Category: CBSE Class 8

Here we are providing Online Education The Selfish Giant Extra Questions and Answers Class 8 English It So Happened, Extra Questions for Class 8 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-8-english/

You can refer to NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English It So Happened (Supplementary) Chapter 3 The Selfish Giant Question Answer to revise the concepts in the syllabus effectively and improve your chances of securing high marks in your board exams.

Online Education for The Selfish Giant Extra Questions and Answers Class 8 English It So Happened

The Selfish Giant Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

The Selfish Giant Extra Questions And Answers Question 1.
Why did the children go to the Giant’s garden?
Answer:
The children used to go to the Giant’s garden because it was a large lovely garden with soft grass with beautiful flowers and peach trees bearing fruits.

The Selfish Giant Questions And Answers Question 2.
Where do Giant go for seven years?
Answer:
The Giant went to visit his friend the Cornish ogre and stayed there for seven years.

The Selfish Giant Class 8 Extra Questions Question 3.
What did the Giant do to stop the entry of children?
Answer:
The Giant built a high wall all round it and put up a notice board. ‘Trespassers will be prosecuted’.

The Selfish Giant Question Answer Question 4.
Why did the children say ‘How happy we were there’?
Answer:
The children could not go to the garden as Giant had barred their entry. They could go to dusty roads to play so they were distressed and were missing the garden.

Selfish Giant Extra Questions Question 5.
Why spring did not enter the Giant’s garden?
Answer:
The Giant did not allow the children to play in his garden so spring did not enter there.

Selfish Giant Question Answer Question 6.
Why did the flower go back into the ground?
Answer:
Once a beautiful flower put its head out from the grass, but when it saw the notice-board it was so sorry for the children that it slipped back into the ground again and went off to sleep.

Selfish Giant Questions And Answers Question 7.
Why were the snow and the frost happy?
Answer:
The snow and the frost were happy because the spring had forgotten the garden. So they can stay all the year round.

The Selfish Giant Story Questions And Answers Question 8.
Who was roaring in the garden and why?
Answer:
North wind was invited by the snow and the frost to stay with then. It was wrapped in furs and it roared all day about the garden.

Extra Questions Of The Selfish Giant Question 9.
How did the Giant realized that spring has visited in his garden?
Answer:
One morning, the Giant heard music from outside. It was a little linnet singing outside his window. Hail and north wind had stopped. He could smell delicious perfume of flowers hit him. So he was over-joyed with the adverb of spring.

The Selfish Giant Extra Questions Question 10.
How did the children enter into the garden?
Answer:
The children crept in through a little hole in the wall.

Question Answer Of The Selfish Giant Question 11.
‘It was a lovely scene’. How?
Answer:
The Giant was desperately waiting for the spring. The smile of the children brought it. The trees were so glad and were gently waving above the children’s head.

Question 12.
‘The Giant’s heart melted’. How did he become a changed person?
Answer:
Once the Giant looked out and found that children were playing in his garden. By then, he realized that the wall he mounted had stopped the entry of children thus stopped the entry of spring. So he broke the wall and allowed the children to play.

Question 13.
Why did the Giant say that the ‘children are the most beautiful flowers of all’?
Answer:
The Giant had a garden. The children play around him. He liked their games and liveliness. He wanted to be in their company. Although there were beautiful flowers in his garden yet he loved the children playing because of their vivid colour and enthusiasm towards life.

Question 14.
How did the Giant react to the child?
Answer:
The Giant was infused with energy seeing the child again in his garden. He ran downstairs in great joy and hastened across the grass.

Question 15.
Why was the Giant angry?
Answer:
The Giant was waiting desperately to meet the child for many years and when he returned he madly rushed to meet him. But when he saw the marks of nails on the palms and feet, he grew angry.

The Selfish Giant Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
‘The good always win over evil’. Describe in your words by using hurts from the lesson.
Answer:
The Giant was selfish. He does not allow children to play in his garden. His garden was full of snow, Hail and north wind. Until the children entered into his garden, spring did not visit his garden. Once the children entered, the trees were full of flowers and fruits, the grass was green. The episode evoked essential humanity in him. He enjoyed watching the children playing till he grew old. He was affected when he saw the hurt hands of the child. Thus evil in the Giant was replaced by his essential goodness.

Question 2.
‘Service for welfare of other should be the aim of human deeds’. Elaborate.
Answer:
‘Humanity is the service of others’. Owing things is the basic human instinct. Accumulation of wealth and resources make one greedy. The Giant was selfish and blocked the entry of the children. But nature punished him. No spring refreshed his garden. When he realized his mistake, he showed generosity towards children and earned their love. Owning things is humane but sharing is divine. When the Giant learnt coexistence, he became contented and lead exemplary life for others.

Question 3.
Why is the Giant called Selfish?
Answer:
The Giant is called Selfish because he did not allow children to play in the garden. He built high walls around the garden. He also put up notice board with a warning on it.

Question 4.
On one occasion the children said: “How happy we are here!”
Later they said: “How happy we were there!” That are they referring to in both the cases?
Answer:
In the first case the children were referring to their joy when they were playing in the Giant’s garden. ,. When the Giant returned after a long gap, he shooed away all the children and erected a wall around his garden. Now children had no place to play. So, they were fondly remembering their old happy days.

Question 5.
(i) When spring came, it was still winter in the garden. What does winter stand for or indicate here?
(ii) Winter has been presented like a stay with its own characters and their activities. Describes the story in your own words.
Answer:
(i) Winter indicates that flowers did not bloom in the Giant’s garden. The birds did not sing. There was no sign of joy and greenery.
(ii) Winter has been portrayed as destroyer. It has its own characters. Snow and frost are the most prominent factors. Trees have been covered with a white cloak. The trees look lifeless. North wind has come to stay there permanently. Hails settle on the roof.

Question 6.
Was the Giant happy or sad over the state of the garden?
Answer:
The Giant was wondering for the no show by the spring. He was felling sad for the winter in perpetuity. Now he was craving for a pleasant weather.

Question 7.
What effect did the linnet’s song have over Hail and the north wind? . ‘
Answer:
When the linnet song, the Hail stopped dancing over his head, and the north wind stopped roaring.

Question 8.
(i) The Giant saw a most wonderful sight. What did he see?
(ii) What did he realise on seeing it?
Answer:
(i) The-Giant saw that the children had entered the garden through a small hole in the wall, and were sitting on the branches of trees. There was a child on every tree. The trees had covered themselves with blossoms as they were glad to have the children back. The birds were flying about and twittering in delight, and the flowers and grass were laughing out loud.
(ii) He realised that spring did not come to his garden because he had prevented the children from playing in his garden. He realised that he was selfish not to allow the children to play in his garden.

Question 9.
Why was it still winters in one corner of the garden?
Answer:
The isolated corner was to remind the Giant that he also needed to take some steps to keep the gloominess away. The presence of symbols of winter in that corner is to symbolize the past deeds of the Giant which led to over all unhappiness in the garden.

Question 10.
Describe the first meeting of the little boy and the Giant.
Answer:
In the first meeting of the boy and the Giant, the Giant lifted him gently and put him in the branch of that tree. The tree suddenly broke into flowers and the birds began to sing. The child kissed the Giant.

Question 11.
Describe their second meeting after a long interval.
Answer:
When the little boy appeared after a long gap the Giant ran to meet him and to ask his whereabouts on seeing injury marks on little boys hands the Giant became restless. On the assurance of little boy that they were not injury marks but marks of love. The Giant could be pacified.

Question 12.
The Giant lay dead, all covered with white blossoms. What does this sentence indicate about the once,selfish Giant?
Answer:
The sentence ‘Giant lay dead, all covered with white blossoms’ indicates that the Giant had been blessed the paradise after his death. The Giant is no longer selfish and cruel. That’s why he is covered with white blossoms. White colour is a symbol of peace.

Question 13.
The little child’s hands and feet had marks of nails. Who does the child remind you of? Give a reason for your answer.
Answer:
The child reminds one of Jesus Christ. When the Giant met the little child for the second time, he saw imprints of nails were dug on his palms and feet. He had sacrificed his life for humanity. So that the sins of the world would be washed away. That is why the child told the Giant that those were the wounds of love.

Question 14.
Is there something like this garden near the place where when you live? Would you like one (without the Giant perhaps) and why? What would you do to keep it in good shape?
Answer:
A park is a public place. It is like the lungs in human body. It gives us fresh air. The greenery is soothing to the eyes. A public garden, however has to be used by the people with care and caution. The children must not spoil the flower beds and the grassy lawns even in a public park. I would never play football in a park nor let other children do so. ;

Here we are providing Online Education for Class 8 History Chapter 7 Extra Questions and Answers Weavers, Iron Smelters and Factory Owners was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/class-8-history-chapter-7-extra-questions/

Online Education for Weavers, Iron Smelters and Factory Owners Class 8 Extra Questions History Chapter 7

Question 1.
What was the cultural mission of the British in India?
Answer:
They wanted to civilise the natives by changing their customs and values.

