → Bird

Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Extra Questions Question 2.
Draw an ecological pyramid, depicting the trophic levels.
Answer:

Our Environment Class 10 Extra Questions with Answers Science Chapter 15, 1

Extra Questions For Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Our Environment Question 3.
The first trophic level in a food chain is always a green plant. Why?  [CBSE 2015]
Answer:
Green plants contain a pigment called chlorophyll which traps the energy from the Sun and converts it into chemical energy to be utilised by the members of the next trophic level. So, the first trophic level in a food chain is always a green plant.

Extra Question Of Our Environment Class 10 Question 4.
List two environment friendly practices or habits which need to be followed by every member of a family community. Explain how these practices will support the “save the environment” mission.  [CBSE 2014]
Answer:

  1. Use of paper bags or jute bags instead of plastic bags.
  2. Segregate biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes in separate dustbins.
  3. Use fuels like CNG, unleaded petrol or other ecofriendly fuels in vehicles.
    Due to uses of environment friendly practices or habits we can save our environment.

Our Environment Extra Questions Class 10 Question 5.
Write the harmful effects of using plastic bags on the environment. Suggest alternatives to plastic bags. [CBSE 2013]
Answer:
Harmful effects of plastic bags

  • They clog the drainage system.
  • They choke the alimentary canal of cattle when they get eaten by them.
  • On burning they release toxic gases.
  • They are non-biodegradable and do not decompose easily.

Alternative to plastic bags:

  • Use of jute bags or paper bags.
  • Reusable cloth bags.

Extra Questions Of Chapter Our Environment Class 10 Question 6.
Construct an aquatic food chain showing four trophic levels.  [CBSE 2010]
Answer:
Phytoplankton → Zooplankton → Small fish → Bird.

Biology Class 10 Our Environment Extra Questions Question 7.
Why is improper disposal of waste a curse to the environment?  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
The improper disposal of wastes pollutes our environment and can cause harm to living organisms.

Class 10 Science Our Environment Extra Questions Question 8.
What are the advantages of cloth bags over plastic bags during shopping?  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
Cloth bags are better than the plastic bags because they:

  • can be used to carry many things
  • can be reused
  • are made of biodegradable materials
  • do not pollute the environment.

Our Environment Class 10 Worksheet With Answers Question 9.
Why are crop fields known as artificial ecosystems?  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
The crop fields are prepared and maintained by a man so they are man-made ecosystems. Hence, they are also called an artificial ecosystems.

Our Environment Class 10 One Mark Questions Question 10.
We do not clean ponds or lakes, but an aquarium needs to be cleaned. Why? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
A pond or a lake is a natural, self-sustaining, and complete ecosystem. But, an aquarium is an artificial and incomplete ecosystem that needs human intervention for its cleaning and upkeep.

Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Short Answer Type II

Extra Questions For Our Environment Class 10 Question 1.
Differentiate between biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances with the help of one example each. List two changes in habit that people must adapt to dispose non-biodegradable waste for saving the environment.  [CBSE 2015]
Answer:
1. Biodegradable substances: Substances that can be slowly destroyed and broken down into very small parts by natural processes by bacteria, fungi, etc. For example, organics wastes like vegetables and fruit peels.

2. Non-biodegradable substances: Substances that cannot be broken down or decomposed into the soil by natural agents are called as non-biodegradable. For example, plastic.
Habits to dispose non-biodegradable waste are:

  • Segregating and treating the non-biodegradable waste before putting in dustbins.
  • Recycle the plastics or glass present in non-biodegradable wastes.
  • Motivate people to use paper or jute bags instead of plastic bags.

Our Environment Important Questions Question 2.
Our food grains such as wheat and rice, vegetables and fruits, and even meat are found to contain varying amounts of pesticide residues. State the reason to explain how and why it happens?  [CBSE 2014]
Answer:
The harmful pesticides like DDT enter the plant body on being absorbed from the soil. When these are eaten by animals they get accumulated in the animal’s body as they are neither metabolized nor excreted out of their body. The concentration of these harmful chemicals gets increased at successive levels and are thus found in food grains as well as meat.