Question 2.
Who set up Asiatic Society of Bengal?
Or
Who started a journal called Asiatic Researchers?
Answer:

• William Jones;
• Henry Thomas Colebrooke; and
• Nathaniel Halhed.

Question 3.
When was English Education Act introduced?
Answer:
In 1835.

Question 4.
What were seen as “temples of darkness” after the English Education Act of 1835?
Answer:
Oriental institutions like the Calcutta Madrasa and Benaras Sanskrit College.

Question 5.
Where was the missionaries set up a mission?
Answer:
The missionaries set up a mission at Serampore in an area under the control of the Danish East India Company.

Question 6.
Who reported the East India Company on the progress of education in Vernacular schools in 1830s?
Answer:
William Adam, a Scottish missionary.

Question 7.
Who was William Jones?
Answer:
William Jones was a junior judge at the Supreme Court that the company had set up. In addition to being an expert in law, he was a linguist.

Question 8.
What do you mean by “Wood’s Despatch”?
Answer:
In 1854, the Court of Directors of the East India Company in London sent an educational despatch to the Governor-General in India. Since the Despatch was issued by Charles Wood, it was called Wood’s Despatch.

Question 9.
Why was the argument for practical education criticised by the Christian missionaries in India in the nineteenth century?
Answer:
The missionaries felt that education should attempt to improve the moral character of the people and morality could be improved only through Christian education.

Question 10.
Why was the East India Company opposed to missionary activities in India until 1813?
Answer:
It feared that missionary activities would provoke reaction amongst the local population and make them suspicious of British presence in India.

Question 11.
Why was the British government reluctant to directly support missionary education after 1857?
Answer:
There was a feeling that any strong attack on local customs, practices, beliefs and religious ideas might enrage native opinion.

Question 12.
What were the motives of the British in India?
Answer:

• The British wanted to control over revenues.
• They wanted territorial conquest.
• As a cultural mission, they wanted to civilise the natives.
• They wanted to change natives’ customs and values.

Question 13.
How, according to the company officials, could the British win a place in the hearts of the natives?
Answer:

• Many company officials argued that the British ought to promote Indian rather than Western Learning Institutions should be set up to encourage the study of ancient Indian texts and teach Sanskrit and Persian.
• Hindus and Muslims ought to be taught what they were already familiar with and what they valued and treasured.

Question 14.
When and why did the British set up a madrasa in Calcutta and Hindu college in Benaras?
Answer:

• A madrasa was set up in Calcutta in 1781 to promote the study of Arabia, Persian and Islamic law.
• Hindu college was established in Benaras in 1791 to encourage the study of ancient Sanskrit texts that would be useful for the administration of the country.

Question 15.
Why did many British officials begin to criticise the Orientalist vision of learning?
Answer:

• They said that knowledge of the East was full of errors and unscientific thought.
• Eastern literature was non-serious and light-hearted. So, they argued that it was wrong on the part of the British to spend so much effort in encouraging the study of Arabic and Sanskrit language and literature.

Question 16.
How, according to Macaulay, could teaching of English be a way of civilising people?
Answer:

• He felt that knowledge of English would allow Indians to read some of the finest literature the world had produced.
• It would make them aware of the developments in western science and philosophy.

Question 17.
How were children taught in pre-British times?
Answer:

• There were small institutions called pathshalas with not more than 20 students each.
• These institutions were set up by wealthy people or the local community. At times they were started by a guru (teacher).

Question 18.
How was the flexible education system in pre-British times suitable for local needs?
Answer:

• Classes were not held during harvest time when rural children often worked in the fields.
• The pathshalas started once again when the crops had been cut and stored. So even children of peasant families could study.

Question 19.
State the main features of Wood’s Despatch in 1854.
Answer:

• It emphasised the practical benefits of a system of European learning as opposed to oriental knowledge.
• It said that European learning would enable Indians to recognise the advantages that flow from the expansion of trade and commerce.
• European ways of life would change their tastes and desires and create a demand for British goods for Indians.
• European learning would improve the moral character of Indians.
• The literature of the East was not only full of grave errors, it could not instil in people a sense of duty and a commitment to work.

Question 20.
What was the impact of Wood’s Despatch on education system of India?
Answer:

• Education departments of the government were set up to extend control over all matters regarding education.
• Steps were taken to establish a system of university education.
• In 1857, in spite of Sepoys Revolt, universities were being established in Calcutta, Madras and Bombay.
• Attempts were also made to bring about changes within the system of school education.

Question 21.
State main features of school education in pre-British times.
Answer:

• There were small institutions, called pathshalas with not more than 20 students each.
• These institutions were set up by wealthy people or the local community. At that times they were started by a guru.
• The system of education were flexible. There was no fixed fee, no printed books, no separate school building, no benches or chairs or blackboards, no annual examinations and no regular timetable.
• Fee depended on the income of parents.
• Teaching was oral and guru decided what to teach.
• The guru interacted separately with groups of children with different levels of leaming.

Question 22.
Explain any five points raised by William Adam in his report about the functioning of ‘Pathshalas in India.
Answer:

• There were small institutions, called pathshalas with not more than 20 students each.
• These institutions were set up by wealthy people or the local community. At that time they were started by a guru.
• The system of education were flexible. There was no fixed fee, no printed book, no separate school building, no benches or chairs or blackboards, no annual examinations and no regular timetable.
• Fee depended on the income of parents.
• Teaching was oral and guru decided what to teach.
• The guru interacted separately with groups of children with different levels of learning.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. What is not true about William Jones? He was.
(а) a German linguist.
(b) appointed a junior judge at the Supreme Court (at Calcutta).
(c) an expert in law.
(d) known to have studied many languages.
Answer:
(а) a German linguist.

2. What is not true in the following?
(a) Orientalists – Those having scholarly knowledge of Asia’s language and culture.
(6) Munshi – One who can read, write and teach Persian.
(c) Madarsa – A Persian word for a place of learning.
(d) Vernacular – A term generally used to refer to a local language or dialect of everyday use.
Answer:
(c) Madarsa – A Persian word for a place of learning.

3. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(а) Together with other Englishmen, William Jones set up the Asiatic Society of Bengal in Calcutta.
(b) The Hindu College was set up in Calcutta in 1791 to encourage the study of ancient Sanskrit text.
(c) TB Macaulay, a critic of the Orientalists, saw India as an uncivilised country that needed to be civilised.
(d) Following Macaulay’s minute, the English Education Act of 1835 was introduced.
Answer:
(b) The Hindu College was set up in Calcutta in 1791 to encourage the study of ancient Sanskrit text.

4. Following the 1854 Wood’s Despatch, several measures excluding one in the following, were introduced by the British in India.
(a) Education departments of government were set up in different institutions.
(b) Steps were taken to establish a system of university education.
(c) In 1857, universities were set up in Calcutta, Madras and Bombay.
(d) Attempts were made to change the system of school education completely.
Answer:
(c) In 1857, universities were set up in Calcutta, Madras and Bombay.

5. What is not true about Rabindranath Tagore in the description given below?
(a) As a child, Tagore hated going to school.
(b) The school appeared like a prison, for he could never do what he felt like doing.
(c) The experience of his school days in Calcutta shaped Tagore’s ideas of education.
(d) He was highly critical of Western Civilisation and its worship of machines and technology.
Answer:
(d) He was highly critical of Western Civilisation and its worship of machines and technology.

Glossary:

→ Linguist – Someone who knows and studies several languages.

→ Madrasa – An Arabic word for a place of learning; any type of school or college.

→ Orientalist – Those with a scholarly knowledge of the language and culture of Asia.

→ Munslsi – A person who can read, write and teach Persian. A term generally used to refer to a local language or dialect as distinct from what is seen as the standard language.

→ English – The language of the imperial masters (Britishers).

Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science

Here we are providing Online Education Class 8 History Chapter 3 Extra Questions and Answers Ruling the Countryside was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/class-8-history-chapter-3-extra-questions/

Online Education for Ruling the Countryside Class 8 Extra Questions History Chapter 3

Question 1.
When did the Mughal Emperor appoint the East India Company as the Diwani of Bengal?
Answer:
On 12 August 1765.

Question 2.
After the Company got the Diwani, why did artisans begin deserting villages?
Answer:
This was because they were forced to sell their goods to the Company at lower prices.

Question 3.
When was a terrible famine observed in Bengal?
Answer:
In 1770.

Question 4.
When and where was the Permanent Settlement introduced?
Answer:
Permanent Settlement was mainly introduced in the province of Bengal in 1793.

Question 5.
Who introduced Permanent Settlement?
Answer:
Charles Cornwallis.