Our Environment Class 10 Questions And Answers Question 3.
How is ozone formed in the higher level of the atmosphere? “Damage to ozone layer is a cause of concern”. Justify this statement.  [CBSE 2010]
Answer:
Ozone is formed due to action of UV rays on oxygen molecules to form free oxygen atom which subsequently combines with another molecule of oxygen to form ozone. The reaction is:
Our Environment Class 10 Extra Questions with Answers Science Chapter 15, 2
O + O2 → O3 (Ozone)

Ozone depletion is a cause of concern because it protects us from the harmful ultraviolet radiations of the Sun by absorbing them. The UV rays can cause skin cancer, ageing, cataract, etc. to human beings if they are not absorbed by ozone due to ozone depletion.

Question 4.
Explain phenomenon of “biological magnification”. How does it affect organisms belonging to different trophic levels particularly the tertiary consumers?  [CBSE 2010]
Answer:
The levels of harmful toxicants/pesticides like DDT gets increased at successive trophic levels as they are neither metabolised nor excreted by the organism. They get accumulated in organism’s body with their higher concentrations at higher trophic levels. This is called as biological magnification.

Since, the tertiary consumers are at the top of the food chain, so a higher amount of these toxicants is present in them compared to the lower trophic levels.

Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Suggest any four activities in daily life which are eco-friendly.  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
The eco-friendly activities in life are

  • Planting of trees.
  • Segregating biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes.
  • Using cloth bags, jute bags or paper bags instead of plastic bags.
  • Creating awareness on environment protection through initiatives and campaigns.
  • Using of manures and organic agricultural methods.
  • Using less of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
  • Controlling pollution by using fuels like CNG.

Question 2.
Make food chains in (i) forest (ii) grassland (iii) pond. How does food chain differ from a food web?
Answer:
Food chains in:
(i) Forest: Plants → Deer → Lion
(ii) Grassland: Plants → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Eagle
(iii) Pond: Aquatic plants → Scorpion Fish → Flamingo

Food Chain: It is a series of organisms feeding on one another.
Food Web: It is a network of food chains consisting of a number of interlinked food chains.

Question 3.
Indicate the flow of energy in an ecosystem. Why is it unidirectional?  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
The flow of energy generally is
Sun → Producer → Herbivore → Carnivore

The flow of energy is unidirectional because it goes progressively from one trophic level (lower) to another trophic level (higher) and does not revert back.
It is impossible for energy to flow in the reverse direction as the available energy decreases in the higher trophic levels.

Question 4.
Name the wastes which are generated in your house daily. What measures would you take for their disposal? [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
The wastes generated in our house daily are:

  • Kitchen wastes
  • Paper wastes like newspapers, bags, envelopes
  • Plastic bags
  • Vegetable/fruit peels/rinds

The measures which can be taken for their disposal are:

  • Segregate the wastes as biodegradable, non-biodegradable and hazardous ones.
  • Dispose of the plastic bags and bottles in a proper way.
  • Vegetable/fruit peels can be used to make compost.
  • Paper wastes can be used for recycling.
  • Prepare a vermicompost pit for the organic wastes from the kitchen.

Question 5.
What are the by-products of fertiliser industries? How do they affect the environment?  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:
The harmful by-products of fertiliser industries are the harmful gases like SO2 and NO. They cause air pollution and combine with the water vapour in the atmosphere to cause harmful acid rain.

Question 6.
Explain some harmful effects of agricultural practices on the environment.  [NCERT Exemplar]
Answer:

  • Change in the chemistry of soil and killing of useful microbes due to excessive use of fertilisers.
  • Biological magnification occurs due to excessive use of chemical pesticides.
  • Water table gets lowered due to the excess use of ground water.
  • Soil fertility is lost due to extensive cropping.
  • The natural ecosystems is harmed due to ploughing during agriculture.

Our Environment HOTS Questions With Answers

Question 1.
“Energy flow in a food chain is unidirectional”. Justify this statement. Explain how the pesticides enter a food chain and subsequently get into our body.  [CBSE 2014]
Answer:
The flow of energy in an ecosystem occurs from a lower trophic level to the next trophic level i.e., from producers to consumers. It follows the ten percent law and thus cannot return back to producers from consumers. Hence, the flow of energy in a food chain is unidirectional.

The pesticides like DDT enter the food chain after getting absorbed by plants from the soil. Once they enter the food chain, they are neither metabolized nor excreted from the body of the organism. Its concentration increases in the successive trophic level of the food chain.

Question 2.
In a food chain, if 10000 Joules of energy is available to the producer, how much energy will be available to the secondary consumer to transfer it to the tertiary consumer? [CBSE 2012]
Answer:
(i) Energy available to producers = 10,000 Joules.
Energy transfer to producer = 1% of 10,000 Joules = 100 Joules.

(ii) According to Ten per cent law,
Energy transfer to primary consumer = \(\frac{10}{100}\) × 100 = 10 Joules.

(iii) Energy transfer to secondary consumer = \(\frac{10}{100}\) × 10 = 1 Joule

(iv) Energy transfer to tertiary consumer = \(\frac{10}{100}\) × 1 = 0.1 Joule

Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Value Based Questions

Question 1.
Rakshit observed a gardener collecting dry leaves from a garden and burning them. He went to the gardener and advised him to utilise the dry leaves for making manure instead of burning.
(a) Name the two process which can be used to make manures from the dry leaves.
(b) Why did Rakshit advise the gardener not to burn leaves?
(c) What are the values shown by Rakshit?
(d) Why are organic manure better than chemical fertilisers?
Answer:
(a) Composting and vermicomposting
(b) Burning of leaves emits smoke and harmful gases which pollute the environment.
(c) Environment friendly, concern for life, awareness, scientific attitude, logical thinking, etc.
(d) Organic manures are better than chemical fertilisers as excess use of chemical fertilisers leads to (i) loss in soil fertility (ii) increase in soil salinity.

Question 2.
The students of a school formed an Environment Club and started Campaign to Recycle waste, No cracker campaign and No-plastic campaign.
(а) What are the harmful effects of plastic waste?
(b) What are the alternatives to use of plastic bags?
(c) What are the values exhibited by the students of the school?
(d) Why is it necessary to recycle wastes?
Answer:
(a) The excess use of plastics causes the following problems:

  • It causes environmental pollution.
  • Plastic bags are non-biodegradable and can cause problems in the digestive system of animals if they eat these plastic bags.

(b) Alternatives are the use of Jute bags or paper bags.
(c) Values are: Eco-friendliness, Concern for life, Responsible, Creative thinking.
(d) To reduce the amount of garbage generated.

Question 3.
The Government of Delhi has proposed the odd-even formula for the use of cars on an alternate basis. The move is aimed at reducing the level of pollution in the city. Further, this move will also help in the conservation of fuel resources.
(a) Mention the values inherent in such a decision of the Government.
(b) What other options (any two) can be used to reduce the level of pollution in city?
(c) How can such a move help in conservation of fuel resources?
(d) How can we ensure lesser emission of pollutants from the vehicles?
Answer:
(a) Concern for environment, judicious use of energy resources, environmental health, concern and care for public health.
(b) Use of CNG as fuel, lesser use of diesel vehicles.
(c) The vehicles usually run on petrol and diesel which are non-renewable energy resources. This less use of these will help in their conservation.
(d)

  • Strict pollution control norms.
  • Better engines with higher fuel efficiency.
  • Ensuring lesser emissions of exhaust gases from vehicles.
  • Use of cleaner fuels like CNG.

Online Education NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Why Do we Fall Ill

Online Education NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Why Do we Fall Ill

These Solutions are part of Online Education NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Why Do we Fall Ill. LearnInsta.com provides you the Free PDF download of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science (Biology) Chapter 13 – Why Do We Fall ill solved by Expert Teachers as per NCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. All Chapter 13 – Why Do We Fall ill Exercise Questions with Solutions to help you to revise complete Syllabus and Score More marks.

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NCERT TEXT BOOK QUESTIONS

IN TEXT QUESTIONS

Question 1.
State any two conditions essential for good health.

  1. Complete physical fitness free from any disease.
  2. Perfect mental (and social) well being.

Answer:
State any two conditions essential for being free of disease.

  1. Non-overcrowded living conditions, safe drinking water and clean environment.
  2. Balanced diet, personal hygiene, exercise and relaxation.