Question 6.
Who were authorised to collect rent from the peasants under Permanent Settlement?
Answer:
Rajas and taluqdars.

Question 7.
What was the benefit of Permanent Settlement to the Company?
Answer:
It ensured a regular flow of revenue to the Company.

Question 8.
Which revenue system was introduced in the North-Western province of Bengal Presidency?
Answer:
The mahalwari settlement.

Question 9.
Who introduced mahalwari settlement?
Answer:
Holt Mackenzie.

Question 10.
In which area was the ryotwari system introduced?
Answer:
In the Southern India.

Question 11.
Who introduced the ryotwari system?
Answer:
Thomas Munro.

Question 12.
Name few crops and related areas which the British forced people to grow?
Answer:

• Jute – in Bengal
• Tea- in Assam
• Sugarcane – in the United Province
• Wheat – in Punjab
• Cotton – in Maharashtra and Punjab
• Rice – in Madras.

Question 13.
Where was the Kalamkari print created?
Answer:
Kalamkari print was produced by the weavers in Andhra Pradesh.

Question 14.
In which climate do the indigo plants grow?
Answer:
In tropical climate.

Question 15.
Which other plant was used in the place of indigo in Europe?
Answer:
Woad.

Question 16.
In which climate was woad grown?
Answer:
In temperate climate.

Question 17.
Name few areas where woad plants were grown?
Answer:
Northern Italy, Southern France and in parts of Germany and Britain.

Question 18.
Which type of dyes were made from woad plants?
Answer:
Woad plants were used to make blue and yellow dyes.

Question 19.
Why did dyers prefer indigo?
Answer:
Because indigo produced a rich blue colour, whereas the dye from woad was pale and dull.

Question 20.
Where did the French begin cultivating indigo?
Answer:
In St. Domingue in the Caribbean island.

Question 21.
Where was indigo cultivation initiated in India?
Answer:
In Bengal province.

Question 22.
What were the two main systems of indigo cultivation?
Answer:
NIJ and ryoti.

Question 23.
What was the impact of indigo cultivation on the soil?
Answer:
Indigo plants had deep roots and it exhausted the soil. After indigo harvest, the land could not be sown with rice.

Question 24.
When did indigo ryots occur in Bengal?
Answer:
In 1859.

Question 25.
Who supported indigo ryots?
Answer:
Indigo peasants, local zamindars and village headmen.

Question 26.
Why was the Indigo Commission appointed?
Answer:
The Indigo Commission was appointed to enquire into the system of indigo production.

Question 27.
What was the report of Indigo Commission?
Answer:
The Indigo Commission held the planters guilty and criticised them for the coercive methods they used with indigo cultivators.

Question 28.
After indigo revolt in Bengal, to which area was indigo cultivation shifted?
Answer:
Indigo cultivation was shifted to Bihar.

Question 29.
How Diwani of Bengal was seen by the British?
Answer:

• As Diwan, the Company became the chief financial administrator of the territory under its control.
• Now the Company had to think of administering the land and organising its revenue resources.
• It had to ensure that it could buy the products it needed and sell what it wanted.

Question 30.
Name two problems created by the Permanent Settlement.
Answer:

1. Zamindars were now not interested in the improvement of land.
2. The revenue was very high. So many zamindars were unable to pay this revenue. Thus, their zamindaris were sold off.

Question 31.
Why were the zamindars not interested in improving land?
Answer:

• They saw the possibility of earning without trouble and risk of investment.
• They were giving land on rent to tenants, so they did not need to improve it.

Question 32.
Why did Munro choose ryotwari system for South India?
Answer:

• In South India, there was no’ tradition of zamindars.
• The ryots (cultivators) tilled the land for generations. So, Munro decided have contracts directly with the ryots. Hence, the ryotwari system was introduced.

Question 33.
What were the results of the new revenue systems?
Answer:
Peasants were unable to pay revenue, ryots fled the countryside, and villages became deserted in many regions. These all was due to over-optimistic imagination of revenue collection by the officials.

Question 34.
Why did the demand of indigo increase by the end of the eighteenth century?
Answer:

• This was because by this time Britain began to industrialise.
• In Britain, cotton production expanded dramatically.
• This created an enormous new demand for cloth dyes. That was why the demand of indigo increased by the end of the eighteenth century.

Question 35.
What do you mean by NIJ system of indigo cultivation?
Answer:

• In this system, the planters produced indigo on lands that they directly controlled.
• The planters either bought the land or rented it from other zamindars and produced indigo by directly employing hired labourers.

Question 36.
Why were the planters reluctant to expand area under NIJ cultivation till the late nineteenth century?
Answer:

• The large area required for indigo cultivation was not available.
• They attempted to lease in the land near the factory. The eviction of peasants in these fields often led to conflicts.
• The time of rice cultivation matched with that of the indigo. So, labours were not available in plenty.
• Nij cultivation on large scale also required many ploughs and bullocks i.e., huge investment.

Question 37.
Comment on the reports of the Indigo Commission.
Answer:

• The Commission held the planters guilty of oppressive methods used against the cultivators.
• It declared that indigo production was not profitable for ryots.
• It asked the ryots to fulfil their existing contracts but refuse to grow indigo in future.

Question 38.
Give a brief description of the Mahalwari System.
Answer:

• The revenue of all the plots of the village was calculated and added of the mahal.
• The demand of revenue was to be reversed periodically.
• The responsibility of collecting revenue was given to the village headman.

Question 39.
Discuss the mahalwari system introduced in the North-West provinces of the Bengal.
Answer:

• In this system, village was taken as a revenue unit.
• In this system, land was inspected, fields were measured, rights and customs of different groups were noted and then revenue of all the plots of the village was calculated and added so as to estimate the revenue of the mahal.
• The demand of the revenue was to be revised periodically.
• The responsibility of collecting revenue was given to the village headmen.

Question 40.
Discuss how the British people looked indigo cultivation as an opportunity.
Answer:

• With a remarkable growth in indigo trade, commercial agents and officials of the Company began investing in indigo production.
• Many officials resigned from the Company job and looked after their indigo business. –
• Those who had no money to produce indigo could get loans from the Company and the banks.

Question 41.
Explain the reaction of the ryots during the indigo revolt of Bengal.
Answer:

• The ryots refused to pay rents to the planters.
• They attacked indigo factories armed with locally available weapons.
• They boycotted those who worked for the planters.
• The gomasthas were beaten up.
• They swore they would no longer take advances to sow indigo.
• They decided not to be bullied by the lathiyals of the planters.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. Which of the following statements is not correct?
(a) As Diwan of Bengal, the Company became the chief financial administrator of the territory under its control.
(b) Before 1865, the Company had purchased goods in India by importing gold and silver from Britain.
(c) In 1770, a terrible cholera epidemic killed ten million people in Bengal.
(d) The Permanent Settlement was introduced in 1793.
Answer:
(c) In 1770, a terrible cholera epidemic killed ten million people in Bengal.

2. What is not true about the terms of Permanent Settlëment in the following?
(a) The rajas and taluqdars were recognised as zamindars.
(b) The zamindars were asked to collect rent from the peasants.
(c) They had to pay revenue to the Company.
(d) The amount the zamindars had to pay was not fixed permanently.
Answer:
(d) The amount the zamindars had to pay was not fixed permanently.

3. The system of revenue introduced in the British territories in the south was known as
(a) Ryotwar or Ryotwari system.
(b) Permanent Settlement.
(c) Mahaiwari settlement.
(d) None of these.
Answer:
(a) Ryotwar or Ryotwari system.

4. Tick the correct pair in the following.
(a) Lord Cornwallis – Ryotwari system
(b) Thomas Munro – Permanent Settlement
(c) Mahal – village
(d) Holt Mackenzie – Mahalwari settlement.
Answer:
(d) Holt Mackenzie – Mahalwari settlement.

5. The Champaran movement started by Gandhiji was against the …………………. planters.
(a) tea
(b) indigo
(c) sugarcane
(d) coffee
Answer:
(b) indigo

Glossary:

→ Mahal – In British revenue records Mahal is a revenue estate which may be a village or a group of villages.

→ Plantation – A large farm operated by a planter employing various forms of forced labour. Plantations are associated with the production of coffee, sugarcane, tobacco, tea and cotton.

→ Slave – A person who is owned by someone else – the slave owner. A slave has no freedom and is compelled to work for the master.

→ Bigha – A unit of measurement of land. Before British rule, the size of this area varied. In Bengal, the British standardised it to about one-third of an acre.

→ Vat – A fermenting or storage vessel.

Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science

Here we are providing Online Education Princess September Extra Questions and Answers Class 8 English It So Happened, Extra Questions for Class 8 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-8-english/

You can refer to NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English It So Happened (Supplementary) Chapter 5 Princess September Question Answer to revise the concepts in the syllabus effectively and improve your chances of securing high marks in your board exams.

Online Education for Princess September Extra Questions and Answers Class 8 English It So Happened

Princess September Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

Princess September Extra Question Answer Class 8 Question 1.
What was the gift given to the princess by the king?
Answer:
The king gave away the green parrots in a golden cage.

Princess September Extra Questions Class 8 Question 2.
What happened to the parrot of Princess September?
Answer:
The parrot of Princess September was lying dead at the botton of its golden cage.

Extra Questions Of Princess September Class 8 Question 3.
What did the Maids of Honour do to comfort the princess?
Answer:
The princess was burst into tears at the loss of the parrot. Maids of honour tried to comfort her. Later they informed the queen.

Princess September Class 8 Extra Question Answer Class 8 Question 4.
What was the reaction of the Queen?
Answer:
The queen did not go to comfort the princess. On the contrary, she called it nonsense and ignored it.

Extra Questions On Princess September Class 8 Question 5.
What made September wipe her tears?
Answer:
Princess September was crying over the death of her parrot. Then entered a little bird hopping into her room. He sang a beautiful song for her and that made her wipe her tears.

Question 6.
What did the king like and dislike about parrots?
Answer:
The king liked that parrot speaking ‘God save the king’ and disliked listening when parrots say ‘Pretty Polly’.

Question 7.
What was not liked by the king about the councilors?
Answer:
The king said that they say same thing in seven different ways. He said that they say pleasing words with having genuine feelings.

Question 8.
What did the eight princesses conspire about?
Answer:
The eight princesses were jealous of September and her bird. The king appreciated the song of the fe parrot. They felt little before the princesses because their parrots could utter only a few words and those were too taught by them only.

Question 9.
What was the offer of the eight princesses?
Answer:
The eight princesses offered that they would put their pocket money and buy her a lovely green and yellow parrot.

Question 10.
How did September react to their offer?
Answer:
September thanked them all and said that she had a better bird.

Question 11.
What was the idea that the eight sisters try to put into September’s mind?
Answer:
The eight princesses were jealous, September roamed about with her bird in the palace. They wanted her to put her bird into the cage.

Question 12.
Why did September act upon the advice of her sisters?
Answer:
Princess September let her bird visit his relative. Her sisters poisoned her mind by saying that the bird won’t return back to her. So she should cage him once he is back. The advice of her sisters made her insecure and she put the bird into the cage.

Question 13.
What thoughts had haunt the mind of the princess when the bird took too long to return?
Answer:
The princess thought that something might have happened to him. He might be in trouble because of hawks with snares or he might have forgotten her.

Question 14.
What was the reason behind delay in arrival of the bird?
Answer:
The bird answered that his father in law wanted him to stay for a party.

Question 15.
Why did the bird say ‘What is the joke’?
Answer:
The bird said so because September caged the bird whereas he preferred freedom.

Question 16.
Why couldn’t the bird sing that day?
Answer:
The bird couldn’t sing because it was caged against his wishes.

Question 17.
What inspire the bird to sing?
Answer:
The bird get his inspiration from trees, the lake and the green rice growing in the fields.

Question 18.
Why was it difficult to put the happiness of someone you love before your own’?
Answer:
When we love a thing or person, we want to own it. We look to keep it with. We don’t want to let it go. When our happiness comes in between the relation and the bond, then only we reconsider our approach. September wanted to keep the bird with her and thus caged it. She was almost on the verge of loosing him. Then she set her free although that made her sad. But happiness increases when we share it with open arms.

Question 19.
How many daughters did the royal couple have?
Answer:
The royal couple had nine daughters.

Question 20.
Why were they named after the months of the years?
Answer:
They were named after the months of the year because the queen could not recall their names easily.

Question 21.
The king had a peculiar habit. What was it? Why is it called Peculiar?
Answer:
The king’s peculiar habit was that instead of receiving gifts on his birthday. He gave them. It is called Peculiar because usually. People receive gifts on their birthdays.

Princess September Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
To earn respect you must give respect. How has September valued her relationship with the bird?
Answer:
September was caring and loving towards her pets. She took care of emotions of the bird. Although she was influenced by her sisters but later she realized the value of life and freedom. It is necessary to give freedom to the loved ones. Care and attention is what one desire in a relationship. The one who showers love, get manifold in return, as does the princess. She was beautiful from inside and got married to a prince whereas her own sisters were jealous by nature and they had to suffer.

Question 2.
Nature offer bounties to everyone. How has its affected the bird?
Answer:
The bird sings beautiful songs for the princess. He sang song inspired by beautiful things, of nature. Once he was stopped from moving about as he cages by the princess, he couldn’t sing. He became so quiet and laid down as if he was dead. The princess realized her mistake and set him free. She took the right decision and could prolong the bliss of listening to wonderful music. Thus nature offer its gifts to everyone.

Question 3.
(i) What was Princess September’s reaction to the loss of her parrot?
(ii) What was her mother’s reaction to it?
(iii) What do the reactions indicate about the nature and temperament of each?
Answer:
(i) Princess September burst into a flood of tears at the loss of her parrot. She kept crying and nothing comforted her.
(ii) Her mother declared it as nonsense, and said that she should go to bed without any supper.
(iii) The Princess reaction indicates that she was a young, sensitive child. That is why she cried over the loss of her parrot. It was a very important thing for her. The loss of her parrot filled her with grief. Her mothers reactions indicates that she was little harsh. She did not understand her daughter’s grief and consoled her. She did not think that the dying of the parrot was in any way a significant incident to shed tears.

Question 5.
What pulled the princess out of her gloom?
Answer:
The coming of a little bird into her room comforted Princess September. She was so enchanted that she forgot about her loss.

Question 6.
How did the maids of honour come to know that the Princess and the bird had become intimate friends?
Answer:
When the maids of honour brought in the Princess’ breakfast, the bird eat rice out of her hand, and . have its bath in her saucer. This showed them that Princess and the bird had become intimate friends.

Question 7.
‘The new bird was full of new songs but the old parrots always repeated themselves’. What did they say?
Answer:
All the old parrots could say ‘God save the king” and some of them could even say ‘Pretty Polly’ in seven languages.

Question 8.
What is the king’s opinion about his councillors? Why did he form that opinion?
Answer:
The king believed that his councillors were same like the parrots. They could say that same thing in seven different ways but it made no sense. This was similar to the way the parrots kept repeating ‘Pretty Polly’ in seven different languages.

Question 9.
(i) The eight Princess made an offer to princess September. What was it?
(ii) Why, in your view, did they do it?
Answer:
(i) They offered their pocket money to Princess September to buy another parrot.
(ii) They did that because they felt jealous of the song and its friendship with Princess September.

Question 10.
What did the sisters advise the Princess to do about her bird?
Answer:
The sister advised the Princess to keep her bird in a cage so that she could be sure of having it all the time.

Check the below Online Education NCERT MCQ Questions for Synthetic Fibres and Plastics Class 8 Extra Questions and Answers Science Chapter 3 Pdf free download. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-8-science/

Online Education for Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Extra Questions and Answers Synthetic Fibres and Plastics

Synthetic Fibres And Plastics Class 8 Questions Answers Question 1.
Name a synthetic fibre which is used in making cheap and durable woollen clothes.
Answer:
Acrylic.

Synthetic Fibres And Plastics Class 8 Question 2.
Give one-word answer for the following :
Plastic which gets deformed easily on heating and can be easily bent.
Answer:
Thermoplastic.

Synthetic Fibres And Plastics Class 8 Questions Answers Pdf Question 3.
Complete the sentence: Rayon is not a synthetic fibre because
Answer:
it is obtained from a natural source.

Class 8 Synthetic Fibres And Plastics Question 4.
When was nylon made?
Answer:
Nylon, a man-made fibre, was made in 1931.

Extra Questions For Class 8 Science With Answers Question 5.
Which one is stronger: a nylon wire or a steel wire?
Answer:
Nylon wire.

Synthetic Fibres Class 8 Question 6.
What is the disadvantage of synthetic fibre?
Answer:
The synthetic fabric melts on heating, which is a disadvantage of this fabric.

Synthetic Fibres And Plastics Question 7.
From which material, all synthetic fibres are prepared?
Answer:
Synthetic fibres are prepared from petrochemicals.

Cbse Class 8 Synthetic Fibres And Plastics Question 8.
What are manufactured from thermoplastics?
Answer:
Toys, combs, car grills and various types of containers are manufactured from thermoplastics.

Plastic And Environment Class 8 Question 9.
What are the characteristics of plastic due to which it is used to manufacture variety of articles?
Answer:

• They have lightweight,
• lower price,
• good strength, and
• are easy to handle.

Ncert Science Book Class 8 Extra Questions With Answers Question 10.
Why is plastic covering used in electric wires?
Answer:
It is because plastic is a poor conductor of electricity.