Question 2.
Are the answers to the above questions same or different ? Why ?
Answer:
Different: Health is a state of perfect physical, mental, and social well being of a person while disease is a state of disease or discomfort of the body or its part.

Question 3.
List any three reasons why you would think that you are sick and ought to see a doctor. If only one of these symptoms were present, would you still go to the doctor ? Why or why not ?
Answer:

  1. Cough, cold and fever. The sickness must be due to infection which requires proper diagnosis and treatment which only doctor can do.
  2. If only one symptom is present (say cough only or cold only) even then I will prefer to get treatment from the doctor because an untreated infection can spread and cause further damage to the body.

Question 4.
In which of the following case do you think the long term effects on your health are likely to be most unpleasant ?
Answer:
(a) If you get jaundice
(b) If you get lice
(c) If you get acne.
Jaundice. It is a severe disease which also takes several days to heal. During this period bile pigments collect at several places in the body and permanently damage some of them.

Question 5.
Why are we normally advised to take bland and nourishing food when we are sick ? (CCE 2011, 2012)
Answer:
It helps in strengthening of the immune system and provides nourishment to body which is being depleted by infectious agent.

Question 6.
What are the different means by which infectious diseases are spread ?
Answer:
By air directly or as droplets, e.g., cold.
By contaminated food and water, e.g., cholera.
By fomites or articles contaminated by the patient, e.g., chicken-pox.

Question 7.
Contagious diseases simply spread by contact.
Answer:
By sexual and blood contact in case of AIDS, syphilis and some other diseases.
By vectors and carriers, e.g., malaria by female Anopheles.

Question 8.
What precautions would you take in your school to reduce incidence of infectious diseases ?
Answer:

  1. Airy and well-spaced classrooms.
  2. Advising students falling sick not to come to school. If any such student does come, the same should be provided a separate bench.
  3. Ensuring safe drinking water.
  4. Cleanliness.
  5. Protection against flies and mosquitoes.
  6. Vaccination against diseases.
  7. Regular medical examination of students.

Question 9.
What is immunisation ?
Answer:
Development of immunity or resistance against a pathogen through vaccination is called immunisation.

Question 10.
What are the immunisation programmes available at our nearest health centre in your locality ?
Which of these diseases are two major health problems in your area ?
Answer:
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Why Do we Fall Ill image - 1
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Why Do we Fall Ill image - 2

NCERT CHAPTER END EXERCISES

Question 1.
How many times did you fall ill in the last one year ? What were the illnesses ?
(a) Think of one change you could make in your habits in order to avoid any of/most of the above illnesses.
(b) Think of one change you would wish for in your surroundings in order to avoid any of/most of the above illnesses.
Answer:
I suffered last year from cough and common cold (thrice), typhoid (once), malaria (once), loose motions (thrice)
(a) Change in Habits,

  1. I should not sit along with those persons who are suffering from cough and cold,
  2. I should take care of not eating unprotected food,
  3. I should protect myself from mosquito bites.

(b) Change in Surroundings. Sanitary conditions in and around my home should be improved. The drains should be regularly cleaned and kept covered.

Question 2.
A doctor/nurse/health worker is exposed to more sick people than others in the community. Find out how she avoids getting sick herself. (CCE 2012, 2013, 2017)
Answer:
Through

  1. vaccination against most of the common diseases,
  2. use of gloves,
  3. use of different dress or coat while visiting patients, and
  4. use of disposable syringes and needles.

Question 3.
Conduct a survey in your neighbourhood to find what the three most common diseases are. Suggest three steps that could be taken by your local authorities to bring down the incidence of these diseases.
Answer:
The three most common diseases in my neighbourhood are malaria, typhoid and diarrhoea. The diseases mostly spread through unhygienic surroundings. The authorities should take care of

  1. disposal of garbage,
  2. cleaning of drains with occasional spray of insecticides
  3. covering of drains and
  4. providing clean drinking water.

Question 4.
A baby is not able to tell his/her caretakers that he/she is sick. What would help us to find out
(a) that the baby is sick
(b) what the sickness is ?
Answer:

  1. Running fever
  2. Cold and cough
  3. Excessive crying
  4. Loose motions
  5. Non-intake of proper diet.

To find the sickness, the baby is taken to a doctor. The doctor is able to diagnose the disease with the help of stethoscope, palpation (feeling with hand), above symptoms and laboratory test.