Learn Insta Class 8 Science Extra Questions Question 11.
Why are handles of frying pans, cookers are made of plastic material?
Answer:
It is so because plastic material is poor conductor of heat.

Fibres And Plastics Class 8 Question 12.
Why is plastic not environment friendly?
Answer:
Since plastic takes several years to decompose, it is not environment friendly.

Synthetic Fibres And Plastics Questions Question 13.
Explain, why the handles of cooking utensils, electric plugs, switches or plugboards are made of thermosetting plastics?
Answer:
The handles of cooking utensils, electric plugs, switches or plugboards are made of thermosetting plastics because :

• Thermosetting plastics cannot be softened by heating.
• They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
• They resist fire and can tolerate heat.

Ncert Class 8 Science Chapter 3 Synthetic Fibres And Plastics Question 14.
What are the characteristic properties of synthetic fibres, due to which they are used abundantly?
Answer:
Synthetic fibres possess the following unique characteristics :

• They dry up soon,
• They are durable,
• They are less expensive,
• They are readily available, and
• They are easy to maintain.

Synthetic Fibres And Plastics Class 8 Hots Questions Question 15.
What is melamine? What are its uses?
Answer:
Melamine is a versatile thermosetting plastic. It resists fire and can tolerate heat better than other plastics. It is used for making floor tiles, kitchenware and fabrics which resists fire.

Synthetic Fibres And Plastics Class 8 Extra Questions Question 16.
What is the characteristic property of plastic due to which it is used to make containers to store different materials?
Answer:
Plastics do not react with water and air and, therefore, they are non-corrosive in: nature. That is why, the containers made of plastics are used for storing various kinds of materials, including many chemicals.

Synthetic Fibres And Plastics Class 8 Extra Questions Answers Question 17.
Write a brief note on Teflon.
Answer:
Teflon is a non-stick plastic used as non-stick coating in cookwares. Because of its toughness, it is also used as tape for sealing purposes.

Ncert Science Class 8 Chapter Synthetic Fibres And Plastics Question 18.
Write a note on cross-linked plastic.
Answer:
Cross-linked plastic is that plastic in which its units possess cross-linked arrangements. The cross-linked plastics are available in all possible shapes and sizes. This is due to the fact that plastics are easily mouldable, i.e., plastic can be shaped in any form. That is why, various types of containers like water tanks, water jugs, buckets, mugs, etc. are made of it arid used in day-to-day life.

Synthetic Fibres And Plastics Class 8 Answers Question 19.
Write a short note on the plastic in healthcare industry.
Answer:
Plastics find extensive use in the healthcare industry. Some examples of their use in healthcare are in packaging of medicines, threads used for stitching wounds, syringes, gloves, a number of medical instruments, etc.

Chapter 3 Synthetic Fibres And Plastics Class 8 Question 20.
Write any five characteristics of synthetic fibres.
Answer:
The characteristics of synthetic fibres are :

1. Synthetic fibres are cheaper than natural fibre.
2. Synthetic fibres are stronger than natural fibre.
3. Synthetic fibres are more durable than natural fibre.
4. Synthetic fabrics are dried up in less time.
5. Synthetic fibres are easy to maintain and wash.
6. Synthetic fibres are readily available and easy to maintain.

Question 21.
Write a note on rayon.
Answer:
Natural silk from silkworms was discovered in China and was kept as a closely guarded secret for a long time. Silk was a costly fabric. But, as its texture was beautiful, it fascinated everybody. So, people began to think of preparing silk artificially.

Towards the end of the nineteenth century, scientists were successful in obtaining a fibre having the properties similar to that of silk. Such a fibre was obtained by chemical treatment of wood pulp. This fibre was called rayon or artificial silk. Although rayon is obtained from a natural source, wood pulp, yet it is a man-made fibre. It is cheaper than silk but can be woven like silk fibres. It can also be dyed in a wide variety of colours.

Question 22.
What are renewable and non-renewable sources of energy? What will happen if all the non-renewable resources get exhausted?
Answer:
Renewable sources of energy :
The sources of energy, which are being produced continuously in nature and are inexhaustible, are called renewable sources of energy. These sources of energy can be used again and again, endlessly. They will never get exhausted. For example, wind, sunlight.

Non-renewable sources of energy :
The sources of energy, which have accumulated in nature over a very, very long time and cannot be quickly replaced when exhausted, are called non-renewable sources of energy, e.g., coal.
If all non-renewable sources of energy get exhausted, we will have to depend on renewable sources of energy. More and more alternative sources will have to be developed.

Question 23.
(a) You have to buy clothes to wear in summer. You will prefer to buy cotton clothes or clothes made of synthetic material. Give reason for your answer.
(b) Which material is better for making umbrellas and why?
Answer:
(a) I will prefer to buy cotton clothes over synthetic clothes. This is because cotton clothes absorb more sweat than synthetic clothes. I will comfortable and cool in cotton clothes than synthetic clothes.

(b) Synthetic cloth is better for making an umbrella because

• Synthetic fibre is more durable.
• Synthetic fibre is stronger.
• Synthetic fibre absorbs less water.
• Synthetic fibre is lightweight as compared to cotton cloth.

Question 24.
“Even though plastics are very useful, they are not environment friendly.” Justify the statement.
Answer:
Even though plastics are very useful and have vital applications in our daily life but they are not environmentally friendly because :
(а) The plastics are not bio-degradable and take several years to decompose. It causes environmental pollution.

(b) The burning process in the synthetic material is quite slow and it does not get completely burnt easily. In the process, it releases lots of poisonous fumes into the atmosphere causing air pollution.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. Rayon is known as
(a) artificial silk
(b) both
(c) regenerated fiber
Answer:
(a) artificial silk.

Extra Questions for Class 8 Science

Check the below Online Education NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 2 Extra Questions and Answers Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources Pdf free download. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-8-social-science/

Online Education for Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation And Wildlife Resources Class 8 Extra Questions Geography Chapter 2

Class 8 Geography Chapter 2 Extra Questions And Answers Question 1.
Give the reason for uneven distribution of population in different parts of the world?
Answer:
Varied characteristics of land and climate.

Ncert Solutions For Class 8 Geography Chapter 2 Extra Questions Question 2.
Mention the physical factors which determine the land use pattern.
Answer:

• Topography,
• soil,
• climate,
• minerals,
• availability of water.

Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation And Wildlife Resources Class 8 Extra Questions Question 3.
Which are the major threats to our environment?
Answer:

• Land degradation,
• soil erosion,
• desertification.

Extra Questions For Class 8 Geography Chapter 2 Question 4.
What is soil?
Answer:
The thin layer of grainy substance covering the surface of the earth is called soil.

Geography Class 8 Chapter 2 Extra Questions Question 5.
Give two reasons of water shortage or water scarcity.
Answer:

1. Variation in annual or seasonal precipitation.
2. Over-exploitation of water.
3. Contamination of water.

Ncert Class 8 Geography Chapter 2 Extra Questions Question 6.
Mention two major contaminants of water bodies.
Answer:

1. Discharge of untreated or partially treated sewage.
2. Agricultural chemicals.
3. Industrial effluents.

Class 8 Geography Chapter 2 Extra Questions Question 7.
On which two factors does the growth of vegetation depend?
Answer:

1. Temperature and
2. moisture.

Class 8 Geography Chapter 2 Extra Questions And Answers Pdf Question 8.
How are the major vegetation types of the world grouped?
Answer:

• Forests,
• grasslands,
• scrubs,
• tundra.

Geography Chapter 2 Class 8 Extra Questions Question 9.
Give one main reason for the clearance of forest?
Answer:
To feed the growing population or to increase agricultural land.

Chapter 2 Geography Class 8 Extra Questions Question 10.
What is the total account of freshwater over the earth?
Answer:
1%.

Land Soil Water Natural Vegetation And Wildlife Resources Class 8 Extra Questions Question 11.
Where does the government get money for public facilities?
Answer:
The government gets money from taxes collected from people for public facilities.

Land, Soil And Water Resources Class 8 Worksheets With Answers Question 12.
Ocean water is and is not fit for human use.
Answer:
salty.

Extra Questions Of Chapter 2 Geography Class 8 Question 13.
State true or false: Water is a non-renewable natural resource.
Answer:
False.

Class 8 Chapter 2 Geography Extra Questions Question 14.
What do you understand by land use?
Answer:
Using of land for different purposes like agriculture, forestry, mining, building houses, roads and setting up of industries is commonly termed as land use.

Ch 2 Geography Class 8 Extra Questions Question 15.
Distinguish between private land and community land.
Answer:

Private land	Community land
(i) Private land is owned by individuals.	(i) Community land is owned by the community.
(ii) Private land is used to build houses, agriculture etc.	(ii) Community land is used for common uses like collection of fodder, fruits, nuts or medicinal herbs.