Question 5.
Under which of the following conditions is a person most likely to fall sick ?
(a) When she is recovering from malaria.
(b) When she has recovered from malaria and is taking care of someone suffering from chicken-pox ?
(c) When she is on a four day fast after recovering from malaria and is taking care of someone suffering from chicken-pox. Why ?
Answer:
(c) Four day fast will make the person weak with reduced immunity. As a result the chances of picking up chicken-pox and falling sick would be more.

Question 6.
Under which of the following conditions are you most likely to fall sick ?
(a) When you are having examinations.
(b) When you have travelled by bus and train for two days.
(c) When your friend is suffering from measles. Why ?
Answer:
(c) Measles is an infectious viral disease of young children which spreads through nasal or throat discharge (droplet method, fomite and other contacts). Visiting such a friend is likely to provide infection.

SELECTION TYPE QUESTIONS

Alternate Response Type Questions
(True/False, Right/Wrong, Yes/No)

Question 1.
Health of an individual depends on the surroundings.
Question 2.
Gainful employment has no relation to individual health.
Question 3.
On the basis of symptoms, physicians look for signs of disease.
Question 4.
High blood pressure is an infectious disease.
Question 5.
Penicillin is effective against bacteria because it inhibits their wall formation.
Question 6.
In open spaces, air borne human diseases spread rapidly.
Question 7.
AIDS spreads through sex, blood to blood contact and from mother to child.
Question 8.
Personal hygiene is basic to prevent infectious diseases.

Matching Type Questions :

Question 9.
Match the contents of the columns I and II (single matching)
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Why Do we Fall Ill image - 3

Question 10.
Match the contents of columns I, II and III (double matching)
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Why Do we Fall Ill image - 4

Question 11.
Which type of pathogen(Viral-V, Bacteria-B, Protozoan-P) cause the following discases (key or Check List Items)
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Why Do we Fall Ill image - 5

Question 12.
Match the stimulus with Appropriate Response.
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Why Do we Fall Ill image - 6

Fill in the Blanks

Question 13. ………….. medicines are difficult to make as the pathogens have very few biochemical mechanisms of their own.
Question 14. In AIDS patients even small cold can become ……………. .
Question 15. Sleeping sickness is caused by …………. a protozoan.
Question 16. The two important contributory causes of diseases are ……………. and …………… make up.
Question 17. Health is the state of well being physically, ……………. and socially.

Answers:
NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Why Do we Fall Ill image - 7

SOME TYPICAL QUESTIONS

Question 1.
Which parameters to health are difficult to measure ?
Answer:
Mental health and social well being.

Question 2.
Name the biologist who established that pathogen is a disease agent.
Answer:
Robert Koch.

Question 3.
Name the enzyme present in tears which prevents eye infections.
Answer:
Lysozyme.

Question 4.
What kills bacteria in our food in the mouth and stomach ?
Answer:
The enzyme lysozyme in saliva kills bacteria in food in our mouth, and in stomach HC1 of gastric juice kills the bacteria.

Question 5.
If a pregnant mother is suffering from AIDS, would her child get the disease via genes or placenta ?
Answer:
Placenta (Note : AIDS is not a genetic disease).

Question 6.
Why is it difficult to develop vaccines for some diseases ? (CCE 2011)
Answer:
It is difficult to develop vaccines against the diseases caused by viruses. Viruses are very specific to hosts. They have no metabolic machinery of their own. Viruses live and multiply only in the living cells. They cannot be cultured on artificial medium. It is because of these that vaccines are difficult to be prepared in such cases.

Question 7.
While going abroad, why is it essential to get vaccinated against certain diseases ?
Answer:
A person may be carrier of some disease. Such a person may take that particular disease to a foreign country. Therefore, all visitors to a foreign country are vaccinated against the disease which is not prevalent in that country.

Question 8.
Name such a vaccine which saves the life of babies from three diseases.
Answer:
D.P.T. is a vaccine which is three-in-one. Babies should be immunised within the first six weaks of birth D = Diphtheria, P= Pertussis (whooping cough), T = Tetanus.