Question 16.
Mention the common methods used to conserve land.
Answer:

• Afforestation,
• land reclamation,
• regulated use of chemical pesticides and fertilisers,
• checks on overgrazing.

Question 17.
Mention the factors of soil formation.
Answer:

• Parent rock,
• climate,
• topography,
• organic matter,
• time.

Question 18.
Mention the factors which lead to soil degradation.
Answer:

• Deforestation,
• overgrazing,
• overuse of chemical fertilisers or pesticides,
• rain wash,
• landslides,
• floods.

Question 19.
What is terrace cultivation?
Answer:
On steep slopes, terraces are made so that flat surfaces are available to grow crops. It reduces surface run-off and soil erosion.

Question 20.
Define contour ploughing.
Answer:
Ploughing is done parallel to the contours of a hill slope to form a natural barrier for water to flow down the slope.

Question 21.
Which method of soil conservation is practiced in the coastal and dry regions?
Answer:
In coastal and dry regions, rows of trees are planted to check the wind movement to protect soil cover.

Question 22.
What do you understand by water cycle?
Answer:
Movement of water through the oceans, the air, the land and back again, through the process of evaporation and precipitation, is called water cycle.

Question 23.
What are the major factors leading to shortage in supply of freshwater?
Answer:

• Increasing population,
• rising demands for food and cash crops,
• increasing urbanisation,
• rising standards of living.

Question 24.
Which regions of the world face scarcity of water?
Answer:

• Africa,
• West Asia,
• South Africa,
• parts of Western USA,
• North-West Mexico,
• parts of South America,
• Australia.

Question 25.
Define biosphere and ecosystem.
Or
Write the difference between biosphere and ecosystem.
Answer:

• Biosphere – It is the narrow zone of contact between the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.
• Ecosystem – In the biosphere, living beings are interrelated and interdependent on each other for survival. This life-supporting system is called ecosystem.

Question 26.
Various species of natural vegetation and wildlife have become vulnerable or endangered and some are at the verge of extinction. Why? Give reasons.
Answer:
Deforestation, soil erosion, constructional activities, forest fires and landslides are some of the human-made and natural factors which together accelerate the process of extinction of natural vegetation and wildlife.

Question 27.
Why are animals poached?
Answer:
Animals are poached for collection and illegal trade of hides, skins, nails, teeth, horns as well as feathers.

Question 28.
What are landslides?
Answer:
Landslides are mass movement of rock, debris or earth down a slope. They include a broad range of motions whereby falling, sliding and flowing under the influence of gravity dislodges earth material.

Question 29.
Give two main reasons of forest fire.
Answer:

1. Natural fire due to lightning.
2. Fire purposely caused by local inhabitants.

Question 30.
Varied characteristics of land and climate affect the distribution of population. Explain how.
Answer:
Varied characteristics of land and climate affect the distribution of population in the following ways –

• The rugged topography, steep slopes of mountains, low-lying areas susceptible to waterlogging, desert areas, thick forested areas are sparsely populated or uninhabited.
• Fertile plains and river valleys offer suitable land for agriculture. Therefore, these are densely populated.

Question 31.
Explain how various factors affect soil formation.
Answer:

• Parent Rock – It determines colour, texture, chemical properties, mineral content and permeability of the soil.
• Relief-Altitude and slope determine the accumulation of soiL
• Climate – Temperature and rainfall influence rate of weathering and humus formation.
• Time – It determines the thickness of soil.
• Flora, Fauna and micro-organisms – These affect the rate of humus formation.

Question 32.
Describe five methods of soil conservation.
Answer:

1. Mulching- The bare ground between plants is covered with a layer of organic matter like straw. It helps to retain soil moisture.
2. Contour barriers – Stones, grass, soil are used to build barriers along contours. Trenches are made in front of the barriers to collect water.
3. Agroforestry- Crops are grown along with trees on the boundaries of the fields to check soil erosion.
4. Rock dam – Rocks are piled up to slow down the flow of water. This prevents gully erosion.
5. Intercropping- Different crops are grown in alternate rows and are sown at different times to protect the soil from rain wash.

Question 33.
Describe the distribution of water on the earth’s surface.
Answer:

• Oceans cover two-thirds of the earth’s surface.
• The freshwater accounts for only about 2.7 per cent of the total. Nearly 70 per cent of this occurs as ice sheets and glaciers in Antarctica, Greenland and mountain regions. Only one per cent of freshwater is available as groundwater, surface water in rivers and lakes and as water vapour in the atmosphere.

Question 34.
Mention the various ways of water conservation.
Answer:

• The rainwater can be collected from the rooftop with the help of pipes in tanks, sumps, ponds or lakes. It also helps in recharging of groundwater.
• The canals must be properly lined to minimise losses by water seepage.
• Sprinklers effectively irrigate the area by checking water losses through seepage and evaporation.
• In dry regions with high rates of evaporation, drip irrigation is very useful.

Question 35.
Write four advantages of rainwater harvesting.
Answer:

1. It makes ecological and financial sense not to waste pure natural resources available in large quantity on rooftops.
2. It encourages water conservation and self-dependence.
3. If water does not contain any organic material and is stored in a clean container, it remains pure for long time.
4. It prevents groundwater depletion and is a good supplement to piped water.

Question 36.
How are plants useful to us?
Or
Write the various uses of plants.
Answer:

• Plants provide us timber.
• Give shelter to animals.
• Produce oxygen we breathe.
• Protect soil which is essential for growing crops.
• Act as shelterbelts.
• Help in storage of underground water.
• Give us fruits, nuts, latex, turpentine oil, gum, medicinal plants, paper, etc.

Question 37.
Explain how animals are useful to us.
Answer:

• Animals provide us with milk, meat, hides and wool.
• Insects like bees provide us with honey, help in pollination of flowers and have an important role to play as decomposers in the ecosystem.
• The birds feed on insects and act as decomposers as well. Vulture, due to its ability to feed on dead livestock, is a scavenger and considered a vital cleanser of the environment.

Question 38.
Describe how the growth of forests depends on rainfall.
Answer:

• Huge trees and dense forests are found in the areas of heavy rainfall.
• Short stunted trees grow in the regions of moderate rainfall.
• Thorny shrubs and scrubs grow in dry areas of low rainfall.
• Tundra vegetation of cold Polar Regions comprises of mosses in lichens.

Question 39.
Write the major causes of landslides.
Answer:
Major causes of landslides are as follows –

• Topographic variables – Relief, slope.
• Geological- Lithology, fault/thrust/ lineaments.
• Morphological causes- Drainage density, dissected surface, stream action.
• Triggering factors – Rainfall, earthquake.
• Anthropogenic – Land use, excavation on slope.

Question 40.
Mention some mitigation techniques of landslides.
Answer:

• Hazard mapping, locate areas prone to landslides. Hence, such areas can be avoided for building settlements.
• Construction of retention wall to stop land from slipping.
• Increase in the vegetation cover.
• The surface drainage control works are implemented to control the movement of landslides along with rainwater and spring flows.

Question 41.
Mention the steps that can be taken to protect plants and animals.
Answer:

• National parks, wildlife sanctuaries and biosphere reserves are made.
• Awareness programmes like social forestry and van Mahotsav should be encouraged at the regional and community level.
• School children should be encouraged for bird watching and visiting nature camps so that they appreciate the habitat of varied species.
• Laws must be passed declaring the trade and killing of birds and animals is illegal.

Multiple Choree Questions (MCQs)

1. Which one among the following is a densely populated area?
(a) Desert areas
(b) River valleys
(c) Thick forested areas
(d) Steep slopes.
Answer:
(b) River valleys.

2. Which one of the following is not a physical factor determining the use of land?
(a) Topography
(b) Soil
(c) Climate
(d) Technology.
Answer:
(d) Technology.

3. What are the major threats to the environment?
(a) Land degradation, landslides
(b) Soil erosion, desertification
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Neither (a) nor (b).
Answer:
(c) Both (a) and (b).

4. Tick the correct order of the constituents of soil profile (from top to bottom) in the following.
(a) Topsoil, subsoil, weathered rock, parent rock
(b) Topsoil, weathered rock, subsoil, parent rock
(c) Subsoil, topsoil, weathered rock, parent rock
(d) Topsoil, subsoil, parent rock, weathered rock.
Answer:
(a) Topsoil, subsoil, weathered rock, parent rock.

5. Which one of the following statements is not correct?
(а) Mulching helps to retain soil moisture.
(b) Soil erosion and depletion are the major threats to soil as a resource.
(c) Shelterbelts are made in the mountainous areas.
(d) Plants give shelter to the animals and together they maintain the ecosystem.
Answer:
(c) Shelterbelts are made in the mountainous areas.

Glossary:

→ Land use – Using land for various purposes such as agriculture, forestry, mining, building houses, roads etc. is commonly termed as land use.