Question 9.
Who discovered small pox vaccine ?
Answer:
Edward Jenner.

Question 10.
Define the word disease carrier.
Answer:
One who harbours germs of a disease but does not suffer from the disease is termed as carrier.

Question 11.
What are the common symptoms of infection ?
Answer:
In nearly all the infections of the human body, there is a rise in body temperature, an increased rate of heart beat, increased frequency of respiration, dry tongue, poor appetite, concentration of urine and changes in white blood cells circulating the blood.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13 Why Do We Fall ill

Hope given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13 are helpful to complete your science homework.

If you have any doubts, please comment below. Learn Insta try to provide online science tutoring for you.

An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Flamingo

Online Education for An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Flamingo

Here we are providing Online Education for An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Flamingo, Extra Questions for Class 12 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-12-english/

Online Education for An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum Extra Questions and Answers Important Questions Class 12 English Flamingo

An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

An Elementary School Classroom In A Slum Questions And Answers Question 1.
What do you think is the colour of ‘sour cream’? Why do you think the poet has used this expression to describe the classroom walls ?
Answer:
The poet says that the colour of the walls is of‘sour cream’. The poet wants to convey the idea that the children living in the slum has no happiness in their life. It has become sour and the cream colour represents paleness. The children have no vitality in their lives, thus they have become pale due to malnutrition.

An Elementary School Classroom In A Slum Extra Questions And Answers Question 2.
The walls of the classroom are decorated with the pictures of ‘Shakespeare’, ‘buildings with domes’, ‘world maps’ and beautiful valleys. How do these contrast with the world of these children ?
Answer:
The world of the children living in slum is totally different from the pictures of Shakespeare, maps beautiful valleys and big buildings. Their world is confined to the slum in which they are living. The open joyful world is accessible to them.

Elementary School Classroom In A Slum Questions Question 3.
What does the poet want for the children of the slums ? How can their lives be made to change ?
Answer:
The poet wants that the children should be taken out of their slums. Their living conditions should be changed. The poet wants that the children should be shown green fields; they should be allowed to live a free and carefree life. Without any worry, they can concentrate well on their studies.

An Elementary School Classroom In A Slum Questions And Answers Extra Question 4.
What does Stephen Spender want for the children of the school in a slum ?
Answer:
The poet wants that the children should be shown green fields; they should be allowed to live a free and carefree life. Without any worry, they can concentrate well on their studies. The poet says only those people create history who are carefree.

An Elementary School Classroom In A Slum Short Questions And Answers Question 5.
How is ‘Shakespeare wicked and the map a bad example’ for the children of the school in a slum ?
Answer:
The poet says that it will be useless to talk about Shakespeare to the children in the classroom. He even says that Shakespeare is wicked. The big map with all its places, ships and so on tempts the children to steal. These children have to spend their lives in small homes. The poet means to say that for the children their world is only the slums not the big maps.

An Elementary School Classroom In A Slum Important Questions Question 6.
Which words/phrases in the poem ‘An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum’ show that the slum children are suffering from acute malnutrition ?
Answer:
There are many words and phrases in the poem that show the slum children are suffering from malnutrition. These words and phrases are hair torn round their pallor’, ‘tall girl with her weighed-down’ head, ‘the paper seeming boy’ and ‘the stunted heir of twisted bones’.

An Elementary School Classroom In A Slum Question Answer Question 7.
How does the poet describe the classroom walls ?
Answer:
The poet explains the classroom in detail. He says that the walls of the classroom have cream colour. They smell like sour cream. They are decorated with many pictures, maps of the world and the pictures of Shakespeare.

Extra Questions Of Elementary School Classroom In A Slum Question 8.
Whom does the poet appeal to change the life of the children for better ?
Answer:
The poet appeals to the governor, inspector and the visitors to do something for the poor children. The poet wants that the children should be shown green fields; they should be allowed to live a free and carefree life. Without any worry they can concentrate well on their studies. The poet says only those people create history who are carefree.

Elementary School Classroom In A Slum Extra Questions Question 9.
How does the poet describe the walls of the classroom wall ?
Answer:
The poet says that the walls of the classroom are cream. They smell like sour cream. There is a bust of Shakespeare in the classroom. There are pictures of big church and Tyrolese valley having bell-shaped flowers. There is an open-handed map, which shows all the places of the world.

Extra Questions Of An Elementary School Classroom In A Slum Question 10.
Why does the Stephen Spender say that the pictures and maps in the elementary school classroom are not meaningful ?
Answer:
The poet says that there is a bust of Shakespeare in the classroom. There are pictures of a big church and the Tyrolese valley having bell-shaped flowers. There is an open-handed map, which shows all the places of the world. But ironically for the children living in the slum their world is not that map but only the scene that can be seen outside the window of their classroom. Therefore, the pictures and maps on the wall are meaningless.

An Elementary School Classroom In A Slum Extra Questions Question 11.
How does the world depicted on the classroom walls differ from the world of the slum children ?
Answer:
There are many pictures and maps on the walls of the classroom walls. They present a very rosy picture of the world. But ironically the lives of the children living in the slum are very gloomy. They live a very miserable life.

Question Answer Of An Elementary School Classroom In A Slum Question 12.
What message does Stephen Spender convey through the poem ‘An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum’ ?
Answer:
The message conveyed in this poem is that the children living in the slum should be given better facilities. They should be taken out of their slums. Only then they can become useful citizens.

An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
Write in brief the summary of the poem.
Answer:
The poet describes some children sitting in an elementary school. This school is situated in a slum. The children sitting here present a very miserable view. Their hair are like weeds and scattered on their pale face. Then the poet describes a tall girl. She is sitting with her head bent. There is a small and thin looking boy. His eyes are like that of a rat’s eyes. Then there is an another boy who has disease of swollen and twisted bones and joints. He has got his disease from his father.

The poet notices a young and sweet boy sitting at the back of the class. He is perhaps dreaming about the squirrel’s game. He is perhaps dreaming of having such tree-room for him¬self also. The poet says that the walls of the classroom are cream. They smell like sour cream. There is a bust of Shakespeare in the classroom. There are pictures of big church and the Tyrolese valley having bell-shaped flowers. There is an open-handed map, which shows all the places of the world. But ironically for the children living in the slum their world is not that map but only the scene that can be seen outside the window of their classroom.

The poet says that it will be useless to talk about Shakespeare to the children in the classroom. He even says that Shakespeare is wicked. The big map with all its places, ships and so on tempts the children to steal. These children have to spend their lives in small homes. Their lives are nothing but an endless night. The children have grown so weak that their bones could be seen from their skin. Many of these wear spectacles, and these spectacles have mended glass.

The poet appeals to the governor, inspector and the visitors to do something for the poor children. The poet wants that the children should be shown green fields; they should be allowed to live a free and carefree life. Without any worry they can concentrate well on their studies. The poet says only those people create history who are carefree.

Question 2.
Write the central idea of the poem in detail.
Answer:
This poem is about the children who are living in a slum. They are mostly suffering from malnutrition. In their classroom, there are many beautiful pictures. There is an open handed map and the bust of . Shakespeare. The poet wants that these children should be taken out of their slum and they should be shown green fields and be allowed to run freely. Therefore, he appeals to the officials to do some thing for the children.

The poet says that only those people can create history who can enjoy anything under the sun. Therefore, the poet wants that these children should also be provided proper facilities so that they can grow into useful citizens.

An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum Extra Questions and Answers Stanza For  Comprehension

Stanza 1

Far far from gusty waves these children’s faces.
Like rootless weeds, the hair torn round their pallor :
The tall girl with her weighed-down head.

Questions
(a) Who are these children ?
(b) Which figure of speech has been used in the first two lines ?
(c) Why is the tall girl’s head weighed-down ?
(d) What does the word ‘pallor’ mean ?
Answers
(a) These children are very poor children who live in a slum and sitting in a school classroom of the slum.
(b) The figure of speech used in the first two lines ‘simile’ A. like rootless weeds.
(c) The tall girl appears to be very sad with the condition of life. She might have many responsibilities. Therefore, her head is weighed-down.
(d) The word ‘pallor’ means the pale faces of the children due to malnutrition.

Stanza 2

At back of the dim class
One unnoted, sweet and young. His eyes live in a dream,
Of squirrel’s game, in tree room, other than this.