→ Common property resources- Land owned by community for common uses like collection of fodder, fruits, nuts or medicinal herbs are also called common property resources.

→ Soil – The Sublayer of grainy substance covering the surface of the earth is called soil.

→ Weathering-The breaking up and decay of exposed rocks, by temperature changes, frost action, plants, animals and man.

→ Biosphere – The narrow zone of contact between the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.

→ Ecosystem- In the biosphere living beings are interrelated and inter¬dependent on each other for survival. This life-supporting system is known as ecosystem.

→ Wildlife – Wild animals and vegetation living in a natural, undomesticated state.

→ Landslides – The mass movement of rock, debris or earth down a slope.

→ National park – A natural area designated to protect the ecological integrity of one or more ecosystems for present and future, generations.

→ Biosphere reserves -Series of protected areas linked through a global network intended to demonstrate the relationship between conservation and development.

Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science

Here we are providing Online Education The Fight Extra Questions and Answers Class 8 English It So Happened, Extra Questions for Class 8 English was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-8-english/

You can refer to NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English It So Happened (Supplementary) Chapter 6 The Fight Question Answer to revise the concepts in the syllabus effectively and improve your chances of securing high marks in your board exams.

Online Education for The Fight Extra Questions and Answers Class 8 English It So Happened

The Fight Extra Questions and Answers Short Answer Type

The Fight Class 8 Extra Questions Question 1.
For how long did Ranji stay in Rajpur?
Answer:
Ranji had been for less than a month in Rajpur when he discovered the pool in the forest.

The Fight Extra Questions Class 8 Question 2.
What did Ranji tell about the surrounding of the area?
Answer:
Ranji came to a semi-hill station where the weather was hot. The earth was parched, the grass was brown, the trees were listless no wind, and narrow stream due to lack of rains.

Extra Questions Of The Fight Class 8 Question 3.
What do you get about the pool from the story?
Answer:
The pool was in the midst of the forest. The water had a gentle translucency and smooth round pebbles could be seen at the bottom of the pool. It was fed by a small stream emerged from a cluster of rocks. It was cold, and clean.

Extra Questions Of The Fight Class 8 Question 4.
Who was the other boy and what did he do to Ranji?
Answer:
When Ranji was relaxing after an hour of swimming, he observed that a tall and healthy boy was staring at him. He then scolded him for using the pool as he claimed that he owned the pool.

The Fight Class 8 Questions And Answers Question 5.
How did Ranji react to the challenge of Suraj?
Answer:
Ranji disliked the way Suraj behaved with him. He was aware of his lean body and could assess the strength of the opponent. Yet he accepted the challenge because he did not want to give up the fun he could experience while swimming.

Question 6.
What did Ranji do when he returned home after the duel with Suraj?
Answer:
Ranji gave a tough fight to Suraj and received bruises. He tried to hide it from his mother who scolded him. She asked him to stay indoors but he slipped into the market and ate jalebis.

Question 7.
What surprised Suraj when he met Ranji the next day at the pool?
Answer:
Both Suraj an,d Ranji decided to continue their fight. Suraj called Ranji to hill side by coming across the pool. Ranji was unwilling. His perfection in dive surprised Suraj. He was impressed with his efficiency.

Question 8.
Why .could not Suraj make a perfect dive?
Answer:
Ranji told Suraj told the basics of diving. Suraj stood up stiff and straight, stretched out his arms and threw himself into the water. He landed flat on his belly. With a crash that sent the birds screaming out of the trees.

Question 9.
How did they become friendly?
Answer:
Suraj was fascinated by the tricks of Ranji, he decided to learn it from him. He surrendered the anguish and dominance over the pool. He offered to train Ranji to become a pahalwan.

Question 10.
Ranji knew that he would lose the fight yet did not surrender. Why?
Answer:
Ranji was feeling weak and lazy as his body was stiff. He knew that he would be beaten in another fight. He thought that he must defy his enemy or outwit him to gain his respect.

The Fight Extra Questions and Answers Long Answer Type

Question 1.
‘Children are the best gift of the nature’. Do you agree to the statement? Give reason in support of your answer.
Answer:
Nature has been kind and considerate in many ways. Children are the most adorable gift that showered upon mankind. They learn behaviour from elders and teach them a lot. The two children in the story wanted to show their dominance but became good friends on the very second day. They built faith and trust among themselves. They don’t hide their genuine feelings from each other.

Question 2.
‘Hobby is an integral part of everybody’s life’. Comment.
Answer:
Hobby is an essential activity that caters to the need of a person. A hobby can enhance our well – being and can give more meaning to one’s life. All work and no play make Jack a dull boy. So every person should have a hobby to keep himself active physically as well as mentally. Ranji was superior to the boy because he had pursued his hobby of swimming. He could have spent his day roaming here and there doing nothing. He rather preferred to explore the forest. He spent his off time swimming. Suraj, however, had muscular strength, yet he felt little before Ranji and befriended him.

Question 3.
In what way is the forest pool different from-the one which Ranjf Knew in the Rajputana desert?
Answer:
The forest pool was clean, cold and inviting, whereas the Rajputana desert has sticky, muddy pools where buffaloes wallowed and women washed clothes.

Question 4.
The other boy asked Ranji to ‘Explain’ himself.
(i) What did he expect Ranji to say?
(ii) Was he, in your opinion, right or wrong to ask this question?
Answer:
(i) The other boy, Suraj, expected Ranji to say ‘sorry’.
(ii) Suraj was a bully. He was wrong to prevent Ranji from using the pool. The pool was a common property.

Question 5.
Between Ranji and the other boy, who is trying to start a quarrel? Give a reason for your answer.
Answer:
When the other boy arrived at the scene Ranji wanted to make friends with him. It was the other boy who insisted on fighting to prove his freedom on the pool.

Question 6.
“Then we will have to continue the fight,” said the other.
(i) What made him say that?
(ii) Did the fight continue? If not, why not?
Answer:
(i) Suraj spoke the above words because he was tired but he did not want to spare Ranji who refused to accept defeat. So he deferred the fight for the next day.
(ii) no, the fight didn’t continue the next day. Both Suraj and Ranji needed each other’s help, so they compromised. Suraj asked Ranji to teach him to dive and swim underwater. While Ranji agreed to become a wrestler with the help of Suraj.

Question 7.
What is it that Ranji finds difficult to explain at home?
Answer:
At home, Ranji found it difficult to explain the cuts and bruises that were marked on his face, legs and arms. It was difficult to hide the fact that he had been involved in a fight.

Question 8.
Ranji sees his adversary in the bazaar.
(i) What does he wish to do?
(ii) What does he actually do, and why?
Answer:
(i) At first Ranji felt like turning away and look the other way. His second thought was to hit his enemy with the lemonade bottle.
(ii) He actually stands his ground and only scowls at Suraj.

Question 9.
‘Ranji is not at all eager for a second fight’. Why does he go back to the pool, then?
Answer:
Ranji did not want to miss the joy of swimming in the pool. So, he went back to the pool.

Question 10.
Who was the better swimmer? How do you know it?
Answer:
Ranji was the better swimmer. When the other boy made fun of him by saying that he would not be able to swim across the pool, Ranji dived straight into the water and surfaced at the other end in a flash. The boy was amazed at how well Ranji had dived and later, at how he had swim underwater. He said that, he did not know how to dive or swim underwater, and asked Ranji to teach him both.

Question 11.
What surprises the warrior?
Answer:
Ranji executes another perfect dive. Swimming under water, he circles Suraj and comes upon him from behind. The warrior, Suraj is surprised to see Ranji’s skill.

Question 12.
Now that they are at the pool, why don’t they continue the fight?
Answer:
Before resuming their fight they started the used exchange of ‘war cries’ once Ranji established his superiority in swimming it all boiled down to the warrior accepting Ranji’s superiority which resulted in their friendship.

Question 13.
Ranji’s superiority over the other hoy is obvious in the following:
Physical strength, good diving, his being a fighter, Sense of humour, swimming underwater, making a good point willingness to help.
Answer:
Good diving, swimming underwater and willingness to help.

Question 14.
What according to you, makes the two adversaries turn into good friends in a matter of minutes? Explain it as you have understood it.
Answer:
It was combination of many factors. The first was realization on warrior’s part that Ranji was more than a match for him in terms of physical strength and mental strength. The next was Ranji’s show of superior swimming and diving skills. And the final factor is Ranji’s willingness to befriend people and his willingness to share things.

Here we are providing Online Education for Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 Extra Questions and Answers Understanding Laws was designed by subject expert teachers. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-8-social-science/

Online Education for Understanding Laws Class 8 Extra Questions Civics Chapter 4

(1) The key elements of the democratic government are ………………………. , ………………………… .
Answer:
Liberty, Equality

(2) ………………………. was the language that white people spoke.
Answer:
Afrikaans

(3) ………………………. fought apartheid in S. Africa.
Answer:
African National Congress

(4) Zulu was the language spoken by the ………………………. in South Africa.
Answer:
Blacks

(5) In India the government is elected for ………………………. years.
Answer:
five.

Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 Extra Questions And Answers Question 1.
Name the races of people in S. Africa. Why did they come here?
Answer:
South Africa is a country that has people of several races. There are black people who belong to South Africa, whites who came there to settle and Indians who came as labourers and traders.

Understanding Laws Class 8 Extra Questions And Answers Question 2.
What were Apartheid laws?
Answer:
The word ‘apartheid’ means separation on the basis of race. South African people were divided into whites, blacks, Indians and coloured races. According to the law, these races were not allowed to mingle with each other, to live near each other or even to use common facilities.

Ncert Solutions For Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 Extra Questions Question 3.
Write the name of one black township,
Answer:
One black township was south-western township or SOWETO.

Class 8 Civics Ch 4 Extra Questions Question 4.
Why was Hector Ndlovu shot by police? When did the incident take place?
Answer:
Hector Ndlovu was shot by the police because he and his classmates had joined the protest against learning the Afrikans language in school. This was the language that the white people spoke. The incident took place on 30th April 1978.

Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 Extra Questions Question 5.
Who fought against the apartheid laws? What was the result of this struggle?
Answer:
The African National Congress, a group of people who – led the struggle against apartheid. The most well-known leader of the African National Congress was Nelson Mandela, who fought the apartheid laws for several years. South Africa became a democratic country in 1994, in which people of all races were considered equal.

Ncert Class 8 Civics Chapter 4 Extra Questions Question 6.
What is meant by consensus?
Answer:
Everyone has the same view regarding an issue.

Chapter 4 Civics Class 8 Extra Questions Question 7.
Write about the conflict between the states of Karnataka and Tamilnadu over the issue of R. Cauvery?
Answer:
The rivers can become a source of conflict between states. A river may have its origin in one place and after flowing through many states that finally end its journey in the sea or ocean. The sharing of river water between different places that the river goes through is becoming an issue. There is a dispute between Karnataka and Tamilnadu over the sharing of the Cauvery water. The water stored in Krishnasagar dam in Karnataka is used for irrigation in several districts and for meeting the needs of various cities.

The water stored in Mettur dam of Tamilnadu is used for crops grown in the delta region of that state. A conflict arises because dams are on the same river. The downstream dam in Tamilnadu can only be filled up with water when it is released from the upstream one located in Karnataka. So both the states cannot get as much water as they need for people in their states. This leads to conflict. The central government has to see that, fair distribution is worked out.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which one of the following refers to apartheid laws?
(a) The laws which brings separation in the country on the basis of race
(b) The laws which brings separation in the country on the basis of castes
(c) The laws related to marriage
(d) The laws related to property disputes.
Answer:
(a) The laws which brings separation in the country on the basis of race.

2. In which races were the African people divided?
(a) The black and the Indians
(b) The black and the coloured
(c) The white, the black, the Indians and the coloured
(d) The red and the black.
Answer:
(c) The white, the black, the Indians and the coloured.

3. The African National Congress is a group of people who led the struggle against:
(a) Muslim community
(b) the black
(c) the Indians
(d) apartheid.
Answer:
(d) apartheid.

4. Who is Nelson Mandela?
(а) The leader of the African National Congress
(b) A religious scholar
(c) A famous poet
(d) Both (b) and (c)
Answer:
(а) The leader of the African National Congress.

5. When did South Africa become a democratic country?
(a) In 1984
(b) In 1994
(c) In 1999
(d) In 2005.
Answer:
(b) In 1994.

6. For how many years is the government elected in India?
(a) 5 years
(b) 6 years
(c) 4 years
(d) 10 years
Answer:
(a) 5 years.

7. Which of the following are the ways in which people express their views and make governments understand what actions they should take?
(а) Thomas
(b) Strikes
(c) Signature campaigns
(d) All the above.
Answer:
(d) All the above.

8. How do members of the minority community, Dalits, Adivasis, women and others participate in the government?
(a) By educating themselves
(b) By making themselves rich
(c) Organising themselves into social movements
(d) By making prayers to the government
Answer:
(c) Organising themselves into social movements.

Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science

Check the below Online Education NCERT MCQ Questions for Class 8 Civics Chapter 7 Extra Questions and Answers Understanding Marginalisation Pdf free download. https://ncertmcq.com/extra-questions-for-class-8-social-science/

Online Education for Understanding Marginalisation Class 8 Extra Questions Civics Chapter 7

Class 8 Civics Chapter 7 Extra Questions And Answers Question 1.
How is a city different from the village?
Answer:
A city is much bigger than a village and more spread opt? It has crowded markets, many cars and buses, water and electrical facilities, traffic control and hospitals. The village may or may not have some of these facilities. In the milage, we can see bullock carts, agricultural fields and grazing areas for the animals.

Understanding Marginalisation Class 8 Extra Questions And Answers Question 2.
What is the difference between a Municipal Corporation and a Municipal Council?
Answer:
The Municipal Corporations work in big cities and Municipal Councils work in small towns.

Understanding Marginalisation Class 8 Extra Questions Question 3.
How are the members of the Municipal Corporation elected?
Answer:
The members of the Municipal Corporation are elected by the people. The city is divided into different wards and ward councillors get elected by the people.

Class 8 Civics Ch 7 Extra Questions Question 4.
Who implements the decisions of the Municipal Corporation?
Answer:
The Municipal Commissioner and the administrative staff implement these issues. The Commissioner and the administrative staff are..appointed by the state government. He is always a civil servant and is appointed by the state government.

Class 8 Civics Chapter 7 Extra Questions Question 5.
Why did the Municipal Corporation suggest to sort the garbage?
Answer:
When the people sort out their garbage, it helps the Municipal Corporation to keep the streets clean.

Understanding Marginalisation Extra Questions Question 6.
What is a tax?
Answer:
A tax is a sum of money that people pay to the government for the services the government provides.

Understanding Marginalisation Class 8 Questions And Answers Question 7.
What is a property tax?
Answer:
People who own homes pay property tax. The larger the house the more the taxes.

Ncert Class 8 Civics Chapter 7 Extra Questions Question 8.
Explain the term ‘privatisation’.
Answer:
This means that the work that was earlier being done by government workers is now being done by a private company.

Ncert Solutions For Class 8 Civics Chapter 7 Extra Questions Question 9.
Why have the Municipalities hired private contractors to collect and process garbage?
Answer:
The contract workers are paid less and their job is temporary.

Chapter 7 Civics Class 8 Extra Questions Question 10.
Why is the collection of garbage a dangerous job?
Answer:
Collection of garbage is a dangerous job because the contract workers do not have any access to safety measures and are not taken care of if they are injured while working.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The Municipal Corporation belongs to :
(a) a small city
(b) a big city
(c) a small village
(d) a big village
Answer:
(b) a big city.

2. Which one of the following refers to the Municipal’ Council?
(а) An organisation in a small town that takes care of street lights, garbage collection, water supply, etc.
(b) An organisation in a big city that takes care of street lights, water supply, etc.
(c) An advisory committee to the District Magistrate
(d) An administrative body at the village level.
Answer:
(а) An organisation in a small town that takes care of street lights, garbage collection, water supply, etc.

3. Who decide on issues in Municipal Corporation?
(а) The Councillors Committees
(b) The Councillors
(c) The member of the Gram Sabha
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer:
(d) Both (a) and (b).

4. Who implements the decisions in the Municipal Corporation?
(a) The Commissioner
(b) The administrative staff
(c) Members of the Panchayat Samiti
(d) Both (a) and (b).
Answer:
(d) Both (a) and (b).

5. Who are the appointed staff in the Municipal Corporation?
(a) The Councillors
(b) The Commissioner
(c) The administrative staff
(d) Both (b) and (c)
Answer:
(d) Both (b) and (c)

6. Which one of the following refers to a tax?
(a) A sum of money that people pay to the government as donation
(b) A sum of money that people pay to the government for the services provided by the government
(c) A sum of money that people have to give as dowry
(d) Government’s monetary assistance to the farmers
Answer:
(b) A sum of money that people pay to the government for the services provided by the government.

7. Which of the following departments is under the Municipal Corporation?
(a) The Water Department
(b) The Sanitation Department
(c) A department to look after gardens
(d) All the above.
Answer:
(d) All the above.

8. Which one of the following refers to subcontracting?
(а) The work done by government workers
(b) The work that was earlier being done by government workers is now being done by a private company
(c) The work done by very big contractors’
(d) The work done by small contractors
Answer:
(b) The work that was earlier being done by government workers is now being done by a private company.

Extra Questions for Class 8 Social Science