Questions
(a) Why is the class dim ?
(b) How is the young child different from others ?
(c) What is he doing ?
(d) What is a tree room ?
Answers
(a) The class is dim because no one takes care of its paint as a result it has become dark and dingy. Possibly, the poet here also wants to indicate the poor class of society and their dark and dim future.
(b) All the other children look gloomy. But the young child is quite different from them. He is full of bright dreams of his future.
(c) He is possibly dreaming about the squirrel’s game in the tree room.
(d) A tree room is a type of hole in the trunk of a tree where the little animals or birds make their homes.

Stanza 3

On sour cream walls, donations.  Shakespeare’s head,
Cloudless at dawn, civilized dome riding all cities.
Belled, flowery, Tyrolese valley. Open-handed map
Awarding the world its world.

Questions
(a) Name the poem and its poet.
(b) What is meant by ‘sour cream walls’ ?
(c) What donations are displayed on the walls ?
(d) Why does the poet call the map ‘open-handed’ ?
Answers
(a) The name of the poem is ‘An Elementary School Class¬room in a Slum’ and the name of the poet is Stephen Spender.
(b) Sour cream walls mean damp and faded walls of the classroom that give foul smell.
(c) There are many things donated by people are displayed
on the walls. They include pictures, map and Shakespeare’s bust. .
(d) The map has been called ‘open-handed’ because all the places of the world are shown in it and it is big.

Stanza 4

And yet, for these
Children, these windows, not this map, their world,
Where all their future’s painted with a fog,
A narrow street sealed in with a lead sky Far far from rivers,
capes, and stars of words.

Questions
(a) Who are the children referred to here ?
(b) Which is their world ?
(c) How is their life different from that of other children ?
(d) Why is the future of these children ‘painted with a fog ?
Answers
(a) The children referred to here are the children living in the slum.
(b) Their world is confined to the slum in which they are living.
(c) The other children of well-to-do families have all basic facilities of life. They are free to go anywhere. But the children living in the slum are confined to their little dark world.
(d) The future of these children is very dark. Therefore the poet calls it ‘painted with a fog’.

Stanza 5

With ships and sun and love tempting them to steal
For lives that slyly turn in their cramped holes
From fog to endless night ?

Questions
(a) Who are ‘them’ referred to in the first line ?
(b) What tempts them ?
(c) What does the poet say about ‘their’ lives ?
(d) What do you understand ‘from fog to endless night’ ?
Answers
(a) The word ‘them’ in these lines referred to the children living in the slum.
(b) The beautiful places shown in the map tempt them.
(c) The poet says that ‘their’ lives are like a life of a mouse. The children are compelled to live in very small rooms as the mice live in holes.
(d) This phrase means that the children living in the slum have a very miserable existence. They have to suffer a lot from dawn till night and would never overcome.

Stanza 6

On their slag heap, these children Wear skins peeped through by bones and spectacles of steel
With mended glass, like bottle bits on stones.
All of their time and space are foggy slum.
So blot their maps with slums as big as doom.

Questions
(a) Name the poem and the poet.
(b) Which two images are used to describe these slums ?
(c) What sort of life do these children lead ?
(d) Which figure of speech is used in the last line ?
Answers
(a) The name of the poem is ‘An Elementary School Class¬room in a Slum’. The name of the poet is Stephen Spender.
(b) The sickly bodies of the children has been compared to a slag heap. Their mended spectacles have been compared to the bottle bits on stones.
(c) These children live a very poor and miserable life.
(d) The poetic device simile is used in the last line – slums as big as doom.

Stanza 7

Unless, governor, inspector, visitor,
This map becomes their window and these windows
That shut upon their lives like catacombs,
Break O break open till they break the town.

Questions
(a) Name the poem and the poet.
Ob) What does the poet want from the governor, inspector and visitors ?
(c) What are ‘these windows’ which the poet talks of ?
(d) ‘That shut upon their lives like catacombs’. Which figure of speech has been used in this line ?
Answers
(a) The name of the poem is ‘An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum’ and the name of the poet is Stephen Spender.
(b) The poet wants that they should come and do something for the betterment of the children living in a slum.
(c) They are the classroom windows from where the children can see the narrow street of their slum.
(d) The figure of speech used here is simile